08 专题二 第3讲 依据词汇线索解题-【名师导航】2025年高考英语二轮总复习课件（通用版）

专题二　阅读七选五 第3讲　依据词汇线索解题 词汇线索类的试题要求考生更加注重文章中的细节，比如某个关键的单词或数字等，解答这类试题经常用到的方法有词汇复现法和代词指代法。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 任务一　研析解题技法 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 词汇复现是为了保证文章前后衔接而经常使用的一种写作手法，即在文章中不同的位置对同一个概念进行重复描述，从而使得同样的意思在文章中不同的地方重复出现。复现的形式主要包括原词复现、同(近)义词复现、反义词复现等。考生可利用文章的这一特点，在解题时注意选项中出现的与正文意思相同、相近或相反的词。 技法一 词汇复现法 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 1. 依据原词复现解题 原词复现是指同一个词(常为动词、名词、形容词)或短语反复出现在文中的不同地方。这些词会以不同词类、词性、数、格、时态、语态等形式出现，如：“looks”与“looking” “looked”； “go” 与“going” “went” 等。根据语言习惯，第一句的宾语往往是第二句的主语，或者前后句有相同、重叠的词语。因此，要学会寻找题空前后句中的相同关键词。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 (2022·全国甲卷) Hands or Utensils (餐具) In India and the Middle East, it's considered very rude to eat with your left hand. People in France expect you to eat with a utensil in each hand. 　38　, instead preferring to use their hands. In Chile, you may never touch any food with your fingers. People in Thailand generally use their forks only to push food onto their spoons. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.The more friends you make in your lifetime B. The more time you spend in any given country C. Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D. Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E. It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F. Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G. It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal [分析]本题可利用原词复现解题。设空处前一句提到法国人希望你每只手拿着一个餐具吃饭，设空后说“更喜欢用手”，也就是不用“餐具”。故C项“墨西哥人认为用餐具吃饭是不合适的”符合语境。这里utensils一词为原词复现。故选C。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 (2021·全国甲卷) ·Put different types of clothing on different surfaces in the room. 　39　. Place a few mirrors around your room so people can see how things look when they try them on. One of the ground rules of the swap should be that everyone must try on the clothes before they take them—things always look different when you put them on. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.Less people than that B. Hold a clothing swap C. If two people are competing D. Just keep music playing throughout E. Donate whatever clothes are left over F. Have everyone put their clothes in the right spots G. Tell everyone to bring clean clothes in good condition [分析]本题可利用原词复现解题。设空处前一句中的“Put ... on different surfaces”对应了F项中的“put ... in the right spots”；“put”一词为重叠词语，且“surfaces”和“spots”两者说的都是位置，前后句之间衔接紧密，顺承关系明显。故选F。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 2. 依据同(近)义词复现解题 同(近)义词复现是指设空处的前后句或本段中的某个关键词(动词、名词、形容词或副词)的同义词或近义词在正确选项中出现。 (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ·Start small. I suggest using a sketchbook (素描本) for small studies. These small studies provide inspiration and may be a springboard for more complex works in the future. 　36　 You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.Get out of your comfort zone. B. Make career plans and set goals. C. Don't throw away your beginner art. D. Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E. You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times. F. Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G. You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 [分析]本题可利用同(近)义词复现解题。设空处后一句讲到了“You'll want to look back on your journey to see how far you've come”，因此设空处应该会做一个关于“通过什么来回顾”的铺垫，C项中的“your beginner art”可以帮助你看到自己从开始到现在走了多远。上文中的“Start”和选项中的“beginner”相对应。故选C。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 3. 依据反义词复现解题 反义词复现是指上下文中有词义相反的单词、短语或者意思相反的句子。 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) It's something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true. 　40　 We're all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 [分析]本题可利用反义词复现解题。根据题空前的“... most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it's true.”可知，作者认为大多数人是从错误中学习的。设空处后又提到“我们一直在改变和学习，而犯错是我们得以发展和成长的良好途径”。选项G“不管你犯了什么错误，记住这不是你性格中固定的一面”承上启下，符合语境。G项中的“fixed”与题空后的“changing”互为反义词。故选G。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 4. 