Unit 1 The secrets of happiness单元语法（讲义）-2024-2025学年七年级英语下册易混易错点精讲精炼（外研版）

Unit 1 The secrets of happiness单元语法（讲义） 一般过去时主要表示过去某一时间或某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，及过去经常或反复发生的动作。 1.构成及动词过去式的变化规则 谓语动词的构成：did 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played; discuss→discussed 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以一个辅音字母结尾的重度闭音节动词 双写辅音字母加-ed plan→ planned; refer→ referred 以不发音的e结尾的动词 直接加-d provide→ provided; like→liked 2.一般过去时具体用法 ①表示在过去发生的一次性动作或习惯性动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday，last year，in 1995，the other day等作时间状语。 例1. The other day I came across an old friend on the top of Mount Tai. 前几天，我在泰山顶上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。 例2.He came to work here two weeks ago. 他两周前来这儿上班的。 ②表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 例1.When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我小时候，经常在大街上踢足球。 例2.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. Brown 妇访问期间，不论走到哪里，都受到了热烈的欢迎。 ③用于固定句型中。 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...did sth.自从做某事已经一段时间了 would/had rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事 例1.It is time you went to bed. 到了你上床睡觉的时间了。 例2.I’d rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。 例3.It is time that we took action to protect our environment. 该到我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。 ④wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 例1.I thought you might have some. 我原以为你会有一些的。 例2.Sorry, I didn’t see the sign over there. 对不起，我（刚才）没看见那边的指示牌。 ⑤在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。 例1.He said he would not go if it rained. 他说要是下雨，他就不去。 例2.He said he would tell her about the news as soon as he met her. 他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。 ⑥有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know, think, expect等，表示＂本来认为＂。 例1.I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没想到会在这儿遇到你。 例2.I thought he had heard the news. 我原以为他已经听说了这个消息。 【易错提醒】 1. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来； 2. 没有时间状语时灵活选用一般过去时的情况； 3. as if /as though引导的从句中用一般过去表示虚拟语气。 即时训练 一、单词拼写 1．I (fly) kites with my parents in the park yesterday. 【答案】flew 【详解】句意：昨天我和父母在公园里放风筝。fly意为“飞”，是动词，根据“yesterday”可知，句子时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故填flew。 2．When I walked towards the white rabbit, it (run) away quickly. 【答案】ran 【详解】句意：当我走向那只白兔时，它很快就跑开了。run“跑”，动词；根据“When I walked towards the white rabbit”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词要用过去式。故填ran。 3．An old man (fall) down on the street and couldn’t get up. 【答案】fell 【详解】句意：一位老人在街道上摔倒了，站不起来。根据“couldn’t”可知，此处是一般过去时，故谓语动词用其过去式，fall的过去式是fell。故填fell。 4．Chicago (develop) into a big city in the late 1800s. 【答案】developed 【详解】句意：芝加哥在19世纪80年代后期发展成为一个大城市。“in the late 1800s”表示在19世纪80年代后期，这是一个过去的时间，说明句子描述的事情发生在过去，所以要用一般过去时态，动词“develop”的过去式是“developed”。故填developed。 5．He felt down because he (not be) able to get into the school basketball team. 【答案】was not/wasn’t 【详解】句意：他感到失落，因为他没能进入学校篮球队。根据“He felt down because ...”可知，因没能进入学校篮球队而难过，be not able to ... 表示“不能……”，为固定搭配的短语；he为单三，且felt为动词的过去式，因此此空的be动词应使用was，was not缩写为wasn’t。故填was not/wasn’t。 6．Elena (drop) the novel she was reading on the desk and looked out the window. 【答案】dropped 【详解】句意：埃琳娜放下桌上正在看的小说，向窗外望去。根据“and looked out the window”可知，动作发生在过去，此处动词填过去式，故填dropped。 7．—What (make) you unhappy? —Mum said I was impatient, but I did I not mean it. 【答案】made 【详解】句意：——什么让你不开心？——妈妈说我没有耐心，但我不是那个意思。根据“said”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填made。 8．Finally, he (try) his best and successfully finished the task. 【答案】tried 【详解】句意：最终，他尽了最大努力并成功地完成了任务。