UNIT 8 Section Ⅱ Lesson 1-【金版新学案】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步课堂高效讲义教师用书（北师大版2019）

Section Ⅱ　Lesson 1 Step One：Pre-reading Skim the title and the passage，and do the following exercises. 1．What may the text be about? A．A famous scientist. B．How to keep healthy. C．Biology. D．An organization. 答案：D 2．Who is the founder of the organization? 答案：Dr.Jane Goodall. Step Two：While-reading Ⅰ.Read for the main idea 1．What’s the main idea of the text? The main idea of the text is that Roots & Shoots helps you use your life to make the world a better place for people，animals and the environment. 2．Match the main idea with each part. Part 1 (Para.1) A．The meaning of its name. Part 2 (Para.2) B．What is “ Just-me-ism”？ Part 3 (Paras.3－4) C．The establishment of Roots & Shoots. 答案：Parts 1－3　BCA Ⅱ.Read for the structure Read the passage quickly and fill in the blanks. Ⅲ.Read for details Read the passage carefully and choose the best answers. 1．Why does the author mention “Just-me-ism” in the first paragraph? A．To show that some people are selfish. B．To show the necessity of Roots & Shoots. C．To tell us the bad effects of pollution. D．To tell us the importance of good habits. 2．Why is the organisation called Roots & Shoots? A．Dr.Jane Goodall is interested in roots and shoots. B．It is designed to protect roots and shoots. 学生用书第56页 C．It calls on everyone to do his part，just like roots and shoots. D．Roots and shoots are important for plants. 3．According to the author，which of the following contributes to a better future? A．Going to school by car instead of by bus. B．Using a lot of plastic shopping bags. C．Leaving a light on when you go out. D．Turning off the tap while you brush your teeth. 4．What can we learn from the text? A．Every individual doesn’t matter. B．Every individual can make a difference to the world. C．Only a few people suffer from “Just-me-ism”． D．People can’t live together in peace with nature. 答案：1－4　BCDB Step Three：Post-reading Ⅰ.难句解构 1． 尝试翻译　这个组织取名“根与芽”，因为根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础，而芽看起来弱小，却可以冲破砖墙以接触到阳光。 2． 尝试翻译　正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。 Ⅱ.佳句仿写 1．教材佳句　To inspire young people to take action for the environment, animals and their community, Roots & Shoots was established.(活动目的介绍) 学后仿写　为了鼓励学生参与社区服务，学校实施了一项志愿者计划。 To inspire students to participate in community service， the school implemented a volunteer program. 2．教材佳句　It is by acting together, in this exciting way, that we can involve thousands—millions—of people, and this is what is going to change the world.(主题升华句) 学后仿写　正是通过从错误中学习，我们才能避免重蹈覆辙。 It is by learning from mistakes that we can avoid repeating them. Ⅲ.品质升华 1．Why is “Just-me-ism” a problem? (Critical Thinking 批判性思维) Because “Just-me-ism”often shows self-centre，imposing one’s own opinion on others，which can lead to failure in interpersonal communication. 2．What can we do to promote green living？(Creative Thinking创造性思维) Use fewer plastic products to limit ocean pollution.Choose safe and sustainable food to better the environment.Reduce energy consumption and cut carbon emissions.Follow the rules of garbage sorting. 