题型04 完形填空说明文（讲练）-【上好课】2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（安徽专用）

题型04 完形填空说明文 文体特点: 完形填空说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物科学的解说，对客观事物做出说明或对抽象的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能，关系或对事理的概念、特点、演变、异同等科学地认识，从而获得有关的知识。利用说明文的基本特征，对解题有所帮助！完形填空说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是中考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。其主要特点为: 1. 利用说明文的首句查找说明主体 在说明文类的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。结构清晰，说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，便于于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系。 2. 把握说明文的两种结构模式 (1)总分式。包括＂总—分＂＂分—总＂＂总—分—总＂等具体形式。 (2)递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序——从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从南到北、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序——按照时间先后顺序来安排，事物都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序——有些说明文主要是剖析事理的，在说明时就按照事理的逻辑关系进行安排，或者从主到次、从浅到深、从原因到结果，具有严密的条理性。 命题规律: 完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构和习惯用法等，又考查学生逻辑推理能力。能力要求： 1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。 2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。 3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。 基本考点：以实词为主，侧重对、和的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。 核心考点：，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。 【应试技巧】 （一）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。 （二）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断 同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。　　 （三）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题 短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。 （四）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断 语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。 1、 完形填空（2024年安徽中考真题） 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Pets aren’t just a fun member of the family. They are also good for your health and happiness. People with pets are more likely (可能的) to be ____11____. Playing with a cat or taking a dog for daily ____12____ around the garden gets you moving your body, and out in the fresh air too. Spending time with your pet helps you get ____13____. Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable and helps you feel ____14____. When you’re with your pet, you can let go of problems ____15____ you give them your full attention. Having an animal in the family helps you learn new ____16____, like how to teach them to understand orders, such as “Sit” or “Lie down”. ____17____ games to play with them allows you to practice being creative. Learning how to ____18____ pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live ____19____, teaches you to understand others’ feelings. Pets can also help you get to know other dog owners on walks, or help you become ____20____ with them when you tell funny stories about your pets. 11. A. active B. careful C. useful D. modern 12. A. tests B. talks C. showers D. walks 13. A. tired B. touched C. relaxed D. bored 14. A. prouder B. better C. wiser D. cuter 15 A. even if B. as C. as if D. unless 16. A. skills B. languages C. cultures D. spirits 17. A. Watching B. Attending C. Inventing D. Winning 18. A. wake up B. search for C. depend on D. look after 19. A. quietly B. happily C. lazily D. busily 20. A. friends B. relatives C. trainers D. members 2、 完形填空（2023年安徽中考真题） 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Dear Bruce, Thanks for your email—good to hear from you. I’m looking forward to the exchange (交流), too! Anyway, about the 31 and things. The school here isn’t very 32 about most things, but there are a few things you need to know. First of all— 33 . You can wear what you want, 34 you can’t wear jeans (牛仔裤) with holes in them. You should 35 comfortable things. And it’ll be cold when you’re here so you’d better bring some 36 clothes. The school’s pretty strict about phones—of course you can 37 them, but you have to 38 the phones and keep them in a place as you are required before class. You can’t just put them on silent, right? And you can bring 39 to school but you must eat it outside during the break. If it’s raining, you can eat in the classroom. In short, it’s a good school and the teachers are kind. You really don’t have to worry about anything here. Hope my advice is 40 to you. Write again soon, OK? And tell me if there’s anything else you need to know. Yours, Sarah 31. A. interviews B. hobbies C. marks D. rules 32. A. strict B. fair C. modern D. sure 33. A. questions B. reports C. clothes D. subjects 34. A. or B. so C. for D. but 35. A. borrow B. wear C. receive D. sell 36. A. clean B. dry C. warm D. new 37. A. bring B. return C. compare D. repair 38. A. hand out B. throw away C. turn off D. pick up 39. A. money B. food C. paper D. water 40. A. helpful B. similar C. secret D. free 3、 完形填空（2022年安徽中考真题） Your brain doesn’t have to do anything extra (额外的) to tell the truth. You think of what you want to say, and you say it. Lying ____21____ much more work. Here’s an ____22____ of what goes into a simple lie. Imagine you’re late for class and the teacher asks ____23____ and you decide to lie. You now have to either came up with a story or remember the story you ____24____ as you were rushing to class. So you say, “I had to stop by the ____25____ and borrowed a book.” Your teacher asks, “The book I recommended (推荐) last period?” You must decide how to answer ____26____. If you say yes, the teacher might ask you to show her the book. Or she might ____27____ you to read from it in class. If you say it is a ____28____ book, she might ask which book you’ve checked out. So you have to be ready with the ____29____ of another book and make sure it’s a book the school library owns. You give your ____30____ a ton of extra work! Why not just tell the truth? It’s much easier. 21. A. refuses B. avoids C. takes D. fixes 22. A. example B. ability C. interview D. agreement 23. A. when B. who C. why D. which 24. A. listened to B. made up C. wrote down D. left behind 25. A. store B. gate C. station D. library 26. A. recently B. secretly C. angrily D. quickly 27. A. expect B. help C. hate D. pay 28. A. boring B. personal C. cheap D. different 29. A. cover B. name C. price D. size 30. A. book B. exam C. brain D. class 4、 完形填空（2021年安徽中考真题） It is a basic ability for humans to tell more from less. Surprisingly, a number of animals ___21___ this ability too. They will ___22___ more of something. Horses, for example, will go for a group of three apples instead of two apples. This ability is ___23___ to animals in lots of ways. It helps them ___24___ the larger group of friends. Many fishes, for example, join groups for ___25___. If a predator (掠食动物) comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less possible to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10. So if a fish has a choice between two groups, it’s safer to join the ___26___ one. A sense of number even helps keep the ___27___. For example, a monkey group will avoid fights with other groups when they find their ___28___ is not an advantage. Also, the ability to do simple ___29___ is a sure thing for some animals. They ___30___ the difference between one, two, and three. Some others can count much higher than three. 21. A. have B. miss C. doubt D. hate 22. A. grow B. cook C. pick D. leave 23. A. fresh B. useful C. correct D. direct 24. A. hide B. beat C. push D. find 25. A. safety B. holiday C. discussion D. exercise 26. A. faster B. larger C. busier D. quieter 27. A. secret B. interest C. peace D. record 28. A. age B. number C. time D. speed 29. A. counting B. jumping C. dancing D. swimming 30. A. mix B. like C. ask D. know · 五大方法速判句内层次题 解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。 1． 利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题 完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。这个技巧主要指惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。 [示例]　I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could. 55. A．chair　　　　　B．sponsor C．attend D．organize 2． 利用生活常识和文化背景解题 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。 [示例]　Just last year, I was 56.conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope. 57．A.regretted B．avoided C．excused D．ignored 3．利用对应成分分析法解题 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [示例]To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 51．A.show B．record C．decrease D．measure [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 4.利用逻辑关系解题 此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。 [示例]　We went 10­1 and I was named most valuable player, __28__I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29.accident． 28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus [示例]... got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. 28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused 5. 利用语境暗示分析法解题 上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。 [示例]　The 38.trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __39__ in Toronto on January 8. 39．A.ending B．calling C．repeating D．staying [示例] When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54 to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information. 55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh · 四种方法智取句组层次题 比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 1．利用语义复现解题 复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。 [示例]　While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)． 41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal [示例]　Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table. 50.A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends [示例]　This is what happens on long submarine（潜水艇） voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions? 47．A.long B.fast C.dangerous D.direct [示例]　Many firms already claim to be “customer-driven” or “consumer-centered”. Now their 62 will be tested as never before. 62.A. information B. investment C. claims D. shops 2． 利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题 在完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案或根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性排除干扰做出正确的选择。 【示例】Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. 49. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding 【示例】The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, 62(though) it may result in a passing grade, is not a 63 way to learn a school course. 