Unit 4 Adversity and Courage (人与自我：逆境与勇气)【【同步拓展阅读】2024-2025学年高二英语单元阅读提升（人教版2019）

选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage（人教版2019） 人与自我：逆境与勇气 单元引言解读 Great works are performed not by strength, but perseverance.—Samuel Johnson 释义：本单元的引言来自英国著名作家塞缪尔·约翰逊。中文可译为：伟大的作品不是靠力量，而是靠坚持来完成的。 启示：该引言与我国荀子《劝学》中的“锲而不舍，金石可镂”具有异曲同工之妙，都在启发人们：只有坚持不懈地努力，才能把事情做成功。 名言名句积累 人与自我：逆境与勇气 1．The virtue of luck is temperance, and the virtue of adversity is perseverance.—Bacon 幸运所生的德性是节制，厄运所生的德性是坚忍。——培根 2．Bravery, boldness and determination are worthy of good weapons.—Vinci 勇猛、大胆和坚定的决心能够抵得上精良的武器。——达·芬奇 3．Dare and the world always yields. If it beats you sometimes, dare it again and again and it will succumb.—W. M. Thackeray 你勇敢，世界就会让步。如果有时它战胜你，你要不断地勇敢再勇敢，它就会屈服。——W.M.萨克雷 4．Not only should we be brave, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要勇敢，而且要谨慎。 5．Not until we took part in the military training did we learn the lesson that perseverance, discipline and team spirit are all key factors leading to success. 直到参加了军训我们才懂得一个道理：毅力、纪律、团队精神都是通向成功的关键因素。 6．The more fearful you are, the worse the situation will be, so keep calm and think soundly/wisely when you are in trouble. 当你身处困境时，要保持冷静，明智地思考，你越害怕情况就越糟糕。 时文拓展阅读 19- year-old breaks world record as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world Nineteen-year-old Zara Rutherford set the world record Thursday as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world. Rutherford took the Guinness World record that had been held by 30-year-old American flyer Shaesta Waiz since 2017. The youngest male to fly alone is Britain’s Travis Ludlow. He set that record on July 12, 2021, when he was 18 years and 150 days old. The British-Belgian pilot started her trip around the world on August 18. It covered 51,000 kilometers over 52 countries and five continents. On Thursday, Rutherford landed her small airplane back in western Belgium. “It’s just really crazy, I haven’t quite processed it,” she said. The flight was supposed to take three months. But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded and extended the trip by about two months. Rutherford started in Belgium and headed west over Britain, Iceland, and Greenland. The path took her over Canada, the United States, and Latin America. Rutherford could not leave Alaska for a month because of weather and visa delays. A winter storm forced another long stop in the Russian Far East before she traveled to Korea, Indonesia, India, the Middle East, and back to Europe. To meet the requirement for a round-the-world flight, Rutherford had to land on two points opposite each other on Earth: Jambi in Indonesia and Tumaco in Colombia. The teenager said the last part of her trip, from Germany, had been difficult. She had to deal with rain and snow coming out of Frankfurt. But she was happy to be accompanied by the Belgian Air Force’s Red Devils team before landing. “The people were incredible, everywhere,” she said. Rutherford said she has been traveling in small planes with her pilot parents since she was six. She gained her pilot’s license in 2020 and started flying herself at 14. Rutherford dreams of being an astronaut. She hopes her trip will get more women interested in science, technology, and aviation. On her website, Rutherford wrote, “Boys learn through toys, street names, history classes and movies that they can be scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents.” She added, “Girls are often encouraged to be beautiful, kind, helpful and sweet. With my flight, I want to show young women that they can be bold, ambitious and make their dreams come true.”  【译文欣赏】  19岁少女打破了世界记录成为独自飞行环球的最年轻女性 19岁的扎拉-卢瑟福周四创造了世界纪录，成为最年轻的独自环游世界的女性。         卢瑟福拿下了自2017年以来一直由30岁的美国飞人沙斯塔-瓦伊兹保持的吉尼斯世界纪录。独自飞行的最年轻男性是英国的特拉维斯-卢德洛。他在2021年7月12日创造了这个记录，当时他18岁零150天。         这位英国-比利时的飞行员在8月18日开始了她的环球旅行。它覆盖了52个国家和五大洲的5.1万公里。星期四，卢瑟福将她的小飞机降落在比利时西部。         “这真的很疯狂，我还没有完全处理好，”她说。         这次飞行本来需要三个月的时间。但恶劣的天气和签证延误使哪都去不了，旅行时间延长了约两个月。         卢瑟福从比利时出发，向西飞越英国、冰岛和格陵兰岛。这条路把她带到了加拿大、美国和拉丁美洲。         由于天气和签证的延误，卢瑟福在一个月内无法离开阿拉斯加。一场冬季风暴迫使她在俄罗斯远东地区又做了一次长时间的停留，然后她又去了韩国、印度尼西亚、印度、中东，并回到了欧洲。         为了满足环球飞行的要求，卢瑟福必须在地球上相对的两个点降落。印度尼西亚的Jambi和哥伦比亚的Tumaco。         这位青少年说，她从德国出发的最后一段旅程非常艰难。她不得不面对从法兰克福出来时的雨雪天气。但她很高兴在降落前得到比利时空军红魔队的陪同。         她说：“各地的人们都很不可思议”。         卢瑟福说，她从六岁起就与她的飞行员父母一起乘坐小型飞机旅行。她在2020年获得了飞行员执照，14岁时开始自己飞行。         卢瑟福的梦想是成为一名宇航员。她希望她的旅行能让更多女性对科学、技术和航空感兴趣。         卢瑟福在她的网站上写道：“男孩通过玩具、街道名称、历史课和电影了解到他们可以成为科学家、宇航员、CEO或总统。”         她补充说：“女孩经常被鼓励成为美丽、善良、乐于助人和可爱的人。通过我的飞行，我想告诉年轻女性，她们可以大胆、雄心勃勃并实现自己的梦想。” 【词汇积累】 organism [ˈɔːɡənɪzəm] n. 有机体 examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] v. 检查；审查 presence [ˈprezns] n. 出席；存在 element [ˈelɪmənt] n. 要素；基本部分 evidence [ˈevɪdəns]n. 证明；证据 produce [prəˈdjuːs] v. 生产；产生 sample [ˈsɑːmpl] n. 样品；样本 involve [ɪnˈvɒlv] v. 涉及；包含 robotic [rəʊˈbɒtɪk] adj. 机器人的 interaction [ˌɪntərˈækʃən] n. 相互作用 release [rɪˈliːs] v. 释放；放出 【知识拓展】 19岁的卢瑟福创造了一项新的世界纪录，成为世界上最年轻的完成单人环球飞行的女性。卢瑟福独自操纵超轻型飞机完成了28100海里的旅程，跨越31个国家和五大洲。 【词汇延伸】 convert [kənˈvɜːt] v. (使)转变；转化 综合实战演练 （一） （2024·九省联考真题）In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments. However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it. These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. 1．What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Tolerant. D．Uncertain. 2．Why do many people try to avoid arguments? A．They lack debating skills. B．They may feel bad even if they win. C．They fear being ignored. D．They are not confident in themselves. 3．What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Defend. B．Explain. C．Conclude. D．Repeat. 4．What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author? A．Sense of logic. B．Solid supporting evidence. C．Proper manners. D．Understanding from both sides. ( 基本要素 主题明确：文章围绕一个中心主题展开。 论点清晰：文章的主要观点明确无误。 论据充分：提供充足的证据支持论点。 结论明确：文章以明确的结论结束，总结观点或提出建议。 语篇结构 引言：介绍背景信息，引出中心论题。 正文：分段展开论点，每个论点由充分的论据支持。 结论：总结全文，重申观点，可能提出建议或展望。 写作手法 举例说明：通过具体例子阐释观点。 比较对比：对立观点或不同情况的对比。 因果分析：分析事件的原因和结果。 引用权威：引用权威观点或研究支持自己的论点。 难点 选材精确：选择恰当的材料支持论点。 逻辑严密：保持论证过程的逻辑性 语言精炼   观点独到 ) ( 【阅读助力】-----一定要有语篇结构模型意识 段落大意 命题点分析 关键信息词 引言 Para1 介绍了 Dale Carnegie 关于避免争论的 观点 ，作为争论观念误区的引子。 引用 Carnegie 的观点作为讨论起点 Dale Carnegie, 避免争论 , “avoid it” 问题阐述 Para2 讨论了 如果争论被视为战斗， 卡耐基的观点可能是正确的 ，并且指出人们常常将争论看作是一种战斗。 分析争论被视为争斗的负面影响   争论 = 争斗 , 负面影响 , “verbal fights”, “bloodied” 解决方案 Para3 提出了一种新的观点 ，即存在总是能赢得争论的方法。 明确阐述立场、评估论点强弱，以及倾听和回应反对意见来 “ 赢得 ” 争论 提出通过理性交流解决争论的方法   理性交流 , “state your position”, “assess its strength and weakness” 结论 Para4 强调通过理性交流 “ 赢得 ” 争论的真正意义在于增进理解、尊重和合作，而非击败对方， 改变了我们对争论 “ 赢得 ” 的看法 。 重定义“赢得”争论的含义，强调理解和合作   “winning”, “learning about what divides people”, “learning to talk and work together with them” ) （二） （24-25高二上·安徽合肥·期末）Here are some adventures that will take you to different corners of the world to witness the wonders of nature. The Great Monarch Butterfly Migration (帝王蝶大迁徙): Mexico On 14 January, 2025, a journey that lasts for six days starts. This offers an opportunity to witness one of the most astonishing wildlife events globally-the great monarch butterfly migration. During the trip, one can explore the forests in the Central Highlands of Mexico, where millions of monarch butterflies stay and produce babies every winter. Additionally, professional guides will be there so visitors can learn about the science behind this natural occurrence. Yellowstone Wolf and Wildlife Winter Safari: US This adventure starts on 8 February, 2025 and ends on 15 February. Visitors can enjoy a remarkable wildlife trip through Yellowstone and Grand Te ton national parks. They will have enough time to look for wolves in the remote Northern Range of Yellowstone National Park,which is the main location on Earth, to spot these graceful symbols of the wilderness. Also, a private snow coach will lead the winter journey to Old Faithful. The Great Wildebeest (牛羚) Migration: Kenya On 5 August, 2025, this 6-day adventure starts. It offers a chance to see the great wildebeest migration in Kenya. This wonderful event happens on the big plains when the animals cross the rivers in Maasai Mara. During the trip, people will go through the famous Maasai Mara National Reserve. There, a lot of wildebeest, zebras and other antelopes get together and start on a dangerous trip to find better grass. Churchill Polar Bear Exploration: Canada On 21 October, 2025, the adventure begins. Visitors will travel to Churchill in northern Canada to have close encounters with polar bears and explore the Churchill area where there is a huge concentration of polar bears. After dark, they will get a chance to see the northern lights away from the town. Although the adventure goes on for only ten days, it will leave a deep impression on everyone who takes part in it. 1．