精品解析：、内蒙古自治区赤峰市敖汉旗箭桥中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学考试英语试卷

箭桥中学2024-2025下学期开学考试 高三英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目里面的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Ann think of the path chosen? A. Smooth. B. Narrow. C. Scenic. 2. Why is the man making the call? A. To remind the woman of a rainstorm. B. To make work arrangements. C. To have his house repaired. 3. How did the man get there? A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By subway. 4. What’s the weather like at the moment? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 5. What does Lily think of eating raw food? A. Harmful. B. Healthy. C. Strange. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What does the man want to be? A. An actor. B. A film producer. C. A film director. 7. What is the man’s plan after working for some years? A. To seek a new job. B. To move to Los Angeles. C. To pursue a higher degree. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How old are the paintings? A. About 500 years old. B. About 1,000 years old. C. About 17,000 years ol d. 9. What is the man? A. A professor. B. A tour guide. C. A painter. 10. Where are the speakers? A. In a cave. B. In a hotel. C. In a college. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Adriana create? A. A bicycle. B. A computer. C. A generator. 12. How did Adriana get the idea of her project? A. From the Internet. B. From her father. C. From a designer. 13. What was the only problem Adriana faced? A. She lacked fund. B. She was in need of support. C. She couldn’t find suitable materials. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What keeps the woman’s brother from swimming more often? A. Great interest in hanging out. B. High cost of swimming suits. C. Long distance from the beach. 15. Which of the following is true about the woman’s brother? A. He hates swimming. B. He likes skateboarding. C. He is practising surfing. 16. Which item will the woman pay for at last? A. A surfboard. B. A skateboard. C. A swimming suit. 17 What is the conversation mainly about? A. Doing sports. B. Having a race. C. Buying a gift. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. Why did the speaker make the appointment? A. To visit his new neighbour. B. To have his house examined. C. To organize a family outing. 19. What did the speaker fail to do last Monday? A. Call the examiner in advance. B. Charge the man for his service. C. Make the paperwork ready. 20. What does the speaker suggest in the talk? A. Staying energetic at all times. B. Always being prepared. C. Never fearing failure. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A World Health Day The World Health Organization (WHO) was founded on 7 April 1948 to better address global health issues. Every year, the World Health Assembly meets in Geneva in Switzerland to review WHO’s work, set new goals and assign new tasks. The day is celebrated annually on 7 April. World Book Day World Book Day was created on 23 April 1995 by UNESCO, as it is the anniversary of the death of William Shakespeare and of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, the famous Spanish historian. Books have been educating and inspiring people for hundreds of years, and the best way to celebrate this day would be to find the time to do some reading. World Smile Day World Smile Day is celebrated on the first Friday of October every year. The idea was coined and initiated by Harvey Ball, a commercial artist from the US. He is known to have created the Smiley Face in 1963. The day is created for the spreading of simple joy and love to everyone, regardless of race, gender, or geographic location. World Earth Day World Earth Day is an annual event observed on April 22nd to demonstrate support for environmental protection. It serves as a reminder of the importance of taking action to preserve and protect our planet. Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970 and is now celebrated in more than 190 countries worldwide. 1. Which of the four Days is celebrated the earliest annually? A. World Earth Day. B. World Book Day. C. World Smile Day. D. World Health Day. 2. Who created World Smile Day? A. William Shakespeare. B. Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. C. Harvey Ball. D. A famous Spanish historian. 3. Why do people celebrate World Earth Day? A. To solve health problems. B. To protect our planet. C. To spread joy and love. D. To encourage people to read. 【答案】1. D 2. C 3. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是应用文。介绍了四个世界节日。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据World Health Day下的“The day is celebrated annually on 7 April. (每年的4月7日庆祝这一天。)”，World Book Day下的“World Book Day was created on 23 April 1995 by UNESCO, as it is the anniversary of the death of William Shakespeare and of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, the famous Spanish historian. (联合国教科文组织于1995年4月23日设立了世界读书日，因为这一天是威廉·莎士比亚和西班牙著名历史学家印加·加西拉索·德拉维加逝世的纪念日。)”，World Smile Day下的“World Smile Day is celebrated on the first Friday of October every year. (每年10月的第一个星期五是世界微笑日。)”以及World Earth Day下的“World Earth Day is an annual event observed on April 22nd to demonstrate support for environmental protection. (每年的4月22日是世界地球日，以示对环境保护的支持。)”可知，四个节日中，每年最早庆祝的是World Health Day。故选D项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据World Smile Day下的“The idea was coined and initiated by Harvey Ball, a commercial artist from the US. (这个想法是由美国商业艺术家哈维·鲍尔提出的。)”可知，Harvey Ball创立了世界微笑日。故选C项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据World Earth Day下的“World Earth Day is an annual event observed on April 22nd to demonstrate support for environmental protection. It serves as a reminder of the importance of taking action to preserve and protect our planet. Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970 and is now celebrated in more than 190 countries worldwide. (每年的4月22日是世界地球日，以示对环境保护的支持。它提醒我们采取行动保护我们的地球的重要性。世界地球日于1970年首次庆祝，现在全球有190多个国家庆祝。)”可知，人们为了保护我们的星球来庆祝世界地球日。故选B项。 B DonnaJean Wilde, 58-year-old Canadian mother of five and grandmother of 12, has set the new world record for the longest abdominal plank (平板支撑) ever held by a woman after holding the same position for 4 hours, 30 minutes and 11 seconds, surpassing the previous record holder by 10 minutes. She broke age stereotypes and pushed her physical limits to accomplish this incredible achievement. “My elbows hurt badly,” said Wilde, who beat the world record at the high school she worked at as vice principal. “I was so worried about losing my form and I think that’s why my quadriceps (四头肌) hurt because I was on edge in the process.” She said the last hour was the most challenging part, but she was able to overcome it by breathing and staying calm. By doing so, she prevented any trembling or shaking that could have compromised her performance. All 12 of her grandchildren attended the event, which she trained for by planking three hours every day. “I realized that I could read and do things when I was planking and fell in love with it,” she added, noting that she studied for a master’s degree and would sometimes watch movies while training. She said she has been planking for at least ten years already and got into it after she broke her wrist and was unable to run or lift weights for a while. What’s even more impressive about her setting the new world record, though, is that she did it while suffering from transverse myelitis (横贯性脊髓炎). That chronic pain and numbness that she deals with every day has helped her to be able to plank through the pain. “I think the model for someone who has done a world record is officially amazing, but she’s been officially amazing her whole life,” said Randy, her husband. 