63. A. convenient B. demanding C. satisfactory D. swift [示例] When men are held up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 . 50．A．pleasing B．annoying C．common D．valuable 3．利用逻辑关系解题 在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 [示例] Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so, 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. 45. A. because B. but C. unless D. though [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 4．利用语境暗示分析法解题 在句组层次中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。 [示例]　During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there...... My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone...... 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand ! 24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such · 三种方法突破语篇层次题 语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。 不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。 1. 利用语义复现解题 由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，它往往要围绕一个话题论述，因此行文中词语的重复、替代或同现的现象是不可避免的，即某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。根据这一原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词，考生可以这些词之间的有机联系来决定答案。 [示例] In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 36 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 37 went . 36. A.holiday B.ceremony C.operation D.experiment .... I' ll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 55 kindness , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories. 2. 利用总分结构或对比结构分析法解题 完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开和详述，两者之间有着明确的相互支撑、相互印证的对照关系。总分对照结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。 对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。对比结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。 [示例]　He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __47__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __48__ of positive attitudes and emotions. 47. A. attitudes B. beliefs C. goals D. positions 48. A. shortcoming B. harm C. benefit D. interest [示例] Be someone else! Look at the situation from a __62__ point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the __63__ in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their __64__. The best fishermen think like fish! 62. A. private B. global C. different D. practical 3. 利用逻辑关系解题 在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要解题方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 [示例] Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. 56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore 【典例】 阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Humans share the earth with a lot of wildlife. And they have lived in 31 with each other for thousands of years. But things have 32 nowadays. Many of our animal friends are in great danger. And even many of them are dying out from the earth. 33 , it is because of humans that animals are in this bad situation now. In order to increase human development, we may seriously harm the animals’ 34 . Human development has caused pollution in the oceans. And the land has also met the 35 problem. It is reported that three-quarters of the world’s land is polluted. Luckily, many people have realized that our behaviors (行为) in fact do harm to animals as well as to ourselves, 36 they must do something to save both animals and us. The World Wildlife Fund (基金会) has called on governments and businesses to protect nature. China has 37 many natural reserves (保护区). Experts also manage to protect animals from being killed. People have been taking steps in the right direction. It is really 38 news. The number of many animals has 39 . We are happy to see that some animals have even lived again in the places where they lived before. The protection of animals still has a long way to go. Anyway, to protect animals is to protect 40 . And we should live together with nature. 31．A．danger B．peace C．trouble D．public 32．A．lost B．realized C．changed D．continued 33．A．Sadly B．Suddenly C．Quickly D．Luckily 34．A．sky B．weather C．air D．home 35．A．safe B．same C．special D．simple 36．A．so B．if C．or D．as 37．A．looked for B．found out C．set up D．handed in 38．A．boring B．tiring C．interesting D．exciting 39．A．stopped B．increased C．dropped D．appeared 40．A．itself B．himself C．themselves D．ourselves 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Jingzhe (惊蛰), or Awakening of Insects, 1 on March 5 and ends on March 20 this year. During the solar term, the weather will get 2 and there will be more rainfall. Its name refers to the awakening (唤醒) of animals sleeping in winter by spring thunder (雷) and 3 begins to come back to life. In ancient times, people believed that the 4 of thunder awakened insects, which was common during this time. Modern scientific studies have shown that insects 5 because of the warm weather and moist soil (潮湿的土壤). Jingzhe is an important time for 6 . Old Chinese sayings such as “once Jingzhe comes, spring plowing (春耕) never rests” 7 the importance of this solar term to farmers. During this time, most parts of China experience fast—rising 8 , with more sunshine. All of these provide the best conditions for farming activities. Eating pears around this time is 9 in China. According to ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, the sweet and juicy (多汁的) pear is good for the lungs (肺) as the air becomes dry. This is very good for people’s health when people 10 parched (干裂的) mouths and dry tongues (舌头) because of the changing weather. 1．A．succeeds B．spreads C．falls D．fails 2．A．warmer B．braver C．safer D．freer 3．A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something 4．A．sound B．smell C．taste D．touch 5．A．grow up B．give up C．wake up D．make up 6．A．workers B．farmers C．neighbors D．doctors 7．A．push B．warn C．check D．show 8．A．shapes B．prices C．sizes D．temperatures 9．A．strict B．friendly C．popular D．kind 10．A．help B．experience C．build D．choose 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Everyone may compare with someone else. Scientists say it’s 11 and it can help humans learn from each other, live happily together and achieve more. 12 comparing can be good for you, it can get your stuck in trouble. This is when you have the habit of measuring (衡量) yourself against others and 13 let your feelings be influenced by others. Comparisons can make us feel good or bad about ourselves. “Comparing up” means seeing someone doing 14 than you. That drives you to 15 a higher goal and try harder. However, sometimes it makes you less sure about your ability and 16 your confidence. “Comparing down” is when you see someone who seems like they are not doing as well as you. It can also stop you making progress or even make you feel 17 . So, try 18 the comparison trap (陷阱). Notice how people make you feel and spend time with friends who celebrate your 19 rather than comparing themselves with you. Finally, pay attention to your own ability and how you can make 20 . The best person you can compete with is yourself. 11．A．wrong B．strange C．natural D．free 12．A．Although B．If C．Unless D．Because 13．A．seldom B．always C．never D．sometimes 14．A．worse B．slower C．longer D．better 15．A．wait for B．put off C．leave out D．set up 16．A．needs B．shows C．breaks D．builds 17．A．excited B．proud C．nervous D．happy 18．A．finding B．making C．accepting D．avoiding 19．A．experiences B．advantages C．mistakes D．differences 20．A．money B．progress C．noise D．sense 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Open AI released (发布) ChatGPT on November 30, 2022. It soon 21 great attention and caused much discussion online. What is the magic of ChatGPT that makes people so crazy about it? ChatGPT is an AI model that can 22 with humans in natural language. It was considered to be one of the most advanced (先进的) chat bot technologies. It can understand and reply to messages 23 a human-like way. Many people find ChatGPT to be 24 to talk to. Some even say that they have had more interesting conversations with ChatGPT than with some of their real-life friends! Many companies and organizations are exploring the use of ChatGPT to 25 customer service. However, it’s important to remember that ChatGPT is still not 26 . Sometimes it may misunderstand what you’re trying to say or provide wrong information. So it’s always a good idea to check 27 information you get from an AI chat bot to make sure it’s correct. 28 there are some disadvantages, ChatGPT is a wonderful technology that allows AI to communicate with humans in whole new ways. Whether you’re interested in gaming, customer service, 29 just have a friendly conversation, ChatGPT is worth exploring. So next time when you’re looking for someone to chat with, why not try ChatGPT? You never know what interesting 30 it may tell you! 21．A．paid B．got C．lost D．found 22．A．communicate B．play C．speak D．fly 23．A．on B．at C．in D．of 24．A．boring B．stupid C．interesting D．silly 25．A．improve B．change C．refuse D．avoid 26．A．terrible B．perfect C．dangerous D．strange 27．A．some B．any C．much D．no 28．A．As if B．Now that C．Even though D．After all 29．A．and B．but C．or D．then 30．A．orders B．secrets C．lies D．stories 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. According to the World Health Organization(WHO), loneliness can be as bad for one’s health as smoking 15 cigarettes (香烟) a day. In many countries, even young people are now feeling 31 . What can be done to fight this widespread loneliness? Asa Koski is a social scientist in Lulea, Sweden. She believes one solution is to 32 people to say hello to strangers. So she recently started the “Sag hej!(Say hi!)” 33 . In Lulea, winters there are long and cold, 34 the average temperature can drop to -15 ℃. But Koski doesn’t think the 35 alone has caused young Swedes to feel lonely. An ever-growing 36 on digital (数码的) technology is a far bigger reason. American-born student Lauren Ell first came to Sweden in 2006. Like Koski, she 37 thinks digital technology is part of the problem. Even in 2006, many of her classmates would just go home after school and 38 video games. She thinks the “Sag hej!” project could be a good way to start 39 the problem. “Saying hello to someone 40 a message that you’re willing to stop and chat or to help if there’s a problem. For some people, that can really make a difference,” says Koski. 31．A．