精品解析：北京市第二十二中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考试英语试题

2024-2025 学年度第二学期高三年级阶段检测试卷 高三年级英语学科 命题人: 高三年级英语学科备课组 2025年2月 本试卷分第I卷、第II卷、和第Ⅲ卷三部分, 共100分, 考试用时90分钟。考试结束后, 将本试卷与答题纸一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利! 第Ⅰ卷 知识运用 一、阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。(共 10小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 共 15分) Taking Chances I used to be afraid of making mistakes. I kept asking others “what should I do” all the time and even made “doing it the right way” my motto. However, sometime during my high school years, I ___1___ . Maybe it was when I decided to try for the lead in “Beauty and the Beast”. Never mind that I would have to memorise lines and rehearse movements, I would take the chance that I might ___2___ in failure. On the day of tryout, my heart was pounding; my hands were ___3___ badly when I got up to sing. But when I opened my mouth, the sound was loud and ___4___ . I reached for the high notes that sometimes were beyond my reach. I was trying to do my best even though I might fail. But I didn’t! The audition (试镜) was definitely an ___5___ part of the process. I realized that if I wanted to live life to the fullest, I had to take ___6___ . Now, I do take these chances, with baby steps, every day: voicing my opinions in class discussions or debates, ___7___ for a high note in the church choir, riding my horse over a three-foot jump. Three years ago, I broke my back when I fell from my horse. The injury meant I couldn’t try out for basketball, which I loved. And, the day I tried out for track was the first day my doctor allowed me to do any physical activity at all. The coach didn’t take me, so I started running with my mom. No stopwatches. No cheering crowds. I didn’t ___8___ the track team, but I didn’t fail, either. I have finally learnt to ___9___ myself, like taking a tough science course. And I have come to realize that even though my parents, friends and teachers don’t always have the answer to “What should I do?”, they will be there to ___10___ me when I try. “Life is learning to deal with Plan B,” my mother stated in her speech. But I now know that the Plan I make for my life will become easier and easier with every chance I take. 1. A. survived B. learnt C. changed D. quitted 2. A. show up B. take up C. end up D. give up 3. A. hurting B. shaking C. suffering D. struggling 4. A. powerful B. gentle C. innocent D. distant 5. A. ordinary B. independent C. additional D. important 6. A. chances B. turns C. measures D. sides 7. A. looking B. waiting C. hoping D. reaching 8. A. visit B. make C. admire D. take 9. A. help B. enjoy C. push D. save 10. A. teach B. watch C. trust D. support 【答案】1. C 2. C 3. B 4. A 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. B 9. C 10. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。作者以前害怕犯错，决定只以正确的方式做事并且把正确地去做当成自己的座右铭，但是在他参加了一次试境之后，他明白自己要抓住机会，要去冒险，于是他尝试了很多东西，学会了去推动自己。 【1题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在我高中某个时候，我改变了。A. survived幸存；B. learnt学习；C. changed改变；D. quitted停止。根据后文“Now, I do take these chances, with baby steps, every day”可知，作者在高中时决定抓住机会，不再害怕犯错，即发生了改变。故选C。 【2题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然我得背台词、排练动作，但我愿意冒着失败的风险。A. show up出现；B. take up从事；C. end up结束；D. give up放弃。根据后文“I didn’t fail, either”可知，作者觉得这个机会可能最终会失败，end up in表示“以……为终局”。故选C。 【3题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：选拔赛那天，我的心怦怦直跳；我站起来唱歌时，我的手抖得厉害。A. hurting伤害；B. shaking摇晃；C. suffering遭受；D. struggling努力。根据上文“my heart was pounding; my hands were”指作者因为紧张心跳很快，手在颤抖。故选B。 【4题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但当我张开嘴时，声音又大又有力。A. powerful有力的；B. gentle温和的；C. innocent无辜的；D. distant遥远的。空格处和and前的“loud(响亮的)”相对应，声音应该是有力量的， 所故选A。 【5题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：试镜绝对是整个过程中很重要的一部分。A. ordinary普通的；B. independent独立的；C. additional额外的；D. important重要的。根据后文“I realised that if I wanted to live life to the fullest, I had to take”可知作者通过这次试镜明白自己如果想过最充实的生活就要抓住机会，可见这次试镜的经历对于作者的成长是很重要的，故选D。 【6题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我意识到，如果我想过充实的生活，我必须抓住机会。A. chances机会；B. turns转弯；C. measures措施；D. sides边。根据后文“Now, I do take these chances”指意识到自己要抓住机会。故选A。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，我确实每天都在尝试这些机会：在课堂讨论或辩论中表达我的观点，在教堂唱诗班里唱高音，骑马跳过三英尺高的距离。A. looking看；B. waiting等待；C. hoping希望；D. reaching到达。呼应上文“I reached for the high notes”指作者在教堂唱诗班里唱高音，故选D。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我没有成功进入田径队，但我也没有失败。A. visit拜访；B. make制作；C. admire欣赏；D. take带走。根据上文“And, the day I tried out for track was the first day my doctor allowed me to do any physical activity at all. The coach didn’t take me, so I started running with my mom.(而且，我参加田径比赛的那天是我的医生允许我做任何体育活动的第一天。教练没有带我去，所以我开始和妈妈一起跑)”可知，教练没有要作者，即作者没有成功进入田径队，make the team表示“入选队伍”。故选B。 【9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我终于学会了推动自己，比如上一门艰深的科学课一样。A. help帮助；B. enjoy欣赏；C. push推动；D. save挽救。后文“like taking a tough science course”去上困难的科学课说明作者学会了推动自己。故选C。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我开始意识到，即使我的父母，朋友和老师对“我应该做什么？”并不总是有答案，他们会在我努力的时候支持我。A. teach教学；B. watch看；C. trust信任；D. support支持。根据even though可知前后文为转折关系，前文指出父母、朋友和老师并不总是能够回答该怎么办的问题，这里应该表达的是在作者尝试的时候他们会支持作者，故选D。 二、阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分) A 语法填空 Animated feature “Ne Zha 2” has surpassed 2021 war epic “The Battle at Lake Changjin” ___11___ (become) the highest-grossing film of all time in China. As of 1:25p. m. Thursday, this animated blockbuster’s box office revenue had exceeded 5.77 billion yuan, ___12___ (achieve) the milestone in just eight days and five hours. This feat hasn’t happened with any other animated film, especially those more dependent on their worldwide acclaim liked Disney or Warner Bros: “Blockbusters are back in China, in a ___13___ (big) way than even the most optimistic among us could’ve imagined,” said Rich Gelfond, CEO of IMAX. 【答案】11. to become 12. achieving 13. bigger 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述动画电影《哪吒2》总票房超越《长津湖》，成为中国影史票房冠军！ 【11题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：动画电影《哪吒2》已经超过了2021年的战争史诗《长津湖》，成为中国有史以来票房最高的电影。become的逻辑主语是Animated feature “Ne Zha 2”，此处表示结果，使用动词不定式作结果状语，故填to become。 【12题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：截至周四下午1点25分，这部动画大片的票房收入已超过57.7亿元，仅用了8天零5个小时就达到了这一里程碑。achieve的逻辑主语是box office revenue，两者之间是主谓关系，使用现在分词作状语，故填achieving。 【13题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：“大片回归中国，其规模之大甚至超出了我们当中最乐观的人的想象，” IMAX的首席执行官Rich Gelfond说。根据than可知此处使用形容词比较级，故填bigger。 B 语法填空 A Yangge folk dance performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake has wowed users of some overseas social media, as the performance, using an innovative approach, ___14___ (combine) cultural heritage with cutting-edge technology. In the performance, 16 robots ___15___ (produce) by Chinese robotics company Unitree, dressing in northeastern Chinese style floral padded jackets, performed together with dancers from China’s Xinjiang Art Institute. The humanoid robots can not only ___16___ (smooth) twist their waists and mimic human leg-kicking movements, but also spin handkerchiefs, displaying extremely dexterous ___17___ (action). 【答案】14. combined 15. produced 16. smoothly 17. actions 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道，文章主要讲述2025年春节联欢晚会上的舞蹈《秧BOT》将传统歌舞和现代科技相融合，一经登台引发海内外观众的热烈讨论。 【14题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：在蛇年春节联欢晚会上，机器人表演的民间秧歌在一些海外社交媒体上惊艳了用户，因为表演采用了一种创新的方式，将文化遗产与尖端技术相结合。空处是as引导的原因状语从句的谓语部分，句子是描述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，故填combined。 【15题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：在表演中，16个由中国机器人公司Unitree生产的机器人穿着中国东北风格的花棉袄，与中国新疆艺术学院的舞者一起表演。