根据“finished”可知，时态为一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式，故填tried。 9．He (meet) up with some friends in the city centre, and they went to a restaurant. 【答案】met 【详解】句意：他在市中心遇到了一些朋友，他们去了一家餐馆。根据 “and they went to a restaurant ”可知，时态为一般过去时。故填met。 10．My mother (mention) in her letter that she was in Shanghai. 【答案】mentioned 【详解】句意：我妈妈在信中提到她在上海。根据“was”可知，本句时态为一般过去时，故横线处动词需用过去式，mention“提到”，动词，其过去式为mentioned。故填mentioned。 11．He did an experiment, and the experiment (prove) his point. 【答案】proved 【详解】句意：他做了一个实验，实验证明了他的观点。根据“did”可知，本句是一般过去时，动词用过去式。故填proved。 12．Tom (borrow) three books from the school library just now. 【答案】borrowed 【详解】句意：Tom刚才从学校图书馆借了三本书。borrow“借”，动词，根据“just now”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填borrowed。 13．The dog (bite) the thief (小偷) in the leg to stop him from stealing things yesterday evening. 【答案】bit 【详解】句意：昨晚那只狗咬住了小偷的腿以阻止他偷东西。根据时间状语yesterday evening可知，事情发生在过去，应用一般过去时，bite的过去式为bit。故填bit。 14．Jack’s bike was broken. It (hit) a big tree just now. 【答案】hit 【详解】句意：杰克的自行车坏了。它刚刚撞上了一棵大树。hit“碰撞，撞击”，动词，根据“just now”可知，时态为一般过去时，动词使用过去式。故填hit。 15．Lucy (find) a wallet on the street and some money was in it. 【答案】found 【详解】句意：Lucy在街上发现一个钱包，里面有一些钱。考查一般过去时。根据“some money was in it”可知本句应为一般过去时；find意为“发现，找到”，动词，过去式为found，故填found。 16．The song (touch) everyone’s heart and brought tears to their eyes. 【答案】touched 【详解】句意：这首歌触动了每个人的心，让他们热泪盈眶。touch“触摸，感动”，动词，又结合空后“…and brought tears to their eyes.”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，and连接两个并列的动作，空处也应用其过去式形式作谓语。故填touched。 17．He (run) fast enough to catch the last bus just now. 【答案】ran 【详解】句意：他跑得足够快，赶上了刚才的末班车。考查一般过去时。根据“just now”可知时态用一般过去时，run意为“跑步”，动词，过去式为ran，故填ran。 18．—My friend fell off the bike and (hurt) his leg. —Sorry to hear that. 【答案】hurt 【详解】句意：——我的朋友从自行车上摔了下来，伤了他的腿。——听到这个消息很遗憾。根据“fell off ”可知时态用一般过去时，故填hurt。 19．I (miss) the beginning of the movie last night. 【答案】missed 【详解】句意：昨晚我错过了电影的开头。根据“last night”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，应填过去式missed。故填missed。 20．When Helen won a prize in the English competition, she (believe) she was the happiest girl in the world. 【答案】believed 【详解】句意：当海伦在英语比赛中获奖时，她相信自己是世界上最幸福的女孩。根据“won a prize”以及“was”可知，句子时态为一般过去时，应填believed。故填believed。 二、单项选择 21．In my schooldays, I _________ a lot of reading in English every day. That was how I learned English at that time. A．do B．did C．am doing D．will do 【答案】B 【详解】句意：在我上学的日子里，我每天都阅读大量英语。那时我就是这样学习英语的。考查动词时态。根据“That was how I learned English at that time.”可知，此处是发生在过去的事情，因此用一般过去时，谓语用过去式did。故选B。 22．—Sir, please don’t smoke here! —Sorry, I _________ the sign on the wall. A．will not see B．see C．didn’t see D．don’t see 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——先生，请不要在这里抽烟！——对不起，我没看到墙上的标志。考查动词时态和否定句。根据“Sir, please don’t smoke here!”和“Sorry, I...the sign on the wall.”可知，此处指没有看到标志，用否定句，且在对方提醒自己之前没有看到标志，所以用一般过去时介绍过去发生的事情，句中有实义动词see，借助助动词did not构成否定形式。故选C。 23．—Did you go to the museum with your friends last Sunday? —________. I stayed at home and looked after my sister. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, I did D．No, I didn’t 【答案】D 【详解】——上周日你和你的朋友去博物馆了吗？——不，我没去。我待在家里照顾我的妹妹了。考察一般疑问句。“Did you....?”的肯定回答为“Yes, I did.”，否定回答为“No, I didn't.”。根据空后的“I stayed at home and looked after my sister”可知，答话人没有去，此处用否定回答，故选D。 24．They ________ football yesterday. A．play B．played C．plays D．playing 【答案】B 【详解】句意：他们昨天踢足球了。考查动词时态。根据时间状语yesterday可知，此处描述的是过去发生的事情，所以应该用一般过去时，动词应用过去式played。故选B。 25．There ________ a small lake in my hometown ten years ago, and I often swam there. A．are B．was C．were D．is 【答案】B 【详解】句意：十年前我的家乡有一个小湖，我经常在那里游泳。考查时态。根据“ten years ago”可知，时态为一般过去时，故排除A和C；根据“a small lake”可知，此处be动词应用was。故选B。 26．