Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语北师大版（2019）选择性必修第一册

Unit 3 Conservation Lesson 3 The Road to Destruction 1 自动驾驶技术是什么？ 自动驾驶技术是什么？ Learning Objectives At the end of the class, I will be able to: 1. analyze and summarize the social costs caused by traffic problems; 2. examine and conclude the approaches to make advice convincing and apply them to write a proposal letter; 3. interpret the meaning of the title; 4. cultivate environmental awareness and enhance social responsibility. 2 Activate and Share The road to... The road to Tokyo The road to New York The road to North Pole ... The road to destruction road sign 3 The road to destruction 1. What makes the road to destruction? 2. Why is it a road to destruction? ？？ Activate and Share ？？？ 4 Lead in advantages comfortable convenient speedy disadvantages traffic accident air pollution noise pollution traffic jams vehicle accident 5 traffic jams How do you feel when you get stuck in traffic jams? feel annoyed feel anxious feel stressed out feel tired feel angry feel helpless Warm-up … Read part 1 and answer the following questions. 1. What is the conversation trying to convey? 2. What effects does it have on individuals? Read and Answer 8 Read part 1 and answer the following questions. 1. What is the conversation trying to convey? Read and Answer “This morning, it took me 40 minutes to go downtown. More roadworks on the A10 !” “Oh really? It took me an hour. There was an accident on the M11.” road names in Britain The traffic was really bad. Why the conversation is included here? To lead in the topic 9 Read part 1 and answer the following questions. 2. What effects does it have on individuals? Read and Answer bad traffic 个人 10 Read part 1 and finish Exer.2 on P58. Read and Answer 1. How many cars are there on the roads? 32million / 50million / 64million 2. By how much has the number of cars gone up in the last 20 years? 10% / 25% / 40% 3. How many people die every year in vehicle accidents? 1,000 / 2,500 / 3,000 4. How many deaths per year are caused by air polution? 10,000 / 20,000 / 30,000 What do the following figures refer to? 25%, 32 million, 2,500, 30,000 11 Read and Explore 1. Why did the author list those figures? support 2. What are the social costs? 12 Read and Explore 2. What are the social costs? (2,500) (30,000) people’s death car accidents air pollution (some types of ...) cancer (One of the major causes of...) global warming & climate change greenhouse gases (25% & 32 million) Cars Social cost? Can you complete the mind map to show your understanding of the title? 1. What makes the road to destruction? 2.Why is it a road to destruction? 13 Read and Explore 2. What are the social costs? (2,500) (30,000) people’s death car accidents air pollution (some types of ...) cancer (One of the major causes of...) global warming & climate change greenhouse gases (25% & 32 million) Cars Can you complete the mind map to show your understanding of the title? 1. What makes the road to destruction? 2.Why is it a road to destruction? Destruction Cars make the road to destruction. 14 What might be the final purpose of this text? To inform that cars are causing severe problems. B. To appeal to everyone to take action and solve the problems caused by cars. Read and Explore 15 Answer the questions based on paragraph 1 in part 2. 1. Why do we make excuses to use cars? 2. Who offered the advice? Advice from an expert is more convincing. Read and Explore 16 Solutions Comparison Advantages/Examples Use your legs cars VS walk or cycle Use public transport 18 cars VS 1 bus Think before you go the other side of town VS the corner Share cars oneself VS share with someone else Take action nothing VS something save money, keep fit, live longer, cut the risk of heart disease relax, read a book, talk to someone before you get into your car, think about whether you really need to make that journey much cheaper, kinder to the environment talk to your neighbors, write to the papers, go to the city government, ask for a speed limit... advantages advantages advantages example examples Read advice 1 in detail to find out how the author makes her advice convincing. Read and Explore Advice 1: Use your legs. 18 1. In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometers. 2. Instead of taking short car journeys, we could easily walk or cycle. 3. Leg power can save your money, keep you fit and help you live longer. 