06 专题二 第1讲 利用设空位置解题-【名师导航】2025年高考英语二轮总复习课件（通用版）

专题二　阅读七选五 新课标Ⅰ卷·阅读七选五 年份 体裁 主题语境与话题 设空位置 命题分析 段首 段中 段尾 2024 说明文 人与自我·使用纸质词典的经验和心得 1 4 0 由此表可以看出，近4年的新课标Ⅰ卷阅读七选五命题具有以下特点： 1. 文章体裁 体裁以说明文为主，偶尔涉及夹叙夹议文(如2021年新高考Ⅰ卷)。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 年份 体裁 主题语境与话题 设空位置 命题分析 段首 段中 段尾 2023 说明文 人与自我·如何学会适度自我原谅 0 4 1 2. 主题语境 主题主要以人与社会、人与自我为主。 3. 短文长度 阅读材料一般是一篇长度为300词左右的短文，其中正文240词左右，备选项60词左右，且选项按照由短到长的顺序排列。  2022 说明文 人与社会·如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 年份 体裁 主题语境与话题 设空位置 命题分析 段首 段中 段尾 2021 夹叙夹 议文 人与社会·在巴黎一周的生活情况以及所见和所感 1 4 0 4. 考点设置 设空位置比较灵活，段首、段中和段尾都有可能，以段中设题为主，段首、段尾设题为辅。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 第1讲　利用设空位置解题 在“阅读七选五”这一题型中，命题人常采用段首、段中和段尾三种挖空方式。句子在段中的位置不同，所起的作用也不同。命题人正是利用挖空位置的暗示作用和挖空上下文的提示作用来考查考生的逻辑思维能力。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 任务一　研析解题技法 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 若在段首设空，通常考查段落标题句、段落主题句和段落间过渡句。 小标题反映其所在段落的内容，在句式上往往跟其他小标题一致，通常是短小精悍的祈使句或者短语。 段落主题句和段落间的过渡句的辨别就需要考生首先要通读该段落，把握段落大意，再根据段落主题一致性原则，分析七个备选项中是否有能反映段落主题的相关表述，从而最终确定正确选项。假如通过上述方法无法检索到可作为段落主题句的相关选项，则所缺的段首句可能是段落间的过渡句。这时，考生就要“瞻前顾后”，认真阅读上一段的结尾部分，并圈出其中的线索词，再找出备选项中的 类型一 　设空在段首 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 关键词，根据词汇复现的原则(原词复现、同义词复现、近义词复现以及同义表述复现等)，并结合表示并列、递进、因果、转折、让步、时间等逻辑关系的衔接词确定正确选项。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. 考查段落标题句 (2023·全国甲卷) Tricks to Becoming a Patient Person Here's a riddle: What do traffic jams, long lines and waiting for a vacation to start all have in common? There's one answer. 36. G. They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience. In the Digital Age, we're used to having what we need immediately and right at our fingertips. However, research suggests that if we practiced patience, we'd be a whole lot better off. Here are several tricks. ·Practice gratitude (感激) 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 ... ·Make yourself wait ... ·　39　 So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances. You should learn to say to yourself, “40. F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable.” You'll then gradually become more patient. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Find your causes B. Start with small tasks C. Accept the uncomfortable D. All this adds up to a state of hurry E. It can also help us practice more patience F. This is merely uncomfortable, not intolerable G. They're all situations where we could use a little extra patience √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]本题考查段落标题句。根据文章结构特征可知，本题考查的是对段落小标题的选择。根据本段中的“So many of us have the belief that being comfortable is the only state we will tolerate, and when we experience something outside of our comfort zone, we get impatient about the circumstances.”可知，我们中的许多人都相信舒适是我们唯一能容忍的状态，并且当我们经历舒适区以外的事情时，我们会对所处环境变得不耐烦。C项“接受不舒适”统领本段，适合作小标题。故选C。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 2. 考查段落主题句 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) •　39　 Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You'll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower. Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. 40. G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]本题考查段落主题句。根据本段中的“Minimize impact and maximize experience by skipping major holidays or rush hour. You'll compete with fewer tourists, save money, experience a different side of a popular place, and boost the economy when tourism is traditionally slower.”可知，本段提到了通过避开主要节假日或高峰时段，将影响降至最低，并将旅游体验感最大化。A项“在非(旅游)高峰时段游览。”适合作本段的主题句。故选A。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 3. 考查段落间过渡句 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. 38. G. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. 　39　 On our first morning in Paris, I went around the corner to the food market to pick up some groceries. I bought a handful of perfectly ripe small strawberries and a little sweet melon. My husband and I agreed they were the best fruit we had ever eaten. But they cost $18! 