My little brother ________ happily when he opened his birthday present yesterday. A．shouts B．is shouting C．shouted D．will shout 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我弟弟昨天打开生日礼物时高兴地叫了起来。考查动词时态。根据“My little brother…happily when he opened his birthday present yesterday.”可知，该句是一般过去时，动词填过去式shouted。故选C。 27．The boy ________ his mother’s hand when crossing the road. A．hold B．holds C．held D．holding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：过马路的时候这个男孩紧紧拉着妈妈的手。考查时态。“when crossing the road”暗示动作发生在过去，句子时态为一般过去时，“hold”的过去式是“held”，故选C。 28．—Were there any flowers in your garden in the past? —________. But now I only grow vegetables. A．Yes, there are B．No, there aren’t C．Yes, there were D．No, there weren’t 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——过去你的花园有花吗？——是的，有。但现在我只种蔬菜。考查一般过去时态。根据“Were there any flowers in your garden in the past?”可知，应用一般过去时来回答，故排除A、B；根据“But now I only grow vegetables.”可知，前后为转折关系，故此处应表示过去有花，应是肯定回答。故选C。 29．—Where ________ you ________ last Sunday? —Oh, we went to the National Stadium. A．did; went B．did; go C．do; go D．will; go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你上个星期天去哪儿了？——哦，我们去了国家体育场。考查时态。根据“last Sunday”可知，时态是一般过去时，排除C、D选项；句子前有助动词did，实义动词用原形。故选B。 30．—Who went to the farm last month? —Paul ________. A．is B．does C．was D．did 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——谁上个月去农场了？——保罗去了。考查时态。根据“Who went to the farm last month?”可知，回答时也应使用一般过去时，故排除A和B；空处指代上句的动词短语went to the farm ，为避免重复，故用助动词did。故选D。 31．David ________ for a walk with his friends last night. A．goes B．went C．is going D．will go 【答案】B 【详解】句意：大卫昨晚和他的朋友去散步了。考查句子的时态。根据“last night”可知，句子应用一般过去时，故选B。 32．Ten minutes ago my parents ________at home, but now they ________in the park. A．was; are B．were; are C．was; were D．were; were 【答案】B 【详解】句意：十分钟前我的父母在家，但现在他们在公园。考查时态。根据“Ten minutes ago”可知，空一时态为一般过去时，主语为“my parents”，故此处应用were；根据“now”可知，空二时态为一般现在时，主语为they，故此处应用are。故选B。 33．—Billy ________ shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now. —Yes. We are all surprised at his changes. A．used to be B．used to being C．is used to be D．is used to being 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——比利过去很害羞和安静，但他现在很外向。——是的。我们都对他的变化感到惊讶。考查动词短语。used to表示“过去常常，过去曾经”，用于过去时态，后接动词原形，used to do sth“过去常常做某事”；be used to do sth“被用来做某事”；be used to doing sth“习惯做某事”。根据“but he is very outgoing now”可知，此处表示他过去很害羞，也很安静。故选A。 34．—Did you go to Disneyland in Shanghai? —Yes. I ________ there last month. It’s a very fantastic place. A．go B．have gone C．went D．will go 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你去上海的迪士尼乐园了吗？——对。我上个月去了那里。这是一个非常棒的地方。考查动词时态。go去，动词原形；have gone用于现在完成时；went动词过去式；will go用于一般将来时。根据“last month”可知，时态是一般过去时，谓语动词用过去式。故选C。 35．Last year, our team worked hard and finally ________the basketball match. A．win B．won C．will win 【答案】B 【详解】句意：去年，我们队努力拼搏，最终赢得了这场篮球赛。考查一般过去时。根据“Last year, our team worked hard”可知句子时态为一般过去时，win的过去式是won，故选B。 36．Mary and her brother ________these photos in the park two days ago. A．took B．take C．will take D．is taking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：玛丽和她的哥哥两天前在公园里拍了这些照片。考查一般过去时。“two days ago”表明动作发生在过去，句子用过去时态，“take”的过去式是“took”。故选A。 37．Ten year ago there ________ a lot of trees around the small village. A．are B．is C．were D．was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：十年前，这个小村庄周围有很多树。考查时态，根据“Ten year ago”可知，句子要用一般过去时，排除AB；主语是a lot of trees，be动词用were，故选C。 38．The key________ fit the door. So Alice couldn’t open it. A．didn’t B．isn’t C．doesn’t D．wasn’t 【答案】A 【详解】句意：钥匙不适合这扇门。所以爱丽丝无法打开它。考查时态和助动词。根据“So Alice couldn’t open it.”可知，题干描述的是一个发生在过去的动作，即钥匙不适合门。“fit”是实义动词，否定形式用“didn’t+动词原形”。故选A。 39．—I heard a strange sound. What was it? —Maybe a cat ________ by. A．