精品解析：2025届湖南省岳阳市高三上学期教学质量监测（一）英语试题

岳阳市2025届高三教学质量监测（一） 英语 本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、考号和姓名填写在答题卡指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应的标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15 答案是C。 1. What will the man do next? A. Eat in the canteen. B. Study in the library. C. Look for his student card. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. Over the phone. 3. How does Tom sound? A. Nervous. B. Guilty. C. Annoyed. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 5. When are the speakers getting to the cinema? A. At 5:00 p. m. B. At 6:30 a.m. C. At 9:30 p.m. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A new electronic product. B. The harm of long screen time. C. The disadvantages of physical books. 7. Why does the woman want to buy the e-reader? A. It can protect her eyes. B. It has a long battery life. C. It is easy to carry around. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Colleagues. C. Customer and waitress. 9. What does Amy probably do? A. A designer. B. A salesperson. C. A chef. 10. How did the woman come here? A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man’s main target at present? A. To try new instruments. B. To gain some experience. C. To prepare a performance. 12. What is the woman’s favorite musical instrument now? A. The guitar. B. The violin. C. The piano. 13. Whom would the speakers turn to? A. Timmy’s uncle. B. Lily’s uncle. C. Their professor. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did Ivor do at the European Memory Championships? A. He broke two records. B. He introduced new memory techniques. C. He memorized 360 numbers in five minutes. 15. What made Ivor become interested in memory training? A. His major. B. A memory club. C. A competition. 16. What did Ivor think of memory training at first? A. Intense. B. Challenging. C. Practical. 17. What is the key to being a successful memory competitor? A. Having a high IQ. B. Doing formal training. C. Choosing the right technique. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When is the United Nations Chinese Language Day? A. On April 12th. B. On April 20th. C. On April 27th. 19. What did the participants share in the first Chinese Language Video Festival? A. Why they learn Chinese. B. When they learn Chinese. C. Where they learn Chinese. 20. Why is the Chinese character for “tea” mentioned? A. To explain Chinese is interesting. B. To prove Chinese is difficult to learn. C. To demonstrate imagination helps Chinese learning. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Playing social games is an excellent way to stay occupied during winter. Read on as we look at some of our favourite social games. Slots Millions of people developed a passion for slots during their young age, which often stays with them into adulthood. Operators offer hundreds of different titles to suit every budget level, making them a great way to spend your social time. Bingo Bingo was a main social activity for the working class in the UK after World War II and remains popular today. Land-based venues still host games regularly, although most players favor modern bingo sites where they can interact with others via attached chatrooms. It can also be played ‘live’ with friends and family at home, and even incorporate a winter theme. Poker While the Internet makes it easy to access poker games, we prefer organising a ‘poker night’ at home with friends and family. You can set up a game that costs just a few pounds. A single game with five or six players can take two or three hours, making it the perfect platform to build a social get-together. Upwords Players are required to build words using letter tiles on a gameboard. Letters can be piled on top of others already on the board to create new words. The higher the pile of letters, the more points are scored, which typically makes words built later in the game more valuable. 1. Which activity might recall memories of the childhood? A. Slots. B. Bingo. C. Poker. D. Upwords. 2. What do Bingo and Poker have in common? A. They both suit every budget level. B. They can be both played online and offline. C. They can both be combined with a winter theme. D. They both originated in the UK during World War II. 3. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To persuade people to stay occupied in winter. B. To introduce different creative types of winter sports. C. To recommend some popular social games for winter. D. To compare the differences between various social games. B “Do it now. Jump up on that box now,” Sabrina Reiswig, the coach yells. Tim Bannon, 14, born without arms, gives it a try. He comes up short trying to jump onto the 20-inch platform. “On the box,” Reiswig yells. “Do it again.” He misses again, but refuses to quit. This is NubAbility, an organization committed to instructing and motivating young amputee (被截肢者) athletes like Tim. The camp gets its inspiration from its coaches, who are also amputees. Coach Sabrina Reiswig, who has been an amputee since she was 8, shows no mercy to Tim at this moment. “He was pacing,” Reiswig said. “He was upset. He was kind of frustrated with himself.” Eventually, Tim sticks the landing. He falls into Reiswig’s arm and begins to cry. That moment has gained more than 4 million views on Twitter and more than 500,000 likes on Instagram. “ ‘Can’t’ is not allowed at our camp,” said founder and coach Sam Kuhnert, who was born without his left hand. Box jumps are typically performed by swinging both arms forward with strength toward the box. Without arms, Tim was essentially jumping without momentum, which is much more challenging. It’s also riskier, as he wouldn’t have been able to break a potential fall. “We have those arms to catch us, to keep our face from hitting,” Kuhnert said. “Of course, he has those coaches there to catch him if he needed to, but he’s essentially risking injury each time he attempts to jump up on that box.” Kuhnert says this resilience (复原力) represents the culture at NubAbility. “We’re not a support group,” he said. “We’re not a group that’s going to reach down a hand to help a kid up. We’re going to teach the kids what they need to pick themselves up.” 4. What is NubAbility aimed to do for young amputee athletes? A. Run camps for them to recover. B. Attract public attention to them. C. Provide emotional support for them. D. Train them to face challenges head-on. 5. What do we know about the coaches of NubAbility? A. They treat young amputee athletes badly. B They put great pressure on young amputee athletes. C. They are always ready to comfort young amputee athletes. D. They discourage negative self-talk among young amputee athletes. 6. What does the underlined word in paragraph 8 mean? A. Faith. B. Force. C. Courage. D. Balance. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Beyond Limits: The Inspiring Journey at NubAbility Camp. B. Embracing Challenges: The Impact of Adaptive Sports Training. C. Pursuing Excellence: The Challenging Journey of Amputee Coaches. D. No Excuses Allowed: The Hardship of Amputee Athletic Development. C Scientists have long known that plants react to their environment in all sorts of ways. For example, they grow toward sunlight and release chemicals to fight off insects that want to eat them. Not all scientists are comfortable calling those abilities “awareness,” a word many people use to describe only humans and animals. But for Gagliano, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Western Australia, it’s obvious. “Plants are responding to the environment and the information that the environment is providing them,” she says. “That’s awareness.” The challenge for scientists like her is to prove it. So Gagliano created an experiment. She attached potted mimosa (含羞草) plants to a metal rail and dropped them, letting them quickly slide down six inches. At first, all the mimosa plants closed their leaves when they fell. But once Gagliano had dropped them several times, they got used to it and started to keep their leaves open during the fall. Then Gagliano left the mimosa plants alone for almost a month. When she came back and dropped them again, they still didn’t close their leaves. Gagliano’s work showed mimosa plants could not only learn from past experiences, but they could also remember them for a long time. More recently, Gagliano gave pea plants a chance to shine. Plants make their food out of sunlight, so they grow toward light sources. Every time Gagliano shined a light source at her pea plants, she also pointed a fan at them. The breeze came from the same direction as the light. After three days of training, she took away the light source and just pointed a fan at the plants. Sure enough, most of the pea plants grew toward the breeze. They had learned to associate it with light. “That was pretty amazing. It shows a real choice, a real decision,” she says. Gagliano hopes her experiments will inspire other scientists to give plants more credit. “Humans have a tendency to look at our perspective as the only available one, and the only worthwhile one,” she says. Her experiments help reveal how much we humans have overlooked, just because we didn’t know how to see what plants were really up to. 8. Which of the following can be regarded as “awareness” of plants according to Gagliano? A. Plants eat insects for food. B. Plants’ leaves produce oxygen. C. Plants’ roots grow toward water source. D. Plants release chemicals to attract insects. 9. Why did Gagliano drop the mimosa plants several times in her first experiment? A. To help them to grow better. B. To test whether they have memories. C. To see if they can close their leaves. D. To create a challenging environment for them. 10. What can be concluded about pea plants from paragraph 3? A. They shine with sunlight. B. They are sensitive to changes. C. They grow towards breeze naturally. D. They respond to the environment well. 11. What does Gagliano mean in the last paragraph? A. Plant behaviors are too complex to understand. B. Plants should be treated like humans and animals. C. Plants may have more potential than humans thought. D Humans have a unique perspective in the study of plants. D Recently, researchers have used a machine-learning algorithm (算法) to recognize the seemingly mysterious facial expressions of laboratory mice. The work could have implications for locating neurons (神经元) in the human brain that encode particular expressions. Their study “is an important first step” in understanding some of the mysterious aspects of emotions and how they present in the brain, says neuroscientist David Anderson at the California Institute of Technology. Neuroscientist Nadine Gogolla, who led the study, took inspiration from a 2014 paper that Anderson wrote with his workmate Ralph Adolphs. In the study, they theorized ‘brain states’ such as emotions should exhibit particular characteristics — they should be persistent, for example, enduring for some time after the stimulus that aroused them has disappeared. And they should vary with the strength of the stimulus. Gogolla’s team fixed the heads of mice to keep them still, then provided different sensory stimuli intended to trigger particular emotions, and filmed the animals’ faces. They knew a mouse can change its expression by moving its ears, cheeks, nose and the upper parts of its eyes, but couldn’t reliably assign the expressions to particular emotions. So they broke down the videos of facial-muscle movements into ultra-short snapshots as the animals responded to the different stimuli. Machine-learning algorithms recognized distinct expressions, which correlated with the aroused emotional states, such as pleasure, disgust or fear. The facial expressions had the characteristics that Anderson and Adolphs had proposed. The scientists then searched for brain cells that might encode these emotions in the brain. Using optogenetics (光遗传学), they targeted individual neuronal circuits in mice that have been shown to trigger particular emotions in humans and other animals. When the authors directly stimulated these circuits, the mice assumed the relevant facial expressions. Finally, the team used a technique called two-photon calcium imaging to identify individual neurons in the mouse brain that fired only when particular emotions, and particular facial expressions, were aroused. “They may represent part of a coding for emotions in the brain,” says Gogolla. “We think encoding for emotion may be evolutionary conserved, and so the encoding in humans and mice may share some common features.” 12. What does the study focus on according to paragraph 1? A. Testing the machine-learning algorithm. B. Uncovering the secret of mice’s expressions. C. Encoding particular expressions of human beings. D. Identifying certain neurons related to expressions. 13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Giving examples of the study methods. B. Displaying details of the research process. C. Making reference to the study background. D. Listing characteristics of the research findings. 14. How did Gogolla’s team distinguish mice’s expressions? A. By using different sensory stimuli. B. By filming mice’s facial-muscle movements. C. By employing optogenetics targeting neuron circuits. D. By categorizing their pictures with machine-learning algorithm. 15. What might be the significance of the study according to the text? A. It decodes the process of emotional evolution. B. It offers insights into emotional encoding in human. C. It has fully revealed the mystery of mice’s emotions. D. It discovers the similarities between human and mice. 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness. Everyone said the path to happiness was success, so I searched for the most ideal job and beautiful apartment. ____16____. And I wasn’t alone; my friends — they struggled with this, too. Eventually, I decided to go to graduate school to study positive psychology and learn what truly makes people happy. What I discovered there is that what really makes people happy is having meaning in life. So this all made me wonder: How can we each live more meaningful? ____17____ Bringing it all together, I found that there are what I call three pillars (支柱) of a meaningful life. The first pillar is belonging. True belonging comes from love. For many people, belonging is the most important source of meaning, those bonds with family and friends. For others, the key to meaning is the second pillar: purpose. Now, finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding a job that makes you happy. The key to purpose is using your strength to serve others. Of course, for many of us, that happens through work. ____18____ The third pillar of meaning, I’ve found, tends to surprise people. That is storytelling, the story you tell yourself about yourself. Creating a narrative from the events of your life brings clearness. It helps you understand how you became you. ____19____. You can edit, interpret and retell your story, even as you’re constrained by the facts. ____20____. But when life is really good or when things are really bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to. A. Happiness lies in success B. Happiness comes and goes C. Your life isn’t just a list of events D. That’s how we contribute and feel needed E. But instead of ever feeling fulfilled, I felt anxious F. To find out, I interviewed hundreds of people and read thousands of books G. It is hard to find the answer to this question because I am totally confused about it 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a college student when a