4. What do we know about Wilde’s achievement of abdominal plank? A. She has set a new national record. B. She is the person holding the longest. C. She held it over four and a half hours. D. She beat the last record by 11 seconds. 5. How did Wilde feel throughout the challenge? A. Suspicious. B. Tense. C. Relieved. D. Dismissive. 6. What made Wilde take up abdominal plank? A. Her age. B. Her hobby. C. A competition. D. An injury. 7. What did Randy want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Wilde has always been excellent. B. Wilde is content with the new record. C. The record is surprising for her health. D. The new record is Wilde’s biggest deal. 【答案】4. C 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文，讲述了 58 岁的加拿大女性DonnaJean Wilde打破女子平板支撑时长世界纪录的事迹，她克服重重困难，忍受病痛坚持完成这一令人惊叹的成就，展现出坚韧不拔的精神以及对平板支撑运动的热爱。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第一段“DonnaJean Wilde, 58-year-old Canadian mother of five and grandmother of 12, has set the new world record for the longest abdominal plank (平板支撑) ever held by a woman after holding the same position for 4 hours, 30 minutes and 11 seconds, surpassing the previous record holder by 10 minutes. (唐娜·简·怀尔德，58岁的加拿大母亲，育有五个孩子，12个孙子孙女，以保持同一姿势4小时30分钟11秒的成绩，刷新了女性平板支撑最长世界纪录，比之前的世界纪录保持者多出10分钟)”可知，她进行平板支撑超过了四个半小时，故选C项。 【5题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“I was so worried about losing my form and I think that’s why my quadriceps (四头肌) hurt because I was on edge in the process .(我非常担心姿势变形，我想这就是我的四头肌疼痛的原因，因为在这个过程中我很紧张。)”可知，Wilde在整个挑战过程中是紧张的，on edge意思是“紧张不安”，与tense意思相近，故选B项。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章第三段“She said she has been planking for at least ten years already and got into it after she broke her wrist and was unable to run or lift weights for a while. (她说她已经做平板支撑至少十年了，是在她手腕骨折，有一段时间不能跑步或举重之后开始做的。)”可知，是受伤让她开始进行平板支撑这项运动的，故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章最后一段“I think the model for someone who has done a world record is officially amazing, but she’s been officially amazing her whole life (我认为创造世界纪录的人从某种程度上来说确实很了不起，但她这一生一直都很了不起)”可知，Randy想要传达的是Wilde一直以来都是很优秀的，故选A项。 C What do you get when you paint a pair of eyes on a cow’s rump (臀部)? The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. The eyes painted on cows’ rumps can trick certain predators, such as lions and leopards. An experiment by Australia and Botswana compared how predators reacted to herds that had eye paintings on their rumps, ones that had “xs”, and some without any paintings at all. Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. Neil Jordan, a biologist in Australia, first came up with the method. While watching a lion hunting a deer, he noticed something interesting. “Lions usually move slowly and quietly to their prey, get close and jump on them. But when the deer noticed the lion and the lion realized it had been seen, it gave up on the hunt,” he said. Later, he worked with a local farmer to test his idea over a period of 10 weeks, and like the most recent results, all of the cows with painted eyes survived. Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. Therefore, further research should be done to prove whether it is effective. In spite of this, he’s still hoping that the “i-cow” will become a widely used technique to at least reduce predator’s attacks. “I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” 8. What is “i-cow” solution intended for? A. Protecting cows from being attacked. B. Leading predators to the farm. C. Training cows to notice predators. D. Recognizing cows quickly. 9. What do we know about the experiment in paragraph 2? A. Most of the unpainted cows were killed. B. The cows with “eyes” on the rump survived. C. A small number of cows with “xs” survived. D. More than twenty painted cows were killed. 10. What might be a cause of the “i-cow” solution’s failing to work? A. Predators perceive the tricks. B. Predators get close to the cows. C. There is more than one predator. D. The farmers lack basic painting skills. 11. Why does Dr. Jordan think that farmers will favor his method? A. It is a widely recognized approach. B. It follows their traditional practice. C. It is easy and cheap to carry out. D. It has proved the most effective. 【答案】8. A 9. B 10. A 11. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一种名为“i-cow”的简单方法，这种方法通过在奶牛的臀部上画眼睛来吓跑捕食者，如狮子和豹子，并展示了实验结果，证明这种方法有效减少了捕食者的攻击。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. (答案是你会得到一种吓跑捕食者的方法。这个简单的把戏被称为“i-cow”解决方案)”可知，这个解决方案是为了保护奶牛免受攻击。故选A项。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. (在四年的时间里，研究人员发现，835头没有画上眼睛的奶牛中有15头被捕食者杀死，543头画上“xs”的奶牛中有4头死亡，但683头在臀部画上眼睛的奶牛中，每一头都还活着)”可知，在实验中，那些臀部上画着“眼睛”的奶牛活了下来。故选B项。 【10题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. (尽管取得了积极的结果，Jordan博士说，这种方法并不是一个可靠的解决方案。他说，如果农民在所有奶牛的背上都画上眼睛，捕食者可能最终会发现这些眼睛不是真的)”可知，捕食者察觉到这些把戏可能会导致该解决方案不起作用。故选A项。 【11题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中““I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” (“我认为农民们对此很满意，”Jordan博士说。“毕竟，他们所需要的只是一个颜料罐、画笔和一点艺术天赋。”)”可推知，Jordan博士认为农民会喜欢他的方法，是因为它操作简单，成本低廉。故选C项。 D The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world. Neurons are like small pieces of snow: they look the same from a distance but on further inspection it’s clear that no two are exactly alike. By contrast, each cell in an artificial neural network — the technology on which artificial intelligence (AI) is based — is identical, with only their connectivity varying. Despite the speed at which AI technology is advancing, their neural networks do not learn as accurately or quickly as the human brain. Researchers set out to study whether simulating (模拟) the brain by varying neural network cell properties could improve learning in AI. They found that the variability (可变量) in the cells improved their learning and reduced energy consumption. When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning. Dr. Dan Goodman said, “Evolution has given us incredible brain functions, most of which we are only just beginning to understand. Our research suggests that we can learn vital lessons from our own biology to make AI work better for us.” To carry out the study, the researchers focused on adjusting the “time constant” (时间常数) — that is, how quickly each cell decides what it wants to do based on what the cells connected to it are doing. After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings. Current AI systems are far from achieving the level of energy efficiency that the researchers find in biological systems. Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain. 12 What can be learned about neurons from paragraph 1? A. The neurons allow us to learn about the world. B. The human brain is made up of billions of neurons. C. The human brain is made to learn quickly by neurons. D. The neurons are like small pieces of snow in the shape. 13. What can be inferred about learning in AI? A. It is as effective as biological systems. B. It is more efficient than the human brain. C. It consumes less energy than the human brain. D. It performs best with the right amount of variability. 14. Why did researchers adjust the “time constant”? A. To simplify the complicated real-world tasks. B. To record the networks’ energy consumption. C. To help the network process slow and fast information. D. To enhance the networks’ performance in complex tasks. 15. What will the researchers focus on in the near future? A. The values of AI networks. B. The functions of human brains. C. The efficiency of AI networks. D. The evolution of human brains. 【答案】12. B 13. D 14. D 15. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了研究人员开始研究通过改变神经网络细胞特性来模拟大脑是否可以提高人工智能的学习能力。解释了研究开展的经过以及发现。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world.(人类的大脑由数十亿个被称为神经元的细胞组成，这些细胞通过庞大的“神经网络”连接起来，使我们能够了解世界)”可知，人类的大脑由数十亿个神经元组成。故选B。 【13题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段“When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning.(当他们改变模拟网络中可变性的数量时，他们发现表现最好的网络与大脑中看到的可变性数量相匹配，这表明大脑可能已经进化到具有最佳学习能力的适当数量的可变性)”可知，在适当的可变性下，人工智能的学习表现得最好。故选D。 【14题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings.(在改变细胞的时间常数后，他们给网络分配了一些任务：对衣服和手写数字的图像进行分类，识别人类的手势，识别语音数字和命令。结果表明，通过允许网络结合慢速和快速信息，它能够更好地解决更复杂的现实环境中的任务)”可知，研究人员要调整“时间常数”是为了提高神经网络在复杂任务中的表现。故选D。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段“Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain.(接下来，他们将有兴趣研究如何减少这些网络的能量消耗，使人工智能网络更接近于像大脑一样高效地运行)”可知，研究人员接下来将关注如何降低这些网络的能量消耗，使 AI 网络更接近大脑的高效运行，即关注 AI 网络的效率，故选C。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Test anxiety exists and is a common problem among students. ___16___ . When you’re stressed and anxious during an exam, your mind has a tendency to go completely blank. Here are some tips on how to reduce or overcome test anxiety. Get to know the material First, you need to know the topic of the exam. ___17___ . Knowing as much as possible about the material can get you ready for the test. As to any exam, learn your material thoroughly. Memorize what needs to be memorized and understand what needs to be understood. Slow down and calm yourself ___18___ . So when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping to answer the questions, relax first to get your mind to work. Wait for the class to settle down before you start answering. Saying a few words of encouragement and conscious breathing can help you calm yourself down. ___19___ If you have an hour for an exam, try to consume every second of that hour in answering the best possible choice. There are no rewards for finishing first! Silence unwanted pressures Believe it or not, chances are that other students can be a source of major anxiety during the test. Seeing them cramming (恶补), telling you what you need to remember and what might show up in the exam will affect your preparation. Get past through the negative and unwanted thoughts and remind yourself of how well you know about the topic. Avoid speaking with any fellow classmates who are not prepared and who express negativity. ___20___ . A Dare to be the first B. Budget and consume your time C. A sound sleep may help you ease the test anxiety D. They might destroy all that you have prepared for E. Anyone taking an exam experiences some level of anxiety F. Rushing through a test can make you read the questions and choices incorrectly G. Also, find out how many questions there would be on the test and the required time for it 【答案】16. E 17. G 18. F 19. B 20. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了如何应对考试焦虑。 【16题详解】 上文“Test anxiety exists and is a common problem among students. (考试焦虑是学生普遍存在的问题)”提到考试焦虑在学生群体中是一个普遍存在的问题，E选项“任何参加考试的人都会有一定程度的焦虑”对上文进行进一步说明，表示这个问题的普遍性。故选E项。 【17题详解】 由小标题“Get to know the material (了解材料)”可知本段的主旨是要了解考试材料内容，再根据上文“First, you need to know the topic of the exam. (首先，你需要知道考试的题目)”推知，空处应陈述还应注意的问题，G选项“此外，要弄清楚试卷上设置了多少问题以及规定的时间”和设空前的句子呈并列关系，且符合本段主旨。故选G项。 【18题详解】 由小标题“Slow down and calm yourself (放慢速度，让自己平静下来)”可知本段提出的建议是考试时不要着急，要静下心来，F选项“匆忙地完成考试会使你读错问题和选项”用反例表明了匆忙地完成考试的不良后果，也与下文“So when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping to answer the questions, relax first to get your mind to work. (因此，当考试开始时，与其立即匆忙回答问题，不如先放松一下，让你的大脑开始工作)”呈因果关系。故选F项。 【19题详解】 该空选取小标题，需总结下文。由下文“If you have an hour for an exam, try to consume every second of that hour in answering the best possible choice. There are no rewards for finishing first! (如果你有一个小时的考试时间，试着用这一小时的每一秒来回答尽可能好的选择。第一名没有奖励！)”可知，该段谈论的是考试时要做好时间的安排，充分利用好时间，B选项“做好时间预算，运用好时间”切合语境。故选B项。 【20题详解】 由上文“Believe it or not, chances are that other students can be a source of major anxiety during the test. (信不信由你，在考试期间，其他学生很可能会成为主要焦虑的来源)”和“Avoid speaking with any fellow classmates who are not prepared and who express negativity. (避免与任何没有准备和表达消极情绪的同学交谈)”可知，作者不建议学生在考试期间接触无准备和消极情绪的同学，该空应该说明为什么这样建议的原因，D选项“他们可能会毁掉你所准备的一切”切合语境。故选D项。 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The year was 1956. My husband and I moved from St. Louis to Fort Worth, Texas with our nine-month-old baby, Pam. He had a job there, and his family ___21___ close by as well. We found a lovely ____22____ and settled in quickly. Everything went smoothly. One freezing cold morning, I headed for the Laundromat (自助洗衣店). I ____23____ the engine of our 1953 Chevy to warm up the car and put Pam in her car ____24____, which was in the front seat then. I ____25____ the door without a second thought. Then I put the basket of laundry in the back and locked the other door. ___26___, I realized I had locked the keys and my ____27____ in the car and locked myself out. I immediately went into ____28____ There was nobody around. My neighbors had both gone to work. What was worse, there were no cell phones at that age to ____29____ my husband. As I looked up the street, I saw a red Ford pickup _____30_____. The driver _____31_____ the pickup when he saw me crying and waving my hands. The man on the passenger side of the truck _____32_____ immediately. After a brief conversation, he said in a comforting voice, “I have a car just like this one; let me see if my _____33_____ will open the door.” Magically, it _____34_____! I have told so many people that God was the _____35_____ in a red Ford pickup in October 1956. 