passed B．passes C．is passing D．was passing 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我听到一个奇怪的声音。那是什么声音？——也许是一只猫路过。考查动词时态。passed路过，过去式；passes动词单三；is passing现在进行时；was passing过去进行时。pass by“经过”，动词短语。根据“...heard...was...”可知，用一般过去时态。故选A。 40．The weather was sunny and we ________ all day. A．play B．played C．are playing D．will play 【答案】B 【详解】句意：天气晴朗，我们玩了一整天。考查一般过去时。根据“was”可知，该句时态为一般过去时，因此应用play 的过去式 played。故选B。 三、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave general, and Lin was 41 excellent advisor. Lian was famous 42 winning battles (战役) and making his enemies scared. He once led the Zhao army to victory against the State of Qi. Everyone 43 him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how to use words 44 problems. He once saved the Heshibi for the King of Zhao and became a trusted advisor. But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 45 position than him. He thought he should be given greater honor because of 46 achievements on the battlefield, while Lin achieved success just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论). 47 , Lian even spoke ill of Lin behind his back. Lin didn’t want any trouble, 48 he avoided (避免) meeting Lian. He didn’t want to argue or fight. Lian thought he was winning because it appeared that Lin was scared of him. Lin’s friends, however, were worried 49 this. They thought Lin was too kind and weak. But Lin explained that he didn’t have reasons to fight Lian 50 it would harm their country. He 51 believed that if they pulled together, the State of Zhao would become 52 . When Lian heard this, he felt ashamed. He realized he was being foolish and 53 caused trouble for their country. So he said sorry to Lin, and they became good friends. They worked together to serve the State of Zhao and dealt with 54 problems. Lian and Lin showed us that even if we have differences, we 55 still put aside our pride and achieve great things when we pay full attention to what’s best for the greater good as friends. 41．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 42．A．in B．on C．for D．as 43．A．admire B．admires C．admiring D．admired 44．A．solving B．to solve C．solves D．solved 45．A．high B．higher C．highly D．more high 46．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 47．A．Sometime B．Some time C．Sometimes D．Some times 48．A．and B．but C．so D．or 49．A．in B．at C．for D．about 50．A．when B．though C．because D．if 51．A．true B．truth C．truly D．truely 52．A．power B．powers C．powerful D．powerfully 53．A．too B．as well C．either D．also 54．A．person B．personality C．persons D．personal 55．A．can B．must C．need D．should 【答案】 41．B 42．C 43．D 44．B 45．B 46．B 47．C 48．C 49．D 50．C 51．C 52．C 53．D 54．D 55．A 【导语】本文主要讲述了赵国两位重要的人物廉颇和蔺相如之间的故事。 41．句意：廉是一位勇敢的将军，蔺是一位出色的谋士。 a一；用于以辅音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；an一，用于以元音音素开头的单词前，表泛指；the表特指。此处表泛指，且excellent是以元音音素开头的单词。故选B。 42．句意：廉以打胜仗和让敌人害怕而闻名。 in在……里面；on在……上面；for为了；as作为。be famous for“以……而闻名”。故选C。 43．句意：大家都钦佩他的勇敢。 admire钦佩，动词原形；admires钦佩，动词三单形式；admiring钦佩，现在分词；admired钦佩，动词过去式。此处描述过去发生的事情，时态为一般过去时，应用过去式。故选D。 44．句意：另一方面，蔺很聪明，知道如何用语言来解决问题。 solving解决，现在分词；to solve解决，动词不定式；solves解决，动词三单形式；solved解决，动词过去式。use sth. to do sth.“使用某物做某事”。故选B。 45．句意：在蔺获得了比他更高的职位后，廉感到很担心。 high高的，形容词原形；higher较高的，形容词比较级；highly高度地，副词；more high错误表达。根据“than”可知，此处应用形容词比较级。故选B。 46．句意：他认为他应该因为战场上的成就而获得更大的荣誉，而蔺则是通过他的演讲和辩论技能获得成功的。 he他，主格；his他的，形容词性物主代词；him他，宾格；himself他自己，反身代词。“achievements”是名词，因此用形容词性物主代词作定语。故选B。 47．句意：有时，廉甚至在背后说蔺的坏话。 Sometime在某事；Some time一段时间；Sometimes有时；Some times几次。根据语境可知，此处应用副词Sometimes作状语，修饰整个句子。故选C。 48．句意：蔺不想惹麻烦，所以他避免和廉见面。 and和；but但是；so所以；or或者。根据语境可知，前后两句之间表示因果关系，因此用连词so。故选C。 49．句意：然而，蔺的朋友们对此很担心。 