Unit1 Grammar Infinitives校公开课课件 2024-2025学年沪教牛津版（广州深圳沈阳通用）八年级英语下册

本课教学目标 1. 掌握不定式的结构 2. 掌握不定式作宾语、宾补和目的状语的用法 3. 掌握不带to 的动词不定式的用法 4. 能够在具体语境中正确运用不定式 Module 1 Social communication Unit 1 Helping Those in Need Grammar: Infinitives If we offer to do voluntary work, helping those in need, we will be a better man, and the world will become a better place. List Listen to the song Better Man and fill in the blanks. 1 Introduction 《Better Man》（Robbie Williams） Send someone to love me. I need to rest in arms. Keep me safe from harm In pouring rain. As my soul heals the shame. I will grow through this pain. Lord I'm doing all I can. To be a better man. Go easy on my conscience. 'Cause it's not my fault. I know I've been taught. To take the blame. 1 2 3 4 purple verbs: predicate(谓语动词) red verbs: non-finitive verb(非谓语动词) 动词不定式 Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work last summer holiday. 一个简单句中只有一个谓语动词。 非谓动词 谓语动词 根据人称、时态变化 -ed -ing to - 不定式 (not) to do We can use verbs +to + infinitives in sentences. Three teenagers offered to do some voluntary work during the school holidays. Cindy wanted to paint a picture of the park near her home. Work out the rule An infinitive is the (base/ -ing/ -ed) form of a verb. 原型 2 Exploration How do we use infinitives? 1. Three teenagers offered ______ (do) some volunteer work. 2. Cindy wanted _______ (paint) a picture of the park. 3. We need ______(help) the children in need. to do to paint to help verb object Usage 1: Used as object 作宾语 choose, hope, offer, want, decide, learn, plan, wish, like, hate, begin, continue, agree, pretend, promise, forget, remember, fail, need, refuse etc. Usage 1: Used as object 作宾语 A1 Mark and his mother visited Vivien. Mark is telling his friends about the visit. Complete his words with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. We (1) ________________(decide/ meet) Vivien today. We (2)_______________(want/help) her in some way. When we arrived, Vivien was very happy. She (3)________________ (begin/talk) to me about her school. She said, “I (4)_________ (like/ go) to school, but I don’t have any friends. I feel lonely.” Mum gave her some advice. Then Mum asked me to give Vivien her present, but I (5) ______________(forget/bring) it! Vivien said, “It’s OK. I (6)___________ (hope/see) you again soon.” decided to meet wanted to help began to talk like to go forgot to bring hope to see decide know learn remember ... where how what which who when verbs wh- words to infinitives to go to do to read to say to stop etc. Vivien doesn’t know who to talk to. She needs to learn how to express her feelings. Usage 1: Used as object 作宾语 1. Mark taught the children______ (tell) stories. 2. Annie taught the children _______ (sing). 3. We want them to ______(be) happy. to tell to sing be Usage 2: Used as object complement 作宾补 object object complement advise encourage teach warn allow expect tell order ask want Usage 2: Used as object complement 作宾补 1. The Spring Bud Project lets millions of girls _______ (return) to school. 2. It makes people _______ (pay) more attention to girls in need. return pay 不加to的不定式：(bare infinitive) make, let, help Usage 2: Used as object complement 作宾补 Betty: Morning, Cindy. We’re organizing a painting competition for the children in hospital. We’ll (1)______ them ___________(ask/paint) pictures. Would you like to take part in the competition? Cindy: Yes, I’d love to. I want to paint a picture of the park near my home, but the doctor won’t (2)_________ me ___________(let/go) out. He (3)_________ me _________(want/stay) in hospital. Betty: Do you (4)_______ me ___________(want/take) some photos of that park for you? Cindy: Yes. That would be very kind of you. Betty: I’ll go there this weekend. Then I’ll bring the photos to you next week and (5)___________ you ___________(teach/paint). Cindy: Thanks for your help. ask let go wants to stay to paint B Betty is visiting Cindy in the hospital. Complete their conversation with the correct forms of the verbs in brackets. teach want to take to paint Usage 3: Used as adverb (of purpose) 作目的状语 - Why did Betty go the park near Cindy’s home? - She went there to take some photos. = She went there in order to take some photos. pair work Make a conversation following this example: A: Why do you do sports every day? B: I do sports every day to keep myself healthy. C Use the information in the reports on page 3 to answer these questions. Use the correct infinitives in your answers. 1. Why did the three teenagers offer to do some voluntary work during the school holidays? They offered to do some voluntary work _______children in need. 2. Why did Betty go to the children’s hospital? She went to the hospital ___________ a painting competition for the children there. 3. Why did Betty go to the park near Cindy’s home? She went there ______________ some photos. 4. Why did Mark and his mother teach Vivien to tell stories? They taught Vivien to tell stories __________ her express her feelings. 5. Why did Annie teach disabled children to sing? She taught them to sing ___________ them joy and peace. to help to take to organize to help to bring 1. ______ (talk) with him is a great pleasure. 2. _______ (learn) a new language is helpful. 3. ________ (swim) in the sea is dangerous. To talk To learn 1. ______a great pleasure _______ with him. 2. ______ helpful ________ a new language. 3. ______ dangerous ________ in the sea. It is + adj. + to do sth. Usage 4: Used as subject 作主语 To swim It is to talk It is to learn It is to swim 3 Summary 3 2 1 作宾语 作宾补 作目的状语 Usages of Infinitives 4 作主语 v. + to do v. + wh- +to do v. + sb. + to do to do=in order to do to do=in order to do 4 Practice 真题链接 1.“Now we are trying our best ___15___ the penguin eggs. Do you want to help me?” Dad asked. （2024广州中考） A. protect B. to protect C. protecting D. protected 2. He was not fast enough ___4___ the worms (虫子) Mama Bird brought back. (2023广州中考） A. get B. got C. getting D. to get 3.My dad asked me ___6___ it into the kitchen. （2022广州中考） A. bring B. bringing C. brought D. to bring 4. The corn was saved all because one little raindrop tried its best ___15___ what it could.（2021广州中考） A. do B. doing C. to do D. did B D D C 动词不定式作宾语 He wants ______ some vegetables. 答案：to buy 解析：动词want后接不定式作宾语，表示想要做某事。 Don't forget ______ your homework with you when you come to school. 答案：to bring 解析：forget后接不定式表示忘记要做某事。 （1）他想买一些蔬菜。 （2）来学校的时候不要忘记带上你的作业。 （1）罗伯特叫我们帮助他学习中文，因此它的中文比以前好了很多。 （2）李老师经常教他的日本朋友做中国菜。 动词不定式作宾语补足语 Robert often asks us ______ his Chinese, so his Chinese is much better than before. 答案：to help him with 解析：ask后接不定式作宾语补足语，表示请求某人做某事。 Mr Li often teaches his Japanese friends ______ Chinese food. 答案：to cook 解析：teach后接不定式作宾语补足语，表示教某人做某事。 题目：She went ______ her teacher. 答案：to see/ to visit 解析：不定式作目的状语，表示动作的目的。 题目：Meimei likes English very much. She does her best ______ English well. 答案：to learn 解析：不定式作目的状语，表示努力的目标。 （1）她去看望她的老师。 （2）梅梅很喜欢英语。她尽力学好英语。 动词不定式作状语 （1）每天清洁房间是我们的责任。 （2）对我们来说学好英语是困难的。 动词不定式作主语 题目：It is our duty _________ the room every day. 答案：to clean 解析：动词不定式作主语时，常用形式主语it代替，真正的主语（不定式）放在句尾。 题目：It is hard for us _________ English well. 答案：to learn 解析：不定式作主语，表示动作的性质或难度。 （1）我们看见他进入大楼，上了楼梯。 （2）你爸爸在睡觉。你最好不要叫醒他 不带to的动词不定式 题目：We saw him ______ the building and go upstairs. 答案：enter 解析：感官动词see后接不带to的不定式，表示动作的全过程。 题目：Your father is sleeping. You'd better ______. 答案：not wake him up 解析：had better后接不带to的不定式，表示建议。 Thank you for listening! $$