call came the night before an exam. My father had fallen into a coma (昏迷) a few weeks earlier and I was responsible for his ____21____ decision. After a few hours of restless sleep, I was hardly in a(n) ____22____ to take the exam. I told my professor what had happened and requested an alternative exam date, which was ____23____. This experience made me unwilling to be ___24___ about my struggles. When I soon had to make the ____25____ to take my father off life support, I told nobody. ___26___ that sadness I was able to make it through my studies and later became a professor. As a new teacher, I felt I needed to ____27____ a tough classroom persona (表面形象) to earn respect. Then, the pandemic hit. I was too tired to keep up the ____28____, and my students needed support. So, I ____29____ my story about my father’s illness and death. I told my students I knew they might be _____30_____ and that if they came to me needing help, I would understand. The _____31_____ was immediate and powerful. Students became unafraid to share their stories with me. I changed nothing about the way I _____32_____ course material, but student exam scores improved. Although I still _____33_____ them to learn, I cared about their well-being. _____34_____ your imperfections, connecting with students on a deeper level, and creating space for them - and you - to grow will always be challenging, but it is worth it. I cannot know everything that is going on in every student’s life, but I can always choose _____35_____. 21. A. financial B. mental C. medical D. physical 22. A. effort B. state C. gesture D. bid 23. A. denied B. accepted C. understood D. acknowledged 24. A. certain B. serious C. anxious D. honest 25. A. request B. effort C. decision D. attempt 26. A. With B. Despite C. For D. Against 27. A. copy B. drop C. reflect D. adopt 28. A. trend B. act C. pace D. flow 29. A. shared B. wrote C. made D. read 30. A. changing B. suffering C. trying D. pretending 31. A. response B. answer C. situation D. atmosphere 32. A. prepared B. addressed C. produced D. delivered 33. A. forced B. allowed C. pushed D. persuaded 34. A. Correcting B. Exposing C. Removing D. Embracing 35. A. passion B. ignorance C. acceptance D. empathy 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the invitation of the Chinese Consulate General in Lyon, a cultural delegation (代表团) from Xi’an recently ____36____ (participate) in the Lyon Consular (领事馆) Festival in December in France. The Consular Festival took place at the Place Bellecour in Lyon, ___37___ extraordinary must-see for artists around the globe. ____38____ (establish) in 1980, the Lyon Consular Festival is one of the largest celebratory events in Lyon. It aims to showcase the customs and cultures of various countries through their consular missions in Lyon and is held annually. The number of visitors has increased____39____ (dramatic) in recent years. During the event, some of Xi’an cultural heritage items, such as Qin Opera facial makeup, Xi’an paper cutting, and Guanzhong shadow puppetry ____40____ (present), which fascinated numerous Lyon residents ____41____ paused to admire and appreciate the cultural richness ____42____ display. Lyon residents and visitors were amazed at the delicacy of Qin Opera costumes up close ____43____ expressed awe at the skill of shadow puppetry, encouraging a deep interest in Xi’an’s historical and cultural heritage. Furthermore, the Xi’an delegation engaged in discussion with Xi’an’s friendly exchange city of Amiens in France, ____44____ (agree) to further strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the _____45_____ (field) of education, sports, culture and tourism, technology, and trade. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是正在英国留学的交换生李华，下周将在学校的中外诗歌交流会上分享中文诗歌。请你给外教Mr. Smith写封邮件，内容包括： （1）介绍你的分享； （2）征求意见。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith. Respectful greetings! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was on a tour of France with my friend Matt when our car pulled to a stop at the beach and we saw the Mediterranean Sea. Massive waves surged against large rocks that formed a waterproof jetty(防波堤). People said this beach was known for its dangerous currents. I was overcome with fear. Nothing scared me as much as water. Just the sight of the sea made me sick to my stomach. I’d always loved water and been a good swimmer until last summer, when I’d decided to climb up to the highest diving board at the pool. I’d hopped from that height and hit the water with an incredible impact and I blacked out. The next thing I knew, I was being pulled out of the pool. From then on, I was absolutely terrified of water. “Jason, are you coming?” my friend, Matt, called. Matt was also a good swimmer. As teenagers, we had attended the life saving class and swum a lot. “Yeah,” I said. “Just enjoying the view,” from dry land, I added silently, worried they might regard my fear pitiful if they knew. Suddenly I heard shouting in French. People were running into the sea, fully clothed. That’s odd, I thought. I glimpsed something moving up and down in the waves past the end of the jetty. That’s a little boy out there! The would-be rescuers fought against the tide, but with the water’s tow(拖拽), they’d never get to him in time. I soon realized the boy was close to the jetty! Maybe I could help from there. I raced down the beach, out onto the jetty, and it hit me: Water! My palms got sweaty and my stomach felt sick. I stopped short. The people in the water weren’t making any progress. I was the only one who saw that going out on the jetty was the fastest way to reach the drowning boy. But I was extremely terrified. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The boy was about 25 yards away from the jetty. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Jason, you can do it!” I heard Matt say on the jetty while I was desperate in the water. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 听力答案1-5CBCBA 6-10 ABAAC 11-15 BCACB 16-20 BCBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $ 岳阳市2025届高三教学质量监测（一） 英语 本试卷共12页，满分150分，考试用时120分钟。 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的学校、班级、考号和姓名填写在答题卡指定位置。 2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡对应的标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，只交答题卡。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. £19.15. B. £9.18. C. £9.15 答案是C。 1. What will the man do next? A. Eat in the canteen. B. Study in the library. C. Look for his student card. 2. Where does the conversation probably take place? A. In a shop. B. In a restaurant. C. Over the phone. 3. How does Tom sound? A. Nervous. B. Guilty. C. Annoyed. 4. What is the weather like now? A. Cloudy. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. 5. When are the speakers getting to the cinema? A. At 5:00 p. m. B. At 6:30 a.m. C. At 9:30 p.m. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. What is the conversation mainly about? A. A new electronic product. B. The harm of long screen time. C. The disadvantages of physical books. 7. Why does the woman want to buy the e-reader? A. It can protect her eyes. B. It has a long battery life. C. It is easy to carry around. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Strangers. B. Colleagues. C. Customer and waitress. 9. What does Amy probably do? A. A designer. B. A salesperson. C. A chef. 10. How did the woman come here? A. By bike. B. By car. C. On foot. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What is the man’s main target at present? A. To try new instruments. B. To gain some experience. C. To prepare a performance. 12. What is the woman’s favorite musical instrument now? A. The guitar. B. The violin. C. The piano. 13. Whom would the speakers turn to? A. Timmy’s uncle. B. Lily’s uncle. C. Their professor. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What did Ivor do at the European Memory Championships? A. He broke two records. B. He introduced new memory techniques. C. He memorized 360 numbers in five minutes. 15. What made Ivor become interested in memory training? A. His major. B. A memory club. C. A competition. 16. What did Ivor think of memory training at first? A. Intense. B. Challenging. C. Practical. 17. What is the key to being a successful memory competitor? A. Having a high IQ. B. Doing formal training. C. Choosing the right technique. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. When is the United Nations Chinese Language Day? A. On April 12th. B. On April 20th. C. On April 27th. 19. What did the participants share in the first Chinese Language Video Festival? A. Why they learn Chinese. B. When they learn Chinese. C. Where they learn Chinese. 20. Why is the Chinese character for “tea” mentioned? A. To explain Chinese is interesting. B. To prove Chinese is difficult to learn. C. To demonstrate imagination helps Chinese learning. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Playing social games is an excellent way to stay occupied during winter. Read on as we look at some of our favourite social games. Slots Millions of people developed a passion for slots during their young age, which often stays with them into adulthood. Operators offer hundreds of different titles to suit every budget level, making them a great way to spend your social time. Bingo Bingo was a main social activity for the working class in the UK after World War II and remains popular today. Land-based venues still host games regularly, although most players favor modern bingo sites where they can interact with others via attached chatrooms. It can also be played ‘live’ with friends and family at home, and even incorporate a winter theme. Poker While the Internet makes it easy to access poker games, we prefer organising a ‘poker night’ at home with friends and family. You can set up a game that costs just a few pounds. A single game with five or six players can take two or three hours, making it the perfect platform to build a social get-together. Upwords Players are required to build words using letter tiles on a gameboard. Letters can be piled on top of others already on the board to create new words. The higher the pile of letters, the more points are scored, which typically makes words built later in the game more valuable. 1. Which activity might recall memories of the childhood? A. Slots. B. Bingo. C. Poker. D. Upwords. 2. What do Bingo and Poker have in common? A. They both suit every budget level. B. They can be both played online and offline. C. They can both be combined with a winter theme. D. They both originated in the UK during World War II. 3. What is the main purpose of this passage? A. To persuade people to stay occupied in winter. B. To introduce different creative types of winter sports. C. To recommend some popular social games for winter. D. To compare the differences between various social games. 【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讨论了冬季时人们可以玩的几种社交游戏。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Slots中的“Millions of people developed a passion for slots during their young age, which often stays with them into adulthood. (数以百万计的人在年轻时就对老虎机产生了热情，这种热情往往会伴随他们到成年。)”可知很多人年轻时就开始喜欢老虎机（slots），所以老虎机可以唤起童年的记忆，故选A。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Bingo中的“Land-based venues still host games regularly, although most players favor modern bingo sites where they can interact with others via attached chatrooms. (陆上场地仍然定期举办游戏，尽管大多数玩家更喜欢现代的bingo游戏网站，在那里他们可以通过附加的聊天室与他人互动。)”和Poker中的“While the Internet makes it easy to access poker games, we prefer organising a ‘poker night’ at home with friends and family. (虽然互联网使人们很容易接触到poker游戏，但我们更喜欢在家里和朋友和家人一起组织一个“poker之夜”。)”可知两种游戏的共同点就是都可以网上玩或者是线下玩，故选B。 3题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Playing social games is an excellent way to stay occupied during winter. Read on as we look at some of our favourite social games. (玩社交游戏是冬季消遣的好方法。让我们来看看一些我们最喜欢的社交游戏。)”以及下文游戏的介绍可推断作者写作的目的就是推荐一些冬季流行的社交游戏。故选C。 B “Do it now. Jump up on that box now,” Sabrina Reiswig, the coach yells. Tim Bannon, 14, born without arms, gives it a try. He comes up short trying to jump onto the 20-inch platform. “On the box,” Reiswig yells. “Do it again.” He misses again, but refuses to quit. This is NubAbility, an organization committed to instructing and motivating young amputee (被截肢者) athletes like Tim. The camp gets its inspiration from its coaches, who are also amputees. Coach Sabrina Reiswig, who has been an amputee since she was 8, shows no mercy to Tim at this moment. “He was pacing,” Reiswig said. “He was upset. He was kind of frustrated with himself.” Eventually, Tim sticks the landing. He falls into Reiswig’s arm and begins to cry. That moment has gained more than 4 million views on Twitter and more than 500,000 likes on Instagram. “ ‘Can’t’ is not allowed at our camp,” said founder and coach Sam Kuhnert, who was born without his left hand. Box jumps are typically performed by swinging both arms forward with strength toward the box. Without arms, Tim was essentially jumping without momentum, which is much more challenging. It’s also riskier, as he wouldn’t have been able to break a potential fall. “We have those arms to catch us, to keep our face from hitting,” Kuhnert said. “Of course, he has those coaches there to catch him if he needed to, but he’s essentially risking injury each time he attempts to jump up on that box.” Kuhnert says this resilience (复原力) represents the culture at NubAbility. “We’re not a support group,” he said. “We’re not a group that’s going to reach down a hand to help a kid up. We’re going to teach the kids what they need to pick themselves up.” 4. What is NubAbility aimed to do for young amputee athletes? A. Run camps for them to recover. B. Attract public attention to them. C. Provide emotional support for them. D. Train them to face challenges head-on. 5. What do we know about the coaches of NubAbility? A. They treat young amputee athletes badly. B. They put great pressure on young amputee athletes. C. They are always ready to comfort young amputee athletes. D. They discourage negative self-talk among young amputee athletes. 6. What does the underlined word in paragraph 8 mean? A. Faith. B. Force. C. Courage. D. Balance. 7. Which of the following is a suitable title for the text? A. Beyond Limits: The Inspiring Journey at NubAbility Camp. B. Embracing Challenges: The Impact of Adaptive Sports Training. C. Pursuing Excellence: The Challenging Journey of Amputee Coaches. D. No Excuses Allowed: The Hardship of Amputee Athletic Development. 【答案】4. D 5. D 6. B 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了NubAbility组织训练年轻截肢运动员面对挑战的故事。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第五段中“This is NubAbility, an organization committed to instructing and motivating young amputee (被截肢者) athletes like Tim. (这里是NubAbility，一个致力于教导和激励像蒂姆这样的年轻截肢运动员的组织)”可知，NubAbility旨在为年轻截肢运动员提供面对挑战的训练。故选D。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第七段中“ “ ‘Can’t’ is not allowed at our camp,” said founder and coach Sam Kuhnert, who was born without his left hand.(“在我们的训练营里，不允许说‘不能’，”创始人兼教练Sam Kuhnert说，他天生没有左手)”可知，在这个组织里不允许说“不能”这样的消极话语。即NubAbility的教练们不鼓励年轻截肢运动员有消极的自我对话。故选D。 【6题详解】 词句猜测题。根据文章第八段中“Box jumps are typically performed by swinging both arms forward with strength toward the box. Without arms, Tim was essentially jumping without momentum, which is much more challenging. (跳箱运动通常是通过双臂用力向前摆动，朝向箱子跳跃来完成的。没有双臂，蒂姆基本上是在没有momentum的情况下跳跃，这更具挑战性)”可知，跳箱子通常是通过用力将双臂向前摆动来完成的，没有手臂，蒂姆基本上是在没有那种力量的情况下跳跃。所以momentum在这里指的是“力量”。与Force“力量”意思相符。故选B。 