active B．lonely C．creative D．friendly 32．A．encourage B．remember C．allow D．invite 33．A．class B．team C．group D．project 34．A．but B．or C．and D．so 35．A．weather B．food C．work D．study 36．A．hate B．trust C．doubt D．research 37．A．still B．even C．only D．also 38．A．hide B．play C．avoid D．refuse 39．A．solving B．finding C．considering D．accepting 40．A．gives up B．puts off C．sends out D．keeps away 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Did you know that more than 65 percent of all people in China own a smartphone? Smartphones are very 41 . They can help you to connect with other people in the screen. You can take photos, play games or even study. But what is the bad 42 ? Many people spend at least 4 hours a day using their phones. That’s 1,460 hours a year. If we 43 smartphones too much, they can become harmful. Smartphones may be addictive (上瘾的), and this may lead to 44 use. It is even more true for teenagers and young adults. People can lose 45 in face-to-face communication. They can become worried when they can’t 46 their smartphone. Smartphone addiction can also negatively influence students’ school grades. What about our sleep? Many studies have shown that too long 47 time is bad for our sleep. This is because playing smartphones keeps people in an excited state. It makes people hard to 48 and even harder to wake up in the morning. Therefore, if you have a smartphone, it could have a bad influence on your health. It’s a good idea to 49 your own screen time to avoid future problems. After all, health always comes first, although it’s also important to take full advantage of 50 . Try reducing the time you spend on screens of smartphones! 41．A．clean B．small C．expensive D．convenient 42．A．influence B．habit C．design D．idea 43．A．buy B．use C．produce D．change 44．A．creative B．smart C．enough D．improper 45．A．sight B．interest C．balance D．money 46．A．raise B．show C．hold D．repair 47．A．screen B．study C．work D．rest 48．A．stay alive B．live alone C．look ahead D．fall asleep 49．A．increase B．control C．spare D．find 50．A．time B．body C．technology D．communication 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. A special course named “Physical Fitness Enhancement (体能提升): Exercise and Nutrition (营养)” has been set up in Peking University. The 51 of the course is to help students get into good shape. But the course is only open to students who are 52 or overweight. Students can learn how to lose weight, such as making 53 diets and exercise plans in the 30-hour course. Also, the students can train with the help of professional coaches. Activities 54 running, strength training and designing personal weight loss plans. “The goal is for students to 55 a healthy lifestyle, master scientific weight loss methods, and form regular exercise and balanced diet habits,” explained Zhang Xiaoyuan, who teaches the course. A lot of students are interested in the course. To get the 56 to choose the course, many students have to compete. Those who 57 it have got a lot in the course, with the highest weight loss being around 15 kilograms over the term. On the final day, the students would share their 58 . Many of them report they feel lighter, improve moods 59 and have better sleep now. Some have 60 new sports hobbies like rock climbing, swimming and so on. Some even have found new sports partners. 51．A．purpose B．request C．level D．result 52．A．short B．heavy C．tall D．young 53．A．healthy B．private C．helpful D．polite 54．A．support B．require C．create D．include 55．A．complete B．list C．develop D．master 56．A．advantage B．chance C．position D．matter 57．A．made B．brought C．enjoyed D．decided 58．A．heroes B．achievements C．suggestions D．secrets 59．A．mainly B．carefully C．successfully D．exactly 60．A．taken down B．taken away C．taken off D．taken up 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Physical activity is good for us. It helps us build up our bodies, learn new skills and get to know the 61 of team work. But every year, more than 3.5 million kids across China receive treatment for sports-related injuries (受伤). How did this happen? Choosing sports that don’t fit the ages is one reason. All sports have a 62 of injury. However, most injuries are caused by overuse (过度使用). It’s best to play different kinds of sports to 63 injuries we often see with overuse. We can stop common injuries by 64 sports that are right for our age, development and physical abilities. No warm-up (热身) exercises before playing sports is another reason. The purpose of warming up is to 65 for our chosen activity. A warm-up for light physical activity takes around 10 minutes. It includes light activity and some movements that are 66 to the activity we’re about to do. Besides, most people often forget to take 67 . Rest periods during practice and games can help to avoid injuries. We should stop the activity if it makes us 68 . After all, we can’t play or exercise through the pain. It’s a good idea to have at least one day off every few days and at least one month off every year from 69 for a certain sport. Anyway, keep 70 and follow the correct sports plan. Then we can enjoy the fun of doing sports. 61．A．change B．success C．value D．dream 62．A．risk B．task C．record D．test 63．A．check B．avoid C．treat D．receive 64．A．picking B．refusing C．sharing D．creating 65．A．cheer B．prepare C．hope D．act 66．A．similar B．blind C．proper D．famous 67．A．notes B．breaks C．walks D．steps 68．A．move B．fail C．hurt D．matter 69．A．caring B．searching C．waiting D．training 70．A．safe B．poor C．warm D．strong 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Many people would like to play music to keep the mind busy while showering, taking a walk or travelling to school. But research has found that could 71 your ability to come up with creative things to do. By comparison, experts say being 72 can bring new ideas. Listening to music while taking a shower or going for a walk 73 your time that could be spent thinking about yourself and your life. You need this time for new 74 to come out. That’s why people get ideas in the middle of the night—in the break time, the 75 creates its own fun. A recent study also showed the same 76 . In the research, groups of people were given a boring writing task. Then they were asked to 77 a creative task. Researchers found the uninteresting writing 78 produced more creativity. So, is it best to move away the bath-time playlist? People think 79 . Many people say they have too much going on in their heads and they listen to music to relax in the 80 . But others say they like having a quiet time while travelling home at the end of the day. 71．A．influence B．develop C．include D．list 72．A．busy B．handsome C．patient D．bored 73．A．made up B．talks about C．takes away D．finds out 74．A．ideas B．schools C．heads D．tasks 75．A．music B．brain C．shower D．study 76．A．risk B．memory C．break D．result 77．A．separate B．copy C．avoid D．complete 78．A．experts B．activities C．grades D．methods 79．A．honestly B．crazily C．differently D．awfully 80．A．shower B．century C．kitchen D．interview 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 题型04 完形填空说明文 文体特点: 完形填空说明文是一种以说明为主要表达方式的文章体裁。它通过对实体事物科学的解说，对客观事物做出说明或对抽象的阐释，使人们对事物的形态、构造、性质、种类、成因、功能，关系或对事理的概念、特点、演变、异同等科学地认识，从而获得有关的知识。利用说明文的基本特征，对解题有所帮助！完形填空说明文往往围绕一个问题从不同的侧面来加以说明，通常结构严谨，句子结构复杂，因此也是中考完形填空题中较难理解的一种文体。其主要特点为: 1. 利用说明文的首句查找说明主体 在说明文类的完形填空中，作者一般在文章的首句直接提出说明的对象，这是掌握说明细节的前提。结构清晰，说明文一般按一定的顺序展开。理清文章的说明顺序，便于于正确把握文意和上下文的逻辑关系。 2. 把握说明文的两种结构模式 (1)总分式。包括＂总—分＂＂分—总＂＂总—分—总＂等具体形式。 (2)递进式。事理说明文多用递进式结构，一层一层地剖析事理。具体包括：空间顺序——从上到下、从外到内、从左到右、从南到北、从远到近、从中间到四周、从整体到部分；时间顺序——按照时间先后顺序来安排，事物都有发生、发展、消亡的过程；逻辑顺序——有些说明文主要是剖析事理的，在说明时就按照事理的逻辑关系进行安排，或者从主到次、从浅到深、从原因到结果，具有严密的条理性。 命题规律: 完形填空是一种旨在考查学生语法和词汇知识综合运用能力的典型题型。它既考查词语搭配、近义词辨析、动词时态、句型结构和习惯用法等，又考查学生逻辑推理能力。能力要求： 1.句内层次题：解题信息分布在本句内部，瞻前顾后，左顾右盼，边读边填。 2.句组层次题：解题信息分布在设空处前后的一组句子中，瞻前顾后寻找暗示。 3.语篇层次题：解题信息分布在语篇的某一处甚至全篇，需要综合推断。 基本考点：以实词为主，侧重对、和的考查。重点在上下文语境理解上，词汇运用次之。每小题给出的单词多为同一类词。所设的选项更具有干扰性，更加强调对语境的考查。 核心考点：，把考查的重点放在理解全文、通篇考虑、掌握大意、注重关联等方面。 【应试技巧】 （一）、寻找有关线索进行逻辑推理 如果题目中的四个选项从词汇搭配，语法角度考虑均行得通，但由于文章是一个完整的统一体，词，句，段三者存在着内在逻辑关系，此时需要从上下文中寻找有关的提示或暗示，对文章的情节进行逻辑推理，抓住关键信息，理顺句与句之间的关系，确定合理的答案。 （二）、巧妙运用词汇复现轻松选择判断 同义词，近义词，反义词是借助意思相同，相近或相反的表达方式或解释性语言使上下文的意思得以连接起来。因此，做题时，应充分注意分析上下文中出现的解释性语言。对于上下文意思复现的表达，可以借助于复现信息的同根词来补全信息，巧妙运用词汇复现，轻松选择判断。　　 （三）、熟记短语搭配仔细辨析解题 短语动词在完形填空题中是比较常见的，占有一定的比例。这类短语有两种考查方式：一种是四个选项中只有一个搭配是正确的；另一种是四个选项的搭配不止一个正确，这时考生须借助上下文的意思作出适当的判断。 （四）、上下求索利用语境进行逻辑判断 语境题在完形填空题中已占有一半题量，因此，利用好文章的语境关系就能对文章进行准确性地逻辑判断，在理解文意的基础上推断出每一空的准确信息从而确定答案。其具体方法就是认真读原文，找出反映语境的标志性的词汇或句子，并大胆预测下文。 1、 完形填空（2024年安徽中考真题） 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Pets aren’t just a fun member of the family. They are also good for your health and happiness. People with pets are more likely (可能的) to be ____11____. Playing with a cat or taking a dog for daily ____12____ around the garden gets you moving your body, and out in the fresh air too. Spending time with your pet helps you get ____13____. Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable and helps you feel ____14____. When you’re with your pet, you can let go of problems ____15____ you give them your full attention. Having an animal in the family helps you learn new ____16____, like how to teach them to understand orders, such as “Sit” or “Lie down”. ____17____ games to play with them allows you to practice being creative. Learning how to ____18____ pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live ____19____, teaches you to understand others’ feelings. Pets can also help you get to know other dog owners on walks, or help you become ____20____ with them when you tell funny stories about your pets. 11. A. active B. careful C. useful D. modern 12. A. tests B. talks C. showers D. walks 13. A. tired B. touched C. relaxed D. bored 14. A. prouder B. better C. wiser D. cuter 15 A. even if B. as C. as if D. unless 16. A. skills B. languages C. cultures D. spirits 17. A. Watching B. Attending C. Inventing D. Winning 18. A. wake up B. search for C. depend on D. look after 19. A. quietly B. happily C. lazily D. busily 20. A. friends B. relatives C. trainers D. members 【答案】11. A 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. B 16. A 17. C 18. D 19. B 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了养宠物的好处。 【11题详解】 句意：养宠物的人可能更活跃。 active活跃的；careful认真的；useful有用的 ；modern现代的。根据“gets you moving your body, and out in the fresh air too.”可知，养宠物可以帮助你活动身体，故养宠物的人会更活跃。故选A。 