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Not all the customers are tourists. B. The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C. There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D. The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E. That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F. Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G. The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]本题考查段落间过渡句。上一段讲了巴黎人吃得少是因为食物美味，本段谈到巴黎食物很贵(一把熟透的小草莓和一个小甜瓜就要花费18美元)，可以推断，这也是巴黎人吃得少的一个原因。E选项“这并不是法国人吃得比我们少的唯一原因。”起到承上启下的作用，符合语境。故选E。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 段中句可能是对上文进行补充、解释的细节句或是承上启下的过渡句。在进行段中句的选择时，考生尤其要注意分析设空处前后句的逻辑关系以及文段内容的连贯性，注意句子间的衔接手段。在具体解题时，要重点关注词汇复现以及表示逻辑关系的衔接词，这对于加快解题速度和提高得分率都有极大的帮助。 类型二 设空在段中 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. 考查细节句 (2021·全国乙卷) And what about that other dinner-party killer: awkward silence? If you're faced with an awkward silence at a dinner party, the only thing that always gets everyone talking again is to give the host a compliment (赞扬). 　40　. Just quickly turn around and say, “This cake is extremely delicious and you have to tell me all about it.” 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.How do you know the host B. The first step is to go exploring C. If you ask the question “How did you get here？” D. Be prepared to have awkward conversations with strangers E. Or turn the conversation into a topic where they have little to say F. What about that person who has had too much to drink or won't stop talking G. He or she is the person who is feeling the weight of that awkwardness the most √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]本题考查段中细节句。设空处前一句中的关键词“an awkward silence”和“the host”分别与G项中的“that awkwardness”和“He or she is the person”呼应。D项虽然也有关键词复现，但是不符合语境和文章大意(文章介绍了一些让自己在宴会上变得有趣的方法)。故选G。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 2. 考查过渡句 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) Personal Forgiveness Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don't beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 　36　 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths”. 　37　 Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don't have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you're proud of. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]36和37题均考查段中过渡句。 36题：设空前作者提到勇于承担责任固然重要，但是也不要因此而过于自责，人都会犯错的。设空后说“你可以使用下面的写作练习来帮助你做到这一点”。结合文章标题和下文内容可知，下文主要讲自我宽恕，故设空处内容应该提到宽恕这一话题。D选项“宽恕自己也同样重要。”与上文构成递进关系，符合语境，且D项中的“show yourself some forgiveness”正好对应空后一句中的“do this”。故选D。 37题：根据题空前的“Personal strengths”和题空后的例子可知，设空处指的是列出一些你个性中的优点。B项“现在列出所有你喜欢的关于你自己的特点。”承上启下，与设空处后面的内容构成例证关系，符合逻辑。故选B。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 当设空在段尾时，通常是结论性、概括性语句，是对上文的概括总结。如果缺的是结论性、概括性的语句，考生应快速浏览选项，注意选项中是否出现表示结果、结论、总结等的信号词，如so, therefore, hence, thus, as a result, in short, in a word, all in all, to sum up, to conclude等词或短语，快速缩小选择范围，再根据段落主题一致性原则，从而确定正确选项。但是，为了提高对考生阅读能力的考查，这些信号词往往很少使用。这就要求考生认真阅读上文，仔细揣摩上下文行文逻辑，从而确定考查的是否为总结句。 段尾设空还有可能是对上文内容进行的补充说明，这时要选择补充性的语句。 类型三 设空在段尾 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 当设空在非最后一段段尾时，还有可能是考查承上启下的过渡句。假如所缺的是段落间的过渡句，首先可以关注表示逻辑关系的衔接词，再结合词汇复现等原则进行答案的选择。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. 考查总结句 (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) •Choose mindfully. Overvisited destinations are that way for a reason: they're special. With so many online posts featuring the same places, it's easy to feel like you're missing out. Go somewhere only when the landscape, culture or food deeply draws you. 　37　 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Visit during off-peak times. B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F. You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. [分析]本题考查段尾总结句。本段主旨句讲谨慎选择(目的地)。设空前讲只有在某个地方的风景、文化或美食深深吸引你的时候，才去那里旅游。C项“旅行只为自己，不为他人。”承接上文，符合语境。故选C。