精品解析：浙江省丽水市遂昌中学2024-2025学年高二上学期1月期末英语试题

遂昌中学2026届高二年级第一学期期末测试 英语试题卷 本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。第I卷1至8页，第II卷9至10页。 第I卷 注意事项： 1. 答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷上。 2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do we know about Tom? A. He’s just finished a piano lesson. B. He loves playing the guitar. C. He plays drums in a band. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a café. B. At a university. C. At an animal shelter. 3. How can the man’s recipe be described? A. It’s a reward. B. It’s a success. C. It’s a problem. 4. What do the speakers have in common? A. They are both big readers. B. They are both in the library. C. They both have just finished a book. 5. What is the woman’s duty in the event? A. To make food. B. To play in the band. C. To give directions. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the woman from? A. Spain. B. Italy. C. Finland. 7. Why is the woman at the conference? A. To do some research.   B. To represent her company. C. To look for some service providers. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman call the man? A. To ask him to help her study.   B. To invite him for boating. C. To confirm the holiday time. 9. What does the woman promise the man to do in the end? A. Help him rent a car.   B. Bring something for him. C. Call him soon. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How much does the man have to pay in total? A. $20.   B. $25.   C. $45. 11. How did the man get his shirt dirty? A. By doing some cooking.      B. By eating noodles. C. By washing the dishes. 12. When can the man get his shirt back at the earliest? A. On Sunday. B. On Monday. C. On Tuesday. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. TV host and guest.   B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and secretary. 14. What did the man do in his last job? A. It makes students lose focus. B. It leads to violence. C. It occupies too much time. 15. What’s the woman’s response to the professor’s opinion? A. She is very angry. B. She doesn’t bother to argue. C. She totally agrees. 16. Who actually invented the toy? A. Jill Meanley.  B. Catherine Hettinger.       C. Scott McCoskery. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What can be affected certainly if teenagers lack sleep? A. Their spirits. B. Their long-term health. C. Their academic performance. 18. What is to blame for teenagers not getting enough sleep? A. Too much entertainment.  B. Lack of exercise. C. Poor diet. 19. What advice does the speaker give to teenagers having sleep trouble? A. Listening to music.   B. Reading a book.      C. Drinking hot chocolate. 20. What does the speaker suggest schools do? A. Start and end the school day later.    B. Shorten the school day. C. Offer art classes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答题卡上的相应选项涂黑。 A We all long for friendship, but how to make a friend? “The best time to make a friend is before you need one.” Joy Steven said. The following are some tips for you. People equal friends Friends usually begin with strangers. Getting in touch with other people is the first step to make a friend. Friends can’t be made in empty air. Best friends take time to make. Friends understand friends Friends understand each other when talking. Many unpleasant personal quarrels can be avoided if you will take the time to understand others’ feelings and points of view. Friends touch friends Touching is a warm form of communication between friends. When you see best friends communicating, you will notice them stand close together, touch each other comfortably and listen to each other. Sometimes a friendly touch is more powerful than words. Friends praise friends Praise is a powerful tool to make a friend. Honest praise can affect (影响) your friends’ lives. So try to praise your friends, including your general ones. Friends can loyal (忠诚的) and trustworthy Trust and loyalty go hand in hand for friends. Friends can share secrets with you, because good friends never break confidence (信心) and are loyal forever. 1. From Joy Steven’s words, we can conclude that ________ A. a friend in need is a friend indeed B. it is never too late to make a friend C it is late to make a friend when you need one D. everyone needs a friend in his life 2. To make and keep many friends, you need to do the following EXCEPT ___________. A. get in touch with people B. understand your friends C. praise your friends D. quarrel with your friends 3. The passage mainly tells us ______________. A. how to communicate with a friend B. how to develop friendship C. when to make a friend D. how to praise a friend B As a society we might want to rethink the time and money spent on education, so that these resources can benefit a greater percentage of the population. Ideally, both high schools and colleges can prepare individuals for the ever-changing roles that are likely to be expected of them. High school degrees offer far less in the way of preparation for work than they might, or than many other nations currently offer, creating a growing skills gap in our economy. We encourage students to go on to college whether they are prepared or not, or have a clear sense of purpose or interest, and now have the highest college dropout rate in the world. We might look to other countries for models of how high schools can offer better training, as well as the development of a work ethic(美德)and the intellectual skills needed for continued learning and development. I recommend Harvard’s 2011 “Pathways to Prosperity” report for more attention to the “forgotten half”(those who do not go on to college)and ideas about how to address this issue. Simultaneously, the liberal arts become more important than ever. In a knowledge economy where professional roles change rapidly and many college students are preparing for positions that may not even exist yet, the skill set needed is one that prepares them for change and continued learning. Learning to express ideas well in both writing and speech, knowing how to find information, and knowing how to do research are all-solid background skills for a wide variety of roles, and such training is more important than any particular major in a liberal arts college. We need to continue to value broad preparation in thinking skills that will serve for a lifetime. Students also need to learn to work independently and to make responsible decisions. The lengthening path to adulthood appears exacerbated(恶化)by parental involvement in the college years. Given the rising investment in college education parental concern is not surprising, but learning where and when to intervene will help students take more ownership of the outcomes of these increasingly costly educations. 4. What kind of education does the author think is ideal? A. It encourages students to learn throughout their lives. B. It benefits the great majority of the general population. C. It prepares students to meet the future needs of society. D. It ensures that students’ expectations are successfully fulfilled. 5. What does the author say is the problem with present high school education? A. Ignoring the needs of those who don’t go to college. B. Teaching skills to be used right after graduation only. C. Giving little attention to those having difficulty learning. D. Creating the highest dropout rate in the developed world. 6. What characterizes a knowledge economy according to the passage? A. Students majoring in liberal arts usually have difficulty securing a job. B. New positions are constantly created that require people to keep learning. C. People have to receive higher education to qualify for a professional position. D. Colleges find it hard to teach students how to cope with the changing economy. 7. What does the author think a liberal arts college should focus on? A. Practical skills urgently needed in current society. B. Solid background knowledge in a particular field. C. Useful thinking skills for advanced academic research. D. Basic skills needed for change and lifelong learning. C Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher. If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let other person know how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything. Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and ignore everyone. Even if you just say “Hi”, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing. If you looked up the word “communication” in a dictionary, it would say “the exchange of ideas, the conveyance of information, correspondence, means of communication: a letter or a message”. To maintain a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note. When dealing with parents you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse. This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, not when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let the incident go. Communication is the key factor here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble. Communication isn’t a one-way deal: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, telling the other person how you feel-listening is the key factor to communication. 8. In the writer’s view, dealing with parents is __________ than with children. A. more difficult B. easier C. more uninteresting D. more interesting 9. What is the main point in the second paragraph? A. The importance of friendship B. To make your feeling known to others C. The importance of communication D. The disagreement between generations 10. When parents and children are in communication, what is the key to a happy relationship? A. Children should always obey their parents. B. They should be equal. C. Parents play the leading part. D. Both make the opposite know their feelings. 11. What does the example in the passage try to prove? A. Sophie’s parents are willing to listen to her. B. Sophie is very polite to her parents. C. Sophie did well in explaining her being late. D. Communication is the solution to misunderstanding. D In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us. Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption. A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating. This disparity (差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol. “Hunger isn’t controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal,” Brunstrom says. “This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.” These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie (卡路里) milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones, depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they’d consumed a higher-calorie shake. What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating. The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says. 12. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake? A. How we perceive the food we eat. B. When we eat our meals. C. What ingredients the food contains. D. How fast we eat our meals. 13. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal? A. You would probably be more picky about food. B. You would not feel like eating the same food. C. You would have a good appetite. D. You would not feel so hungry. 14. What do we learn from the 2011 study? A. Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases. B. Food labels may influence our body’s response to food. C. Hunger levels depend on one’s consumption of calories. D. People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary. 15. What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite? A. Trick ourselves into eating less. B. Concentrate on food while eating. C. Choose food with fewer calories. D. Pick dishes of the right size. 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 _______16_______. At first, people were worried about security. But having made a successful purchase from, say, Amazon, they felt safe buying elsewhere. Similarly, using Airbnb or a car-hire service for the first time encourages people to try other offerings. Next, consider eBay. Having started out as a peer-to-peer marketplace, it is now dominated by professional “power seller” (many of whom started out as ordinary eBay users). The same may happen with the sharing economy, which also provides new opportunities for enterprise. Some people have bought cars solely to rent them out, for example. Existing rental businesses are getting involved too. _______17_______. In future, companies may develop hybrid (混合的) models, listing excess capacity (whether vehicles, equipment or office space) on peer-to-peer rental sites. In the past, new ways of doing things online have not displaced the old ways entirely. But they have often changed them. Just as internet shopping forced Wal-mart and Tesco to adapt, so online sharing will shake up transport, tourism, equipment-hire and more. ______18______. Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes, for example? In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hotels. In some American cities, peer-to-peer taxi services have been banned after lobbying by traditional taxi firms. The danger is that although some rules need to be updated to protect consumers from harm, existing rental businesses will try to destroy competition. People who rent out rooms should pay tax, of course, but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton hotel. The lighter rules that typically govern bed-and-breakfasts are more than adequate. _______19_______. This emerging model is now big and disruptive (颠覆性的) enough for regulators and companies to have woken up to it. That is a sign of its immense potential. _______20_______. A It is time to start caring about sharing. B. The main worry is regulatory uncertainty. C. Avis, a car-hire firm, has a share in a sharing rival. So do GM and Daimler, two carmakers. D. But the remarkable thing is how well the system usually works. E. The sharing economy is the latest example of the internet’s value to consumers. F. For sociable souls, meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm. G. The sharing economy is a little like online shopping, which started in America 15 year ago. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Is College a Worthy Investment? Why are we spending so much money on college? And why are we so unhappy about it? We all seem to agree that a college education is ___21___, and yet strangely we worry when we see families investing so much in this supposedly essential good. Maybe it’s time to ask a question that seems almost sacrilegious (大不敬的): is all this ___22___ in college education really worth it? The answer, I fear, is no. For an increasing number of kids, the extra time and money spent ___23___ a college diploma will leave them ___24___ than they were before they set foot on campus. For my entire adult life, a good education has been the most important thing for middle-class households. My parents spent more educating my sister and me than they spent on their house, and they’re not the only ones…and, of course, for an increasing number of families, most of the cost of their house is actually the cost of living in a good school ___25___. Questioning the value of a college education seems a bit like questioning the value of ___26___, or fun. The average price of all ___27___ and services has risen about 50 percent. But the price of a college education has nearly ___28___ in that time. Is the education that today’s students are getting twice as good? Are new workers twice as smart? Have they become somehow ___29___ more expensive to educate? Perhaps a bit. Richard Vedder, an Ohio University economics professor, says, “I look at the data, and I see college costs rising faster than inflation up to the mid-1980s by 1 percent a year. Now I see them rising 3 to 4 percent a year over ___30___. What has happened? The federal government has started dropping money out of airplanes.” Aid has increased, subsidized (补贴的) loans have become available, and “the universities have gotten the money.” Economist Bryan Caplan, who is writing a book about education, agrees: “It’s a giant waste of ___31___ that will continue as long as the subsidies continue.” Promotional literature for colleges and student loans often speaks of debt as an “investment in ___32___.” But an investment is supposed to generate income to pay off the loans. More than half of all recent graduates are ___33___ or in jobs that do not require a degree, and the amount of student-loan debt carried by households has increased more than five times since 1999. These graduates were told that a ___34___ was all they needed to succeed, but it won’t even get them out of the ___35___ bedroom at Mom and Dad’s. For many, the most visible result of their four years is the loan payments, which now average hundreds of dollars a month on loan balances in the tens of thousands. 