21. A. appeared B. worked C. lived D. wandered 22. A. apartment B. bakery C. foundation D. institution 23. A. took on B. put on C. turned on D. focused on 24. A. bed B. basket C. spot D. seat 25. A. opened B. locked C. closed D. fixed 26. A. Originally B. Eventually C. Suddenly D. Occasionally 27. A. phone B. handbag C. son D. baby 28. A. excitement B. panic C. relief D. surprise 29. A. contact B. blame C. attack D. attract 30. A. following B. distancing C. approaching D. passing 31. A. sped B. shouted C. overlooked D. stopped 32. A. got off B. paid off C. put off D. took off 33. A. sound B. key C. password D. fingerprint 34. A. failed B. broke C. lost D. worked 35. A. passenger B. neighbor C. employer D. firefighter 【答案】21. C 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. B 26. C 27. D 28. B 29. A 30. C 31. D 32. A 33. B 34. D 35. A 【解析】 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在搬到新的地方后的一次经历。在一个寒冷的早上，作者不小心将车钥匙和孩子锁在了车里，周围没有任何能帮助她的人。就在作者感到十分着急时，突然开来了一辆红色的福田，里面的乘客帮作者摆脱了困境，故作者认为上帝就是红色福田里的那个乘客。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他在那里有一份工作，他的家人也住在附近。A. appeared出现；B. worked工作；C. lived生活；D. wandered想知道。根据上文“He had a job there”以及下文“ We found a lovely ____2____ and settled in quickly”可推知，此处指他的家人也住在附近。故选C项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们找到了一套漂亮的公寓，很快就住了下来。A. apartment公寓；B. bakery面包店；C. foundation地基，基础；D. institution机构，团体。根据下文“settled in quickly”可知，找到了一套漂亮的公寓，很快就住了下来。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我启动了我们1953年雪佛兰的引擎，让车暖和起来，把帕姆放在她的汽车座椅上，那是在前座上。A. took on呈现；B. put on穿上；C. turned on打开；D. focused on集中。根据下文“to warm up the car”可知，作者启动了他们1953年雪佛兰的引擎。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我启动了我们1953年雪佛兰的引擎，让车暖和起来，把帕姆放在她的汽车座椅上，那是在前座上。A. bed床；B. basket篮子；C. spot地点；D. seat座位。根据下文“in the front seat”可知，作者把孩子放在她的汽车座椅上。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我想都没想就把门锁上了。A. opened打开；B. locked锁上；C. closed关闭； D. fixed修理。根据下文“locked”可知，作者锁上了门。故选B项。 【26题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到我把钥匙和孩子锁在车里了，也把自己锁在了外面。A. Originally原始地；B. Eventually最终；C. Suddenly突然地；D. Occasionally偶尔地。根据下文“realized I had locked the keys and my ____7____ in the car and locked myself out.”可知，这是作者突然意识到的问题。故选C项。 【27题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然，我意识到我把钥匙和孩子锁在车里了，也把自己锁在了外面。A. phone手机；B. handbag手提包；C. son儿子； D. baby婴儿。根据上文“nine-month-old baby”可知，孩子被锁在了车内。故选D项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我立刻陷入恐慌，周围一个人也没有。A. excitement兴奋；B. panic恐慌；C. relief宽慰；D. surprise惊讶。根据下文“There was nobody around.”可知，作者开始恐慌。故选B项。 【29题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：更糟糕的是，那个年代没有手机可以联系我的丈夫。A. contact联系；B. blame责备；C. attack袭击； D. attract吸引。根据上文“The year was 1956”可知，那个年代通讯不发达，所以没有手机可以联系自己的丈夫。故选A项。 【30题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我朝街上望去，看见一辆红色的福特皮卡向我驶来。A. following跟随；B. distancing疏远，远离；C. approaching接近；D. passing通过。根据下文“The driver ____11____ the pickup when he saw me crying and waving my hands.”可知，一辆红色的福特皮卡向作者驶来。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：司机看到我哭着挥手，就把车停了下来。A. sped加速；B.shouted喊叫；C. overlooked忽视；D. stopped停止。根据下文“when he saw me crying and waving my hands.”可知，司机把车停了下来。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：坐在卡车副驾驶座的那个人立刻下了车。A. got off下车；B. paid off回报；C. put off推迟；D. took off脱下。根据下文“After a brief conversation”可知，副驾驶座的那个人立刻下了车。故选A项。 【33题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他安慰地说:“我有一辆和这辆车一模一样的车;让我看看我的钥匙能不能把门打开。A. sound声音；B. key钥匙；C. password密码； D. fingerprint指纹。根据下上文“I have a car just like this one”可知，同款车钥匙可能相同。故选B项。 【34题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：神奇的是，它奏效了!。A. failed失败；B. broke打破；C. lost丢失；D. worked工作，奏效。根据上文“Magically”可知，钥匙奏效了，打开了自己的车。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉过很多人，1956年10月，上帝是一辆红色福特皮卡上的乘客。A. passenger乘客；B. neighbor邻居；C. employer雇主；D. firefighter消防员。根据上文“The man on the passenger”可知，作者认为坐在副驾驶上的乘客是上帝。故选A项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On October 18, world leaders came together in Beijing for an eye-catching forum to celebrate the____36____(ten) anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. The forum was considered ___37___(extreme) important in building the Belt and Road. Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech at the opening. He said that over the past 10 years, plans of Belt and Road cooperation ___38___(turn) into real projects. He also ___39___(say) that China would take eight major steps to support high-quality Bel t and Road cooperation, including green development and the advance of science and technology. So far, the Belt and Road Initiative has become the world’s ___40___(large) platform for international cooperation. By June 2023, China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international organisations ___41___(build) the Belt and Road. Over 3,000 cooperation projects have been started in the past 10 years, one of ____42____is the China-Laos Railway. It was put into use in December 2021, ___43___(help) Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia. “Bel t and Road cooperation was suggested ___44___ China but its fruits are for the world to share,” President Xi Jinping said. There is no doubt that the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to make ____45____ great difference to the world in the future. 【答案】36. tenth 37. extremely 38. had been turned 39. said 40. largest 41. to build 42. which 43. helping 44. by 45. a 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。为庆祝“一带一路”倡议提出十周年，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加备受瞩目的第三届“一带一路”国际合作高峰论坛。文章简要回顾了十年来“一带一路”的影响和成果。 【36题详解】 考查序数词。句意：10月18日，世界各国领导人齐聚北京，参加一个引人注目的论坛，庆祝“一带一路”倡议提出十周年。提示词作定语，表示“第十”，用序数词tenth。故填tenth。 【37题详解】 考查副词。句意：论坛被认为对“一带一路”建设至关重要。提示词修饰形容词important，用副词extremely作状语，意为“极度，非常”。故填extremely。 【38题详解】 考查动词时态语态。句意：他说，10年来，“一带一路”合作的规划已经变成了实实在在的项目。分析句子可知，动词短语turn...into(使变成)是宾语从句中谓语，与主语plans之间是被动关系，主句是一般过去时态，结合从句中时间状语over the past 10 years可知，从句中应使用过去完成时态，表示从“过去的过去”持续到“过去”的动作。综上，谓语应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been turned。 【39题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：他还表示，中国将采取包括绿色发展和科技进步在内的八项重大举措，支持高质量的“一带一路”合作。分析句子可知，say(说)是主语谓语动词，与主语He之间是主动关系，根据上下文可知，讲述过去的事情，用一般过去时态。故填said。 【40题详解】 考查形容词最高级。句意：迄今为止，“一带一路”倡议已成为世界上最大的国际合作平台。提示词作定语，结合句意和句中“the world’s”可推知，表示世界上“最大的”国际合作平台，用形容词最高级。故填largest。 【41题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：截至2023年6月，中国已与152个国家和32个国际组织合作共建“一带一路”。根据句意，“(build) the Belt and Road”是“China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international organisations”的目的，用不定式作目的状语。故填to build。 【42题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：10年来，两国共开展了3000多个合作项目，中老铁路就是其中之一。分析句子可知，空格处单词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词projects，指物，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作介词宾语，应使用关系代词which引导该从句。故填which。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：它于2021年12月投入使用，帮助老挝成为东南亚交通便利的国家。