How is the adventure in Mexico different from the other three? A．It takes place in extreme cold. B．It involves visiting national parks. C．It helps with scientific research. D．It explains natural laws behind the scene. 2．What will visitors do on the adventure in Kenya? A．Observe more than one species. B．Learn how the plains came into being. C．Enjoy the northern lights in the great wild. D．Go boating along the rivers in Maasai Mara. 3．Which adventure lasts the longest? A．The Great Monarch Butterfly Migration: Mexico. B．Yellowstone Wolf and Wildlife Winter Safari: US. C．The Great Wildebeest Migration: Kenya. D．Churchill Polar Bear Exploration: Canada. （三） （24-25高二上·甘肃临夏·期末）When Preeti Maske took up cycling at the age of 40, she had no idea a new hobby would turn into a passion, and then a profession with five Guinness World Records. A surprise first-place victory in a five-km fun run at her children’s school was what first fuelled Maske’s adventurous side. In school, Maske played national-level hockey (曲棍球) and basketball at a state level, but after marriage and motherhood, sports were firmly in her past. However, the podium (领奖台) finish at her children’s school refreshed her competitive spirit.“Many women in their 40s feel like their dreams have been crashed,” says the mother of two. “Maybe I felt this more keenly and it showed.” It was a cycling organization from Kashmir to Kanyakumari — down the length of the country — that made Maske take up cycling seriously. She kept improving and training, but being one of the few women in the group came with its own challenges. “Keeping up with male riders was tough,” she says. “I was slower, but when I caught up with them, whenever they said, ‘let’s go’, I would say, ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been resting for a while.” Among her cycling partners, Maske is known never to complain — even pushing herself after a fall or an accident. Maske set her first Guinness world record in 2022, cycling from Manali to Leh, in55 hours and seven minutes. Her latest cycling milestone took her from Bhutan to India through Nepal, a journey of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes. As for what’s next, Maske has her eyes set on cycling from India to Singapore via Myanmar. Picking up on this persistent desire to challenge herself, she got the nickname “the extreme lady” from her daughter. Maske’s plans make it clear she’s bent on proving her daughter right. 1．What first motivated Preeti Maske’s spirit of adventure? A．Passion for cycling. B．Desire for a profession. C．Aim for world records. D．Winning in a fun run. 2．What can we infer about Maske’s life before marriage? A．She was only focused on cycling. B．She taught her children at home. C．She was highly involved in sports. D．She had no interest in any competition. 3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Her difficulties and attitude. B．Her training methods. C．Her cycling records. D．Her cycling peers. 4．Why does the author mention Maske’s plan? A．To show her pursuit of challenges. B．To tell the achieved goals in India. C．To break more records in cycling. D．To prove her daughter’s wrong idea. （四） （2024·山东济宁·模拟预测）In March, 5-year-old Wynn Radke of Minnesota came home from preschool with no idea that she wouldn’t return for months because of COVID-19. Once the realization and boredom set in, her mom Colleen challenged her to think of a goal to work toward that involved an outdoor activity. Wynn wasted no time and shouted, “67 waterfalls!” While the number was random, her mom loved the idea so much that she agreed to help the little one on her quest. The lovely pair’s first adventure took place on March 28, 2020 at Fairy Falls, and it was amazing! From there, they continued hiking to different waterfalls, documenting their progress as they inched closer and closer to their goal. Both Colleen and Wynn took their quest seriously. In fact, they traveled all over Minnesota and into Wisconsin to track down new locations, even camping overnight to reach some places. Originally, Colleen said the challenge was simply a way to get Wynn outside instead of just watching YouTube all  day. But it ended up being something therapeutic for them to do during the  struggles 2020 has brought to their family. Between Wynn missing her friends and Colleen losing her job, the waterfall visits have helped a lot. “I think it kept both of our minds off it,” Colleen added. “She could feel my stress during everything. I also think that it helped protect her from all the craziness going on. In addition, it was just a really fun time for the two of us to bond and grow and heal together.” It took Wynn and Colleen five months, but they finally reached Winnewissa Falls — their 67th waterfall — in August. Upon reaching her goal, Wynn announced, “I did it!” And she wasn’t the only one who was delirious. When she returned to school, her friends and teachers welcomed her with celebratory balloons. For her wonderful mom, the adventure was less about the  milestones and more about the time they spent together. “We had so much fun doing us, being us, and camping,” she said. 1．Why did Wynn and Colleen decide to have the adventure? A．To do something meaningful. B．To ease the burden of schoolwork. C．To complete the school assignments. D．To avoid getting infected with COVID-19. 2．What do we know about Wynn and Colleen during their adventure? A．They nearly gave up their plan. B．They shared their progress with their friends. C．They talked about their worries and problems. D．They challenged the limits of their physical abilities. 3．What did this journey really mean to Colleen? A．It brought the joy of success. B．It was a milestone in her life. C．It was a real test of willpower. D．It deepened her relationship with Wynn. 4．What does the underlined word “delirious” in the last paragraph mean? A．Exhausted. B．Brave. C．Excited. D．Depressed. （五） （24-25高二上·四川雅安·阶段练习）Life can be overwhelming (令人不知所措的), and you’re not alone if you’re struggling. 