【7题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第五段中“This is NubAbility, an organization committed to instructing and motivating young amputee (被截肢者) athletes like Tim. (这里是NubAbility，一个致力于教导和激励像蒂姆这样的年轻截肢运动员的组织)”可知，文章主要讲述了NubAbility组织通过严格的训练帮助年轻截肢运动员面对挑战的故事，强调了他们的勇气和努力。A项“Beyond Limits: The Inspiring Journey at NubAbility Camp (超越极限：NubAbility训练营的鼓舞人心的旅程)”符合题意，是最合适的标题。故选A。 C Scientists have long known that plants react to their environment in all sorts of ways. For example, they grow toward sunlight and release chemicals to fight off insects that want to eat them. Not all scientists are comfortable calling those abilities “awareness,” a word many people use to describe only humans and animals. But for Gagliano, an evolutionary biologist at the University of Western Australia, it’s obvious. “Plants are responding to the environment and the information that the environment is providing them,” she says. “That’s awareness.” The challenge for scientists like her is to prove it. So Gagliano created an experiment. She attached potted mimosa (含羞草) plants to a metal rail and dropped them, letting them quickly slide down six inches. At first, all the mimosa plants closed their leaves when they fell. But once Gagliano had dropped them several times, they got used to it and started to keep their leaves open during the fall. Then Gagliano left the mimosa plants alone for almost a month. When she came back and dropped them again, they still didn’t close their leaves. Gagliano’s work showed mimosa plants could not only learn from past experiences, but they could also remember them for a long time. More recently, Gagliano gave pea plants a chance to shine. Plants make their food out of sunlight, so they grow toward light sources. Every time Gagliano shined a light source at her pea plants, she also pointed a fan at them. The breeze came from the same direction as the light. After three days of training, she took away the light source and just pointed a fan at the plants. Sure enough, most of the pea plants grew toward the breeze. They had learned to associate it with light. “That was pretty amazing. It shows a real choice, a real decision,” she says. Gagliano hopes her experiments will inspire other scientists to give plants more credit. “Humans have a tendency to look at our perspective as the only available one, and the only worthwhile one,” she says. Her experiments help reveal how much we humans have overlooked, just because we didn’t know how to see what plants were really up to. 8. Which of the following can be regarded as “awareness” of plants according to Gagliano? A. Plants eat insects for food. B. Plants’ leaves produce oxygen. C. Plants’ roots grow toward water source. D. Plants release chemicals to attract insects. 9. Why did Gagliano drop the mimosa plants several times in her first experiment? A. To help them to grow better. B. To test whether they have memories. C. To see if they can close their leaves. D. To create a challenging environment for them. 10. What can be concluded about pea plants from paragraph 3? A. They shine with sunlight. B. They are sensitive to changes. C. They grow towards breeze naturally. D. They respond to the environment well. 11. What does Gagliano mean in the last paragraph? A. Plant behaviors are too complex to understand. B. Plants should be treated like humans and animals. C. Plants may have more potential than humans thought. D. Humans have a unique perspective in the study of plants. 【答案】8. C 9. B 10. D 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了科学家Gagliano通过实验证明植物具有“意识”和反应能力。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中““Plants are responding to the environment and the information that the environment is providing them,” she says. “That’s awareness.” (“植物正在对环境以及环境提供给它们的信息作出反应，”她说，“这就是意识。”)”可知，Gagliano认为植物对环境及其提供的信息作出反应就是“意识”。因此，植物朝向水源生长可以被视为植物的“意识”。故选C。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第二段“The challenge for scientists like her is to prove it. So Gagliano created an experiment. She attached potted mimosa (含羞草) plants to a metal rail and dropped them, letting them quickly slide down six inches. At first, all the mimosa plants closed their leaves when they fell. But once Gagliano had dropped them several times, they got used to it and started to keep their leaves open during the fall. Then Gagliano left the mimosa plants alone for almost a month. When she came back and dropped them again, they still didn’t close their leaves. Gagliano’s work showed mimosa plants could not only learn from past experiences, but they could also remember them for a long time. (像她这样的科学家面临的挑战是如何证明这一点。于是，Gagliano设计了一个实验。她将盆栽的含羞草植物绑在金属轨道上，然后让它们迅速滑落六英寸。起初，当含羞草植物落下时，它们的叶子都会闭合。但Gagliano多次让它们落下后，它们就习惯了，在落下时开始保持叶子张开。然后，Gagliano让含羞草植物独自放置了近一个月。当她回来再次让它们落下时，它们的叶子仍然没有闭合。Gagliano的研究表明，含羞草植物不仅能够从过去的经历中学习，而且还能长时间记住这些经历)”可推知，Gagliano在第一次实验中多次让含羞草植物掉落是为了测试它们是否有记忆能力。故选B。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第三段中“After three days of training, she took away the light source and just pointed a fan at the plants. Sure enough, most of the pea plants grew toward the breeze. They had learned to associate it with light. (经过三天的训练后，她拿走了光源，只对着植物吹风扇。果然，大多数豌豆植物都朝着微风的方向生长。它们已经学会了将微风与光线联系起来)”可知，豌豆植物在经过训练后学会了将风与光联系起来，说明它们对环境有很好的反应能力。故选D。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Gagliano hopes her experiments will inspire other scientists to give plants more credit. “Humans have a tendency to look at our perspective as the only available one, and the only worthwhile one,” she says. Her experiments help reveal how much we humans have overlooked, just because we didn’t know how to see what plants were really up to. (Gagliano希望她的实验能激励其他科学家对植物给予更多的认可。“人类往往认为我们的视角是唯一可用的视角，也是唯一有价值的视角，”她说。她的实验有助于揭示我们人类因为不知道如何观察植物的真实行为而忽略了多少东西)”可知，Gagliano希望她的实验能够激励其他科学家更加重视植物，她的实验揭示了人类因为不知道如何观察而忽略了很多植物的潜能。因此，她认为植物可能比人类想象的有更多的潜能。故选C。 D Recently, researchers have used a machine-learning algorithm (算法) to recognize the seemingly mysterious facial expressions of laboratory mice. The work could have implications for locating neurons (神经元) in the human brain that encode particular expressions. Their study “is an important first step” in understanding some of the mysterious aspects of emotions and how they present in the brain, says neuroscientist David Anderson at the California Institute of Technology. Neuroscientist Nadine Gogolla, who led the study, took inspiration from a 2014 paper that Anderson wrote with his workmate Ralph Adolphs. In the study, they theorized ‘brain states’ such as emotions should exhibit particular characteristics — they should be persistent, for example, enduring for some time after the stimulus that aroused them has disappeared. And they should vary with the strength of the stimulus. Gogolla’s team fixed the heads of mice to keep them still, then provided different sensory stimuli intended to trigger particular emotions, and filmed the animals’ faces. They knew a mouse can change its expression by moving its ears, cheeks, nose and the upper parts of its eyes, but couldn’t reliably assign the expressions to particular emotions. So they broke down the videos of facial-muscle movements into ultra-short snapshots as the animals responded to the different stimuli. Machine-learning algorithms recognized distinct expressions, which correlated with the aroused emotional states, such as pleasure, disgust or fear. The facial expressions had the characteristics that Anderson and Adolphs had proposed. The scientists then searched for brain cells that might encode these emotions in the brain. Using optogenetics (光遗传学), they targeted individual neuronal circuits in mice that have been shown to trigger particular emotions in humans and other animals. When the authors directly stimulated these circuits, the mice assumed the relevant facial expressions. Finally, the team used a technique called two-photon calcium imaging to identify individual neurons in the mouse brain that fired only when particular emotions, and particular facial expressions, were aroused. “They may represent part of a coding for emotions in the brain,” says Gogolla. “We think encoding for emotion may be evolutionary conserved, and so the encoding in humans and mice may share some common features.” 