4. Regular exercise also cut the risk of heart disease by 50%! figures practical beneficial figures Advice 1: Use your legs. Read and Explore 19 Read the rest 4 pieces of advice in detail to find out how the author make her advice convincing. Advice 2: Use public trasportation. Advice 3: Think before you go. Advice 4: Share cars. Advice 5: Take action! Read and Explore 20 1. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus, while the same number will need at least 18 cars. 2. Sometimes it can take a little longer, but so what? 3. You can relax, read a book, talk to someone----who knows? figures & comparison practical beneficial comparison Advice 2: Use public transport. Read and Explore 21 1. Do you really have to go to that shopping center on the other side of the town? 2. What about the shops around the corner? 3. Before you get into your car, think about whether you really need make that journey. examples practical comparison Advice 3: Think before you go. Read and Explore 22 1. If you really have to use a car, share journeys with someone else. 2. It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment. explanation beneficial Advice 4: Share cars. Read and Explore 23 1. We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise, pollution and danger of traffic. 2. There is. 3. Write to the papers. Go to the city government. Ask for a speed limit. 4. Do whichever of these things that suit you. Don’t just sit around and complain! explanation practical examples Advice 5: Take action! practical Read and Explore 24 Summarize the ways to make the author’s advice convincing. 1. Quotation 2. Figures 3. Examples 4. Explanation 5. Comparison 25 The following is the first sentence of the last paragraph, please continue to finish the writing. Write and Share All quite simple, isn’t it? Five easy ways to improve our environment. Well, ... 26 Read the last paragraph, and answer the following question. Did the author make any change to her life about using cars? If your answer is “No”, why? Cars make the road to destruction. makes the road to destruction. People’s addiction to cars Because the author was addicted to cars. ？？ 27 This morning , it took me 40 minutes to go downtown . More roadworks on the A10 “ Oh really ? It took me over an hour. There was an accident on the M11. How often have you heard these conversations ? How often do we get stuck in traffic jams ? How often do we arrive at work or school , stressed out, tired and angry ? For many people , the answer is every day . But personal anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs socially . Here are some figures about Britain : take 花费 it took/takes sb 钱/时间 to do sth stuck. adj.卡住，陷入，困于= trapped Part 1 downtown: city center / central business district(CBD) by accident 偶然，意外地 by chance Pressure 压力 Figure n. 数字 ;人物；身材 figure out=work out 弄明白 be nothing compared to 与...相比不值得一提 stressed out = anxious adj. 焦虑的 In the last 20 years , the number of cars on the roads has gone up by 25%. There are now 32 million cars . Over the last decade , an average of 2,500 people have died every year in vehicle accidents . Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change , as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases . Almost 30,000 deaths per year are caused by air polution . Some types of cancer are related to traffic pollution . decade [ˈdekeɪd] =10 年 major=main 主要的 Part 1 on average 平均来看 below/above average 高于/低于平均水平 be caused by 由...引起 =in the last/past 2 decades go up=rise=increase 上涨；上升 go down=reduce=decrease 下降 various types of =different kinds of = a wide range of 不同种类的 be ralated to=be linked to= be connected to 与...有关 traffic We know that cars are bad for us . But we always make excuses：“The buses are terrible”.“ The trains are always late”, “I haven’t got time to walk” I’ m talking about myself , too . To be frank, l’m addicted to my car . When I asked a friend working for a green - living organisation for advice about how to give up , she told me five things : Use your legs . In 2014, over 55% of car journeys were under eight kilometres . Instead of taking short car journeys , we could easily walk or cycle . Leg power can save your money , keep you fit and help you live longer . Regular exercise also cuts the risk of heart disease by 50%! Part 2 语气 找借口 be addicted to 沉迷于 addict [ˈædɪkt] v. 使...入迷 addictive adj. 使人入迷的 降低...的风险 绿色生活组织 to be frank=to tell the truth=to be honest 说实话 rather than 而不是 regular adj. 定时的，规律的 regularly adv.有规律地，经常 irregular adj. 不规律的 [əˈdɪktɪd] do harm to 对...