21. A. worthwhile B. wonderful C. awesome D. awful 22. A. investment B. payment C. agreement D. supplement 23. A. struggling B. pursuing C. fighting D. winning 24. A. worse still B. worse out C. worse for D. worse off 25. A. block B. apartment C. district D. area 26 A. guilt B. regret C. happiness D. sorrow 27. A. food B. goods C. stuff D. things 28. A. halved B. trebled C. quadrupled D. doubled 29. A. slightly B. greatly C. reasonably D. massively 30. A. deflation B. dilation C. contraction D. inflation 31. A. money B. subsidies C. allowance D. resources 32. A. yourself B. myself C. ourselves D. themselves 33. A. available B. unemployed C. free D. occupied 34. A. degree B. certificate C. diploma D. dissertation 35. A. spare B. empty C. vacant D. idle 第II卷 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, we are used to opening an app to skim public review s for reference before going to a restaurant. If it has a score of 4.8 or above on a 5-point scale, the restaurant ____36____ (guarantee) to be a good choice; but if it is a 4 or even less, it almost always means the restaurant is so terrible that you are likely to suffer. In the past months, topics such as “Restaurants with low ratings may taste better” ____37____ (top) the list of search terms. But ____38____ is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. We need to analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation ____39____ reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences. For one thing, quite a few business runners rely so ____40____ (primary) on good scores to attract consumers that they manipulate (操纵) ratings by buying positive review s to increase traffic. For another, some consumers may go ____41____ their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when ____42____ (ask) to submit comments. ____43____ (concern) these phenomena, platforms must develop richer ways for quality players who need more ____44____ (expose) to display themselves and earn what they deserve. Meanwhile, the rating mechanism should include regular monitoring, strict examination and punitive (惩罚性的) measures to create a health y competitive atmosphere. ____45____, users will eventually abandon platforms, leaving those tricky players to their marketing game. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 上周末你校举办了“急救知识进校园”的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动的过程； 2. 活动的影响。 注意： 1.词数80左右；  2.可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was eight years old and wasn’t aware of all the arrangements being made for our journey as a family to London in 1950. My mother was in great pain and wished to visit specialists in London. My father reluctantly had to sell our property in Queensland. The day before we boarded the ship, Father unwillingly said goodbye to his five-year-old cattle dog, Spider, who was loved by us all. Father’s friend Sandy was to be his guardian while we were overseas, as he had been getting to know Spider for many weeks. Six weeks later, an airletter arrived from Sandy, giving my father the news that Spider had run away just two weeks after we had sailed. Sandy had advertised constantly on ABC and other regional newspapers. Despite many “sightings”, the dog was never found. It seems Spider just kept running and searching for us. As he was cattle dog, my father thought he would shoe or dingo-trapped, because of his appearance. But our family thought that Father held a secrets hope that Spider was still alive. We sailed back to Australia two years later and re-established our home. My father immediately began his own search for Spider. One cold winter’s Saturday morning eight months after our return, my father had a call from an elderly lady living on her own on the outskirts of the town. As she told my father on the telephone, it was “just glimpses of a dingo-type dog in the shadows” of her disused tennis court. That was enough for my father to interrupt my homework. We set off in his blue and black Jensen car which he had brought back from England. It was hardly the right vehicle for the rough roads we travelled that day. Five and a half hours later, we found the run-down old property. Sadly, she told my father that the “dingo dog” hadn’t been around for a few days. My father had a strange look in his eye. He put two fingers to his lips and did his special whistle for Spider. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly there was a sound in the bush. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Once home we had the task of getting all the prickles (刺) off him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案1—5 BCBAC 6—10 CABCB 11—15 BCAAB 16—20 CCABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 遂昌中学2026届高二年级第一学期期末测试 英语试题卷 本试卷分为第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)。第I卷1至8页，第II卷9至10页。 第I卷 注意事项： 1. 答第I卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卷上。 2. 选出每小题答案后，用铅笔将答题卷上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题，每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一个小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What do we know about Tom? A. He’s just finished a piano lesson. B. He loves playing the guitar. C. He plays drums in a band. 2. Where are the speakers probably? A. At a café. B. At a university. C. At an animal shelter. 3. How can the man’s recipe be described? A. It’s a reward. B. It’s a success. C. It’s a problem. 4. What do the speakers have in common? A. They are both big readers. B. They are both in the library. C. They both have just finished a book. 5. What is the woman’s duty in the event? A. To make food. B. To play in the band. C. To give directions. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面 5 段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题 5 秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出 5 秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. Where is the woman from? A. Spain. B. Italy. C. Finland. 7. Why is the woman at the conference? A. To do some research.   B. To represent her company. C. To look for some service providers. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。 8. Why does the woman call the man? A. To ask him to help her study.   B. To invite him for boating. C. To confirm the holiday time. 9. What does the woman promise the man to do in the end? A. Help him rent a car.   B. Bring something for him. C. Call him soon. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。 10. How much does the man have to pay in total? A. $20.   B. $25.   C. $45. 11. How did the man get his shirt dirty? A. By doing some cooking.      B. By eating noodles. C. By washing the dishes. 12. When can the man get his shirt back at the earliest? A. On Sunday. B. On Monday. C. On Tuesday. 听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。 13. What’s the probable relationship between the speakers? A. TV host and guest.   B. Teacher and student. C. Boss and secretary. 14. What did the man do in his last job? A. It makes students lose focus. B. It leads to violence. C. It occupies too much time. 15. What’s the woman’s response to the professor’s opinion? A. She is very angry. B. She doesn’t bother to argue. C. She totally agrees. 16. Who actually invented the toy? A. Jill Meanley.  B. Catherine Hettinger.       C. Scott McCoskery. 