【12题详解】 句意：每天和猫玩耍或在花园里遛狗可以让你的身体动起来，也可以呼吸到新鲜的空气。 tests测试；talks谈话；showers淋浴；walks散步。根据“taking a dog for daily…around the garden”可知，此处指每天在花园里带着狗散步。故选D。 【13题详解】 句意：花时间和你的宠物在一起可以帮助你放松。 tired劳累的；touched感动的；relaxed放松的；bored无聊的。根据“Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable”可知，和宠物在一起会让你感到舒服放松。故选C。 【14题详解】 句意：与你的宠物谈论你的担忧可以让你感到舒适，并帮助你感觉更好。 prouder更骄傲的；better更好的；wiser更明智的；cuter更可爱的。根据“Talking to your pet about your worries can make you feel comfortable and helps you feel…”可知，和宠物在一起会让你感到舒服，让你感觉更好。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：当你和你的宠物在一起时，你可以把所有的问题都放下，因为你给了它们你的全部注意力。 even if即使；as因为；as if好像；unless除非。根据“you can let go of problems…you give them your full attention”可知，和宠物在一起时，因为你把注意力都给了它们，所以你可以把自己的问题全部放下，故用as连接，引导原因状语从句。故选B。 【16题详解】 句意：家里有一只动物可以帮助你学习新技能，比如如何教它们理解命令，比如“坐下”或“躺下”。 skills技能；languages语言；cultures文化；spirits精神。根据“like how to teach them to understand orders…”可知，养宠物可以帮助你学习新技能，下文介绍了一些技能。故选A。 【17题详解】 句意：发明游戏和他们一起玩可以让你练习创造性。 Watching观看；Attending参加；Inventing发明；Winning赢得。根据“allows you to practice being creative”可知，发明一些可以和宠物玩的游戏可以让你锻炼创造力。故选C。 【18题详解】 句意：学习如何照顾宠物，了解它们想要什么，并确保它们快乐地生活，教会你理解别人的感受。 wake up醒来；search for搜寻；depend on依靠；look after照顾。根据“Learning how to…pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live…”可知，此处指了解宠物的需求，学习如何照顾它们。故选D。 【19题详解】 句意：学习如何照顾宠物，了解它们想要什么，并确保它们快乐地生活，教会你理解别人的感受。 quietly安静地；happily快乐地；lazily懒惰地；busily忙碌地。根据“Learning how to…pets, understanding what they want and making sure that they live…”可知，此处指了解宠物的需求，确保宠物能够快乐生活。故选B。 【20题详解】 句意：宠物还可以帮助你在散步时认识其他养狗的人，或者在你讲宠物的趣事时帮助你和他们成为朋友。 friends朋友；relatives亲戚；trainers教练；members成员。根据“Pets can also help you get to know other dog owners”可知，此处指养宠物会帮助你与其他宠物主人结交，成为朋友。故选A。 2、 完形填空（2023年安徽中考真题） 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Dear Bruce, Thanks for your email—good to hear from you. I’m looking forward to the exchange (交流), too! Anyway, about the 31 and things. The school here isn’t very 32 about most things, but there are a few things you need to know. First of all— 33 . You can wear what you want, 34 you can’t wear jeans (牛仔裤) with holes in them. You should 35 comfortable things. And it’ll be cold when you’re here so you’d better bring some 36 clothes. The school’s pretty strict about phones—of course you can 37 them, but you have to 38 the phones and keep them in a place as you are required before class. You can’t just put them on silent, right? And you can bring 39 to school but you must eat it outside during the break. If it’s raining, you can eat in the classroom. In short, it’s a good school and the teachers are kind. You really don’t have to worry about anything here. Hope my advice is 40 to you. Write again soon, OK? And tell me if there’s anything else you need to know. Yours, Sarah 31. A. interviews B. hobbies C. marks D. rules 32. A. strict B. fair C. modern D. sure 33. A. questions B. reports C. clothes D. subjects 34. A. or B. so C. for D. but 35. A. borrow B. wear C. receive D. sell 36. A. clean B. dry C. warm D. new 37. A. bring B. return C. compare D. repair 38. A. hand out B. throw away C. turn off D. pick up 39. A. money B. food C. paper D. water 40. A. helpful B. similar C. secret D. free 语篇解读 关键词 rules, school, clothes, food, phones, advice 主旨概要 本文是一篇应用文。萨拉写信给布鲁斯，向他介绍了自己所在学校的一些校规，并给布鲁斯提出了相关建议，希望对他有所帮助。 语言知识 重难点词 anyway ［用于转换话题或结束谈话］对了，好吧，总之；comfortable 舒适的；pretty 很，非常；require 要求，规定；advice 建议；helpful 有帮助的 重要词块 thanks for … 感谢……；hear from sb 收到某人的来信；look forward to … 盼望 / 期待……；be strict about … 对……要求严格；first of all 首先；had better do sth 最好做某事；turn off the phones 关闭手机；put the phones on silent 把手机调成静音；during the break 休息期间；in short 总之，简言之；worry about 担心 长难句 1. The school’s pretty strict about phones—of course you can bring them, but you have to turn off the phones and keep them in a place as you are required before class. 句意为：学校对手机的要求非常严格——你当然可以带手机，但必须关机，并在课前把它们放在规定的地方。 as 意为“按照”，引导方式状语从句。 2. And tell me if there’s anything else you need to know. 句意为：如果你还有什么需要知道的就告诉我。本句的主句是祈使句 tell me，if 意为“如果”，引导条件状语从句。 题号 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 考点 名词 形容词 名词 连词 动词 形容词 动词 短语动词 名词 形容词 答案与解析 31. D 根据下文可知，作者主要介绍了一些校规。rule 意为“规则”，符合语境。 32. A 根据下文的“but there are a few things you need to know”可知， 这所学校对大多数事情不是很“严格”。strict 意为“严格的”，符合语境。 33. C 根据下文的“You can wear what you want”“you can’t wear jeans”以及“you’d better bring … clothes”可知，首先介绍的校规是“服装”。故选 C。 34. D 根据上文的“You can wear …”以及下文的“you can’t wear …”可知，前后句是转折关系，故用连词 but。 35. B 根据上文的“wear jeans with holes in them”可知，此处指“穿”舒适的衣服。故选 B。 36. C 根据上文的“it’ll be cold when you’re here”可知，此处建议带些“暖和的”衣服。故选 C。 37. A 根据下文的“keep them in a place as … class”可知，学生可以“带”手机到学校，但上课前必须放在规定的地方。bring 意为“带来”，符合语境。 38. C 根据下文的“You can’t just put them on silent”可推知，把手机调静音并不够，需要“关掉”手机。turn off 意为“关掉”，符合语境。 39. B 根据下文的“but you must eat it … break”可知，此处指“食物”。故选 B。 40. A 通读全文并结合上文的“don’t have to worry about anything here”可推知，作者希望这些建议对 Bruce 是“有帮助的”。故选 A。 3、 完形填空（2022年安徽中考真题） Your brain doesn’t have to do anything extra (额外的) to tell the truth. You think of what you want to say, and you say it. Lying ____21____ much more work. Here’s an ____22____ of what goes into a simple lie. Imagine you’re late for class and the teacher asks ____23____ and you decide to lie. You now have to either came up with a story or remember the story you ____24____ as you were rushing to class. So you say, “I had to stop by the ____25____ and borrowed a book.” Your teacher asks, “The book I recommended (推荐) last period?” You must decide how to answer ____26____. If you say yes, the teacher might ask you to show her the book. Or she might ____27____ you to read from it in class. If you say it is a ____28____ book, she might ask which book you’ve checked out. So you have to be ready with the ____29____ of another book and make sure it’s a book the school library owns. You give your ____30____ a ton of extra work! Why not just tell the truth? It’s much easier. 21. A. refuses B. avoids C. takes D. fixes 22. A. example B. ability C. interview D. agreement 23. A. when B. who C. why D. which 24. A. listened to B. made up C. wrote down D. left behind 25. A. store B. gate C. station D. library 26. A. recently B. secretly C. angrily D. quickly 27. A. expect B. help C. hate D. pay 28. A. boring B. personal C. cheap D. different 29. A. cover B. name C. price D. size 30. A. book B. exam C. brain D. class 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. D 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文告诉我们说谎需要大脑做更多的工作，所以与其撒谎，不如说实话。 【21题详解】 句意：说谎需要更多的工作。 refuses拒绝；avoids避免；takes拿，花费；fixes修理。根据“Lying...much more work.”可知，撒谎需要花费更多的时间，故选C。 【22题详解】 句意：下面是一个简单谎言的例子。 example例子；ability能力；interview采访；agreement同意。根据文章内容可知，此处举例说明作者的观点，故选A。 【23题详解】 句意：假设你上课迟到了，老师问你为什么，你决定撒谎。 when何时；who谁；why为什么；which哪一个。根据“Imagine you’re late for class and the teacher asks...and you decide to lie.”可知，你迟到了，老师会问原因，故选C。 【24题详解】 句意：你现在要么想出一个故事，要么记住你在赶去上课时编的故事。 listened to听；made up组成，编造；wrote down写下；left behind留下。根据“You now have to either came up with a story or remember the story you...as you were rushing to class.”可知，是编造故事说自己为什么迟到，故选B。 【25题详解】 句意：我去图书馆借了一本书。 store商店；gate大门；station车站；library图书馆。根据“borrowed a book”和“make sure it’s a book the school library owns”可知，是在图书馆借书，故选D。 【26题详解】 句意：你必须决定如何快速回答。 recently最近；secretly秘密地；angrily生气地；quickly迅速地。根据“You must decide how to answer...”可知，必须要快速回答问题，故选D。 【27题详解】 句意：或者她可能希望你在课堂上朗读。 expect期待；help帮助；hate讨厌；pay付钱。根据“Or she might...you to read from it in class.”可知，老师希望你在课堂上读这本书，expect sb to do sth“希望/期待某人做某事”，故选A。 【28题详解】 句意：所以你必须准备好另一本书的名字，确保它是学校图书馆拥有的书。 boring无聊的；personal个人的；cheap便宜的；different不同的。根据“If you say it is a...book”可知，这本书不是老师推荐的那本，即不同的书，故选D。 【29题详解】 句意：所以你必须准备好另一本书的名字，确保它是学校图书馆拥有的书。 cover封面；name名字；price价格；size尺寸。根据“So you have to be ready with the...of another book and make sure it’s a book the school library owns.”可知，要想出另一本书的名字，故选B。 【30题详解】 句意：你给了你的大脑大量额外的工作！ book书；exam考试；brain大脑；class班级。此处呼应文章首句“Your brain doesn’t have to do anything extra (额外的) to tell the truth.”，撒谎给了你的大脑大量额外的工作，故选C。 4、 完形填空（2021年安徽中考真题） It is a basic ability for humans to tell more from less. Surprisingly, a number of animals ___21___ this ability too. They will ___22___ more of something. Horses, for example, will go for a group of three apples instead of two apples. This ability is ___23___ to animals in lots of ways. It helps them ___24___ the larger group of friends. Many fishes, for example, join groups for ___25___. If a predator (掠食动物) comes, a fish in a group of 40 is less possible to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10. So if a fish has a choice between two groups, it’s safer to join the ___26___ one. A sense of number even helps keep the ___27___. For example, a monkey group will avoid fights with other groups when they find their ___28___ is not an advantage. Also, the ability to do simple ___29___ is a sure thing for some animals. They ___30___ the difference between one, two, and three. Some others can count much higher than three. 21. A. have B. miss C. doubt D. hate 22. A. grow B. cook C. pick D. leave 23. A. fresh B. useful C. correct D. direct 24. A. hide B. beat C. push D. find 25. A. safety B. holiday C. discussion D. exercise 26. A. faster B. larger C. busier D. quieter 27. A. secret B. interest C. peace D. record 28. A. age B. number C. time D. speed 29. A. counting B. jumping C. dancing D. swimming 30. A. mix B. like C. ask D. know 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. C 28. B 29. A 30. D 【解析】 【分析】本文主要讲述了动物辨别多少的能力对它们的帮助。 【21题详解】 句意：令人惊讶的是，许多动物也有这个能力。 have有；miss错过；doubt怀疑；hate憎恨。根据“this ability”可知，此处表示有这个能力，故选A。 【22题详解】 句意：它们会选择更多的东西。 grow生长；cook烹饪；pick选择；leave离开。根据“for example, will go for a group of three apples instead of two apples”可知，在多与少之间，会选择更多的，故选C。 【23题详解】 句意：这种能力在很多方面对动物都很有用。 fresh新鲜的；useful有用的；correct正确的；direct直接的。根据“It helps them…”可知，这种能力对它们是有帮助的，故选B。 【24题详解】 句意：这能帮助它们找到更多的朋友。 hide隐藏；beat击败；push推动；find寻找。根据“the larger group of friends”可知，是寻找更多的朋友，故选D。 【25题详解】 句意：例如，许多鱼类为了安全而加入群体。 safety安全；holiday假日；discussion讨论；exercise锻炼。根据“a fish in a group of 40 is less possible to become lunch than a fish in a group of 10”可知，鱼加入群体是为了安全，故选A。 【26题详解】 句意：所以如果一条鱼在两组鱼中有选择，加入大的那一组会更安全。 faster更快的；larger更大的；busier更忙的；quieter更安静的。根据“It helps them …the larger group of friends”可知，此段介绍的就是动物会选择加入更大的群体，故选B。 【27题详解】 句意：数字感甚至有助于维持和平。 secret秘密；interest兴趣；peace和平；record记录。