有害 Use public transport. Up to 90 people can travel in one bus , while the same number wil need at least 18 cars .Sometimes it can take a little bit longer ,but so what ? You can relax , read a book , talk to someone - who knows ? Think before you go . Do you really have to go to that shopping centre on the other side of town ? What about the shops around the corner ? Before you get into your car , think about whether you really need to make that journey . Part 2 转折：前后对比 购物中心 shopping mall 那又怎样呢？反驳他人指责，认为无关紧要 whether 是否 宾从 至少 at most 至多 多达 很近，在附近；即将来临 New Year is around the corner. 新年即将来临！ even, a little, a bit, a little bit, far, much，a lot，rather, still 等程度词后加比较级 加强语气 Share cars . If you realy have to use a car , share journeys with someone else . It is much cheaper and kinder to the environment . Take action ! We often think there is nothing we can do about the noise , pollution and danger of traffic. There is . If your street is full of heavy traffic , talk to your neighbours about it . Write to the papers . Go to the city govemment . Ask for a speed limit ”. Do whichever of these things that suit you . Don ’ t just sit around and complain ! Part 2 限速 be full of = be filled with That 定语从句 share sth with sb 与某人分享某物 市政府 sit around =sit about 无所事事地消磨时间，闲坐 complain about 抱怨 complaint n. 抱怨，投诉 All quite simple , isn ’ t it ? Five easy ways to improve our environment . Well , I ’ m sorry I have to finish this article , but I ' ve got to pick up my daughter from school at 4 pm . Then l ' ve got to drive to the supermarket to do the shopping . After that , I have to take my son to a party . The traffic is going to be horrible ”, but what can I do ? Part 2 pick up 开车（接人） 接电话 pick up/ answer/get on the telephone 改善，好转 Industrial production is beginning to pick up. （偶然）得到，学会 where did you pick up your English 宾语从句 十分讨厌的，极坏的=terrible Review Brainstorm words/phrases related to traffic. Traffic Road Vehicles Influence Feeling /behavior roadwork, construction work, pedestrian, pavement, highway, freeway, lane, speed limit, crossroads, roundabout … accident, death, air pollution, traffic jam, global warming, carbon dioxide, cancer, climate change, greenhouse gas, get stuck in … angry, stressed out, tired/exhausted, annoyed … complain, quarrel, curse, fight, call police … public transport, bus, subway, bicycle, car, motorbike, train, wagon, truck, lorry, coach, taxi/cab, ambulance, chariot, delivery van, aircraft, boat … 35 Grammar We can call those expressions “air pollution, traffic jam, global warming, carbon monoxide, cancer, climate change, greenhouse gases, get stuck in traffic” ____________. collocations What is a collocation? A collocation is two or more words that often go together. These combinations just sound “right” to native English speakers, who use them all the time. On the other hand, other combinations may be unnatural and just sound “wrong”. Look at these examples: Natural English Unnatural English the fast train fast food the quick train quick food a quick shower a quick meal a fast shower a fast meal Χ Χ Χ Χ 36 Why do we learn collocations? 1) Our language will be more natural and more easily understood. 2) We will have alternative and richer ways of expressing ourselves. 3) It is easier for our brains to remember and use language in chunks or blocks rather than as single words. Grammar How do we learn collocations? • Be aware of collocations, and try to recognize them when you see or hear them. • Treat collocations as single blocks of language. Think of them as individual blocks or chunks, and learn strongly support, not strongly + support. • When you learn a new word, write down other words that collocate with it (remember rightly, remember distinctly, remember vaguely, remember vividly). Grammar • Read as much as possible. Reading is an excellent way to learn vocabulary and collocations in context and naturally. • Revise what you learn regularly. Practise using new collocations in context as soon as possible after learning them. • Learn collocations in groups that work for you. You could learn them by topic (time, number, weather, money, family) or by a particular word (take action, take a chance, take an exam). • You can find information on collocations in any good learner’s dictionary. And you can also find specialized dictionaries of collocations. Grammar Types of collocation: there are several different types of collocation made from combinations of verb, noun, adjective etc. Some of the most common types are: adverb + adjective: completely satisfied adjective + noun: severe pain noun + noun: a surge of anger noun + verb: lions roar verb + noun: commit suicide verb + expression with preposition: burst into tears verb + adverb: wave eagerly Grammar Look at the Word