65% of adults in the United States reported feeling stressed due to current circumstances. This means two-thirds of adults are uncertain about their lives and futures. You may wonder why everything feels so hard. Perhaps you’re comparing yourself to others who don’t seem to be experiencing the same level of stress. However, everyone’s journey is different. Your peers may be facing challenges privately or might be in a different stage of life. It’s best to focus on your own progress rather than comparing yourself to others. Personal challenges also impact how hard life feels. Family issues such as problematic relationships can lead to feelings of loneliness, shame, and jealousy (嫉妒) when you see others with strong familial support. Interpersonal issues such as navigating a break-up or losing a loved one can also make life feel harder. Feeling socially isolated can contribute to a sense of loneliness, which can badly affect health, leading to poor sleep and other issues. Psychological and physical pain further complicates life’s challenges. It’s essential to acknowledge how society factors contribute to these feelings. We’re facing economic disorder, which can be traumatic and make life feel more difficult, Licensed therapist (心理治疗师) Alegria Louise Demeestere emphasizes the importance of looking at systemic causes rather than blaming individuals. Understanding why life feels hard is the first step. When feeling this way, it’s common to feel angry or upset. “Your feeling is trying to tell you something,” says Demeestere. Being curious about your feeling can prevent you from taking it out on others or numbing it through addictions. Facing the feeling directly can use its energy to push you forward past difficulties. 1．Why should we focus on our own progress? A．It is the key to success. B．It helps to reduce anxiety completely. C．Everyone’s journey is different. D．Everyone’s demand is uneven. 2．What can cause feelings of loneliness, shame and jealousy? A．Family matters. B．Interpersonal issues. C．Psychological pain. D．Economic disorder. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “traumatic” in paragraph 4? A．Painful. B．Unexpected. C．Cheerful. D．Memorable. 4．What is mainly emphasized in the last paragraph? A．Living a creative life. B．Looking at systemic causes. C．Seeking out extra support. D．Understanding why life feels hard. （六） （24-25高二上·河南·阶段练习）Doing something challenging takes courage, commitment and willpower. 1 ! Whether it’s finding your dream job, learning a new skill or starting a new wellness routine, you’ll grow and learn along the way. So, step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You’ll learn lessons that can transform your life. It builds your resilience (适应力). When you face something difficult, you can build your resilience. Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that you’re born with. 2 The key: set small, attainable goals that push you a little outside of your comfort zone but still within reach. You’ll gradually see progress and maintain motivation as you work toward self-improvement. 3 . You may not realize how incredible you are until you overcome something difficult. Dealing with a challenge shows your strengths, maybe some you didn’t even know that you had! This self-awareness helps develop a sense of purpose. It also helps improve performance and leads to better decision-making. It teaches you self-confidence. Completing a challenge shows you do have the capability to succeed. In other words, when things get difficult, you have the strength to continue forward, giving you a newfound sense of self-worth. 4 . It helps you learn new skills. If you want to improve your fitness, you challenge your body to become stronger, right? 5 ! Challenging yourself helps you learn new skills that you improve over time with commitment and practice. So find a goal that you feel crazy about. You’ll expand your mind as you learn new information and experience new situations. A．But it’s well worth it B．It develops self-awareness C．It helps you manage stress D．You can also train yourself to become resilient E．That same approach applies to just about anything F．You’ll experience a bad meal in an unfamiliar place G．You’ll carry that confidence as you face future challenges （七） 完形填空 （24-25高三上·河北邯郸·期末）During the summer of 2019, I cycled alone from London to Istanbul. This 1 bicycle tour took me 89 days and through 11 countries. However, it was also a (n) 2 journey, which saw me pass through some of Europe’s greatest cities, 3 some amazing people, and witness some of its most beautiful scenery. It’s becoming more and more important for us to think about the impact that 4 can have on our environment. This was the 5 for my bicycle tour: I wanted to find more responsible ways to protect the planet and 6 traveling by plane where possible. I discovered that bicycle touring is one of the most 7 ways to travel, as using nothing but a bicycle and your own pedal (脚踏) power, you can 8 everything you need while covering surprising 9 each day. The 10 of life and the free time I spent just cycling alone gave me a lot of time to 11 . This really helped me to learn a lot about myself. So I’ve managed to 12 a lot of problems from my past and feel that my confidence and independence have 13 . Finally, I arrived in Istanbul with a huge mixture of 14 over the past three months: loneliness, joy, liberation, pride and anxiety. As a result, the journey makes me feel like a 15 person. What a cycling trip to remember! 1．A．amusing B．challenging C．boring D．confusing 2．A．incredible B．awkward C．flexible D．convenient 3．A．recognize B．entertain C．welcome D．meet 4．A．travel B．technology C．climate D．exploration 5．A．strategy B．inspiration C．barrier D．achievement 6．A．enjoy B．finish C．avoid D．practice 7．A．old-fashioned B．well-organized C．up-to-date D．eco-friendly 8．A．purchase B．prepare C．carry D．fetch 9．A．distances B．expense C．messages D．amount 10．A．pressure B．value C．simplicity D．expectation 11．A．rest B．play C．exercise D．think 12．A．get away with B．go on with C．be sensitive to D．be open to 13．A．mixed B．moved C．grown D．lost 14．A．opinions B．emotions C．worries D．memories 15．A．strange B．new C．smart D．lonely （八） 语法填空 （24-25高三上·江西·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s 40th Antarctic expedition ended on Wednesday with the Xuelong polar icebreaker returning to Qingdao, Shandong, 1 marked the completion of the expedition. The five-month polar expedition set out from Shanghai in early November and arrived in Antarctica later that month. The Xuelong and Xuelong 2 icebreakers as well as a ship 2 (use) in the mission, carrying more than 460 researchers from over 80 domestic institutions, covering 3 total distance of more than 150,000 kilometers. During the mission, Chinese engineers constructed the Qinling Station, the nation’s 4 (five) scientific outpost in Antarctica. Shaped like the Southern Cross constellation (星座), the 5,244-square-meter station was designed 5 (honor) Zheng He, a mariner or a sailor in the Ming Dynasty. The facility can accommodate 80 people in summer and 30 in winter, being responsible for 6 (it) construction. Engineers used lightweight and high-strength materials to build the station, making it 7 (resistance) to temperatures as low as minus 60 ℃. China had 8 (former) built four research stations in Antarctica. The Qinling Station is the nation's Antarctic research base to be operational around the year, alongside the other two stations both constructed in the late 1980s. In addition to actively 9 (participate) in the construction project, researchers of the 40th expedition conducted investigations into a host of scientific 10 (issue) including the impact of climate change on the Antarctic ecosystem. 思维素养提升 Task 1写作项目——Write an essay about a story 本单元的写作任务是根据本单元的故事写一篇短评，属于文学评论。文学评论是一种以作家、作品、文学创作等作为评论对象的理论文体。文学评论的作者旨在表达自己对文学作品的理解和认识，对文学作品作出评析，启发和帮助读者提高阅读水平。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 请根据下面的提示写一篇短评。 1．欧内斯特·沙克尔顿和他的船员们一起登上了名为“坚忍号”的大船。途中“坚忍号”被冰川困住了，大家弃船后逃到了象岛。沙克尔顿驾船去寻求帮助。最后，尽管困难重重船员们还是活了下来。 2．在这个故事里面船员之间真诚的关心和爱以及他们在困难面前的忍耐力和毅力使我深受鼓舞。 3．从这个故事中我学到了一个道理：无论遇到任何困难，都不要放弃！ 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 选择性必修第三册Unit 4 Adversity and Courage（人教版2019） 人与自我：逆境与勇气 单元引言解读 Great works are performed not by strength, but perseverance.—Samuel Johnson 释义：本单元的引言来自英国著名作家塞缪尔·约翰逊。中文可译为：伟大的作品不是靠力量，而是靠坚持来完成的。 启示：该引言与我国荀子《劝学》中的“锲而不舍，金石可镂”具有异曲同工之妙，都在启发人们：只有坚持不懈地努力，才能把事情做成功。 名言名句积累 人与自我：逆境与勇气 1．The virtue of luck is temperance, and the virtue of adversity is perseverance.—Bacon 幸运所生的德性是节制，厄运所生的德性是坚忍。——培根 2．Bravery, boldness and determination are worthy of good weapons.