专题08.动词时态、语态精讲-2025届中考英语总复习（人教版）

专题07.动词时态、语态精讲 时态 考点导图 知识1一般现在时 一、结构 1．主语＋am／is／are＋表语 2．主语＋动词原形／动词第三人称单数形式 二、标志词 1．频度副词：always，usually， often，sometimes， seldom，never等 2．表示频率的词组：once a year，twice a month， three times a day等 3．其他词组：on Sundays，at／on weekends，every day／year...（every系列） 三、用法 1．表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作，常与频度副词连用。 He always late.他总是迟到。 2．表示现在的状态、主语的性格或具备的能力。 I am twelve. I playing football. 我12岁了。我喜欢踢足球。 Bill beef, but he doesn't like chicken. 比尔喜欢牛肉，但是他不喜欢鸡肉。 3．表示客观事实或普遍真理。 The earth around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 4．表示按时间表预计将发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来意义。 The plane at 2:00, so we still have time for lunch．飞机2：00起飞，所以我们仍有时间吃午饭。 知识2 一般过去时 一、结构 1．主语＋was／were＋表语 2．主语＋动词过去式 二、标志词 yesterday, yesterday morning/ afternoon, last night/ week/month/year, many years/ three days ago, in 2007/1990，in the past，just now等。 三、用法 1．表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内所发生的动作或存在的状态。 He up at 6：30 yesterday．他昨天六点半起的床。 We to Beijing last week.我们上周去了北京。 2．表示过去常常或反复发生的动作，常与always，usually，often，sometimes，never等频度副词连用。 He always to work by bus last year. 他去年总是坐公交车去上班。 3．在含since引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 My father has worked in the company since he here.我父亲从到这里以来一直在这家公司工作。 知识3 一般将来时 一、结构 1．主语＋助动词 will＋动词原形 2．主语＋be（am／is／are）＋going to＋动词原形 二、标志词 tomorrow, tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening, next week/ month/ year,soon,in a few days/ 100 years/ an hour，in the future等。 三、用法 1．表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 We to see you next week.下周我们将来看你。 2．表示将要发生的动作或安排，或打算、计划、决定要做的事。 They volleyball next week.他们下周要去打排球。 易错点 主将从现：描述未来事件时，在含有由if，unless，as soon as，when，until 等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（表将来）。 I will tell him the good news when he comes back.当他回来时，我将告诉他这个好消息 知识4 现在进行时 一、结构 主语＋助动词be（am／is／are）＋动词的-ing形式 二、标志词 1.now, right now, at present, at this time, at the/this moment，these days等。 2.Look!/ Listen!/ Hurry up! 三、用法 1．表示此时此刻或说话人说话时正在进行或发生的动作。 He is TV now.他现在正在看电视。 2．表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。 We hard this month. 我们这个月训练很努力。 知识5 过去进行时 重点 一、结构 主语＋was／were＋动词的-ing形式 二、标志词 all this time yesterday, at that time, at 6:00 yesterday, at that moment，then等。 三、用法 重点 1．表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。 -What you at eight last night? -昨天晚上八点你在做什么？ -I my homework. -我在写作业。 2．表示一个过去的动作发生时，另一个过去的动作正在进行。 He when I came in. 当我进来时，他正在看书。 3．表示两个过去的动作同时进行。 I my homework while my mother .我在写作业，而我妈妈在煮饭。 知识6 现在完成时 重点 一、结构 主语＋助动词have／has＋过去分词 二、标志词 never, ever, just, before, already, yet, so far, “for +时间段”, “since＋时间点”等。 三、用法 1．表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一个动作，对现在造成影响（或结果）。 -Have you had your lunch yet? -你吃午饭了吗？ -Yes, I have. I've just it. -是的，我吃了。我刚吃完。 （影响/结果：现在我不饿了） 2．有些动词的现在完成时可表示动作或状态在过去某一时间已经开始，持续到现在（包括“现在”在内），也许还要持续下去。常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”连用，谓语动词多为延续性动词。 We here since 2000. 自从2000年我们一直住在这里。 I’ve known Bob for three years.我认识鲍勃三年了。 3．非延续性动词在否定结构中可用现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 I haven't anything for two months. 我都两个月没买什么东西了。 四、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 一般过去时和现在完成时都可以表示过去发生的动作，但是在具体的语境中，这两种时态有明显的区别。 1．一般过去时说话的侧重点在陈述过去发生的事情或状态。如： I to Beijing last month.我上个月去北京了。 （陈述客观事实） 2．现在完成时表示到说话时为止已经发生或完成的动作或状态，强调造成的结果或对现在产生的影响。 to Beijing many times.我去过北京根多次。（我对北京较熟悉） a new smart phone.我买了一部新的智能手机。（我有新手机用了） 五、延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法 1．现在完成时的时间状语如果是“since＋时间点”或“for＋一段时间”，在肯定句中谓语动词要用延续性动词。 我离开这个城市已经8年了。 I’ve left this city for eight years.(x) I’ve been away from this city for eight years =I left this city eight years ago.) (√) 2．