in在……里面；at在；for为了；about关于。be worried about“担心……”。故选D。 50．句意：但蔺解释说，他没有理由与廉作战，因为这会损害他们的国家。 when当……时；though尽管；because因为；if如果。根据语境可知，“it would harm their country”是“But Lin explained that he didn’t have reasons to fight Lian”的原因，因此用because。故选C。 51．句意：他坚信，只要他们齐心协力，赵国就会强大起来。 true真实的，形容词；truth真相，名词；truly真的，副词；truely错误表达。分析句子可知，此处修饰动词believed，应用副词。故选C。 52．句意：他坚信，只要他们齐心协力，赵国就会强大起来。 power力量，名词；powers推动，动词三单形式；powerful强大的，形容词；powerfully强大地，副词。become是系动词，后接形容词作表语。故选C。 53．句意：他意识到自己很愚蠢，也给他们的国家带来了麻烦。 too也，通常用于肯定句，位于句末；as well也，通常用于肯定句，位于句末；either也，用于否定句，位于句末；also也，用于肯定句，位于实义动词之前。分析句子可知，此处在动词caused，应用also。故选D。 54．句意：他们一起为赵国服务，一起处理个人问题。 person人，可数名词，复数是persons；personality性格，名词；personal个人的，形容词。分析句子可知，此处应用形容词修饰名词problems。故选D。 55．句意：廉和蔺告诉我们，即使我们有分歧，当我们充分关注作为朋友的最大利益时，我们仍然可以放下骄傲，取得伟大的成就。 can可以；must必须；need需要；should应该。根据语境可知，此处表示“我们仍然可以做某事”，应用情态动词can。故选A。 四、短文填空 （一） At 6:00 am on any day in December, it is still dark in the village of Yuanbao in Guizhou Province. But Wu Yujie is already (已经) 56 (play) soccer with her teammates on the playground. The girls train for about four 57 (hour) every day. Xu Zhaowei is the soccer 58 (teach). Xu came to the school as a volunteer (志愿者). In 2017, Xu 59 (begin) to teach the students how to play soccer and later he made a soccer team. He didn’t hope for the girls to play well. So he was really 60 (surprise) to know their achievement—the girls 61 (win) first place among primary schools in a competition. “They are stronger and they practise harder than (比) 62 (other),” said Xu. As a wonderful soccer teacher, he helped these students 63 (get) into good schools. Xu thinks that soccer can help the students get a good education, so he 64 (plan) to try his best to help the soccer team. Now, the sport is helping students achieve 65 (they) dreams such as flying by plane and seeing the sea. In the future, students will get a lot more from playing soccer. 【答案】 56．playing 57．hours 58．teacher 59．began 60．surprised 61．won 62．others 63．to get/get 64．plans 65．their 【导语】本文述了吴玉洁和她的队友们在贵州省的一个村庄里，通过足球训练和比赛获得成功的故事。文章还介绍了他们的足球老师徐兆伟，他通过足球教育帮助学生们实现梦想。 56．句意：但是吴玉洁已经和她的队友在操场上踢足球了。根据“is”可知，此处是现在进行时，动词play应用现在分词。故填playing。 57．句意：女孩们每天训练大约四小时。four后接名词的复数形式。故填hours。 58．句意：徐兆伟是足球老师。根据后文“As a wonderful soccer teacher”可知，他是足球老师，应用名词teacher。故填teacher。 59．句意：2017年，他开始教学生们踢足球，后来他组建了一支足球队。根据“In 2017”可知，句子是一般过去时，动词用过去式began。故填began。 60．句意：所以当他知道她们的成就时，他真的很惊讶——这些女孩在小学比赛中获得了第一名。设空处修饰人，作表语，应用形容词surprised。故填surprised。 61．句意：所以当他知道她们的成就时，他真的很惊讶——这些女孩在小学比赛中获得了第一名。句子描述的事情已经发生了，应用一般过去时，动词用过去式won。故填won。 62．句意：她们比其他人更强壮，也更刻苦。根据“than”可知，这里是和其他人作比较，应用others。故填others。 63．句意：作为一名出色的足球老师，他帮助这些学生进入好学校。help sb (to) do sth“帮助某人做某事”，故填(to) get。 64．句意：徐认为足球可以帮助学生得到良好的教育，所以他计划尽自己最大的努力帮助足球队。根据“Xu thinks”可知，这句话是一般现在时，主语是he，谓语动词用三单形式。故填plans。 65．句意：现在，这项运动正在帮助学生们实现梦想，比如坐飞机和看海。空后是名词，应用形容词性物主代词作定语。故填their。 （二） 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 On a warm spring day, the sun shone brightly. Tom sat 66 a tree and began writing his diary. He wrote, “Today, my friends and I 67 (explore) the forest. Deep in the woods, we discovered an ancient tree whose 68 (branch) seemed like pages of history, and it was telling stories of the past.” Tom’s grandfather 69 (teach) him how to identify the age of trees by their rings (圈). He touched the bark, feeling the passage of time through nature. After a day’s adventure, they 70 (fill) their backpacks with 71 (fresh) flowers and seeds. Back home, Tom used these seeds to plant a small garden. He knew they would grow up under the sun and rain. 72 (final), he wrote about his day’s experiences happily. He believed these seeds of nature would bring 73 (he) more surprises in the future. 