—Vinci 勇猛、大胆和坚定的决心能够抵得上精良的武器。——达·芬奇 3．Dare and the world always yields. If it beats you sometimes, dare it again and again and it will succumb.—W. M. Thackeray 你勇敢，世界就会让步。如果有时它战胜你，你要不断地勇敢再勇敢，它就会屈服。——W.M.萨克雷 4．Not only should we be brave, but also be cautious. 我们不仅要勇敢，而且要谨慎。 5．Not until we took part in the military training did we learn the lesson that perseverance, discipline and team spirit are all key factors leading to success. 直到参加了军训我们才懂得一个道理：毅力、纪律、团队精神都是通向成功的关键因素。 6．The more fearful you are, the worse the situation will be, so keep calm and think soundly/wisely when you are in trouble. 当你身处困境时，要保持冷静，明智地思考，你越害怕情况就越糟糕。 时文拓展阅读 19- year-old breaks world record as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world Nineteen-year-old Zara Rutherford set the world record Thursday as the youngest woman to fly alone around the world. Rutherford took the Guinness World record that had been held by 30-year-old American flyer Shaesta Waiz since 2017. The youngest male to fly alone is Britain’s Travis Ludlow. He set that record on July 12, 2021, when he was 18 years and 150 days old. The British-Belgian pilot started her trip around the world on August 18. It covered 51,000 kilometers over 52 countries and five continents. On Thursday, Rutherford landed her small airplane back in western Belgium. “It’s just really crazy, I haven’t quite processed it,” she said. The flight was supposed to take three months. But bad weather and visa delays kept her grounded and extended the trip by about two months. Rutherford started in Belgium and headed west over Britain, Iceland, and Greenland. The path took her over Canada, the United States, and Latin America. Rutherford could not leave Alaska for a month because of weather and visa delays. A winter storm forced another long stop in the Russian Far East before she traveled to Korea, Indonesia, India, the Middle East, and back to Europe. To meet the requirement for a round-the-world flight, Rutherford had to land on two points opposite each other on Earth: Jambi in Indonesia and Tumaco in Colombia. The teenager said the last part of her trip, from Germany, had been difficult. She had to deal with rain and snow coming out of Frankfurt. But she was happy to be accompanied by the Belgian Air Force’s Red Devils team before landing. “The people were incredible, everywhere,” she said. Rutherford said she has been traveling in small planes with her pilot parents since she was six. She gained her pilot’s license in 2020 and started flying herself at 14. Rutherford dreams of being an astronaut. She hopes her trip will get more women interested in science, technology, and aviation. On her website, Rutherford wrote, “Boys learn through toys, street names, history classes and movies that they can be scientists, astronauts, CEOs or presidents.” She added, “Girls are often encouraged to be beautiful, kind, helpful and sweet. With my flight, I want to show young women that they can be bold, ambitious and make their dreams come true.”  【译文欣赏】  19岁少女打破了世界记录成为独自飞行环球的最年轻女性 19岁的扎拉-卢瑟福周四创造了世界纪录，成为最年轻的独自环游世界的女性。         卢瑟福拿下了自2017年以来一直由30岁的美国飞人沙斯塔-瓦伊兹保持的吉尼斯世界纪录。独自飞行的最年轻男性是英国的特拉维斯-卢德洛。他在2021年7月12日创造了这个记录，当时他18岁零150天。         这位英国-比利时的飞行员在8月18日开始了她的环球旅行。它覆盖了52个国家和五大洲的5.1万公里。星期四，卢瑟福将她的小飞机降落在比利时西部。         “这真的很疯狂，我还没有完全处理好，”她说。         这次飞行本来需要三个月的时间。但恶劣的天气和签证延误使哪都去不了，旅行时间延长了约两个月。         卢瑟福从比利时出发，向西飞越英国、冰岛和格陵兰岛。这条路把她带到了加拿大、美国和拉丁美洲。         由于天气和签证的延误，卢瑟福在一个月内无法离开阿拉斯加。一场冬季风暴迫使她在俄罗斯远东地区又做了一次长时间的停留，然后她又去了韩国、印度尼西亚、印度、中东，并回到了欧洲。         为了满足环球飞行的要求，卢瑟福必须在地球上相对的两个点降落。印度尼西亚的Jambi和哥伦比亚的Tumaco。         这位青少年说，她从德国出发的最后一段旅程非常艰难。她不得不面对从法兰克福出来时的雨雪天气。但她很高兴在降落前得到比利时空军红魔队的陪同。         她说：“各地的人们都很不可思议”。         卢瑟福说，她从六岁起就与她的飞行员父母一起乘坐小型飞机旅行。她在2020年获得了飞行员执照，14岁时开始自己飞行。         卢瑟福的梦想是成为一名宇航员。她希望她的旅行能让更多女性对科学、技术和航空感兴趣。         卢瑟福在她的网站上写道：“男孩通过玩具、街道名称、历史课和电影了解到他们可以成为科学家、宇航员、CEO或总统。”         她补充说：“女孩经常被鼓励成为美丽、善良、乐于助人和可爱的人。通过我的飞行，我想告诉年轻女性，她们可以大胆、雄心勃勃并实现自己的梦想。” 【词汇积累】 organism [ˈɔːɡənɪzəm] n. 有机体 examine [ɪɡˈzæmɪn] v. 检查；审查 presence [ˈprezns] n. 出席；存在 element [ˈelɪmənt] n. 要素；基本部分 evidence [ˈevɪdəns]n. 证明；证据 produce [prəˈdjuːs] v. 生产；产生 sample [ˈsɑːmpl] n. 样品；样本 involve [ɪnˈvɒlv] v. 涉及；包含 robotic [rəʊˈbɒtɪk] adj. 机器人的 interaction [ˌɪntərˈækʃən] n. 相互作用 release [rɪˈliːs] v. 释放；放出 【知识拓展】 19岁的卢瑟福创造了一项新的世界纪录，成为世界上最年轻的完成单人环球飞行的女性。卢瑟福独自操纵超轻型飞机完成了28100海里的旅程，跨越31个国家和五大洲。 【词汇延伸】 convert [kənˈvɜːt] v. (使)转变；转化 综合实战演练 （一） （2024·九省联考真题）In his 1936 work How to Win Friends and Influence People, Dale Carnegie wrote: “I have come to the conclusion that there is only one way to get the best of an argument — and that is to avoid it.” This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place. Carnegie would be right if arguments were fights, which is how we often think of them. Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments. Pairs of opponents hit the ball back and forth until one winner comes out from all who entered. Everybody else loses. This kind of thinking explains why so many people try to avoid arguments. However, there are ways to win an argument every time. When you state your position, formulate (阐述) an argument for what you claim and honestly ask yourself whether your argument is any good. When you talk with someone who takes a stand, ask them to give you a reason for their view and spell out their argument fully. Assess its strength and weakness. Raise objections (异议) and listen carefully to their replies. This method will require effort, but practice will make you better at it. These tools can help you win every argument — not in the unhelpful sense of beating your opponents but in the better sense of learning about what divides people, learning why they disagree with us and learning to talk and work together with them. If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument. 1．What is the author’s attitude toward Carnegie’s understanding of argument? A．Critical. B．Supportive. C．Tolerant. D．Uncertain. 2．Why do many people try to avoid arguments? A．They lack debating skills. B．They may feel bad even if they win. C．They fear being ignored. D．They are not confident in themselves. 3．What does the underlined phrase “spell out” in paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Defend. B．Explain. C．Conclude. D．Repeat. 4．What is the key to “winning” an argument according to the author? A．Sense of logic. B．Solid supporting evidence. C．Proper manners. D．Understanding from both sides. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．B 4．D 【导语】这是一篇说明文，作者阐述了争论的意义和赢得争论的方法。 1．推理判断题。根据第一段中“This distaste for arguments is common, but it depends on a mistaken view of arguments that causes problems for our personal and social lives — and in many ways misses the point of arguing in the first place.(这种对争论的厌恶是很普遍的，但它取决于对争论的错误看法，这种观点会给我们的个人和社会生活带来问题——而且在很多方面，它首先忽略了争论的意义)”可知，作者对于Carnegie对争论的看法持批判态度，故选A。 2．细节理解题。根据第二段中“Like physical fights, verbal (言语的) fights can leave both sides bloodied. Even when you win, you end up no better off. You would be feeling almost as bad if arguments were even just competitions — like, say, tennis tournaments.(和身体上的打斗一样，言语上的打斗也会让双方流血。即使你赢了，你最终也不会变得更好。如果争论只是一场比赛，比如网球比赛，你也会感觉很糟糕)”可知， 很多人尽量避免争论，是因为即使赢了他们也感觉很糟糕，故选B。 3．词句猜测题。根据划线短语所在句“ask them to give you a reason for their view”可知，让他们为自己的观点提供依据，即让他们充分阐明他们的观点，spell out意为“解释明白，讲清楚”，故选B。 4．细节理解题。根据最后一段中“If we readjust our view of arguments — from a verbal fight or tennis game to a reasoned exchange through which we all gain respect and understanding from each other — then we change the very nature of what it means to “win” an argument.(如果我们重新调整我们对争论的看法——从一场口水战或网球比赛转变为一种理性的交流，通过这种交流，我们都能获得彼此的尊重和理解——那么我们就改变了‘赢得’争论的本质)”可知，作者认为“赢得”争论的关键是通过交流获得彼此的尊重和理解，故选D。 ( 基本要素 主题明确：文章围绕一个中心主题展开。 论点清晰：文章的主要观点明确无误。 论据充分：提供充足的证据支持论点。 结论明确：文章以明确的结论结束，总结观点或提出建议。 