常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的对应 非延续性 延续性 buy borrow open close begin/start come/go finish/end die catch a cold marry get up wake up fall asleep join leave arrive/reach 6、 现在完成时的三个常见易混结构：have been to，have gone to 和 have been in 难点 1．have been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在该地。如： Have you been to Beijing before? 你以前去过北京吗？ 2．have gone to 则表示“已经去了某地”，现在还未回来。如： Jim has gone to London with his family. 吉姆已和他的家人去了伦敦。 3. have been in 表示“已在某地（待了多久）”。 如：The Greens have been in China for two years. 格林一家已在中国待了两年了。 被动语态 知识1 被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词时完全一样。 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are +done The classroom every day.教室每天都会被打扫。 一般过去时的被动语态 was/were +done This bridge ten years ago.这座桥建于十年前。 一般将来时的被动语态 will be+done; am/is/are going to be+done A new school next year.明年一所新的学校将会被建起来。 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词＋be +done 16-year-old teenagers to drive. 十六岁的青少年不应该被允许开车。 Something about the present situation. 对于目前的情况，必须采取某种措施。 知识2 使用被动语态的几种情况 重点 1．不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。 This bicycle in China. 这辆自行车是在中国制造的。 2．需要强调动作的承受者。 Many every year. 每年都应该种很多树。 3．当动作的执行者是物时，多用被动语态。 The window by the wind. 窗户被风吹坏了。 4．有些动词习惯上只用被动语态。 He in 1990．他出生于1990年。 注意 主动句中在感官动词（see，hear，watch，feel，notice等）及使役动词（make，have等）后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to。如： He made the girl stay at home.（变为被动语态） →The girl was made stay at home by him. 考点综合练 一．时态 一.单句填空 1．[2024衡阳三模]The show’s slow pace and ordinary style __________（win） people’s hearts since it came out. 2．[2024常德模拟改编]The boy asked how much the watermelons were per kg. John ______（shake） his head and had to go back to ask. 3．[2024 长沙雅礼一模]Many young dancers enjoy learning and sharing short dance videos on Douyin to document their growth. Inspired by this, Tongtong _________（learn） to upload dance videos on Douyin since last November. 4．[2024娄底二模]In 1994, she went on a vacation to the Bahamas and ____（fall） in love with both diving and the island. 5．[2024长沙模拟]More than one billion people are __________（watch） the Spring Festival Gala. 6．[2024张家界模拟]The situation ________（be） even worse in a few years unless factories stop polluting the water. 7．[2024衡阳模拟]Since ancient times, it __________（be） a great place for moon watchers during the Mid-Autumn Festival. 8．[2024长沙模拟]It means red or rosy clouds in English and ________（stand） for youth and strength（力量）. [答案]stands [解析]考查一般现在时。句意：它在英语中的意思是红色或玫瑰色的云彩，代表着青春和力量。根据“It means red or rosy clouds in English”可知，这里为一般现在时。主语It为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填stands。 9．[2023常德]—Look! What are the boys doing? —They ______________（play） basketball. 10．[2023永州]A journey of a thousand li ________（begin） with a single step. 11．[2023永州]Last week my sister ________（fail） her cooking exam because she burnt something. 12．[2023邵阳改编]—Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr. Liu? —Sorry, he ______________（go） Changsha. 13．[2023永州改编]My parents and I ________（visit） Yangmingshan Mountain last winter. 14．[2023怀化改编]Look! Our Chinese teacher ____________（give） a talk in the meeting room. 15．[2023常德改编]He pulled so hard that the rope on the bucket ______（break） and he fell on his back. 16．[2023株洲改编]When my friend called me yesterday, I ___________（help） my mom in the kitchen. 17．[2022常德]—Where were you at ten o’clock last Sunday? —I felt like hanging out with you, but I ________________（study） for a test at that time. 18．[2022常德]—Is Lisa there? —No, she isn’t. She __________（do） some reading at the library. 19．[2022永州]Half a month ago, we ______（spend） the Dragon Boat Festival with our family together. 20．[2022郴州改编]—The song Together for a Shared Future is very popular now. —That’s for sure! Both the young and the old ____（like） it. 21．