内容正文:
Unit 1 The secrets of happiness单元知识点梳理(讲义)
Unit1
核心话题
Unit 1的主题是“The Secrets of Happiness”(幸福的秘诀),属于“人与自我”和“人与社会”范畴,涉及身心健康、和谐家庭与社区生活、志愿服务与公共服务等内容。
学习目标
1.掌握核心词汇和短语,如“review, the chocolate factory, go over, exciting, in one’s mind, full of magic, the most magical part, at the side of a big town, poor, watery cabbage soup, the freezing wind, to one’s surprise, a happy place, forget about, touch…greatly, in fact, the key to happiness, keep love in one’s heart, as unless garden, move”等。
2.理解并运用一般过去时描述幸福时刻。
3.能够运用所学词汇和句型谈论幸福。
语法
一般过去时
写作
学生需写一段关于幸福的短文,描述自己的一次幸福经历,并运用一般过去时。
知识点梳理
模块一:重点词汇词形拓展
1.exciting adj. 令人兴奋的;使人激动的→ excite v.使兴奋;激发;使激动
2.magical adj. 奇异的,美妙的,迷人的→ magic n.魔法;神奇;魅力
3.poor adj. 贫穷的,贫困的→ rich adj. 有钱的,富有的
4.freezing adj. 极冷的,严寒的→ freeze v.冰冻;结冰
5.choose v.选择→ choice n.选择
6.description n.描述,描写,叙述,形容→ describe v.描述,描写
7.experience n.经验→ experienced adj. 有经验的
8.bath v.给……洗澡→ bathroom n.浴室
9.decide v.决定,决断,判断→ decision n.决定;决策
10.princess n.公主→ prince n.王子
11.empty adj. 空的→ full adj. 满的
12.positive adj. 有信心的;积极乐观的→ optimistic adj. 悲观的
13.blow v.吹动;刮动→ blew (过去式)v.吹动;刮动
14.himself pron. 他自己→ his pron.他的→ him pron. 他(宾语)
15.finally adv. 最后,终于→ final adj. 最后的
16.fall v.落下,降落,跌落→ fell (过去式)v.落下,降落,跌落
17.customer n. 顾客,客户→ custom n. 习俗;习惯→ customs n. 海关
18.surprised adj. 吃惊的,惊奇的,惊讶的→ surprise n. /v.惊讶,惊奇
模块二:重点短语梳理
1. have fun 玩得开⼼,过得愉快 2. book review 书评
3. put down 放下 4. go over 仔细考虑
5. in my mind 在我的脑海⾥ 6. be full of 充满…;fill...with... 使……充满……
7. happy family 幸福的家庭 8. the most magical part 最神奇的部分
9. at the side of 在……边上 10. freezing wind 刺⻣的寒⻛
11. sweep across 迅速⽽全⾯地穿过或扫过 12. all night long 整整⼀夜
13. to one’s surprise 令某⼈感到惊讶的是 14. join in 加⼊
15. come from 来⾃ 16. in fact 事实上,实际上
17. the key to happiness 幸福的关键 18. a life full of happiness 充满幸福的⽣活
19. play chess 下国际象棋 20. lead a positive life 过着积极的⽣活
21. think positively 正向思考 22. blow off 吹掉
23. wave in the air 在空中飘扬 24. shake one’s head 摇头
25. talk about 谈论 26. behind one’s back 在某⼈背后,背地⾥
2 7. laugh at 嘲笑 28. day after day ⽇复⼀⽇
29. walk into ⾛进 30. take off 脱下; 起⻜
31. post office 邮局 32. look at 看, 注视
33. in the mirror 在镜⼦⾥ 34. spring from 由……引起;起源于……
35. say to oneself 对⾃⼰说 36. keep doing sth. 继续做某事;持续做某事
37. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 38. make + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 使某⼈/某物……