74 the last page of his diary, Tom noted, “Today, I not only 75 (use) my eyes to see but also my heart to feel.” He closed the diary, looking forward to his next forest adventure. 【答案】 66．under 67．explored 68．branches 69．taught 70．filled 71．fresh 72．Finally 73．him 74．On 75．used 【导语】本文介绍汤姆和朋友一起去森林探险，他把自己的经历写在了日记里。 66．句意：汤姆坐在一棵树下开始写日记。根据“sat...a tree and began writing his diary.”可知是在树下坐着写日记，故填under。 67．句意：今天，我和我的朋友们探索了森林。本文是日记，涉及到的时态用一般过去时，故填explored。 68．句意：在树林深处，我们发现了一棵古老的树，它的树枝似乎像历史的篇章，讲述着过去的故事。此处指树的枝条，应用复数形式，故填branches。 69．句意：汤姆的祖父教会了他如何通过树木的年轮来判断树的年龄。讲述过去的事用一般过去时，故填taught。 70．句意：经过一天的冒险后，他们填满了背包，里面装满了新鲜的花朵和种子。讲述过去的事用一般过去时，故填filled。 71．句意：经过一天的冒险后，他们填满了背包，里面装满了新鲜的花朵和种子。fresh“新鲜的”，形容词作定语，故填fresh。 72．句意：最后，他愉快地记录下了这一天的经历。finally“最后”，副词修饰整个句子，首字母大写。故填Finally。 73．句意：他相信这些大自然的种子在未来会给他带来更多的惊喜。作出bring的宾语用宾格形式，故填him。 74．句意：在他的日记最后一页，汤姆写道：“今天，我不仅用眼睛去看，还用心去感受。”此处表示“在最后一页”用介词on。首字母大写。故填On。 75．句意：在他的日记最后一页，汤姆写道：“今天，我不仅用眼睛去看，还用心去感受。”讲述过去的事用一般过去时，故填used。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 The secrets of happiness单元语法（讲义） 一般过去时主要表示过去某一时间或某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态，及过去经常或反复发生的动作。 1.构成及动词过去式的变化规则 谓语动词的构成：did 情况 规则 例词 一般情况 加-ed play→ played; discuss→discussed 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词 变y为-ied carry→carried; try→tried 以一个辅音字母结尾的重度闭音节动词 双写辅音字母加-ed plan→ planned; refer→ referred 以不发音的e结尾的动词 直接加-d provide→ provided; like→liked 2.一般过去时具体用法 ①表示在过去发生的一次性动作或习惯性动作或存在的状态，常用yesterday，last year，in 1995，the other day等作时间状语。 例1. The other day I came across an old friend on the top of Mount Tai. 前几天，我在泰山顶上偶然遇到了一位老朋友。 例2.He came to work here two weeks ago. 他两周前来这儿上班的。 ②表示在过去一段时间内，经常性或习惯性的动作。 例1.When I was a child, I often played football in the street. 我小时候，经常在大街上踢足球。 例2.Whenever the Browns went during their visit, they were given a warm welcome. Brown 妇访问期间，不论走到哪里，都受到了热烈的欢迎。 ③用于固定句型中。 It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...did sth.自从做某事已经一段时间了 would/had rather sb. did sth.宁愿某人做某事 例1.It is time you went to bed. 到了你上床睡觉的时间了。 例2.I’d rather you came tomorrow. 我宁愿你明天来。 例3.It is time that we took action to protect our environment. 该到我们采取措施保护环境的时候了。 ④wish, wonder, think, hope等用过去时，作试探性的询问、请求、建议等。 例1.I thought you might have some. 我原以为你会有一些的。 例2.Sorry, I didn’t see the sign over there. 对不起，我（刚才）没看见那边的指示牌。 ⑤在时间状语从句、条件状语从句中代替过去将来时。 例1.He said he would not go if it rained. 他说要是下雨，他就不去。 例2.He said he would tell her about the news as soon as he met her. 他说他一见到她就把这个消息告诉她。 ⑥有些句子，虽然没有明确的表示过去的时间状语，但实际上指的是过去发生的动作或状态，也要用一般过去时。常见的此类动词有know, think, expect等，表示＂本来认为＂。 例1.I didn’t expect to meet you here. 我没想到会在这儿遇到你。 例2.I thought he had heard the news. 我原以为他已经听说了这个消息。 【易错提醒】 1. 在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中用一般过去时表示过去将来； 2. 没有时间状语时灵活选用一般过去时的情况； 3. as if /as though引导的从句中用一般过去表示虚拟语气。 即时训练 一、单词拼写 1．I (fly) kites with my parents in the park yesterday. 2．When I walked towards the white rabbit, it (run) away quickly. 3．An old man (fall) down on the street and couldn’t get up. 4．Chicago (develop) into a big city in the late 1800s. 5．He felt down because he (not be) able to get into the school basketball team. 6．Elena (drop) the novel she was reading on the desk and looked out the window. 7．—What (make) you unhappy? —Mum said I was impatient, but I did I not mean it. 8．Finally, he (try) his best and successfully finished the task. 9．He (meet) up with some friends in the city centre, and they went to a restaurant. 10．My mother (mention) in her letter that she was in Shanghai. 11．He did an experiment, and the experiment (prove) his point. 12．Tom (borrow) three books from the school library just now. 13．