07 专题二 第2讲 根据逻辑关系解题-【名师导航】2025年高考英语二轮总复习课件（通用版）

专题二　阅读七选五 第2讲　根据逻辑关系解题 英语行文离不开逻辑关系，一篇没有逻辑的文章只能是一盘散沙。各段、各句之间只有形成一定的逻辑关系才能更好地表达文意。逻辑关系是命题者青睐的考查点之一。命题者在设空时旨在考查考生借助于上下文语义或表示逻辑关系的标志词理清句间逻辑关系和使上下文自然衔接过渡的能力。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 任务一　研析解题技法 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 在解阅读七选五题目时，我们需要关注句间的“逻辑衔接”，它是指相邻句子或句群之间的连接关系。具体来说就是设空处的正确选项与上句或下句之间必然存在某一种逻辑关系，在上下文中没有明显提示词时，就要合理使用逻辑关系。从逻辑上来看，句子之间常常有并列、递进、转折、对比、因果、例证等关系，有时甚至包含不止一种关系。所以考生一定要把握文章脉络，弄清其中的逻辑关系。如果文中或选项中出现了逻辑关系词，考生就可以利用其进行推理判断；如果文中或选项中未出现逻辑关系词，考生就需要全面理解文章大意，根据语境弄清文章内在的逻辑关系，做出正确的判断。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. 根据并列关系解题 (2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) First of all, decide what you want from that person. 　37　 Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? Think about the exercises you would like to do with your workout partner. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You'll work harder if you train with someone else. D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]本题可根据并列关系解题。根据上文“First of all, decide what you want from that person.”和下文“Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility？”可知，这里是一个问句，反问自己结伴锻炼的目的。另外，根据设空处后一句中的“Or”可以推断，设空处与下文是并列关系， 设空处也应是一般疑问句。所以D项“你想在你最喜欢的运动项目上成为更好的运动员吗？”符合语境。故选D。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 2. 根据递进关系解题 (2023·全国甲卷) ·Practice gratitude (感激) Thankfulness has a lot of benefits: Research shows it makes us happier, less stressed and even more optimistic. 　37　. “Showing thankfulness can foster self-control，” said Ye Li, researcher at the University of California. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience [分析]本题可根据递进关系解题。本段第一句提到了“Thankfulness has a lot of benefits”，设空前讲到了一些好处，因此，设空处应该还是讲好处，E项“它也可以帮助我们培养更多耐心”符合语境，E项中的also与上句形成了递进关系。故选E。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 3. 根据转折关系解题 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) In addition, I have an old two-volume copy of the Shorter Oxford Dictionary, picked up a few years ago in a bookshop sale for just 99 pence. Of course, with its 2,672 pages, it's not exactly short. It contains around 163,000 words, plus word combinations and idiomatic phrases. 　39　 However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.I don't often use this dictionary. B. It takes no account of the context. C. But I still don't want to replace them. D. But a dictionary can be a pleasure to read. E. Of course, a dictionary is not only for spelling. F. That means good grammar and no spelling mistakes. G. Dictionaries don't always give you enough information. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]本题可根据转折关系解题。设空处下一句“However, if I need to check the origin of a word or to look up examples of its usage, there's nothing better.”提到了词典的使用情况。A项“我不经常使用这本词典。”是对词典使用频率的说明，与下文构成转折关系，符合语境。故选A。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 4. 根据因果关系解题 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) My husband and I just spent a week in Paris. 　36　 So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth-floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. [分析]本题可根据因果关系解题。根据设空处后的衔接词“So”可知，设空处与其后一句之间构成因果关系。故F项“我们的目的是想看看我们能否像真正的巴黎人一样生活。”是作者和她丈夫在巴黎租住公寓的原因。故选F。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 5. 根据例证关系解题 (2023·全国乙卷) Why are indoor plants good for you? Will Spoelstra, who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens, says, “38 C.There are many benefits to growing plants indoors. I find during the winter months, plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backed this up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity, focus and memory. There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases, such as carbon dioxide. They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 　39　. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.All plants are different B. Not only do they look beautiful C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding [分析]本题可根据例证关系解题。设空处位于段尾，与上文存在例证关系，上文说盆栽可以通过消除二氧化碳等有害气体来净化周围的空气，还可以去除来自油漆或烹饪中产生的一些有害化学物质。E项“和平百合和绿萝正是效果最好的植物”符合语境。故选E。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 任务二　深化迁移应用 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A (2024·青岛模拟)When you think of your closest friends, who will come to your mind? Perhaps your college roommates or the neighbour you played with as a child. Regardless of how you met these people, they most likely have one key thing in common: 　1　 A 2023 study found that, for those aged 21 to 30, over 80 percent in their social circles, were born within five years of them. Moreover, nearly 63 percent of adults have no close friends 15 years older or younger than them. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 Spending our time with such a narrow group of people can fuel age segregation (隔离) and increase our loneliness. These limitations also keep us from other generations' mindsets and potentially surprising points of connection. 　2　 Of course, the ones that are older might offer a brief look into the coming years. A programme that runs schools out of senior centres has said a lot about it. 　3　 Dawn Carr, a sociology professor, said most older people get much from practical help—with new technology, for instance—their younger friends offered. 　4　 Having fun with someone decades younger definitely takes off their pressure to “act their age”． 