Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle Learning About Language（课件）-【上好课】高二英语同步高效课堂（人教版选择性必修第三册）

Learning About Language Infinitives as Subject 人教版2019选择性必修第三册 Unit 2 Healthy Lifestyle . Contents Lead-in Build up your vocabulary Language Points Discover Useful Structures Self-evaluation Homework ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ ✔ . ✎ Learning objectives ✎ to grasp the key words and expressions; to identify and summarize “to do” structure as the subject; to apply “to do” structure as the subject properly to real situations. Lead-in ✎ Lead-in ✎ Listen, read and choose. alcohol pill psychology tobacco pill psychology tobacco ✎ Lead-in ✎ Listen, read and choose. psychology tobacco ✎ Lead-in ✎ Listen, read and choose. tobacco ✎ Lead-in ✎ Listen, read and choose. Build up your vocabulary ✎ Read for main idea and structure ✎ 1. Complete the summary using the words from the box. Teenagers often have bad habits. Most can be stopped by taking ___________ action. However, habits like _____________ and ______________ abuse can lead to serious addictions. According to modern __________, to change bad habits, we must first analyse them using the “habit ______ ”. To fix or improve a bad habit, we must first find out what the ____ is. Then we must change the old ________ routine to something more positive. If successful, we will feel a sense of ________ and our bad habit may disappear. Changing a bad habit is difficult and it is easy to make excuses and give up. We need to make up our minds and show some _________, and make small changes over time. There is no magic ____ to help us, but changing will ensure we have a happy and healthy life! appropriate tobacco/alcohol alcohol/tobacco psychology cycle cue negative reward pill discipline alcohol appropriate cue cycle negative pill psychology reward tobacco discipline 1 2 3 4 5 6 form a habit _______________________________________________ change a habit _______________________________________________ __________ _______________________________________________ __________ _______________________________________________ __________ _______________________________________________ We often form a habit without realising it. The expert gave us some tips on how to change bad habits. prevent a habit Of course, it is better to prevent a bad habit than break one! recognise a habit To recognise a bad habit is the first step. break a habit Be disciplined and don’t give up trying to break your bad habit! 2. Find “verb + a habit” collocations from the previous text. Then make sentences with them. ✎ Read for main idea and structure ✎ “Verb + a habit” collocations habit prevent break develop recognize change form I would like to change my habit of buying junk food and soft drinks. It is essential to prevent such a bad habit. It is crucial to develop a habit of exercising regularly. I am trying to break the habit of staying up too late. If we don’t recognize a bad habit, it will do harm to us. It is good to form a habit of reading an English article in China Daily every day. 3. Complete the passage using the correct forms of the words in the box. Add more sentences or paragraphs to the passage if possible. Simply speaking, a healthy lifestyle is about finding the right balance and making good choices. Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. If one element ____________ your life and the others are ignored, you will lose balance and not feel good. Carefully _________ your daily activities. Your health _________ what you choose to do in your daily life. A healthy lifestyle is generally a balanced life in which you make wise choices. Neither too much nor too little is good. Slowly ___________ changes in your lifestyle by using a step-by-step process. You do not have to change everything at once. Make small changes each day and your lifestyle will become healthier. examine dominate facilitate rely on dominates examine relies on facilitate Language Points 重点词汇 1. surgeon n. 　　　　　