39. thank you for doing sth. 感谢(你)做某事 40. 基数词 + more + 名词 另外……
41. it’s time to do sth. 到做某事的时间了
模块三:重点句型梳理
重点句型
1. Poor in things,rich in love.
于物贫瘠,于爱富足。
2. I put down Charlie and the Chocolate Factory.
我放下《查理和巧克力工厂》这本书。
3. I keep going over the exciting story in my mind.
脑海中不断回想着那个激动人心的故事。
4. In winter, the freezing wind swept across the floor all night long.
冬天的夜里,寒风一阵阵扫过地板。
5. To my surprise, the family were happy together.
使我吃惊的是,他们一家人在一起很快乐。
6. Keep love in your heart. A life without it is like a sunless garden.
心中要有爱。生活中没有爱,就像花园没有阳光。
7.How do you describe the glass of water?你如何描述这杯水?
8.Some people always look on the bright side of life.有些人总是看到生活的光明面。
9.Fill a glass with water to half full.将杯子注满水至半满。
10.How to lead a positive life?如何过积极的生活?
11.Zhou Jian’s hat blew off.周健的帽子被风吹走了。
12.People often talked about his long hair behind his back. Sometimes they laughed at him.
人们经常谈论他背后的长发。有时他们嘲笑他。
13.Day after day , hope grew together with his hair.日复一日,希望与他的头发一起生长。
14.He took off his hat and his hair fell around his shoulders.他摘下帽子,头发披散在肩上。
15.Thank you for helping kids with cancer.谢谢你帮助癌症患儿。
16.Happiness springs from doing good and helping others.幸福源于行善和帮助他人。
模块三:重点知识点精讲
考点1. put down 的用法
教材原文: I put down Charlie and the Chocolate Factory. 我放下《查理和巧克力工厂》这本书。
put down是固定搭配,意为“放下”。它的宾语有两种情况:
当名词作宾语时, 宾语可以放在put和down 中间,也可以放在down后面;当代词作宾语时,宾语只能放在put和down中间。
Please put down your bag. =Please put your bag down.请把你的包放下。
The box is too heavy. Why not put it down?这个箱子太重了。为什么不把它放下呢?
考点 2.keep doing sth.的搭配
教材原文:But I kept going over the exciting story in my mind.但是我的脑海中却不断回想着那个激动人心的故事。
keep doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“继续做某事;重复做某事”。
Keep going straight, and you can see the bank on the left.继续直走,你会看到银行就在左边。
考点3.go over的用法
教材原文But I kept going over the exciting story in my mind. 但是我的脑海中却不断回想着那个激动人心的故事。
go over是固定搭配,意为“仔细考虑;仔细检查”。
I will go over your suggestions.我会仔细考虑你的建议的。
Please go over your papers.请仔细检查你的试卷。
温馨提示:
go over还有“复习;重温”之意,此时通常和lesson(课)、course(课程)等搭配。
They often go over their lessons together. 他们经常一起复习功课。
考点 4.be full of的用法
教材原文:The book was full of magic.这本书充满了魔力。
be full of 和 be filled with 同义, 意为“充满;装满”。其中 full 是形容
词,意为“装满的;满的”;fill作动词,意为“装满;填满”。
The box is full of/filled with old newspapers.这个箱子装满了旧报纸。
温馨提示: fill...with...意为“用……装满;用……填满”。
The boy wants to fill the bottle with sand.那个男孩想用沙子把瓶子填满。
考点5. 由most构成的最高级
教材原文:But Charlie's happy family was the most magical part of the story.