The dog (bite) the thief (小偷) in the leg to stop him from stealing things yesterday evening. 14．Jack’s bike was broken. It (hit) a big tree just now. 15．Lucy (find) a wallet on the street and some money was in it. 16．The song (touch) everyone’s heart and brought tears to their eyes. 17．He (run) fast enough to catch the last bus just now. 18．—My friend fell off the bike and (hurt) his leg. —Sorry to hear that. 19．I (miss) the beginning of the movie last night. 20．When Helen won a prize in the English competition, she (believe) she was the happiest girl in the world. 二、单项选择 21．In my schooldays, I _________ a lot of reading in English every day. That was how I learned English at that time. A．do B．did C．am doing D．will do 22．—Sir, please don’t smoke here! —Sorry, I _________ the sign on the wall. A．will not see B．see C．didn’t see D．don’t see 23．—Did you go to the museum with your friends last Sunday? —________. I stayed at home and looked after my sister. A．Yes, I do B．No, I don’t C．Yes, I did D．No, I didn’t 24．They ________ football yesterday. A．play B．played C．plays D．playing 25．There ________ a small lake in my hometown ten years ago, and I often swam there. A．are B．was C．were D．is 26．My little brother ________ happily when he opened his birthday present yesterday. A．shouts B．is shouting C．shouted D．will shout 27．The boy ________ his mother’s hand when crossing the road. A．hold B．holds C．held D．holding 28．—Were there any flowers in your garden in the past? —________. But now I only grow vegetables. A．Yes, there are B．No, there aren’t C．Yes, there were D．No, there weren’t 29．—Where ________ you ________ last Sunday? —Oh, we went to the National Stadium. A．did; went B．did; go C．do; go D．will; go 30．—Who went to the farm last month? —Paul ________. A．is B．does C．was D．did 31．David ________ for a walk with his friends last night. A．goes B．went C．is going D．will go 32．Ten minutes ago my parents ________at home, but now they ________in the park. A．was; are B．were; are C．was; were D．were; were 33．—Billy ________ shy and quiet, but he is very outgoing now. —Yes. We are all surprised at his changes. A．used to be B．used to being C．is used to be D．is used to being 34．—Did you go to Disneyland in Shanghai? —Yes. I ________ there last month. It’s a very fantastic place. A．go B．have gone C．went D．will go 35．Last year, our team worked hard and finally ________the basketball match. A．win B．won C．will win 36．Mary and her brother ________these photos in the park two days ago. A．took B．take C．will take D．is taking 37．Ten year ago there ________ a lot of trees around the small village. A．are B．is C．were D．was 38．The key________ fit the door. So Alice couldn’t open it. A．didn’t B．isn’t C．doesn’t D．wasn’t 39．—I heard a strange sound. What was it? —Maybe a cat ________ by. A．passed B．passes C．is passing D．was passing 40．The weather was sunny and we ________ all day. A．play B．played C．are playing D．will play 三、语法选择 阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，从1〜15各题所给的A、B、C和D项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Lian Po and Lin Xiangru were two important people in the State of Zhao. Lian was a brave general, and Lin was 41 excellent advisor. Lian was famous 42 winning battles (战役) and making his enemies scared. He once led the Zhao army to victory against the State of Qi. Everyone 43 him for his bravery. Lin, on the other hand, was clever and knew how to use words 44 problems. He once saved the Heshibi for the King of Zhao and became a trusted advisor. But there was a problem. Lian felt worried after Lin got a 45 position than him. He thought he should be given greater honor because of 46 achievements on the battlefield, while Lin achieved success just through his skills in speaking and debating (辩论). 