“(help) Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia”作结果状语，help是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语 It(即the China-Laos Railway)之间是主动关系，用现在分词表主动。故填helping。 【44题详解】 考查介词。句意：“一带一路”合作是中国倡议，但成果是世界共享。句中使用了被动语态，China是施动者，由介词by引出。故填by。 【45题详解】 考查冠词。句意：毫无疑问，“一带一路”倡议在未来将继续对世界产生巨大影响。make a difference是固定短语，意为“产生影响”， great发音以辅音音素开头。故填a。 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是校英语俱乐部的部长李华，目前高三同学们的压力大， 晚上经常熬夜学习，导致白天精神状态不佳，学习效率低。请你针对这一现象，在社团活动中发言， 内容包括： 1．该现象及你的看法； 2．你的建议和理由； 3．你的鼓励和祝福。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear classmates, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 【答案】Dear classmates, I’m greatly honoured to make a short speech today. Recently I have found that many classmates study late into the night. As a result, they often cannot help falling asleep in class during the day. And some classmates even develop a bad eating habit, which will surely do harm to their health. As is known to all, it’s extremely important for us students to have enough sleep and a proper diet. We must make wise use of our time, and develop a good eating habit. Only in this way can we keep fit and study well. I hope you will develop a great learning habits and make great progress in your study. Thank you for listening! 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。目前高三同学们的压力大， 晚上经常熬夜学习，导致白天精神状态不佳，学习效率低。要求英语俱乐部的部长李华针对这一现象，在社团活动中发言。 【详解】1.词汇积累 荣幸的： honoured→privileged 结果：as a result→ as a consequence 对……有害：do harm to→ be bad for 培养：develop→ foster 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：I’m greatly honoured to make a short speech today. 拓展句：It is greatly honoured for me to make a short speech today. 【点睛】【高分句型1】And some classmates even develop a bad eating habit, which will surely do harm to their health.（运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】Recently I have found that many classmates study late into the night.（运用了that引导宾语从句） 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The lunch bell rang and the class rushed to get in line. But Kojo stayed at his desk to make sure that he was last. “Come on!” “Hurry up!” His classmates called and Kojo finally fell in place as they made their way down the hall to the cafeteria (食堂). Kojo’s classmates carried cool-looking lunch bags: fashionable, colorful, zippered bags containing all kinds of delights and delicacies. Instead, he carried an old one given by his grandma. Kojo dragged his feet, his head hung down and his lunch bag hung behind. During lunch, Kojo cautiously sat at a table with his new classmates. He unzipped his lunch bag and slowly pulled out his lunch — some traditional dishes from his grandmother’s kitchen. As he opened the container, a classmate across the table burst into laughter, pointing at the lunch bag. Kojo’s cheeks turned red with embarrassment as he quickly zipped up his lunch bag, feeling a wave of shame wash over him. He wished he could disappear. Later that day, feeling upset, Kojo returned home. His grandmother noticed his depression and sat down beside him. “What’s troubling you, my boy?” she asked gently. As he explained what happened in the day, her eyes softened with understanding. She opened the lunch bag and gently traced its worn fabric. “You know, Kojo,” she began, her voice filled with warmth, “this lunch bag carries more than just your lunch. It carries our family’s history. Your grandfather and his father used this very bag to carry their lunches, too. It has seen generations of men in our family working hard and taking pride in who they are.” Kojo listened with interest. His grandmother continued detailing stories from their family’s past, about the traditions passed down through time. Each tale celebrated their culture and the unique dishes that had made their family. With each story, his embarrassment began to fade, replaced by a newfound appreciation for his heritage. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: That night, Kojo decided to share with his classmates the history of his lunch bag. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When he finished, the classroom erupted into applause. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: Paragraph 1: That night, Kojo decided to share with his classmates the history of his lunch bag. The following day, he asked his teacher for a chance to share the stories that had been passed down to him. The day came soon. Standing in front of his classmates, he felt a mix of excitement and nerves. His heart raced, and it felt like his mind was in overdrive. But he gathered his courage and began to speak. As he talked about the lunch bag and the family traditions it represented, his classmates listened attentively. Their expressions shifted from curiosity to genuine respect. Paragraph 2: When he finished, the classroom erupted into applause. Instead of ridicule, Kojo felt a sense of acceptance. He had turned what once made him feel ashamed into a source of pride. His classmates began to share their own cultural experiences, initiating a broader conversation about the importance of celebrating their differences. From that day on, Kojo carried more than food in his worn bag; he carried the pride of his heritage. He learned fitting in did not mean losing oneself, but rather embracing and sharing the unique threads that weave the rich tapestry of life. 【解析】 【导语】本文以时间为线索展开，讲述了Kojo在学校因携带祖母给的旧午餐袋而受到同学的嘲笑，感到非常失落。回家后，Kojo向祖母诉说学校发生的事，祖母讲述了这个午餐袋承载着家族历史和传统，Kojo听后对家族传统产生新的敬意。之后，Kojo分享了家族历史和传统，最终赢得了同学们的尊重和理解。通过这次经历，Kojo学会了珍视自己的文化背景，并认识到融入社会并不意味着失去自我，而是要拥抱和分享彼此的独特性。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“那天晚上，Kojo决定和同学们分享他的午餐袋的历史”可知，第一段可描写Kojo请求老师让自己和同学们分享自己午餐袋的历史，在分享前Kojo既紧张又兴奋，分享时同学们专注地听着。 ②由第二段首句内容“当他讲完时，教室里爆发出掌声”可知，第二段可描写Kojo感受到大家的接纳，同学们受此启发也变得更加包容，以及Kojo从这件事中得到的收获。 2. 续写线索：Kojo决定分享午餐袋的历史——分享前Kojo的心理活动——分享时同学们的反应——爆发掌声——Kojo被接纳，启发更多同学——Kojo的收获 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①谈论：talk about/discuss/speak about ②代表：represent/symbolize/stand for ③转变：shift/change/transform ④意味着：mean/imply 情绪类 ①兴奋：excitement/thrill/exhilaration ②感到不好意思的：ashamed/abashed/embarrassed 【点睛】[高分句型1] The following day, he asked his teacher for a chance to share the stories that had been passed down to him. (that引导限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] He had turned what once made him feel ashamed into a source of pride. (what引导宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 箭桥中学2024-2025下学期开学考试 高三英语试题 考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分 注意事项： 1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号、考场号和座位号填写在答题卡上。用2B铅笔将试卷类型填涂在答题卡相应位置上。将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角“条形码粘贴处”。 2.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上对应题目里面的答案信息点涂黑;如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。 3.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上;如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案;不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 4.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 听力(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分) 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. What does Ann think of the path chosen? A. Smooth. B. Narrow. C. Scenic. 2. Why is the man making the call? A. To remind the woman of a rainstorm. B. To make work arrangements. C. To have his house repaired. 3. How did the man get there? A. By plane. B. By bus. C. By subway. 4. What’s the weather like at the moment? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Windy. 5. What does Lily think of eating raw food? A. Harmful. B. Healthy. C. Strange. 第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分) 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟：听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间，每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What does the man want to be? A. An actor. B. A film producer. C. A film director. 7. What is the man’s plan after working for some years? A. To seek a new job. B. To move to Los Angeles. C. To pursue a higher degree. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. How old are the paintings? A. About 500 years old. B. About 1,000 years old. C. About 17,000 years ol d. 9. What is the man? A. A professor. B. A tour guide. C. A painter. 10. Where are the speakers? A. In a cave. B. In a hotel. C. In a college. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What did Adriana create? A. A bicycle. B. A computer. C. A generator. 12. How did Adriana get the idea of her project? A. From the Internet. B. From her father. C. From a designer. 13. What was the only problem Adriana faced? A. She lacked fund. B. She was in need of support. C. She couldn’t find suitable materials. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What keeps the woman’s brother from swimming more often? A. Great interest in hanging out. B. High cost of swimming suits. C. Long distance from the beach. 15. Which of the following is true about the woman’s brother? A. He hates swimming. B. He likes skateboarding. C. He is practising surfing. 16. Which item will the woman pay for at last? A. A surfboard. B. A skateboard. C. A swimming suit. 17. What is the conversation mainly about? A. Doing sports. B. Having a race. C. Buying a gift. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18 Why did the speaker make the appointment? A. To visit his new neighbour. B. To have his house examined. C. To organize a family outing. 19. What did the speaker fail to do last Monday? A. Call the examiner in advance. B. Charge the man for his service. C. Make the paperwork ready. 20. What does the speaker suggest in the talk? A. Staying energetic at all times. B. Always being prepared. C. Never fearing failure. 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A World Health Day The World Health Organization (WHO) was founded on 7 April 1948 to better address global health issues. Every year, the World Health Assembly meets in Geneva in Switzerland to review WHO’s work, set new goals and assign new tasks. The day is celebrated annually on 7 April. World Book Day World Book Day was created on 23 April 1995 by UNESCO, as it is the anniversary of the death of William Shakespeare and of Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, the famous Spanish historian. Books have been educating and inspiring people for hundreds of years, and the best way to celebrate this day would be to find the time to do some reading. World Smile Day World Smile Day is celebrated on the first Friday of October every year. The idea was coined and initiated by Harvey Ball, a commercial artist from the US. He is known to have created the Smiley Face in 1963. The day is created for the spreading of simple joy and love to everyone, regardless of race, gender, or geographic location. World Earth Day World Earth Day is an annual event observed on April 22nd to demonstrate support for environmental protection. It serves as a reminder of the importance of taking action to preserve and protect our planet. Earth Day was first celebrated in 1970 and is now celebrated in more than 190 countries worldwide. 1. Which of the four Days is celebrated the earliest annually? A. World Earth Day. B. World Book Day. C. World Smile Day. D. World Health Day. 2. Who created World Smile Day? A. William Shakespeare. B. Inca Garcilaso de la Vega. C. Harvey Ball. D. A famous Spanish historian. 3. Why do people celebrate World Earth Day? A. To solve health problems. B. To protect our planet. C. To spread joy and love. D. To encourage people to read. B DonnaJean Wilde, 58-year-old Canadian mother of five and grandmother of 12, has set the new world record for the longest abdominal plank (平板支撑) ever held by a woman after holding the same position for 4 hours, 30 minutes and 11 seconds, surpassing the previous record holder by 10 minutes. She broke age stereotypes and pushed her physical limits to accomplish this incredible achievement. “My elbows hurt badly,” said Wilde, who beat the world record at the high school she worked at as vice principal. “I was so worried about losing my form and I think that’s why my quadriceps (四头肌) hurt because I was on edge in the process.” She said the last hour was the most challenging part, but she was able to overcome it by breathing and staying calm. By doing so, she prevented any trembling or shaking that could have compromised her performance. All 12 of her grandchildren attended the event, which she trained for by planking three hours every day. “I realized that I could read and do things when I was planking and fell in love with it,” she added, noting that she studied for a master’s degree and would sometimes watch movies while training. She said she has been planking for at least ten years already and got into it after she broke her wrist and was unable to run or lift weights for a while. What’s even more impressive about her setting the new world record, though, is that she did it while suffering from transverse myelitis (横贯性脊髓炎). That chronic pain and numbness that she deals with every day has helped her to be able to plank through the pain. “I think the model for someone who has done a world record is officially amazing, but she’s been officially amazing her whole life,” said Randy, her husband. 4. What do we know about Wilde’s achievement of abdominal plank? A. She has set a new national record. B. She is the person holding the longest. C. She held it over four and a half hours. D. She beat the last record by 11 seconds. 5. How did Wilde feel throughout the challenge? A. Suspicious. B. Tense. C. Relieved. D. Dismissive. 6. What made Wilde take up abdominal plank? A Her age. B. Her hobby. C. A competition. D. An injury. 