根据“a monkey group will avoid fights with other groups”可知，避免了斗争，也就是维持和平，故选C。 【28题详解】 句意：例如，当猴子群体发现数量不是优势时，它们会避免与其他群体发生冲突。 age年龄；number数字；time时间；speed速度。根据“A sense of number even helps keep the…”可知，是发现自己的群体数量没有优势时，就尽量避免冲突，故选B。 【29题详解】 句意：此外，简单的计数能力对一些动物来说是肯定的。 counting数数；jumping跳跃；dancing跳舞；swimming游泳。根据“Some others can count much higher than three”可知，此处指“数数”能力，故选A。 【30题详解】 句意：它们知道1、2和3之间的区别。 mix混合；like喜欢；ask要求；know知道。根据“the difference between one, two, and three”可知，是知道这几个数字之间的区别，故选D。 · 五大方法速判句内层次题 解题信息分布在本句内，在读懂文章的前提下，利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目，可边读边填，将原文信息尽量复原。 1． 利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题 完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式，这时就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。这个技巧主要指惯用搭配，讲究词与词的搭配，涉及到关联词、动词、副词、形容词、名词和短语等。 [示例]　I then made it a point to __55__ those meetings and learn all I could. 55. A．chair　　　　　B．sponsor C．attend D．organize [解析]　C　本题可以利用固定结构解题。attend a meeting出席会议，是固定搭配。 2． 利用生活常识和文化背景解题 完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。在做题时，若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识，巧妙地加以运用，特别是注意中西文化的差异，将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程，节省宝贵的时间，顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。 [示例]　Just last year, I was 56.conducting a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door. A woman __57__ the interruption and handed me an envelope. 57．A.regretted B．avoided C．excused D．ignored [解析]　C　此题可利用生活常识和文化背景解题。作者正在上课，因此根据生活常识，打断作者上课应该请求原谅。 3．利用对应成分分析法解题 完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系，它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分，将它作为线索，通过它推断出未知填空的答案。 [示例]To __51__ the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment，more governments are requiring people to recycle materials. 51．A.show B．record C．decrease D．measure [解析]　C　本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。第51题与protect形成对应关系。因为前面有and这一并列连词，并且and前后意思应该一致，我们可以很轻松地选出正确答案C项(decrease“减少”)。 [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable [解析]该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案C。 4.利用逻辑关系解题 此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案，主要应用于完形填空的两类题型：一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语，二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。 [示例]　We went 10­1 and I was named most valuable player, __28__I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Miller’s 29.accident． 28．A.and B．then C．but D．thus [解析]　C　本题考查连词。通过分析得知本填空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系，因此答案是but。and表示并列关系；then表示顺承关系；thus表示因果关系。连词的作用就是将其前后文的已知信息衔接起来，因此可以利用逻辑关系来解题，即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应该填入表达何种逻辑关系的短语。 [示例]... got me rock-bottom prices on airfares, cars, and hotels. But her cold voice really 28 me. 28. A. annoyed B. interested C. discouraged D. confused [解析] A But是这里的语篇标记语，表示转折关系。由此我们可推测，尽管作者的旅行社经纪人总是能给他买到最低价的机票等，但是她冷冰冰的声音着实让作者不开心，故annoyed 符合此处语境。 5. 利用语境暗示分析法解题 上下文语境具体体现为：全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中，我们通常可以通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。 [示例]　The 38.trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan, Prague, Paris, Bangkok and New Delhi before __39__ in Toronto on January 8. 39．A.ending B．calling C．repeating D．staying [解析]　A　本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。由前面的start可知旅行开始时间，因此我们可以快速地选出ending旅行的结束时间。 [示例] When you revise, you change aspects of your work in 54 to your evolving purpose, or to include 55 ideas or newly discovered information. 55. A. fixed B. ambitious C. familiar D. fresh [解析] D fresh ideas 与本句后面的newly discovered information对应。 · 四种方法智取句组层次题 比句内层次题稍难一级的题目，其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中，解题时需前瞻后顾，综合意群信息解答。即：本句信息不足填，空格前后再找信息源。 1．利用语义复现解题 复现是一种语义衔接手段，它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念，使整篇文章上下连贯，有机地衔接在一起。因此，考生可根据文章的具体情况，理解文章的结构和语境，利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。 [示例]　While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life，college sets the stage for that exploration. I myself went through this __41__ process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better：I discovered ASL—American Sign Language(美式手语)． 41．A.searching B．planning C．natural D．formal [解析] A　本题可利用语义复现解题。由上文中的explore new aspects of life可知，所填词与explore(探索)在词义上相近，故选searching(寻找)。planning计划；natural自然的；formal正式的。 [示例]　Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49 . This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. Good 50 make meals more enjoyable for everyone at the table. 50.A. dishes B. manners C. atmospheres D. friends 【解析】B 我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇 manners。故答案为 B。 [示例]　This is what happens on long submarine（潜水艇） voyages. It will also happen on 47 space flights in the future. Will there be special problems of adjustment under such conditions? 47．A.long B.fast C.dangerous D.direct 【解析】A 我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇long [示例]　Many firms already claim to be “customer-driven” or “consumer-centered”. Now their 62 will be tested as never before. 62.A. information B. investment C. claims D. shops 【解析】C 我们可以很容易地找到设空部分的解题线索——上文的复现词汇claim。 2． 利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题 在完形填空文章中，我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中，仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇，它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索，可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案或根据作者对人物或事情的褒贬性排除干扰做出正确的选择。 【示例】Good manners at mealtimes help you and those around you to feel 49. This is true at home as much as it is true in someone else’s home or in a restaurant. 49. A. comfortable B. stressed C. depressed D. outstanding 【解析】A 本题考查形容词辨析，前三个选项往往用来形容人的情感，意思分别是“舒服的”、“压力的”、“沮丧的”；后一个选项常用来指人的才能，意思是“杰出的、非凡的”。单从语法来说，每一个选项似乎都对，但是结合句意“好的用餐礼仪会使你和你周围的人感到舒服”，显然只能选A。 【示例】The law of over learning explains why cramming (突击学习) for an examination, 62(though) it may result in a passing grade, is not a 63 way to learn a school course. 63. A. convenient B. demanding C. satisfactory D. swift 【解析】读懂作者的态度，即可理解本句意为“超量学习的原理解释了为什么虽然应付考试的突击学习可以帮助你及格，但不是一种学习学校课程的好方法”。这里的“好”就是“令人满意的”，最能体现作者对事物的态度，所以答案为C。 [示例] When men are held up together for a long period, they begin to feel uneasy. Everyone has little habits of speaking and behaving that are ordinarily acceptable. In the limited space over a long period of time, however, these little habits may become very 50 . 50．A．pleasing B．annoying C．common D．valuable 【解析】B 结合上下文，意思是在狭小的空间里呆的时间过长，平时习惯的小动作也变得令人不能容忍了。上文they begin to feel uneasy是提示。A项“令人高兴的”、C项“普通的”、D项“有价值的”意思都不符合语境。只有B项annoying与上文中的uneasy在作者的情感态度上最接近。 3．利用逻辑关系解题 在句组层次题中，利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 [示例] Are your table manners much better when you are eating at a friend’s home or in a restaurant than they are at your own home? Probably so, 45 you are aware that people judge you by your table manners. 45. A. because B. but C. unless D. though 【解析】 A 你之所以在朋友家或餐馆的用餐礼仪比在自家时要好，是因为你知道人们会据此来评判一个人文明程度。不难判断 “you are aware that people judge you by your table manners”是表达前文的理由，用连词because。 [示例]　A pupil who can do his homework in a quiet and 59 room is in a much better position than a pupil who does his homework in a small, noisy room with the television on. 59. A. furnished B. expensive C. comfortable D. suitable 【解析】　该题利用相似短语之间的对比关系来命题。设空部分与下文的a small, noisy room with the television on存在对比关系。作者想借此说明“相同的作业”对于“不同家庭背景的学生”所表现出的事实上的不公平。答案为C。 4．利用语境暗示分析法解题 在句组层次中，有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境，即根据已知信息，推导出正确答案。 [示例]　During the war,my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there...... My husband was ordered out on a long-term duty,and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone...... 24 a soul to talk to . The wind blew non-stop ,and all the food I ate ,and the evry air I breathed,were 25 with sand , sand , sand ! 24. A. Only B. Not C. Many D.Such 【解析】：上下文语境分析法。根据上文a desert和alone，可知，没有一个人可以交谈。A.仅仅；B. 没有；C.很多；D.这样。故选B。 · 三种方法突破语篇层次题 语篇层次题要求考生理解整篇文章，抓住全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理，然后进行准确的推理、判断，从而做出正确的选择。这类题难度较大，一篇完形填空中，大约有2～3道此类题。 不急于解答，读完全文后综合思维再做判定。语篇层次题的解答必须立足于整个语篇，因此在解题时对这类题目不能急于解答，要跨越段落，顺藤摸瓜，仔细比对，最终得出答案。具体来说，可以利用以下3种方法解答此类题目。 1. 利用语义复现解题 由于完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，它往往要围绕一个话题论述，因此行文中词语的重复、替代或同现的现象是不可避免的，即某一词常常以原词、同义词或近义词以及其它形式重复出现在语篇之中。词汇复现的语用意义使得语篇中的句子相互衔接和连贯，从而构成一个完整和有机的意义整体。根据这一原则，某一个空格所对应的答案很可能就是在上下文中复现的相关词，考生可以这些词之间的有机联系来决定答案。 [示例] In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness when I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. My family persuaded me that a(n) 36 might be just what the doctor ordered, so off I 37 went . 36. A.holiday B.ceremony C.operation D.experiment .... I' ll never forget that wonderful lady who, through her 55 kindness , filled my brief holiday in Florida with wonderful memories. [解析] A 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A假期；B仪式；C手术；D实验；句义：在2012年我刚刚从一次严重的疾病中恢复过来，我收到了一个邀请我去奥兰多参加作家会议。我家人说服我一个这样的假期也许是医生要求我做的事情。生病的人需要假期来恢复身心。另外根据文章最后一句filled my brief holiday in Florida可知也应该指假期。 2. 利用总分结构或对比结构分析法解题 完形填空往往采用总分对照结构，总述是对分述的总结和概括，而分述是对总述的展开和详述，两者之间有着明确的相互支撑、相互印证的对照关系。总分对照结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。 对比结构常把两种对立的事物或同一事物的两个不同方面并列出来加以比较或对比。高考完形填空题常常利用句子之间的对比关系或者同一个句子的不同部分之间的对比关系设计题目。对比结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。 [示例]　He had always been interested in medicine and had read a book, which discussed the idea of how body chemistry and health can be damaged by emotional stress and negative __47__. The book made Cousins think about the possible __48__ of positive attitudes and emotions. 47. A. attitudes B. beliefs C. goals D. positions 48. A. shortcoming B. harm C. benefit D. interest 【解析】　这两题均考查根据上下文选择正确的名词。上句意为“……书中讨论到紧张的情绪和消极的。。。都会损害人体组织和健康”。紧接着下句，意为“这本书使Cousins考虑到，积极的态度和情感可能带来的.....”。上句中的negative attitude, damaged等词与下句中的positive attitude, benefit形成对照，是解题关键。故47题A选项为正确答案；48题C为正确答案。 [示例] Be someone else! Look at the situation from a __62__ point of view. Good businessmen use this technique in trade, and so do writers. Fiction writers often imagine they are the __63__ in their books. They ask questions: What does this character want? Why can’t she get it? What changes must she make to get what she wants? If your goal involves other people, put yourself in their __64__. The best fishermen think like fish! 62. A. private B. global C. different D. practical 【解析】C 。