但是查理的幸福家庭是这个故事中最美妙的部分。
该句中的most magical是magical的最高级,意为“最美妙的:最迷人
的”。对于多音节和部分双音节的形容词来说,要借助most来构成最高级。形容词最高级前要加定冠词the。
This is the most beautiful car in the store.这是这家店里最漂亮的小汽车。
考点 6.enough 的用法
教材原文: The family never had enough food.这个家庭从未有过足够的食物。
enough food 意为“足够的食物”, 该结构中enough 作形容词,意为足够的;充足的”,可以用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词。enough修饰名词时,要位于名词之前。
Don't worry. We have enough time to do it.别担心。我们有足够的时间做那件事。
We don't have enough vegetables. Let's go and buy some.我们没有足够的蔬菜了。让我们去买一些吧。
拓展
enough 还可以作副词, 意为“足够地;充足地”, 可以用来修饰形容
词或副词,此时enough要后置。
[正确]The man is brave enough.那个男人足够勇敢。
[错误]The man is enough brave.(enough要位于brave之后)
考点 7.to one's surprise 的用法
教材原文:To my surprise, the family were happy together. 使我惊讶的是,他们一家人在一起很快乐。
to one's surprise 是固定搭配, 意为“使某人惊讶的是”。其中 surprise作不可数名词,意为“惊讶;惊奇”。
To our surprise, he won first prize in the competition.使我们惊讶的是,他赢得了比赛的第一名。
拓展 surprise 的词性和含义小结:
n.令人惊讶的事 此时是可数名词,有复数形式,即 surprises
v.使惊讶;使吃惊|此时是及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语
My life is full of surprises.我的生活中充满了令人惊讶的事情。
This story will surprise you.这个故事会使你惊讶的。
考点 8.forget的用法和搭配
教材原文: The whole family forgot about their hungry and poor life. 全家人都忘记了他们饥饿又贫困的生活。
forget作动词,意为“忘记;遗忘”,通常作及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语。
The old man often forgets my name.那位老人经常忘记我的名字。
拓展 forget的常见搭配:
forget to do sth. 忘记应该做但还没有做的事情
forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过的事情
Don't forget to call him back.不要忘记给他回电话。(“给他回电话"这件事还没有做)
I forget sending an email to Mike.我忘记给迈克发过邮件了。(“给迈克发邮件”这件事已经做过)
辨析
forget与leave的区别
forget
意为“忘记”,通常表示忘记某人、某物或某事,其反义词是remember
leave
意为“忘了带;落下”,常见的搭配是“leave+sth.+地点状语”。表示“把某物忘在某处”
He never forgets important things.他从来不会忘记重要的事情。
She often leaves her key at home.她经常把她的钥匙落在家里。
考点 9.动词不定式作后置定语
教材原文:There are so many reasons to be happy.快乐的理由有这么多。句中的 to be happy是动词不定式短语,作后置定语修饰名词reasons。
In my hometown, there are a lot of interesting places to visit.在我的家乡,有许多可以游览的有趣的地方。
考点 10.I think+宾语从句
教材原文: I think love is the most important one. 我觉得爱是最重要的一个。
该句是含有宾语从句的主从复合句,主句是Ithink,意为“我觉得:我认为”,用来描述自己的观点或看法。该句中“love is the most important one”是宾语从句,宾语从句前省略了引导词that.
I think Mike is a good boy.我觉得迈克是个好孩子。
温馨提示:
当主句是I/We think/believe 时, 如果宾语从句表达否定意义,要否定主句,而不是从句,这就是宾语从句的“否定转移”
I think I can finish the work.我觉得我能完成这项工作。
I don't think I can finish the work. 我觉得我不能完成这项工作。
考点 11.choose 的用法
教材原文:Choose the best title for the review.为书评选出最佳标题。
choose作动词,意为“选择;挑选”,通常作及物动词,其后可以直接跟宾语。choose的过去式是chose,属于不规则变化。
I want to choose the red dress.我想选择那件红色的连衣裙。
拓展
choose sb. as... 选某人当……
choose to do sth.选择做某事
choice n.选择
其短语
短语:make a choice/choices做出选择
Please choose me as your monitor. 请选我当你们的班长。
I will choose to join the running club.我会选择加入跑步社团。
You have to make a choice.你不得不做出选择。
考点 12.agree 的用法
教材原文: Do you agree that "happiness comes from things like money"?
你同意“快乐来自金钱之类的东西”吗?
agree 作动词,意为“同意;赞成”,可以作及物动词,也可以作不及物动词,作及物动词时其后可以跟宾语从句。
I think math is difficult. Do you agree?我觉得数学很难。你同意吗?
We all agree his plan is the best.我们都赞同他的计划是最好的。
拓展 agree的常见搭配有:
agree with sb.同意某人;赞成某人
agree to do sth.同意做某事;赞成做某事
I don't agree with Mr. Wang.我不同意王先生的观点。
He agreed to go to the zoo with me. 他同意和我一起去动物园了。
词语联想 反义词:disagree v.有分歧;不同意
He agrees with Mary, but I disagree.他同意玛丽的观点,但我不同意。
考点13.decide的用法和搭配
教材原文 :.decided to let her join our family.决定让她加入我们的家庭。
decide作动词,意为“决定”。decide to do sth.是固定搭配,意为“决定做某事”。decide not to do sth.意为“决定不做某事”。
My sister decided to join the art club.我妹妹决定加入美术社团。
We decided not to argue with him.我们决定不和他争吵了。
词语联想
派生词:decision n.抉择;决定
Yesterday I made a decision. I decided to learn to play the guitar.
昨天我做了一个决定。我决定学习弹吉他。
重点词义辨析:
1.join / join in / take part in / attend
join:指加入某个组织、团体或人群,并成为其中一员 ,如:join the army(参军),join the club(加入俱乐部)。
join in:指参加小规模的活动,如游戏、竞赛等,常用于 join sb. in (doing) sth. 结构,如:Can you join us in the game?(你能加入我们一起玩游戏吗?)
take part in:指参加会议或群众性活动等,着重说明句子主语参加该项活动并在活动中发挥作用,如:take part in the sports meeting(参加运动会)。
attend:正式用语,指参加会议、婚礼、葬礼、上课、上学、听报告等,强调 “出席” 这一动作,如:attend a meeting(参加会议),attend school(上学)。
2.other / others / the other / the others / another
other:作形容词,意为 “其他的;另外的”,修饰名词复数,如:We study Chinese, math, English and other subjects.(我们学习语文、数学、英语和其他学科。)
others:是 other 的复数形式,意为 “其他的人或物”,相当于 “other + 名词复数”,在句中可作主语或宾语 ,如:Some students are cleaning the classroom, and others are playing on the playground.(一些学生在打扫教室,其他的学生在操场上玩。)
the other:表示两者中的另一个,常与 one 连用,构成 “one...the other...” 结构,意为 “一个…… 另一个……”;也可作形容词,修饰名词复数,表示 “其余的”,如:I have two pens. One is red, the other is blue.(我有两支钢笔。一支是红色的,另一支是蓝色的。);Where are the other students?(其余的学生在哪里?)
the others:是 the other 的复数形式,指在一定范围内除去一部分后其余的全部,如:There are 40 students in our class. Twenty are boys, and the others are girls.(我们班有 40 个学生。20 个是男生,其余的是女生。)
another:表示三者或三者以上中的另一个,可作代词和形容词,修饰可数名词单数,如:I don't like this shirt. Please show me another.(我不喜欢这件衬衫。请给我看另一件。)
模块四:重点语法精讲
一般过去时
1、 时间标志词:yesterday, ago, last night/week/month, just now, in the past, in+过去的年份,once upon a time,one morning,in the old days,yesterday morning....
二、用法
1.表示过去某个时间所发生的动作或存在的状态.They went to Shanghai yesterday.
2.表示过去经常性或习惯性的动作.常与always, usually, often, sometimes, never等频度副词连用.
When I was in the countryside, I often swam in the river.
3.在since引导的时间状语从句中,从句用一般过去时.
My uncle has taught in the school since he came to Beijing.
三、构成
1.谓语是be的一般过去时:
肯定句:主语+was/were+其他. She was born on a cold morning.
否定句:主语+was/were+ not+其他. I was not born in 2005.
一般疑问句:Was/Were+主语+其他? Were you born in Shanghai?
2.谓语是实义动词的一般过去时:
肯定句:主语+动词过去式. They had fun yesterday.
否定句:主语+didn't+V原+其他. We didn't go to the zoo yesterday.
一般疑问句:Did+主语+V原+其他? Did you go to the zoo yesterday?
四、规则动词过去式的变化规则:
1. 一般动词结尾加-ed
2. 以“不发音的字母e结尾”的动词后加-d
3. 以“辅音字母+y结尾”的动词,y变为i,再加-ed
4. 以“元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾”的重读闭音节动词,先双写辅音字母,再加-ed
☆不规则动词过去式变化需单独记忆
模块五:单元写作
相关句式积累
1. 描述个人感受
I feel happy when...(当……的时候,我感到幸福)
例如:I feel happy when I am with my family.(当我和家人在一起的时候,我感到幸福。)
2. 表达幸福来源
The secret of happiness is...(幸福的秘密是……)
例如:The secret of happiness is to find joy in the simple things of life.(幸福的秘密是在生活中的简单事物中找到快乐。)
Happiness comes from...(幸福来自于……)
例如:Happiness comes from within, not from external possessions.(幸福来自于内心,而不是外在的拥有。)
3. 祝愿他人幸福
I wish you...(我祝愿你……)
例如:I wish you all the happiness in the world.(我祝愿你拥有世界上的所有幸福。)
May you be...(愿你……)
例如:May you be happy and content for the rest of your life.(愿你余生都幸福满足。)
4. 引用名言或谚语表达幸福
Happiness is...(幸福是……)
例如:Happiness is a journey, not a destination.(幸福是一段旅程,而不是终点。)
As the saying goes, "..."(俗话说,……)
例如:As the saying goes, "He who laughs last laughs best.(俗话说,笑到最后笑得最好,暗含幸福往往属于那些能坚持到底的人。)
5. 使用条件句表达幸福条件
If..., you will be happy.(如果……,你就会幸福。)
例如:If you cherish what you have, you will be happy.(如果你珍惜你所拥有的,你就会幸福。)
6. 表达幸福重要性
Happiness is essential to...(幸福对……至关重要。)
例如:Happiness is essential to a fulfilling life.(幸福对充实的生活至关重要。)
在你的学习生活中,一定做过很多让自己感到幸福快乐的事,如帮助别人、读书、志愿服务等。请以“_________ Make(s) Me Happy”为题,用英语写一篇短文,讲述你做某件事的经历和感受。
要求:
(1)请补全标题;
(2)文中不得出现真实姓名、校名等相关信息;
(3)语言表达准确,行文连贯,书写规范,词数80-90左右。
________ Make(s) Me Happy
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】例文:
Helping Others Makes Me Happy
In my study life, there’s one thing that always brings me great joy and happiness—helping others.
Once, I saw a classmate struggling with his math homework. He looked so worried and upset. Without hesitation, I went over and offered to help him. Together, we worked through the problems step by step. After an hour, he finally understood and smiled happily. Seeing his smile, I felt a sense of achievement and happiness.
Helping others not only makes them feel better but also gives me a deep sense of fulfillment. It makes me realize that even small acts of kindness can bring big changes and happiness to people’s lives. Every time I help someone, my heart is filled with warmth and joy.
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材:本文是一篇话题作文;
②时态:主要时态为“一般过去时”;
③提示: 写作要点包括做某件事的经历和由此产生的快乐感受,考生需围绕这一中心,详细叙述事件经过,并突出个人的情感体验。
[写作步骤]
第一步,补全标题并表明写作意图;
第二步,具体阐述写作内容,详细叙述做这件事的具体经历和感受;
第三步,书写结语,总结全文。
[亮点词汇]
①struggling with与……斗争,努力应对
②offered to主动提出
③a sense of achievement成就感
④a deep sense of fulfillment深深的满足感
⑤be filled with充满
[高分句型]
It makes me realize that even small acts of kindness can bring big changes and happiness to people’s lives.(that引导的宾语从句)
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