[2022邵阳改编]—Where’s Anna, dear? —She ____________（take） an online class in her room. 22．[2022怀化改编]We ________________（see） each other since I came to Changsha, but we often send emails. 23．[2022郴州改编]—Is your father at home, Jill? —No. He ____________（wash） his car outside. 24．[2021益阳改编]—Jack, how do you like the new movie Hi, Mom directed（导演） by Jia Ling? —Well, it’s really a funny movie. I ________________（watch） it for three times. 二.时态填空 A [2024湖南联考改编]Have you heard of the Chinese Poetry Conference? It is a kind of TV show held on CCTV. And if you have ever watched the show, you must know the man called Peng Min. Peng 1.  （be） interested in Chinese poetry ever since he was a little boy. The man usually 2.  （say） he can recite more than 1,000 Chinese poems. But his success at the Chinese Poetry Conference didn’t come easily. Peng has taken part in the show many times. During his previous（以前的） appearances, he 3.  （make ） many silly mistakes. He failed twice. But his love for poetry didn’t die. This year, he was back. “Even if I lose again, at least I’ve tried. But if I’m afraid of trying, I 4.  （be） more of a loser,” Peng said. Finally, he became the winner in the fifth season. B Loni loved the town where she lived with her grandma. From their window,Loni and her grandma watched people walk and run along the busy street. At the crossing, a guide dog 5.  （help） its owner cross the street. “Grandma, I love living here. I hope our town will never change,” said Loni as she watched them walking. “We have a great town now, Loni,” smiled Grandma. “But did you know that in the past there were only farms here? It 6.  （look） very different when my great-grandmother（曾祖母）was a little girl.” Grandma showed Loni a picture of a young girl standing next to a barn（谷仓）. There were only dusty（布满灰尘的） roads in the town with a river flowing through, and people mainly 7.  （go） on a trip by boat, by horse or on foot. “Our town 8.  （change） a lot so far,” said Loni proudly. “I believe it 9.  （keep） growing and will become more and more attractive, just like me.” 被动语态 一.单句填空 1．[2024株洲模拟改编]The dog Zern ______________（train） well before, so it’s easy for him to smell special smell. 2．[2024长沙联考]He started the “little teacher system” in which young students ____________________（encourage） to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. 3．[2024长沙雅礼一模改编]Tongtong is glad that nowadays her dance ____________（admire） by so many people online. 4．[2024湖南联考]Another said, “Now I __________（move） by the mother’s love for her son and his gratitude（感激） to his mother.” 5．[2024长沙模拟]In ancient times, the Chinese emperors loved dragons and their clothes ________________（cover） with pictures of dragons. 6．[2023常德]—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ______________（write） by Aron Ralston. 7．[2023岳阳改编]The panda Ya Ya ______________（bring） back to China on April 27th, 2023. 8．[2023郴州改编]Many trees and flowers ______________（plant） every year to make our environment more beautiful. 9．[2023常德模拟]At home, students should ______________（educate） to look after themselves from a young age. 10．[2022郴州改编]A new supermarket ________________（build） on Center Street next year. 二.语态填空 A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk. For example, China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers（层）. Spacesuits 1.  （fill） with air, so they look like they’re puffed up（膨胀的）. The sixth layer is made of special fibers（纤维） that protect astronauts from radiation. Astronauts 2.  （connect） to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate through. There is also a mirror on the wrist（手腕）. Astronauts can check their suits by looking at it. The first Feitian suit 3.  （make） in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk for about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation（代） of Feitian. It can support walks as long as eight hours and can 4.  （use） more often. Each suit 5.  （cost） around 30 million yuan and it takes four months to make just one! 三、从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 stay plant read make use say drive bring jump speak 1．—Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. Chinese ____________ by more and more people around the world nowadays. 2．To make the environment much better, more trees ____________________ next year. 3．When Linda saw the bicycle, she ________ for joy because it was what she wanted. 4．—Has your cousin returned from the USA? —No. She ____________ there for another week. 5．Sorry, buddy. I ____________ at the moment. Can I call you back later? 6．My mind wasn't on what he ____________. So I'm afraid I have missed a lot. 7．This book must be great. My sister __________ it five times. 8．It is reported that the new technology ________________ widely in a short time. 9．The young man was ____ to do heavy work by the boss. 10．Sweet memories were ________ back when I saw these old things. 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题07.动词时态、语态精讲 时态 考点导图 知识1一般现在时 一、结构 1．主语＋am／is／are＋表语 2．主语＋动词原形／动词第三人称单数形式 二、标志词 1．频度副词：always，usually， often，sometimes， seldom，never等 2．表示频率的词组：once a year，twice a month， three times a day等 3．其他词组：on Sundays，at／on weekends，every day／year...（every系列） 三、用法 1．表示现阶段经常性、习惯性的动作，常与频度副词连用。 He always comes late.他总是迟到。 2．表示现在的状态、主语的性格或具备的能力。 I am twelve. I enjoy playing football. 我12岁了。我喜欢踢足球。 Bill likes beef, but he doesn't like chicken. 比尔喜欢牛肉，但是他不喜欢鸡肉。 3．表示客观事实或普遍真理。 The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 4．表示按时间表预计将发生的动作，用一般现在时表将来意义。 The plane leaves at 2:00, so we still have time for lunch．飞机2：00起飞，所以我们仍有时间吃午饭。 知识2 一般过去时 一、结构 1．主语＋was／were＋表语 2．主语＋动词过去式 二、标志词 yesterday, yesterday morning/ afternoon, last night/ week/month/year, many years/ three days ago, in 2007/1990，in the past，just now等。 三、用法 1．表示过去某个时间或某一段时间内所发生的动作或存在的状态。 He got up at 6：30 yesterday．他昨天六点半起的床。 We went to Beijing last week.我们上周去了北京。 2．表示过去常常或反复发生的动作，常与always，usually，often，sometimes，never等频度副词连用。 He always went to work by bus last year. 他去年总是坐公交车去上班。 3．在含since引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句中，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时。 My father has worked in the company since he came here.我父亲从到这里以来一直在这家公司工作。 知识3 一般将来时 一、结构 1．主语＋助动词 will＋动词原形 2．主语＋be（am／is／are）＋going to＋动词原形 二、标志词 tomorrow, tomorrow morning/ afternoon/ evening, next week/ month/ year,soon,in a few days/ 100 years/ an hour，in the future等。 三、用法 1．表示在将来某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用。 We will come to see you next week.下周我们将来看你。 2．表示将要发生的动作或安排，或打算、计划、决定要做的事。 They are going to play volleyball next week.他们下周要去打排球。 易错点 主将从现：描述未来事件时，在含有由if，unless，as soon as，when，until 等引导的时间状语从句和条件状语从句的主从复合句中，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时（表将来）。 I will tell him the good news when he comes back.当他回来时，我将告诉他这个好消息 知识4 现在进行时 一、结构 主语＋助动词be（am／is／are）＋动词的-ing形式 二、标志词 1.now, right now, at present, at this time, at the/this moment，these days等。 2.Look!/ Listen!/ Hurry up! 三、用法 1．表示此时此刻或说话人说话时正在进行或发生的动作。 He is watching TV now.他现在正在看电视。 2．表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作或持续的状态。 We are exercising hard this month. 我们这个月训练很努力。 知识5 过去进行时 重点 一、结构 主语＋was／were＋动词的-ing形式 二、标志词 all this time yesterday, at that time, at 6:00 yesterday, at that moment，then等。 三、用法 重点 1．表示过去某个时刻正在进行的动作。 -What were you doing at eight last night? -昨天晚上八点你在做什么？ -I was doing my homework. -我在写作业。 2．表示一个过去的动作发生时，另一个过去的动作正在进行。 He was reading when I came in. 当我进来时，他正在看书。 3．表示两个过去的动作同时进行。 I was doing my homework while my mother was cooking.我在写作业，而我妈妈在煮饭。 