专题1 名词(必考) (精讲册)-【夺冠百分百】2025年中考英语冲刺复习(人教版 河北专用)

第二部分语法专题突破 中考冲刺英语 第二部分语法专题突破 词类 专题一名词（必考） 【课标导图】 单数：可与不定冠词a/a连用，作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式 复数：可数名词表示>1时用复数，其前不能加不定冠词，作主语时 调语动词用复数形式 只能修饰可数名词的词组)：few,afew,several,many,a great/小arge 1可数名词 number of,.quite a few等 及其单复数 集 形式为单数，意义可分为单数和复数，如：family,leam,group,clas等 名词形式为单数，意义水远为复数，可与h连用，谓语动词用复数， 如：people,police等 拓展 常以复数 形式出现 此类名词有：trousers,.glasses,.chopsticks,shoes,scissors,.socks等 的名词 若被a pair of等量词修饰，谓语动词和量词的数保持一致 定义：不可数名词所表示的事物一般不能用数来计算，无形式变化，不能用不定冠 词a/a修饰，主要是物质名词和抽象名词。不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数 物质名词，如：soup,water,meat,paper,wood等 常见不可 抽象名词，如：health,love等。注意：当抽象名词和物质名词表达具体 数名词 事物、若干种类或具体结果时，则为可数名词 专有名词，如：China,Canada等。注意：专有名词如表示星期的词，为 可数名词 2.不可数 不可数名词的量化表达方式：数词/冠词+计量名词+f+不可数名词 名词 常见表示不可数名词的量的词组：a hasket of,a box of,a bottle of等 只能修饰不可数名词的词组)：itle,a little,mueh,a good/great deal of,a bit of, a large/small amount of 既能修饰可数名词又能修饰不可数名词的词（组）：lot of,lots of,plenty of, all,some,most,any,no,the rest of 有生命的单数名词，如：my sister's hook 表示时间、国家，距离等名词，如：China's development 加-'s名词复数不以-s结尾，如：children's homework 表示共同拥有，在最后一个名词后加-'s,如：Tom and Peter's room 表示各自拥有，在每个名词后加-'s,如：Emma's and Allen's bikes 3.名词所 -'s所有格 有格 有生命的，如：unts’work 名词复数以-结尾，加'1 无生命的，如：two hours'walk 名词加-'s:New Year'sDay 节日类名词复数加'：Teachers'Day 名词复数加-'s:Children'sDay,Women'sDay 日积月累：No sweet without sweat.先苦后甜. 中考冲刺英语 般用于表示无生命名词的所有关系， 有生命的名词 t如：he top of the hill -'所有格和of 表示“关于，有关”，如：a story of love 短语所有格可 of所有格 以互换.如the 表示部分与整体的关系，如：the bottom of the sea girl's name= 表示抽象概念，如：the cost of living the name of the 3.名词所 有格 girl of+-s'所有格，如：a photo of Lucy's 双重所有格 of+名词性物主代词，如：a friend of mine 表示人名、尊称或头衔的专有名词 表示团体，机构或报刊的专有名词 表示星期、月份和节日的专有名词 4.专有名词 表示国名、地名、山河名的专有名词 由普通名词构成的专有名词 同类名词词义辨析：在完形填空中考查，主要考查角度为： 抽象类，人物类，职业类、时间类，地点类情绪类 5,名词词 不同类名词词义辨析：在完形填空中考查 义辨析 近义名词词义辨析 【考情分析】 考点 考向 考题 题型 考频 2024,41,47,48:2023,42,47,50:2022,48,49: 单项选择， 名词词义辨析 语境选词 5年14考 2021,41,43:2020,35,41,43,49 完形填空 可数名词 2024,72,76:2023,76;2022,76:2021,77: 名词的数 词语运用 5年6考 变复数 2020.75 重难考点突破· 重难点一可数名词变复数 续表 1.规则变化 例词 规律 例词 规律 boy--boys 3.以元音字母加-y结 toy-·toys 尾的词，词尾直接加s year-→years radio-radios 4,以元背字母加-0结 friend→friends 规 Z00-+Z008 尾的词，词尾直接加-s 规 interest--interests 1,一般箭况，词尾直 则 watch--watches 5.以s,x,h,h结尾 则 hour-hours 接加① 变 bus+②② 变 的词，词尾加③ answer-answers 化 化 baby-④ nistake-→nistakes 6.以辅音字母加-y 2.一般情况，以-ce, story-stories 结尾的词，⑤ facefaces knife*⑥ se,zR等结尾的词， 7.以字母-f/-fe结尾 house-houses 词尾直接加s leafleaves 的词，⑦ 94 第二部分语法专题突破 中考冲刺英语 续表 续表 南 例词 规律 例词 规律 则 photo-photos 以0结尾的词在词 不 German→l 表示“某 hero--heroes 尾加s,但hero,to 变 单 Roman-→② 国人”的 词尾 化 tomato-tomatoes mato,potato等词在 则 American→⑧ 名词的单 加s potato-potatoes 词尾加⑧ Canadia-→ 变 复数形式 2.不规律变化 中日不变，英法变， 化 巧学妙记 其他后面加s 例词 规律 重难点二 构词法 派生法 foot→① tooth*② 后缀 表达意义 例词 man→③ ① 歌手 改变单数名词中 mouse-→④ 从事某 ② 老师 的元音字母 -er/-or woman-→⑤ 事的人 ③ 游客 (特例：boot的复数 ④ 发明家 形式为boots) 精通… 音乐家 -ian 的人 0x+oxen(公牛) 词尾加-en或 ⑥ 魔术师 艺术家 不 child-→⑥ ⑦ -ren -ist 专业人员 母 ⑧ 科学家 sheep,deer,fish(表 则 ④ 发展 示鱼的种类多时， 单复数形式相同 ment/-ness ① 善良 fish的复数为fishes) @ 行动 化 trousers,.glasses(眼镜)， -ion 行为、性质 ⑨ 收藏品 clothes.pants.jeans. 