→ surgery n. 　 　　　　  2. shave vt. & n. 　　 　　  3. beard n. 　　　   4. cigarette n. 　　　 　  5. drug n. 　　　 　  6. 　　　　　 vt. & vi. 组成；作曲；撰写  7. 　　　　　 n. 解放；摆脱  8. 　　　　　 vt. 打扰；搅乱；使烦恼  9. 　　　　　 n. 专科医生；专家  10. 　　　　　 n. 顾问；高级顾问医师  11. 　　　　　 vt. 跳过；不参加；悄悄溜走　vi. 蹦蹦跳跳地走；跳绳　n. 蹦跳  外科医生 外科手术；外科学　 剃（须发）；刮脸　 胡须；络腮胡子　 香烟；卷烟　 毒品；药物　 compose　 liberation　 disturb　 specialist consultant　 skip ✎ Build up your vocabulary ✎ 重点短语 1. 　　 　　　 下定决心  2. 　　　　 　 由……组成（或构成）的  3. 　　　　　 剃掉；刮去  4. 　　　　　 采取行动  5. 　　　 　　 找借口  6. 　　　　 　 简单地说  7. begin with 　　 　　  8. be in control of 　　　　  9. lose weight 　　　　  10. cut out 　　　　　  11. take up 　　　　  12. stick to 　　　　  make up one’s mind　 be composed of shave off　 take action　 make excuses　 simply speaking　 以……开始　 控制　 减肥　 删去；删除　 占用　 坚持 教材原句 p16 We need to make up our minds and show some discipline... 我们需要下定决心，展示出一定程度的自制力…… 【词汇复现】 They made up their minds to cooperate with their friend’s company through the hard times. 他们下定决心与朋友的公司合作渡过难关。 ✎ Build up your vocabulary ✎ 1. make up one’s mind 下定决心（主语是复数，mind 用复数） 【归纳拓展】 keep/bear... in mind 把……记在心上 keep/bear in mind + that 从句记住…… change one’s mind 改变某人的主意 have... in mind （对某事）心中有合适的人选/ 想做的事 come into/to one’s mind 掠过/ 进入某人的脑海 bring... to mind 使……想起 ✎ Build up your vocabulary ✎ 完成句子 He has 　　　　　　　　 　　 (下定决心) to overcome his shortcomings. It’s a good idea. I’ll 　　　 　　　　　　(记在心里). 　　　　　　　　　　　　(记住……) note-taking is a selective process whenever or however you take notes. When I first met Bryan I didn’t like him, but I have _______________　　(改变看法). Do you 　　 　　　　　　　　(心中有人选) for the job? made up his mind keep/bear it in mind Keep/Bear in mind that changed my mind have anyone in mind ✎ Build up your vocabulary ✎ 教材原句 p16 Life is composed of many elements, such as family, friends, study, work, entertainment, and so on. 生活是由许多元素组成的，如家庭、朋友、学习、工作、娱乐等。 【词汇复现】 ① vt. 组成（不用于进行时，相当于make up） 搭配：be composed of 由……组成（或构成）的 England, Scotland and Wales compose the island of Great Britain. = The island of Great Britain is composed of England, Scotland and Wales. 英格兰、苏格兰和威尔士组成了大不列颠岛。 ✎ Build up your vocabulary ✎ 2. compose vt. 组成 vt. & vi. 作曲；撰写 【词汇复现】 ② vt. & vi. 作曲；撰写 On a freezing day, the composer composed a very beautiful piece of music. 在一个寒冷日子里，作曲家创作了一首非常优美的曲子。 ✎ Build up your vocabulary ✎ 2. compose vt. 组成 vt. & vi. 作曲；撰写 单句语法填空 According to a report, the committee 　　　 　 　(compose) of 12 members. Five doctors and ten nurses, 　　　　 　(compose) the rescue team, were sent to the earthquake-hit area this morning. ［词汇复现］Tom delayed his composition, for the first sentence was so hard 　　　　 　(compose). 完成句子 A football team 　　　　　　 　　 (由……组成)eleven players while six players can 　　　　 　　 　(组成) a volleyball team. is composed composing to compose 　 is composed of/is made up of/consists of compose/make up ✎ Build up your vocabulary ✎ Discover Useful Structures ✎ 探索发现：情境1 ✎ I am Christina. Christina is my English name. China has a long history. Helping others makes me happy. To see is to believe. It is true that you are very hard-working. What are the green words? 主语 Where are they? ✎ 探索发现：情境1 ✎ I am Christina. Christina is my English name. China has a long history. Helping others makes me happy. To see is to believe. It is true that you are very hard-working. 在句首 ✎ 探索发现：情境1 ✎ I am Christina. Christina is my English name. China has a long history. Helping others makes me happy. To see is to believe. It is true that you are very hard-working. What is the function? 动作的发出者 句子叙述的主体 I am Christina. Christina is my English name. China has a long history. Helping others makes me happy. To see is to believe. It is true that you are very hard-working. 主语可以由什么构成呢？ 代词 名词 动名词 不定式 主语从句 ✎ 探索发现：情境1 ✎ To see is to believe! It is your fault not to get there in time ! 常用 it 作形式主语，将 to do放在后面，使句子保持平衡。 ✎ 探索发现：情境2 ✎ To see is to believe! to do作主语，位于句首。 To finish the task will take a long time. 你能找到这几句话的主语吗? To get up early is necessary. To finish the building in a month is difficult. 总结：动词不定式作主语时，通常位于句首，表示具体的某次动作，谓语动词常用__________。 单数 ✎ 探索发现：情境2 ✎ ✎ Exercise ✎ To see _____(be) to believe. To get good _______(require) a lot of hard work. To learn a skill _____(be) very important for everyone in society. To change bad habits _____(be) never easy, even with many attempts. is is is requires 用所给词的适当形式填空并翻译句子。 It is your fault not to get there in time ! to do作主语，位于句末。 不定式作主语 It takes us an hour (get) there by bus. It’s our duty (help) the poor. It is a great enjoyment (spend) our holiday in the mountains. It + takes/took/will take(sb.)+ 时间(金钱)+ to do sth 句型 1 句型 2 It is + 名词 + to do sth. to get to help to spend 常见的名词有： pity, shame, pleasure, one’s duty, one’s job, fun, joy, good manners, bad manners等 ✎ Exercise ✎ It took the surgeon three hours _______(finish) my mother’s lung surgery. It will take a nutrition specialist an hour _________(make) a balanced diet menu for you. As a chef, _______ was my duty to cook. It is a pity _______(miss) the chance to see your show. ______ took me more than an hour to do my homework yesterday evening. to finish to make it to miss 用所给词的适当形式填空并翻译句子。 It It is easy for me to finish this work before ten. It is + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth. 句型 3 It is + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth. 句型 4 It is very kind of you to give me some help. 不定式作主语 若adj. “描述人的品格、特点”， 用of，如 kind, nice, wise, silly, polite, impolite, friendly, foolish, clever; 若adj.“描述事或行为的特征”， 用for，如easy, hard, difficult, possible, important, impossible, necessary, good, bad, exciting, interesting, surprising ✎ Summary ✎ ✎ Summary ✎ It is necessary ______ young students to learn a foreign language. It was silly ______ you to give up such a good chance! It is important _______ us to express our opinions. It was not polite ______ you to disturb your neighbours with loud music last night. Show time for of of for ✎ Exercise ✎ It is smart ____ you to turn to a fitness consultant for advice. It is dangerous ____ you to take illegal drugs. It is necessary for you ________(change) your job. ____ is difficult for us to learn English well. It was silly of you ________(give) up such a good chance! It’s very kind ____ you to say so. 用所给词的适当形式填空并翻译句子。 of for of to change It to give it作形式主语的常见句型 It is + 形容词（+ for sb.）+ to do sth. It is easy for me to learn how to drive. It is + 形容词（+ of sb.）+ to do sth. It is clever of him to leave that company. It is + 名词（a pleasure/a pity/an honor...）+ to do sth. It’s our duty to take care of the old. It takes/took sb. + some time + to do sth. It takes me an hour to do homework every day. ✎ Summary ✎ 动词不定式与疑问词连用构成不定式短语作主语。 Where to travel is unsure. Whether to have a holliday is undecided. 总结：动词不定式与疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how连用构成不定式短语作主语。 ✎ 探索发现：情境3 ✎ ✎ Exercise ✎ 1.When ________(start) has not been decided yet. 2. How ________(use) the computer is the question. 3.Where ________(go) has not been decided. 用所给词的适当形式填空并翻译句子。 to start to use to go ✎ 难点突破 ✎ To look after children is her job today. 