学生用书第57页 ◎ ①suffer from 遭受，蒙受 ②leave the tap running 让水一直流 ③can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事 ④pick up 捡起，拾起 ⑤say to oneself 自忖，自言自语 ⑥matter vi.要紧，有重大影响 ⑦just 在此意为“请，就”，用于引起注意、表示允许等。 ⑧gallon/ˈɡælən/ n．加仑 ⑨inspire sb to do sth 激励某人做某事 ⑩take action 采取行动 ⑪institute/ˈɪnstɪtjuːt/ n．机构；研究院 a research institute 研究所 ⑫set up 创建，建立，搭建 set up a company/business 开公司 ⑬chimpanzee/ˌtʃɪmpænˈziː/ n．黑猩猩 ⑭in addition to 除了……之外(还) ⑮whole-heartedly adv.全心全意地 ⑯be committed to 致力于；献身于 committed adj.尽心尽力的 ⑰live in peace with...与……和平共处 ⑱make a firm foundation 打下坚实的基础 firm/fɜːm/ adj.实的；稳固的 foundation/faʊnˈdeɪʃən/ n．基础；地基 ⑲break open brick walls 冲破砖墙(的阻挡) brick/brɪk/ n．砖，砖块 ⑳all around the world 全世界 [同义]all over the world throughout the world across the world ㉑wag/wæɡ/ vi.& vt.(狗)摇(尾巴) ㉒one flowering plant 一株开花的植物 flower熟词生义 vi.开花 ㉓rooted adj.根深蒂固的，固定在某地的；根源在于 be rooted in...植根于…… ㉔a shared future共同的未来 ㉕absent adj.缺席；不在 ㉖involve/ɪnˈvɒlv/ vt.参与；包含 ◎ ROOTS & SHOOTS Most people suffer from① what is known as “Just-me-ism”．What is that？Well，say you leave the tap running② while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to③ pick it up④.You know that all those things are wrong，but so what？“What difference can it possibly make？”you say to yourself⑤.“There are millions of people in the world and I’m just me.How can it matter⑥ if I leave one little tap running，one little light on or leave a little piece of litter on the road？And anyway，no one will know.”Of course，it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.[1] But just⑦ think of all the millions of people saying to themselves：“It doesn’t matter.It’s just me.And，anyway，no one knows.”Millions of gallons⑧ of water would be wasted；millions of lights would be left on；millions of pieces of litter would be dropped.[2] And all of this would be very harmful. [1]本句使用了虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反的情况，if引导的条件状语从句的谓语动词用过去式，主句谓语动词用“would＋动词原形”。 [2]本句使用了虚拟语气，表示与将来可能相反的情况。这里假设的条件没有通过条件状语从句表达出来，而是隐含在上一句中。 To inspire young people to⑨ take action⑩ for the environment，animals and their community，Roots & Shoots was established.This institute⑪ was set up⑫ in the early 1990s by Dr.Jane Goodall，a scientist who’s the world’s best-known expert on wild chimpanzees⑬[3].In addition to⑭ her research，she has been whole-heartedly⑮ committed to⑯ environmental protection.The whole purpose of Roots & Shoots is to educate young people，from pre-schoolers to university students，so they can help to build a future that is secure and live together in peace with⑰ nature. [4] [3]画线部分作Dr.Jane Goodall的同位语，对Dr.Jane Goodall进一步解释说明；who引导的定语从句修饰先行词a scientist。 [4]本句为so连接的并列复合句。第一个分句中，动词不定式短语“to educate...students”作表语；第二个分句中，定语从句“that is secure ”修饰先行词a future。 学生用书第58页 The organisation is called Roots & Shoots because roots move slowly under the ground to make a firm foundation⑱，and shoots seem small and weak，but they can break open brick walls⑲ to reach the light.The roots and shoots are you，your friends and young people all around the world⑳.Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems，change the world and make it a better place to live in[5]. [5]动词不定式短语to live in作后置定语，修饰a better place。 