只有复数形式 或状态等 B 入口 shorts,scissors -ance/-ence 0 信心 表示 单复 5 温暖 Chinese-→⑦ “某国 -th/-(i)ty 数同 Japanese-→⑧ ⑩ 安全 人”的 形 名词的 变词尾 ⑦ 会议 Englishman→⑨ -ing 物品，事情 单复 的man B 建筑物 Frenchman→0 数形式为men 语法过关小测（限时5分钟 I,单句填空 back sweet (memory). L.(2022保定清苑区二模)I am sorry after 3.Look！The (child)are having a hearing about your (problem). good time flying kites in the park. 2.Sally thinks that old things always bring 日积月累：Think twice before you do..三思而后行。 95 中考冲刺英语 4.At the very heart of Beijing,the Palace Mu "Today,we're going to paint..." seum is the largest of all China's ancient Sam waited,wondering what the next (building). 4 would be.Please,he thought,not hou- 5.The (connect)between people ses.Not buildings.… and plants has long been the subject of “We're going to paint5,”said Mr. scientific research. White with a smile. 6.I bought two notebook)yester- “Yes！Great！”said Sam excitedly.. day. “We can't paint that！”shouted Mike 7.There are many (sheep)eating on from the other side of the 6. the hill. “Sure,you can,”replied Mr.White pa- 8.Would you mind giving me some tiently."Think about it,Mike.What makes (advise)on how to plant trees? you happy?" 9.(2024凉山中考)It's only five "Umm...beaches,sunshine,and...ice (minute)walk from here,so you needn't cream!”said Mike.“I choose7.” take a bus. "Well,there you go.That's how you 10.(2024包头中考)Lucy's junior middle paint it.Start working!"said Mr.White. school teacher made a big (dif- Sam was already painting.He splashed ferent)to her life.She wants to express (泼洒)large amounts of paint all over the her thanks to the teacher at the gradua- 8.It was really beautiful!There were tion ceremony. shapes that we didn't have in the real world Ⅱ.完形填空 and the 9 were so shining.The whole A(2024保定竞秀区一模改编) class cheered and Sam looked proud. Sam was worried.The following morn- From that day on,Sam was never nerv- ing,he would have art class.It was his favor- ous about 10 class.He knew that he ite class,but there was a 1 Sam saw the could paint happiness no matter what he world differently from everybody else.When painted. he drew,birds had different-sized wings,and 1.A.difference B.problem buildings had strange shapes.Every time he C.reason D.way painted a 2 his teachers and classmates 2.A.story B.diary would be surprised. C.song D.picture It was time for the art class.Nervously, 3.A.paper B.blackboard Sam looked at the white piece of 3 in C.milk D.sky front of him. 4.A.book B.photo “Good morning,class,”said Mr.White. C.friend D.word 6 第二部分语法专题突破 中考冲刺英语 5.A.buildings B.houses 2.A.date B.day C.happiness D.summer C.way D.birthday 6.A.classroom B.playground 3.A.competition B.require C.library D.station C.question D.progress 7.A.ice-cream B.bread 4.A.idea B.dream C.meat D.chicken C.need D.competition 8.A.book B.floor 5.A.student B.students