她今天的工作是看孩子。 Looking after children is her work. 她的工作是照顾孩子。 [Summary]不定式作主语和动词-ing形式作主语的区别： 动名词作主语表示_______________的行为；不定式作主语表示 _________________________ 动作。 经常性或习惯性 具体的、一次性的或将来的 1. ______ (do) morning exercises regularly is good for your health. 2. It feels really good ______ (do) morning exercises today. Doing to do ✎ Exercise ✎ 1.It took years of work ___________ (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. 2.__________ (walk) is a good form of exercise for both the young and the old. 3.To do this _____ (be) to cut the feet to fit the shoes. 4._____ is difficult for him to admit his mistakes. 5.It was selfish _____ him not to share his dictionary with others. to reduce Walking is It of ✎ Exercise ✎ 连词成句 1. important / avoid / passive cigarette smoking ____________________________________________________________ 2. will take / nutrition specialist / a balanced diet menu / make / an hour / for you ____________________________________________________________ 3. useful / turn to / fitness consultant / for advice ____________________________________________________________ 4. illegal / dangerous / take / drugs ____________________________________________________________ 5. harmful / skip breakfast / often ____________________________________________________________ It will take nutrition specialist an hour to make a balanced diet menu for you. It is useful to turn to fitness consultant for advice. It is illegal and dangerous to take drugs. It is harmful to skip breakfast often. It is important to avoid passive cigarette smoking. 1. It takes us hours __________________ every day. 我们每天要花上数小时做家庭作业。 2. __________________ will take a long time. 要完成这项任务将要花费很长时间。 3. __________________ in one day is impossible. 在一天内完成这项工作是不可能的。 4. _____________________ a foreign language well. 要把一门外语学好不容易。 5. It’s very interesting _________________. 踢足球很有趣。 6. Father criticized me and told me it’s wrong _______________________. 父亲批评了我并且告诉我捉弄别人是错误的。 to play football to play tricks on other people ✎ Exercise ✎ to do our homework　 To finish the task To finish this job It’s not easy to learn Summary to do to do 作主语位于句首，在谓语之前 to do 作主语位于谓语之后，It作形式主语 疑问词+to do 构成不定式短语，作主语 和-ing 作主语的区别 To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting. It takes sb. time/money to do sth. It is + adj. + (for/of sb.) to do sth. It is + n. + (for sb.) to do sth. to do 表示具体的，将来的动作 -ing 表示一般的，已经完成的动作 与疑问词who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, how等连用 ✎ Summary ✎ 种类 形式 主动 被动 主语 宾语 宾补 表语 定语 状语 不定式 一般式 to do to be done √ √ √ √ √ √ 进行式 to be doing × 完成式 to have done to have been done 动名词 一般式 doing being done √ √ × √ √ × 完成式 having done having been done ✎ 非谓语动词的形式及句法功能 ✎ 分词 现在分词 一般式 doing being done × × √ √ √ √ 完成式 having done having been done 过去分词 一般式 done(vi.) 表完成 done(vt.)表被 动与完成 × × √ √ √ √ ✎ 非谓语动词的形式及句法功能 ✎ Self-evaluation ✎ Self-evaluation ✎ Things I can do Scores I can tell how to use “to do” structure as the subject. 5 3 1 I can use what I learned in this class in writing sentences. 5 3 1 I can tell the meanings of the key words and expressions. 5 3 1 I can share the importance of healthy lifestyle. 5 3 1 Homework Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. 1. Draw a mindmap to review what you have learned about the infinitives. 2. Use infinitives to write 3 sentences about healthy lifestyle. ✎ Homework ✎ Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy, wealthy, and wise. To exercise regularly is essential for good health. It is important for mental well-being to engage in social activities and maintain relationships. Thank You! null 2160.0 null 2064.0 null 2064.0 $$