Unit1 Cultural Heritage Discovering Useful Structures 课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）必修第二册

定 语 从 句 定语从句💡 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 关系代词 关系副词 指人 指物 时间 原因 地点 who, that, as who, that, as, whom whose 主语 定语 宾语 which, that, as which, that, as whose 主语 定语 宾语 状语 状语 状语 when where why 不用that,why as, which可以指代一整句话 复习： 关系代词引导的定语从句 指代 主语 宾语 定语 人 that who whom whose 物 that which whose √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ √ 可省 关系副词 作成分 同义 when where why 时间状语 地点状语 原因状语 介词in/on/at/during..+which 介词in/on/at/over/under..+which 介词for+which 复习： 关系副词引导的定语从句 He (_________)does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man. 不到长城非好汉。 This is the famous scientist (_____________) we visited last week. 这就是我们上周拜访的那位著名科学家。 关系代词 1.关系代词的用法之 who\whom who whom 先行词是人---在从句中充当主\宾 先行词是人---在从句中充当宾 who who\whom Summary that which 先行词是人\物---在从句中充当主\宾 先行词是物---在从句中充当主\宾 关系代词 He finally worked out the problem ______________ puzzled him for a long time. 他最后解出了这个令他困惑很久的问题。 The fish (______________) we bought yesterday were not fresh. 我们昨天买的鱼不新鲜。 that\which that\which 2.关系代词的用法之 that\which whose as 先行词是人\物---在从句中定语 修饰句子-正如 关系代词 3. 关系代词的用法之 whose\as They rushed over to help the man ____________ car broke down. 他们跑过去帮助那个汽车抛锚的人。 There is a mountain ______________ top is always covered with snow 有一座山顶常年被雪覆盖的山 __________ everyone knows, China is a beautiful country with a long history. 正如每个人都知道，中国是一个有着悠久历史的美丽国家。 whose whose As 先行词 关系词 在从句中的成分 表时间 when=on/in/at which 状语 表地点 where=in/at which 状语 表原因 why=for which 状语 4. 关系副词 when、where、why引导的定语从句 Please leave the book at the place where it was. July, when we can go home for a rest, is coming soon. This is the reason why he cried. in which in which for which This is the reason ___________ he went. The reason _________ he gave us was quite reasonable. when, where, why 与 that, which 的区分 先行词在作状语时用when，where或why 先行词在作主语或宾语时，要用which或that This is the place _________we visited last year. This is the place _______ he works. That was the time _________ he arrived. Do you still remember the time _________ we spent together? which/that where when that/which why/for which that/which Water from the dam would likely damage a number of temples and destroy cultural relics that were an important part of Egypt’s cultural heritage.限制性定语从句 After listening to the scientists who had studied the problem, and citizens who lived near the dam, the government turned to the United Nations for help in 1959. 限制性定语从句 Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO,which runs a programme that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing.非限制性定语从句 仔细观察下面三个句子，说说它们有什么异同 限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句 形式 与主句之间不用逗号隔开 与主句之间常用逗号隔开 功能 对先行词进行限定和修饰，如果省略，所修饰的先行词往往不明确 对先行词加以附加说明，为先行词补充信息，即使去掉也不会影响先行词的明确性 先行词 名词或名词性词组 名词，名词性词组或整个主句 翻译 常译成前置定语 常句译成并列分 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别 小粉P12 What are attribute and attributive clause? 定语从句：修饰、限定名词或代词的从句。它所修饰的名词或代词叫作先行词；引导定语从句的词叫作关系词。 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose等 关系副词：when, where, why 关系词 定语：修饰、限定名词或代词的成分。 12 先行词 关系词 定语从句 定语从句三要素： 先行词，关系词，定语从句 There are a few students who keep coming to class late. 马 马车 马车夫 .先行词、关系词、定语从句三者的关系： 马 先行词 马车夫 关系词 马车 定语从句 Relatives (2)关系词作用： 关系代词：that, which, who, whom, whose等 关系副词：when, where, why (1)关系词 ① 连接主句和从句； ② 指代先行词； ③ 在定语从句中充当成分。 14 Work in pairs. Play a game of definitions. Answer them with relative clauses. Example: A: What is an exit? B: An exit is a door where/through which you can leave a building. 1. What’s a library? (where; in/from which) 2. What’s a good friend? (who) It is a place where/from which you can borrow books. It is a person who can share happiness and sadness with you. 3. What’s a bottle? (where; in which) 4. What’s a textbook? (that/which) 5. What’s a phone? (that/which) 6. What’s glasses? (by which) It is a contain(容器) where/in which you can contain liquid. It is a book that/which have knowledge for students. It is a thing that/which can connect with others. It is a thing by which you can see things clearly. Fill in the blanks A vacation is a time ___________________ you don’t work. A football coach is a person from________ you can learn to play soccer. A football coach is a person ________ can teach you to play soccer. The Mid-Autumn Festival falls on the fifteenth day of August of the lunar calendar, _________ is one of the traditional festivals in China. Time is the most valuable thing _________you can spend. Those ________make the worst use of their time are the first to complain of its brevity(短暂). during which / when whom who/that which that who 7. I’ll remember the days _____________ I spent in the town. 8. I’ll remember the days_______________ we lived together. when/in which which/that 9. He is the person_____ whom I can turn for help. to 10. China has hundreds of islands, the largest _____ which is Taiwan. of 11. I don’t like the way_____________________ he speaks. in which / that / 不填  12.Lucy didn't tell him the reason______________ she left her hometown for New York. for which / why 定语 从句 定语：相当于 ，修饰名词或代词 形容词 构成：名词或代词 + + 从句 关系词 分类：限制性： ； 非限制性： ； 说明正在谈论的人、物或事 给出额外的补充信息 关系词：关系代词： ：指人，作主语或宾语； ：指人，作宾语； ：指事、物，作主语或宾语； ：指人或事、物，作主语或宾语； ：与所修饰的名词为所属关系，作定语； ：作地点状语； ：作时间状语； ：作原因状语； who whom which that whose where when why 关系副词： Summary Exercise Mr. Smith is a teacher ( ) is very strict. This is a book ( ) interests a large number of people. The girl ( ) is watching TV is Kate. The expert ( ) visited our class yesterday is from Canada. The bus ( ) has just left was the last one today. Is he the boy ( ) always wins maths competition? I will never forget the day ( ) I spent with you last summer. I don’t like the way ( ) he explains to us. The girl ( ) I saw yesterday is called Mary. He is a man ( ) you can safely trust. The fish ( ) I bought this morning were not fresh. The person ( ) we are talking about is a scientist. who/that who/that which/that which/that who/that who/that which/that which/that which/that who/whom/that who/whom/that who/whom/that 20 She is the girl ( ) brother is studying abroad.（先行词是人） The room ( ) window faces south is mine.（先行词是物） I talked with the man ( ) house was destroyed in the flood.（先行词是人） He has written a book ( ) name I’ve forgotten.（先行词是物） Exercise whose whose whose whose 21 $$