听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。 17. What can be affected certainly if teenagers lack sleep? A. Their spirits. B. Their long-term health. C. Their academic performance. 18. What is to blame for teenagers not getting enough sleep? A. Too much entertainment.  B. Lack of exercise. C. Poor diet. 19. What advice does the speaker give to teenagers having sleep trouble? A. Listening to music.   B. Reading a book.      C. Drinking hot chocolate. 20. What does the speaker suggest schools do? A. Start and end the school day later.    B. Shorten the school day. C. Offer art classes. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并将答题卡上的相应选项涂黑。 A We all long for friendship, but how to make a friend? “The best time to make a friend is before you need one.” Joy Steven said. The following are some tips for you. People equal friends Friends usually begin with strangers. Getting in touch with other people is the first step to make a friend. Friends can’t be made in empty air. Best friends take time to make. Friends understand friends Friends understand each other when talking. Many unpleasant personal quarrels can be avoided if you will take the time to understand others’ feelings and points of view. Friends touch friends Touching is a warm form of communication between friends. When you see best friends communicating, you will notice them stand close together, touch each other comfortably and listen to each other. Sometimes a friendly touch is more powerful than words. Friends praise friends Praise is a powerful tool to make a friend. Honest praise can affect (影响) your friends’ lives. So try to praise your friends, including your general ones. Friends can loyal (忠诚的) and trustworthy Trust and loyalty go hand in hand for friends. Friends can share secrets with you, because good friends never break confidence (信心) and are loyal forever. 1. From Joy Steven’s words, we can conclude that ________ A. a friend in need is a friend indeed B. it is never too late to make a friend C. it is late to make a friend when you need one D. everyone needs a friend in his life 2. To make and keep many friends, you need to do the following EXCEPT ___________. A. get in touch with people B. understand your friends C. praise your friends D. quarrel with your friends 3. The passage mainly tells us ______________. A. how to communicate with a friend B. how to develop friendship C. when to make a friend D. how to praise a friend 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B 【解析】 【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述我们都渴望友谊，但如何交朋友呢？本文给出了一些可行的建议。 1题详解】 推理判断题。依据第一段Joy Steven的话“The best time to make a friend is before you need one.交朋友的最好时间是你需要朋友以前。”，也就是说当你需要一个朋友的时候再去交就晚了。故选C。 【2题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章中关于交朋友建议的描述“Friends understand each other when talking. Touching is a warm form of communication between friends. Praise is a powerful tool to make a friend.（朋友在交谈时能互相理解。联系是朋友之间沟通的一种形式。赞美是结交朋友的有力工具。）”A. get in touch with people和人取得联系；B.understand your friends理解你的朋友；C. praise your friends 称赞你的朋友；D. quarrel with your friends和你的朋友争吵。根据文章和常识：你要想交很多朋友A、B、C三项要具备。朋友之间的争吵是不可避免的，但未必是必须的。更为重要的是，D项在文中找不到依据。故选D 【3题详解】 主旨大意题。根据文章第一段“We all long for friendship, but how to make a friend? “The best time to make a friend is before you need one.” Joy Steven said. The following are some tips for you. （我们都渴望友谊，但如何交朋友呢?“交朋友最好的时间是在你需要朋友之前。” 史蒂文说。以下是给你的一些建议。）”可知文章的主题是针对如何交朋友给出一些建议。A. how to communicate with a friend怎样和一个朋友交流；B.how to develop friendship怎样发展友谊；C. when to make a friend 什么时候交朋友；how to praise a friend怎样称赞一个朋友。虽然A、C、D项在文中都提到了，但属于枝节信息，而B项是文章谈论的主旨，符合文章的大意，故选B。 B As a society we might want to rethink the time and money spent on education, so that these resources can benefit a greater percentage of the population. Ideally, both high schools and colleges can prepare individuals for the ever-changing roles that are likely to be expected of them. High school degrees offer far less in the way of preparation for work than they might, or than many other nations currently offer, creating a growing skills gap in our economy. We encourage students to go on to college whether they are prepared or not, or have a clear sense of purpose or interest, and now have the highest college dropout rate in the world. We might look to other countries for models of how high schools can offer better training, as well as the development of a work ethic(美德)and the intellectual skills needed for continued learning and development. I recommend Harvard’s 2011 “Pathways to Prosperity” report for more attention to the “forgotten half”(those who do not go on to college)and ideas about how to address this issue. Simultaneously, the liberal arts become more important than ever. In a knowledge economy where professional roles change rapidly and many college students are preparing for positions that may not even exist yet, the skill set needed is one that prepares them for change and continued learning. Learning to express ideas well in both writing and speech, knowing how to find information, and knowing how to do research are all-solid background skills for a wide variety of roles, and such training is more important than any particular major in a liberal arts college. We need to continue to value broad preparation in thinking skills that will serve for a lifetime. Students also need to learn to work independently and to make responsible decisions. The lengthening path to adulthood appears exacerbated(恶化)by parental involvement in the college years. Given the rising investment in college education, parental concern is not surprising, but learning where and when to intervene will help students take more ownership of the outcomes of these increasingly costly educations. 4. What kind of education does the author think is ideal? A. It encourages students to learn throughout their lives. B. It benefits the great majority of the general population. C. It prepares students to meet the future needs of society. D. It ensures that students’ expectations are successfully fulfilled. 5. What does the author say is the problem with present high school education? A. Ignoring the needs of those who don’t go to college. B. Teaching skills to be used right after graduation only. C. Giving little attention to those having difficulty learning. D. Creating the highest dropout rate in the developed world. 6. What characterizes a knowledge economy according to the passage? A. Students majoring in liberal arts usually have difficulty securing a job. B. New positions are constantly created that require people to keep learning. C. People have to receive higher education to qualify for a professional position. D. Colleges find it hard to teach students how to cope with the changing economy. 7. What does the author think a liberal arts college should focus on? A. Practical skills urgently needed in current society. B. Solid background knowledge in a particular field. C. Useful thinking skills for advanced academic research. D. Basic skills needed for change and lifelong learning. 【答案】4. C 5. A 6. B 7. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要描述了现代社会的教育应该偏向的重点是注重学生实际知识领域和专业技能的培养，让他们在学校学会有利于进入社会之后能更好应对工作问题的技能。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二自然段“High school degrees offer far less in the way of preparation for work than they might, or than many other nations currently offer, creating a growing skills gap in our economy. (高中文凭在为工作做准备方面的作用远远低于他们可能提供的，或者比许多其他国家目前提供的要小，这在我们的经济中造成了越来越大的技能差距。)”可知，理想的教育就应该是注重学生实际技能的培养，让学生能够通过满足未来社会的需要。故选C。 5题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二自然段“High school degrees offer far less in the way of preparation for work than they might, or than many other nations currently offer, creating a growing skills gap in our economy. (高中文凭在为工作做准备方面的作用远远低于他们可能提供的，或者比许多其他国家目前提供的要小，这在我们的经济中造成了越来越大的技能差距。)”可知，作者认为当前高中教育存在的问题是忽视那些没有上大学的人的需要。故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四自然段“In a knowledge economy where professional roles change rapidly and many college students are preparing for positions that may not even exist yet, the skill set needed is one that prepares them for change and continued learning. (在知识经济中，专业角色迅速变化，许多大学生正在为可能还不存在的职位做准备，所需要的技能是使他们为改变和继续学习做好准备的技能。)”