Do you think you help to make the world a better place when you make a sad person smile，when you make a dog wag㉑ its tail，and when you water a thirsty plant？[6] One cheered-up person，one happy dog, one flowering plant㉒，and you.That’s what Roots & Shoots is all about [7]：the value and importance of each individual—human，animal or plant.Dr.Jane Goodall believes that the most important thing is that：“Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual makes a difference.”You get to choose：Do you want to use your life to make the world a better place for people，animals and the environment？Do you want to make Roots & Shoots rooted㉓ in everyone’s heart？Do you want to be a part of a community for a shared future㉔？You cannot be absent㉕. [6]本句中含有三个when引导的时间状语从句，并包含了三个“make＋宾语＋宾语补足语”结构。 [7]此处为what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作介词about的宾语。 It is by acting together，in this exciting way，that we can involve㉖ thousands—millions—of people，and this is what is going to change the world. [8] —Jane Goodall [8]本句为and连接的并列句。第一个分句使用了强调句型，强调方式状语；第二个分句中含有what引导的表语从句，what在从句中作主语。 ◎ 根与芽 很多人都有所谓的“就我一个”的问题。那是什么意思呢？比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。你知道那些都是不对的，但那又怎么样？“会有什么关系呢？”你对自己说，“世界上有数百万人，我不过是我自己。如果我让一个小小的水龙头一直流水，让一盏小小的灯开着或将一小块垃圾丢在路上，这有什么要紧呢？而且不管怎样，没人会知道。”当然，如果世界上只有几个人，那就无所谓了。 学生用书第59页 但试想要是数百万人都对自己说：“没关系。只有我一个。而且，不管怎样，没人会知道。”数百万加仑的水将会被浪费，数百万盏灯将会开着，数百万块垃圾将会被丢掉。而这些都是非常有害的。 为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。这个组织于20世纪90年代初由世界上最著名的野生黑猩猩专家珍·古道尔博士建立。除了自己的科研，她还全身心地投入环保事业。“根与芽”的目的是教育年轻人，从学龄前儿童到大学生，使他们能够为创造一个安全的未来而贡献力量并与大自然和平共处。 这个组织取名“根与芽”，因为根部在地下缓慢延伸以形成坚实的基础，而芽看起来弱小，却可以冲破砖墙以接触到阳光。根和芽就是你、你的朋友和世界各地的年轻人。成千上万的根和芽能够解决问题、改变世界，使其更加宜居。 当你使一个悲伤的人微笑，让一条狗摇尾巴，给一株干渴的植物浇水时，你觉得自己让世界变得更美好了吗？一个振作起来的人、一条快乐的狗、一株开花的植物和你。这就是“根与芽”的全部意义：重视每个个体的价值和重要性，不管是人、动物还是植物。珍·古道尔博士认为，最重要的是：“每个个体都很重要。每个个体都有自己的角色。每个个体都能有所作为。”你可以选择：你想通过自己的生活，为了人类、动物和环境而让世界变得更美好吗？你想让“根与芽”植根于每个人的心中吗？你想成为命运共同体的一员吗？你不能缺席。 正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。 ——珍·古道尔 ◎阅读单词——识记 1．criticize just-me-ism 　批评自我中心主义 2．a gallon of gas 　一加仑汽油 3．educational institute 　教育机构 4．observe chimpanzees 　观察黑猩猩 ◎核心单词——练通 1．new green shoots 绿色的新芽 2．lay a foundation 　打下基础 3．a brick wall 　砖墙 4．wag a tail 　摇尾巴 ◎拓展单词——用活 1．root n．树根→rooted adj.根深蒂固的；稳固的 2．bother vi. & vt.费心，麻烦→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的 3．firm adj.实的；稳固的→firmly adv.坚决地；坚定地；坚固地 4．involve vt.参与；包含→involved adj.参与的；复杂的；有关的，涉及的→involvement n．参与，加入 involve vt.参与；包含 [去(e)＋-ment]→involvement n．参与，加入 例如：①govern→government 政府 ②agree→agreement 协议；契约 ③equip→equipment 装备 ④develop→development 发展 ◎重点短语——再现 第一组　汉译英 1．与……协调，与……一致 in harmony with 2．过着……样的生活 lead/live a...life 3．与……抗争 fight against 4．懒得做某事 can’t be bothered to do sth 5．遭受，蒙受 suffer from 6．有影响 make a difference 学生用书第60页 7．采取行动 take action 8．成立；设立；搭建 set up 9．除了……之外(还) in addition to 10．致力于；献身于 be committed to 第二组　英译汉 11．for instance 例如 12．interfere with 干涉，妨碍 13．say to oneself 自忖，自言自语 14．live in peace with... 与……和平共处 15．make a firm foundation 打下坚实的基础 16．all around the world 全世界 17．be rooted in... 植根于…… ◎典型句式——默背 1．句型公式　reason作先行词的定语从句 教材原句　The second section explains the reasons that cause different types of pollution (造成不同种类的污染的原因). 2．