C.paper D.wall C.teacher D.teachers 9.A.colors B.shapes 6.A.week B.weeks C.lines D.marks C.week's D.weeks' 10.A.history B.English 7.A.chance B.excuse C.math D.art C.journey D.result B(2024重庆A卷中考改编) 8.A.child B.children When I was a child,I wanted to be some- C.children's D.child's one like my father.My father is a 1 and he 9.A.teacher B.teacher's has taught me a lot.On my tenth 2,he C.teachers' D.teachers asked me,"What will you do when you grow 10.A.trip B.education up?”I answered the_3 proudly,“Bea C.duty D.experience teacher like you！”Hearing this,.my father c was very happy and said to me,"Try your Rain was loudly hitting my window best and your 4 will come true. when I woke up.Holidays are my only 1 In the fourth year of my college,I volun- to sleep in,but I couldn't because of the teered in a school.One of the 5 was ill. sound of the rain.My brain was awake and She wanted me to take her place for two full of 2 so I decided to get up and finish 6.I was glad but nervous.My father my project.I went to a coffee shop and star- said,"This is a good 7 I wish you suc- ted taking 3 on what was happening cess！”The next day,I was introduced to the around me.When I looked at the parking lot, class by the head teacher of the school.The an elderly couple in a car caught my 4. 8 felt very happy.With other 9 After parking,the woman got out and went to help,I did very well. help her husband out of the car.Then they Personally,the 10 has made me even entered the 5 hand in hand. more interested in being a teacher in the future. As soon as they came inside,a race car 1.A.teacher B.worker appeared in the parking lot.With its four C.farmer D.doctor 6 open,I saw several teenagers. The 日积月累：Time is money.时间就是金钱。 97 中考冲刺英语 young man who was driving it had turned up C.step D.rest the 7 so high that I could hear it even in Ⅲ.短文填空 the coffee shop. A(2024秦皇岛青龙一模改编) However,they were not bad guys.They Our family bought a new smart TV set last were just enjoying the music. week.But we didn't know what we should do with our 1. (family)old one.Then I A lot of memories came into my 8.I saw an advertisement for Tech-Help.Tech- could not stop thinking about the people who Help donates smart TV sets to people to have been by my side since I was young. meet 2. (people)needs. In the real world,everyone is different, So far,Tech-Help has donated more than but whether 9 or enemies,we are all still 2,000 smart TV sets to different families across part of the same group-humans.When we the country.Last year,they 3. (give) disagree with others,why not take a 10 smart TV sets to poor families.Yesterday,my back.look carefully and try to understand brother and I took the old smart TV set to them before judging them? 4. (Mr.Zhang)shop.Two hours lat- 1.A.treasure B.accident er,Tech-Help...collected it from the shop. They will clean the smart TV set and make it C.chance D.suggestion better.I'm excited we could do something to 2.A.ways B.rules help the smart TV 5. (set)new C.secrets D.ideas owner! 