知识6 现在完成时 重点 一、结构 主语＋助动词have／has＋过去分词 二、标志词 never, ever, just, before, already, yet, so far, “for +时间段”, “since＋时间点”等。 三、用法 1．表示过去发生的或已经完成的某一个动作，对现在造成影响（或结果）。 -Have you had your lunch yet? -你吃午饭了吗？ -Yes, I have. I've just had it. -是的，我吃了。我刚吃完。 （影响/结果：现在我不饿了） 2．有些动词的现在完成时可表示动作或状态在过去某一时间已经开始，持续到现在（包括“现在”在内），也许还要持续下去。常和“for＋时间段”或“since＋时间点”连用，谓语动词多为延续性动词。 We have lived here since 2000. 自从2000年我们一直住在这里。 I’ve known Bob for three years.我认识鲍勃三年了。 3．非延续性动词在否定结构中可用现在完成时表示持续的动作或状态。 I haven't bought anything for two months. 我都两个月没买什么东西了。 四、一般过去时和现在完成时的区别 一般过去时和现在完成时都可以表示过去发生的动作，但是在具体的语境中，这两种时态有明显的区别。 1．一般过去时说话的侧重点在陈述过去发生的事情或状态。如： I went to Beijing last month.我上个月去北京了。 （陈述客观事实） 2．现在完成时表示到说话时为止已经发生或完成的动作或状态，强调造成的结果或对现在产生的影响。 I’ve been to Beijing many times.我去过北京根多次。（我对北京较熟悉） I have bought a new smart phone.我买了一部新的智能手机。（我有新手机用了） 五、延续性动词与非延续性动词在现在完成时中的用法 1．现在完成时的时间状语如果是“since＋时间点”或“for＋一段时间”，在肯定句中谓语动词要用延续性动词。 我离开这个城市已经8年了。 I’ve left this city for eight years.(x) I’ve been away from this city for eight years =I left this city eight years ago.) (√) 2．常见非延续性动词与延续性动词的对应 非延续性 延续性 buy have borrow keep open be open close be closed begin/start be on come/go be here/be there finish/end be over die be dead catch a cold have a cold marry be married get up be up wake up be awake fall asleep be asleep join be in/be a member of leave be away(from) arrive/reach be at/in 6、 现在完成时的三个常见易混结构：have been to，have gone to 和 have been in 难点 1．have been to 表示“曾经去过某地”，现在已不在该地。如： Have you been to Beijing before? 你以前去过北京吗？ 2．have gone to 则表示“已经去了某地”，现在还未回来。如： Jim has gone to London with his family. 吉姆已和他的家人去了伦敦。 3. have been in 表示“已在某地（待了多久）”。 如：The Greens have been in China for two years. 格林一家已在中国待了两年了。 被动语态 知识1 被动语态的构成 被动语态由“助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为系动词时完全一样。 时态 结构 例句 一般现在时的被动语态 am/is/are +done The classroom is cleaned every day.教室每天都会被打扫。 一般过去时的被动语态 was/were +done This bridge was built ten years ago.这座桥建于十年前。 一般将来时的被动语态 will be+done; am/is/are going to be+done A new school will be built next year.明年一所新的学校将会被建起来。 含有情态动词的被动语态 情态动词＋be +done 16-year-old teenagers shouldn’t be allowed to drive. 十六岁的青少年不应该被允许开车。 Something must be done about the present situation. 对于目前的情况，必须采取某种措施。 知识2 使用被动语态的几种情况 重点 1．不知道或没有必要指出动作的执行者。 This bicycle was made in China. 这辆自行车是在中国制造的。 2．需要强调动作的承受者。 Many trees should be planted every year. 每年都应该种很多树。 3．当动作的执行者是物时，多用被动语态。 The window was broken by the wind. 窗户被风吹坏了。 4．有些动词习惯上只用被动语态。 He was born in 1990．他出生于1990年。 注意 主动句中在感官动词（see，hear，watch，feel，notice等）及使役动词（make，have等）后跟省略to的不定式，变为被动句时，应加上不定式符号to。如： He made the girl stay at home.（变为被动语态） →The girl was made to stay at home by him. 考点综合练 一．时态 一.单句填空 1．[2024衡阳三模]The show’s slow pace and ordinary style __________（win） people’s hearts since it came out. [答案]have won [解析]考查现在完成时。句意：这个节目的慢节奏和普通风格自播出以来就赢得了人们的心。由since引导的时间状语从句可知，主句用现在完成时，主语是复数，故填have won。 2．[2024常德模拟改编]The boy asked how much the watermelons were per kg. John ______（shake） his head and had to go back to ask. [答案]shook [解析]考查一般过去时。此处表示约翰摇了摇头，并且需要回去询问。根据had to go back to ask可知这里是一般过去时，动词要用过去式，故填shook。 3．[2024 长沙雅礼一模]Many young dancers enjoy learning and sharing short dance videos on Douyin to document their growth. Inspired by this, Tongtong _________（learn） to upload dance videos on Douyin since last November. [答案]has learned/has learnt [解析]考查现在完成时。此处表示受此启发，从去年11月开始童童已经学会了在抖音上传舞蹈视频。根据时间状语“since last November”可知,此处应是现在完成时,故填has learned/has learnt。 4．[2024娄底二模]In 1994, she went on a vacation to the Bahamas and ____（fall） in love with both diving and the island. [答案]fell [解析]考查一般过去时。句意：1994年，她去巴哈马度假，爱上了潜水和这座岛屿。根据In 1994和went可知，此处时态为一般过去时，故填fell。 5．[2024长沙模拟]More than one billion people are __________（watch） the Spring Festival Gala. [答案]watching [解析]考查现在进行时。句意：有超过十亿人正在观看春节联欢晚会。根据空前的are可知，此句为现在进行时。故填watching。 6．