语篇结构 引言：介绍背景信息，引出中心论题。 正文：分段展开论点，每个论点由充分的论据支持。 结论：总结全文，重申观点，可能提出建议或展望。 写作手法 举例说明：通过具体例子阐释观点。 比较对比：对立观点或不同情况的对比。 因果分析：分析事件的原因和结果。 引用权威：引用权威观点或研究支持自己的论点。 难点 选材精确：选择恰当的材料支持论点。 逻辑严密：保持论证过程的逻辑性 语言精炼   观点独到 ) ( 【阅读助力】-----一定要有语篇结构模型意识 段落大意 命题点分析 关键信息词 引言 Para1 介绍了 Dale Carnegie 关于避免争论的 观点 ，作为争论观念误区的引子。 引用 Carnegie 的观点作为讨论起点 Dale Carnegie, 避免争论 , “avoid it” 问题阐述 Para2 讨论了 如果争论被视为战斗， 卡耐基的观点可能是正确的 ，并且指出人们常常将争论看作是一种战斗。 分析争论被视为争斗的负面影响   争论 = 争斗 , 负面影响 , “verbal fights”, “bloodied” 解决方案 Para3 提出了一种新的观点 ，即存在总是能赢得争论的方法。 明确阐述立场、评估论点强弱，以及倾听和回应反对意见来 “ 赢得 ” 争论 提出通过理性交流解决争论的方法   理性交流 , “state your position”, “assess its strength and weakness” 结论 Para4 强调通过理性交流 “ 赢得 ” 争论的真正意义在于增进理解、尊重和合作，而非击败对方， 改变了我们对争论 “ 赢得 ” 的看法 。 重定义“赢得”争论的含义，强调理解和合作   “winning”, “learning about what divides people”, “learning to talk and work together with them” ) （二） （24-25高二上·安徽合肥·期末）Here are some adventures that will take you to different corners of the world to witness the wonders of nature. The Great Monarch Butterfly Migration (帝王蝶大迁徙): Mexico On 14 January, 2025, a journey that lasts for six days starts. This offers an opportunity to witness one of the most astonishing wildlife events globally-the great monarch butterfly migration. During the trip, one can explore the forests in the Central Highlands of Mexico, where millions of monarch butterflies stay and produce babies every winter. Additionally, professional guides will be there so visitors can learn about the science behind this natural occurrence. Yellowstone Wolf and Wildlife Winter Safari: US This adventure starts on 8 February, 2025 and ends on 15 February. Visitors can enjoy a remarkable wildlife trip through Yellowstone and Grand Te ton national parks. They will have enough time to look for wolves in the remote Northern Range of Yellowstone National Park,which is the main location on Earth, to spot these graceful symbols of the wilderness. Also, a private snow coach will lead the winter journey to Old Faithful. The Great Wildebeest (牛羚) Migration: Kenya On 5 August, 2025, this 6-day adventure starts. It offers a chance to see the great wildebeest migration in Kenya. This wonderful event happens on the big plains when the animals cross the rivers in Maasai Mara. During the trip, people will go through the famous Maasai Mara National Reserve. There, a lot of wildebeest, zebras and other antelopes get together and start on a dangerous trip to find better grass. Churchill Polar Bear Exploration: Canada On 21 October, 2025, the adventure begins. Visitors will travel to Churchill in northern Canada to have close encounters with polar bears and explore the Churchill area where there is a huge concentration of polar bears. After dark, they will get a chance to see the northern lights away from the town. Although the adventure goes on for only ten days, it will leave a deep impression on everyone who takes part in it. 1．How is the adventure in Mexico different from the other three? A．It takes place in extreme cold. B．It involves visiting national parks. C．It helps with scientific research. D．It explains natural laws behind the scene. 2．What will visitors do on the adventure in Kenya? A．Observe more than one species. B．Learn how the plains came into being. C．Enjoy the northern lights in the great wild. D．Go boating along the rivers in Maasai Mara. 3．Which adventure lasts the longest? A．The Great Monarch Butterfly Migration: Mexico. B．Yellowstone Wolf and Wildlife Winter Safari: US. C．The Great Wildebeest Migration: Kenya. D．Churchill Polar Bear Exploration: Canada. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．D 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四个不同的自然探险活动，分别涉及墨西哥的帝王蝶大迁徙、美国黄石公园的狼与野生动物冬季探险、肯尼亚的角马大迁徙以及加拿大的北极熊探索。 1．细节理解题。根据The Great Monarch Butterfly Migration (帝王蝶大迁徙): Mexico部分的“Additionally, professional guides will be there so visitors can learn about the science behind this natural occurrence.(此外，专业导游将会在现场，这样游客可以了解这一自然现象背后的科学知识)”可知，该冒险的特殊之处在于过程中游客可以在专业导游的带领下了解这一自然现象背后的科学知识。故选D。 2．细节理解题。根据The Great Wildebeest (牛羚) Migration: Kenya部分的“During the trip, people will go through the famous Maasai Mara National Reserve. There, a lot of wildebeest, zebras and other antelopes get together and start on a dangerous trip to find better grass.(在旅途中，人们将穿越著名的马赛马拉国家保护区。在那里，大量的角马、斑马和其他羚羊聚集在一起，开始一段寻找更好草地的危险旅程)”可知，在该冒险活动中，游客可以看到很多物种。故选A。 3．细节理解题。根据The Great Monarch Butterfly Migration (帝王蝶大迁徙): Mexico部分中“On 14 January, 2025, a journey that lasts for six days starts.(2025年1月14日，一次为期六天的旅程将开始)”、Yellowstone Wolf and Wildlife Winter Safari: US部分中“This adventure starts on 8 February, 2025 and ends on 15 February.(这次冒险将于2025年2月8日开始，并于2月15日结束)”、The Great Wildebeest (牛羚) Migration: Kenya部分中“On 5 August, 2025, this 6-day adventure starts.(2025年8月5日，这次为期六天的冒险将开始)”及Churchill Polar Bear Exploration: Canada部分中“Although the adventure goes on for only ten days, it will leave a deep impression on everyone who takes part in it.(尽管这次冒险仅持续十天，但它会给每一位参与者留下深刻的印象)”可知，The Great Monarch Butterfly Migration (帝王蝶大迁徙): Mexico为期6天；Yellowstone Wolf and Wildlife Winter Safari: US为期8天；The Great Wildebeest (牛羚) Migration: Kenya为期6天；Churchill Polar Bear Exploration: Canada为期10天。所以持续时间最长的是Churchill Polar Bear Exploration: Canada。故选D。 （三） （24-25高二上·甘肃临夏·期末）When Preeti Maske took up cycling at the age of 40, she had no idea a new hobby would turn into a passion, and then a profession with five Guinness World Records. A surprise first-place victory in a five-km fun run at her children’s school was what first fuelled Maske’s adventurous side. In school, Maske played national-level hockey (曲棍球) and basketball at a state level, but after marriage and motherhood, sports were firmly in her past. However, the podium (领奖台) finish at her children’s school refreshed her competitive spirit.“Many women in their 40s feel like their dreams have been crashed,” says the mother of two. “Maybe I felt this more keenly and it showed.” It was a cycling organization from Kashmir to Kanyakumari — down the length of the country — that made Maske take up cycling seriously. She kept improving and training, but being one of the few women in the group came with its own challenges. “Keeping up with male riders was tough,” she says. “I was slower, but when I caught up with them, whenever they said, ‘let’s go’, I would say, ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been resting for a while.” Among her cycling partners, Maske is known never to complain — even pushing herself after a fall or an accident. Maske set her first Guinness world record in 2022, cycling from Manali to Leh, in55 hours and seven minutes. Her latest cycling milestone took her from Bhutan to India through Nepal, a journey of 1,803 km in 10 days, 18 hours and 40 minutes. As for what’s next, Maske has her eyes set on cycling from India to Singapore via Myanmar. Picking up on this persistent desire to challenge herself, she got the nickname “the extreme lady” from her daughter. Maske’s plans make it clear she’s bent on proving her daughter right. 1．What first motivated Preeti Maske’s spirit of adventure? A．Passion for cycling. B．Desire for a profession. C．Aim for world records. D．Winning in a fun run. 2．What can we infer about Maske’s life before marriage? A．She was only focused on cycling. B．She taught her children at home. C．She was highly involved in sports. D．She had no interest in any competition. 3．What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about? A．Her difficulties and attitude. B．Her training methods. C．Her cycling records. D．Her cycling peers. 4．Why does the author mention Maske’s plan? A．To show her pursuit of challenges. B．To tell the achieved goals in India. C．To break more records in cycling. D．To prove her daughter’s wrong idea. 【答案】1．D 2．C 3．A 4．