句子的谓语动词为performed，空处应用非谓语动词，produce和逻辑主语16 robots之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作后置定语，故填produced。 【16题详解】 考查副词。句意：人形机器人不仅能流畅地扭动腰部，模仿人类的踢腿动作，还能转手帕，动作极其灵巧。空处修饰动词twist，应用副词形式，故填smoothly。 【17题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：同上。action是可数名词，根据语境，机器人展示出的动作不止一个，空处应用名词复数形式，故填actions。 C 语法填空 On Jan 20, Chinese artificial intelligence firm DeepSeek officially launched its latest AI model, DeepSeek-R1, positioning its ___18___ (perform)to rival OpenAI’s ol official version. The release of DeepSeek-R1 sent shockwaves through the US tech industry because it is fully open-source and achieved this breakthrough ___19___ an exceptionally low cost. DeepSeek can match the abilities of cutting-edge chatbots while using a fraction of the specialized computer chips that leading AI companies rely on. That’s prompted investors to rethink the heady valuations of companies like Nvidia, ___20___ equipment powers the most advanced AI systems, as well as the enormous investments that large companies are making to build their businesses. 【答案】18. performance 19. at 20. whose 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述中国人工智能公司DeepSeek正式推出其最新的AI模型DeepSeek-R1，引发全球关注，其性能比肩OpenAI的o1模型正式版，且训练成本低，超越ChatGPT以及一众生成式AI产品。 【18题详解】 考查名词。句意：1月20日，中国人工智能公司DeepSeek正式推出其最新的AI模型DeepSeek-R1，将其性能定位为与OpenAI的o1正式版相媲美。形容词性物主代词修饰名词，名词作宾语。performance“性能”不可数名词，故填performance。 【19题详解】 考查介词。句意：DeepSeek-R1的发布震惊了美国科技行业，因为它是完全开源的，并且以极低的成本实现了这一突破。at a…cost“以……成本”是固定短语。故填at。 【20题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：这促使投资者重新审视像英伟达（Nvidia）这样的公司——其设备为最先进的 AI 系统提供动力——的高估值，以及大型公司在建设业务上所进行的巨额投资。空处引导定语从句，修饰Nvidia，关系词从句中作定语，用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 第Ⅱ卷 阅读理解 三、阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。(共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分) A Dear Ms. Wang, I am writing to inform you of some arrangements about my composition course and Latin course next year. I’ve decided to re-establish the 5-paragraph essay as the goal for the composition course. I interviewed some of my former students and they all agreed that being able to write critically and continuouslywas important to them. So next academic year, Term 1 will be like always: sentences to paragraphing. And Term 2 will work toward the 5-paragraph essay. The final 3 weeks of Term 2 will be reserved tointroduce writing for TOEFL and CEE. By that time, if the students have done their job correctly, then they should be able to write quite well. As for the Latin course, I will post notices around campus next week so that the students will understand what’s on offer before I actually introduce the course. A number of students already emailed me about the course. I am sure you don’t understand what a big deal our opening this program at our school is. People around the world are interested in what we plan to do. There are many rewards available to the students who succeed in the course. Please share what I have said with the administration. I want them to understand the importance of this course. The reason I have contacted these colleagues (actually Oxford contacted me) isthatI have confidence in our students and in myself. I know that when those professors meet our students and hear them speaking and reading Latin, they are going to be amazed. It will open all sorts of doors for students that they never even thought of knocking on. Well, that’s it for now. I’ll see you soon. Yours, Edward Johnson 21. According to the letter what will Edward teach about writing in Term 1? A. Critical thinking. B. 5-paragraph essay. C. Sentences to paragraphing. D. Writing for TOEFL and CEE. 22. We can learn from the letter that Edward’s Latin course______. A. has aroused students’ interest B. enjoys a nationwide reputation C. has won a number of awards D. benefitsanyone who takes it 23. Why does Edward write this letter? A. To seek assistance from the administration. B. To inform the school of his course plans. C. To show his achievements in Latin. D. To apply for the teaching position. 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. B 【解析】 【分析】试题分析：本文是Edward Johnson写给学校的信，告诉对方自己新学期的课程教学计划。 【21题详解】 C 细节理解题。根据第一段第三句So next academic year, Term 1 will be like always: sentences to paragraphing.可知在Term1, Edward会从句子教到段落。故C项正确。 【22题详解】 A 推理判断题。根据第四段最后一句A number of students already emailed me about the course. 很多学生已经写信给我关于拉丁语课程的事情。说明拉丁课程已经引起了他们的注意。故A项正确。 【23题详解】 B 细节理解题。根据文章第一句I am writing to inform you of some arrangements about my composition course and Latin course next year. [Z+X+X+K可知Edward Johnson写信就是为了告诉对方自己的课程教学计划。故B项正确。 考点：考查应用文写作 B Charlie and Richard were cowboys. One cold December day in 1888 they were out looking for some lost cattle on the high Colorado Plateau. The snow was falling as they came to the edge of a rocky canyon — a valley with cliffs (悬崖) on either side of it. They looked down into it, and there, on the other side of the canyon, was an immense cave cut into the side of the cliff, and inside the cave there was a town! The town was in ruins. Nobody had lived there for years but there were still many buildings. Some were three storeys high. Most were rectangular. Others were round. Altogether, there were more than 200 rooms in the buildings. What was this place? Who had lived here? And why had they built their houses in a cave in a canyon? Today we call the place Cliff Palace and we know that it was built more than 750 years ago by a group of native Americans called the Anasazi. We also know that Cliff Palace is just one of many towns the Anasazi built in the canyons of Mesa Verde in Colorado. The rooms at Cliff Palace were about 19 metres by 2.4 metres and they had low ceilings. There was just about space enough for two or three people inside. So the people must have felt cramped when they lay down to sleep at night. It was a hard life for the Anasazi. Pots and clothes were repaired again and again. Building stones were reused. The people’s habit of throwing trash and human waste so close to their houses impaired their health. About half of their children died before they were four. Then, about 100 years after the Anasazi native Americans had built their cliff houses, they began moving away to the south to New Mexico and Arizona. By 1300, Mesa Verde was deserted. What happened? Scientists think they’ve found the answer in the trees of the Mesa Verde. When a tree is cut down, you see a series of rings on the trunk. Each ring represents a year of the tree’s life and the width of the ring tells you how much a tree grew in a particular year. When scientists examined the trees, they discovered that a terrible drought had affected the region around 1276. There was no water anywhere. The drought lasted for 24 years. With no rain, the crops wouldn’t grow, and there was no food. As the people moved away, they left many of their everyday objects in the houses. They probably thought they would return one day. But they never did. Their cliff homes lay lost for centuries, until discovered again by Charlie and Richard on that cold December day in 1888. 24. What can we know about Charlie and Richard? A. They raised cattle on a farm. B. They discovered a rocky canyon. C. They became experts in archaeology. D. They came across homes of the Anasazi. 25. Which of the following is TRUE? A. The Anasazi led a wealthy life in their town. B. Cliff Palace was the only place the Anasazi built. C. Some Anasazi probably got sick due to their habits. D. Cliff Palace tells us how the Anasazi built their homes. 26. The writer mentioned the trees to_____________. A. show what the weather was like B. display how important trees were C. predict when there will be a drought D. explain why the Anasazi left their homes 【答案】24. D 25. C 26. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章介绍了美国梅萨维德印第安遗址的历史。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Charlie and Richard were cowboys. One cold December day in 1888 they were out looking for some lost cattle on the high Colorado Plateau.(查理和理查德是牛仔。1888年12月的一个寒冷的日子，他们在科罗拉多高原上寻找丢失的牛)”“They looked down into it, and there, on the other side of the canyon, was an immense cave cut into the side of the cliff, and inside the cave there was a town!(他们往下看，在峡谷的另一边，是一个巨大的洞穴，在悬崖的一边，洞穴里有一个城镇！)”和第三段中“Today we call the place Cliff Palace and we know that it was built more than 750 years ago by a group of native Americans called the Anasazi.(今天我们称这个地方为悬崖宫，我们知道它是750多年前由一群叫做阿纳萨齐的印第安人建造的)”可知，寻找丢失的牛的Charlie和Richard偶然发现了阿纳萨齐人的家园，故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The people’s habit of throwing trash and human waste so close to their houses impaired their health. About half of their children died before they were four.(人们把垃圾和人类排泄物扔到离房子很近的地方的习惯损害了他们的健康。他们的孩子大约有一半在四岁前就夭折了)”可知，阿纳萨齐人的习惯损害了他们的健康，大约有一半孩子在四岁前就夭折了，所以一些人生病可能是由于他们的生活习惯导致的，故选C。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。倒数第三段“Then, about 100 years after the Anasazi native Americans had built their cliff houses, they began moving away to the south to New Mexico and Arizona. By 1300, Mesa Verde was deserted. What happened?(然后，在阿纳萨齐印第安人建造了他们的悬崖房屋大约100年后，他们开始向南迁移到新墨西哥州和亚利桑那州。到1300年，梅萨维德被遗弃了。发生了什么事?)”提到，阿纳萨齐人开始向南迁移到新墨西哥州和亚利桑那州，最终遗弃了梅萨维德，并提问离开家园的原因，倒数第二段中“Scientists think they’ve found the answer in the trees of the Mesa Verde.(科学家们认为他们已经在梅萨维德的树木中找到了答案)”提到科学家们认为他们已经在梅萨维德的树木中找到了答案，故作者提到树时为了揭示阿纳萨齐人离开家园的原因，故选D。 C Extraverts(外向型的人) are hugely sociable—they really care about their relationships, and possess outstanding social skills. Well, that’s how extraverts are generally described. But, according to new work, that’s not exactly how other people see them. In a series of studies reported in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Francis J. Flynn at Stanford University, US and colleagues consistently found that more extraverted people are considered to be poorer listeners. Their research also reveals a likely reason why. There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualises it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioural processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills. In an earlier study, 147 first-year business students, who met weekly in groups of six to work on leadership skills, rated the listening skills of everyone else in their group. The participants then completed a scale that assessed their own extraversion. The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the intraversion-extraversion spectrum (范围). Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations. As the team writes: “That is, despite the tendency for people to see extraverts as highly sociable, they tend to see this sociability as highly one-sided.” An online study of 337 US-based adults suggested why this might be. Fictional people who were described as highly extraverted were also perceived to be better at controlling and modifying how they come across to others. “To observers, this signal of malleable self-presentation suggests that extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say,” the team writes. It would be really interesting, though, to see work on the real-world implications of this particular belief. “For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes—so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behaviour with clients. A vast amount of research has been done on extraversion itself. “Our findings contribute to the study of extraversion by examining how people think about extraversion,” the researchers write. And for understanding conversations and relationships, which of course are two-way, that’s clearly important, too. 27. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Some reasons for poor listening ability. B. The participants’ perception of listening. C. A common understanding of good listening. D. Some practical skills in improving listening. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Being extraverted might be an unpleasant personality. B. Some people are afraid to assess their group members. C. Fictional people decrease the reliability of the research. D. Actual social relationship determines the scores of rating. 29. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Smart. B. Flexible. C. Consistent. D. Stable. 30. What message does the author probably convey to extroverted people? A. It is wise to listen more when communicating. B. Focusing on people’s eyes makes a good speaker. C. Rating oneself honestly helps one in social situations. D. It is necessary to change one’s self-presentation style. 【答案】27. C 28. A 29. B 30. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究发现越外向的人越不善于倾听。 【27题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段的主要内容，结合“There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualises it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioural processes. (对于什么是“好的”倾听，学术界还没有达成一致。但是，与其他一些研究人员一致，该团队将其概念化，包括与情绪相关的过程、认知过程和行为过程)”可知，本段主要介绍善于倾听的共同理解。故选C。 【28题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. (研究小组发现，那些自我报告外向性较高的人在倾听方面得分较低)”和第四段“However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the intraversion-extraversion spectrum(范围). Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations (然而，在这项研究中，人们的看法可能会受到他们与团队其他成员的实际社会关系的影响。因此，在随后的几乎所有研究中，新加入的一组参与者都对虚构人物的听力能力进行了评分，这些虚构人物被描述为内向型和外向型的不同类型。这些研究的结果支持了之前的发现。一次又一次地，外向的人被认为是社交场合中糟糕的倾听者)”可推断，外向可能是一种不讨人喜欢的性格。故选A。 【29题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后半句“extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say," the team writes. (外向者更感兴趣的是‘看起来像个参与者’，而不是关注别人说什么)”可知，外向者具有易改变的自我表现。所以malleable为“易改变的，灵活的”之意，故选B。 【30题详解】 推理判断题。根据全文可知，文章主要介绍越外向的人越不善于倾听，并结合倒数第二段的““For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes—so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behaviour with clients.(“例如，倾听已被确定为成功销售的关键，”该团队指出，因此，高度外向的销售人员尝试改变他们与客户的行为可能是明智的)”推断，作者可能向外向的人传达了交流时多听是明智的信息。故选A。 D Young Americans Are Less Wealthy Than Their Parents The cost of living in the United States is going up, notes writer Alissa Quartz. As is reported in New York Post, Quartz points to “the costs of housing, education and health care in particular.” At the same time, a new study, the report of which is called “The Fading American Dream” found that half of Americans born in the 1980s are falling behind their parents economically. These findings show that many younger adults are experiencing “downward mobility.” In other words, they are not doing as well economically as their parents were at the same age. The idea of downward mobility is especially troubling for Americans, writes Robert Samuelson in The Washington Post. He says most U.S. citizens believe that, over time, the amount of money they earn will rise and life will get easier. Alissa Quartz wrote a book about the financial difficulties of Americans. In the book, Quartz tells about teachers who are struggling to pay for regular costs. One high school teacher drives for ride sharing service Uber at night to earn more money. He corrects students’ papers between riders. A college professor turned to government assistance to feed her child and pay for a doctor. Quartz says even lawyers increasingly cannot earn an income that enables them to meet their needs. The problem of decreasing incomes in their field is made worse by debt they may have from law school. Quartz and the economists who studied these issues say many things have led to lower