[2024张家界模拟]The situation ________（be） even worse in a few years unless factories stop polluting the water. [答案]will be [解析]考查一般将来时。根据in a few years，可知是指几年后。时态是一般将来时，故填will be。 7．[2024衡阳模拟]Since ancient times, it __________（be） a great place for moon watchers during the Mid-Autumn Festival. [答案]has been [解析]考查现在完成时。句意：自古以来，中秋节时，它就是赏月者的好去处。根据Since ancient times可知，用现在完成时。主语为it，助动词用has。故填has been。 8．[2024长沙模拟]It means red or rosy clouds in English and ________（stand） for youth and strength（力量）. [答案]stands [解析]考查一般现在时。句意：它在英语中的意思是红色或玫瑰色的云彩，代表着青春和力量。根据“It means red or rosy clouds in English”可知，这里为一般现在时。主语It为单数，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。故填stands。 9．[2023常德]—Look! What are the boys doing? —They ______________（play） basketball. [答案]are playing [解析]考查现在进行时。问句为现在进行时，故答句也应该是现在进行时；答句主语为复数，故填are playing。 10．[2023永州]A journey of a thousand li ________（begin） with a single step. [答案]begins [解析]考查一般现在时。句意:千里之行，始于足下。这句话是客观事实，用一般现在时。故答案为begins。 11．[2023永州]Last week my sister ________（fail） her cooking exam because she burnt something. [答案]failed [解析]考查一般过去时。句意:上周我姐姐的烹饪考试不及格，因为她烧糊了东西。根据时间状语Last week可知，应用一般过去时。故答案为failed。 12．[2023邵阳改编]—Hello, this is Lily speaking. Could I speak to Mr. Liu? —Sorry, he ______________（go） Changsha. [答案]has gone to [解析]考查现在完成时。根据语境可知应用现在完成时;这里表示刘先生去了长沙还没有回来，故填has gone to。 13．[2023永州改编]My parents and I ________（visit） Yangmingshan Mountain last winter. [答案]visited [解析]考查一般过去时。句意:去年冬天，我的父母和我参观了阳明山。根据时间状语last winter可知，应用一般过去时。故答案为visited。 14．[2023怀化改编]Look! Our Chinese teacher ____________（give） a talk in the meeting room. [答案]is giving [解析]考查现在进行时。句意:看!我们的语文老师正在会议室做报告。 根据“Look!”可知,应用现在进行时,故填is giving。 15．[2023常德改编]He pulled so hard that the rope on the bucket ______（break） and he fell on his back. [答案]broke [解析]考查一般过去时。由空后的“and he fell”可知，此动作发生在过去，应用一般过去时，设空处应填动词的过去式。故填broke。 16．[2023株洲改编]When my friend called me yesterday, I ___________（help） my mom in the kitchen. [答案]was helping [解析]考查过去进行时。句意:我的朋友昨天给我打电话的时候，我正在厨房帮我妈妈。根据时间状语从句“When my friend called me yesterday”以及语境可知，主句应用过去进行时，故填was helping。 17．[2022常德]—Where were you at ten o’clock last Sunday? —I felt like hanging out with you, but I ________________（study） for a test at that time. [答案]was studying [解析]考查过去进行时。根据答句中的at that time及问句中的at ten o’clock last Sunday可知用过去进行时，故填was studying。 18．[2022常德]—Is Lisa there? —No, she isn’t. She __________（do） some reading at the library. [答案]is doing [解析]考查现在进行时。 根据对话可知这里表达的是说话时正在发生的事，用现在进行时，表示她现在正在图书馆看书，故填is doing。 19．[2022永州]Half a month ago, we ______（spend） the Dragon Boat Festival with our family together. [答案]spent [解析]考查一般过去时。根据Half a month ago可知是一般过去时，谓语动词要用过去式，故填spent。 20．[2022郴州改编]—The song Together for a Shared Future is very popular now. —That’s for sure! Both the young and the old ____（like） it. [答案]like [解析]考查一般现在时。句意:——《一起向未来》这首歌现在很受欢迎。——那是肯定的!年轻人和老年人都喜欢它。这里表示一般事实,应用一般现在时; 再根据Both the young and the old可知主语是复数,动词应用原形,故填like。 21．[2022邵阳改编]—Where’s Anna, dear? —She ____________（take） an online class in her room. [答案]is taking [解析]考查现在进行时。句意:——亲爱的,安娜在哪儿?——她正在她的房间里上网课。结合语境可知,这里表示说话时正在发生的动作,应用现在进行时,故填is taking。 22．[2022怀化改编]We ________________（see） each other since I came to Changsha, but we often send emails. [答案]haven’t seen [解析]考查现在完成时。根据时间状语从句“since I came to Changsha”可知,此处应是现在完成时；由“but we often send emails”可知，没有见到过彼此，故填haven’t seen。 23．[2022郴州改编]—Is your father at home, Jill? —No. He ____________（wash） his car outside. [答案]is washing [解析]考查现在进行时。此处指说话时吉尔的爸爸正在外面洗车,因此用现在进行时,故填is washing。 24．[2021益阳改编]—Jack, how do you like the new movie Hi, Mom directed（导演） by Jia Ling? —Well, it’s really a funny movie. I ________________（watch） it for three times. [答案]have watched [解析]考查现在完成时。根据for three times和语境可知应用现在完成时,表示“已经看了三次了”。故填have watched。 二.时态填空 A [2024湖南联考改编]Have you heard of the Chinese Poetry Conference? It is a kind of TV show held on CCTV. And if you have ever watched the show, you must know the man called Peng Min. Peng 1.  （be） interested in Chinese poetry ever since he was a little boy. The man usually 2.  （say） he can recite more than 1,000 Chinese poems. But his success at the Chinese Poetry Conference didn’t come easily. Peng has taken part in the show many times. During his previous（以前的） appearances, he 3.  （make ） many silly mistakes. He failed twice. But his love for poetry didn’t die. This year, he was back. “Even if I lose again, at least I’ve tried. But if I’m afraid of trying, I 4.  （be） more of a loser,” Peng said. Finally, he became the winner in the fifth season. [答案]1．has been2．says3．made4．will be [解析] 1．考查现在完成时。根据“ever since he was a little boy”可知，应用现在完成时;主语为Peng，助动词用has。故填has been。 2．考查一般现在时。根据空前的usually可知，此处表示他经常说，用一般现在时。故填says。 3．考查一般过去时。根据During his previous appearances可知，应用一般过去时，故填made。 4．考查一般将来时。含有if引导的条件状语从句的主从复合句遵循“主将从现”原则,主句用一般将来时。故填will be。 B Loni loved the town where she lived with her grandma. From their window,Loni and her grandma watched people walk and run along the busy street. At the crossing, a guide dog 5.  （help） its owner cross the street. “Grandma, I love living here. I hope our town will never change,” said Loni as she watched them walking. “We have a great town now, Loni,” smiled Grandma. “But did you know that in the past there were only farms here? It 6.  （look） very different when my great-grandmother（曾祖母）was a little girl.” Grandma showed Loni a picture of a young girl standing next to a barn（谷仓）. There were only dusty（布满灰尘的） roads in the town with a river flowing through, and people mainly 7.  （go） on a trip by boat, by horse or on foot. “Our town 8.  （change） a lot so far,” said Loni proudly. “I believe it 9.  （keep） growing and will become more and more attractive, just like me.” [答案]5．was helping6．looked7．went8．has changed9．will keep [解析] 5．根据语境及下文的“as she watched them walking”可知，此处表示一只导盲犬正在帮主人过马路，由全文主体时态为一般过去时可知，应用过去进行时。故填was helping。 6．由“when my great-grandmother was a little girl”可知，说的是过去的事，应为一般过去时。故填looked。 7．根据前一个分句“There were only dusty roads in the town with a river flowing through”及并列连词and可知, 此处应用一般过去时。故填went。 8．结合句中的so far以及前文对小镇现状的描述可知，此处应用现在完成时，故填has changed。 9．根据语境以及后文的and will become more and more attractive可知，此处应用一般将来时，故填will keep。 被动语态 一.单句填空 1．[2024株洲模拟改编]The dog Zern ______________（train） well before, so it’s easy for him to smell special smell. [答案]was trained [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：小狗泽恩之前受过良好的训练，所以它很容易闻到特殊的气味。动词train和主语The dog Zern为被动关系，此处应用被动语态；由before可知，时态是一般过去时。故填was trained。 2．[2024长沙联考]He started the “little teacher system” in which young students ____________________（encourage） to serve as teachers to others, even to those older than themselves. [答案]were encouraged [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：他开创了“小先生制”，鼓励年轻的学生担任其他人的老师，甚至是比他们年长的人的老师。句中young students和动词encourage为被动关系，应用被动语态；由started可知，时态为一般过去时，故填were encouraged。 3．[2024长沙雅礼一模改编]Tongtong is glad that nowadays her dance ____________（admire） by so many people online. [答案]is admired [解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:童童很高兴现在她的舞蹈在网上被这么多人欣赏。dance与admire之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态；由nowadays可知用一般现在时，主语dance是单数，be动词用is。故填is admired。 4．[2024湖南联考]Another said, “Now I __________（move） by the mother’s love for her son and his gratitude（感激） to his mother.” [答案]am moved [解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意：另一位说：“现在我被母亲对儿子的爱和他对母亲的感激所感动。”I和动词move为被动关系，应用被动语态；由Now可知时态为一般现在时，故填am moved。 5．[2024长沙模拟]In ancient times, the Chinese emperors loved dragons and their clothes ________________（cover） with pictures of dragons. [答案]were covered [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。句意：在古代，中国的皇帝都喜爱龙，他们的衣服上都覆盖着龙的图案。