可知，知识经济的特点就是，新的职业可能会不断的产生，这就要求人才要不断的、持续的学习。故选B。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第五自然段“Learning to express ideas well in both writing and speech, knowing how to find information, and knowing how to do research are all-solid background skills for a wide variety of roles, and such training is more important than any particular major in a liberal arts college. We need to continue to value broad preparation in thinking skills that will serve for a lifetime. (学会在写作和演讲中很好地表达想法，知道如何查找信息，知道如何做研究，这些都是各种角色的坚实背景技能，这种训练比文理学院中的任何特定专业都重要。我们需要继续重视为终生受益的思维技能所做的广泛准备。)”可知，作者认为文理学院应该把重点放在改变和终身学习所需的基本技能上。D项“Basic skills needed for change and lifelong learning. (变革和终身学习所需的基本技能。)”符合题意。故选D。 C Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher. If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along. With any relationship, you need to let other person know how you are feeling. If you are not able to communicate, you drift apart. When you are mad at your parents, or anyone else, not talking to them doesn’t solve anything. Communication begins with the concerns of another. It means that you can’t just come home from school, go up to your room and ignore everyone. Even if you just say “Hi”, and see how their day was for five minutes, it is better than nothing. If you looked up the word “communication” in a dictionary, it would say “the exchange of ideas, the conveyance of information, correspondence, means of communication: a letter or a message”. To maintain a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note. When dealing with parents, you always have to make them feel good about how they are doing as a parent. If you are trying to make them see something as you see it, tell them that you’ll listen to what they have to say, but ask them politely to listen to you. Yelling or walking away only makes the situation worse. This is an example: one night, Sophie went to a street party with her friends. She knew she had to be home by midnight after the fireworks, but she didn’t feel she could just ask to go home. That would be rude. After all, they had been nice enough to take her along with them. Needless to say, she was late getting home. Her parents were mad at first, not when Sophie explained why she was late, they weren’t as mad and let the incident go. Communication is the key factor here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble. Communication isn’t a one-way deal: it goes both ways. Just remember: if you get into a situation like Sophie’s, telling the other person how you feel-listening is the key factor to communication. 8. In the writer’s view, dealing with parents is __________ than with children. A. more difficult B. easier C. more uninteresting D. more interesting 9. What is the main point in the second paragraph? A. The importance of friendship B. To make your feeling known to others C. The importance of communication D. The disagreement between generations 10. When parents and children are in communication, what is the key to a happy relationship? A Children should always obey their parents. B. They should be equal. C. Parents play the leading part. D. Both make the opposite know their feelings. 11. What does the example in the passage try to prove? A. Sophie’s parents are willing to listen to her. B Sophie is very polite to her parents. C. Sophie did well in explaining her being late. D. Communication is the solution to misunderstanding. 【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲的是与父母沟通的重要性。 【8题详解】 细节理解题． 根据文章第一段“Living and dealing with kids can be a tough job these days, but living and dealing with parents can be even tougher.(如今，与孩子相处是一件艰难的工作，而与父母相处则更加艰难。)”可知，与父母打交道比与孩子打交道更困难。故选A。 【9题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“If I have learned anything in my 16 years, it is that communication is very important, both when you disagree and when you get along.(如果说我在这16年里学到了什么的话，那就是沟通是非常重要的，无论是在你们意见相左的时候还是在你们相处融洽的时候。)”可知，第二段重点介绍的是沟通的重要性。故选C。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“To maintain a good relationship, you must keep communication strong. Let people know how you feel, even if it’s just by writing a note.(为了维持良好的关系，你必须保持强有力的沟通。让别人知道你的感受，即使只是写个便条。)”可知，当父母和孩子沟通时，幸福关系的关键是双方都让对方知道自己的感受。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Communication is the key factor here. If Sophie’s parents had not been willing to listen, Sophie would have been in a lot of trouble.(沟通是关键因素。如果苏菲的父母不愿意听，苏菲就会有很多麻烦。)”可知，文章中的例子试图证明沟通是解决误解的方法。故选D。 D In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us. Studies have shown, for instance, that eating in front of the TV (or a similar distraction) can increase both hunger and the amount of food consumed. Even simple visual cues, like plate size and lighting, have been shown to affect portion size and consumption. A new study suggested that our short-term memory also may play a role in appetite. Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating. This disparity (差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol. “Hunger isn’t controlled solely by the physical characteristics of a recent meal. We have identified an independent role for memory for that meal,” Brunstrom says. “This shows that the relationship between hunger and food intake is more complex than we thought.” These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie (卡路里) milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones, depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories. Moreover, the participants reported feeling more full when they thought they’d consumed a higher-calorie shake. What does this mean for our eating habits? Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating. The so-called mindful-eating strategies can fight distractions and help us control our appetite, Brunstrom says. 12. What is said to be a factor affecting our appetite and food intake? A. How we perceive the food we eat. B. When we eat our meals. C. What ingredients the food contains. D. How fast we eat our meals. 13. What would happen at meal time if you remembered eating a lot in the previous meal? A. You would probably be more picky about food. B. You would not feel like eating the same food. C. You would have a good appetite. D. You would not feel so hungry. 14. What do we learn from the 2011 study? A. Food labels may mislead consumers in their purchases. B. Food labels may influence our body’s response to food. C. Hunger levels depend on one’s consumption of calories. D. People tend to take in a lot more calories than necessary. 15. What does Brunstrom suggest we do to control our appetite? A. Trick ourselves into eating less. B. Concentrate on food while eating. C. Choose food with fewer calories. D. Pick dishes of the right size. 【答案】12. A 13. D 14. B 15. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是食欲和食物摄入量受到多种因素的影响，包括我们的生物能量需求、饮食环境、对食物的感知以及短期记忆等。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In recent years, a growing body of research has shown that our appetite and food intake are influenced by a large number of factors besides our biological need for energy, including our eating environment and our perception of the food in front of us.(近年来，越来越多的研究表明，除了我们对能量的生物需求之外，我们的食欲和食物摄入量还受到许多因素的影响，包括我们的饮食环境和我们对面前食物的感知。)”可知，我们如何看待我们所吃的食物是影响我们食欲和食物摄入量的因素。故选A。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“Several hours after a meal, people’s hunger levels were predicted not by how much they’d eaten but rather by how much food they’d seen in front of them—in other words, how much they remembered eating.(饭后几小时，人们的饥饿感不是通过他们吃了多少来预测的，而是通过他们在他们面前看到了多少食物来预测的——换句话说，他们记得吃了多少。)”和第四段“This disparity (差异) suggests the memory of our previous meal may have a bigger influence on our appetite than the actual size of the meal, says Jeffrey M. Brunstrom, a professor of experimental psychology at the University of Bristol.(Bristol大学实验心理学教授Jeffrey M. Brunstrom表示，这种差异表明，我们对上一餐的记忆可能比实际餐量对我们的食欲有更大的影响。)”