12. What does the study focus on according to paragraph 1? A. Testing the machine-learning algorithm. B. Uncovering the secret of mice’s expressions. C. Encoding particular expressions of human beings. D. Identifying certain neurons related to expressions. 13. What is paragraph 2 mainly about? A. Giving examples of the study methods. B. Displaying details of the research process. C. Making reference to the study background. D. Listing characteristics of the research findings. 14. How did Gogolla’s team distinguish mice’s expressions? A. By using different sensory stimuli. B. By filming mice’s facial-muscle movements. C. By employing optogenetics targeting neuron circuits. D. By categorizing their pictures with machine-learning algorithm. 15. What might be the significance of the study according to the text? A. It decodes the process of emotional evolution. B. It offers insights into emotional encoding in human. C. It has fully revealed the mystery of mice’s emotions. D. It discovers the similarities between human and mice. 【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了研究人员利用机器学习算法识别实验室老鼠面部表情的一项研究，解释了研究开展的经过以及研究的意义。 12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Recently, researchers have used a machine-learning algorithm (算法) to recognize the seemingly mysterious facial expressions of laboratory mice.(最近，研究人员使用一种机器学习算法来识别实验室老鼠看似神秘的面部表情)”可知，研究的重点是揭示老鼠表情的秘密。故选B。 【13题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第二段“Neuroscientist Nadine Gogolla, who led the study, took inspiration from a 2014 paper that Anderson wrote with his workmate Ralph Adolphs. In the study, they theorized ‘brain states’ such as emotions should exhibit particular characteristics — they should be persistent, for example, enduring for some time after the stimulus that aroused them has disappeared. And they should vary with the strength of the stimulus.(领导这项研究的神经科学家纳丁·戈戈拉从安德森与同事拉尔夫·阿道夫于2014年撰写的一篇论文中获得了灵感。在这项研究中，他们将情绪等‘大脑状态’理论化，认为它们应该表现出特定的特征——例如，它们应该是持续的，在引起它们的刺激消失后还能持续一段时间。而且它们应该随着刺激力度的不同而变化)”可知，第二段的主要是谈及研究背景。故选C。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“So they broke down the videos of facial-muscle movements into ultra-short snapshots as the animals responded to the different stimuli. Machine-learning algorithms recognized distinct expressions, which correlated with the aroused emotional states, such as pleasure, disgust or fear. The facial expressions had the characteristics that Anderson and Adolphs had proposed.(因此，他们将动物对不同刺激的面部肌肉运动视频分解成超短的快照。机器学习算法识别出不同的表情，这些表情与被唤起的情绪状态相关，比如快乐、厌恶或恐惧。)”可知，Gogolla的团队通过机器学习算法对图片进行分类来区分老鼠的表情。故选D。 【15题详解】 逻辑推理题。根据倒数第二段中“The scientists then searched for brain cells that might encode these emotions in the brain. Using optogenetics (光遗传学), they targeted individual neuronal circuits in mice that have been shown to trigger particular emotions in humans and other animals. (然后，科学家们寻找可能在大脑中编码这些情绪的脑细胞。利用光遗传学技术，他们瞄准了老鼠的单个神经回路，这些神经回路已被证明会引发人类和其他动物的特定情绪。)”以及最后一段“the team used a technique called two-photon calcium imaging to identify individual neurons in the mouse brain that fired only when particular emotions, and particular facial expressions, were aroused. “They may represent part of a coding for emotions in the brain,” says Gogolla. “We think encoding for emotion may be evolutionary conserved, and so the encoding in humans and mice may share some common features.”(研究小组使用了一种叫做双光子钙成像的技术来识别老鼠大脑中的单个神经元，这些神经元只有在特定的情绪和特定的面部表情被激发时才会被激活。‘它们可能代表了大脑中情绪编码的一部分，’Gogolla说：‘我们认为情绪编码可能是进化保守的，因此人类和老鼠的编码可能有一些共同的特征。’)”可知，人类和老鼠的编码可能有一些共同的特征，而科学家们运用不同的技术来寻找可能在大脑中编码不同情绪的脑细胞，他们所瞄准的单个神经回路已被证明会引发人类和其他动物的特定情绪，识别只有在特定的情绪和特定的面部表情被激发时才会被激活的单个神经元；由此可知，这项研究的意义是它提供了对人类情感编码的深入了解。故选B。 第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness. Everyone said the path to happiness was success, so I searched for the most ideal job and beautiful apartment. ____16____. And I wasn’t alone; my friends — they struggled with this, too. Eventually, I decided to go to graduate school to study positive psychology and learn what truly makes people happy. What I discovered there is that what really makes people happy is having meaning in life. So this all made me wonder: How can we each live more meaningful? ____17____ Bringing it all together, I found that there are what I call three pillars (支柱) of a meaningful life. The first pillar is belonging. True belonging comes from love. For many people, belonging is the most important source of meaning, those bonds with family and friends. For others, the key to meaning is the second pillar: purpose. Now, finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding a job that makes you happy. The key to purpose is using your strength to serve others. Of course, for many of us, that happens through work. ____18____ The third pillar of meaning, I’ve found, tends to surprise people. That is storytelling, the story you tell yourself about yourself. Creating a narrative from the events of your life brings clearness. It helps you understand how you became you. ____19____. You can edit, interpret and retell your story, even as you’re constrained by the facts. ____20____. But when life is really good or when things are really bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to. A. Happiness lies in success B. Happiness comes and goes C. Your life isn’t just a list of events D. That’s how we contribute and feel needed E. But instead of ever feeling fulfilled, I felt anxious F. To find out, I interviewed hundreds of people and read thousands of books G. It is hard to find the answer to this question because I am totally confused about it 【答案】16. E 17. F 18. D 19. C 20. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讲述了作者对于幸福和有意义生活的探索，最终发现真正让人快乐的是生活中的意义，并提出了有意义生活的三个支柱。 【16题详解】 由上文“I used to think the whole purpose of life was pursuing happiness. Everyone said the path to happiness was success, so I searched for the most ideal job and beautiful apartment.(我曾经认为生活的全部目的就是追求幸福。每个人都说通往幸福的道路是成功，所以我寻找了最理想的工作和漂亮的公寓。)”及下文“And I wasn’t alone; my friends - they struggled with this, too. Eventually, I decided to go to graduate school to study positive psychology and learn what truly makes people happy. What I discovered there is that what really makes people happy is having meaning in life. (我并不孤单；我的朋友们——他们也在为此挣扎。最终，我决定去研究生院学习积极心理学，学习真正让人快乐的东西。我发现，真正让人快乐的是生活中的意义。)”可知，上文提到作者曾经认为生活的目的是追求幸福，并努力去实现，下文描述学习真正让人快乐的东西，空处应承接上文说明不幸福这一结果，E选项“But instead of ever feeling fulfilled, I felt anxious(但我非但没有感到满足，反而感到焦虑)”说明作者虽然努力去追求幸福，但是结果并不如意，反而感到焦虑，于是下文开始探索有意义的生活是什么样的。故选E。 【17题详解】 由上文“So this all made me wonder: How can we each live more meaningful?(所以这让我很好奇：我们怎样才能活得更有意义呢？)”可知，上文提出“我们怎样才能活得更有意义呢？”这一问题，空处为本段尾句，说明作者为了解答这一问题而采取的行动，F选项“To find out, I interviewed hundreds of people and read thousands of books (为了找出答案，我采访了数百人，阅读了数千本书)”符合题意，说明作者通过采访和阅读书籍来寻找答案。故选F。 【18题详解】 由上文“Now, finding your purpose is not the same thing as finding a job that makes you happy. The key to purpose is using your strength to serve others. Of course, for many of us, that happens through work.(现在，找到你的目标并不等同于找到一份让你快乐的工作。目标的关键是利用你的力量为他人服务。当然，对我们许多人来说，这是通过工作实现的。)”可知，上文提到工作对很多人来说是通过工作实现利用自己的力量为他人服务这一目的，空处应承接上文继续说明工作的意义，D选项“That’s how we contribute and feel needed (这就是我们如何做出贡献并感受到被需要)”承接上文，指出人们通过工作来做出贡献并感受到被需要，符合题意。故选D。 【19题详解】 由上文“The third pillar of meaning, I’ve found, tends to surprise people. That is storytelling, the story you tell yourself about yourself. Creating a narrative from the events of your life brings clearness. It helps you understand how you became you. (我发现，意义的第三大支柱往往会让人惊讶。