句型公式　which引导非限制性定语从句 教材原句　We all know that there are various types of pollution around us，which may cause different kinds of environmental problems (这会造成各种各样的环境问题)... 3．句型公式　感叹句 教材原句　What a beautiful garden (多么漂亮的花园啊)! 4．句型公式　leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 教材原句　Well，say you leave the tap running (让水哗哗地流)while you brush your teeth... 5．句型公式　动词不定式短语作目的状语 教材原句　To inspire young people to take action for the environment (为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境)，animals and their community，Roots & Shoots was established. 6．句型公式　动词不定式短语作定语 教材原句　Hundreds and thousands of roots and shoots can solve the problems，change the world and make it a better place to live in (更加适合居住的地方). Ⅰ.核心词汇练全 　root n．树根 v．(使)生根 (教材原句)ROOTS & SHOOTS 根与芽 (1)take root 　(植物)生根；(思想)植根，深入人心(后常跟介词in) (2)root around 翻找；搜寻 root for 支持；为……鼓劲 root out 铲除，清除；根除，杜绝，彻底解决 (3)rooted adj. 根深蒂固的；稳固的 be (deeply) rooted in (深深)扎根于，植根于 stand rooted to the spot 待在原地不动 中国元素　The root of Chinese tea culture can be traced back to ancient times. 中国茶文化的根源可以追溯到古代。 根据汉语提示填空/应用文写作之传统文化/读后续写之动作描写 ①From that day on, a dream has taken root(生根) in his heart. ②He rooted around(翻找)in the drawer and found the letter at last. ③Whatever happens, I will be the one who roots for(支持) you forever. ④It is impossible to root out(清除) all the problems at a time.You should deal with them one by one. ⑤尊老爱幼的传统深深植根于中国人的心中。 The tradition of respecting the old and taking care of the young is deeply rooted in the hearts of the Chinese people. ⑥他吓得发呆，站在原地一动不动。 Frozen with fear, he stood rooted to the spot． 学生用书第61页 　shoot n．芽，苗；嫩枝 vt.射中；射击；(使朝某方向)冲，奔；拍摄；摄影；投篮 (教材原句)ROOTS & SHOOTS 根与芽 (1)shoot at 朝……射击(但不一定射中) shoot up 快速长高，蹿个儿；迅速增加 (2)shot n. 开枪，射击；击球，射门，投篮；(电影中的)镜头 中国元素　The archery, an ancient sport in China, requires precision and skill to shoot the arrow accurately. 射箭是中国古老的体育运动，需要精确和技巧来准确射箭。 一词多义/单句语法填空/读后续写之动作描写 ①The movie was shot in New Zealand in the winter of 2018.拍摄 ②Each day she found new shoots coming out of the ground.芽，苗 ③The two young stars were only 12 years old when the film was shot (shoot). ④The hunter shot at the bear but missed it by inches. ⑤Generally speaking, boys shoot up in height between the ages of 13 and 16. ⑥篮球运动员跳起来，将球投进篮筐。 The basketball player jumped up and shot the ball towards the basket． 　bother vi. & vt.费心，麻烦 (教材原句)Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up. 比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流，外出的时候不关灯，或者掉了一块垃圾却懒得捡起来。 (1)bother to do/doing sth 费心做某事 bother sb with/about sth 为某事打扰或麻烦某人 It bothers sb that.../to do sth 使某人苦恼的是…… (2)bothered adj. 烦(恼)的；感到讨厌的 can’t be bothered to do sth 懒得做某事 单句语法填空/读后续写之家庭生活 ①Don’t bother to look/looking (look) for my umbrella，and it will turn up some day. ②Currently，he’s busy with the contest，so you’d better not bother him with/about so many questions. ③He felt bothered (bother) all day，unable to put his mind into his lessons. ④It really bothers me that they haven’t replied to our letters. ⑤我懒得打扫我的房间，所以我关上门，忽略了里面的脏乱。 I couldn’t be bothered to clean my room， so I just closed the door and ignored the mess. 　take action 采取行动 (教材原句)To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community，Roots & Shoots was established. 