可知，如果你记得上一餐吃得很多，在吃饭的时候不会觉得这么饿。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第六段中“These findings echo earlier research that suggests our perception of food can sometimes trick our body’s response to the food itself. In a 2011 study, for instance, people who drank the same 380-calorie (卡路里) milkshake on two separate occasions produced different levels of hunger-related hormones, depending on whether the shake’s label said it contained 620 or 140 calories.(这些发现与早期的研究相呼应，即我们对食物的感知有时会欺骗我们的身体对食物本身的反应。例如，在2011年的一项研究中，人们在两个不同的场合喝同样的380卡路里奶昔，会产生不同水平的饥饿相关激素，这取决于奶昔的标签上写的是620卡路里还是140卡路里。)”可知，我们从2011年的研究中了解到食品标签可能会影响我们身体对食物的反应。故选B。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“Although it hardly seems practical to trick ourselves into eating less, the new findings do highlight the benefits of focusing on our food and avoiding TV and multitasking while eating.(虽然欺骗自己少吃似乎不太现实，但新发现确实强调了吃饭时专注于食物、避免看电视和同时处理多项任务的好处。)”可知，Brunstrom建议我们吃饭时集中注意力来控制胃口。故选B。 第二节 （共5小题，每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 _______16_______. At first, people were worried about security. But having made a successful purchase from, say, Amazon, they felt safe buying elsewhere. Similarly, using Airbnb or a car-hire service for the first time encourages people to try other offerings. Next, consider eBay. Having started out as a peer-to-peer marketplace, it is now dominated by professional “power seller” (many of whom started out as ordinary eBay users). The same may happen with the sharing economy, which also provides new opportunities for enterprise. Some people have bought cars solely to rent them out, for example. Existing rental businesses are getting involved too. _______17_______. In future, companies may develop hybrid (混合的) models, listing excess capacity (whether vehicles, equipment or office space) on peer-to-peer rental sites. In the past, new ways of doing things online have not displaced the old ways entirely. But they have often changed them. Just as internet shopping forced Wal-mart and Tesco to adapt, so online sharing will shake up transport, tourism, equipment-hire and more. ______18______. Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes, for example? In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hotels. In some American cities, peer-to-peer taxi services have been banned after lobbying by traditional taxi firms. The danger is that although some rules need to be updated to protect consumers from harm, existing rental businesses will try to destroy competition. People who rent out rooms should pay tax, of course, but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton hotel. The lighter rules that typically govern bed-and-breakfasts are more than adequate. _______19_______. This emerging model is now big and disruptive (颠覆性的) enough for regulators and companies to have woken up to it. That is a sign of its immense potential. _______20_______. A. It is time to start caring about sharing. B. The main worry is regulatory uncertainty. C. Avis, a car-hire firm, has a share in a sharing rival. So do GM and Daimler, two carmakers. D. But the remarkable thing is how well the system usually works. E. The sharing economy is the latest example of the internet’s value to consumers. F. For sociable souls, meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm. G. The sharing economy is a little like online shopping, which started in America 15 year ago. 【答案】16. G 17. C 18. B 19. F 20. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是共享经济模式的兴起及其对传统租赁业务的影响。 【16题详解】 空后“At first, people were worried about security. But having made a successful purchase from, say, Amazon, they felt safe buying elsewhere. Similarly, using Airbnb or a car-hire service for the first time encourages people to try other offerings. Next, consider eBay.(起初，人们担心安全问题。但在亚马逊（Amazon）等地成功购物后，他们觉得在其他地方购物是安全的。同样，第一次使用Airbnb或租车服务会鼓励人们尝试其他服务。接下来，考虑一下eBay。)”可知，空后举出亚马逊和eBay两个购物网站，空格处应该总起全文，引出一种和亚马逊和eBay有关的经济形式，G选项“The sharing economy is a little like online shopping, which started in America 15 year ago.(共享经济有点像15年前在美国兴起的网上购物。)”引出了像购物网站一样的共享经济，因此引起下文，符合语境，故选G。 【17题详解】 空前“Existing rental businesses are getting involved too.(现有的租赁企业也在参与进来。)”说明了现有的租赁企业也在参与进来，空格处应该举例说明具体有什么租赁企业参与进来，C选项“Avis, a car-hire firm, has a share in a sharing rival. So do GM and Daimler, two carmakers.(汽车租赁公司Avis在共享汽车竞争对手中占有股份。通用和Daimler这两家汽车制造商也是如此。)”举了Avis，通用和Daimler几家租赁企业，承接上文，符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 设空处为主题句，空后“Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes, for example? In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track down unlicensed hotels. In some American cities, peer-to-peer taxi services have been banned after lobbying by traditional taxi firms. The danger is that although some rules need to be updated to protect consumers from harm, existing rental businesses will try to destroy competition. People who rent out rooms should pay tax, of course, but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton hotel. The lighter rules that typically govern bed-and-breakfasts are more than adequate.(例如，租房者是否需要缴纳酒店税？在阿姆斯特丹，官员们正利用Airbnb的房源信息来追踪无照经营的酒店。在一些美国城市，由于传统出租车公司的游说，点对点的出租车服务已被禁止。其危险在于，虽然一些规则需要更新以保护消费者免受伤害，但现有的租赁业务会试图摧毁竞争。当然，出租房间的人应该纳税，但他们不应像Ritz-Carlton酒店那样受到监管。通常管理民宿的较轻规则就已足够。)”可知，本段主要阐述租赁企业存在监管的问题，B选项“The main worry is regulatory uncertainty.(主要的担忧是监管的不确定性。)”说明了人们的担忧是监管的不确定性，引起下文，符合语境，故选B。 【19题详解】 空后“This emerging model is now big and disruptive (颠覆性的) enough for regulators and companies to have woken up to it.(这一新兴模式如今已经足够庞大且具有颠覆性，以至于监管机构和公司已经意识到它的存在。)”是对一种新型模式的描述，空格处应该引出这种新兴模式，F选项“For sociable souls, meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm.(对于善于交际的人来说，呆在家里结识新朋友是魅力的一部分。)”提出了在人家家里结识新朋友这种新的模式，引起下文，符合语境，故选F。 【20题详解】 空前“This emerging model is now big and disruptive (颠覆性的) enough for regulators and companies to have woken up to it. That is a sign of its immense potential.(这一新兴模式如今已经足够庞大且具有颠覆性，以至于监管机构和公司已经意识到它的存在。这是其巨大潜力的一个迹象。)”是对这一新兴模式的评价和描述，空格处应该说我们对这种新型模式应该做什么反应，A选项“It is time to start caring about sharing.(是时候开始关心分享了。)”是我们应该采取的行动，承接上文，符合语境，故选A。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Is College a Worthy Investment? Why are we spending so much money on college? And why are we so unhappy about it? We all seem to agree that a college education is ___21___, and yet strangely we worry when we see families investing so much in this supposedly essential good. Maybe it’s time to ask a question that seems almost sacrilegious (大不敬的): is all this ___22___ in college education really worth it? The answer, I fear, is no. For an increasing number of kids, the extra time and money spent ___23___ a college diploma will leave them ___24___ than they were before they set foot on campus. For my entire adult life, a good education has been the most important thing for middle-class households. My parents spent more educating my sister and me than they spent on their house, and they’re not the only ones…and, of course, for an increasing number of families, most of the cost of their house is actually the cost of living in a good school ___25___. Questioning the value of a college education seems a bit like questioning the value of ___26___, or fun. The average price of all ___27___ and services has risen about 50 percent. But the price of a college education has nearly ___28___ in that time. Is the education that today’s students are getting twice as good? Are new workers twice as smart? Have they become somehow ___29___ more expensive to educate? Perhaps a bit. Richard Vedder, an Ohio University economics professor, says, “I look at the data, and I see college costs rising faster than inflation up to the mid-1980s by 1 percent a year. Now I see them rising 3 to 4 percent a year over ___30___. What has happened? The federal government has started dropping money out of airplanes.” Aid has increased, subsidized (补贴) loans have become available, and “the universities have gotten the money.” Economist Bryan Caplan, who is writing a book about education, agrees: “It’s a giant waste of ___31___ that will continue as long as the subsidies continue.” Promotional literature for colleges and student loans often speaks of debt as an “investment in ___32___.” But an investment is supposed to generate income to pay off the loans. More than half of all recent graduates are ___33___ or in jobs that do not require a degree, and the amount of student-loan debt carried by households has increased more than five times since 1999. These graduates were told that a ___34___ was all they needed to succeed, but it won’t even get them out of the ___35___ bedroom at Mom and Dad’s. For many, the most visible result of their four years is the loan payments, which now average hundreds of dollars a month on loan balances in the tens of thousands. 