只要用心都会注意到该段的开头一句话：Be someone else! 充当的作用：总领该段。故此选答案时应该照顾上下文。 3. 利用逻辑关系解题 在语篇层次题中，利用逻辑关系也是一种重要解题方法。完形填空中的每一个空格并非孤立存在的，命题者必须通过上下文体现出某种线索来保证空格所填答案的唯一性，而这一线索即是上下文乃至贯穿全文的逻辑关系，若在解题时忽视这一点，则无异于只见树木，不见森林。文章的逻辑关系不外乎有列举、因果、让步、对照、递进、目的、条件等，命题者往往借助于连词或介词短语来设置选项，因此在平时学习时就应该分清并牢记相关连词及介词短语所表示的逻辑关系。 [示例] Revision is not just an afterthought that gets only as much time as you have at the end of an assignment. 56 , it is a major stage of the writing process, and writers revise every step of the way. 56. A. However B. Moreover C. Instead D. Therefore 【解析】：B 副词Moreover类似与but also表递进含义，与前面句not just（only）呼应。副词However（然而，表转折关系）、Instead（作为替代、反而，表相反含义）、Therefore（因此，表原因）都不符题意。 【典例】 阅读下面短文，从各小题所给的四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Humans share the earth with a lot of wildlife. And they have lived in 31 with each other for thousands of years. But things have 32 nowadays. Many of our animal friends are in great danger. And even many of them are dying out from the earth. 33 , it is because of humans that animals are in this bad situation now. In order to increase human development, we may seriously harm the animals’ 34 . Human development has caused pollution in the oceans. And the land has also met the 35 problem. It is reported that three-quarters of the world’s land is polluted. Luckily, many people have realized that our behaviors (行为) in fact do harm to animals as well as to ourselves, 36 they must do something to save both animals and us. The World Wildlife Fund (基金会) has called on governments and businesses to protect nature. China has 37 many natural reserves (保护区). Experts also manage to protect animals from being killed. People have been taking steps in the right direction. It is really 38 news. The number of many animals has 39 . We are happy to see that some animals have even lived again in the places where they lived before. The protection of animals still has a long way to go. Anyway, to protect animals is to protect 40 . And we should live together with nature. 31．A．danger B．peace C．trouble D．public 32．A．lost B．realized C．changed D．continued 33．A．Sadly B．Suddenly C．Quickly D．Luckily 34．A．sky B．weather C．air D．home 35．A．safe B．same C．special D．simple 36．A．so B．if C．or D．as 37．A．looked for B．found out C．set up D．handed in 38．A．boring B．tiring C．interesting D．exciting 39．A．stopped B．increased C．dropped D．appeared 40．A．itself B．himself C．themselves D．ourselves 【答案】 31．B 32．C 33．A 34．D 35．B 36．A 37．C 38．D 39．B 40．D 【导语】本文介绍了人类对于保护动物所做出的努力。 31．句意：他们彼此和平相处了数千年。 danger危险；peace和平；trouble麻烦；public公众。根据上句“Humans share the earth with a lot of wildlife.”可知，人类与许多野生动物共享地球，推测是两者和平共处。in peace“和平地”，介词短语，故选B。 32．句意：但如今情况已经发生了变化。 lost丢失；realized意识到；changed改变；continued继续。根据“Many of our animal friends are in great danger.”可知，许多动物都处于极大的危险之中，即和原来情况有了变化，故选C。 33．句意：可悲的是，正是因为人类，动物现在才处于这种糟糕的境地。 Sadly令人遗憾地；Suddenly突然；Quickly快速地；Luckily幸运地。根据“it is because of humans that animals are in this bad situation now”可知，此处表示不好的事情，Sadly“令人遗憾地，可悲地”符合语境，故选A。 34．句意：通过促进人类的发展，我们最终可能会严重伤害动物的家园。 sky天空；weather天气；air空气；home家。根据“Human development has caused pollution in the oceans.”和“It is reported that three-quarters of the world’s land is polluted.”可知，海洋和土地都受到了污染。海洋和土地是动物的家园，故选D。 35．句意：土地也遇到了类似的问题。 safe安全的；same相同的；special特殊的；simple简单的。根据“Human development has caused pollution in the oceans.”和“It is reported that three-quarters of the world’s land is polluted.”可知，此处表达土地也受到了污染，即和海洋相似的问题。故选B。 36．句意：因此，他们很快就开始采取行动来拯救动物和我们。 so因此；if如果；or或者；as作为。根据“Luckily, many people have realized that our behaviors (行为) in fact do harm to animals as well as to ourselves, ...they must do something to save both animals and us.”可知，此处前后两个句子为因果关系，故选A。 37．句意：中国建立了许多自然保护区。 looked for寻找；found out发现；set up建立；handed in上交。根据“The World Wildlife Fund (基金会) has called on governments and businesses to protect nature. China has...many natural reserves (保护区). Experts also manage to protect animals from being killed.”可知，中国建立了自然保护区，故选C。 38．句意：人们一直在朝着正确的方向迈出步伐。这真是个令人兴奋的消息。 boring枯燥的；tiring累人的；interesting有趣的；exciting令人兴奋的。根据“People have been taking steps in the right direction.”可知，人们一直在朝着正确的方向迈出步伐，所以是令人兴奋的消息。故选D。 39．句意：许多动物的数量增加了。 stopped停止；increased增加；dropped下降；appeared出现。根据“We are happy to see that some animals have even lived again in the places where they lived before.”可知，动物的数量增加了，故选B。 40．句意：无论如何，保护动物就是保护我们自己。 itself它自己；himself他自己；themselves他们自己；ourselves我们自己。根据“And we should live together with nature.”可知，我们和动物应该与大自然共同生活，所以保护动物就是保护我们自己。故选D。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. The traditional Chinese calendar divides the year into 24 solar terms. Jingzhe (惊蛰), or Awakening of Insects, 1 on March 5 and ends on March 20 this year. During the solar term, the weather will get 2 and there will be more rainfall. Its name refers to the awakening (唤醒) of animals sleeping in winter by spring thunder (雷) and 3 begins to come back to life. In ancient times, people believed that the 4 of thunder awakened insects, which was common during this time. Modern scientific studies have shown that insects 5 because of the warm weather and moist soil (潮湿的土壤). Jingzhe is an important time for 6 . Old Chinese sayings such as “once Jingzhe comes, spring plowing (春耕) never rests” 7 the importance of this solar term to farmers. During this time, most parts of China experience fast—rising 8 , with more sunshine. All of these provide the best conditions for farming activities. Eating pears around this time is 9 in China. According to ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, the sweet and juicy (多汁的) pear is good for the lungs (肺) as the air becomes dry. This is very good for people’s health when people 10 parched (干裂的) mouths and dry tongues (舌头) because of the changing weather. 1．A．succeeds B．spreads C．falls D．fails 2．A．warmer B．braver C．safer D．freer 3．A．everything B．nothing C．anything D．something 4．A．sound B．smell C．taste D．touch 5．A．grow up B．give up C．wake up D．make up 6．A．workers B．farmers C．neighbors D．doctors 7．A．push B．warn C．check D．show 8．A．shapes B．prices C．sizes D．temperatures 9．A．strict B．friendly C．popular D．kind 10．A．help B．experience C．build D．choose 【答案】 1．C 2．A 3．A 4．A 5．C 6．B 7．D 8．D 9．C 10．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国传统二十四节气中的“惊蛰”节气。 1．句意：惊蛰，即昆虫的觉醒，于今年3月5日开始至3月20日结束。 succeeds成功；spreads传播；falls发生；fails失败。根据下文“ends on March 20 this year”可知，此处是指今年的节气是在3月5日开始，3月20日结束。故选C。 2．句意：节气期间，天气会变暖，降雨也会更多。 warmer更温暖的；braver更勇敢的；safer更安全的；freer更自由的。根据常识可知，惊蛰后天气变暖，雨水增多。故选A。 3．句意：它的名字指的是冬天睡觉的动物被春雷唤醒，万物开始复苏。 everything所有事物；nothing没有什么；anything任何事物；something某事、某物。根据句意可知，此处是指万物开始复苏，应用不定代词everything。故选A。 4．句意：在古代，人们认为雷声会惊醒昆虫，这在这段时间很常见。 sound声音；smell气味；taste味道；touch触觉。根据下文“awakened insects”可知，此处是指雷声会惊醒昆虫。故选A。 5．句意：现代科学研究表明，昆虫醒来是因为温暖的天气和潮湿的土壤。 grow up成长；give up放弃；wake up醒来；make up编造。根据下文“because of the warm weather and moist soil”可知，此处是指昆虫醒来是因为温暖的天气和潮湿的土壤。故选C。 6．句意：惊蛰是农民的重要时刻。 workers工人；farmers农民；neighbors邻居；doctors医生。根据下文“once Jingzhe comes, spring plowing never rests”可知，此处是指惊蛰是农民的重要时刻。故选B。 7．句意：“惊蛰一到，春耕不歇”等中国古语表明了这个节气对农民的重要性。 push推；warn警告；check检查；show表明。根据下文“the importance of this solar term to farmers”可知，此处是指“惊蛰一到，春耕不歇”等中国古语表明了这个节气对农民的重要性。故选D。 8．句意：在此期间，中国大部分地区气温快速上升，日照增多。 shapes形状；prices价格；sizes尺码；temperatures温度；根据下文“with more sunshine”可知，此处是指中国大部分地区气温快速上升。故选D。 9．句意：这个时候吃梨在中国很流行。 strict严肃的；friendly友好的；popular受欢迎的；kind友善的。根据下文“According to ideas of traditional Chinese medicine, the sweet and juicy pear is good for the lungs as the air becomes dry.”可知，此处是指这个时候吃梨在中国很流行。故选C。 10．句意：当人们经历天气变化而口干舌燥时，这对人们的健康非常有益。 help帮助；experience经历；build修建；choose选择。根据上文“This is very good for people’s health”可知，此处是指当人们经历天气变化而口干舌燥时，这对人们的健康非常有益。故选B。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Everyone may compare with someone else. Scientists say it’s 11 and it can help humans learn from each other, live happily together and achieve more. 12 comparing can be good for you, it can get your stuck in trouble. This is when you have the habit of measuring (衡量) yourself against others and 13 let your feelings be influenced by others. Comparisons can make us feel good or bad about ourselves. “Comparing up” means seeing someone doing 14 than you. That drives you to 15 a higher goal and try harder. However, sometimes it makes you less sure about your ability and 16 your confidence. “Comparing down” is when you see someone who seems like they are not doing as well as you. It can also stop you making progress or even make you feel 17 . So, try 18 the comparison trap (陷阱). Notice how people make you feel and spend time with friends who celebrate your 19 rather than comparing themselves with you. Finally, pay attention to your own ability and how you can make 20 . The best person you can compete with is yourself. 11．A．wrong B．strange C．natural D．free 12．A．Although B．If C．Unless D．Because 13．A．seldom B．always C．never D．sometimes 14．A．worse B．slower C．longer D．better 15．A．wait for B．put off C．leave out D．set up 16．A．needs B．shows C．breaks D．builds 17．A．excited B．proud C．nervous D．happy 18．A．finding B．making C．accepting D．avoiding 19．A．experiences B．advantages C．mistakes D．differences 20．A．money B．progress C．noise D．sense 【答案】 11．C 12．A 13．B 14．D 15．D 16．C 17．B 18．D 19．B 20．B 【导语】本文讨论了比较的利与弊，建议人们避免陷入比较陷阱，关注自己的进步。 11．句意：科学家说这是正常的，它可以帮助人们互相学习，快乐地生活在一起并取得更多成就。 wrong错误的；strange奇怪的；natural合乎常理的；free自由的。根据“Everyone may compare with someone else.”可知，比较是很正常的现象。故选C。 12．句意：虽然比较对你有好处，但它也可能让你陷入困境。 Although虽然；If如果；Unless除非；Because因为。前后句之间是让步关系。故选A。 13．句意：这是当你有衡量自己与他人的习惯并且总是让你的情绪受到他人影响的时候。 seldom很少；always总是；never从不；sometimes有时。根据“let your feelings be influenced by others.”可知，此处表示总是习惯于衡量自己与他人相比。故选B。 14．句意：“向上比较”意味着看到某人做得比你更好。 worse更差；slower更慢；longer更长；better更好。根据“higher goal and try harder.”可知，此处是指看到某人做得比你更好，你才会更努力。故选D。 15．句意：这会驱使你设定更高的目标并更加努力。 wait for等待；put off推迟；leave out忽略；set up设定。根据“a higher goal and try harder.”可知，“向上比较”驱使你设定更高的目标并更加努力。故选D。 16．句意：然而，有时它会让你对自己的能力不那么确定并打击你的信心。 needs需要；shows展示；breaks打破，打击；builds建立。根据“makes you less sure about your ability and...your confidence.”可知，此处是说弊端，会打击你的信心。故选C。 17．句意：它也可以阻止你取得进步，甚至让你感到骄傲。 excited兴奋的；proud骄傲的；nervous紧张的；happy高兴的。根据“Comparing down”可知，向下比较会让你感到骄傲。故选B。 18．句意：所以，尽量避免比较陷阱。 finding发现；making制造；accepting接受；avoiding避免。根据“let your feelings be influenced by others.”可知，比较会让你受到他人影响，因此要避免比较陷阱。故选D。 