7. What did Randy want to convey in the last paragraph? A. Wilde has always been excellent. B. Wilde is content with the new record. C. The record is surprising for her health. D. The new record is Wilde’s biggest deal. C What do you get when you paint a pair of eyes on a cow’s rump (臀部)? The answer is that you’ll get an approach to scaring predators (捕食者) away. This simple trick is called the “i-cow” solution. The eyes painted on cows’ rumps can trick certain predators, such as lions and leopards. An experiment by Australia and Botswana compared how predators reacted to herds that had eye paintings on their rumps, ones that had “xs”, and some without any paintings at all. Over a four-year period, researchers found that 15 out of the 835 unpainted cows were killed by predators, 4 of the 543 cows with “xs” died, but every single one of the 683 animals with eye paintings on their rumps was still alive. Neil Jordan, a biologist in Australia, first came up with the method. While watching a lion hunting a deer, he noticed something interesting. “Lions usually move slowly and quietly to their prey, get close and jump on them. But when the deer noticed the lion and the lion realized it had been seen, it gave up on the hunt,” he said. Later, he worked with a local farmer to test his idea over a period of 10 weeks, and like the most recent results, all of the cows with painted eyes survived. Despite the positive results, Dr. Jordan says the method isn’t a sure solution. He says if farmers painted eyes on the backsides of all their cows, predators might finally figure out that the eyes aren’t real. Therefore, further research should be done to prove whether it is effective. In spite of this, he’s still hoping that the “i-cow” will become a widely used technique to at least reduce predator’s attacks. “I think the farmers are just happy with this,” Dr. Jordan says. “After all, all they need is a paint pot, paint brush and a little bit of artistic talent.” 8. What is “i-cow” solution intended for? A. Protecting cows from being attacked. B. Leading predators to the farm. C. Training cows to notice predators. D. Recognizing cows quickly. 9. What do we know about the experiment in paragraph 2? A. Most of the unpainted cows were killed. B. The cows with “eyes” on the rump survived. C. A small number of cows with “xs” survived. D. More than twenty painted cows were killed. 10. What might be a cause of the “i-cow” solution’s failing to work? A. Predators perceive the tricks. B. Predators get close to the cows. C. There is more than one predator. D. The farmers lack basic painting skills. 11 Why does Dr. Jordan think that farmers will favor his method? A. It is a widely recognized approach. B. It follows their traditional practice. C. It is easy and cheap to carry out. D. It has proved the most effective. D The human brain is made up of billions of cells called neurons (神经元), which are connected by vast “neural networks” that allow us to learn about the world. Neurons are like small pieces of snow: they look the same from a distance but on further inspection it’s clear that no two are exactly alike. By contrast, each cell in an artificial neural network — the technology on which artificial intelligence (AI) is based — is identical, with only their connectivity varying. Despite the speed at which AI technology is advancing, their neural networks do not learn as accurately or quickly as the human brain. Researchers set out to study whether simulating (模拟) the brain by varying neural network cell properties could improve learning in AI. They found that the variability (可变量) in the cells improved their learning and reduced energy consumption. When they changed the amount of variability in the simulated networks, they found that the ones that performed best matched the amount of variability seen in the brain, suggesting that the brain may have evolved to have just the right amount of variability for best possible learning. Dr. Dan Goodman said, “Evolution has given us incredible brain functions, most of which we are only just beginning to understand. Our research suggests that we can learn vital lessons from our own biology to make AI work better for us.” To carry out the study, the researchers focused on adjusting the “time constant” (时间常数) — that is, how quickly each cell decides what it wants to do based on what the cells connected to it are doing. After varying the cells’ time constants, they gave the network jobs: to classify images of clothing and handwritten digits, to recognize human gestures, and to identify spoken digits and commands. The results show that by allowing the network to combine slow and fast information, it was better able to solve tasks in more complicated, real-world settings. Current AI systems are far from achieving the level of energy efficiency that the researchers find in biological systems. Next, they will be interested in looking at how to reduce the energy consumption of these networks to get AI networks closer to performing as efficiently as the brain. 12. What can be learned about neurons from paragraph 1? A. The neurons allow us to learn about the world. B. The human brain is made up of billions of neurons. C. The human brain is made to learn quickly by neurons. D. The neurons are like small pieces of snow in the shape. 13. What can be inferred about learning in AI? A. It is as effective as biological systems. B. It is more efficient than the human brain. C. It consumes less energy than the human brain. D. It performs best with the right amount of variability. 14. Why did researchers adjust the “time constant”? A. To simplify the complicated real-world tasks. B. To record the networks’ energy consumption. C. To help the network process slow and fast information. D. To enhance the networks’ performance in complex tasks. 15. What will the researchers focus on in the near future? A. The values of AI networks. B. The functions of human brains. C. The efficiency of AI networks. D. The evolution of human brains. 第二节(共5小题;每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Test anxiety exists and is a common problem among students. ___16___ . When you’re stressed and anxious during an exam, your mind has a tendency to go completely blank. Here are some tips on how to reduce or overcome test anxiety. Get to know the material First, you need to know the topic of the exam. ___17___ . Knowing as much as possible about the material can get you ready for the test. As to any exam, learn your material thoroughly. Memorize what needs to be memorized and understand what needs to be understood. Slow down and calm yourself ___18___ . So when the test starts, rather than immediately jumping to answer the questions, relax first to get your mind to work. Wait for the class to settle down before you start answering. Saying a few words of encouragement and conscious breathing can help you calm yourself down. ___19___ If you have an hour for an exam, try to consume every second of that hour in answering the best possible choice. There are no rewards for finishing first! Silence unwanted pressures Believe it or not, chances are that other students