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 　5　 Lila, aged 75, was proud that her life experiences prepared her to give advice to her young friend with depression, for which the young was grateful. Also，older friends offer more examples of what growing up can look like. If someone's parents are the only older people they know well, they might fail to picture other possibilities. A greater pool of older friends can help young people create their own blueprint. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了年轻人与年长的人之间的友谊对双方的好处。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.You befriend those who live around. B. They're all roughly the same age as you. C. Others might find joy in exposure to new ideas. D. Brought closer, both see more than one benefit. E. Younger friends can be a reminder of past selves. F. Forming these kinds of friendship is particularly hard today. G. Indeed, intergenerational relationship is never a one-way street. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. B　上文讲当你想到你最亲密的朋友时，谁会出现在你的脑海里？也许是你的大学室友，或者是你小时候一起玩的邻居。不管你是怎么认识这些人的，他们很可能有一个关键的共同点；下文讲2023年的一项研究发现，对于21岁至30岁的人来说，他们社交圈中超过80%的人出生时间与他们相差在5年之内。此外，近63%的成年人没有比自己大或小15岁的亲密朋友。B项“他们都和你年龄大致相仿。”承上启下，符合语境。故选B。 2. E　下文讲那些年长的人可能会让我们对未来几年有一个简要的了解。E项“年轻的朋友是过去的自己的提醒。”与下文衔接紧密，符合语境。故选E。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 3. D　上文讲一个在老年中心外开办学校的项目对此做了很多介绍；下文介绍了年长的人与年轻的朋友之间的友谊对年长的人的好处以及这样的友谊对年轻人也有好处。D项“拉近距离，双方都看到了不止一个好处。”承上启下，符合语境。故选D。 4. C　上文讲社会学教授Dawn Carr说，大多数年长的人从年轻的朋友提供的实际帮助中收获颇多，比如新技术；下文讲和比自己小几十岁的人玩得开心确实可以减轻他们“表现得像同龄人”的压力。C项“其他人可能会从接触的新思想中找到乐趣。”承上启下，符合语境。故选C。 5. G　上一段讲年长的人和年轻人交朋友对于年长的人的好处；本段则讲这类友谊对年轻人的好处。G项“事实上，代际关系从来不是单行道。”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 B You should know that English Literature is one of the few courses in the world that can help you better understand the world around you and far from you. The benefits of studying English Literature are as follows. Developing the ability of critical analysis Being a master of English Literature allows you to be critical when analysing a text. Even after learning, you will notice that you critically analyse every text you read, even when it does not demand it. 　1　. It helps you think deeply about different situations and decisions before making them. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 Creating broader opportunities Understanding English Literature suggests that your knowledge of the English language is at full capacity creating a wider range of opportunities for the learner. 　2　. For example, there are over sixty-seven different countries with English as their lingua franca (通用语), which means that there are opportunities open in these countries for people with knowledge of English Literature. __3__ The English language is more than just the way we speak and a manner of communicating. There are in-depth meanings as to how the structuring and pronunciations in the English language work. In studying literary English, you are sure to see these deeper technicalities surrounding the English language, helping you understand the use of the language better. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 Improving the ability of brief writing 　4　. In learning, reading, and analysing, one is bound to take notes to keep up with their analysis of a text. This act subconsciously (下意识地) helps to make any learner of literary English a better writer than before they started learning. Getting to know historical and cultural knowledge Reading classic English Literature is the shortest and easiest way to learn both history and culture of people and places. You are always surprised when you find the connection between the real facts and the story of the classic literature you read. 　5　. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了学习英语文学带来的五个好处：开发批判性分析的能力、创造更多机会、掌握好英语、提高英语写作能力、获得文史知识。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Existing everywhere for a long time B. Having a good command of English C. You can use this skill in other areas of life D. You are not limited in the choices you make E. Among other things, it makes you a better writer F. Like every other skill, critical thinking takes practice G. It ends up being a sort of achievement in your learning 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. C　根据空格前两句的内容可知，精通英语文学可以让人具备批判性思维；空格后一句提到“different situations and decisions”，这与C项中的“in other areas of life”相匹配。故选C。 2. D　根据空前的“a wider range of opportunities”以及空后的“For example, there are over sixty-seven different countries with English as their lingua franca (通用语), which means that there are opportunities open in these countries for people with knowledge of English Literature.”可知，面对超过67个英语国家的众多机会，你所做的选择并不受限制。故选D。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 3. B　根据下文中的“In studying literary English, you are sure to see these deeper technicalities surrounding the English language, helping you understand the use of the language better.”可以推断出该段主要围绕学习英语文学可以帮助人们更好地理解英语这门语言。B项最适合作本段的小标题。故选B。 4. E　根据本段的标题“Improving the ability of brief writing”并结合下文的“This act subconsciously (下意识地) helps to make any learner of literary English a better writer than before they started learning.”可知，学习英语文学有助于我们成为更好的作家。故选E。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 5. G　结合本段的标题“Getting to know historical and cultural knowledge”和段中的内容可知，读文学经典作品可以了解文史知识，进而发现真实的事实和你所读的经典文学故事之间的联系，这些都可以看作是“achievement”，因此，G项符合上下句的逻辑关系。故选G。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 感谢您的观看 THANK YOU $$