19．句意：注意那些让你感觉良好并与你一起庆祝你优点的朋友。 experiences经验；advantages优点；mistakes错误；differences差异。根据“Notice how people make you feel and spend time with friends who celebrate your”可知，要花时间与那些庆祝你优点的朋友在一起。故选B。 20．句意：最后，关注你自己的能力以及如何取得进步。 money金钱；progress进步；noise噪音；sense感觉。根据“how you can make”和“It can also stop you making progress”可知，要关注自己如何取得进步。故选B。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Open AI released (发布) ChatGPT on November 30, 2022. It soon 21 great attention and caused much discussion online. What is the magic of ChatGPT that makes people so crazy about it? ChatGPT is an AI model that can 22 with humans in natural language. It was considered to be one of the most advanced (先进的) chat bot technologies. It can understand and reply to messages 23 a human-like way. Many people find ChatGPT to be 24 to talk to. Some even say that they have had more interesting conversations with ChatGPT than with some of their real-life friends! Many companies and organizations are exploring the use of ChatGPT to 25 customer service. However, it’s important to remember that ChatGPT is still not 26 . Sometimes it may misunderstand what you’re trying to say or provide wrong information. So it’s always a good idea to check 27 information you get from an AI chat bot to make sure it’s correct. 28 there are some disadvantages, ChatGPT is a wonderful technology that allows AI to communicate with humans in whole new ways. Whether you’re interested in gaming, customer service, 29 just have a friendly conversation, ChatGPT is worth exploring. So next time when you’re looking for someone to chat with, why not try ChatGPT? You never know what interesting 30 it may tell you! 21．A．paid B．got C．lost D．found 22．A．communicate B．play C．speak D．fly 23．A．on B．at C．in D．of 24．A．boring B．stupid C．interesting D．silly 25．A．improve B．change C．refuse D．avoid 26．A．terrible B．perfect C．dangerous D．strange 27．A．some B．any C．much D．no 28．A．As if B．Now that C．Even though D．After all 29．A．and B．but C．or D．then 30．A．orders B．secrets C．lies D．stories 【答案】 21．B 22．A 23．C 24．C 25．A 26．B 27．B 28．C 29．C 30．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了一种人工智能聊天模型——ChatGPT。 21．句意：它很快得到了极大的关注，并在网上引起了很多讨论。 paid支付；got得到；lost失去；found发现。根据“It soon…great attention and caused much discussion online.”可知，此处指它很快得到了很大的关注。故选B。 22．句意：ChatGPT是一个可以用自然语言与人类交流的AI模型。 communicate交流；play玩；speak说；fly飞。根据“ChatGPT is an AI model that can…with humans in natural language.”可知，此处指ChatGPT是一个可以用自然语言与人类交流的AI模型，communicate with sb.“与某人交流”，动词短语。故选A。 23．句意：它能以类似人类的方式理解和回复消息。 on在……上；at在……时刻；in以……方式；of属于……的。根据“It can understand and reply to messages…a human-like way.”可知，此处指“以类似人类的方式”，应用介词in。故选C。 24．句意：许多人发现与ChatGPT交谈很有趣。 boring无聊的；stupid笨拙的；interesting有趣的；silly愚蠢的。根据下文“Some even say that they have had more interesting conversations with ChatGPT than with some of their real-life friends!”可知，此处指许多人发现与ChatGPT对话很有趣。故选C。 25．句意：许多公司和组织都在探索使用ChatGPT来改善客户服务。 improve提高；change改变；refuse拒绝；avoid避免。根据“Many companies and organizations are exploring the use of ChatGPT to…customer service.”可知，此处指“改善客户服务”，应用improve“提高”。故选A。 26．句意：然而，重要的是要记住，ChatGPT仍然不是完美的。 terrible糟糕的；perfect完美的；dangerous危险的；strange陌生的。根据下文“Sometimes it may misunderstand what you’re trying to say or provide wrong information.”可知，此处指ChatGPT仍然不完美。故选B。 27．句意：因此，检查你从人工智能聊天机器人那里获得的任何信息以确保其正确，这总是一个好主意。 some一些；any任何；much很多；no没有。根据“check…information you get from an AI chat bot to make sure it’s correct”可知，此处指检查你从人工智能聊天机器人那里获得的任何信息以确保其正确，而不是其中的一部分，应用any“任何”。故选B。 28．句意：尽管有一些缺点，但ChatGPT是一项奇妙的技术，它允许人工智能以全新的方式与人类交流。 As if好像；Now that既然；Even though尽管；After all毕竟。根据“…there are some disadvantages, ChatGPT is a wonderful technology that allows AI to communicate with humans in whole new ways.”可知，前后句为转折关系，ChatGPT尽管有一些缺点，但ChatGPT是一项奇妙的技术，它允许人工智能以全新的方式与人类交流；此处应用Even though引导让步状语从句。故选C。 29．句意：无论你是对游戏、客户服务、还是只是对友好的交谈感兴趣，ChatGPT都值得探索。 and和；but但是；or或者，否则；then然后。根据“Whether you’re interested in gaming, customer service…just have a friendly conversation, ChatGPT is worth exploring.”可知，此处指无论你是对游戏、客户服务、还是只是对友好的交谈感兴趣，ChatGPT都值得探索；此句为whether引导的让步状语从句，whether…or…“无论……还是……”，固定搭配。故选C。 30．句意：你永远不知道它可能会给你讲你什么有趣的故事！ orders顺序；secrets秘密；lies谎言；stories故事。根据上文“So next time when you’re looking for someone to chat with, why not try ChatGPT?”可知，此处指你永远不知道ChatGPT可能会给你讲你什么有趣的故事。故选D。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. According to the World Health Organization(WHO), loneliness can be as bad for one’s health as smoking 15 cigarettes (香烟) a day. In many countries, even young people are now feeling 31 . What can be done to fight this widespread loneliness? Asa Koski is a social scientist in Lulea, Sweden. She believes one solution is to 32 people to say hello to strangers. So she recently started the “Sag hej!(Say hi!)” 33 . In Lulea, winters there are long and cold, 34 the average temperature can drop to -15 ℃. But Koski doesn’t think the 35 alone has caused young Swedes to feel lonely. An ever-growing 36 on digital (数码的) technology is a far bigger reason. American-born student Lauren Ell first came to Sweden in 2006. Like Koski, she 37 thinks digital technology is part of the problem. Even in 2006, many of her classmates would just go home after school and 38 video games. She thinks the “Sag hej!” project could be a good way to start 39 the problem. “Saying hello to someone 40 a message that you’re willing to stop and chat or to help if there’s a problem. For some people, that can really make a difference,” says Koski. 31．A．active B．lonely C．creative D．friendly 32．A．encourage B．remember C．allow D．invite 33．A．class B．team C．group D．project 34．A．but B．or C．and D．so 35．A．weather B．food C．work D．study 36．A．hate B．trust C．doubt D．research 37．A．still B．even C．only D．also 38．A．hide B．play C．avoid D．refuse 39．A．solving B．finding C．considering D．accepting 40．A．gives up B．puts off C．sends out D．keeps away 【答案】 31．B 32．A 33．D 34．C 35．A 36．B 37．D 38．B 39．A 40．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了瑞典的一个城市开展了一个叫“打招呼”的活动。 31．句意：在许多国家，甚至年轻人现在也感到孤独。 active积极的；lonely孤独的；creative具有创造性的；friendly友好的。根据下文“What can be done to fight this widespread loneliness?”可知，此处是指感到孤独。故选B。 32．句意：她认为，解决办法之一是鼓励人们向陌生人打招呼。 encourage鼓励；remember记住；allow允许；invite邀请。根据“She believes one solution is to...people to say hello to strangers.”可知，此处是指鼓励人们向陌生人打招呼。故选A。 33．句意：所以她最近开始了“Sag hej!”(说嗨！)”项目。 class班级；team团队；group小组；project项目。根据下文“She thinks the ‘Sag hej!’ project could be a good way to start...the problem.”可知，此处是指项目。故选D。 34．句意：在吕勒奥，冬天漫长而寒冷，平均气温可降至-15℃。 but但是，表示转折；or或者，表示选择；and并且，表示并列或者顺承；so所以，表示结果。根据“In Lulea, winters there are long and cold,...the average temperature can drop to -15 ℃.”可知，空前空后之间是并列关系。故选C。 35．句意：但科斯基并不认为天气是导致瑞典年轻人感到孤独的唯一原因。 36．weather天气；food食物；work工作；study学习。根据上文“In Lulea, winters there are long and cold,...the average temperature can drop to -15 ℃.”可知，此处是指天气。故选A。 句意：对数字技术日益增长的信任是一个更大的原因。 hate讨厌；trust信任；doubt怀疑；research研究。根据“An ever-growing...on digital (数码的) technology is a far bigger reason.”可知，此处是指信赖数字技术。故选B。 句意：和科斯基一样，她也认为数字技术是问题的一部分。 still仍然；even甚至；only仅仅；also也。根据“Like Koski”可知，此处是指也认为。故选D。 句意：即使在2006年，她的许多同学也会在放学后回家玩电子游戏。 hide隐藏；play玩；avoid避免；refuse拒绝。根据“Even in 2006, many of her classmates would just go home after school and...video games.”可知，此处是指玩电子游戏。故选B。 句意：她认为“Sag hej!”项目可能是开始解决问题的好方法。 solving解决；finding找到；considering考虑；accepting接受。根据“She thinks the ‘Sag hej!’ project could be a good way to start...the problem.”可知，此处是指解决问题。故选A。 37．句意：“跟别人打招呼”会发出这样的信息：如果有问题，你愿意停下来聊天或提供帮助。 gives up放弃；puts off推迟；sends out发出；keeps away远离。根据““Saying hello to someone...a message that you’re willing to stop and chat or to help if there’s a problem.”可知，此处是指发出信息。故选C。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Did you know that more than 65 percent of all people in China own a smartphone? Smartphones are very 41 . They can help you to connect with other people in the screen. You can take photos, play games or even study. But what is the bad 42 ? Many people spend at least 4 hours a day using their phones. That’s 1,460 hours a year. If we 43 smartphones too much, they can become harmful. Smartphones may be addictive (上瘾的), and this may lead to 44 use. It is even more true for teenagers and young adults. People can lose 45 in face-to-face communication. They can become worried when they can’t 46 their smartphone. Smartphone addiction can also negatively influence students’ school grades. What about our sleep? Many studies have shown that too long 47 time is bad for our sleep. This is because playing smartphones keeps people in an excited state. It makes people hard to 48 and even harder to wake up in the morning. Therefore, if you have a smartphone, it could have a bad influence on your health. It’s a good idea to 49 your own screen time to avoid future problems. After all, health always comes first, although it’s also important to take full advantage of 50 . Try reducing the time you spend on screens of smartphones! 41．A．clean B．small C．expensive D．convenient 42．A．influence B．habit C．design D．idea 43．A．buy B．use C．produce D．change 44．A．creative B．smart C．enough D．improper 45．A．sight B．interest C．balance D．money 46．A．raise B．show C．hold D．repair 47．A．screen B．study C．work D．rest 48．A．stay alive B．live alone C．look ahead D．fall asleep 49．A．increase B．control C．spare D．find 50．A．time B．body C．technology D．communication 【答案】 41．D 42．A 43．B 44．D 45．B 46．C 47．A 48．D 49．B 50．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了智能手机的利弊。 41．句意：智能手机非常方便。 clean干净的；small小的；expensive贵的；convenient方便的。根据“They can help you to connect with other people in the screen. You can take photos, play games or even study.”可知，智能手机非常方便，故选D。 42．句意：但坏处是什么？ influence影响；habit习惯；design设计；idea主意。根据“Many people spend at least 4 hours a day using their phones.”可知，此处是说智能手机不好的影响，故选A。 43．句意：如果我们过度使用智能手机，它们可能会造成危害。 buy买；use使用；produce生产；change改变。根据“we...smartphones too much”可知，这里指过度使用智能手机，故选B。 44．句意：智能手机可能会让人上瘾，并导致不当使用。 creative有创造力的；smart聪明的；enough足够的；improper不恰当的。根据“Smartphones may be addictive (上瘾的)”可知，这里指会导致不当使用，故选D。 45．句意：人们可能会对面对面的交流失去兴趣。 sight视力；interest兴趣；balance平衡；money钱。根据“lose...in face-to-face communication”可知，这里指对面对面的交流失去兴趣，故选B。 46．句意：当他们没有持有他们的智能手机时，他们就会变得担心。 raise提高；show展示；hold持有；repair修理。根据“when they can’t...their smartphone”可知，这里指持有智能手机，故选C。 47．句意：许多研究表明，屏幕时间过长不利于睡眠。 screen屏幕；study学习；work工作；rest休息。根据“too long...time is bad for our sleep”可知，这里指屏幕时间过长不利于睡眠，故选A。 