47 , Lian even spoke ill of Lin behind his back. Lin didn’t want any trouble, 48 he avoided (避免) meeting Lian. He didn’t want to argue or fight. Lian thought he was winning because it appeared that Lin was scared of him. Lin’s friends, however, were worried 49 this. They thought Lin was too kind and weak. But Lin explained that he didn’t have reasons to fight Lian 50 it would harm their country. He 51 believed that if they pulled together, the State of Zhao would become 52 . When Lian heard this, he felt ashamed. He realized he was being foolish and 53 caused trouble for their country. So he said sorry to Lin, and they became good friends. They worked together to serve the State of Zhao and dealt with 54 problems. Lian and Lin showed us that even if we have differences, we 55 still put aside our pride and achieve great things when we pay full attention to what’s best for the greater good as friends. 41．A．a B．an C．the D．/ 42．A．in B．on C．for D．as 43．A．admire B．admires C．admiring D．admired 44．A．solving B．to solve C．solves D．solved 45．A．high B．higher C．highly D．more high 46．A．he B．his C．him D．himself 47．A．Sometime B．Some time C．Sometimes D．Some times 48．A．and B．but C．so D．or 49．A．in B．at C．for D．about 50．A．when B．though C．because D．if 51．A．true B．truth C．truly D．truely 52．A．power B．powers C．powerful D．powerfully 53．A．too B．as well C．either D．also 54．A．person B．personality C．persons D．personal 55．A．can B．must C．need D．should 四、短文填空 （一） At 6:00 am on any day in December, it is still dark in the village of Yuanbao in Guizhou Province. But Wu Yujie is already (已经) 56 (play) soccer with her teammates on the playground. The girls train for about four 57 (hour) every day. Xu Zhaowei is the soccer 58 (teach). Xu came to the school as a volunteer (志愿者). In 2017, Xu 59 (begin) to teach the students how to play soccer and later he made a soccer team. He didn’t hope for the girls to play well. So he was really 60 (surprise) to know their achievement—the girls 61 (win) first place among primary schools in a competition. “They are stronger and they practise harder than (比) 62 (other),” said Xu. As a wonderful soccer teacher, he helped these students 63 (get) into good schools. Xu thinks that soccer can help the students get a good education, so he 64 (plan) to try his best to help the soccer team. Now, the sport is helping students achieve 65 (they) dreams such as flying by plane and seeing the sea. In the future, students will get a lot more from playing soccer. （二） 根据短文内容，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式 On a warm spring day, the sun shone brightly. Tom sat 66 a tree and began writing his diary. He wrote, “Today, my friends and I 67 (explore) the forest. Deep in the woods, we discovered an ancient tree whose 68 (branch) seemed like pages of history, and it was telling stories of the past.” Tom’s grandfather 69 (teach) him how to identify the age of trees by their rings (圈). He touched the bark, feeling the passage of time through nature. After a day’s adventure, they 70 (fill) their backpacks with 71 (fresh) flowers and seeds. Back home, Tom used these seeds to plant a small garden. He knew they would grow up under the sun and rain. 72 (final), he wrote about his day’s experiences happily. He believed these seeds of nature would bring 73 (he) more surprises in the future. 74 the last page of his diary, Tom noted, “Today, I not only 75 (use) my eyes to see but also my heart to feel.” He closed the diary, looking forward to his next forest adventure. 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$