3.A.notes B.courses B(2024保定高碑店一模改编) C.risks D.actions Science and technology bring about great 4.A.memory B.attention changes in our lives and help us a lot. C.praise D.support Let's consider the 1. (communi- 5.A.shop B.school cate)technology.The 2. (invent)of C.office D.hospital the Internet and smartphones has completely changed the way we communicate.AI Sora is 6.A.flowers B.windows a new Al tool which is able to understand C.rooms D.bags human language,learn from experiences,and 7.A.heat B.phone make wise 3. decide)in different C.music D.movie situations.One of the key advantages of AI 8.A.body B.heart Sora is its 4. (able)to understand C.head D.mind natural language.This allows 5. 9.A.relatives B.friends (use)to communicate with the system,ask- C.neighbors D.strangers ing questions,answering in a polite way, 10.A.trip B.walk changing words into videos and so on. 983.What did you do then/... 第二部分 语法专题突破 4.How did you feel about the movie/. 5.Were you afraid/... 词类 B:1.What did you do(during the event)/... 2.Yes,you are right/I agree with you/I can't 专题一名词（必考） agree with you more 3.Because some help would mean a lot for 重难考点突破 those disabled people/Because maybe I can 重难点一 help them change their lives through volun- 1.①-s②buses③-es④babies⑤变y为i,再 teering/... 加-es⑥knives⑦变f/fe为v,再加-es⑧-es 4.Do you have any trouble talking to the disabled 2.①feet②teeth③men④mice⑤women 5.It's hard for all people to make friends with ⑤children⑦Chinese⑧Japanese ⑨En them/You may hurt them by chance/... glishmen Frenchmen DGermans 九年级Units13~14 ②Romans⑧Americans Canadians 重难点二 重难考点突破 考点一 ①singer②teacher③visitor④inventor 1.to save 2.them 3.to ⑤musician)magician⑦artist图scientist 考点二 ⑨development 00kindness Daction 1.works 2.as 3.on 4.out 5.with 6.for ②collection ⑧entrance④confidence 7.worker ⑤warmth safety⑦meeting⑧ouilding 考点三 语法过关小测 1.take part in 2.join 3.join in 4.attend I.1.problems 2.memories 3.children 基础知识小测 4.buildings 5.connection 6.notebooks I.1.manager 2.thankful 3.wings 4.wood- 7.sheep 8.advice 9.minutes'10.differ- en 5.harmful 6.scientific 7.congratula- ence tions 8.for 9.in 10.out II.A:1.the 2.seventh 3.had 4.about II.A:1-5 BDADC 6-10 AACAD 5.better 6.seconds 7.happily 8.what B:1-5 ADCBD 6-10 BABCD 9.worked 10.us C:1-5 CDABA 6-10 BCDBC B:1.a 2.really 3.so 4.his 5.got lll.A:1.family's 2.people's 3.gave 4.Mr. 6.surprised 7.colors 8.from 9.asks Zhang's 5.set's 10.eighth B:1.communication 2.invention Ill.1.This is Joe (speaking)/Joe speaking/It's 3.decisions 4.ability 5.users Joe(speaking)/… 2.Can/Could you give me some advice/sug- 专题二 动词和动词短语（必考） gestions/Do you have any ideas/advice/ suggestions/... 语法过关小测 3.Are you free tomorrow/Do you have time I.A:1-5 ADBDB 6-10 CABCD tomorrow/... B:1-5 DABBC 6-10 AACDB 4.When and where shall/will we meet/... II.1.around 2.hurt 3.my 4.from 5.down 5.See you/... 6.off 7.like