21. A. worthwhile B. wonderful C. awesome D. awful 22. A. investment B. payment C. agreement D. supplement 23. A. struggling B. pursuing C. fighting D. winning 24. A. worse still B. worse out C. worse for D. worse off 25. A. block B. apartment C. district D. area 26. A. guilt B. regret C. happiness D. sorrow 27. A. food B. goods C. stuff D. things 28. A. halved B. trebled C. quadrupled D. doubled 29. A. slightly B. greatly C. reasonably D. massively 30. A. deflation B. dilation C. contraction D. inflation 31. A. money B. subsidies C. allowance D. resources 32. A. yourself B. myself C. ourselves D. themselves 33. A. available B. unemployed C. free D. occupied 34. A. degree B. certificate C. diploma D. dissertation 35. A. spare B. empty C. vacant D. idle 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. C 27. B 28. D 29. D 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讨论的是大学教育是否是一项值得的投资。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们似乎都同意大学教育是美好的，然而奇怪的是，当我们看到家庭在这项本应必不可少的好处上投入如此之多时，我们却感到担忧。A. worthwhile值得的；B. wonderful美好的；C. awesome非常棒的，极佳的；D. awful可怕的。根据上文“a college education”可知，大学教育是美好的，这是大家都同意的。故选B。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：也许是时候问一个似乎有点亵渎神明的问题了：在大学教育上的所有投资真的值得吗？A. investment投资；B. payment付款，支付；C. agreement同意；D. supplement补充物。根据上文“families investing so much in this supposedly essential good”可知，此处表示在大学教育上的投资。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：对于越来越多的孩子来说，为了获得大学文凭而花费的额外时间和金钱会让他们的生活比他们踏入校园之前更糟糕。A. struggling挣扎；B. pursuing追求；C. fighting斗争；D. winning赢。根据下文“a college diploma”可知，孩子是追求大学的文凭。故选B。 【24题详解】 考查固定短语辨析。句意：对于越来越多的孩子来说，为了获得大学文凭而花费的额外时间和金钱会让他们的生活比他们踏入校园之前更糟糕。A. worse still更糟糕的是；B. worse out错误短语；C. worse for因……而更糟；D. worse off恶化，情况更坏。根据上文“The answer, I fear, is no”可知，为了获得大学文凭而花费的额外时间和金钱会让他们的生活比他们踏入校园之前更糟糕，空格处意为“恶化，情况更坏”。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的父母在教育上花的钱比他们在房子上花的钱还多，而且他们并不是唯一这样做的家庭，当然，对于越来越多的家庭来说，他们房子的大部分成本实际上是住在一个好学区的成本。A. block街区；B. apartment公寓；C. district地区；D. area面积。根据上文“most of the cost of their house is actually the cost of living in a good school”和常识可知，作者的父母的房子的大部分成本实际上是住在一个好学区的成本，school district意为“学区”。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：质疑大学教育的价值似乎有点像质疑幸福或乐趣的价值。A. guilt愧疚；B. regret后悔；C. happiness幸福；D. sorrow悲伤。根据下文“or fun”可知，质疑大学教育的价值似乎有点像质疑幸福或乐趣的价值。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有商品和服务的平均价格上涨了约50%。A. food食物；B. goods商品；C. stuff东西，物品；D. things东西。根据下文“and services has risen about 50 percent”可知，商品和服务的价格上涨了。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但同期大学教育的价格几乎翻了一番。A. halved使减半；B. trebled变成三倍；C. quadrupled（使）成四倍；D. doubled加倍。根据下文“Is the education that today’s students are getting twice as good”可知，此处指大学教育的价格加倍了。故选D。 【29题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他们的教育是不是变得更加昂贵了？A. slightly稍微；B. greatly极大地；C. reasonably理性地，通情达理地；D. massively大量地。根据上文“But the price of a college education has nearly doubled in that time”可知，大学教育的价格几乎翻了一番，那么工人的教育是不是也变得更昂贵了，空格处用massively来修饰昂贵的程度。故选D。 【30题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：现在，我看到它们比通货膨胀率每年上涨3%到4%。A. deflation通货紧缩；B. dilation扩张，扩大；C. contraction收缩，缩小；D. inflation通货膨胀。根据上文“I see college costs rising faster than inflation up to the mid-1980s by 1 percent a year”可知，上学的成本比通货膨胀率每年上涨3%到4%。故选D。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：只要补贴还在继续，这就是对资源的巨大浪费。A. money钱；B. subsidies补贴，津贴；C. allowance津贴；D. resources资源。根据下文“as long as the subsidies continue”可知，只要补贴还在继续，这就是对资源的巨大浪费。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查代词词义辨析。句意：大学和学生贷款的宣传材料经常把债务说成是“对自己的投资”。A. yourself你自己；B. myself我自己；C. ourselves我们自己；D. themselves他们自己。根据上文“Promotional literature for colleges and student loans often speaks of debt as an “investment””可知，在教育上投资是对自己的投资。故选A。 【33题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：超过一半的应届毕业生要么失业，要么从事不需要学位的工作。自1999年以来，家庭承担的学生贷款债务增加了五倍多。A. available可获得的；B. unemployed失业的；C. free自由的；D. occupied忙于……的。根据下文“or in jobs that do not require a degree”可知，超过一半的应届毕业生要么失业，要么从事不需要学位的工作。故选B。 【34题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些毕业生被告知，文凭是他们成功所需要的，但它甚至不能让他们离开父母的空余卧室。A. degree学位；B. certificate证书；C. diploma文凭；D. dissertation专题论文。根据下文“all they needed to succeed”可知，文凭是这些毕业生要获得成功所需要的。故选C。 【35题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些毕业生被告知，文凭是他们成功所需要的，但它甚至不能让他们离开父母的空余卧室。A. spare闲置的；B. empty空的；C. vacant（职位，工作）空缺的；D. idle无事可做的。根据下文“bedroom at Mom and Dad’s”可知，毕业生是要住在父母家里空余的卧室的，空格处意为“闲置的”。故选A。 第II卷 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Nowadays, we are used to opening an app to skim public review s for reference before going to a restaurant. If it has a score of 4.8 or above on a 5-point scale, the restaurant ____36____ (guarantee) to be a good choice; but if it is a 4 or even less, it almost always means the restaurant is so terrible that you are likely to suffer. In the past months, topics such as “Restaurants with low ratings may taste better” ____37____ (top) the list of search terms. But ____38____ is essential for everyone is the authenticity of the evaluation. We need to analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation ____39____ reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences. For one thing, quite a few business runners rely so ____40____ (primary) on good scores to attract consumers that they manipulate (操纵) ratings by buying positive review s to increase traffic. For another, some consumers may go ____41____ their original intention and give high scores because they receive free dishes or discounts when ____42____ (ask) to submit comments. ____43____ (concern) these phenomena, platforms must develop richer ways for quality players who need more ____44____ (expose) to display themselves and earn what they deserve. Meanwhile, the rating mechanism should include regular monitoring, strict examination and punitive (惩罚性的) measures to create a health y competitive atmosphere. ____45____, users will eventually abandon platforms, leaving those tricky players to their marketing game. 【答案】36. is guaranteed 37. have topped##have been topping 38. what 39. and 40. primarily 41. against 42. asked 43. Concerning 44. exposure 45. Otherwise 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要就消费者在选择餐厅时依赖评分作为参考这一现象展开分析，分析了导致评价不真实的原因，包括商家操纵评分和消费者因受到利益诱导而给出不真实评价的情况。 【36题详解】 考查时态和语态。句意：如果在5分制中得到4.8分或以上，那么这家餐厅肯定是一个不错的选择；但如果是4或更少，这几乎总是意味着这家餐厅太糟糕了，你可能会受到影响。这里为本句谓语动词，根据上下文可知，本句时态为一般现在时；主语为“the restaurant”，单数，和动词“guarantee”之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填is guaranteed。 【37题详解】 考查时态。句意：在过去的几个月里，诸如“评分低的餐厅可能味道更好”之类的话题已经成为搜索关键词的榜首。考查本句谓语动词，根据时间状语“in the past months”可知，本句时态为现在完成时或现在完成进行时；主语为“topics”，复数，谓语动词用have。故填have topped或have been topping。 【38题详解】 考查主语从句。句意：但对每个人来说最重要的是评估的真实性。这里为主语从句的引导词，主语从句缺少主语，表示“物”，用连接词“what”。故填what。 【39题详解】 考查连词。句意：我们有必要分析导致现状的原因，并反思提高可信度和消费者体验的措施。空前“analyze the reasons that lead to the present situation”和空后“reflect on measures to improve credibility and consumer experiences”之间为并列关系，用and连接。故填and。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：一方面，相当多的商家主要依靠高分来吸引消费者，他们通过购买正面评论来操纵评级来增加流量。此处修饰动词短语“rely on”，应用副词形式，作状语。故填primarily。 【41题详解】 考查介词。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。根据句意可知，此处使用固定短语go against，意为“违背……”。故填against。 【42题详解】 考查状语从句的省略。句意：另一方面，一些消费者可能会违背他们的初衷，给高分，因为当他们被要求提交评论时，他们会得到免费的菜肴或折扣。这里为状语从句的省略，状语从句的完整形式为“when they are asked to submit comments”，动词“ask”和主语“they”之间为被动关系，可将they are省略。