为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和社区，“根与芽”诞生了。 (1)take action to do sth 采取行动做某事　　 (2)in action 在活动中；在运转 out of action 失去作用；停止运转 put...into action 使……行动起来；使……起作用 中国元素　It is our responsibility to take action to protect traditional Chinese crafts, keeping these ancient arts alive.我们有责任采取行动来保护中国传统工艺，使这些古老的艺术保持活力。 单句语法填空/读后续写之主旨升华 ①With the World Cultural Heritage Day coming，we shouldn’t hesitate to call on people to take action to save(save)our treasures. ②When the machines are in action, at least two workers should be on duty. ③After extensive planning, the new marketing strategy was put into action to increase sales and brand awareness. 学生用书第62页 ④这段经历教会我，我们不仅应该拥有一个伟大的梦想，而且应该采取行动来实现它。 This experience taught me that not only should we possess a great dream，but we should also take action to realise it． 　involve vt.参与；包含 (教材原句) It is by acting together，in this exciting way，that we can involve thousands—millions—of people，and this is what is going to change the world. 正是通过这种令人激动的方式共同行动起来，我们可以让成百上千、甚至千百万人参与其中，这将改变世界。 (1)involve sb in (doing) sth 使某人参与(做)某事 involve doing sth 包括做某事 (2)involved adj. 参与的；有关联的 be/get involved in 参与；与……有牵连；卷入；专注于 [温馨提示]　involved作前置定语时，意为“复杂的”；作后置定语时，意为“涉及的”。如an involved sentence“一个复杂的句子”；the people involved“所涉及的人”。 中国元素　In ancient China，however，naming was very complicated and one person usually had several names，and names involved xing，shi，ming，and zi.然而，在中国古代，起名非常复杂。一个人通常有好几个名字，包括姓、氏、名、字。 单句语法填空/句式升级 ①Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth. ②Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which involved spending (spend) quite a lot of time with students. ③Recently I got actively involved(involve)　in a reading club activity. ④I get involved in volunteer work，so I have learned a lot. →Involved in volunteer work，I have learned a lot.(动词-ed形式短语作状语) →Involving myself in volunteer work，I have learned a lot.(动词-ing形式短语作状语) 一词多义——firm A．adj.强有力的，坚决的　B．adj.牢固的，稳固的　C．n.商行，公司 ①The company now has a firm footing in the marketplace. B ②The firm has achieved a dominant position in the world market. C ③Firmer action will be taken against factories discharging smoke into the air. A 学生用书第63页 Ⅱ.典型句式讲透 　句型公式：感叹句 (教材原句)What a beautiful garden! 多么美丽的花园啊！ 感叹句一般由what和how引出，what与名词连用构成感叹句，how与形容词或副词连用构成感叹句。 (1)What＋a/an＋形容词＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)! (2)What＋形容词＋不可数名词或可数名词复数(＋主语＋谓语)! (3)How＋形容词/副词(＋主语＋谓语)! (4)How＋形容词＋a/an＋单数可数名词(＋主语＋谓语)！ 补全句子/一句多译 ①How excited he was(他是多么激动)when he heard about the news! ②What brave soldiers(多么勇敢的士兵) they are! ③这是多么有趣的一个故事啊！ →How interesting a story it is！ →What an interesting story it is！ 　句型公式：leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语 (教材原句)Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth... 比方说你刷牙的时候让水哗哗地流…… (1)leave用作使役动词时，意为“使……处于某种状态”。 (2)leave复合结构的构成： leave＋宾语＋ 单句语法填空/同义句转换 ①The young father was busy playing computer games，leaving his little son crying (cry) there. ②He was so tense that he left his house hurriedly，leaving his breakfast untouched (untouch). ③Because of the bad weather，the project was half finished. →The bad weather left the project half finished．(leave＋宾语＋宾语补足语) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$