clothes与cover之间存在被动关系，应用被动语态；由In ancient times可知，用一般过去时，主语clothes是复数，be动词用were。故填were covered。 6．[2023常德]—Do you know the book Between a Rock and a Hard Place? —Yes, it ______________（write） by Aron Ralston. [答案]was written [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。it指代上文提到的书，与write构成被动关系，应用被动语态；写书的时间应在过去，时态为一般过去时；主语it为第三人称单数，故填was written。 7．[2023岳阳改编]The panda Ya Ya ______________（bring） back to China on April 27th, 2023. [答案]was brought [解析]考查一般过去时的被动语态。本句主语The panda Ya Ya与bring是被动关系,结合时间状语on April 27th, 2023可知,用一般过去时的被动语态。故填was brought。 8．[2023郴州改编]Many trees and flowers ______________（plant） every year to make our environment more beautiful. [答案]are planted [解析]考查一般现在时的被动语态。根据every year可知,时态为一般现在时,又因为主语Many trees and flowers和动词plant之间是被动关系,所以应该用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为复数，故填are planted。 9．[2023常德模拟]At home, students should ______________（educate） to look after themselves from a young age. [答案]be educated [解析]考查含有情态动词的被动语态。句意：在家里，学生应该从小接受教育，要自己照顾自己。主语students和动词educate之间是被动关系，空前是情态动词should，故填be educated。 10．[2022郴州改编]A new supermarket ________________（build） on Center Street next year. [答案]will be built [解析]考查一般将来时的被动语态。supermarket与build之间是被动关系,且时间状语是next year,所以用一般将来时的被动语态,故填will be built。 二.语态填空 A spacesuit is like a small space station. It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk. For example, China’s Feitian spacesuits have six layers（层）. Spacesuits 1.  （fill） with air, so they look like they’re puffed up（膨胀的）. The sixth layer is made of special fibers（纤维） that protect astronauts from radiation. Astronauts 2.  （connect） to the space station with safety ropes. The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate through. There is also a mirror on the wrist（手腕）. Astronauts can check their suits by looking at it. The first Feitian suit 3.  （make） in 2008. Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China’s first spacewalk for about 19 minutes. The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation（代） of Feitian. It can support walks as long as eight hours and can 4.  （use） more often. Each suit 5.  （cost） around 30 million yuan and it takes four months to make just one! [答案]1．are filled2．are connected3．was made4．be used5．costs [解析] 1．句意：宇航服充满了空气，所以它们看起来像是膨胀的。Spacesuits为复数且与fill为被动关系，应用被动语态，且此处描述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故填are filled。 2．此句描述一般事实，时态应用一般现在时。主语Astronauts为复数，与connect为被动关系，故填are connected。 3．2008年是过去的时间，The first Feitian suit与make为被动关系，故应用一般过去时的被动语态，由于主语为单数，be动词用was，故填was made。 4．句意：它可以支持长达八小时的（太空）漫步，并且能被更频繁地使用。can为情态动词，主语It指the second generation of Feitian，与use为被动关系，用被动语态，故填be used。 5．此处表示每套宇航服花费约三千万元，由下文的takes可知用一般现在时，故填costs。 三、从方框中选择合适的单词，并用其适当形式填空，每词限用一次。 stay plant read make use say drive bring jump speak 1．—Have you heard of the UN Chinese Language Day? —Of course. Chinese ____________ by more and more people around the world nowadays. 2．To make the environment much better, more trees ____________________ next year. 3．When Linda saw the bicycle, she ________ for joy because it was what she wanted. 4．—Has your cousin returned from the USA? —No. She ____________ there for another week. 5．Sorry, buddy. I ____________ at the moment. Can I call you back later? 6．My mind wasn't on what he ____________. So I'm afraid I have missed a lot. 7．This book must be great. My sister __________ it five times. 8．It is reported that the new technology ________________ widely in a short time. 9．The young man was ____ to do heavy work by the boss. 10．Sweet memories were ________ back when I saw these old things. [答案]1．is spoken2．will be planted3．jumped4．will stay5．am driving6．was saying7．has read8．will be used 9．Made10．brought 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！6 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$