can be a source of major anxiety during the test. Seeing them cramming (恶补), telling you what you need to remember and what might show up in the exam will affect your preparation. Get past through the negative and unwanted thoughts and remind yourself of how well you know about the topic. Avoid speaking with any fellow classmates who are not prepared and who express negativity. ___20___ . A. Dare to be the first B. Budget and consume your time C. A sound sleep may help you ease the test anxiety D. They might destroy all that you have prepared for E. Anyone taking an exam experiences some level of anxiety F Rushing through a test can make you read the questions and choices incorrectly G. Also, find out how many questions there would be on the test and the required time for it 第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 The year was 1956. My husband and I moved from St. Louis to Fort Worth, Texas with our nine-month-old baby, Pam. He had a job there, and his family ___21___ close by as well. We found a lovely ____22____ and settled in quickly. Everything went smoothly. One freezing cold morning, I headed for the Laundromat (自助洗衣店). I ____23____ the engine of our 1953 Chevy to warm up the car and put Pam in her car ____24____, which was in the front seat then. I ____25____ the door without a second thought. Then I put the basket of laundry in the back and locked the other door. ___26___, I realized I had locked the keys and my ____27____ in the car and locked myself out. I immediately went into ____28____ There was nobody around. My neighbors had both gone to work. What was worse, there were no cell phones at that age to ____29____ my husband. As I looked up the street, I saw a red Ford pickup _____30_____. The driver _____31_____ the pickup when he saw me crying and waving my hands. The man on the passenger side of the truck _____32_____ immediately. After a brief conversation, he said in a comforting voice, “I have a car just like this one; let me see if my _____33_____ will open the door.” Magically, it _____34_____! I have told so many people that God was the _____35_____ in a red Ford pickup in October 1956. 21. A. appeared B. worked C. lived D. wandered 22. A. apartment B. bakery C. foundation D. institution 23. A. took on B. put on C. turned on D. focused on 24 A. bed B. basket C. spot D. seat 25. A. opened B. locked C. closed D. fixed 26. A. Originally B. Eventually C. Suddenly D. Occasionally 27. A. phone B. handbag C. son D. baby 28. A. excitement B. panic C. relief D. surprise 29. A. contact B. blame C. attack D. attract 30. A. following B. distancing C. approaching D. passing 31. A. sped B. shouted C. overlooked D. stopped 32. A. got off B. paid off C. put off D. took off 33. A. sound B. key C. password D. fingerprint 34. A. failed B. broke C. lost D. worked 35. A. passenger B. neighbor C. employer D. firefighter 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 On October 18, world leaders came together in Beijing for an eye-catching forum to celebrate the____36____(ten) anniversary of the Belt and Road Initiative. The forum was considered ___37___(extreme) important in building the Belt and Road. Chinese President Xi Jinping gave a speech at the opening. He said that over the past 10 years, plans of Belt and Road cooperation ___38___(turn) into real projects. He also ___39___(say) that China would take eight major steps to support high-quality Bel t and Road cooperation, including green development and the advance of science and technology. So far, the Belt and Road Initiative has become the world’s ___40___(large) platform for international cooperation. By June 2023, China had worked together with 152 countries and 32 international organisations ___41___(build) the Belt and Road. Over 3,000 cooperation projects have been started in the past 10 years, one of ____42____is the China-Laos Railway. It was put into use in December 2021, ___43___(help) Laos become a country with easy transport in Southeast Asia. “Bel t and Road cooperation was suggested ___44___ China, but its fruits are for the world to share,” President Xi Jinping said. There is no doubt that the Belt and Road Initiative will continue to make ____45____ great difference to the world in the future. 第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分) 第一节(满分15分) 46. 假定你是校英语俱乐部的部长李华，目前高三同学们的压力大， 晚上经常熬夜学习，导致白天精神状态不佳，学习效率低。请你针对这一现象，在社团活动中发言， 内容包括： 1．该现象及你的看法； 2．你的建议和理由； 3．你的鼓励和祝福。 注意：1．词数80左右； 2．可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 Dear classmates, ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Thank you for your listening! 第二节(满分25分) 47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 The lunch bell rang and the class rushed to get in line. But Kojo stayed at his desk to make sure that he was last. “Come on!” “Hurry up!” His classmates called and Kojo finally fell in place as they made their way down the hall to the cafeteria (食堂). Kojo’s classmates carried cool-looking lunch bags: fashionable, colorful, zippered bags containing all kinds of delights and delicacies. Instead, he carried an old one given by his grandma. Kojo dragged his feet, his head hung down and his lunch bag hung behind. During lunch, Kojo cautiously sat at a table with his new classmates. He unzipped his lunch bag and slowly pulled out his lunch — some traditional dishes from his grandmother’s kitchen. As he opened the container, a classmate across the table burst into laughter, pointing at the lunch bag. Kojo’s cheeks turned red with embarrassment as he quickly zipped up his lunch bag, feeling a wave of shame wash over him. He wished he could disappear. Later that day, feeling upset, Kojo returned home. His grandmother noticed his depression and sat down beside him. “What’s troubling you, my boy?” she asked gently. As he explained what happened in the day, her eyes softened with understanding. She opened the lunch bag and gently traced its worn fabric. “You know, Kojo,” she began, her voice filled with warmth, “this lunch bag carries more than just your lunch. It carries our family’s history. Your grandfather and his father used this very bag to carry their lunches, too. It has seen generations of men in our family working hard and taking pride in who they are.” Kojo listened with interest. His grandmother continued, detailing stories from their family’s past, about the traditions passed down through time. Each tale celebrated their culture and the unique dishes that had made their family. With each story, his embarrassment began to fade, replaced by a newfound appreciation for his heritage. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150个左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: That night, Kojo decided to share with his classmates the history of his lunch bag. _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When he finished, the classroom erupted into applause. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$