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 2. 考查细节句 (2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) Even the most successful public speaker will make mistakes. Yet, the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking. People's attention wanders constantly. In fact, most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker's message. So, don't stop speaking when you make a mistake unless it's a truly serious one. __18__ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.Do the opposite. B. You want to be an effective public speaker. C. You don't need to apologize for a minor slip. D. When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E. The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F. Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G. However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. [分析]本题考查段尾细节句。结合上文内容可知，即使最成功的演说家也会犯错……所以，当你犯了错时不要停止演讲，除非是非常严重的错误。据此可推知，设空处应与“犯错”有关，选项C中的“a minor slip”与上文的“a mistake”为同义表达。故选C。 √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 3. 考查过渡句 (2022·浙江卷1月) I have the same 24 hours in a day as you do, but I have made specific choices that allow me to make the most of every day, and still feel happy and relaxed. __31__ ·Pick the most important. 32.D.Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. Focus on spending time that for you is fun and productive. I chose the life of an adviser because I like to work with companies, but don't want the life of a big company CEO. My choices are based on the lifestyle I want. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 ·Combine your activities. ... ·Lighten up. ... A.Speed up. B. Be an active learner. C. Stop trying to balance time between them all. D. Make choices about what is meaningful in your life. E. The things you do well usually give you greater joy. F. Perhaps these tips will help you make the most of your time. G. This is why making lists is important in any productivity handbook. √ 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 [分析]本题考查段尾过渡句。设空前提到作者能够充分利用时间，并且感到开心和放松，下文各段是作者就如何高效利用时间给出的几点建议，F项“也许这些建议将帮助你充分利用时间。”承上启下，符合语境。故选F。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 任务二　深化迁移应用 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A (2024·石家庄模拟)Super communicators are people who are consistently able to create real connections with others just by listening and talking. The following are four habits of super communicators. They know what kind of conversation they're having. Super communicators are usually able to respond accordingly. If you're having a practical conversation, your friend might ask you to help make hard decisions. 　1　 If your friend is just expressing his feelings, you just need to be a good listener. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 They prove they're listening. There are plenty of ways to appear like you're listening, like making eye contact or nodding. To do that, experts suggest a technique called “cycles for understanding”. Ask a question and listen to the response. Repeat what they just told you. Ask your conversation partner if you got what they said correct. __2__ They ask a lot of the right questions. Research shows that highly effective communicators tend to ask 10 to 20 times as many questions as everyone else. They may simply be follow-up questions like “What happened next？” Super communicators also ask questions that get people to open up. 　3　 They ask about people's values or experiences and create an opportunity for emotional connections. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 　4　 The goal of a discussion isn't to impress someone, convince someone or wait for their turn to speak. It's to genuinely comprehend someone else's point of view and share their own views accordingly. The right response creates an atmosphere of trust and openness that both parties can benefit from. __5__　 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了超级沟通者，那些能够始终如一地仅通过倾听和交谈就与他人建立真正联系的人。