48．句意：它使人难以入睡，早上更难醒来。 stay alive活着；live alone独自住；look ahead向前看；fall asleep睡着。根据“even harder to wake up in the morning”可知，这里指难以入睡，故选D。 49．句意：控制自己的屏幕时间以避免将来出现问题是一个好主意。 increase增加；control控制；spare抽出；find找到。根据“...your own screen time to avoid future problems”可知，这里指控制自己的屏幕时间，故选B。 50．句意：毕竟，健康永远是第一位的，尽管充分利用技术也很重要。 time时间；body身体；technology科技；communication交流。根据“it’s also important to take full advantage of...”可知，这里指尽管充分利用技术也很重要，故选C。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. A special course named “Physical Fitness Enhancement (体能提升): Exercise and Nutrition (营养)” has been set up in Peking University. The 51 of the course is to help students get into good shape. But the course is only open to students who are 52 or overweight. Students can learn how to lose weight, such as making 53 diets and exercise plans in the 30-hour course. Also, the students can train with the help of professional coaches. Activities 54 running, strength training and designing personal weight loss plans. “The goal is for students to 55 a healthy lifestyle, master scientific weight loss methods, and form regular exercise and balanced diet habits,” explained Zhang Xiaoyuan, who teaches the course. A lot of students are interested in the course. To get the 56 to choose the course, many students have to compete. Those who 57 it have got a lot in the course, with the highest weight loss being around 15 kilograms over the term. On the final day, the students would share their 58 . Many of them report they feel lighter, improve moods 59 and have better sleep now. Some have 60 new sports hobbies like rock climbing, swimming and so on. Some even have found new sports partners. 51．A．purpose B．request C．level D．result 52．A．short B．heavy C．tall D．young 53．A．healthy B．private C．helpful D．polite 54．A．support B．require C．create D．include 55．A．complete B．list C．develop D．master 56．A．advantage B．chance C．position D．matter 57．A．made B．brought C．enjoyed D．decided 58．A．heroes B．achievements C．suggestions D．secrets 59．A．mainly B．carefully C．successfully D．exactly 60．A．taken down B．taken away C．taken off D．taken up 【答案】 51．A 52．B 53．A 54．D 55．C 56．B 57．A 58．B 59．C 60．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了北京大学新开设的“体能提升：运动与营养”专题课程，帮助超重的学生培养健康的生活方式，掌握科学的减肥方法，形成规律的运动和均衡的饮食习惯。 51．句意：这门课程的目的是帮助学生保持良好的身材。 purpose目的；request请求；level水平；result结果。根据“to help students get into good shape”可知这是开设该课程的目的，故选A。 52．句意：但这门课程只对体重超标的学生开放。 short矮的；heavy重的；tall高的；young年轻的。根据后文“Students can learn how to lose weight”可知学习怎样减肥应是针对超重的学生，故选B。 53．句意：学生们可以在30小时的课程中学习如何减肥，比如制定健康的饮食和锻炼计划。 healthy健康的；private私人的；helpful有益的；polite礼貌的。根据“such as making...diets and exercise plans”可知是指健康的饮食和锻炼计划，故选A。 54．句意：活动包括跑步、力量训练和设计个人减肥计划。 support支持；require需要；create创造；include包括。根据“running, strength training and designing personal weight loss plans”可知是包括这些活动，故选D。 55．句意：目标是培养学生健康的生活方式，掌握科学的减肥方法，形成规律的运动和均衡的饮食习惯。 complete完成；list列出；develop发展，养成；master控制。根据“a healthy lifestyle”可知是养成健康的生活方式，故选C。 56．句意：为了有机会选择课程，许多学生不得不竞争。 advantage优势；chance机会；position位置；matter麻烦。根据“To get the...to choose the course”可知是为了得到选择课程的机会，故选B。 57．句意：那些成功的人在课程中收获了很多，在整个学期中，体重最多减轻了15公斤左右。 made做；brought带来；enjoyed享受；decided决定。根据“many students have to compete. Those who...it have got a lot in the course”可知是指竞争成功的人，make it“成功”，固定用法，故选A。 58．句意：在最后一天，学生们将分享他们的成就。 heroes英雄；achievements成就；suggestions建议；secrets秘密。根据后文“Many of them report they feel lighter, improve moods...”可知是分享减肥课程的达成的成就，故选B。 59．句意：他们中的许多人报告说，他们现在感觉更轻松了，情绪成功地改善了，睡眠也更好了。 mainly主要地；carefully仔细地；successfully成功地；exactly准确的。根据“improve moods...”可知是成功改善了情绪，故选C。 60．句意：有些人开始了新的运动爱好，如攀岩、游泳等。 taken down记下；taken away拿走；taken off脱掉；taken up开始从事。根据“...new sports hobbies like rock climbing, swimming and so on”可知是开始了新的运动爱好，故选D。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Physical activity is good for us. It helps us build up our bodies, learn new skills and get to know the 61 of team work. But every year, more than 3.5 million kids across China receive treatment for sports-related injuries (受伤). How did this happen? Choosing sports that don’t fit the ages is one reason. All sports have a 62 of injury. However, most injuries are caused by overuse (过度使用). It’s best to play different kinds of sports to 63 injuries we often see with overuse. We can stop common injuries by 64 sports that are right for our age, development and physical abilities. No warm-up (热身) exercises before playing sports is another reason. The purpose of warming up is to 65 for our chosen activity. A warm-up for light physical activity takes around 10 minutes. It includes light activity and some movements that are 66 to the activity we’re about to do. Besides, most people often forget to take 67 . Rest periods during practice and games can help to avoid injuries. We should stop the activity if it makes us 68 . After all, we can’t play or exercise through the pain. It’s a good idea to have at least one day off every few days and at least one month off every year from 69 for a certain sport. Anyway, keep 70 and follow the correct sports plan. Then we can enjoy the fun of doing sports. 61．A．change B．success C．value D．dream 62．A．risk B．task C．record D．test 63．A．check B．avoid C．treat D．receive 64．A．picking B．refusing C．sharing D．creating 65．A．cheer B．prepare C．hope D．act 66．A．similar B．blind C．proper D．famous 67．A．notes B．breaks C．walks D．steps 68．A．move B．fail C．hurt D．matter 69．A．caring B．searching C．waiting D．training 70．A．safe B．poor C．warm D．strong 【答案】 61．C 62．A 63．B 64．A 65．B 66．C 67．B 68．C 69．D 70．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了锻炼对我们的好处以及如何锻炼。 61．句意：它帮助我们强健我们的身体，学习新的技能，并了解团队合作的价值。 change变化；success成功；value价值；dream梦想。根据“…of team work”可知，此处指“团队合作的价值”。故选C。 62．句意：所有的运动都有受伤的风险。 risk风险；task任务；record记录；test测验。根据“But every year, more than 3.5 million kids across China receive treatment for sports-related injuries (受伤).”及结合选项可知，所有的运动都有受伤的风险。故选A。 63．句意：最好进行不同种类的运动，以避免我们经常看到的过度使用造成的伤害。 check检查；avoid避免；treat对待；receive收到。根据“It’s best to play different kinds of sports”可知，进行不同种类的运动，以避免我们经常看到的过度使用造成的伤害。故选B。 64．句意：我们可以通过选择适合我们年龄、发展和身体能力的运动来防止常见的伤害。 picking挑选；refusing拒绝；sharing分享；creating创造。根据“…sports that are right for our age”可知，此处指“选择适合的运动”。故选A。 65．句意：热身的目的是为我们选择的活动做准备。 cheer欢呼；prepare准备；hope希望；act行动。根据“ The purpose of warming up is to…for our chosen activity.”可知，热身的目的是为我们选择的活动做准备；prepare for“为……做准备”。故选B。 66．句意：它包括轻度活动和一些适合我们将要做的活动的动作。 similar类似的；blind失明的；proper合适的；famous著名的。根据“that are…to the activity we’re about to do.”可知，此处指“一些适合的动作”。故选C。 67．句意：此外，大多数人经常忘记休息。 notes笔记；breaks休息；walks步行；steps步骤。根据“Rest periods during practice and games can help to avoid injuries.”可知，空处指“休息”。故选B。 68．句意：如果它让我们受伤，我们应该停止这种活动。 move移动；fail失败；hurt受伤；matter要紧。根据“We should stop the activity”可知，如果一些活动让我们受伤，我们要停止这些活动。故选C。 69．句意：每隔几天至少休息一天，每年至少休息一个月，这是一个好主意。 caring关心；searching寻找；waiting等待；training训练。根据“from…for a certain sport.”可知，此处指“训练时每隔一段时间需要休息”。故选D。 70．句意：无论如何，要注意安全，遵循正确的运动计划。 safe安全的；poor贫穷的；warm温暖的；strong强壮的。根据“Anyway, keep…and follow the correct sports plan.”可知，做运动是要保持安全。故选A。 阅读下列短文, 从每小题所给的 A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. Many people would like to play music to keep the mind busy while showering, taking a walk or travelling to school. But research has found that could 71 your ability to come up with creative things to do. By comparison, experts say being 72 can bring new ideas. Listening to music while taking a shower or going for a walk 73 your time that could be spent thinking about yourself and your life. You need this time for new 74 to come out. That’s why people get ideas in the middle of the night—in the break time, the 75 creates its own fun. A recent study also showed the same 76 . In the research, groups of people were given a boring writing task. Then they were asked to 77 a creative task. Researchers found the uninteresting writing 78 produced more creativity. So, is it best to move away the bath-time playlist? People think 79 . Many people say they have too much going on in their heads and they listen to music to relax in the 80 . But others say they like having a quiet time while travelling home at the end of the day. 71．A．influence B．develop C．include D．list 72．A．busy B．handsome C．patient D．bored 73．A．made up B．talks about C．takes away D．finds out 74．A．ideas B．schools C．heads D．tasks 75．A．music B．brain C．shower D．study 76．A．risk B．memory C．break D．result 77．A．separate B．copy C．avoid D．complete 78．A．experts B．activities C．grades D．methods 79．A．honestly B．crazily C．differently D．awfully 80．A．shower B．century C．kitchen D．interview 【答案】 71．A 72．D 73．C 74．A 75．B 76．D 77．D 78．B 79．C 80．A 【导语】本文主要介绍了一项研究成果：在洗澡，散步或者上学时听音乐可能会影响人的创造性思维。 71．句意：但研究发现，这可能会影响你想出创造性事情的能力。 influence影响；develop培养；include包括；list列清单。根据“But research has found that could...your ability to come up with creative things to do.”可知，此处是指让大脑保持忙碌会影响你想出创造性事情的能力。故选A。 72．句意：相比之下，专家说无聊可以带来新的想法。 busy忙碌的；handsome英俊的；patient耐心的；bored无聊的。根据“By comparison, experts say being...can bring new ideas.”和下文可知，研究表明，无聊会带来新的想法。故选D。 73．句意：洗澡或散步时听音乐会剥夺你思考自己和生活的时间。 made up化妆；talks about讨论；takes away带走；finds out发现。根据“Listening to music while taking a shower or going for a walk...your time”和常识可知，洗澡或散步时听音乐会剥夺原本思考的时间。故选C。 74．句意：你需要这段时间来产生新的想法。 ideas想法；schools学校；heads标题；tasks任务。根据“can bring new ideas.”可知，此处是指产生新想法。故选A。 75．句意：这就是为什么人们会在半夜迸发灵感——在休息时间，大脑会创造自己的乐趣。 music音乐；brain大脑；shower淋浴；study学习。根据“the...creates its own fun.”可知，想法和乐趣是大脑产生的。故选B。 76．句意：最近的一项研究也显示了同样的结果。 risk冒险；memory记忆；break休息；result结果。根据“Researchers found the uninteresting writing...produced more creativity.”可知，两项研究的结果相同。故选D。 77．句意：然后他们被要求完成一项创造性的任务。 separate分离；copy复制；avoid避免；complete完成。根据“a creative task.”可知，是完成任务。故选D。 78．句意：研究人员发现，无趣的写作活动会产生更多的创造力。 experts专家；activities活动；grades年级；methods方法。根据“Researchers found the uninteresting writing...produced more creativity.”和“groups of people were given a boring writing task.”可知，此处activities符合语境，与前文“task”相对应。故选B。 79．句意：人们的想法不同。 honestly诚实地；crazily疯狂地；differently不同地；awfully非常。根据“Many people say they have too much going on in their heads and they listen to music to relax”可知，人们对于淋浴时要不要听音乐等想法不同。故选C。 80．句意：许多人说他们脑子里想的事情太多了，他们在淋浴时听音乐放松。 shower淋浴；century世纪；kitchen厨房；interview采访。根据“Many people would like to play music to keep the mind busy while showering,”以及“in the...”可知，此处是指淋浴时听音乐放松，即in the shower。故选A。 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$