A 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，文章介绍了Preeti Maske在40岁时开启骑行路，创造了多项吉尼斯世界纪录，欲从印度经缅甸骑往新加坡，女儿称其为“极限女士”，她以行动证明此名不虚。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第一段“A surprise first-place victory in a five-km fun run at her children’s school was what first fuelled Maske’s adventurous side.(在她孩子的学校举行的5公里趣味赛跑中，她意外获得第一名，这首先激发了她冒险的一面)”可知，在她孩子们学校的五千米趣味跑中意外获得第一名，这首次激发了Preeti Maske的冒险精神。所以D 选项正确。文章提到她最初开始骑自行车的时候只是当作一个新爱好，并不是一开始就有对骑自行车的热情，所以A选项不符合；文中没有提及想要把骑自行车当作一个职业的欲望促使她开始认真骑车，她是在后来才将爱好转变为职业的，所以B选项错误；她开始骑自行车的时候没有以打破世界纪录为目标，这是在她后来骑车过程中逐渐达成的成就，不是最初促使她认真骑车的原因，所以C选项也不对。故选D。 2．推理判断题。文章第二段“In school, Maske played national-level hockey (曲棍球) and basketball at a state level, but after marriage and motherhood, sports were firmly in her past.(在学校里，她打过国家级的冰球和国家级的篮球，但在结婚生子后，她坚定地放弃了体育运动)”提到在学校时，Preeti Maske参加国家级曲棍球比赛和州级篮球比赛，这说明在婚前她大量参与体育运动。所以C选项正确。A选项，婚前她参与多种运动并非仅专注于自行车；B选项，婚前还未生育，不可能在家里教孩子；D选项，参加比赛说明她对竞争有兴趣。故选C。 3．主旨大意题。根据第三段中“She kept improving and training, but being one of the few women in the group came with its own challenges. “Keeping up with male riders was tough,” she says. “I was slower, but when I caught up with them, whenever they said, ‘let’s go’, I would say, ‘let’s go’ — even though they had been resting for a while.” Among her cycling partners, Maske is known never to complain — even pushing herself after a fall or an accident.(她一直在进步和训练，但作为小组中为数不多的女性之一，她也面临着挑战。她说：“跟上男骑手的步伐很难。”“我跑得比较慢，但是当我赶上他们的时候，每当他们说‘我们走’的时候，我就会说‘我们走’——即使他们已经休息了一会儿。”在她的自行车伙伴中，大家都知道她从不抱怨——即使在摔倒或发生事故后也会强迫自己)”可知，该段着重描述了Preeti Maske和男性骑行者一起骑行时面临的困难，比如很难跟上他们的速度，因为她速度较慢，不过她有着积极的态度，即便面对这些难题也从不抱怨。第三段主要聚焦在她所遇到的困难以及对待困难的态度上，所以选项A正确。故选A。 4．推理判断题。作者在文章最后一段中“As for what’s next, Maske has her eyes set on cycling from India to Singapore via Myanmar. Picking up on this persistent desire to challenge herself, she got the nickname “the extreme lady” from her daughter. Maske’s plans make it clear she’s bent on proving her daughter right.(至于接下来要做什么，她的目标是从印度骑自行车，途经缅甸到新加坡。继承了这种不断挑战自我的愿望，她从女儿那里得到了“极限女士”的绰号。Maske的计划表明，她决心证明女儿是对的)”提及她未来的骑行计划，是为了凸显她一直有着挑战自我的强烈愿望，并且一心想要证明女儿给她取的“极限女士”的昵称是名副其实的，也就是通过不断接受新的、有难度的挑战来展现她的决心和对新挑战的渴望，所以选项A正确。故选A。 （四） （2024·山东济宁·模拟预测）In March, 5-year-old Wynn Radke of Minnesota came home from preschool with no idea that she wouldn’t return for months because of COVID-19. Once the realization and boredom set in, her mom Colleen challenged her to think of a goal to work toward that involved an outdoor activity. Wynn wasted no time and shouted, “67 waterfalls!” While the number was random, her mom loved the idea so much that she agreed to help the little one on her quest. The lovely pair’s first adventure took place on March 28, 2020 at Fairy Falls, and it was amazing! From there, they continued hiking to different waterfalls, documenting their progress as they inched closer and closer to their goal. Both Colleen and Wynn took their quest seriously. In fact, they traveled all over Minnesota and into Wisconsin to track down new locations, even camping overnight to reach some places. Originally, Colleen said the challenge was simply a way to get Wynn outside instead of just watching YouTube all  day. But it ended up being something therapeutic for them to do during the  struggles 2020 has brought to their family. Between Wynn missing her friends and Colleen losing her job, the waterfall visits have helped a lot. “I think it kept both of our minds off it,” Colleen added. “She could feel my stress during everything. I also think that it helped protect her from all the craziness going on. In addition, it was just a really fun time for the two of us to bond and grow and heal together.” It took Wynn and Colleen five months, but they finally reached Winnewissa Falls — their 67th waterfall — in August. Upon reaching her goal, Wynn announced, “I did it!” And she wasn’t the only one who was delirious. When she returned to school, her friends and teachers welcomed her with celebratory balloons. For her wonderful mom, the adventure was less about the  milestones and more about the time they spent together. “We had so much fun doing us, being us, and camping,” she said. 1．Why did Wynn and Colleen decide to have the adventure? A．To do something meaningful. B．To ease the burden of schoolwork. C．To complete the school assignments. D．To avoid getting infected with COVID-19. 2．What do we know about Wynn and Colleen during their adventure? A．They nearly gave up their plan. B．They shared their progress with their friends. C．They talked about their worries and problems. D．They challenged the limits of their physical abilities. 3．What did this journey really mean to Colleen? A．It brought the joy of success. B．It was a milestone in her life. C．It was a real test of willpower. D．It deepened her relationship with Wynn. 4．What does the underlined word “delirious” in the last paragraph mean? A．Exhausted. B．Brave. C．Excited. D．Depressed. 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。去年三月，明尼苏达州的5岁女孩Wynn Radke因为冠状病毒疫情而停学。她的妈妈让她想出一个目标，并朝着这个目标努力，Wynn要去探寻67个瀑布，妈妈表示赞同，并帮助她完成了这一目标。 1．细节理解题。根据第一段的第二句“Once the realization and boredom set in, her mom Colleen challenged her to think of a goal to work toward that involved an outdoor activity.(一旦意识到这一点并感到无聊，她的妈妈科琳就向她提出挑战，要求她想出一个涉及户外活动的目标)”和第二段的最后一句“Originally, Colleen said the challenge was simply a way to get Wynn outside instead of just watching YouTube all day.(科琳最初表示，这项挑战只是让韦恩出去走走，而不是整天看 YouTube)”可知，Wynn因为冠状病毒疫情而停学，她的妈妈不想让她整天待在家里看视频，于是让Wynn设定目标，并与她一起完成，也就是她妈妈想让她做一些有意义的事。故选A。 2．推理判断题。根据第二段的倒数第二句“In fact, they traveled all over Minnesota and into Wisconsin to track down new locations, even camping overnight to reach some places. (事实上，他们走遍了明尼苏达州并进入威斯康星州寻找新地点，甚至过夜露营以到达某些地方)”可知，为了寻找新的地点，她们走遍了明尼苏达州和威斯康星州，甚至在一些地方露营过夜。由此推知，她们挑战了体能的极限。故选D。 3．推理判断题。根据第三段Colleen说的话““I think it kept both of our minds off it,” Colleen added. “She could feel my stress during everything. I also think that it helped protect her from all the craziness going on. In addition, it was just a really fun time for the two of us to bond and grow and heal together.”(“我认为这让我们都不再去想它，”科琳补充道。“她在任何事情上都能感受到我的压力。我还认为这有助于保护她免受所有疯狂的影响。此外，对于我们两个来说，这真是一段非常有趣的时光，可以让我们建立联系、一起成长、一起治愈。”)”及最后一段的“For her wonderful mom, the adventure was less about the milestones and more about the time they spent together. “We had so much fun doing us, being us, and camping,” she said.(对于她出色的妈妈来说，这次冒险与其说是里程碑，不如说是他们在一起度过的时光。“我们玩得很开心，做我们自己，还有露营，”她说)”可知，Colleen认为这是一段非常有趣的时光，让她们彼此照应，一起成长，这段旅程也加深了她们之间的感情，这对她很重要。故选D。 4．词句猜测题。根据划线单词上文“It took Wynn and Colleen five months, but they finally reached Winnewissa Falls — their 67th waterfall — in August. (Wynn和Colleen花了五个月的时间，终于在 8 月到达了Winnewissa瀑布——她们的第 67 个瀑布)”可知，Wynn和妈妈历经各种磨难，长途跋涉，最终完成了目标，因此，当做到这件事时，她一定很激动。由此可知，划线单词意为“激动的”。故选C。 （五） （24-25高二上·四川雅安·阶段练习）Life can be overwhelming (令人不知所措的), and you’re not alone if you’re struggling. 65% of adults in the United States reported feeling stressed due to current circumstances. This means two-thirds of adults are uncertain about their lives and futures. You may wonder why everything feels so hard. Perhaps you’re comparing yourself to others who don’t seem to be experiencing the same level of stress. However, everyone’s journey is different. Your peers may be facing challenges privately or might be in a different stage of life. It’s best to focus on your own progress rather than comparing yourself to others. Personal challenges also impact how hard life feels. Family issues such as problematic relationships can lead to feelings of loneliness, shame, and jealousy (嫉妒) when you see others with strong familial support. Interpersonal issues such as navigating a break-up or losing a loved one can also make life feel harder. Feeling socially isolated can contribute to a sense of loneliness, which can badly affect health, leading to poor sleep and other issues. Psychological and physical pain further complicates life’s challenges. It’s essential to acknowledge how society factors contribute to these feelings. We’re facing economic disorder, which can be traumatic and make life feel more difficult, Licensed therapist (心理治疗师) Alegria Louise Demeestere emphasizes the importance of looking at systemic causes rather than blaming individuals. Understanding why life feels hard is the first step. When feeling this way, it’s common to feel angry or upset. “Your feeling is trying to tell you something,” says Demeestere. Being curious about your feeling can prevent you from taking it out on others or numbing it through addictions. Facing the feeling directly can use its energy to push you forward past difficulties. 