Builder. Match the words (1-8) with the endings (a-h) to form common collocations. Then use the collocations to complete the summary. Word Builder 1 make 2 get stuck 3 be 4 protect 5 do 6 pick 7 cause 8 share a addicted to b a lot of harm c cars d in a traffic jam e up sb. f the environment g excuses h global warming 1-g make excuses 2-d get stuck in a traffic jam 3-a be addicted to 4-f protect the environment 5-b do a lot of harm 6-e pick up sb. 7-h cause global warming 8-c share cars Grammar 41 Many people often 1_______________________ when they go to work. How annoyed and stressed they often feel! But the problem is that the number of cars is still going up. Traffic pollution has been found to 2____________________ and climate change to a large degree. Too many cars 3________________ to the environment and our health. Some advice has been given for people to help 4 ________________________, for example, using public transport or 5 ____________, doing your shopping in the shop just around the corner instead of driving to the other side of town. However, people 6_________________ using cars. They 7 ______________ for using their cars, “I need to 8 __________ my daughter. What can I do?” get stuck in a traffic jam cause global warming do a lot of harm protect the environment sharing cars are addicted to make excuses pick up Grammar Match the words or phrases on the left (1-8) with those on the right (a-h) to make collocations. Then complete the paragraph with the correct form. 1 heavy 2 share 3 get stuck 4 feel 5 keep 6 make 7 take 8 worry about a a car b such a long time c stressed out d traffic e high levels of pollution f excuses g in a traffic jam h fit 1-d heavy traffic 2-a share a car 3-g get stuck in a traffic jam 4-c feel stressed out 5-h keep fit 6-f make excuses 7-b take such a long time 8-e worry about high levels of pollution Grammar 43 I just hate getting to work in the morning. It 1____________________ to get to my office from my home because of the 2 ____________. Often I 3 _______ _____________ and I really 4 ______________. Last year, I tried to 5__________ with my colleagues who live near me but it still took so long. Now I go to work by train. To be honest, I really 6 _______________________________. It seems every year it is getting worse. I can’t understand why people always drive cars, even for a short journey when they could walk. Even though in recent years, the price of petrol goes up, people still 7____________ to use their cars. If your journey is less than 30 minutes, I really think the obvious solution is to walk. It will help you 8________ and be good to the environment. takes such a long time heavy traffic get stuck in a traffic jam feel stressed out share a car worry about high levels of pollution keep fit make excuses Grammar break Work out collocations with “break, catch, get, keep, pay and save” in groups. catch a habit a leg a promise a record a window someone’s heart the ice the law the news to someone the rules a ball a bus a chill a cold a thief fire sight of someone’s attention someone’s eye the flu Grammar get keep a job a shock angry divorced drunk frightened home lost married nowhere permission pregnant ready started the impression the message the sack upset wet worried a diary a promise a secret an appointment calm control in touch quiet someone’s place the change Grammar pay save a fine attention by credit card cash interest someone a compliment someone a visit the bill the price your respects electricity energy money one’s strength someone a seat someone’s life something to a disk space time yourself the trouble Grammar 练习学案 派生词： ___________adj. 卡住的、无法移动的 _________ ____ 陷入，插入 _________ ____ 被迫接受、无法摆脱 _________ ____ 迷恋于、粘上 _________ ____ 傲慢的、自大的 __________adj. 烦恼的、生气的 ___________ adj. 恼人的、烦人的 ___________ 烦恼、生气、令人讨厌的人或物 ___________ v. 骚扰、打搅 _______ v. 相联系 ___________adj. 相关的 有关系的 ____________n.关系 ___________ v. 有相关性 _________ n 叙述者，关系词 __________ adj. 定期的，有规律的 _________adj. 不规则的、不定期的___________n. 规律性 ______________v. 使有规则、使合法化、使有秩序 ___________v. 适合 n. 套装 ____________ adj. 适当的、相配的 stuck relator correlate relation relative relate annoy annoying annoyed stuck up stuck on stuck with stuck in suit regularity irregular regularize regular suitable annoyance 英文 中文 Get stuck in traffic jams 陷入交通堵塞  Stressed out 压力过大  Be nothing compared to 与……相比不算什么  The number of ……的数量  Go up by  上升了…… Go up to 上升到……  Die in vehicle accidents 在交通事故中死亡  One of the major causes  主要原因之一 Global warming and climate change  全球变暖和气候变化 Various types of  各种类型的 Cut the risk of heart disease 降低患心脏病的风险  Think before you go  行动前思考 Do whichever of these things that suit you 做适合你的这些事情中的任何一个  Don’t just sit around and complain. 