incomes and downward mobility. The economic recession（衰退） of 2007 to 2009 is partly to blame, they say. Modern technology also plays a part. Quartz says robots threaten to reduce the earnings of health care workers, reporters, and people who work at supermarkets, drug stores and tax preparation services. In The Washington Post, Robert Samuelson noted that poor schools, a weak housing industry and too many government rules are also to blame. With all these things, and more, partly responsible, what is the solution? These experts say the answer is complex. But all point to one issue that needs to be examined: economic inequality. Quartz writes that while America is one of the richest countries in the world, it also has one of the biggest divides between the wealthy and the poor. The researchers in “The Fading American Dream” study make a similar observation. They say raising GDP will not significantly improve the economic situation of most Americans. A higher GDP may help only those who are already doing well. Instead, the economists say, the United States could try to repeat something Americans born in the 1940s experienced. As those children grew up, they almost all benefited from a better economy. 31. The author mentions two reports in Paragraph 1 in order to ________. A. explain the results of two researches B introduce his opinions about the issue C. attract readers’ attention to health care D. lead to the topic of downward mobility 32. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. The causes of downward mobility. B. The influences of government rules. C. The negative effects of modern technology. D. The results of economic recession in America. 33. The author indicates in this passage that ________. A. raising GDP will greatly help the poor B. American economy has a bright future C. young Americans will repeat their parents’ experience D. it’s necessary to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor 34. We can learn from the passage that in America, ________. A. people miss the good old days in the 1940s B. people are suffering from a worse economy C. people are pessimistic about future economy D. people complain a lot about economic changes 【答案】31. D 32. A 33. D 34. B 【解析】 【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章指出美国现在年轻人的经济条件远比不上他们父母在他们这个年纪时的经济状况。文中提出了老师在经济上的困难作为例子，而造成这一情况的原因非常复杂，GDP的上升只不过对于那些情况已经很好的人有所帮助而已。经济学家指出，美国可以效仿40年代美国人所经历的事，或许可以使下一代获利。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。文章第一段提出了两个报告，在纽约邮报的报告中指出在住房、教育、医疗等方面的花费较多，在“消逝的美国梦”这一报告中指出约有五成的80后美国人在经济上不如他们的父母。文章第一段提出这两个研究作为本文的论点，用以引出后文的论据。文中第二段“These findings show that many younger adults are experiencing “downward mobility.””指代的第一段提到的两个报告，而这两个报告是关于“downward mobility”，故D项正确。 【32题详解】 主旨大意题。该段首先提出了两个例子，一是大学教授要申请政府补助来养小孩、看医生，而是一些律师也要还在法律学校时的账单。Quartz和一些研究此现象的经济学家指出引发低收入和经济衰退的原因是非常复杂的，接着又进行举例，如07-09年的经济衰退，现代科技的发展可能会减少某些工作人员的收入。《华盛顿邮报》中，罗伯特·萨缪尔森指出，糟糕的学校、疲软的房地产业以及太多的政府规定也是罪魁祸首。所以本段主要是分析“向下流动”的原因。故A项正确。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。文中最后一段提到“A higher GDP may help only those who are already doing well.” GDP的增长只会有利于那些情况还不错的人，不会帮助穷人，故A项错误。文中第一段提到 “The Fading American Dream”这一报告，已经是“消逝的美国梦”，美国经济未来堪忧，故B项错误。文中第二段提到“they are not doing as well economically as their parents were at the same age.”现在的美国人无法达到他们父母在这个年纪时取得的成就，故C项错误。文中第五段提到“what is the solution? These experts say the answer is complex. But all point to one issue that needs to be examined: economic inequality.”解决经济问题的答案虽然很复杂，但是有一项是必须要解决的，即贫富差距。故D项正确。 【34题详解】 细节理解题。文中最后一段提到“As those children grew up, they almost all benefited from a better economy.”当实施了一些计划后，下一代美国人可能会受益于一个更好的经济。说明现在社会经济处于一个糟糕的阶段。故B项正确。 【点睛】在阅读理解题型中，第一段的作用相当重要，在记叙文阅读中，第一段起着总起全文、介绍文章背景人物等作用。在议论文阅读中，第一段起着引出下文的作用，而第二段则会有相应的代词来承接第一段所述内容。如本文中第一段提到了两个研究发现，在第二段第一句出现“these findings”，起到了非常明显的承上启下的作用。 四、根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分) Third-Culture Kids Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a totally different country? If so, then you are a third-culture kid! The term “third-culture kid” (or TCK) was coined in the 1960s by Dr. Ruth. She first came across this phenomenon when she researched North American children living in India. Caught between two cultures, they form their very own. ___35___About 90 percent of them have a university degree, while 40 percent pursue a postgraduate or doctor degree. They usually benefit from their intercultural experience, which helps them to grow into successful academics and professionals. ___36___ In fact many hardships may arise from this phenomenon. A third-culture kid may not be able to adapt themselves completely to their new surroundings as expected. Instead, they may always remain an outsider in different host cultures. Max, for example, experienced this fundamental feeling of strangeness throughout his life as a third-culture kid. ___37___ While this can be a way to create a network of friends all around the world, it can be difficult for a third-culture kid like Max to maintain close friendships and relationships. For a third-culture kid, it is often easier to move to a new foreign country than to return to their “home” country. After living in Australia and South Korea for many years, Louis finally returned to Turkey as a teenager. But she felt out of place when she returned to the country where she was born. ___38___ She did not share the same values as her friends’ even years after going back home. While a third-culture kid must let go of their identity as foreigner when he/she returns, the home country can prove to be more foreign than anything he/she came across before. The peer group they face does not match the idealized image children have of “home”.___39___ As a part of the growing “culture”, TCKs may find it a great challenge for them to feel at home in many places. A. Yet being a third-culture kid is not always easy. B. In general, they often reach excellent academic results. C. This often makes it hard for them to form their own identity. D. However, their parents can help them see the opportunities of a mobile lifestyle. E. Their experience abroad helps them to gain a better understanding of cultural differences. F. Unlike other teens of her age, she didn’t know anything about current TV shows or fashion trends. G. Additionally, making new friends and saying goodbye to old ones will at some point become routine for a third-culture kid. 【答案】35. B 36. A 37. G 38. F 39. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了“第三文化儿童”这一社会现象，介绍了这类人群的特点以及遇到的困难。 【35题详解】 根据后文“About 90 percent of them have a university degree, while 40 percent pursue a postgraduate or doctor degree. They usually benefit from their intercultural experience, which helps them to grow into successful academics and professionals.(其中约90%人拥有大学学位，40%的人攻读研究生或博士学位。他们通常会从跨文化的经历中受益，这有助于他们成长为成功的学者和专业人士)”可知，第三文化的孩子大多数拥有大学学位，40%的人攻读研究生或博士学位，可见他们的学习都很好，学术成绩都很优秀。故B选项“一般来说，他们的学术成绩都很优秀”符合语境。故选B。 【36题详解】 根据后文“In fact many hardships may arise from this phenomenon. A third-culture kid may not be able to adapt themselves completely to their new surroundings as expected. Instead, they may always remain an outsider in different host cultures. Max, for example, experienced this fundamental feeling of strangeness throughout his life as a third-culture kid.(事实上，这种现象可能会带来很多困难。第三种文化的孩子可能无法像预期的那样完全适应新环境。相反，在不同的东道主文化中，他们可能永远是一个局外人。例如，马克斯作为一个第三种文化的孩子，在他的一生中经历了这种基本的陌生感)”可知，后文列举了第三种文化的孩子遇到的困难，可见他们的生活并不总是容易的。故A选项“然而，作为第三种文化背景的孩子并不总是容易的”符合语境。故选A。 【37题详解】 根据后文“While this can be a way to create a network of friends all around the world, it can be difficult for a third-culture kid like Max to maintain close friendships and relationships.