1．Why should we focus on our own progress? A．It is the key to success. B．It helps to reduce anxiety completely. C．Everyone’s journey is different. D．Everyone’s demand is uneven. 2．What can cause feelings of loneliness, shame and jealousy? A．Family matters. B．Interpersonal issues. C．Psychological pain. D．Economic disorder. 3．What’s the meaning of the underlined word “traumatic” in paragraph 4? A．Painful. B．Unexpected. C．Cheerful. D．Memorable. 4．What is mainly emphasized in the last paragraph? A．Living a creative life. B．Looking at systemic causes. C．Seeking out extra support. D．Understanding why life feels hard. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．A 4．D 【导语】本文为一篇议论文，主要讨论了压力和挑战形成的原因以及应对这些感受的策略。 1．细节理解题。根据文章第二段“However, everyone’s journey is different. Your peers may be facing challenges privately or might be in a different stage of life. It’s best to focus on your own progress rather than comparing yourself to others.(然而，每个人的旅程都是不同的。你的同龄人可能私下面临挑战，或者可能处于不同的人生阶段。最好关注自己的进步，而不是拿自己和别人比较)”可知，我们应该专注于自己的进步，因为每个人的旅程都是不同的。故选C。 2．细节理解题。根据文章第三段“Family issues such as problematic relationships can lead to feelings of loneliness, shame, and jealousy (嫉妒) when you see others with strong familial support.(家庭问题，比如有问题的人际关系，当你看到其他人有强大的家庭支持时，会导致孤独、羞耻和嫉妒的感觉)”可知，家庭问题会导致孤独、羞耻和嫉妒的感受。故选A。 3．词义猜测题。根据划线词前文“We’re facing economic disorder(我们正面临经济混乱)”及后文“make life feel more difficult(让生活变得更加困难)”可知，面临经济混乱是痛苦的，会让生活变得更加困难，划线词与painful意思相近，意为“痛苦的”。故选A。 4．主旨大意题。根据文章最后一段“Understanding why life feels hard is the first step.(理解为什么生活如此艰难是第一步)”及全段内容可知，文章最后一段强调了“理解为什么生活如此艰难”是第一步，然后人们才能直面这种感觉。故选D。 （六） （24-25高二上·河南·阶段练习）Doing something challenging takes courage, commitment and willpower. 1 ! Whether it’s finding your dream job, learning a new skill or starting a new wellness routine, you’ll grow and learn along the way. So, step outside of your comfort zone and face the challenge. You’ll learn lessons that can transform your life. It builds your resilience (适应力). When you face something difficult, you can build your resilience. Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that you’re born with. 2 The key: set small, attainable goals that push you a little outside of your comfort zone but still within reach. You’ll gradually see progress and maintain motivation as you work toward self-improvement. 3 . You may not realize how incredible you are until you overcome something difficult. Dealing with a challenge shows your strengths, maybe some you didn’t even know that you had! This self-awareness helps develop a sense of purpose. It also helps improve performance and leads to better decision-making. It teaches you self-confidence. Completing a challenge shows you do have the capability to succeed. In other words, when things get difficult, you have the strength to continue forward, giving you a newfound sense of self-worth. 4 . It helps you learn new skills. If you want to improve your fitness, you challenge your body to become stronger, right? 5 ! Challenging yourself helps you learn new skills that you improve over time with commitment and practice. So find a goal that you feel crazy about. You’ll expand your mind as you learn new information and experience new situations. A．But it’s well worth it B．It develops self-awareness C．It helps you manage stress D．You can also train yourself to become resilient E．That same approach applies to just about anything F．You’ll experience a bad meal in an unfamiliar place G．You’ll carry that confidence as you face future challenges 【答案】1．A 2．D 3．B 4．G 5．E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了做具有挑战性的事情的好处。 1．根据空前“Doing something challenging takes courage, commitment and willpower.(做一些具有挑战性的事情需要勇气，承诺和意志力)”及空后“Whether it’s finding your dream job, learning a new skill or starting a new wellness routine, you’ll grow and learn along the way.(无论是找到你梦想中的工作，学习一项新技能，还是开始一项新的健康计划，你都会在这个过程中成长和学习)”可知，上文指出做一些具有挑战性的事情的困难之处，下文提到这样做的好处。由此推知，虽然做一些具有挑战性的事情有困难，但是它是值得的，会带来好处，A项“但是这很值得”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据空前“Resilience isn’t just a fixed quality that you’re bon with.(适应力不只是你与生俱来的一种固定品质)”及空后“The key: set small, attainable goals that push you a little outside of your comfort zone but still within reach.(关键是：设定小的、可实现的目标，让你稍微走出舒适区，但仍在力所能及的范围内)”可知，上文指出适应力不是与生俱来的，下文提出具体的练习方法。由此推知，空处是说适应力是可以通过练习培养出来的，D项“你也可通过训练让自己有适应力”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据下文“You may not realize how  incredible you are until you overcome something difficult. Dealing with a  challenge shows your strengths, maybe some you didn’t even know that  you had! This self-awareness helps develop a sense of purpose. It also  helps improve performance and leads to better decision-making.(直到你克服了困难，你才会意识到自己是多么的不可思议。应对挑战能显示出你的优势，也许有些是你自己都不知道的！这种自我意识有助于培养目标感。它还有助于提高绩效并导致更好的决策)”可知，本段是关于自我意识，B项“培养自我意识”适合作本段小标题。故选B。 4．根据本段小标题“It teaches you self-confidence.(它教会你自信)”及空前“In other words, when things get difficult, you have the strength to continue forward, giving you a newfound sense of self-worth.(换句话说，当事情变得困难时，你有继续前进的力量，给你一种新的自我价值感)”可知，完成挑战会给你带来自信，G项“你会带着这种信心去面对未来的挑战”承接上文，符合语境，G项中“that confidence”呼应小标题中“self-confidence”，故选G。 5．根据空前“If you want to improve your fitness, you challenge your body to become stronger, right?(如果你想改善你的健康状况，你挑战你的身体让它变得更强壮，对吗？)”及空后“Challenging yourself helps you learn new skills that you improve over time with commitment and practice.(挑战自己可以帮助你学习新的技能，随着时间的推移，你可以通过承诺和实践来提高这些技能)”可知，空处应是一个过渡句，由挑战身体变得更加健康过渡到挑战自身学习新技能，E项“同样的方法几乎适用于任何事情”符合语境。故选E。 （七） 完形填空 （24-25高三上·河北邯郸·期末）During the summer of 2019, I cycled alone from London to Istanbul. This 1 bicycle tour took me 89 days and through 11 countries. However, it was also a (n) 2 journey, which saw me pass through some of Europe’s greatest cities, 3 some amazing people, and witness some of its most beautiful scenery. It’s becoming more and more important for us to think about the impact that 4 can have on our environment. This was the 5 for my bicycle tour: I wanted to find more responsible ways to protect the planet and 6 traveling by plane where possible. I discovered that bicycle touring is one of the most 7 ways to travel, as using nothing but a bicycle and your own pedal (脚踏) power, you can 8 everything you need while covering surprising 9 each day. The 10 of life and the free time I spent just cycling alone gave me a lot of time to 11 . This really helped me to learn a lot about myself. So I’ve managed to 12 a lot of problems from my past and feel that my confidence and independence have 13 . Finally, I arrived in Istanbul with a huge mixture of 14 over the past three months: loneliness, joy, liberation, pride and anxiety. As a result, the journey makes me feel like a 15 person. What a cycling trip to remember! 1．A．amusing B．challenging C．boring D．confusing 2．A．incredible B．awkward C．flexible D．convenient 3．A．recognize B．entertain C．welcome D．meet 4．A．travel B．technology C．climate D．exploration 5．A．strategy B．inspiration C．barrier D．achievement 6．A．enjoy B．finish C．avoid D．practice 7．A．old-fashioned B．well-organized C．up-to-date D．eco-friendly 8．A．purchase B．prepare C．