本文主要讲述了超级沟通者的四个习惯。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.They aim to understand. B. Experts call them “deep questions”． C. They are persuasive communicators. D. The decisions should be easy to carry out. E. This practice sounds simple but is powerful. F. Then you should be ready to give good advice. G. And that is actually the most magical thing that can happen. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. F　上文谈到如果你正在进行实际的对话，你的朋友可能会请你帮忙做出艰难的决定。设空处承接上文，继续讲到这种情况下你该怎么做。F项“那么你应该准备好给出好的建议。”符合语境。故选F。 2. E　上文讲到为了做到倾听，专家给了一个建议，并讲述了具体的做法。此处为总结句，说明这个做法的好处。E项“这种做法听起来简单，但很有效。”符合语境。故选E。 3. B　上文谈到了一种问题类型——比较简单的后续问题，例如“接下来发生了什么？”，此处指的是另一种问题，结合题空前的“超级沟通者还会提出让人们敞开心扉的问题”和选项可知，B项“专家将它们称为‘深度问题’。”符合语境。故选B。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 4. A　设空处为超级沟通者的第四个习惯，首先根据其他段落的段首句特点可知，该句是They作主语；再根据本段内容尤其是“genuinely comprehend someone else's point of view”可知，此处指他们力求理解对方。故选A。 5. G　上文谈到正确的回应创造了一种信任和开放的氛围，双方都可以从中受益。G项“那实际上是可能发生的最神奇的事情。”承接上文，符合语境。故选G。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 B (2024·太原模拟) Do you ever feel like you're not good enough, even though you've done some cool stuff? This feeling can contribute to increased anxiety, depression and a cycle of overworking to prove yourself. 　1　. Actually, lots of people，up to 82%, have these kinds of discouraging feelings. Here's how you can deal with them. 　2　. One way to fight self-doubt is to keep track of all the cool things you've done. Start a journal where you write down projects you've finished, goals you've reached, and nice things people have said about you. Work out a practical schedule to look back at this list. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 Figure out what's good enough. Success can mean different things in different situations for different persons, so it's okay not to be the best at everything all the time. Just think about how good is good enough. 　3　, and then it can save your energy for other important things, like spending time with your family and friends. Get help from someone you look up to. Working with a seasoned life coach who has done well and has qualities you admire can be a big help. They can assist you by sharing their own struggles with self-doubt and this exchange equips you with good strategies in your own pursuit of success. 　4　. 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 Just remember, it's normal to be fooled by negative feelings sometimes, but you can't be tricked by them all the time. 　5　. By using these strategies, you can start a transformative path towards personal growth. 【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何克服自我否定的倾向，让自己自信起来。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 A.But you are not alone B. Plan a personal-growth schedule C. Collect proof of your accomplishments D. So you'd better try to get the best of most tasks E. This way, you may know when to stop properly F. You can benefit a lot from the practical guidance G. You are sure to break free from the cycle of self-doubt 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 1. A　题空后一句提到“事实上，高达82%的人都有对自己感到很沮丧的感觉”。A项“但是你并不孤单”说明好多人都有类似的情况，承上启下，符合语境。故选A。 2. C　设空处为段落主旨句。段首句通常作为主旨句来概括下文。根据下文内容可知，战胜自我怀疑的一个方法就是记录你所做过的很酷的事情，把你完成的项目、达成的目标和别人对你的赞美写成日志。所以C项“搜集你所取得成就的证据”可以概括本段内容。故选C。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 3. E　分析段中设空句时，一定要把握段落中句与句之间的逻辑关系。本段首句“找出什么是足够好的”起统领作用，题空前句子点明我们要知道自己能好到何种程度；下文的“and then it can save your energy for other important things”具体描述了某种做法可以让你把精力转移到别的重要的事情上。所以E项“这样的话，你或许知道什么时候停下来”和题空后内容衔接紧密。题空后的it指代“知道什么时候停下来”这一做法。故选E。 4. F　设空处为段落总结句。本段主旨句为“Get help from someone you look up to”，设空处位于句末，所以应是对上文做法的总结。故F项“你会从这些实用的指导中获益良多”总结上文，符合语境。故选F。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 5. G　上文提到“我们被消极的情绪所迷惑，这是很正常的现象，但是你不能一直被它们所欺骗”，也就是说我们不能一直陷入消极的情绪里，下文提到“通过使用这些策略，你能实现自我成长”，表明要走出困境，实现自我改变和成长。所以G项“你肯定会打破自我怀疑的怪圈”衔接上下文。 故选G。 任务一 任务二 专题二　阅读七选五 感谢您的观看 THANK YOU $$