依据词汇同现解题 词汇同现是指属于同一词汇搭配范畴或者某一领域的词汇在文章中同时出现，达到语义衔接的目的。一般来说，上下文中词汇的范畴越小，上下文的衔接关系越紧密。 (2023·浙江1月卷) Arrive early. Most trains operate just once a day and some run only three times a week, so missing yours can be a disaster. 　39　 Note: The times listed on the schedules are departure times, not arrival times. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.Train trips aren't for impatient types. B. You'll have views from both sides of the train. C. The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D. That's particularly true during busy summer months. E. You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F. Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G. He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 [分析]本题可利用词汇同现解题。题空前的句子提供的信息是“大多数火车一天只有一个班次，甚至有的火车一周只有三个班次，所以错过一班车简直是一种灾难”，选项E“你可能得等超过24小时，才能赶上下一趟火车”是对空前句子的进一步解释。题空前的“once a day” “only three times a week”和选项E中的“longer than 24 hours”是词汇同现，都是“时间”范畴的词汇。 故选E。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 行文中为了避免与上文提到的名词重复，常用不同的代词指代上文提到的人、事物或事件。如：it指代单数名词、不可数名词、句子；they指代复数名词；ones泛指复数名词；还有反身代词、指示代词、关系代词等。巧妙利用这一指代关系并结合代词的单复数差异，可以帮助考生明确代词所指代的内容，从而快速地选出正确答案。 技法二 　代词指代法 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 　39　 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don't wait until you've made a mistake to try this—it's a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. [分析]本题可利用代词指代法解题。题空前讲述了你可以让朋友或家人帮你往列表上添加东西，C项“他们甚至可能愿意尝试做一下这个练习。”承接上文。C项中的“They”指代题空前的“a friend or family member”。故选C。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 任务二　深化迁移应用 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A (2024·济宁二模)Providing feedback is an essential part of personal and career development. 　1　 One of the most effective and classic methods to make it easier for both the giver and receiver is the feedback sandwich technique, sometimes also referred to as a compliment (赞美) sandwich. If you are seeking to enhance your career growth, learning about the feedback sandwich can be a game-changer. 　2　 Rather than simply focusing on what went wrong, it ensures that the person receiving the feedback also knows what went well. The process can be broken into 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 three parts. A manager or superior starts by providing positive feedback to encourage a person to continue their good work. Afterward, they communicate constructive feedback for the person to improve. This feedback aims to be specific, behavioural, and relevant to the situation. __3__ The feedback sandwich technique is a highly useful method. It can help soften the blow of criticism. By starting and ending with positive feedback, it's easier for the recipient to receive the constructive criticism without feeling attacked. 　4　 As we all know, criticism is awkward, but when you're giving potentially negative feedback, it's easier when you're also serving it up with two compliments. Additionally, it enables the meeting or an interaction to end on a positive note. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 　5　 Many people are knowledgeable about this technique, which might make it sound insincere or predictable if not done correctly. Also, when feedback becomes a routine, employees can start to perceive positive feedback as simply a form of sugarcoating the negatives, thus reducing its value. Hence, positive feedback should not simply be seen as something to cushion the negatives, but should be delivered so as to reinforce and encourage good performance. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了三明治反馈法，包括其构成和意义，并指出了其局限性。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.It's essential to be aware of its limitations, though. B. Similarly, it is also easier for the giver to offer feedback. C. The manager then ends the feedback session with positive feedback. D. The technique may lead to unclear and indirect personal communication. E. Delivering constructive criticism, however, can be challenging if not done correctly. F. It may not be for every situation, but it can make negative feedback more digestible. G. This technique involves using constructive feedback wrapped between two layers of positive feedback. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 1. E　上文讲提供反馈是个人和职业发展的重要部分。E项“然而，如果不正确地提出建设性批评，可能会带来挑战性。”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。 2. G　上文讲如果你正在寻求促进职业发展的途径，了解三明治反馈法可能会带来改变。G项“这个方法包括在两层积极反馈之间使用建设性反馈。”承接上文，符合语境。G项中的“This technique”指代上文中的“the feedback sandwich”。故选G。 3. C　上文讲管理者或上级先给予积极反馈，以鼓励对方继续开展他们出色的工作。之后，他们为这个人提供建设性反馈，以便这个人能够改进。C项“然后管理者以积极反馈结束反馈环节。”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 4. B　上文讲用积极反馈开始和结束，接收者更容易接受建设性批评，不会感到被攻击。B项“同样，对于反馈给予者来说，提供反馈也更容易。”与上文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选B。 5. A　下文主要介绍了三明治反馈法可能存在的问题。A项“不过，意识到它的局限性是很重要的。”统领全段，符合语境。故选A。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 B My heart went out to the drama teacher I read about in a recent news item. Each parent from her class insisted that she cast their own child as Snow White. This reminded me of my seventh grade musical—“The Adventures of Tom Sawyer”. I desperately wanted to play the role of Becky, the female lead who was Tom's girlfriend. __1__ For starters, Becky had to sing numerous solos, and I couldn't carry a tune. I also didn't have long blonde curls like pretty Linda Wright who won the part. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 I was assigned the non-singing role of Miss Watson, the maid. I had to wear an ugly dress. And I had only one line to learn, “That's what I say.” 　2　 Miss Watson was onstage in quite a few scenes, and got to repeat “That's what I say” throughout the play. At last, our production was put onstage. Imagine my surprise when Miss Watson made the audience laugh out loud each time I piped with “That's what I say.” I hadn't known that she—or I—could be funny, or that her character was important in moving the plot along. __3__ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 That night, I began to understand that being the star may not be any more fun than being a standout in a supporting role. Each person, onstage and backstage, is essential in theatre. Without everyone doing their part, the play would be dull as dishwater. 　4　 If everyone is a star, then nothing gets done. It's all noise and chaos. And so I believe all children should get the opportunity to play Miss Watson, to become someone they didn't know they wanted to be. __5__ 【语篇解读】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述了作者小时候在一次戏剧表演中扮演了一个小角色，并取得成功的经历。作者认为所有的孩子都应该有机会扮演小角色，并希望每个孩子都能在生活中取得成功。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 A.So it is in life. B. It was not to be. C. It was anything but a great part. D. My Miss Watson turned out to be a hit. E. It took the entire cast to make a good show. F. There was an advantage, in my opinion, though. G. I would hope all children could be a hit in life. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 1. B　上文讲到了作者很想出演Becky 这个角色，但结合下文中的“I couldn't carry a tune. I also didn't have long blonde curls like pretty Linda Wright who won the part.”可知，作者并没有如愿，B项“这是不可能的。”符合语境。故选B。 2. F　上文讲到了“I had only one line to learn”，而空后则讲到Miss Watson这个角色需要在整个剧的很多场景中重复这句台词，这无疑是好的方面，因此F项“然而，在我看来，有一个优势。”符合语境。故选F。 3. D　根据上文的“Miss Watson made the audience laugh out loud each time I piped with ‘That's what I say.’”可知，作者饰演的Miss Watson在那次表演中很受欢迎。D项“我演的Miss Watson很受欢迎。”符合语境。故选D。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 4. A　根据上文的“Without everyone doing their part, the play would be dull as dishwater.”可知，舞台上每个演员都很重要，下文讲到了“If everyone is a star, then nothing gets done.”，由此可知，上下文将舞台表演和生活实际结合在了一起。A项“生活中亦是如此。”承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 5. G　结合全文内容可知， 最后一段总结上文，空前一句讲到“我认为所有的孩子都应该有机会扮演Miss Watson，成为一个他们不知道自己想成为的人”，空处应该会紧扣文章主题“小角色也能大放异彩”来表达作者的期待，G项“我希望每个孩子都能在生活中获得成功。”符合语境。且G项中的“all children”对应上句中的“all children”。故选G。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 专题限时评价 点击右图进入… 专 题 限 时 评 价 感谢您的观看 THANK YOU $$