carry D．fetch 9．A．distances B．expense C．messages D．amount 10．A．pressure B．value C．simplicity D．expectation 11．A．rest B．play C．exercise D．think 12．A．get away with B．go on with C．be sensitive to D．be open to 13．A．mixed B．moved C．grown D．lost 14．A．opinions B．emotions C．worries D．memories 15．A．strange B．new C．smart D．lonely 【答案】 1．B 2．A 3．D 4．A 5．B 6．C 7．D 8．C 9．A 10．C 11．D 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者独自骑自行车从伦敦到伊斯坦布尔的旅行经历。 1．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次具有挑战性的自行车旅行花费了我89天，穿越了11个国家。A. amusing有趣的；B. challenging有挑战性的；C. boring无聊的；D. confusing令人困惑的。根据前文的“I cycled alone from London to Istanbul”和后文的“took me 89 days and through 11 countries”可知，作者独自骑自行车从伦敦到伊斯坦布尔，旅行花费89天，穿越了11个国家，所以这是一次有挑战性的旅行。故选B。 2．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：然而，这也是一次不可思议的旅程，我看到了欧洲一些最伟大的城市，遇到了一些令人惊叹的人，并见证了一些最美丽的风景。A. incredible令人难以置信的；B. awkward尴尬的；C. flexible灵活的；D. convenient方便的。根据后文的“pass through some of Europe’s greatest cities, 3   some amazing people, and witness some of its most beautiful scenery”可知，作者看到了很多令人惊叹的景色和人，所以这是一次令人难以置信的旅程。故选A。 3．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. recognize认出；B. entertain娱乐；C. welcome欢迎；D. meet遇见。根据后文的“some amazing people”可知，这里表示作者遇到了一些令人惊叹的人。故选D。 4．考查名词词义辨析。句意：思考旅行对我们的环境可能产生的影响对我们来说变得越来越重要。A. travel旅行；B. technology技术；C. climate气候；D. exploration探索。根据上文“This 1 bicycle tour took me 89 days and through 11 countries”可知，作者谈论的是关于旅行对环境的影响。故选A。 5．考查名词词义辨析。句意：这就是我骑自行车旅行的灵感来源：我想找到更负责任的方式来保护地球，并尽可能避免乘坐飞机。A. strategy策略；B. inspiration灵感；C. barrier障碍；D. achievement成就。根据后文的“I wanted to find more responsible ways to protect the planet”可知，作者骑自行车旅行是为了找到更负责任的方式来保护地球，所以这是他骑自行车的灵感来源。故选B。 6．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. enjoy享受；B. finish完成；C. avoid避免；D. practice练习。根据上文“more responsible ways to protect the planet”和下文“traveling by plane where possible”可知，作者想找到更负责任的方式来保护地球，所以要尽可能避免乘坐飞机。故选C。 7．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我发现自行车旅行是最环保的旅行方式之一，因为除了自行车和你自己的脚踏力量外，你每天可以覆盖令人惊讶的距离，同时携带你所需要的一切。A. old-fashioned老式的；B. well-organized组织良好的；C. up-to-date最新的；D. eco-friendly环保的。根据下文“as using nothing but a bicycle and your own pedal (脚踏) power”可知，骑自行车是环保的旅行方式。故选D。 8．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. purchase购买；B. prepare准备；C. carry携带；D. fetch取来。根据下文“everything you need”可知，作者骑自行车旅行可以携带所需要的一切。故选C。 9．考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. distances距离；B. expense费用；C. messages信息；D. amount数量。根据下文“while covering surprising”可知，作者骑自行车旅行，所以可以覆盖很长的距离。故选A。 10．考查名词词义辨析。句意：生活的简单和独自骑自行车消磨的空闲时间给了我很多思考的时间。A. pressure压力；B. value价值；C. simplicity简单；D. expectation期待。根据下文“of life and the free time I spent just cycling alone”可知，作者独自骑自行车消磨空闲时间，说明生活很简单。故选C。 11．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. rest休息；B. play玩耍；C. exercise锻炼；D. think思考。根据下文的“This really helped me to learn a lot about myself”可知，作者有很多时间思考。故选D。 12．考查动词短语辨析。句意：因此，我设法对过去的许多问题保持开放的态度，并感到我的信心和独立性有所增强。A. get away with逃避惩罚；B. go on with继续做；C. be sensitive to对……敏感；D. be open to对……开放，接受。根据下文“a lot of problems from my past and feel that my confidence and independence”可知，作者对过去的许多问题保持开放的态度，所以感到自己的信心和独立性有所增强。故选D。 13．考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. mixed混合；B. moved移动；C. grown成长，增强；D. lost失去。根据上文“feel that my confidence and independence have”可知，作者觉得自信和独立性增强了。故选C。 14．考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，我抵达伊斯坦布尔，在过去的三个月里，我充满了复杂的情绪：孤独、快乐、解放、自豪和焦虑。A. opinions观点；B. emotions情绪；C. worries担心；D. memories记忆。根据下文的“loneliness, joy, liberation, pride and anxiety”可知，作者抵达伊斯坦布尔，内心充满了复杂的情绪。故选B。 15．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：因此，这次旅行让我觉得自己变成了一个全新的人。A. strange奇怪的；B. new新的；C. smart聪明的；D. lonely孤独的。根据上文“I’ve managed to 12   a lot of problems from my past and feel that my confidence and independence have 13 .”和“loneliness, joy, liberation, pride and anxiety”可知，作者的信心和独立性有所增强，作者经历了不同的情绪，所以觉得自己变成了一个全新的人。故选B。 （八） 语法填空 （24-25高三上·江西·阶段练习）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 China’s 40th Antarctic expedition ended on Wednesday with the Xuelong polar icebreaker returning to Qingdao, Shandong, 1 marked the completion of the expedition. The five-month polar expedition set out from Shanghai in early November and arrived in Antarctica later that month. The Xuelong and Xuelong 2 icebreakers as well as a ship 2 (use) in the mission, carrying more than 460 researchers from over 80 domestic institutions, covering 3 total distance of more than 150,000 kilometers. During the mission, Chinese engineers constructed the Qinling Station, the nation’s 4 (five) scientific outpost in Antarctica. Shaped like the Southern Cross constellation (星座), the 5,244-square-meter station was designed 5 (honor) Zheng He, a mariner or a sailor in the Ming Dynasty. The facility can accommodate 80 people in summer and 30 in winter, being responsible for 6 (it) construction. Engineers used lightweight and high-strength materials to build the station, making it 7 (resistance) to temperatures as low as minus 60 ℃. China had 8 (former) built four research stations in Antarctica. The Qinling Station is the nation's Antarctic research base to be operational around the year, alongside the other two stations both constructed in the late 1980s. In addition to actively 9 (participate) in the construction project, researchers of the 40th expedition conducted investigations into a host of scientific 10 (issue) including the impact of climate change on the Antarctic ecosystem. 【答案】 1．which 2．were used 3．a 4．fifth 5．to honor 6．its 7．resistant 8．formerly 9．participating 10．issues 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章讲述了中国第40次南极科考活动结束，历时五个月，期间建造了南极第五个科学考察站——秦岭站。该站设计独特，旨在纪念明朝航海家郑和，并具备全年运营能力。科考队还调查了包括气候变化对南极生态系统影响在内的多项科学问题。 1．考查定语从句。句意：中国第40次南极科考活动于周三结束，随着“雪龙”号破冰船返回山东青岛，这标志着此次科考活动的圆满完成。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 2．考查动词时态语态。句意：“雪龙”号和“雪龙2”号破冰船以及一艘执行此次任务的船只，载着来自80多家国内机构的460多名研究人员，总航程超过15万公里。陈述过去发生的事情，使用一般过去时，主语和use为被动关系，需用被动语态，主语由as well as连接，遵循就远原则，be动词用were。故填were used。 3．考查冠词。句意同上。a distance of为固定搭配，意为“长达……的距离”，且total发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。 4．考查序数词。句意：在执行任务期间，中国工程师建造了秦岭站，这是中国在南极的第五个科学考察站。表示“第五个”应用序数词fifth。故填fifth。 5．考查非谓语动词。句意：该站占地5244平方米，形状如同南十字星座，设计灵感旨在纪念明朝航海家郑和。be designed to do sth.为固定搭配，意为“目的是，被设计用于”。故填to honor。 6．考查代词。句意：该设施夏季可容纳80人，冬季可容纳30人，并负责其建设。修饰名词construction，需用形容词性物主代词its，作定语。故填its。 7．考查形容词。句意：工程师们使用轻质高强度材料建造空间站，使其能够承受零下60℃的低温。make it adj+to do，为固定用法，空处需填形容词resistant，作宾语补足语。故填resistant。 8．考查副词。句意：中国以前在南极洲建立了四个科考站。修饰动词had built需用副词formerly，作状语。故填formerly。 9．考查非谓语动词。句意：除了积极参与建设项目外，第40次科考队的研究人员还对一系列科学问题进行了调查，包括气候变化对南极生态系统的影响。to为介词，后面接动名词participating作宾语。故填participating。 10．考查名词。句意同上。空处需填名词作宾语，a host of后面接可数名词复数形式。故填issues。 思维素养提升 Task 1写作项目——Write an essay about a story 本单元的写作任务是根据本单元的故事写一篇短评，属于文学评论。文学评论是一种以作家、作品、文学创作等作为评论对象的理论文体。文学评论的作者旨在表达自己对文学作品的理解和认识，对文学作品作出评析，启发和帮助读者提高阅读水平。请选择一篇你感兴趣的阅读语篇，尝试用思维导图绘制出文章脉络吧！ Task 2 请根据下面的提示写一篇短评。 1．欧内斯特·沙克尔顿和他的船员们一起登上了名为“坚忍号”的大船。途中“坚忍号”被冰川困住了，大家弃船后逃到了象岛。沙克尔顿驾船去寻求帮助。最后，尽管困难重重船员们还是活了下来。 2．在这个故事里面船员之间真诚的关心和爱以及他们在困难面前的忍耐力和毅力使我深受鼓舞。 3．从这个故事中我学到了一个道理：无论遇到任何困难，都不要放弃！ 注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 参考范文 This story is about_a_great_expedition_in_history．Ernest Shackleton and his crew went aboard the ship named Endurance.Unfortunately, on the way Endurance became_stuck_in_the_ice，sinking_into_the_ocean ．Having abandoned the ship，they escaped to Elephant Island.Shackleton left them to find help. Finally, the_crew_were_able_to_survive_in_spite_of_so_many_difficulties ．I am_deeply_moved_by_the_concern_and_love_between_them and also inspired by their endurance and perseverance in the face of difficulties.In a word, I have learned that no_matter_what_difficulties_we_meet,_never_give_up ． ( 6 )原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$