不要只是坐着抱怨  短语 Ⅰ.单词拼写 1．The medicine is effective against ________ (癌症). 2．It is difficult to ________ (联系) these results with any recognised cause. 3．They have set a ________ (定期的) time for vocational study to prevent distraction. 4．He was an outgoing man in his forties, smartly dressed in a ________ (套装) and tie. 5．________ (道路施工) are causing traffic jams in the city centre. 6．He was unable to hold back his a________ and contributed to a fight. 7．The storm left a mass of ________ (毁坏) behind. 8．He said that his car had got ________ (陷入) in a traffic jam. 9．She sat there, silently annoyed at the traffic j________ . 10．I'm a________ by his bad manners. 11．The historical article described the major events of the d________ . 12．Capital construction is under way at a couple of ________ (汽油) fields. 1．cancer　2.relate　3.regular　4.suit　5.Roadworks6．anger　7.destruction　8.stuck　9.jam　10.annoyed　11．decade　12.gas Ⅱ.短语填空 be annoyed at, be compared to, go up by, be addicted to, instead of, make excuses, get stuck in, traffic jam, stressed out, be related to 1．Our tense work can ____________ a battle. 2．Sometimes we choose to ____________ TV series or games to consume time. 3．____________ applying herself to her lessons, Mary spends her time building a castle in the air. 4．To find methods for success but not ____________ for failure. 5．The cab drivers who knew about the ____________ switched to another road. 6．They can sometimes ____________ unusual disease or infection. 7．Your lover may ____________ your behaviour. 8．Production ____________ 25% this month. 9．That means vehicles fitted with them will not ____________ the valley. 10．If you are ____________， strive to lessen your burden. 1．be compared to　2.be addicted to　3.Instead of　4.make excuses　5.traffic jam　6. be related to　7.be annoyed at　8.goes up by　9.get stuck in　10.stressed out Ⅲ.单句语法填空 1．You should remain modest when ________ (approach) perfection. 2．He had tried to coax (哄) the dog to him but, ________ (frighten), it had run off. 3．A man should learn ________ (suit) ways to deal with life. 4．Naomi managed to figure ________ 16 of Steve's favourite, and most personal, songs. 5．Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, ________ (compare) to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness. 6．You also need to judge the quality and depth of your motivation. This is quite important, because it is directly related ________ your commitment. 7．Jack is leaving early to avoid getting ________ (stick) in traffic. 8．Who hasn't received an email so ________ (annoy) that it ruined an entire day? 1．approaching　时间状语从句中省略了you are。 2．frightened　形容词作原因状语。 3．suitable　形容词作定语。 4．out　figure out想出；弄清楚。 5．compared　compared to与……相比。 6．to　be related to与……有关联。 7．stuck　get stuck in陷入……中。 8．annoying　修饰名词email要用-ing形式的形容词。 Ⅳ.完成句子 1．Hardly could I ________________ (抑制我的愤怒) when I heard that you broke your promise. 2．With the final exam ________________ (即将来临), I am very nervous and in low spirits because I am afraid of letting my parents down. 3．The group meets ________________ (定期), usually weekly or biweekly. 4．We can't ________________(坐视不理) and watch our planet destroyed. 5．The school should create an environment that __________________________ (适合学生学习). 长难句分析 1.Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change, as car engines produce various types of greenhouse gases. 从句类型及引导词____________________________________________________________ 主干________________________________________________________________________ 翻译________________________________________________________________________ 2.When I asked a friend working for a green-living organization for advice about how to give up, she told me five things: 从句类型及引导词____________________________________________________________ 主干________________________________________________________________________ 翻译________________________________________________________________________ 3.Do whichever of these things that suits you. 从句类型及引导词____________________________________________________________ 主干________________________________________________________________________ 翻译________________________________________________________________________ 时间状语从句 引导词：When I asked a friend for advice. 当我向一位在绿色生活组织工作的朋友请教如何去戒时，她告诉了我五件事。 宾语从句 引导词：whichever Do these things. 做任何一个适合你的事情。 原因状语从句 引导词：as Traffic is one of the major causes of global warming and climate change. 交通是全球变暖和气候变化的主要原因之一，因为汽车发动机产生各种类型的温室气体。 $$