那就是讲故事，即你讲给自己的关于自己的故事。从生活中的事件中构建一个叙事，能让你变得清晰明了。它有助于你理解自己是如何成为现在的自己的。)”可知，上文提到叙事有助于理解自我，空处应承接上文继续说明生活事件和故事之间的关系，且强调生活不只是一系列事件，而是可以被赋予意义的故事。C选项“Your life isn’t just a list of events(你的生活不仅仅是一系列事件)”能承接上文，符合题意。故选C。 【20题详解】 由下文“But when life is really good or when things are really bad, having meaning gives you something to hold on to. (但是，当生活真的很好或者事情真的很糟糕的时候，拥有意义会给你一些坚持下去的东西。)”可知，这里有一个转折关系，且在说幸福和意义的对比，所以本空应该是说幸福的特点，B选项“Happiness comes and goes (幸福来去匆匆)”符合题意，与下文构成转折，说明通常情况下幸福来去匆匆，但是在生活很好或很糟糕时，拥有意义能让我们坚持下去。故选B。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的Ａ、Ｂ、Ｃ、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 I was a college student when a call came the night before an exam. My father had fallen into a coma (昏迷) a few weeks earlier and I was responsible for his ____21____ decision. After a few hours of restless sleep, I was hardly in a(n) ____22____ to take the exam. I told my professor what had happened and requested an alternative exam date, which was ____23____. This experience made me unwilling to be ___24___ about my struggles. When I soon had to make the ____25____ to take my father off life support, I told nobody. ___26___ that sadness, I was able to make it through my studies and later became a professor. As a new teacher, I felt I needed to ____27____ a tough classroom persona (表面形象) to earn respect. Then, the pandemic hit. I was too tired to keep up the ____28____, and my students needed support. So, I ____29____ my story about my father’s illness and death. I told my students I knew they might be _____30_____ and that if they came to me needing help, I would understand. The _____31_____ was immediate and powerful. Students became unafraid to share their stories with me. I changed nothing about the way I _____32_____ course material, but student exam scores improved. Although I still _____33_____ them to learn, I cared about their well-being. _____34_____ your imperfections, connecting with students on a deeper level, and creating space for them - and you - to grow will always be challenging, but it is worth it. I cannot know everything that is going on in every student’s life, but I can always choose _____35_____. 21. A. financial B. mental C. medical D. physical 22. A. effort B. state C. gesture D. bid 23. A. denied B. accepted C. understood D. acknowledged 24. A. certain B. serious C. anxious D. honest 25. A. request B. effort C. decision D. attempt 26. A. With B. Despite C. For D. Against 27. A. copy B. drop C. reflect D. adopt 28. A. trend B. act C. pace D. flow 29. A. shared B. wrote C. made D. read 30 A. changing B. suffering C. trying D. pretending 31. A. response B. answer C. situation D. atmosphere 32. A. prepared B. addressed C. produced D. delivered 33. A. forced B. allowed C. pushed D. persuaded 34. A. Correcting B. Exposing C. Removing D. Embracing 35. A. passion B. ignorance C. acceptance D. empathy 【答案】21. C 22. B 23. A 24. D 25. C 26. B 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. B 35. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者面对父亲病重时的心路历程与教学方式的转变。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几周前，我父亲陷入了昏迷，我负责他的医疗决定。A. financial财务的；B. mental心理的；C. medical医疗的；D. physical身体的。根据上文“My father had fallen into a coma”以及后文“decision”可知，父亲陷入了昏迷，此处指作者负责父亲昏迷后的医疗决定。故选C。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过几个小时的不安睡眠后，我几乎没有状态参加考试。A. effort努力；B. state状态；C. gesture手势；D. bid努力。根据上文“After a few hours of restless sleep”和后文“to take the exam”可知，作者经过几个小时的不安睡眠，几乎没有状态去考试。故选B。 【23题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉教授发生了什么，并请求另选考试日期，这一请求被接受了。A. denied拒绝；B. accepted接受；C. understood理解；D. acknowledged承认。根据后文“This experience made me unwilling to be ____ about my struggles.”可知，这次经历让作者不愿意对自己的挣扎遮遮掩掩，可知请求“被拒绝”了。故选A。 【24题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次经历让我变得不愿意坦诚面对自己的困难。A. certain确定的；B. serious严肃的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. honest坦诚的，坦率的。根据上文“I told my professor what had happened and requested an alternative exam date”和后文“about my struggles”可知，作者不想坦诚自己的挣扎。故选D。 【25题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我不得不做出拔掉父亲生命维持装置的决定时，我没有告诉任何人。A. request请求；B. effort努力；C. decision决定；D. attempt尝试。根据后文“to take my father off life support”可知，此处指作者不得不做出拔掉父亲生命维持装置的决定。make the decision“做出决定”。故选C。 【26题详解】 考查介词词义辨析。句意：尽管很伤心，但我还是能够完成学业，后来成为了一名教授。A. With和；B. Despite尽管；C. For因为；D. Against反对。根据后文“that sadness, I was able to make it through my studies and later became a professor”可知，逗号前后为让步关系，表示尽管作者很伤心，但还是完成了学业，成为了一名教授。故选B。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：作为一名新老师，我觉得我需要采用一个严厉的课堂形象来获得尊重。A. copy复制；B. drop掉落；C. reflect反映；D. adopt采用。根据后文“a tough classroom persona”可知，此处指作者觉得需要采用一个严厉的课堂形象来获得尊重。故选D。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我太累了，无法再维持这种伪装，而且我的学生们需要支持。A. trend趋势；B. act行为，伪装；C. pace步伐；D. flow流动。根据上文“As a new teacher, I felt I needed to ____ a tough classroom persona (表面形象) to earn respect.”可知，上文提到塑造严厉形象，这里指无法维持这种“伪装”。故选 B。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以我分享了我父亲生病和去世的故事。A. shared分享；B. wrote写；C. made制作；D. read阅读。根据后文“my story about my father’s illness and death”可知，此处指作者向学生分享了自己父亲生病和去世的故事。故选A。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我告诉我的学生，我知道他们可能正在受苦，如果他们来找我寻求帮助，我会理解的。A. changing改变；B. suffering受苦；C. trying尝试；D. pretending假装。根据后文“and that if they came to me needing help”可知，作者知道学生们可能正在受苦，所以后文作者才会说“如果他们来找我寻求帮助，我会理解的”。故选B。 【31题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：反应是立即的，也是强烈的。A. response反应；B. answer回答；C. situation情况；D. atmosphere气氛。根据后文“Students became unafraid to share their stories with me”可知，学生们不再害怕与作者分享他们的故事，所以学生们的反应是立即的，也是强烈的。故选A。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我授课的方式没有改变，但学生的考试成绩提高了。A. prepared准备；B. addressed解决；C. produced生产；D. delivered授课。根据后文“course material”可知，此处指作者授课的方式没有改变。deliver course material“授课”。故选D。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我仍然敦促他们学习，但我也关心他们的幸福。A. forced强迫；B. allowed允许；C. pushed敦促；D. persuaded说服。根据后文“them to learn”可知，此处指作者仍然敦促学生学习。push sb. to do sth.“敦促某人做某事”。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：暴露你的不完美，在更深层次上与学生建立联系，并为他们和你自己的成长创造空间，这将始终是一个挑战，但它是值得的。A. Correcting纠正；B. Exposing暴露；C. Removing移除；D. Embracing拥抱。根据前文“ I ____ my story about my father’s illness and death”和后文“your imperfections”可知，此处指暴露自己的不完美。故选B。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我不可能知道每个学生生活中发生的所有事情，但我总是可以选择共情。A. passion激情；B. ignorance无知；C. acceptance接受；D. empathy共情。根据前文“if they came to me needing help, I would understand”、“I cannot know everything that is going on in every student’s life, but I can always choose”可知，作者分享自己经历理解学生，可知这里是选择“共情”。故选D。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 At the invitation of the Chinese Consulate General in Lyon, a cultural delegation (代表团) from Xi’an recently ____36____ (participate) in the Lyon Consular (领事馆) Festival in December in France. The Consular Festival took place at the Place Bellecour in Lyon, ___37___ extraordinary must-see for artists around the globe. ____38____ (establish) in 1980, the Lyon Consular Festival is one of the largest celebratory events in Lyon. It aims to showcase the customs and cultures of various countries through their consular missions in Lyon and is held annually. The number of visitors has increased____39____ (dramatic) in recent years. During the event, some of Xi’an cultural heritage items, such as Qin Opera facial makeup, Xi’an paper cutting, and Guanzhong shadow puppetry ____40____ (present), which fascinated numerous Lyon residents ____41____ paused to admire and appreciate the cultural richness ____42____ display. Lyon residents and visitors were amazed at the delicacy of Qin Opera costumes up close ____43____ expressed awe at the skill of shadow puppetry, encouraging a deep interest in Xi’an’s historical and cultural heritage. Furthermore, the Xi’an delegation engaged in discussion with Xi’an’s friendly exchange city of Amiens in France, ____44____ (agree) to further strengthen exchanges and cooperation in the _____45_____ (field) of education, sports, culture and tourism, technology, and trade. 