故填asked。 【43题详解】 考查介词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。分析句子成分以及句意可知，空处为介词，意为“考虑到……”，用concerning；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Concerning。 【44题详解】 考查名词。句意：考虑到这些现象，平台必须为那些需要更多曝光率来展示自己并获得应得回报的优质玩家开发更丰富的方式。此处作宾语，应用名词exposure，不可数。故填exposure。 【45题详解】 考查副词。句意：否则，用户最终会放弃平台，让那些狡猾的玩家去玩他们的营销游戏。根据句意可知，空处意为“否则、要不然”，担当状语，用副词otherwise；出现在句首，首字母大写。故填Otherwise。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 46. 上周末你校举办了“急救知识进校园”的活动。请你为校英文报写一篇报道，内容包括： 1. 活动的过程； 2. 活动的影响。 注意： 1.词数80左右；  2.可适当增加细节，使内容充实，行文连贯。 _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus Last weekend, our school hosted an event titled “First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus”. The event began with a lecture by a professional trainer, covering CPR techniques, wound dressing, and handling common emergencies. Following the lecture, students participated in hands-on workshops, practicing their skills under the guidance of experts. This initiative not only equipped our students with valuable lifesaving skills but also raised awareness of the importance of prompt first aid. The positive feedback from students shows the need for more such practical and informative events on campus. 参考范文一， First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus Aiming to raise students’ awareness of saving people with first aid and master the skills, our school launched an activity called First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus. The activity started with a presentation introducing different situations how to do first aid accordingly. Then came the hands-on practices where students were encouraged to perform first aids on fake people, supervised and guided by medicines. The highlight of the activity was a first aid knowledge competition where students strived to raise their hands and gave their answers. Not only have students learnt more about first aids, but also enhanced their confidence in helping others when emergencies take place unexpectedly. It is an interesting and meaningful activity. 参考范文二， First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus Last weekend witnessed an enlightening event at our school: First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus. The event unfolded with interactive workshops led by trained professionals. Students eagerly participated in hands-on simulations, mastering essential first aid techniques like CPR and wound management. Throughout the sessions, participants engaged in role-playing scenarios, honing their skills in real-life emergency situations. The impact of this initiative resonated deeply within our school community. Students emerged not only with newfound knowledge but also with a sense of empowerment. They now possess the confidence and ability to respond effectively to medical emergencies, fostering a safer and more prepared campus environment. This event not only equips students with life-saving skills but also cultivates a culture of care and responsibility, ensuring the well-being of all members of our school community. 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达为一篇应用文，要求学生写一篇报道，报道学校举办的“急救知识进校园”的活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累： 参加：participate in→get involved in 以……为主题：titled→themed 有价值的：valuable→precious 处理：handle→tackle/deal with 2.句式拓展： 简单句变复合句 原句：Following the lecture, students participated in hands-on workshops, practicing their skills under the guidance of experts. 拓展句：Following the lecture, students participated in hands-on workshops where they practiced their skills under the guidance of experts. 【点睛】【高分句型1】Last weekend, our school hosted an event titled “First Aid Knowledge Hits the Campus”.(运用了过去分词短语作后置定语) 【高分句型2】The event began with a lecture by a professional trainer, covering CPR techniques, wound dressing, and handling common emergencies.(运用了现在分词短语作状语) 第二节 （满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was eight years old and wasn’t aware of all the arrangements being made for our journey as a family to London in 1950. My mother was in great pain and wished to visit specialists in London. My father reluctantly had to sell our property in Queensland. The day before we boarded the ship, Father unwillingly said goodbye to his five-year-old cattle dog, Spider, who was loved by us all. Father’s friend Sandy was to be his guardian while we were overseas, as he had been getting to know Spider for many weeks. Six weeks later, an airletter arrived from Sandy, giving my father the news that Spider had run away just two weeks after we had sailed. Sandy had advertised constantly on ABC and other regional newspapers. Despite many “sightings”, the dog was never found. It seems Spider just kept running and searching for us. As he was cattle dog, my father thought he would shoe or dingo-trapped, because of his appearance. But our family thought that Father held a secrets hope that Spider was still alive. We sailed back to Australia two years later and re-established our home. My father immediately began his own search for Spider. One cold winter’s Saturday morning eight months after our return, my father had a call from an elderly lady living on her own on the outskirts of the town. As she told my father on the telephone, it was “just glimpses of a dingo-type dog in the shadows” of her disused tennis court. That was enough for my father to interrupt my homework. We set off in his blue and black Jensen car which he had brought back from England. It was hardly the right vehicle for the rough roads we travelled that day. Five and a half hours later, we found the run-down old property. Sadly, she told my father that the “dingo dog” hadn’t been around for a few days. My father had a strange look in his eye. He put two fingers to his lips and did his special whistle for Spider. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Suddenly there was a sound in the bush. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Once home we had the task of getting all the prickles (刺) off him. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Suddenly there was a sound in the bush. Out of the growth flew this battered dog right into my father’s arms. Spider had leaped over the tennis court fence with great force and certainty. My father’s eyes shone, and the old lady and I stood there with tears in our eyes. He kept licking my father’s face and making choking noises. He smelt dreadful. We wrapped him in an old blanket and I held him on my lap on the way back. He never once took his eyes off my father as we drove home. Every so often I received a lick of gratefulness. Once home we had the trash of getting all the prick es (刺) off him. Before he was put in a tin tub, we gently cleaned him up with soap. Spider stood stoically through all this as my father also examined his teeth and ears. Spider spent the rest of his days—years -on the front porch, content and satisfied, always in wait for my sister and me coming home from school where he would give us a lot of licks to make sure we were all right. He then waited for my father by the garage door. We never left him anywhere alone again. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者一家不得已离开家乡时，将家中的宠物狗留给朋友照顾，可是不久后就得知宠物狗离家去找作者一家。两年后，作者一家回到了故乡，得知了宠物狗的消息，并将宠物狗带回了家。从此，宠物狗成为作者一家生活中不可缺少的一部分。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“突然，灌木丛中传来了声音。”以及第二段首句内容“一到家，我们就把他身上所有的刺都弄掉了。”可知，第一段可描写宠物狗从灌木丛中跑了出来，作者一家将其带回了家。 ②由第二段首句内容“一到家，我们就把他身上所有的刺都弄掉了。”可知，第二段可描写宠物狗得到了作者一家的精心照顾，成为了作者一家不可缺少的成员。 2.续写线索：灌木丛中传来声音—— Spider出现—— Spider与父亲互动——带 Spider回家——将 Spider洗干净—— 从此Spider一直陪伴着家人 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①发出：make/let out ②确保：make sure/ensure ③移开：take off/take away from 情绪类 ①感激：gratefulness/thankfulness ②满足的：satisfied/fulfilled/content 【点睛】【高分句型1】He never once took his eyes off my father as we drove home.（运用了as引导的状语从句） 【高分句型2】Before he was put in a tin tub, we gently cleaned him up with soap.（运用了before引导的状语从句） 听力答案1—5 BCBAC 6—10 CABCB 11—15 BCAAB 16—20 CCABA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$