(虽然这是一种在世界各地建立朋友网络的方法，但对于像马克斯这样的第三文化孩子来说，维持亲密的友谊和关系可能是困难的)”可知，后文提到了维持友谊和关系的困难，可推测本句是在说明第三文化孩子在交友方面的困难。故G选项“此外，结交新朋友和告别老朋友在某种程度上会成为第三文化孩子的例行公事”符合语境。故选G。 【38题详解】 根据上文“For a third-culture kid, it is often easier to move to a new foreign country than to return to their “home” country. After living in Australia and South Korea for many years, Louis finally returned to Turkey as a teenager. But she felt out of place when she returned to the country where she was born.(对于第三种文化背景的孩子来说，移居到一个新的国家往往比回到他们的“祖国”更容易。在澳大利亚和韩国生活多年后，路易终于在十几岁时回到土耳其。但当她回到她出生的国家时，她感到很不自在)”以及后文“She did not share the same values as her friends’ even years after going back home.(即使回国多年后，她也没有和朋友们分享同样的价值观)”可知，本句应是在说明路易回到出生国家感到不自在的地方，故F选项“不像其他同龄人，她对当前的电视节目或时尚趋势一无所知”符合语境。故选F。 【39题详解】 根据上文“While a third-culture kid must let go of their identity as foreigner when he/she returns, the home country can prove to be more foreign than anything he/she came across before. The peer group they face does not match the idealized image children have of “home”.(当第三种文化背景的孩子回国时，必须放弃他们作为外国人的身份，而祖国可能会证明比他/她之前遇到的任何东西都更外国。他们所面对的同龄群体与孩子们心目中理想的“家”形象并不相符)”可知，本段主要是关于第三文化孩子关于身份的形成困难，C选项中identity对应上文中identity。故C选项“这常常使他们很难形成自己的身份”符合语境。故选C。 第Ⅲ卷 书面表达 五、阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。(共4小题; 第40、. 41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题 You’re sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns. Suddenly, you’re yawning with him, though you’re not tired. This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathise with fellow humans. Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious yawning, as they couldn’t read body language. Hugo, a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which proves that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. According to Hugo, our mind and body are in constant exchange about how we’re feeling. “Emotions are closely linked with states of internal responses,” he explained. “There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions. When we’re in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there is an obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.” Hugo further explained, “Our bodies synchronise and when we like the other person, we even copy his behaviour. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you’ re sitting—it’s pretty likely that you will be the same. Scientists believe it’s our way of telling each other that you’re partners. Through body language, humans give each other very subtle but clear signals that show emotions.” So, what lessons can we learn from this? “Spend time with happy people—otherwise your health could suffer,” said Hugo. “When we’re sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.” 40. What does the example in Para. 2 support? ____________________________________________________ 41. Why do we copy other person’s behaviour according to Hugo? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, and then underline it and correct it. When we are in a group, visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions tend to spread among us, and there are more obvious changes such as changes in our blood pressure and heart rate. ____________________________________________________ 43. Do you agree with what Hugo said in the last paragraph? Give some reasons. ____________________________________________________ 【答案】40. It supports the idea that people tend to sympathise with fellow humans. 41. Because it’s our way of telling each other that you’re partners. 42. When we are in a group, visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions tend to spread among us, and there are more obvious changes such as changes in our blood pressure and heart rate. Because there are less obvious changes such as changes in our blood rate and heart rate. 43. Yes. Because Being around happy people is good for your health，making us feel relaxed and positive. 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章探讨了情绪和行为的传染性，以及这种传染性对个人健康和人际关系的影响。文章通过科学研究和实验结果，揭示了人们在群体中如何通过肢体语言和情绪信号相互影响，并强调了与快乐的人相处对健康和情绪的积极影响。 【40题详解】 考查推理判断。根据第二段内容“This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathise with fellow humans. Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious yawning, as they couldn’t read body language.( 这种现象困扰了科学家多年，直到最近一项研究发现，人们倾向于对他人的感受产生共鸣。支持这一说法的是一个发现：那些无法与他人建立正常情感联系的儿童不会经历“传染性打哈欠”，因为他们无法读懂肢体语言。)”可知，那些无法与他人建立正常情感联系的儿童不会经历“传染性打哈欠”，因为他们无法读懂肢体语言。因此推断这个例子支持了文章开头提到的观点，即人们倾向于对他人产生共鸣（sympathise with fellow humans）。故答案为It supports the idea that people tend to sympathise with fellow humans.。 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第四段内容“Hugo further explained, “Our bodies synchronise and when we like the other person, we even copy his behaviour. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you’ re sitting—it’s pretty likely that you will be the same. Scientists believe it’s our way of telling each other that you’re partners. Through body language, humans give each other very subtle but clear signals that show emotions.”(Hugo进一步解释说：“当我们在群体中时，我们的身体会与他人同步，当我们喜欢对方时，我们甚至会模仿他的行为。下次你和朋友聊天时，注意一下你们的坐姿——很可能你们的姿势是一样的。科学家认为，这是我们在用一种方式告诉对方我们是伙伴。通过肢体语言，人们会传递出非常微妙但清晰的信号，以表达情绪。”)”可知，根据 Hugo 的解释，我们模仿他人的行为是因为我们的身体会与他人同步，尤其是当我们喜欢对方时，我们会不自觉地模仿对方的行为。科学家认为，这是一种向他人表明我们是“伙伴”的方式。通过肢体语言，人们会传递出微妙但清晰的信号，以表达情感。故答案为Because it’s our way of telling each other that you’re partners.。 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段的“There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions. When we’re in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there is an obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.(当我们处于群体中时，这些信号会传播给另一个人。例如，当别人对我们微笑时，我们明显倾向于回以微笑，还有些不太明显的变化反映了惊讶、愤怒或悲伤等情绪，比如我们的心率和血压的变化。)”可知，当我们处于群体中是，肢体语言和面部表情的变化是“更明显”的，而血压和心率的变化是“不太明显”的。故答案为When we are in a group, visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions tend to spread among us, and there are more obvious changes such as changes in our blood pressure and heart rate. Because there are less obvious changes such as changes in our blood rate and heart rate.。 【43题详解】 开放式问题。可能的答案是同意Hugo说的，根据最后一段Hugo说的话““Spend time with happy people—otherwise your health could suffer,” said Hugo. “When we’re sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.”( “要多和快乐的人在一起，否则你的健康可能会受到影响。”“当我们悲伤时，身体会进入战斗或逃跑模式。但当我们快乐时，身体会正常工作，我们感到放松和积极。我们看起来容光焕发，皮肤有光泽，感觉健康，而且这种状态也会影响到周围的人。”)”可知，Hugo 在最后一段中提到，与快乐的人相处对健康有益，因为快乐的情绪能够传播，而悲伤的情绪会让身体进入“战斗或逃跑”模式。故答案为Yes. Because Being around happy people is good for your health, making us feel relaxed and positive.。 六、书面表达(共1题, 20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你准备在本学期参加学校组织的英语演讲比赛，在准备期间遇到了困难。请给你校的外教Jim写一封邮件，向他寻求帮助，内容包括： 1. 介绍比赛的相关信息； 2. 说明你遇到的困难。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, How is everything going? I’m Li Hua from Class 1. I’m writing to ask you for some help. Aiming to inspire our enthusiasm for English, our school will hold an English speech competition themed English Studying. Some challenges do exist during my preparation. Choosing what to say is exactly the problem I’m stuck in at the moment. I’m not sure which material can be most inviting and enlightening so your opinion, due to your rich experience, is quite vital for me. Moreover, I’m a little worried about my English pronunciation. How can I be more natural? I would be very grateful if you could offer me a hand. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给学校外教Jim写一封邮件，就在准备英语演讲比赛期间遇到的困难向他寻求帮助。 【详解】1.词汇积累 向某人求助：ask sb for help→turn to sb 比赛：competition→contest 由于：due to→because of 此外：moreover→what’s more 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：Aiming to inspire our enthusiasm for English, our school will hold an English speech competition themed English Studying. 拓展句：Our school will hold an English speech competition themed English Studying, which aims to inspire our enthusiasm for English. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Choosing what to say is exactly the problem I’m stuck in at the moment.（运用了省略关系词的定语从句） 【高分句型2】I would be very grateful if you could offer me a hand.（运用了if引导的条件状语从句） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2024-2025 学年度第二学期高三年级阶段检测试卷 高三年级英语学科 命题人: 高三年级英语学科备课组 2025年2月 本试卷分第I卷、第II卷、和第Ⅲ卷三部分, 共100分, 考试用时90分钟。考试结束后, 将本试卷与答题纸一并交回。祝各位考生考试顺利! 第Ⅰ卷 知识运用 一、阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。(共 10小题; 每小题 1.5 分, 共 15分) Taking Chances I used to be afraid of making mistakes. I kept asking others “what should I do” all the time and even made “doing it the right way” my motto. However, sometime during my high school years, I ___1___ . Maybe it was when I decided to try for the lead in “Beauty and the Beast”. Never mind that I would have to memorise lines and rehearse movements, I would take the chance that I might ___2___ in failure. On the day of tryout, my heart was pounding; my hands were ___3___ badly when I got up to sing. But when I opened my mouth, the sound was loud and ___4___ . I reached for the high notes that sometimes were beyond my reach. I was trying to do my best even though I might fail. But I didn’t! The audition (试镜) was definitely an ___5___ part of the process. I realized that if I wanted to live life to the fullest, I had to take ___6___ . Now, I do take these chances, with baby steps, every day: voicing my opinions in class discussions or debates, ___7___ for a high note in the church choir, riding my horse over a three-foot jump. Three years ago, I broke my back when I fell from my horse. The injury meant I couldn’t try out for basketball, which I loved. And, the day I tried out for track was the first day my doctor allowed me to do any physical activity at all. The coach didn’t take me, so I started running with my mom. No stopwatches. No cheering crowds. I didn’t ___8___ the track team, but I didn’t fail, either. I have finally learnt to ___9___ myself, like taking a tough science course. And I have come to realize that even though my parents, friends and teachers don’t always have the answer to “What should I do?”, they will be there to ___10___ me when I try. “Life is learning to deal with Plan B,” my mother stated in her speech. But I now know that the Plan I make for my life will become easier and easier with every chance I take. 1. A. survived B. learnt C. changed D. quitted 2. A. show up B. take up C. end up D. give up 3. A. hurting B. shaking C. suffering D. struggling 4. A. powerful B. gentle C. innocent D. distant 5. A. ordinary B. independent C. additional D. important 6. A. chances B. turns C. measures D. sides 7. A. looking B. waiting C. hoping D. reaching 8. A. visit B. make C. admire D. take 9. A. help B. enjoy C. push D. save 10. A. teach B. watch C. trust D. support 二、阅读下列短文, 根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词, 在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。(共10小题; 每小题1.5分, 共15分) A 语法填空 Animated feature “Ne Zha 2” has surpassed 2021 war epic “The Battle at Lake Changjin” ___11___ (become) the highest-grossing film of all time in China. As of 1:25p. m. Thursday, this animated blockbuster’s box office revenue had exceeded 5.77 billion yuan, ___12___ (achieve) the milestone in just eight days and five hours. This feat hasn’t happened with any other animated film, especially those more dependent on their worldwide acclaim liked Disney or Warner Bros: “Blockbusters are back in China, in a ___13___ (big) way than even the most optimistic among us could’ve imagined,” said Rich Gelfond, CEO of IMAX. B 语法填空 A Yangge folk dance performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake has wowed users of some overseas social media, as the performance, using an innovative approach, ___14___ (combine) cultural heritage with cutting-edge technology. In the performance, 16 robots ___15___ (produce) by Chinese robotics company Unitree, dressing in northeastern Chinese style floral padded jackets, performed together with dancers from China’s Xinjiang Art Institute. The humanoid robots can not only ___16___ (smooth) twist their waists and mimic human leg-kicking movements, but also spin handkerchiefs, displaying extremely dexterous ___17___ (action). C 语法填空 On Jan 20, Chinese artificial intelligence firm DeepSeek officially launched its latest AI model, DeepSeek-R1, positioning its ___18___ (perform)to rival OpenAI’s ol official version. The release of DeepSeek-R1 sent shockwaves through the US tech industry because it is fully open-source and achieved this breakthrough ___19___ an exceptionally low cost. DeepSeek can match the abilities of cutting-edge chatbots while using a fraction of the specialized computer chips that leading AI companies rely on. That’s prompted investors to rethink the heady valuations of companies like Nvidia, ___20___ equipment powers the most advanced AI systems, as well as the enormous investments that large companies are making to build their businesses. 第Ⅱ卷 阅读理解 三、阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项。(共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分) A Dear Ms. Wang, I am writing to inform you of some arrangements about my composition course and Latin course next year. I’ve decided to re-establish the 5-paragraph essay as the goal for the composition course. I interviewed some of my former students and they all agreed that being able to write critically and continuouslywas important to them. So next academic year, Term 1 will be like always: sentences to paragraphing. And Term 2 will work toward the 5-paragraph essay. The final 3 weeks of Term 2 will be reserved tointroduce writing for TOEFL and CEE. By that time, if the students have done their job correctly, then they should be able to write quite well. As for the Latin course, I will post notices around campus next week so that the students will understand what’s on offer before I actually introduce the course. A number of students already emailed me about the course. I am sure you don’t understand what a big deal our opening this program at our school is. People around the world are interested in what we plan to do. There are many rewards available to the students who succeed in the course. Please share what I have said with the administration. I want them to understand the importance of this course. The reason I have contacted these colleagues (actually Oxford contacted me) isthatI have confidence in our students and in myself. I know that when those professors meet our students and hear them speaking and reading Latin, they are going to be amazed. It will open all sorts of doors for students that they never even thought of knocking on. Well, that’s it for now. I’ll see you soon. Yours, Edward Johnson 21. According to the letter, what will Edward teach about writing in Term 1? A. Critical thinking. B. 5-paragraph essay. C. Sentences to paragraphing. D. Writing for TOEFL and CEE. 22. We can learn from the letter that Edward’s Latin course______. A. has aroused students’ interest B. enjoys a nationwide reputation C. has won a number of awards D. benefitsanyone who takes it 23. Why does Edward write this letter? A. To seek assistance from the administration. B. To inform the school of his course plans. C. To show his achievements in Latin. D. To apply for the teaching position. B Charlie and Richard were cowboys. One cold December day in 1888 they were out looking for some lost cattle on the high Colorado Plateau. The snow was falling as they came to the edge of a rocky canyon — a valley with cliffs (悬崖) on either side of it. They looked down into it, and there, on the other side of the canyon, was an immense cave cut into the side of the cliff, and inside the cave there was a town! The town was in ruins. Nobody had lived there for years but there were still many buildings. Some were three storeys high. Most were rectangular. Others were round. Altogether, there were more than 200 rooms in the buildings. What was this place? Who had lived here? And why had they built their houses in a cave in a canyon? Today we call the place Cliff Palace and we know that it was built more than 750 years ago by a group of native Americans called the Anasazi. We also know that Cliff Palace is just one of many towns the Anasazi built in the canyons of Mesa Verde in Colorado. The rooms at Cliff Palace were about 1.9 metres by 2.4 metres and they had low ceilings. There was just about space enough for two or three people inside. So the people must have felt cramped when they lay down to sleep at night. It was a hard life for the Anasazi. Pots and clothes were repaired again and again. Building stones were reused. The people’s habit of throwing trash and human waste so close to their houses impaired their health. About half of their children died before they were four. Then, about 100 years after the Anasazi native Americans had built their cliff houses, they began moving away to the south to New Mexico and Arizona. By 1300, Mesa Verde was deserted. What happened? Scientists think they’ve found the answer in the trees of the Mesa Verde. When a tree is cut down, you see a series of rings on the trunk. Each ring represents a year of the tree’s life and the width of the ring tells you how much a tree grew in a particular year. When scientists examined the trees, they discovered that a terrible drought had affected the region around 1276. There was no water anywhere. The drought lasted for 24 years. With no rain, the crops wouldn’t grow, and there was no food. As the people moved away, they left many of their everyday objects in the houses. They probably thought they would return one day. But they never did. Their cliff homes lay lost for centuries, until discovered again by Charlie and Richard on that cold December day in 1888. 24. What can we know about Charlie and Richard? A. They raised cattle on a farm. B. They discovered a rocky canyon. C. They became experts in archaeology. D. They came across homes of the Anasazi. 25. Which of the following is TRUE? A The Anasazi led a wealthy life in their town. B. Cliff Palace was the only place the Anasazi built. C. Some Anasazi probably got sick due to their habits. D. Cliff Palace tells us how the Anasazi built their homes. 26. The writer mentioned the trees to_____________. A. show what the weather was like B. display how important trees were C. predict when there will be a drought D. explain why the Anasazi left their homes C Extraverts(外向型的人) are hugely sociable—they really care about their relationships, and possess outstanding social skills. Well, that’s how extraverts are generally described. But, according to new work, that’s not exactly how other people see them. In a series of studies reported in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Francis J. Flynn at Stanford University, US and colleagues consistently found that more extraverted people are considered to be poorer listeners. Their research also reveals a likely reason why. There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualises it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioural processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills. In an earlier study, 147 first-year business students, who met weekly in groups of six to work on leadership skills, rated the listening skills of everyone else in their group. The participants then completed a scale that assessed their own extraversion. The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening. However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the intraversion-extraversion spectrum (范围). Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations. As the team writes: “That is, despite the tendency for people to see extraverts as highly sociable, they tend to see this sociability as highly one-sided.” An online study of 337 US-based adults suggested why this might be. Fictional people who were described as highly extraverted were also perceived to be better at controlling and modifying how they come across to others. “To observers, this signal of malleable self-presentation suggests that extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say,” the team writes. It would be really interesting, though, to see work on the real-world implications of this particular belief. “For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes—so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behaviour with clients. A vast amount of research has been done on extraversion itself. “Our findings contribute to the study of extraversion by examining how people think about extraversion,” the researchers write. And for understanding conversations and relationships, which of course are two-way, that’s clearly important, too. 27. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Some reasons for poor listening ability. B. The participants’ perception of listening. C. A common understanding of good listening. D. Some practical skills in improving listening. 28. What can we learn from the passage? A. Being extraverted might be an unpleasant personality. B Some people are afraid to assess their group members. C. Fictional people decrease the reliability of the research. D. Actual social relationship determines the scores of rating. 29. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean? A. Smart. B. Flexible. C. Consistent. D. Stable. 30 What message does the author probably convey to extroverted people? A. It is wise to listen more when communicating. B. Focusing on people’s eyes makes a good speaker. C. Rating oneself honestly helps one in social situations. D. It is necessary to change one’s self-presentation style. D Young Americans Are Less Wealthy Than Their Parents The cost of living in the United States is going up, notes writer Alissa Quartz. As is reported in New York Post, Quartz points to “the costs of housing, education and health care in particular.” At the same time, a new study, the report of which is called “The Fading American Dream” found that half of Americans born in the 1980s are falling behind their parents economically. These findings show that many younger adults are experiencing “downward mobility.” In other words, they are not doing as well economically as their parents were at the same age. The idea of downward mobility is especially troubling for Americans, writes Robert Samuelson in The Washington Post. He says most U.S. citizens believe that, over time, the amount of money they earn will rise and life will get easier. Alissa Quartz wrote a book about the financial difficulties of Americans. In the book, Quartz tells about teachers who are struggling to pay for regular costs. One high school teacher drives for ride sharing service Uber at night to earn more money. He corrects students’ papers between riders. A college professor turned to government assistance to feed her child and pay for a doctor. Quartz says even lawyers increasingly cannot earn an income that enables them to meet their needs. The problem of decreasing incomes in their field is made worse by debt they may have from law school. Quartz and the economists who studied these issues say many things have led to lower incomes and downward mobility. The economic recession（衰退） of 2007 to 2009 is partly to blame, they say. Modern technology also plays a part. Quartz says robots threaten to reduce the earnings of health care workers, reporters, and people who work at supermarkets, drug stores and tax preparation services. In The Washington Post, Robert Samuelson noted that poor schools, a weak housing industry and too many government rules are also to blame. With all these things, and more, partly responsible, what is the solution? These experts say the answer is complex. But all point to one issue that needs to be examined: economic inequality. Quartz writes that while America is one of the richest countries in the world, it also has one of the biggest divides between the wealthy and the poor. The researchers in “The Fading American Dream” study make a similar observation. They say raising GDP will not significantly improve the economic situation of most Americans. A higher GDP may help only those who are already doing well. Instead, the economists say, the United States could try to repeat something Americans born in the 1940s experienced. As those children grew up, they almost all benefited from a better economy. 31. The author mentions two reports in Paragraph 1 in order to ________. A. explain the results of two researches B. introduce his opinions about the issue C. attract readers’ attention to health care D. lead to the topic of downward mobility 32. What’s the main idea of Paragraph 4? A. The causes of downward mobility. B. The influences of government rules. C. The negative effects of modern technology. D. The results of economic recession in America. 33. The author indicates in this passage that ________. A. raising GDP will greatly help the poor B. American economy has a bright future C. young Americans will repeat their parents’ experience D. it’s necessary to narrow the gap between the rich and the poor 34. We can learn from the passage that in America, ________. A. people miss the good old days in the 1940s B. people are suffering from a worse economy C. people are pessimistic about future economy D. people complain a lot about economic changes 四、根据短文内容, 从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。(共5小题; 每小题2分, 共10分) Third-Culture Kids Did you grow up in one culture, your parents came from another, and you are now living in a totally different country? If so, then you are a third-culture kid! The term “third-culture kid” (or TCK) was coined in the 1960s by Dr. Ruth. She first came across this phenomenon when she researched North American children living in India. Caught between two cultures, they form their very own. ___35___About 90 percent of them have a university degree, while 40 percent pursue a postgraduate or doctor degree. They usually benefit from their intercultural experience, which helps them to grow into successful academics and professionals. ___36___ In fact many hardships may arise from this phenomenon. A third-culture kid may not be able to adapt themselves completely to their new surroundings as expected. Instead, they may always remain an outsider in different host cultures. Max, for example, experienced this fundamental feeling of strangeness throughout his life as a third-culture kid. ___37___ While this can be a way to create a network of friends all around the world, it can be difficult for a third-culture kid like Max to maintain close friendships and relationships. For a third-culture kid, it is often easier to move to a new foreign country than to return to their “home” country. After living in Australia and South Korea for many years, Louis finally returned to Turkey as a teenager. But she felt out of place when she returned to the country where she was born. ___38___ She did not share the same values as her friends’ even years after going back home. While a third-culture kid must let go of their identity as foreigner when he/she returns, the home country can prove to be more foreign than anything he/she came across before. The peer group they face does not match the idealized image children have of “home”.___39___ As a part of the growing “culture”, TCKs may find it a great challenge for them to feel at home in many places. A. Yet being a third-culture kid is not always easy. B. In general, they often reach excellent academic results. C. This often makes it hard for them to form their own identity. D. However their parents can help them see the opportunities of a mobile lifestyle. E. Their experience abroad helps them to gain a better understanding of cultural differences. F. Unlike other teens of her age, she didn’t know anything about current TV shows or fashion trends. G. Additionally, making new friends and saying goodbye to old ones will at some point become routine for a third-culture kid. 第Ⅲ卷 书面表达 五、阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题。(共4小题; 第40、. 41题各2分, 第42题3分, 第43题5分, 共12分) 阅读下面短文, 根据题目要求用英文回答问题 You’re sitting on the train home and the person opposite you yawns. Suddenly, you’re yawning with him, though you’re not tired. This phenomenon confused scientists for years until a recent study found that people tend to sympathise with fellow humans. Supporting this claim was the discovery that those children who were unable to form normal emotional ties with others did not experience contagious yawning, as they couldn’t read body language. Hugo, a neuroscientist, has conducted an experiment recently, which proves that happiness and sadness can spread like the common cold. According to Hugo, our mind and body are in constant exchange about how we’re feeling. “Emotions are closely linked with states of internal responses,” he explained. “There are also more visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions. When we’re in a group, these signals can spread to another person. For example, there is an obvious tendency to smile when smiled at and there are less obvious changes that reflect emotions of surprise, anger or sadness such as a change in our heart rate and blood pressure.” Hugo further explained, “Our bodies synchronise and when we like the other person, we even copy his behaviour. Next time you chat with a friend, take note of how you’ re sitting—it’s pretty likely that you will be the same. Scientists believe it’s our way of telling each other that you’re partners. Through body language, humans give each other very subtle but clear signals that show emotions.” So, what lessons can we learn from this? “Spend time with happy people—otherwise your health could suffer,” said Hugo. “When we’re sad, our body goes into fight or flight mode. But when we’re happy, our body works normally and we feel relaxed and positive. So we look bright, our skin glows, we feel healthy and it affects everyone around us.” 40. What does the example in Para. 2 support? ____________________________________________________ 41. Why do we copy other person’s behaviour according to Hugo? ____________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, and then underline it and correct it. When we are in a group, visible changes in our gestures and facial expressions tend to spread among us, and there are more obvious changes such as changes in our blood pressure and heart rate. ____________________________________________________ 43. Do you agree with what Hugo said in the last paragraph? Give some reasons. ____________________________________________________ 六、书面表达(共1题, 20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你准备在本学期参加学校组织的英语演讲比赛，在准备期间遇到了困难。请给你校的外教Jim写一封邮件，向他寻求帮助，内容包括： 1. 介绍比赛的相关信息； 2. 说明你遇到困难。 注意：1. 词数 100 左右； 2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。 Dear Jim, ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$