【答案】36. participated 37. an 38. Established 39. dramatically 40. were presented 41. who##that 42. on 43. and 44. agreeing 45. fields 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。主要说明了近日，应中国驻里昂总领事馆邀请，西安文化代表团参加了12月在法国里昂举行的领事节活动。领事节在里昂的贝勒库尔广场举行，这是全球艺术家必去的地方。 【36题详解】 考查时态。句意：近日，应中国驻里昂总领事馆邀请，西安文化代表团参加了12月在法国里昂举行的领事节活动。作谓语，根据 in December可知发生在过去用一般过去时。故填participated。 【37题详解】 考查冠词。句意：领事节在里昂的贝勒库尔广场举行，这是全球艺术家必去的地方。must-see为泛指，且空后extraordinary是发音以元音音素开头的单词。故填an。 【38题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：里昂领事节成立于1980年，是里昂最大庆祝活动之一。为非谓语动词，句子主语the Lyon Consular Festival与establish为逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词形式，首字母大写。故填Established。 【39题详解】 考查副词。句意：近年来，游客的数量急剧增加。修饰动词increase用副词dramatically，故填dramatically。 【40题详解】 考查时态语态。句意：在活动期间，西安的一些文化遗产项目，如秦剧脸谱，西安剪纸，关中皮影戏，吸引了许多里昂市民驻足欣赏和欣赏展示的文化内涵。作谓语，主语items与谓语动词present构成被动关系，且发生在过去用一般过去时的被动语态，谓语用复数。故填were presented。 【41题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：在活动期间，西安的一些文化遗产项目，如秦剧脸谱，西安剪纸，关中皮影戏，吸引了许多里昂市民驻足欣赏和欣赏展示的文化内涵。定语从句修饰先行词residents，在从句作主语，指人，故填who/that。 【42题详解】 考查介词。句意：在活动期间，西安的一些文化遗产项目，如秦剧脸谱，西安剪纸，关中皮影戏，吸引了许多里昂市民驻足欣赏和欣赏展示的文化内涵。短语on display表示“展示中”。故填on。 【43题详解】 考查连词。句意：里昂的居民和游客近距离惊叹于精致的秦剧服装，对皮影戏的技巧表示敬畏，鼓励人们对西安的历史文化遗产产生浓厚的兴趣。结合前后文语境可知were amazed at与expressed并列作谓语，应用连词and。故填and。 【44题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：此外，西安代表团还与西安友好交流城市法国亚眠市进行了座谈，同意进一步加强双方在教育、体育、文化旅游、科技、贸易等领域的交流与合作。此处the Xi’an delegation与agree为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语，故填agreeing。 【45题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：此外，西安代表团还与西安友好交流城市法国亚眠市进行了座谈，同意进一步加强双方在教育、体育、文化旅游、科技、贸易等领域的交流与合作。根据后文education, sports, culture and tourism, technology, and trade可知field用复数形式。故填fields。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节（满分15分） 46. 假定你是正在英国留学的交换生李华，下周将在学校的中外诗歌交流会上分享中文诗歌。请你给外教Mr. Smith写封邮件，内容包括： （1）介绍你的分享； （2）征求意见。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80左右； （2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Dear Mr. Smith. Respectful greetings! ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Smith, Respectful greetings! I am Li Hua, an exchange student from China. I am writing to ask for your precious guidance on the upcoming poetry exchange meeting where I would share a Chinese poem. I chose “Quiet Night Thoughts” by Li Bai, a poet whose work I admire for its vivid imagination and free employment of language. This poem displays his feelings of homesickness and the beauty of a quiet night. I believe it will offer the audience a deep insight into the richness of Chinese literature and culture. However, I am eager to hear your advice on how to clearly convey the poem’s spirit and its cultural significance. Your suggestions would be helpful in making my presentation more impactful. Thank you for your time and guidance. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。考生下周将在学校的中外诗歌交流会上分享中文诗歌，要求考生按照要求你给外教Mr. Smith写封邮件。 【详解】1.词汇积累 宝贵的：precious → prized 指导：guidance → instruction 即将到来的：upcoming → coming 生动的：vivid → graphic 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I am Li Hua, an exchange student from China. 拓展句：I am Li Hua, who is an exchange student from China. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am writing to ask for your precious guidance on the upcoming poetry exchange meeting where I would share a Chinese poem.（运运用了where引导的限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】I chose “Quiet Night Thoughts” by Li Bai, a poet whose work I admire for its vivid imagination and free employment of language. （运用了whose引导的限制性定语从句） 第二节（满分25分） 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 I was on a tour of France with my friend Matt when our car pulled to a stop at the beach and we saw the Mediterranean Sea. Massive waves surged against large rocks that formed a waterproof jetty(防波堤). People said this beach was known for its dangerous currents. I was overcome with fear. Nothing scared me as much as water. Just the sight of the sea made me sick to my stomach. I’d always loved water and been a good swimmer until last summer, when I’d decided to climb up to the highest diving board at the pool. I’d hopped from that height and hit the water with an incredible impact and I blacked out. The next thing I knew, I was being pulled out of the pool. From then on, I was absolutely terrified of water. “Jason, are you coming?” my friend, Matt, called. Matt was also a good swimmer. As teenagers, we had attended the life saving class and swum a lot. “Yeah” I said. “Just enjoying the view,” from dry land, I added silently, worried they might regard my fear pitiful if they knew. Suddenly I heard shouting in French. People were running into the sea, fully clothed. That’s odd, I thought. I glimpsed something moving up and down in the waves, past the end of the jetty. That’s a little boy out there! The would-be rescuers fought against the tide, but with the water’s tow(拖拽), they’d never get to him in time. I soon realized the boy was close to the jetty! Maybe I could help from there. I raced down the beach, out onto the jetty, and it hit me: Water! My palms got sweaty and my stomach felt sick. I stopped short. The people in the water weren’t making any progress. I was the only one who saw that going out on the jetty was the fastest way to reach the drowning boy. But I was extremely terrified. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右; (2)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 The boy was about 25 yards away from the jetty. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ “Jason, you can do it!” I heard Matt say on the jetty while I was desperate in the water. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Possible version: The boy was about 25 yards away from the jetty. As I stood at the edge of the Jetty, my heart pounding in my chest like a drum. There’s no time for me to think about more. Sucking in a deep breath, I threw myself into the water. As soon as I jumped in, I felt like I was back in that pool, breathless, struggling, terrified. I tried to focus, but fighting the force of the water wasn’t easy. At some point, I even felt like I wouldn’t make it. I could feel my muscles burning. “Jason, you can do it!” I heard Matt say on the jetty while I was desperate in the water. Feeling a new sense of determination welling up inside me, I pushed myself harder and finally I reached the boy. I swam with all my strength and fought to get us back to land. Matt jumped into the water. I felt strong arms lift me. And, as we made our way to safety I realized something incredible: I was no longer afraid. I turned my head and saw the boy was hugged tightly by his mother. I looked out to the sea. Weary as I was, the water had never looked so beautiful. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，本文讲述了主人公Jason在法国旅游时，目睹一个小男孩在海中溺水，尽管自己对水有恐惧，但最终克服恐惧，成功救起小男孩的故事。 【详解】1.段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“那个男孩离防波堤大约25码远。”可知，第一段描述Jason克服恐惧，跳入水中救援小男孩的过程 ②由第二段首句内容“Jason，你能做到的！”可知，第二段可描写第二段描述在Matt的帮助下下，Jason成功将小男孩救上岸，并感受到战胜恐惧后的成就感。 2.续写线索：跳进水里—害怕水—抓住孩子奋力向岸边游去—Matt的帮助—成就感—不怕水 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①（心脏）剧烈地跳动：pound/beat ②集中：focus/concentrate ③拥抱：hug/embrace ④举起：lift/ hold up 情绪类 ①害怕的：afraid/frightened ②疲惫的：weary/exhausted 【点睛】[高分句型1] As soon as I jumped in, I felt like I was back in that pool, breathless, struggling, terrified. (运用了as soon as引导的时间状语从句) [高分句型2] Weary as I was, the water had never looked so beautiful. (运用了as引导的部分倒装句) 听力答案1-5CBCBA 6-10 ABAAC 11-15 BCACB 16-20 BCBAC 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $