专题-S643 选修三 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 完形填空【题型易-考试题型精练】高二下(选择性必修三)英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版2019）

专题-S643完形填空 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江西赣州·阶段练习）Last year, I decided to explore Antarctica alone. To get some experience, I 1 for a two-week training course. I learned all the 2 : how to camp in the snow and what clothing to wear. In October, I flew to Antarctica from Punta Arenas. I’d planned to finish the adventure within 70 days, which would make it the longest 3 one-way exploration across Antarctica. I just took such basic 4 as food and clothing, and set off alone. The first few days were 5 . The wind was as fast as about 60 mph, and my sled weighed more than 120 kg. Even if the visibility (能见度) was good, I couldn’t 6 much-it’s white everywhere. I was on the move for 13 to 15 hours a day. Then, the conditions became even worse. During the last 40 hours, the wind blew so hard that I 7 about 14 times every two hours. After I 8 922 miles, I felt too weak and had to ask for a helicopter to pick me up. The 9 I felt when I saw the helicopter in the distance was unbelievable. Although I fell more than 100 miles short of my 10 , I am proud of what I’ve 11 . After the trip, I have realized that it’s 12 to change our initial goals. I don’t 13 with those who insist on conquering (征服) somewhere. Instead, I think we should treat places with 14 and hope they’ll allow us 15 passage. 1. A．pulled over B．signed up C．calmed down D．struggled on 2. A．basics B．words C．risks D．details 3. A．successful B．disapproved C．romantic D．unsupported 4. A．devices B．incomes C．necessities D．skills 5. A．pleasant B．peaceful C．tough D．warm 6. A．talk B．feel C．hear D．see 7. A．fell down B．went out C．looked away D．gave in 8. A．missed B．covered C．measured D．searched 9. A．amusement B．relief C．anger D．fear 10. A．vision B．supply C．goal D．courage 11. A．achieved B．ignored C．dreamed D．planned 12. A．regrettable B．difficult C．inappropriate D．acceptable 13. A．talk B．argue C．compete D．agree 14. A．respect B．force C．doubt D．pleasure 15. A．short B．safe C．dark D．legal Passage 2 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）I have been afraid of heights since young. In my middle school there was a training program called “The Leap of Faith”. Students had to climb a ladder to a platform (平台) 11 meters above the ground and then 1 the platform and grab a swing. I was 2 like a leaf before I took the first step. I climbed up and, when I got to the top, I was so 3 that I felt faint. I literally couldn’t 4 My teacher, who was standing below, suggested that 5 jumping off the platform, I just sit on the edge and then slide down. I sat there for 10 minutes and finally, with the 6 of my classmates, I slid down crying the whole way. I heard two boys 7 me behind my back. I was so hurt. Over the next two weeks, I jumped off steps and swung on the rope. I wanted so badly to 8 that I could do it, and I wanted to 9 the guys who had laughed at me. Two weeks later in a PE class I 10 jumped off the platform. I have never felt so 11 of myself. Sometimes situations are 12 , but that doesn’t mean it is impossible to deal with them. People will doubt you, but 13 is the best revenge (报复) for them. When you attain your goals, you’ll feel a great sense of 14 . So, keep dreaming and don’t let your 15 get in the way. 1. A．jump off B．lift up C．lie on D．turn over 2. A．dancing B．falling C．shaking D．rolling 3. A．thrilled B．frightened C．confused D．disappointed 4. A．speak B．see C．think D．move 5. A．except for B．instead of C．as well as D．just like 6. A．laughter B．comfort C．encouragement D．scream 7. A．reminding B．blaming C．calling D．teasing 8. A．prove B．respond C．claim D．admit 9. A．make fun of B．get back at C．get rid of D．catch up with 10. A．suddenly B．accidentally C．unwillingly D．successfully 11. A．ashamed B．certain C．proud D．nervous 12. A．scary B．complex C．dangerous D．urgent 13. A．smile B．action C．argument D．confidence 14. A．belonging B．responsibility C．achievement D．safety 15. A．fear B．selfish C．laziness D．regret Passage 3 （23-24高二下·山西吕梁·阶段练习）Urquhart finished running 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica, setting the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region. Australian Urquhart is an 1 marathon runner. But running on Antarctica’s Union Glacier 2 Urquhart to a wholly different challenge. “No female had 3 this before,” she says. Urquhart spent 10 months preparing for the challenge, turning to some 4 training methods. A container company 5 her to put a treadmill (跑步机) in a refrigerated storage unit and run for hours each weekend, while she also 6 with an automotive parts company to train inside an industrial wind tunnel. The 7 Urquhart faced in Antarctica were numerous. She had to fight through temperatures as low as -20℃ and winds as 8 as 50 miles per hour — moments in which Antarctica lived up to its 9 as the coldest, windiest and driest place on the Earth. Urquhart would 10 stumbled (绊倒) as she struggled to put one foot in front of the other. She would usually wear four layers but had to 11 her body temperature while running. Happily, Urquhart’s body soon 12 to the physical rigors (严酷) of running 30 miles each day. A huge 13 has been formed behind her run in Antarctica. “It was actually showing what females are 14 of doing and that we can push our 15 and explore what seems impossible,” says Urquhart. 1. A．attractive B．experienced C．independent D．ordinary 2. A．admitted B．applied C．exposed D．expanded 3. A．attempted B．evaluated C．appreciated D．enhanced 4. A．simple B．realistic C．unusual D．typical 5. A．allowed B．forced C．begged D．warned 6. A．dealt B．chatted C．agreed D．partnered 7. A．choices B．challenges C．decisions D．secrets 8. A．gentle B．strong C．graceful D．basic 9. A．satisfaction B．guarantee C．glory D．reputation 10. A．frequently B．actually C．purposely D．precisely 11. A．pay attention to B．put up with C．make up for D．get along with 12. A．responded B．compared C．adapted D．related 13. A．policy B．inspiration C．schedule D．objective 14. A．fond B．afraid C．capable D．proud 15. A．researches B．speeds C．paces D．limits Passage 4 （23-24高二下·贵州遵义·期末）My earliest memories involve waiting for my Dad to come home. He would hand me a comb (梳子) and ask me to clean it. I would 1 brush it as hard as possible. When I proudly 2 it to Dad, he would smile. At five, this 3 task brought me such joy. Later, Dad left his job and started a business. That was when our 4 life started getting shaky. Dad’s business wasn’t doing well. So he always come home 5 , and I’d already been asleep. I became mad and 6 waiting for his returning. Now 28, I’ve got my own job. Dad’s business got 7 . Things are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between us 8 . One day, Dad came home early and said, “Hey, would you like to clean my comb?” I looked at him for a while, and then took it to the 9 . It hit me then: why, as a(n) 10 , cleaning his comb was such a joy. That 11 meant my dad was home to spend the 12 with me. I passed the clean comb back to Dad. Again, he smiled. But this time, I noticed something 13 . My father had aged. He had 14 next to his eyes, yet his smile was still 15 — the smile of a father just wanting a good life for his family. 1. A．nervously B．angrily C．excitedly D．gratefully 2. A．awarded B．returned C．introduced D．delivered 3. A．simple B．secret C．urgent D．official 4. A．aimless B．stable C．colorful D．dull 5. A．fast B．peacefully C．late D．naturally 6. A．admitted B．stopped C．risked D．imagined 7. A．up to speed B．to the surface C．in the way D．back on track 8. A．remained B．settled C．counted D．transformed 9. A．drawer B．cupboard C．sink D．bathtub 10. A．adult B．businessman C．child D．servant 11. A．routine B．performance C．memory D．promise 12. A．weekend B．festival C．holiday D．evening 13. A．different B．familiar C．ridiculous D．mysterious 14. A．tears B．wrinkles C．scars D．spots 15. A．bitter-sweet B．eye-catching C．care-free D．heart-warming Passage 5 （22-23高二下·黑龙江牡丹江·期末）When I was a small child, I believed wholeheartedly in magic. I was 1 to the remarkable Harry Potter books. With 2 , I could dig deeply into the magical world and explore my fantasies. Sad though it may seem, I wasn’t ashamed of being 3 . I was confident that I would soon receive my envelope 4 me into Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. So I waited 5 , sometimes planning what I would do once I was unmasked to be a wizard (巫师). As you’re probably predicting, the 6 happened. The year came and went when I was supposed to 7 the invitation. With the 8 of that letter came the loss of all of my hope. And I had to leave behind that dead dream. The world was ordinary and dull. Filled with a bit of 9 , I continued my life. And soon, the dream 10 my mind. However, as I grew up in a world with no spells (魔咒) or flying broomstick, I realized something. Magic did 11 . Maybe it didn’t appear in the form that I had 12 while reading the Harry Potter series, but it was 13 there. It surprised me every time I looked outside at the great moon and the stars. It 14 me in the form of loyal friends or caring family. It said hello as I burst into tears feeling extreme kindness or 15 . Magic was joy. Magic was love. Magic was hope. So I became childish once again. For magic is real, and magic is everywhere. 1. A．used B．equal C．exposed D．addicted 2. A．potential B．compromise C．imagination D．courage 3. A．nervous B．aimless C．innocent D．creative 4. A．admitting B．flying C．bouncing D．knocking 5. A．anxiously B．hopelessly C．cautiously D．deliberately 6. A．unfair B．unavoidable C．unexpected D．impossible 7. A．refuse B．send C．write D．receive 8. A．disappearance B．arrival C．prohibition D．release 9. A．happiness B．indifference C．determination D．doubt 10. A．slipped B．controlled C．repaired D．ruined 11. A．spread B．exist C．fade D．matter 12. A．promised B．pictured C．shared D．witnessed 13. A．rarely B．nearly C．instantly D．definitely 14. A．forgave B．scared C．comforted D．puzzled 15. A．affection B．prejudice C．sorrow D．friction 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）Cheng Jing, a 46-year-old Chinese woman, recently lost her grandmother, but for the last 13 years of her life, she tried her best to make the old woman believe that her daughter was still 1 . Jing’s mother had died in 2003, but considering that letting her grandmother know the news would 2 her, she didn’t want to 3 it and decided to employ someone to 4 her mother’s voice and 5 grandma regularly to avoid 6 the old woman’s heart. Jing’s mother, Cheng Congrong, and her grandmother had always been very 7 . Knowing that she developed cancer and didn’t have much time to live, Congrong 8 dozens of voice messages and asked her children to play them back to their grandmother so she wouldn’t be 9 about her. Cheng Jing 10 her mother’s last wish and after her death, she kept playing the recordings. Cheng Jing soon realized it was only a matter of 11 before her grandmother realized the messages were pre-recorded. Then she made the 12 . After hearing Cheng Jing’s story and feeling 13 for the old woman, Chen Weiping decided to help. Weiping would call the old woman as often as she could, offering all sorts of 14 as to why she couldn’t come visit her. Cheng Jing and Weiping 15 to hide the truth for 13 years until the old woman passed away. 1. A．wealthy B．famous C．alive D．safe 2. A．embarrass B．destroy C．comfort D．bother 3. A．risk B．miss C．repeat D．believe 4. A．raise B．copy C．recognize D．change 5. A．attend B．visit C．treat D．phone 6. A．breaking B．winning C．touching D．following 7. A．generous B．sensitive C．smart D．close 8. A．received B．sent C．recorded D．conveyed 9. A．curious B．worried C．disappointed D．particular 10. A．forgot B．expressed C．respected D．ignored 11. A．time B．choice C．concern D．fact 12. A．decision B．mistake C．difference D．contribution 13. A．anxious B．guilty C．sorry D．happy 14. A．jokes B．services C．suggestions D．excuses 15. A．failed B．managed C．agreed D．stopped Passage 7 （22-23高二下·广东韶关·期中）I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for. I sat in the car, lost in despair, chewing my lip and staring outside. I went upstairs, 1 and desperate. Grandpa’s door was open for me as usual. There, he was waiting for my 2 with great excitement. I stood silently, forcing a 3 to cover my sadness. He seemed to 4 me immediately, giving me a 5 . I was astonished that such a thin body was full of so much energy. Only then did my emotions start 6 out. I told him that all my 7 were for nothing, and that I was feeling discouraged. Grandpa smiled at me 8 and said, “Don’t worry. You’re far stronger than you think.” Then he 9 “Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and desires, ignoring the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.” He patted me on the shoulder, with a determined look, before saying, “Cheer up. I’m firmly 10 that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness 11 . The next day, I thought about all my problems and 12 a plan. Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure, I’ll 13 reach my goals. Looking back, I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our 14 ones. As my grandpa showed, the 15 of our family members will benefit us forever. 1. A．sweet B．weak C．strong D．simple 2. A．comment B．discovery C．arrival D．suggestion 3. A．sigh B．tear C．signal D．smile 4. A．read B．inspect C．order D．ignore 5. A．hug B．challenge C．wish D．pride 6. A．dying B．turning C．pouring D．checking 7. A．offers B．profits C．efforts D．promises 8. A．suddenly B．gently C．freshly D．generally 9. A．helped B．added C．served D．shared 10. A．convinced B．changed C．expected D．believed 11. A．continue B．arise C．prevent D．disappear８ 12. A．came across B．worked out C．cared about D．turned into 13. A．actually B．eventually C．merely D．instantly 14. A．deserved B．determined C．beloved D．excited 15. A．company B．gratitude C．blame D．support Passage 8 （22-23高二下·吉林白山·期末）That day Bill Price was attending a reunion for a summer program. He remembers standing outside after the reunion, 1 with friends. Eventually, everyone said their 2 —leaving Price standing by himself. “Sometimes when you’re 3 , it’s fine,” Price said. “But sometimes when you’re alone, you feel 4 . And that’s the way I felt then.” Nearby, another group of teenagers stood laughing and 5 . “I found myself wishing so much to be a part of them,” Price 6 . One of the teenagers was a person named Wendy Westman. She and Price had only met in another summer program a few months earlier. As Price stood there, feeling 7 lonely. Westman turned around and 8 him if he’d like to join them. “My life was transformed at that moment,” Price said. Westman’s kindness 9 a realization in Price: He could offer that same 10 to anyone, at any time. “It’s so easy to see someone who seems left out and alone and 11 them, say hello to them, be kind to them,”Price explained. “And I realize that is a gift that everyone can 12 .” Price became a psychiatrist(精神科医生). His job is being kind to his 13 , listening to them and being attentive to their 14 . Price attributes his understanding of the importance of kindness to that 15 . 1. A．catching up B．filling up C．putting up D．ending up 2. A．experiences B．creations C．achievements D．goodbyes 3. A．disappointed B．alone C．confused D．sad 4. A．comforted B．interested C．abandoned D．motivated 5. A．talking B．complaining C．crying D．abusing 6. A．evaluated B．indicated C．remembered D．recited 7. A．suddenly B．regularly C．literally D．increasingly 8. A．hugged B．asked C．recommended D．doubted 9. A．inspired B．designed C．recognized D．admired 10. A．investment B．confidence C．curiosity D．kindness 11. A．appreciate B．cheat C．trap D．notice 12. A．refuse B．give C．make D．reserve 13. A．visitors B．patients C．neighbors D．workmates 14. A．talents B．tips C．needs D．guidelines 15. A．moment B．range C．stage D．decision Passage 9 （22-23高二下·海南·期末）In 1970, Alan Ayers was preparing for a skydiving competition in Gainesville, Florida. It wasn’t the first time he’d jumped out of a 1 , but it was almost his last. Ayers would be jumping out of a Cessna 172, a small four-seat passenger plane. In 2 , the passenger door and front passenger seat were 3 so that they wouldn’t disturb their skydive. However, the passenger side seat belt was still there. Ayers’ teammates jumped first, leaving him and the pilot as the only two people 4 in the plane. It was Ayers’ 5 . But as he stepped out into the air, his 6 got caught in the passenger side seat belt. “I was 7 out of the plane on my back, staring up at the belly of the Cessna, with only my boot 8 to the pilot. I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle (搭扣), but I just couldn’t,” Ayers recalled. Thousands of feet in the air, hanging from the plane, Ayers was 9 . “And what happened next was 10 ,” Ayers said. “The 23-year-old pilot unbuckled her seat belt, bent down, with both hands off the yoke (操纵杆), and 11 my ankle.” Ayers fell away from the plane, opened his chute (降落伞) and landed safely. After landing, he wasn’t able to 12 the pilot and thank her because the plane had flown to another city. But more than 50 years later, she often 13 his mind. “To this day, I can see her two hands 14 the door to unbuckle the belt,” Ayers said. “I owe my life to this person and will always think of her as one of the 15 people imaginable.” 1. A．window B．tower C．plane D．train 2. A．preparation B．comparison C．conclusion D．reward 3. A．repaired B．checked C．decorated D．removed 4. A．surviving B．observing C．remaining D．practicing 5. A．treat B．honor C．turn D．right 6. A．head B．hand C．chest D．foot 7. A．eventually B．completely C．deliberately D．constantly 8. A．visible B．familiar C．appealing D．relevant 9. A．ambitious B．innocent C．impressive D．desperate 10. A．complicated B．incredible C．reasonable D．meaningless 11. A．twisted B．freed C．raised D．cured 12. A．comfort B．pay C．find D．aid 13. A．empties B．crosses C．changes D．records 14. A．reaching out of B．knocking at C．breaking away from D．lifting up 15. A．simplest B．gentlest C．smartest D．bravest Passage 10 （23-24高二下·湖南·阶段练习）In May 1869, John Wesley Powell, a former Union Army major who had lost most of his right 1 in the Battle of Shiloh, led 10 2 in launching four heavy wooden boats loaded to the gunwales with 10 months of supplies. Three of the boats were made of oak, more suitable for cruising lakes than busting through rapids (急流). None of the men were 3 boatmen. The one-armed captain of the crew had maps with gaps in them. 4 , it was the grandest expedition (探险) since Lewis and Clark. Over 500 rapids and 1,000 miles of 5 currents awaited them. Though Powell had boats custom-made for the 6 , they were heavy. He recruited men who knew how to 7 in the wilderness but had never navigated (横越) a river. He packed so much food that it 8 sank the boats from the start. Much of the journey was spent 9 boats damaged while portaging around rapids and carving new oars out of driftwood. Food was lost or spoiled, game was scarce, and Powell went inland to 10 with the Indians for food. The expedition spent days in 11 water and 115-degree heat. Three men deserted the cause along the way. The crew slept on boulders and 12 wet clothing the next morning. And most of the time, they had no idea what lay ahead. But at the end of the arduous journey, they had successfully 13 the challenges and mapped a wilderness previously labeled as “territory unknown.” As the West expanded, Powell’s maps would be 14 . Beauty is in the living of life, in looking beyond the challenges to the 15 of the small moments we achieve — sometimes against all odds. 1. A．leg B．arm C．ear D．finger 2. A．explorers B．soldiers C．heroes D．boatmen 3. A．rude B．greedy C．experienced D．honest 4. A．Still B．Otherwise C．Thus D．And 5. A．remote B．quiet C．unknown D．vast 6. A．trip B．journey C．travel D．tour 7. A．live B．hunt C．hide D．survive 8. A．nearly B．already C．mostly D．never 9. A．making B．handling C．rowing D．repairing 10. A．talk B．discuss C．fight D．negotiate 11. A．shallow B．freezing C．violent D．polluted 12. A．pulled in B．pulled up C．pulled on D．pulled at 13. A．adapted to B．stuck to C．saw to D．got to 14. A．reliable B．priceless C．measurable D．considerable 15. A．strength B．attempt C．position D．wonder 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （23-24高二下·广东佛山·期末）I started stuttering (结巴) at 10 when my father died. I lost confidence when speaking, especially in unfamiliar situations. Science seemed a(n) 1 for me as I assumed that research is done alone and requires little interaction with others. 2 , I soon learned it’s hardly a job for someone afraid to talk. Throughout the course of my doctoral studies, I practiced every talk I had to 3 over and over until I was sure I would not have to think about the contents when presenting. During group meetings, where my familiar workmates already knew about my 4 , I learned to speak up. But in a 5 audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet. If I had question during a talk, I would wait to ask the speaker 6 or just keep it to myself. This all 7 when I moved to a new institution and was asked to start a seminar series. And suddenly I was inviting potential speakers and planning their 8 . I soon realized I could not just sit back and 9 as before, but I was worried that my stutter might trip me up in front of my fellow workers. Anyway, I managed to push that 10 aside and accept the responsibility. The first few talks were quite 11 . As I got more practice week after week, I discovered the 12 went far beyond being a good host. I still 13 sometimes, and I carefully choose my words to 14 my stutter. But I know that facing my 15 has helped me become a better researcher. 1. A．daydream B．mystery C．shelter D．adventure 2. A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Fortunately D．However 3. A．deliver B．write C．organize D．host 4. A．failure B．career C．habit D．problem 5. A．larger B．cleverer C．less attentive D．more enthusiastic 6. A．constantly B．privately C．eagerly D．politely 7. A．happened B．changed C．worked D．failed 8. A．visits B．routes C．research D．deadline 9. A．laugh B．imagine C．listen D．relax 10. A．speech B．relationship C．seminar D．concern 11. A．boring B．smooth C．inspiring D．stressful 12. A．benefits B．responses C．requirements D．expectations 13. A．show off B．lose heart C．hesitate D．wonder 14. A．cure B．hide C．describe D．understand 15. A．words B．fears C．job D．choice Passage 12 （23-24高二下·陕西西安·期末）I found a brown bag outside after our move. “Grass Seed,” it said in big letters. My husband and I 1 the seeds all over the dirty yard in front of our new house. “I have no idea if they will 2 ,” I told him, “but it’s worth a shot.” Just like our 3 to move to the rural Arizona. Near our new house sat a charming cottage, which was 4 to tourists. I got a job offer to 5 the cottage. I’d worked in hotels for years, so when offered the chance, I 6 it. Still, it was a big change. I 7 that it would be a right move. While we waited for our grass to grow — or not — we 8 settled into our new house through our efforts. We made it a cozy home, despite the 9 in the front yard, which was still bare now. Meanwhile, many of the cottage guests became 10 , and I got to know them well. I felt 11 to make their stays memorable. Perhaps I was better at that than 12 . But after a monsoon (季风) swept through, I woke up to a beautiful morning and looked out the window. There was no grass growing in the sunlight. 13 , our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have 14 , just like our new life. And it remains a powerful 15 of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter. 1. A．spread B．sought C．collected D．removed 2. A．remain B．last C．root D．dry 3. A．need B．decision C．intention D．agreement 4. A．given B．introduced C．sold D．rented 5. A．explore B．tend C．advertise D．decorate 6. A．put forward B．tried out C．jumped at D．turned down 7. A．prayed B．decided C．pretended D．understood 8. A．naturally B．gradually C．hardly D．temporarily 9. A．danger B．potential C．uncertainty D．untidiness 10. A．locals B．employers C．gardeners D．regulars 11. A．curious B．grateful C．stressed D．proud 12. A．house renting B．yard cleaning C．grass growing D．house keeping 13. A．Instead B．Otherwise C．Besides D．Therefore 14. A．remembered B．imagined C．designed D．appreciated 15. A．reminder B．memory C．test D．choice Passage 13 （22-23高二下·云南曲靖·阶段练习）“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!” I 1 to my mother as we moved boxes. 2 , going home was not easy because my home was 1,100 miles away. I was born and 3 in Virginia. Virginia was my home, and I never expected that to 4 . Last year, my parents decided to move to my mom’s hometown, New Orleans. Only three months after my parents made the 5 to move, I found myself moving boxes into our new house. My announcement to my mother that I 6 the new environment was mostly due to the fact that I felt like my entire life had been turned upside down. Far away from almost everyone and everything I had ever known, I was 7 . To make matters worse, I was starting high school in two weeks. Starting high school is a scary 8 on its own. I spent my first few months in New Orleans, 9 wanting to go back to Virginia. But after that, I 10 that I had a choice. I could continue missing my old home, or I could start trying to build a new home right here. I 11 the latter. As soon as I stopped giving all my 12 to how much I missed Virginia, I was able to begin accepting the love that local people were giving me. I joined some clubs at school, which gave me the chance to make friends. My neighbors taught me how to cook some local food, and I found a wonderful 13 of neighbors. Overall, I seized every possible opportunity to 14 myself and to rebuild my life. Because of my resilience(适应力) in creating a new home for myself and the 15 that local people have shown to me, home is right here. 1. A．turned B．replied C．announced D．pointed 2. A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Besides 3. A．trained B．fed C．promoted D．raised 4. A．develop B．change C．exist D．continue 5. A．command B．suggestion C．excuse D．decision 6. A．disliked B．missed C．preferred D．imagined 7. A．surprised B．frightened C．delighted D．relieved 8. A．performance B．region C．experience D．presentation 9. A．partly B．badly C．slightly D．hardly 10. A．realized B．remembered C．observed D．complained 11. A．favored B．ignored C．began D．chose 12. A．attention B．patience C．trust D．confidence 13. A．generation B．community C．race D．school 14. A．better B．accept C．judge D．teach 15. A．belief B．freedom C．love D．interest Passage 14 （23-24高二下·广东佛山·期中）If you walk around the Rahway Trail in the South Mountain Reservation of Millburn, New Jersey, you might spot more than plants and creatures. Small fantastic 1 are hidden in the tree trunks and branches—an amazingly lovely sight in this 2 normal-looking forest nowadays. The idea to 3 small wooden houses to the landscape came from Therese Ojibway, who 10 years ago wanted her son, who has autism (自闭症), to have a safe space to 4 in the wilderness. “So she found Rahway Trail and started constructing the houses and leaving 5 decorations here and there for her son,” said Julie Gould, one of the keepers of the trail. The South Mountain Conservancy later noticed the sudden 6 of little houses around the forest. Learning Ojibway’s story, they 7 her to continue building her magical kingdom to what is now known as the Fairy Trail. “She thought this was a (n) 8 way of getting little children like her son into nature, 9 them to use their imaginations and creativity,” said Beth Kelly, another trail keeper. Ojibway and her son moved out of the area a few years ago, but the Fairy Trail 10 . Gould and Kelly were 11 asked to become the “Makers and Keepers” of the trail. The women, along with volunteers, continue to help build little wooden homes for 12 with special needs. “To give these kids 13 houses to live in, most of the homes are made out of 14 elements that can then break down back into the forest. We get 15 when we see the children come here and the kingdom make their day.” 1. A．courts B．houses C．woods D．departments 2. A．obviously B．willingly C．otherwise D．indeed 3. A．add B．deliver C．move D．lift 4. A．recommend B．design C．harvest D．explore 5. A．expensive B．sweet C．strange D．serious 6. A．restoration B．collapse C．appearance D．growth 7. A．permitted B．prepared C．appointed D．preferred 8. A．accurate B．visual C．traditional D．creative 9. A．forcing B．reminding C．stimulating D．begging 10. A．functions B．remains C．survives D．varies 11. A．officially B．occasionally C．unluckily D．illegally 12. A．adults B．makers C．keepers D．kids 13. A．enormous B．secure C．lasting D．firm 14. A．natural B．similar C．familiar D．beautiful 15. A．defeated B．cheated C．rewarded D．supported Passage 15 （2023·辽宁·模拟预测）My mom, who was 95, lived in an assisted living care center in St. Paul, Minnesota. I drove up from Chicago one weekend for a visit. Her eyesight had grown 1 so she couldn’t read the newspapers. Her memory was 2 . But her deep love for us, her four 3 and her grandkids, and of life, still 4 although not so brightly. I told Mom that her hands looked really 5 and asked if she’d like some skin cream. “Sure,” she said. So I rubbed some Jergen’s lotion into her leathery palms and bent fingers, which used to play the piano so 6 . As I did this, she closed her eyes and 7 a deep sigh. “That feels good,” she said. That was the 8 conversation I had with my dear Mom in person. She died two months later. So I’m 9 now, on Mother’s Day, with this picture of her beautiful 95-year-old hands and all the 10 they carried. Those are the hands that 11 me out of the baby bed when I was crying, and that rubbed my neck shoulders when I was an 12 , pimply (长着粉刺的) teenager. Those were the hands that 13 eggs and squeezed orange juice –– all for me and my three brothers and my father. And those were the hands that taught me how to play the piano, in the hope I’d learn how to make music and know its impressive 14 and power. All I know to say this Mother’s Day is the same 15 , inadequate phrase I used to say to her all the time and that I now hear our three kids say to my wife, Carol. “Thanks, Mom.” 1. A．dark B．clear C．cloudy D．rainy 2. A．increasing B．slipping C．developing D．shining 3. A．brothers B．sisters C．sons D．daughters 4. A．fell B．shook C．lost D．burned 5. A．beautiful B．dry C．big D．thin 6. A．skillfully B．quickly C．violently D．loudly 7. A．let out B．drive off C．pick up D．put away 8. A．first B．least C．most D．last 9. A．caught B．occupied C．mixed D．left 10. A．hatred B．pity C．love D．interest 11. A．lifted B．dragged C．threw D．put 12. A．ambitious B．active C．energetic D．anxious 13. A．hatched B．fried C．rolled D．painted 14. A．curiosity B．dullness C．beauty D．difficulty 15. A．long B．wonderful C．light D．simple 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 16 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$专题-S643完形填空 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·江西赣州·阶段练习）Last year, I decided to explore Antarctica alone. To get some experience, I 1 for a two-week training course. I learned all the 2 : how to camp in the snow and what clothing to wear. In October, I flew to Antarctica from Punta Arenas. I’d planned to finish the adventure within 70 days, which would make it the longest 3 one-way exploration across Antarctica. I just took such basic 4 as food and clothing, and set off alone. The first few days were 5 . The wind was as fast as about 60 mph, and my sled weighed more than 120 kg. Even if the visibility (能见度) was good, I couldn’t 6 much-it’s white everywhere. I was on the move for 13 to 15 hours a day. Then, the conditions became even worse. During the last 40 hours, the wind blew so hard that I 7 about 14 times every two hours. After I 8 922 miles, I felt too weak and had to ask for a helicopter to pick me up. The 9 I felt when I saw the helicopter in the distance was unbelievable. Although I fell more than 100 miles short of my 10 , I am proud of what I’ve 11 . After the trip, I have realized that it’s 12 to change our initial goals. I don’t 13 with those who insist on conquering (征服) somewhere. Instead, I think we should treat places with 14 and hope they’ll allow us 15 passage. 1. A．pulled over B．signed up C．calmed down D．struggled on 2. A．basics B．words C．risks D．details 3. A．successful B．disapproved C．romantic D．unsupported 4. A．devices B．incomes C．necessities D．skills 5. A．pleasant B．peaceful C．tough D．warm 6. A．talk B．feel C．hear D．see 7. A．fell down B．went out C．looked away D．gave in 8. A．missed B．covered C．measured D．searched 9. A．amusement B．relief C．anger D．fear 10. A．vision B．supply C．goal D．courage 11. A．achieved B．ignored C．dreamed D．planned 12. A．regrettable B．difficult C．inappropriate D．acceptable 13. A．talk B．argue C．compete D．agree 14. A．respect B．force C．doubt D．pleasure 15. A．short B．safe C．dark D．legal 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. A 8. B 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. D 14. A 15. B 【导语】本文为一篇记叙文，讲述了作者去南极探险的一次经历和对这次经历的感悟。 1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：为了获得一些经验，我报名参加了一个为期两周的培训班。A. pulled over路边停车；B. signed up报名；C. calmed down冷静下来；D. struggled on继续努力。根据“To get some experience”及“for a two-week training course”可知，为了获得去南极探险的经验，作者报名参加培训班。故选B项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我学会了所有的基础知识：如何在雪地里露营，穿什么衣服。A. basics基础；B. words话语；C. risks风险；D. details细节。根据“how to camp in the snow and what clothing to wear”可知，作者参加了培训班，知道了南极探险的所有的基础知识。故选A项。 3. 考查动词，形容词词义辨析。句意：我计划在70天内完成这次冒险，这将是穿越南极洲最长的无人支持的单程探险。A. successful成功的；B. disapproved不赞成的；C. romantic浪漫的；D. unsupported无支持的。根据第一段“I decided to explore Antarctica alone.”及后文“I just took such basic ____4____ as food and clothing, and set off alone.”可知，作者是一个人去的，所以这是一次无他人支持的探险。故选D项。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只带了衣食住行这样的基本必需品，一个人出发了。A. devices设备；B. incomes收入；C. necessities必需品；D. skills技能。根据“as food and clothing”可知，作者戴上了一些必需品，就出发了。故选C项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几天很艰难。A. pleasant愉快的；B. peaceful和平的；C. tough艰难的；D. warm温暖的。根据“The wind was as fast as about 60 mph, and my sled weighed more than 120 kg.”可知，最初的几天是艰难的。故选C项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：即使能见度很好，我也看不清——到处都是白色。A. talk交谈；B. feel感觉；C. hear听到；D. see看到。根据“it’s white everywhere”可知，虽然能见度很好，但是地上都是白色，作者看不清楚。故选D项。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：在过去的40个小时里，风刮得很厉害，我每两个小时就摔倒14次。A. fell down摔倒，倒下；B. went out出去；C. looked away转移目光；D. gave in屈服。根据“the wind blew so hard that”可知，猛烈的风将作者刮倒了14次。故选A项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我走了922英里后，我感到太虚弱了，不得不要求一架直升机来接我。A. missed错过；B. covered走过（一段距离）；C. measured测量；D. searched搜索。根据“922 miles”可知，这是作者走过的路程，用cover。故选B项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我看到远处的直升机时，我感到难以置信的轻松。A. amusement娱乐；B. relief轻松，宽慰；C. anger生气；D. fear恐惧。根据“I felt too weak and had to ask for a helicopter to pick me up”可知，作者实在坚持不下去了，所以让直升机来接，当看到救援来临时，内心是轻松的。故选B项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然我离目标还差100多英里，但我为我所取得的成就感到骄傲。A. vision幻想，视野；B. supply供应；C. goal目标；D. courage勇气。根据上文“After I ____8____ 922 miles, I felt too weak and had to ask for a helicopter to pick me up.”可知，作者已经走了922英里，叫了直升机救援，因此，此处表示离目标还差100英里。故选C项。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：虽然我离目标还差100多英里，但我为我所取得的成就感到骄傲。A. achieved获得；B. ignored忽视；C. dreamed梦想；D. planned计划。根据上文“After I ____8____ 922 miles”及“I am proud of what I’ve”可知，作者已经走了922英里，对自己获得的成就感到骄傲。故选A项。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这次旅行之后，我意识到改变我们最初的目标是可以接受的。A. regrettable后悔的；B. difficult困难的；C. inappropriate不合适的；D. acceptable可接受的。根据“to change our initial goals”并结合上文作者在走了922英里坚持不下去，决定改变计划，寻求救援可知，在这次探险后，作者意识到改变最初的目标是可以接受的。故选D项。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不同意那些坚持要征服某个地方的人。A. talk交谈；B. argue争论；C. compete竞争；D. agree同意。根据前文“After the trip, I have realized that it’s ____12____ to change our initial goals.”及“those who insist on conquering (征服) somewhere”可知，作者改变了探险计划，因此，不同意那些坚持要征服某个地方的人。故选D项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：相反，我认为我们应该尊重这些地方，希望它们能让我们安全通过。A. respect尊敬，尊重；B. force力，自然力；C. doubt怀疑；D. pleasure乐趣。根据上文“During the last 40 hours, the wind blew so hard that I ____7____ about 14 times every two hours.”可知，在作者的冒险中，感受到了自然的力量，所以认为应该对这些地方表示尊重。故选A项。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：相反，我认为我们应该尊重这些地方，希望它们能让我们安全通过。A. short短的；B. safe安全的；C. dark黑暗的；D. legal合法的。根据“hope they’ll allow us ____15____ passage.”并结合语境可知，作者认为应该对南极这类难以征服的地方表示尊重，最终让所有的探险人安全通过。故选B项。 Passage 2 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）I have been afraid of heights since young. In my middle school there was a training program called “The Leap of Faith”. Students had to climb a ladder to a platform (平台) 11 meters above the ground and then 1 the platform and grab a swing. I was 2 like a leaf before I took the first step. I climbed up and, when I got to the top, I was so 3 that I felt faint. I literally couldn’t 4 My teacher, who was standing below, suggested that 5 jumping off the platform, I just sit on the edge and then slide down. I sat there for 10 minutes and finally, with the 6 of my classmates, I slid down crying the whole way. I heard two boys 7 me behind my back. I was so hurt. Over the next two weeks, I jumped off steps and swung on the rope. I wanted so badly to 8 that I could do it, and I wanted to 9 the guys who had laughed at me. Two weeks later in a PE class I 10 jumped off the platform. I have never felt so 11 of myself. Sometimes situations are 12 , but that doesn’t mean it is impossible to deal with them. People will doubt you, but 13 is the best revenge (报复) for them. When you attain your goals, you’ll feel a great sense of 14 . So, keep dreaming and don’t let your 15 get in the way. 1. A．jump off B．lift up C．lie on D．turn over 2. A．dancing B．falling C．shaking D．rolling 3. A．thrilled B．frightened C．confused D．disappointed 4. A．speak B．see C．think D．move 5. A．except for B．instead of C．as well as D．just like 6. A．laughter B．comfort C．encouragement D．scream 7. A．reminding B．blaming C．calling D．teasing 8. A．prove B．respond C．claim D．admit 9. A．make fun of B．get back at C．get rid of D．catch up with 10. A．suddenly B．accidentally C．unwillingly D．successfully 11. A．ashamed B．certain C．proud D．nervous 12. A．scary B．complex C．dangerous D．urgent 13. A．smile B．action C．argument D．confidence 14. A．belonging B．responsibility C．achievement D．safety 15. A．fear B．selfish C．laziness D．regret 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. D 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。当同学们都跳下来时，我因为恐高，哭着滑下来。有两个同学嘲笑我，为了报复，我坚持练习，终于在两周后，在体育课上，我成功地跳下了跳台。 1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：学生们必须爬上梯子，爬到离地面11米高的平台上，然后从平台上跳下来，抓住秋千。A. jump off跳下；B. lift up抬高；C. lie on依赖；D. turn over移交。根据后文“jumping off the platform”可知，是从11米的平台上跳下。故选A。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我迈出第一步之前，我像一片叶子一样颤抖。A. dancing跳舞；B. falling落下；C. shaking颤抖；D. rolling翻滚。根据前文“I have been afraid of heights since young.”可知，我恐高，所以颤抖。故选C。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我爬了上去，当我到达山顶时，我害怕得昏过去了。A. thrilled兴奋的；B. frightened害怕的；C. confused困惑的；D. disappointed失望的。根据前文“I have been afraid of heights since young.”可知，我恐高，所以很害怕。故选B。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我真的不能动了。A. speak说；B. see看见；C. think思考；D. move动。根据前文“I felt faint”可知，我昏了过去，所以几乎不能动了。故选D。 5. 考查介词词义辨析。句意：我的老师站在下面，他建议我不要从平台上跳下去，而是坐在边上，然后滑下去。A. except for除了……之外；B. instead of而不是；C. as well as和；D. just like就像。根据本句“I just sit on the edge and then slide down”可知，我是坐着滑下来的，所以不是跳下来。故选B。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我在那里坐了10分钟，最后，在同学们的鼓励下，我一路哭着滑了下来。A. laughter大笑；B. comfort舒适；C. encouragement鼓励；D. scream尖叫。根据本句“I slid down crying the whole way”可知，我能滑下来，应是在同学们的鼓励下。故选C。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我听到两个男孩在背后取笑我。A. reminding提醒；B. blaming责备；C. calling打电话；D. teasing取笑。根据后文“the guys who had laughed at me”可知，有人取笑我。故选D。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我非常想证明我能做到，我想报复那些嘲笑我的人。A. prove证明；B. respond回应；C. claim声称；D. admit承认。根据前文“Over the next two weeks, I jumped off steps and swung on the rope.”可知，我坚持练习，就是为了证明自己。故选A。 9. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：我非常想证明我能做到，我想报复那些嘲笑我的人。A. make fun of取笑；B. get back at报复；C. get rid of摆脱；D. catch up with赶上。根据下文“the best revenge (报复) for them”以及空后“the guys who had laughed at me”可知，我坚持练习是想报复嘲笑我的人。故选B。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：两周后，在体育课上，我成功地跳下了跳台。A. suddenly突然；B. accidentally偶然；C. unwillingly不情愿地；D. successfully成功地。根据下文“I have never felt so 　11　　 of myself.”可知，我对自己感到骄傲，应是成功地跳了下来。故选D。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我从未为自己感到如此自豪。A. ashamed羞愧的；B. certain确定的；C. proud骄傲的；D. nervous紧张的。根据前文“Two weeks later in a PE class I 　10　　 jumped off the platform.”可知，我成功地跳下，所以很自豪。故选C。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时情况是可怕的，但这并不意味着你无法处理它们。A. scary可怕的；B. complex复杂的；C. dangerous危险的；D. urgent紧急的。根据前文“I have been afraid of heights since young.”可知，本文主题是克服恐惧。所以情况虽然可怕，但是还是可以处理的。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们会怀疑你，但对他们来说，行动是最好的报复。A. smile微笑；B. action行动；C. argument争论；D. confidence自信。根据前文“Over the next two weeks, I jumped off steps and swung on the rope.”可知，我坚持练习，用行动报复了嘲笑我的人，克服了恐惧。所以给出建议：对怀疑你的人来说，行动是最好的报复。故选B。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当你达到目标时，你会有一种巨大的成就感。A. belonging所有物；B. responsibility责任；C. achievement成就；D. safety安全。根据本句“you attain your goals”达到目标，会有成就感。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，继续梦想，不要让你的恐惧成为阻碍。A. fear恐惧；B. selfish自私的；C. laziness懒惰；D. regret遗憾。根据前文“I have been afraid of heights since young.”可知，本文主题是克服恐惧。所以不要让恐惧成为阻碍。故选A。 Passage 3 （23-24高二下·山西吕梁·阶段练习）Urquhart finished running 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica, setting the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region. Australian Urquhart is an 1 marathon runner. But running on Antarctica’s Union Glacier 2 Urquhart to a wholly different challenge. “No female had 3 this before,” she says. Urquhart spent 10 months preparing for the challenge, turning to some 4 training methods. A container company 5 her to put a treadmill (跑步机) in a refrigerated storage unit and run for hours each weekend, while she also 6 with an automotive parts company to train inside an industrial wind tunnel. The 7 Urquhart faced in Antarctica were numerous. She had to fight through temperatures as low as -20℃ and winds as 8 as 50 miles per hour — moments in which Antarctica lived up to its 9 as the coldest, windiest and driest place on the Earth. Urquhart would 10 stumbled (绊倒) as she struggled to put one foot in front of the other. She would usually wear four layers but had to 11 her body temperature while running. Happily, Urquhart’s body soon 12 to the physical rigors (严酷) of running 30 miles each day. A huge 13 has been formed behind her run in Antarctica. “It was actually showing what females are 14 of doing and that we can push our 15 and explore what seems impossible,” says Urquhart. 1. A．attractive B．experienced C．independent D．ordinary 2. A．admitted B．applied C．exposed D．expanded 3. A．attempted B．evaluated C．appreciated D．enhanced 4. A．simple B．realistic C．unusual D．typical 5. A．allowed B．forced C．begged D．warned 6. A．dealt B．chatted C．agreed D．partnered 7. A．choices B．challenges C．decisions D．secrets 8. A．gentle B．strong C．graceful D．basic 9. A．satisfaction B．guarantee C．glory D．reputation 10. A．frequently B．actually C．purposely D．precisely 11. A．pay attention to B．put up with C．make up for D．get along with 12. A．responded B．compared C．adapted D．related 13. A．policy B．inspiration C．schedule D．objective 14. A．fond B．afraid C．capable D．proud 15. A．researches B．speeds C．paces D．limits 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. C 5. A 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. D 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D 【导语】本文属于新闻报道。文章报道了厄克特在南极洲历时28天跑完了1402公里，创造了在极地地区跑步时间最长的记录，她是第一个这样做的女性，文中也讲述了她长跑中遇到的困难。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：澳大利亚人厄克特是一名有经验的马拉松运动员。A. attractive吸引人的；B. experienced有经验的；C. independent独立的；D. ordinary普通的。根据下文“But running on Antarctica’s Union Glacier 1 Urquhart to a wholly different challenge.”的转折可知，她是个有经验的运动员。故选B。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在南极联合冰川上跑步让厄克特面临了一个完全不同的挑战。A. admitted承认；B. applied申请；C. exposed使面临；D. expanded扩张。根据下文““No female had 3 this before,” she says.”可知，是面临着挑战，expose...to面临。故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她说：“以前没有女性尝试过。”A. attempted尝试；B. evaluated评估；C. appreciated欣赏、理解；D. enhanced加强。根据上文“setting the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region.”可知，此处要表达没有女性尝试过在南极长跑。故选A。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：厄克特花了10个月的时间为挑战做准备，采用了一些非同寻常的训练方法。A. simple简单的； B. realistic务实的；C. unusual不寻常的；D. typical典型的。根据下文的“A container company her to put a treadmill (跑步机) in a refrigerated storage unit and run for hours each weekend, while she also 6 with an automotive parts company to train inside an industrial wind tunnel.”可知，她采用的这些训练方法都是不常见的。故选C。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家集装箱公司允许她将跑步机放在冷藏库中，每个周末跑步几个小时，而她还与一家汽车零部件公司合作，在工业风洞中进行培训。A. allowed允许；B. forced迫使；C. begged祈求；D. warned警告。根据上文的“Urquhart spent 10 months preparing for the challenge, turning to some 4 training methods.”可知，她经过了一些特殊的训练，在冷库中跑步应该是该公司允许的。故选A。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一家集装箱公司允许她将跑步机放在冷藏库中，每个周末跑步几个小时，而她还与一家汽车零部件公司合作，在工业风洞中进行培训。A. dealt处理；B. chatted 聊天；C. agreed同意；D. partnered成为搭档。根据上文的“Urquhart spent 10 months preparing for the challenge, turning to some 4 training methods.”可知，她经过了一些特殊的训练，此处是指与另一个公司合作来协助自己进行特殊训练，partner with与……合作；与某人或某组织合作完成某项任务或达成某个目标。故选D。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：厄克特在南极洲遇到很多的挑战。A. choices选择；B. challenges挑战；C. decisions决定；D. secrets秘密。根据下文“She had to fight through temperatures as low as -20℃ and winds...”可知，她遇到了很多的挑战，例如低温和强风。故选B。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她必须与低至20摄氏度的低温和每小时50英里的强风作斗争——在这些时刻，南极洲不愧为地球上最冷、风最大、最干燥的地方。A. gentle温柔的；B. strong强壮的；C. graceful优美的；D. basic基本的。根据下文“as 50 miles per hour”是强风，应用形容词strong。故选B。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她必须与低至20摄氏度的低温和每小时50英里的强风作斗争——在这些时刻，南极洲不愧为地球上最冷、风最大、最干燥的地方。A. satisfaction满足；B. guarantee保证；C. glory荣耀；D. reputation名声。根据常识可知，南极是世界上最冷的地方，此处表达名符其实。live up to its reputation意为“没有辜负它的声誉”。故选D。 10. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：厄克特在努力把一只脚放在另一只脚前面时，经常会绊倒。A. frequently频繁地；B. actually实际上；C. purposely故意地；D. precisely精确地。结合上文风速很大，及句中的“as she struggled to put one foot in front of the other.”可知，她被绊倒应该是经常发生的事。故选A。 11. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：她通常会穿四层衣服，但跑步时必须注意自己的体温。A. pay attention to注意；B. put up with忍受；C. make up for弥补；D. get along with相处。上文提到南极气温低至零下20度，此处是指她时刻关注自己的体温。故选A。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：令人高兴的是，厄克特的身体很快适应了每天跑步30英里的严酷考验。A. responded回应；B. compared比较；C. adapted适应；D. relate联系。根据上文“Urquhart finished running 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica, setting the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region.”可知，厄克特在南极洲28天内完成了1402公里的跑步，说明她适应了这种情况下的跑步，adapt to适应。故选C。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：她在南极洲的跑步背后形成了一个巨大的鼓舞。A. policy政策；B. inspiration鼓舞；C. schedule计划；D. objective目标。根据下文的“It was actually showing what females are 14 of doing and that we can push our 15 and explore what seems impossible,” says Urquhart.”可知，这是一种激励和鼓舞。故选B。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：厄克特说：“这实际上展示了女性的能力，我们可以突破极限，探索看似不可能的事情。”A. fond喜欢的；B. afraid害怕的；C. capable有能力的；D. proud自豪的。根据文章的开头“Urquhart finished running 1,402 kilometers over the course of 28 days in Antarctica,setting the record for the longest-ever run in a polar region.”可知，这展示了女性的能力，be capable of有能力做。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：厄克特说：“这实际上展示了女性的能力，我们可以突破极限，探索看似不可能的事情。”A. researches研究；B. speeds速度；C. paces步调；D. limits限制。根据后半句““and explore what seems impossible”可知，我们可以突破极限。故选D。 Passage 4 （23-24高二下·贵州遵义·期末）My earliest memories involve waiting for my Dad to come home. He would hand me a comb (梳子) and ask me to clean it. I would 1 brush it as hard as possible. When I proudly 2 it to Dad, he would smile. At five, this 3 task brought me such joy. Later, Dad left his job and started a business. That was when our 4 life started getting shaky. Dad’s business wasn’t doing well. So he always come home 5 , and I’d already been asleep. I became mad and 6 waiting for his returning. Now 28, I’ve got my own job. Dad’s business got 7 . Things are better now. Yet the uncomfortable silence between us 8 . One day, Dad came home early and said, “Hey, would you like to clean my comb?” I looked at him for a while, and then took it to the 9 . It hit me then: why, as a(n) 10 , cleaning his comb was such a joy. That 11 meant my dad was home to spend the 12 with me. I passed the clean comb back to Dad. Again, he smiled. But this time, I noticed something 13 . My father had aged. He had 14 next to his eyes, yet his smile was still 15 — the smile of a father just wanting a good life for his family. 1. A．nervously B．angrily C．excitedly D．gratefully 2. A．awarded B．returned C．introduced D．delivered 3. A．simple B．secret C．urgent D．official 4. A．aimless B．stable C．colorful D．dull 5. A．fast B．peacefully C．late D．naturally 6. A．admitted B．stopped C．risked D．imagined 7. A．up to speed B．to the surface C．in the way D．back on track 8. A．remained B．settled C．counted D．transformed 9. A．drawer B．cupboard C．sink D．bathtub 10. A．adult B．businessman C．child D．servant 11. A．routine B．performance C．memory D．promise 12. A．weekend B．festival C．holiday D．evening 13. A．different B．familiar C．ridiculous D．mysterious 14. A．tears B．wrinkles C．scars D．spots 15. A．bitter-sweet B．eye-catching C．care-free D．heart-warming 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. C 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述作者小时候很喜欢等父亲晚上下班回家，帮父亲清洗他的梳子。但是后来因为父亲创业初期艰难，作者很少见到父亲而心怀怨念。在作者28岁生日前夕，父亲很早回家，再次让作者“清洗梳子”，作者理解了以前为什么帮父亲清理梳子那么高兴，打开了心结。 1. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我会兴奋地尽可能用力地刷。A. nervously紧张地；B. angrily生气地；C. excitedly兴奋地；D. gratefully感激地。根据下文“When I proudly 　　2　　 it to Dad, he would smile.”可知，当父亲要求作者去刷梳子的时候，他是很兴奋的。故选C。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我骄傲地把它还给爸爸时，他会微笑。A. awarded奖励；B. returned归还；C. introduced介绍；D. delivered递送。根据上文“He would hand me a comb (梳子) and ask me to clean it.”和下文“it to Dad, he would smile”可知，作者刷完梳子之后要把它还给父亲。故选B。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：五岁时，这个简单的任务给我带来了极大的快乐。A. simple简单的；B. secret秘密的；C. urgent急迫的；D. official官方的。根据上文“I would 　　1　　 brush it as hard as possible.”可知，作者刷梳子只是个简单的事情。故选A。 4. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就在那时，我们稳定的生活开始变得不稳定。A. aimless漫无目的的；B. stable稳定的；C. colorful多彩的；D. dull枯燥的。根据上文“Later, Dad left his job and started a business.”和下文“started getting shaky”可知，爸爸辞掉了工作，开始创业，可得出变得不稳定的生活之前是稳定的。故选B。 5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以他总是回家很晚，而我已经睡着了。A. fast快速地；B. peacefully和平地；C. late晚/迟地；D. naturally自然而然地。根据上文“Dad’s business wasn’t doing well.”和下文“and I’d already been asleep”可知，父亲的生意做的不好，所以回来的晚，他已经睡觉了。故选C。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很生气，不再等他回来了。A. admitted承认；B. stopped停止；C. risked冒险；D. imagined想象。根据上文“I became mad”可知，因父亲晚回家，作者厌烦了等待父亲，所以不等了。故选B。 7. 考查介词短语辨析。句意：爸爸的生意步入正轨了。A. up to speed加速；B. to the surface浮出水面；C. in the way挡路；D. back on track回到正轨。根据下文“Things are better now.”可知，一切都变好了，所以是因为他父亲的生意步入正轨了。故选D。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，我们之间令人不安的沉默依然存在。A. remained仍然存在；B. settled定居；C. counted计数；D. transformed转换。根据上文“Yet”可知，上下文是转折关系，虽然生意好了，但是作者和父亲的关系仍然不太好。故选A。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我看了他一会儿，然后把梳子拿到水槽边。A. drawer抽屉；B. cupboard橱柜；C. sink洗涤池；D. bathtub浴盆。根据上文“Hey, would you like to clean my comb?”可知，父亲要作者去刷梳子，所以作者应该是去洗涤池。故选C。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当时我突然想到：为什么，作为一个孩子，清理梳子是如此的快乐。A. adult成人；B. businessman商人；C. child孩子；D. servant服务员。根据下文“cleaning his comb was such a joy”可知，这是作者小时候觉得快乐的事情。故选C。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这一惯例意味着我爸爸在家陪我度过了一个晚上。A. routine日常；B. performance表现；C. memory记忆；D. promise承诺。根据上文“He would hand me a comb (梳子) and ask me to clean it. I would 　　1　　 brush it as hard as possible. When I proudly 　　2　　 it to Dad, he would smile. At five, this 　　3　　 task brought me such joy.”可知，作者5岁的时候，他的父亲每天晚上都会让他刷梳子，所以这是那个时候日常的事情。故选A。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：见第11题详解。A. weekend周末；B. festival节日；C. holiday假期；D. evening晚上。根据上文“So he always come home 　　5　　, and I’d already been asleep.”和“my dad was home”可知，父亲都是晚上回家，所以是和作者一起度过晚上的时光。故选D。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但这一次，我注意到了一些不同。A. different不同的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. ridiculous可笑的；D. mysterious神秘的。根据下文“My father had aged.”可知，父亲变老了，所以他跟以前不一样了。故选A。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的眼睛旁边有皱纹，但他的笑容仍然温暖人心——一个父亲的笑容，他只是想让家人过上美好的生活。A. tears眼泪；B. wrinkles皱纹；C. scars伤疤；D. spots斑点。根据上文“My father had aged.”可知，父亲变老了，所以眼角有皱纹。故选B。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：见第14题详解。A. bitter-sweet苦中有甜的；B. eye-catching引人注目的；C. care-free无忧无虑的；D. heart-warming温暖人心的。根据下文“the smile of a father just wanting a good life for his family.”可知，父亲的笑容让作者感到温暖。故选D。 Passage 5 （22-23高二下·黑龙江牡丹江·期末）When I was a small child, I believed wholeheartedly in magic. I was 1 to the remarkable Harry Potter books. With 2 , I could dig deeply into the magical world and explore my fantasies. Sad though it may seem, I wasn’t ashamed of being 3 . I was confident that I would soon receive my envelope 4 me into Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry. So I waited 5 , sometimes planning what I would do once I was unmasked to be a wizard (巫师). As you’re probably predicting, the 6 happened. The year came and went when I was supposed to 7 the invitation. With the 8 of that letter came the loss of all of my hope. And I had to leave behind that dead dream. The world was ordinary and dull. Filled with a bit of 9 , I continued my life. And soon, the dream 10 my mind. However, as I grew up in a world with no spells (魔咒) or flying broomstick, I realized something. Magic did 11 . Maybe it didn’t appear in the form that I had 12 while reading the Harry Potter series, but it was 13 there. It surprised me every time I looked outside at the great moon and the stars. It 14 me in the form of loyal friends or caring family. It said hello as I burst into tears feeling extreme kindness or 15 . Magic was joy. Magic was love. Magic was hope. So I became childish once again. For magic is real, and magic is everywhere. 1. A．used B．equal C．exposed D．addicted 2. A．potential B．compromise C．imagination D．courage 3. A．nervous B．aimless C．innocent D．creative 4. A．admitting B．flying C．bouncing D．knocking 5. A．anxiously B．hopelessly C．cautiously D．deliberately 6. A．unfair B．unavoidable C．unexpected D．impossible 7. A．refuse B．send C．write D．receive 8. A．disappearance B．arrival C．prohibition D．release 9. A．happiness B．indifference C．determination D．doubt 10. A．slipped B．controlled C．repaired D．ruined 11. A．spread B．exist C．fade D．matter 12. A．promised B．pictured C．shared D．witnessed 13. A．rarely B．nearly C．instantly D．definitely 14. A．forgave B．scared C．comforted D．puzzled 15. A．affection B．prejudice C．sorrow D．friction 【答案】 1. D 2. C 3. C 4. A 5. A 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. B 10. A 11. B 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。我沉迷于《哈利波特》并相信魔法，一直等待着收到霍格沃茨魔法学校的录取通知书。然而，事实并不会这样。我没有希望地继续淡漠地生活着。但是，随着我成长，我认为魔法确实存在。它是天上的星光月亮以忠诚的朋友或关心我的家人的形式安慰我，它在我哭泣时，给我说你好。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我沉迷于非凡的《哈利波特》系列丛书。A. used习惯于；B. equal平等的；C. exposed暴露于；D. addicted沉迷于。根据上文“I believed wholeheartedly in magic”可知，我全心全意地相信魔法，沉迷于《哈利波特》。故选D。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：有了想象力，我可以深入挖掘魔法世界，探索我的幻想。A. potential潜力；B. compromise妥协；C. imagination想象力；D. courage勇气。根据常识以及本句“explore my fantasies”可知，世界上不存在魔法，所以我依靠想象力来探索魔法。故选C。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：虽然看起来很可悲，但我并不为自己的幼稚感到羞耻。A. nervous紧张的；B. aimless漫无目的的；C. innocent天真的，幼稚的；D. creative有创造性的。根据前文“I believed wholeheartedly in magic”可知，我沉迷于《哈利波特》，沉迷于魔法，但是并不认为这是幼稚的。故选C。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我相信我很快就会收到霍格沃茨魔法学校的录取通知书。A. admitting接收（入学）；B. flying飞；C. bouncing弹起；D. knocking敲击。根据动词“receive”以及空后“into Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry”可知，是收到霍格沃茨魔法学校的录取通知书。故选A。 5. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：所以我焦急地等待着，有时计划着一旦我被揭开面具成为一个巫师，我该做些什么。A. anxiously焦急地；B. hopelessly绝望地；C. cautiously小心地；D. deliberately故意地。根据前文“I was confident that I would soon receive my envelope 4 me into Hogwarts School of Witchcraft and Wizardry”可知，我相信我会被霍格沃茨魔法学校录取，所以是焦急地等待着。故选A。 6. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：正如你可能预测的那样，不可避免的事情发生了。A. unfair不公平的；B. unavoidable不可避免的；C. unexpected出乎意料的；D. impossible不可能的。根据常识以及下文“the loss of all of my hope”可知，不存在霍格沃茨魔法学校，所以不可避免地是，我失去所有的希望。故选B。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一年过去了，我本该收到邀请的。A. refuse拒绝；B. send发送；C. write写；D. receive收到。根据前文“I waited”可知，我一直在等待霍格沃茨魔法学校的录取通知书，所以收到邀请。故选D。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着那封信的消失，我失去了所有的希望。A. disappearance消失；B. arrival到达；C. prohibition禁止；D. release释放。根据本句“the loss of all of my hope”可知，我失去了所有的希望，所以，录取的那封信终究是消失了。故选A。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：带着一点淡漠，我继续我的生活。A. happiness幸福；B. indifference淡漠；C. determination决心；D. doubt怀疑。根据前文“And I had to leave behind that dead dream. The world was ordinary and dull.”可知，我失去了梦想，世界也变得平凡而沉闷。所以我带着淡漠消极，继续生活。故选B。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：很快，我就忘记了这个梦。A. slipped（想法，事实）被遗忘；B. controlled控制；C. repaired修理；D. ruined毁坏。根据前文“And I had to leave behind that dead dream.”可知，我不得不抛下那个死去的梦，很快，这个梦就被遗忘了。故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：魔法确实存在。A. spread传播；B. exist存在；C. fade褪色；D. matter重要。根据下文“it was　13　 there”可知，我又相信了魔法的存在，它就在那儿。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：也许它并没有以我在阅读《哈利波特》系列时想象的形式出现，但它确实存在。A. promised承诺；B. pictured想象；C. shared分享；D. witnessed见证。根据常识以及本句“while reading the Harry Potter series”可知，魔法只存在在想象中。故选B。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：也许它并没有以我在阅读《哈利波特》系列时想象的形式出现，但它确实存在。A. rarely几乎不；B. nearly几乎；C. instantly立刻；D. definitely确实。根据前文“Maybe it didn’t appear in the form that I had 　12　 while reading the Harry Potter series”可知，前后为转折关系，虽然不是以《哈利波特》系列时想象的形式出现，但是魔法确实存在。故选D。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：它以忠诚的朋友或关心我的家人的形式安慰我。A. forgave原谅；B. scared使害怕；C. comforted安慰；D. puzzled使困惑。根据本句“in the form of loyal friends or caring family”可知，忠诚的朋友或关心我的家人会安慰我。故选C。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它说你好，我哭了，感到极度的善良或悲伤。A. affection喜爱；B. prejudice偏见；C. sorrow悲伤；D. friction摩擦，分歧。根据本句“I burst into tears”可知，我哭了，应是很伤心。故选C。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （22-23高二下·全国·单元测试）Cheng Jing, a 46-year-old Chinese woman, recently lost her grandmother, but for the last 13 years of her life, she tried her best to make the old woman believe that her daughter was still 1 . Jing’s mother had died in 2003, but considering that letting her grandmother know the news would 2 her, she didn’t want to 3 it and decided to employ someone to 4 her mother’s voice and 5 grandma regularly to avoid 6 the old woman’s heart. Jing’s mother, Cheng Congrong, and her grandmother had always been very 7 . Knowing that she developed cancer and didn’t have much time to live, Congrong 8 dozens of voice messages and asked her children to play them back to their grandmother so she wouldn’t be 9 about her. Cheng Jing 10 her mother’s last wish and after her death, she kept playing the recordings. Cheng Jing soon realized it was only a matter of 11 before her grandmother realized the messages were pre-recorded. Then she made the 12 . After hearing Cheng Jing’s story and feeling 13 for the old woman, Chen Weiping decided to help. Weiping would call the old woman as often as she could, offering all sorts of 14 as to why she couldn’t come visit her. Cheng Jing and Weiping 15 to hide the truth for 13 years until the old woman passed away. 1. A．wealthy B．famous C．alive D．safe 2. A．embarrass B．destroy C．comfort D．bother 3. A．risk B．miss C．repeat D．believe 4. A．raise B．copy C．recognize D．change 5. A．attend B．visit C．treat D．phone 6. A．breaking B．winning C．touching D．following 7. A．generous B．sensitive C．smart D．close 8. A．received B．sent C．recorded D．conveyed 9. A．curious B．worried C．disappointed D．particular 10. A．forgot B．expressed C．respected D．ignored 11. A．time B．choice C．concern D．fact 12. A．decision B．mistake C．difference D．contribution 13. A．anxious B．guilty C．sorry D．happy 14. A．jokes B．services C．suggestions D．excuses 15. A．failed B．managed C．agreed D．stopped 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. D 8. C 9. B 10. C 11. A 12. A 13. C 14. D 15. B 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了46岁的中国妇女程静（音译）最近失去了她的祖母，程静的母亲死于2003年，她在祖母生命的最后13年里，尽了最大的努力让祖母相信自己的女儿还活着的故事。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：46岁的中国妇女程静（音译）最近失去了她的祖母，但在她生命的最后13年里，她尽了最大的努力让这位老奶奶相信她的女儿还活着。A. wealthy富有的；B. famous有名的；C. alive活着的；D. safe安全的。根据下文“Jing’s mother had died in 2003”以及“she didn’t want to ___3___ it”可推知，此处为但在祖母生命的最后13年里，她尽了最大的努力让老奶奶相信她的女儿还活着。故选C项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：静的母亲2003年去世了，但考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，她不想冒险，于是决定雇人模仿母亲的声音，定期给祖母打电话，以免伤了老太太的心。A. embarrass（使）尴尬，窘迫；B. destroy破坏，伤害；C. comfort安慰；D. bother麻烦。根据该句中的“letting her grandmother know the news”可推知，祖母知道自己女儿去世的消息会受到伤害。故选B项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：静的母亲2003年去世了，但考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，她不想冒险，于是决定雇人模仿母亲的声音，定期给祖母打电话，以免伤了老太太的心。A. risk冒险；B. miss错失；C. repeat重复；D. believe 相信。根据上文提到的考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，以及“ decided to employ someone”可推知，此处为考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，她不想冒险。故选A项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：静的母亲2003年去世了，但考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，她不想冒险，于是决定雇人模仿母亲的声音，定期给祖母打电话，以免伤了老太太的心。A. raise提高，增强；B. copy模仿；C. recognize识别；D. change改变。根据语境以及该句中的“her mother’s voice”可推知，此处为考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，她不想冒险，于是决定雇人模仿母亲的声音。故选B项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：静的母亲2003年去世了，但考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，她不想冒险，于是决定雇人模仿母亲的声音，定期给祖母打电话，以免伤了老太太的心。A. attend出席；B. visit拜访；C. treat对待；D. phone打电话。根据上文提到的雇人模仿母亲的声音，以及下文“Weiping would call the old woman as often as she could(Weiping会尽可能多地给老妇人打电话)”可推知，此处为决定雇人模仿母亲的声音，定期给祖母打电话。故选D项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：静的母亲2003年去世了，但考虑到让祖母知道这个消息会伤害她，她不想冒险，于是决定雇人模仿母亲的声音，定期给祖母打电话，以免伤了老太太的心。A. breaking打破，破坏；B. winning赢得；C. touching触摸；D. following跟随。结合语境可知，雇人模仿母亲的声音定期给祖母打电话，是为了避免伤了老太太的心。break one’s heart使某人心碎，故选A项。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：静的母亲程聪荣和她的祖母一直很亲密。A. generous慷慨的；B. sensitive敏感的；C. smart聪明的；D. close亲密的。根据上文提到的她尽了最大的努力让老奶奶相信她的女儿还活着，以及上下文语境可知，此处为静的母亲程聪荣和她的祖母一直很亲密。故选D项。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：知道自己得了癌症，没有多少时间活了，聪荣录了几十条语音信息，让孩子们回放给祖母听，这样她就不用担心自己了。A. received接受；B. sent发送；C. recorded记录；D. conveyed转达。根据该句中的“dozens of voice messages and asked her children to play them”可推知，此处为聪荣录了几十条语音信息，让孩子们回放给祖母听，这样她就不用担心自己了。故选C项。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：知道自己得了癌症，没有多少时间活了，聪荣录了几十条语音信息，让孩子们回放给祖母听，这样她就不用担心自己了。A. curious好奇的；B. worried担心的；C. disappointed失望的；D. particular特别的。根据上文提到的聪荣录了几十条语音信息，以及该句中的“asked her children to play them back to their grandmother”可推知，此处为聪荣录了几十条语音信息，让孩子们回放给祖母听，这样她就不用担心自己了。故选B项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：程静尊重母亲的遗愿，在母亲去世后，她一直在播放这些录音。A. forgot忘记；B. expressed表达；C. respected尊重；D. ignored忽视。根据该句中的“and after her death, she kept playing the recordings.”可知，此处为程静尊重母亲的遗愿，在母亲去世后，她一直在播放这些录音。故选C项。 11. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：程静很快意识到，她的祖母迟早会意识到这些信息是预先录好的。A. time时间；B. choice选择；C. concern担心；D. fact事实。根据“before her grandmother realized the messages were pre-recorded.”以及下文她雇人给祖母打电话可推知，祖母迟早会意识到这些信息是预先录好的，故选A项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后她做了决定。A. decision决定；B. mistake错误；C. difference区别；D. contribution贡献。根据下文“Chen Weiping decided to help.”以及一系列的行为可知，此处为她决定雇人模仿母亲的声音。故选A项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：陈伟平听了程静的故事，为老太太感到难过，决定帮忙。A. anxious焦虑的；B. guilty内疚的；C. sorry难过的；D. happy快乐的。根据下文“Chen Weiping decided to help.”可推知，此处为陈伟平听了程静的故事，为老太太感到难过，决定帮忙。故选C项。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：伟平会尽可能多地给老妇人打电话，找各种各样的借口，解释自己为什么不能去看她。A. jokes笑话；B. services服务；C. suggestions建议；D. excuses借口。根据句意以及该句中的“as to why she couldn’t come visit her”可推知，此处为伟平找各种各样的借口，解释自己为什么不能去看她。故选D项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：程静和伟平将真相隐瞒了13年，直到老妇人去世。A. failed失败；B. managed设法做成；C. agreed同意；D. stopped停止。根据句意以及该句中的“hide the truth for 13 years until the old woman passed away.”可知，此处为程静和伟平将真相隐瞒了13年，直到老妇人去世。manage to do“努力做某事，设法做某事”。故选B项。 Passage 7 （22-23高二下·广东韶关·期中）I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for. I sat in the car, lost in despair, chewing my lip and staring outside. I went upstairs, 1 and desperate. Grandpa’s door was open for me as usual. There, he was waiting for my 2 with great excitement. I stood silently, forcing a 3 to cover my sadness. He seemed to 4 me immediately, giving me a 5 . I was astonished that such a thin body was full of so much energy. Only then did my emotions start 6 out. I told him that all my 7 were for nothing, and that I was feeling discouraged. Grandpa smiled at me 8 and said, “Don’t worry. You’re far stronger than you think.” Then he 9 “Life can be full of ups and downs so what we need do is to still have our hopes and desires, ignoring the anxiety that makes it easy to give up.” He patted me on the shoulder, with a determined look, before saying, “Cheer up. I’m firmly 10 that you have the ability to succeed.” Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness 11 . The next day, I thought about all my problems and 12 a plan. Now, I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure, I’ll 13 reach my goals. Looking back, I realize that we should share our setbacks and progress in life with our 14 ones. As my grandpa showed, the 15 of our family members will benefit us forever. 1. A．sweet B．weak C．strong D．simple 2. A．comment B．discovery C．arrival D．suggestion 3. A．sigh B．tear C．signal D．smile 4. A．read B．inspect C．order D．ignore 5. A．hug B．challenge C．wish D．pride 6. A．dying B．turning C．pouring D．checking 7. A．offers B．profits C．efforts D．promises 8. A．suddenly B．gently C．freshly D．generally 9. A．helped B．added C．served D．shared 10. A．convinced B．changed C．expected D．believed 11. A．continue B．arise C．prevent D．disappear８ 12. A．came across B．worked out C．cared about D．turned into 13. A．actually B．eventually C．merely D．instantly 14. A．deserved B．determined C．beloved D．excited 15. A．company B．gratitude C．blame D．support 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. D 4. A 5. A 6. C 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者因未被全国IT竞赛录取，感到很沮丧。后来，因为爷爷的鼓励和支持而振作起来。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我上了楼，虚弱而绝望。A. sweet甜的；B. weak虚弱的；C. strong强壮的；D. simple简单的。根据前文“I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for.”可知，我虚弱而绝望。故选B项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他在那里非常兴奋地等着我的到来。A. comment评论；B. discovery发现；C. arrival到来；D. suggestion建议。根据前文“Grandpa’s door was open for me as usual.”可知，爷爷在等作者的到来。故选C项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我默默地站着，强作微笑来掩饰我的悲伤。A. sigh叹气；B. tear眼泪；C. signal信号；D. smile微笑。根据后文“to cover my sadness.”可知，作者用微笑来掩盖悲伤。故选D项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他似乎马上就读懂了我，给了我一个拥抱。A. read读，懂得；B. inspect检查；C. order命令；D. ignore忽视。根据后文“giving me a 　　5　　”和“I was astonished that such a thin body was full of so much energy.”可知，爷爷读懂了我。故选A项。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他似乎马上就读懂了我，给了我一个拥抱。A. hug拥抱；B. challenge挑战；C. wish希望；D. pride骄傲。根据常识和后文“I was astonished that such a thin body was full of so much energy.”可知，爷爷给了我一个拥抱。故选A项。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：直到那时，我的情绪才开始涌出。A. dying死亡；B. turning转向；C. pouring涌出；D. checking检查。根据前文“He seemed to 　　4　　 me immediately, giving me a 　　5　　.”以及“I was astonished that such a thin body was full of so much energy.”可知，我的情绪开始涌出。故选C项。 7. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我告诉他，我所有的努力都白费了，我感到很沮丧。A. offers供应；B. profits利润；C. efforts努力；D. promises承诺。根据前文“I was frustrated at not being entered into the national IT competition I’d applied for.”可知，作者认为自己的努力白费了。故选C项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：爷爷温柔地对我笑了笑，说：“别担心。你比你想象的要强大得多。”A. suddenly突然地；B. gently温柔地；C. freshly新鲜地；D. generally一般地。根据语境和前文“Grandpa smiled”和后文“Don’t worry.”可知，爷爷温柔地笑着安慰作者。故选B项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他补充说：“生活充满了起起落落，所以我们需要做的是仍然抱有希望和愿望，忽略那些容易让我们放弃的焦虑。”A. helped帮助；B. added增加，补充；C. served服务；D. shared分享。根据前后文可知，后面是爷爷补充说的内容。故选B项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他坚定地拍了拍我的肩膀，然后说：“振作起来。我坚信你有能力成功。”A. convinced使相信；B. changed改变；C. expected期望；D. believed相信。根据前文“He patted me on the shoulder, with a determined look”及“Cheer up.”可知，爷爷在鼓励作者，相信作者能成功。故选A项。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：爷爷的鼓励很快消除了我的悲伤。A. continue继续；B. arise出现；C. prevent阻止；D. disappear消失。根据前文“Grandpa’s encouragement soon made my sadness”可知，爷爷的鼓励消除了作者的悲伤。故选D项。 12. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：第二天，我想了想我所有的问题，制定了一个计划。A. came across遇到；B. worked out解决，制定；C. cared about关心；D. turned into变成。根据语境和后文“a plan”以及“ I’ll ____13____ reach my goals.”可知，作者制定了一个计划。故选B项。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：现在，我相信以积极的态度面对失败，我最终会达到我的目标。A. actually实际；B. eventually最终；C. merely仅仅；D. instantly立即。根据前文“I believe that with a positive attitude towards failure”及后文“reach my goals”可知，作者相信最终会实现目标。故选B项。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回想起来，我意识到我们应该与我们所爱的人分享我们生活中的挫折和进步。A. deserved值得的；B. determined下定决心的；C. beloved亲爱的；D. excited兴奋的。根据后文“As my grandpa showed, the 　　15　　 of our family members will benefit us forever.”可知，我们应该跟我们所爱的人分享挫折和进步。故选C项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正如我爷爷所说，家庭成员的支持将使我们永远受益。A. company公司；B. gratitude感谢；C. blame责备；D. support支持。基于前文的分析可知，作者在爷爷的支持下振作起来，家庭成员的支持会使我们受益。故选D项。 Passage 8 （22-23高二下·吉林白山·期末）That day Bill Price was attending a reunion for a summer program. He remembers standing outside after the reunion, 1 with friends. Eventually, everyone said their 2 —leaving Price standing by himself. “Sometimes when you’re 3 , it’s fine,” Price said. “But sometimes when you’re alone, you feel 4 . And that’s the way I felt then.” Nearby, another group of teenagers stood laughing and 5 . “I found myself wishing so much to be a part of them,” Price 6 . One of the teenagers was a person named Wendy Westman. She and Price had only met in another summer program a few months earlier. As Price stood there, feeling 7 lonely. Westman turned around and 8 him if he’d like to join them. “My life was transformed at that moment,” Price said. Westman’s kindness 9 a realization in Price: He could offer that same 10 to anyone, at any time. “It’s so easy to see someone who seems left out and alone and 11 them, say hello to them, be kind to them,”Price explained. “And I realize that is a gift that everyone can 12 .” Price became a psychiatrist(精神科医生). His job is being kind to his 13 , listening to them and being attentive to their 14 . Price attributes his understanding of the importance of kindness to that 15 . 1. A．catching up B．filling up C．putting up D．ending up 2. A．experiences B．creations C．achievements D．goodbyes 3. A．disappointed B．alone C．confused D．sad 4. A．comforted B．interested C．abandoned D．motivated 5. A．talking B．complaining C．crying D．abusing 6. A．evaluated B．indicated C．remembered D．recited 7. A．suddenly B．regularly C．literally D．increasingly 8. A．hugged B．asked C．recommended D．doubted 9. A．inspired B．designed C．recognized D．admired 10. A．investment B．confidence C．curiosity D．kindness 11. A．appreciate B．cheat C．trap D．notice 12. A．refuse B．give C．make D．reserve 13. A．visitors B．patients C．neighbors D．workmates 14. A．talents B．tips C．needs D．guidelines 15. A．moment B．range C．stage D．decision 【答案】 1. A 2. D 3. B 4. C 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. D 11. D 12. B 13. B 14. C 15. A 【导语】本文是篇记叙文。文章讲述了Bill Price在一次朋友聚会后因剩下自己一人而感到孤独，这时，附近一群正在聚会的青少年友善地向他发出了邀请，令他突然明白了自己也可以向别人传递这种善意，从而改变了他的一生。 1. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：他记得聚会后站在外面，和朋友们聊天叙旧。A. catching up赶上；catch up with sb 赶上某人，与某人叙旧；B. filling up填满；C. putting up张贴、举起；put up with忍受、容忍；D. ending up结束。根据句中“reunion”和“friends”可知，Price参加的是朋友聚会，所以应该是和朋友们在外面叙旧、聊天。故选A。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：最后，每个人都说了再见——只留下Price一个人站在那里。A. experiences经历；B. creations创作；C. achievements成绩；D. goodbyes再见。根据句中“leaving Price standing by himself.”可知，最后就剩Price一人在那里，可见朋友们都一一道别说再见了。故选D。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：有时候，当你一个人的时候，挺好的。A. disappointed失望的；B. alone独自的；C. confused困惑的；D. sad伤心的。根据下一句“But sometimes when you’re alone, you feel　4　　.”（但有时候当你一个人的时候，你会觉得被抛弃了。）可知，这里的转折词“But”说明有的时候当你独自一人时，还是不错的。故选B。 4. 考查过去分词词词义辨析。句意：但有时候当你一个人的时候，你会觉得被抛弃了。A. comforted被安慰的；B. interested有兴趣的；C. abandoned被抛弃的；D. motivated被激励的。根据前文“Sometimes when you’re alone, it’s fine,”（有时候，当你一个人的时候，挺好的。）及本句中的转折词“But”可知，有的时候一个人独处，感觉应该并不好，所以感到自己“被抛弃了”符合语境。故选C。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：不远处，另一群青少年站在那里有说有笑。A. talking说话、交谈；B. complaining抱怨；C. crying哭；D. abusing辱骂。根据句中并列动词“laughing”及下一句“I found myself wishing so much to be a part of them,”（我发现自己非常希望成为他们中的一员，）可知，这群青少年站在那里应该是很开心的，有说有笑的，所以Price才很想加入。故选A。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我发现自己非常希望成为他们中的一员，”Price回忆道。A. evaluated评价；B. indicated表明、暗示；C. remembered回想起、记住；D. recited背诵。根据句中谓语动词“found”可知，该句用了一般过去时，可知是Price对当时所发生事情的回忆。故选C。 7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Price站在那里，感到越来越孤独。A. suddenly突然；B. regularly有规律地；C. literally逐字地、照字面意思地；D. increasingly越来越多地、愈发地。根据第二段“But sometimes when you’re alone, you feel abandoned. And that’s the way I felt then.”（但有时候当你一个人的时候，你会觉得被抛弃了，这就是我当时的感受。）可知，当聚会后朋友都离开后，Price就感到很孤独寂寞，而后来他站在那群有说有笑的年轻人附近时，就越发感到孤独寂寞了。故选D。 8. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Westman转过身来，问他是否愿意加入他们。A. hugged拥抱；B. asked问；C. recommended推荐；D. doubted怀疑。根据句中“if he’d like to join them”可知，Westman是在询问他是否愿意加入他们。故选B。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Westman的好意使Price突然醒悟。A. inspired激发、激励；B. designed设计；C. recognized承认、认出；D. admired钦佩、羡慕。根据下文“He could offer that same　10 to anyone, at any time. ”（他可以在任何时候对任何人给予同样的善意。）可知，这是对本句中“realization”（认识、领悟）的具体说明，即Price突然领悟到的事情，所以应该是Westman的善意激发了他的领悟。故选A。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他可以在任何时候对任何人给予同样的善意。A. investment投资；B. confidence信心；C. curiosity好奇心；D. kindness善良、好意。根据前文的“My life was transformed at that moment,”（我的人生在那一刻发生了改变，）和上一句“Westman’s kindness inspired a realization in Price: ”（Westman的好意使Price突然醒悟：）及本句中的“same”可知，Westman的善意使Price的人生发生了改变，所以他突然明白自己也可以给其他人同样的善意。故选D。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们很容易看到那些似乎被遗忘,独自一人的人，注意到他们，和他们打招呼，对他们友好。A. appreciate欣赏、感激；B. cheat欺骗；C. trap使中计、使陷于；D. notice注意到。根据句中与空处并列的动词短语“see someone”及句意可知，这里是指我们很容易看到和注意到那些似乎被遗忘和独自一人的人。故选D。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我意识到这是每个人都能给予的礼物。A. refuse拒绝；B. give给予；C. make制造；D. reserve预订、保留。根据前文“It’s so easy to see someone who seems left out and alone and noticed them, say hello to them, be kind to them,”（我们很容易看到那些似乎被遗忘和独自一人的人，注意到他们，和他们打招呼，对他们友好。）可知，Price认为人们可以很容易地对有需要的人提供善意，这应该是人们可以给别人的礼物。故选B。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的工作就是善待他的病人，倾听他们的心声，关注他们的需求。A. visitors参观者、游客；B. patients病人；C. neighbors邻居；D. workmates工友、工作伙伴。根据上一句“Price became a psychiatrist(精神科医生).”（Price成立一名精神科医生。）可知，Price是一名医生，所以他的工作对象应该是病人，善待病人、倾听他们的心声并关注他们的需求。故选B。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的工作就是善待他的病人，倾听他们的心声，关注他们的需求。A. talents才能；B. tips提示；C. needs需要；D. guidelines指导方针、准则。根据句中“His job is being kind to his patients, listening to them”可知，Price的工作是善待他的病人，倾听病人的心声，从而了解病人的需求，才能对症下药、治疗病人，故应该关注他们的需求。故选C。 15. 考查动名词义辨析。句意：Price将他对善良重要性的理解归功于那一刻。A. moment时刻；B. range范围；C. stage阶段、舞台；D. decision决定。根据前文Price说的“My life was transformed at that moment,”（我的人生在那一刻发生了改变，）可知，Price认为是那一时刻改变了他的人生，让他充分理解了善良的重要性。故选A。 Passage 9 （22-23高二下·海南·期末）In 1970, Alan Ayers was preparing for a skydiving competition in Gainesville, Florida. It wasn’t the first time he’d jumped out of a 1 , but it was almost his last. Ayers would be jumping out of a Cessna 172, a small four-seat passenger plane. In 2 , the passenger door and front passenger seat were 3 so that they wouldn’t disturb their skydive. However, the passenger side seat belt was still there. Ayers’ teammates jumped first, leaving him and the pilot as the only two people 4 in the plane. It was Ayers’ 5 . But as he stepped out into the air, his 6 got caught in the passenger side seat belt. “I was 7 out of the plane on my back, staring up at the belly of the Cessna, with only my boot 8 to the pilot. I tried to pull myself up to reach the buckle (搭扣), but I just couldn’t,” Ayers recalled. Thousands of feet in the air, hanging from the plane, Ayers was 9 . “And what happened next was 10 ,” Ayers said. “The 23-year-old pilot unbuckled her seat belt, bent down, with both hands off the yoke (操纵杆), and 11 my ankle.” Ayers fell away from the plane, opened his chute (降落伞) and landed safely. After landing, he wasn’t able to 12 the pilot and thank her because the plane had flown to another city. But more than 50 years later, she often 13 his mind. “To this day, I can see her two hands 14 the door to unbuckle the belt,” Ayers said. “I owe my life to this person and will always think of her as one of the 15 people imaginable.” 1. A．window B．tower C．plane D．train 2. A．preparation B．comparison C．conclusion D．reward 3. A．repaired B．checked C．decorated D．removed 4. A．surviving B．observing C．remaining D．practicing 5. A．treat B．honor C．turn D．right 6. A．head B．hand C．chest D．foot 7. A．eventually B．completely C．deliberately D．constantly 8. A．visible B．familiar C．appealing D．relevant 9. A．ambitious B．innocent C．impressive D．desperate 10. A．complicated B．incredible C．reasonable D．meaningless 11. A．twisted B．freed C．raised D．cured 12. A．comfort B．pay C．find D．aid 13. A．empties B．crosses C．changes D．records 14. A．reaching out of B．knocking at C．breaking away from D．lifting up 15. A．simplest B．gentlest C．smartest D．bravest 【答案】 1. C 2. A 3. D 4. C 5. C 6. D 7. B 8. A 9. D 10. B 11. B 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Alan Ayers在跳伞时，脚被卡住，人悬在半空，飞行员看到以后解开了自己的安全带，给他解开了皮带。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这不是他第一次从飞机上跳下来，但几乎是最后一次了。A. window窗户；B. tower塔；C. plane飞机；D. train火车。根据上文“In 1970, Alan Ayers was preparing for a skydiving competition in Gainesville, Florida.(1970年，艾伦·艾尔斯正在为佛罗里达州盖恩斯维尔的跳伞比赛做准备)”可知，艾伦·艾尔斯是从飞机上跳下来。故选C。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在准备过程中，为了不影响他们的跳伞，乘客门和副驾驶座位都被拆除了。A. preparation准备；B. comparison比较；C. conclusion结论；D. reward奖励。后文提到乘客门和副驾驶座位都被拆除，这是为跳伞做准备。故选A。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在准备过程中，为了不影响他们的跳伞，乘客门和副驾驶座位都被拆除了。A. repaired修理；B. checked检查；C. decorated装饰；D. removed去除。根据后文“so that they wouldn’t disturb their skydive”可知，为了不影响他们的跳伞，乘客门和副驾驶座位都被拆除了。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：艾尔斯的队友先跳了下去，飞机上只剩下他和飞行员两个人。A. surviving生存；B. observing观察；C. remaining剩下，留下；D. practicing练习。根据上文“Ayers’ teammates jumped first, leaving him and the pilot as the only two people”提到艾尔斯的队友先跳了下去，所以飞机上只剩下他和飞行员两个人，remain表示“留下”符合语境。故选C。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：轮到艾尔斯了。A. treat款待；B. honor荣誉；C. turn轮次；D. right权利。上文提到艾尔斯的队友先跳了下去，所以是轮到艾尔斯了。故选C。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但当他走到空中时，他的脚被副驾驶的安全带卡住了。A. head头；B. hand手；C. chest胸部；D. foot脚。根据后文“out of the plane on my back, staring up at the belly of the Cessna”提到他仰面躺在飞机外面，盯着塞斯纳飞机的腹部，所以脚被副驾驶的安全带卡住了。故选D。 7. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：“我完全仰面躺在飞机外面，盯着塞斯纳飞机的腹部，飞行员只能看到我的靴子。A. eventually最后；B. completely完全地；C. deliberately故意地；D. constantly持续地。根据后文“out of the plane on my back”以及上文提到脚被安全带卡住，所以是完全仰面躺在飞机外面，故选B。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我完全仰面躺在飞机外面，盯着塞斯纳飞机的腹部，飞行员只能看到我的靴子。A. visible看得见的；B. familiar熟悉的；C. appealing吸引人的；D. relevant有关的。上文提到他的脚被卡住，所以飞行员只能看到靴子。故选A。 9. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在几千英尺高的空中，悬在飞机上，艾尔斯绝望了。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. innocent无辜的；C. impressive印象深刻的；D. desperate绝望的。根据上文“Thousands of feet in the air, hanging from the plane”描述的情境可知，在几千英尺高的空中，悬在飞机上，艾尔斯绝望了。故选D。 10. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“接下来发生的事情令人难以置信，”艾尔斯说。A. complicated复杂的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. reasonable合理的；D. meaningless无意义的。根据后文飞行员不顾自身安危，解开了安全带去帮助艾尔斯，可知是难以置信，incredible符合语境。故选B。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“这名23岁的飞行员解开了安全带，弯下腰，双手离开了操纵杆，松开了我的脚踝。”A. twisted扭曲；B. freed释放；C. raised抚养；D. cured治愈。根据后文“my ankle”以及上文提到他的脚被安全带卡住，所以是松开了脚踝。故选B。 12. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：降落后，他没能找到飞行员并感谢她，因为飞机已经飞到了另一个城市。A. comfort安慰；B. pay支付；C. find找到；D. aid帮助。根据后文“because the plane had flown to another city”可知，飞机已经飞到了另一个城市，没能找到飞行员表示感谢。故选C。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但50多年后，她经常浮现在他的脑海里。A. empties清空；B. crosses穿越；C. changes改变；D. records记录。根据后文“his mind”指飞行员出现在他脑海，应用固定短语cross one’s  mind（出现在脑海）。故选B。 14. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：“直到今天，我还能看到她伸出双手解开皮带，”艾尔斯说。A. reaching out of接触，伸出；B. knocking at敲门；C. breaking away from脱离；D. lifting up举起。根据后文“the door to unbuckle the belt”指手伸出门去解开皮带，故选A。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“我欠她一条命，我永远认为她是我能想象到的最勇敢的人之一。”A. simplest最简单的；B. gentlest最温柔的；C. smartest最聪明的；D. bravest最勇敢的。根据上文可知飞行员不顾自身安全，解开皮带去帮助艾尔斯，可知是最勇敢的。故选D。 Passage 10 （23-24高二下·湖南·阶段练习）In May 1869, John Wesley Powell, a former Union Army major who had lost most of his right 1 in the Battle of Shiloh, led 10 2 in launching four heavy wooden boats loaded to the gunwales with 10 months of supplies. Three of the boats were made of oak, more suitable for cruising lakes than busting through rapids (急流). None of the men were 3 boatmen. The one-armed captain of the crew had maps with gaps in them. 4 , it was the grandest expedition (探险) since Lewis and Clark. Over 500 rapids and 1,000 miles of 5 currents awaited them. Though Powell had boats custom-made for the 6 , they were heavy. He recruited men who knew how to 7 in the wilderness but had never navigated (横越) a river. He packed so much food that it 8 sank the boats from the start. Much of the journey was spent 9 boats damaged while portaging around rapids and carving new oars out of driftwood. Food was lost or spoiled, game was scarce, and Powell went inland to 10 with the Indians for food. The expedition spent days in 11 water and 115-degree heat. Three men deserted the cause along the way. The crew slept on boulders and 12 wet clothing the next morning. And most of the time, they had no idea what lay ahead. But at the end of the arduous journey, they had successfully 13 the challenges and mapped a wilderness previously labeled as “territory unknown.” As the West expanded, Powell’s maps would be 14 . Beauty is in the living of life, in looking beyond the challenges to the 15 of the small moments we achieve — sometimes against all odds. 1. A．leg B．arm C．ear D．finger 2. A．explorers B．soldiers C．heroes D．boatmen 3. A．rude B．greedy C．experienced D．honest 4. A．Still B．Otherwise C．Thus D．And 5. A．remote B．quiet C．unknown D．vast 6. A．trip B．journey C．travel D．tour 7. A．live B．hunt C．hide D．survive 8. A．nearly B．already C．mostly D．never 9. A．making B．handling C．rowing D．repairing 10. A．talk B．discuss C．fight D．negotiate 11. A．shallow B．freezing C．violent D．polluted 12. A．pulled in B．pulled up C．pulled on D．pulled at 13. A．adapted to B．stuck to C．saw to D．got to 14. A．reliable B．priceless C．measurable D．considerable 15. A．strength B．attempt C．position D．wonder 【答案】 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. A 9. D 10. D 11. B 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了1869年5月，失去右臂的前联邦军队上校约翰·威斯利·鲍威尔率领10名队员，乘坐四艘满载10个月补给的重型木船，进行探险的故事。尽管面临重重困难，如急流、船只破损、食物短缺等，他们仍坚持完成探险，成功绘制了此前未知的荒野地图。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1869 年 5 月，在希洛战役中失去了大部分右臂的前联邦陆军少校约翰·威斯利·鲍威尔带领 10 名探险家驾驶四艘满载 10 个月补给品的重型木船启航。A. leg腿；B. arm手臂；C. ear耳朵；D. finger手指。根据第二段中“The one-armed captain of the crew had maps with gaps in them. ”可知，约翰·威斯利·鲍威尔失去了右臂。故选B项。 2. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：1869 年 5 月，在希洛战役中失去了大部分右臂的前联邦陆军少校约翰·威斯利·鲍威尔带领 10 名探险家驾驶四艘满载 10 个月补给品的重型木船启航。A. explorers探险家；B. soldiers士兵；C. heroes英雄；D. boatmen船夫。根据上文“led 10...”和第三段中“He recruited men who knew how to 7 in the wilderness but had never navigated ( 横越) a river.”可推知，鲍威尔带领10 名探险家开启航程。故选A项。 3. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些人没有一个是有经验的船员。A. rude粗鲁的；B. greedy贪婪的；C. experienced有经验的；D. honest诚实的。根据第三段中“He recruited men who knew how to 7 in the wilderness but had never navigated (横越) a river.”可知，鲍威尔招募的人都不是有经验的船员。故选C项。 4. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不过这仍然是自刘易斯和克拉克以来最伟大的一次探险。A. Still不过；B. Otherwise否则；C. Thus因此；D. And并且。上文“None of the men were 3 boatmen. The one-armed captain of the crew had maps with gaps in them.”陈述了鲍威尔探险队面临的成员不专业，地图不完整等问题，下文“it was the grandest expedition (探险) since Lewis and Clark.”却肯定其意义，并把这次探险与刘易斯和克拉克的探险相提并论，上下文有转折关系。副词still意为“不过”，符合句意。故选A项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：超过500个激流和1000英里未知的水流等待着他们。A. remote遥远的；B. quiet安静的；C. unknown未知的；D. vast广阔的。根据上文“maps with gaps in them”和第四段中“Much of the journey was spent 9 boats damaged while portaging around rapids and carving new oars out of driftwood.”可推知，因为地图缺失，鲍威尔一行的航行前途未卜，充满未知的激流的水流。故选C项。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然鲍威尔为这次旅行定制了船，但船很沉。A. trip旅行(短途)；B. journey旅程(长途)；C. travel旅行(泛指)；D. tour观光。根据第四段中“Much of the journey”可知，用journey表示长途旅程，原词复现。故选B项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他招募了一些知道如何在荒野中生存但从未在河流中航行过的人。A. live生活；B. hunt狩猎；C. hide隐藏；D. survive生存。根据下文“but had never navigated (横越) a river”可推知，这些人知道如何在荒野中生存，但不知道如何在河道中航行，上下文是转折关系。故选D项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：他装了那么多食物，一开始就险些把船弄沉。A. nearly几乎，险些；B. already已经；C. mostly主要地；D. never从不。根据上文可知，探险顺利启航，所以“sank the boats from the start”是没有发生的事情，所以是险些把船弄沉。故选A项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：旅途的大部分时间都花在修理在急流中搬运时损坏的船只和用浮木雕刻新桨上。A. making制作；B. handling处理；C. rowing划船；D. repairing修理。根据下文“boats damaged”可知，要修理损坏的船只。故选D项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：食物丢失或变质，猎物稀少，鲍威尔前往内陆与印第安人谈判食物。A. talk谈话；B. discuss讨论；C. fight打架；D. negotiate谈判。根据下文“with the Indians for food”可知，鲍威尔要与印第安人谈判来获得食物。故选D项。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：探险队在冰冷的水中和115度的高温中度过了无数的日子。A. shallow浅的；B. freezing冰冷的；C. violent猛烈的；D. polluted被污染的。根据下文“115-degree heat”可推知，句中描述的是探险队经历的极端环境，结合选项，freezing water“冰冷的水”符合语境。故选B项。 12. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：船员们睡在巨石上，第二天早上穿上湿衣服。A. pulled in拉进；B. pulled up停下；C. pulled on穿上；D. pulled at拉扯。根据下文“wet clothing the next morning”可知，第二天早上穿上湿衣服。故选C项。 13. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：但在艰苦的旅程结束时，他们成功地适应了挑战，并绘制了一片以前被标记为“未知领域”的荒野。A. adapted to适应；B. stuck to坚持；C. saw to注意到；D. got to到达。根据上文“successfully”可推知，他们最终成功适应了面临的种种挑战。故选A项。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：随着西部的扩张，鲍威尔的地图将是无价的。A. reliable可靠的；B. priceless无价的；C. measurable可测量的；D. considerable相当多的。根据上文“mapped a wilderness previously labeled as “territory unknown.””和“As the West expanded”可知，鲍威尔绘制了更完整的西部地图，所以在西部扩张中，他的地图将是无价之宝。故选B项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：美存在于生活中，存在于超越挑战，看到我们取得成就时刻的奇迹中——有时是克服重重困难。A. strength力量；B. attempt尝试；C. position位置；D. wonder奇迹。根据上文可知，鲍威尔探险队完成了不可能的任务，结合句中“beyond the challenges”和“the small moments we achieve”可知，超越挑战，取得成就是一种奇迹。故选D项。 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （23-24高二下·广东佛山·期末）I started stuttering (结巴) at 10 when my father died. I lost confidence when speaking, especially in unfamiliar situations. Science seemed a(n) 1 for me as I assumed that research is done alone and requires little interaction with others. 2 , I soon learned it’s hardly a job for someone afraid to talk. Throughout the course of my doctoral studies, I practiced every talk I had to 3 over and over until I was sure I would not have to think about the contents when presenting. During group meetings, where my familiar workmates already knew about my 4 , I learned to speak up. But in a 5 audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet. If I had question during a talk, I would wait to ask the speaker 6 or just keep it to myself. This all 7 when I moved to a new institution and was asked to start a seminar series. And suddenly I was inviting potential speakers and planning their 8 . I soon realized I could not just sit back and 9 as before, but I was worried that my stutter might trip me up in front of my fellow workers. Anyway, I managed to push that 10 aside and accept the responsibility. The first few talks were quite 11 . As I got more practice week after week, I discovered the 12 went far beyond being a good host. I still 13 sometimes, and I carefully choose my words to 14 my stutter. But I know that facing my 15 has helped me become a better researcher. 1. A．daydream B．mystery C．shelter D．adventure 2. A．Therefore B．Moreover C．Fortunately D．However 3. A．deliver B．write C．organize D．host 4. A．failure B．career C．habit D．problem 5. A．larger B．cleverer C．less attentive D．more enthusiastic 6. A．constantly B．privately C．eagerly D．politely 7. A．happened B．changed C．worked D．failed 8. A．visits B．routes C．research D．deadline 9. A．laugh B．imagine C．listen D．relax 10. A．speech B．relationship C．seminar D．concern 11. A．boring B．smooth C．inspiring D．stressful 12. A．benefits B．responses C．requirements D．expectations 13. A．show off B．lose heart C．hesitate D．wonder 14. A．cure B．hide C．describe D．understand 15. A．words B．fears C．job D．choice 【答案】 1. C 2. D 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. B 7. B 8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. C 14. B 15. B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者患有口吃，为了逃避交流，作者投向了科学，但后来作者意识到研究也需要说话，经过不断的练习讲话以及作者思想的转变，作者逐渐克服了口吃的问题，直面恐惧让作者成了一名更好的研究者。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：科学似乎是我的避难所，因为我认为研究是独自完成的，几乎不需要与他人互动。A. daydream白日梦；B. mystery秘密；C. shelter避难处；D. adventure冒险。根据“as I assumed that research is done alone and requires little interaction with others”可知，作者认为科学研究是独自完成的，很少需要与他人交流，因此科学对他来说是一个避难所，让他可以避免与人交流。故选C。 2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，我很快就明白了它对于害怕交谈的人来说并不是一项容易的工作。A. Therefore因此；B. Moreover而且；C. Fortunately幸运地；D. However然而。前文“Science seemed a(n) 　　1　　for me as I assumed that research is done alone and requires little interaction with others.”和“I soon learned it’s hardly a job for someone afraid to talk”之间是转折关系，作者意为科学是一个很少需要与人交流的地方，但作者发现这项工作对于害怕交流的人来说并不容易。故选D。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我攻读博士的整个过程中，我一遍又一遍地练习我必须发表的每一篇演讲，直到我确信在演讲时不必考虑内容。A. deliver发表；B. write写；C. organize安排；D. host主持。根据“Throughout the course of my doctoral studies, I practiced every talk”可知，I had to ___3___是定语从句，修饰先行词every talk，这里表示发表演讲，应用deliver。故选A。 4. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在小组会议上，我熟悉的同事已经知道了我的问题，我学会了大声说话。A. failure失败；B. career事业；C. habit习惯；D. problem问题。根据“my familiar workmates”可知，熟悉作者的同事知道作者有口吃问题。故选D。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但在更大的听众中，比如在部门研讨会上，我保持沉默。A. larger更大的；B. cleverer更聪明的；C. less attentive更不注意力集中的；D. more enthusiastic更热情的。根据“such as a departmental seminar (研讨会)”可知，这里与“group meetings”相对，表示在更大的听众之中。故选A。 6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果我在演讲中有问题，我会等着私下问演讲者，或者自己回答。A. constantly始终，重复不断地；B. privately私下地；C. eagerly热切地；D. politely礼貌地。根据上文中的“But in a 　　5　　audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet.”可知，当有更大的听众时，作者会保持沉默，如果有问题，作者会等着私下问演讲者。故选B。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我搬到一个新的机构，并被要求开始一个系列的研讨会时，一切都改变了。A. happened发生了；B. changed改变；C. worked工作；D. failed失败。根据下文中的“I soon realized I could not just sit back and 　　9　　as before”可知，作者意识到自己不能像以前那样坐着不管了，所以事情发生了改变。故选B。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：突然间，我要邀请潜在的演讲者，并计划他们的访问。A. visits访问；B. routes路线；C. research研究；D. deadline截止日期。根据“inviting potential speakers”可知，作者要邀请潜在的演讲者前来演讲，即安排他们来访。故选A。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我很快意识到我不能像以前那样坐着听，但我担心我的口吃可能会让我在同事面前出错。A. laugh笑；B. imagine想象；C. listen听；D. relax放松。根据上文中的“But in a 　　5　　audience, such as a departmental seminar (研讨会), I kept quiet.”可知，作者以前会在研讨会上保持沉默，即听别人讲。故选C。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：不管怎样，我设法把这种担忧抛在一边，接受了责任。A. speech演说；B. relationship关系；C. seminar研讨会；D. concern担心。根据上文中的“I was worried that my stutter might trip me up in front of my fellow workers”可知，对于这个任务，作者有一些担心。故选D。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最初的几次演讲压力很大。A. boring令人厌倦（或厌烦）的；B. smooth平滑的；C. inspiring鼓舞人心的；D. stressful压力大的。根据下文中的“As I got more practice week after week, I discovered the 　　12　　went far beyond being a good host.”可知，一开始的几次演讲让作者很有压力，但随着练习的增多，情况逐渐好转。故选D。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着我一周又一周地进行更多的练习，我发现这些好处远远不止是成为一名好主持人。A. benefits好处；B. responses反应；C. requirements要求；D. expectations期望。根据空后的“went far beyond being a good host”可知，作者发现这些演讲带来的好处很多，不仅仅是帮助作者成为一名优秀的主持人。故选A。 13. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：有时我还是会犹豫，我会谨慎地选择措辞来掩饰我的口吃。A. show off炫耀；B. lose heart丧失信心；C. hesitate犹豫；D. wonder想知道。根据“I carefully choose my words to 　　14　　my stutter”可知，作者依然有口吃问题，但他会谨慎地选择措辞来掩饰这个问题，由此可知，作者在说话口吃时会有犹豫的情况。故选C。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意参考上题。A. cure治愈；B. hide掩盖；C. describe描述；D. understand理解。根据空前的“carefully choose my words”可知，作者谨慎地选择一些措辞来掩饰自己的口吃问题。故选B。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我知道，面对恐惧帮助我成了一名更好的研究者。A. words话语；B. fears恐惧；C. job工作；D. choice选择。根据空前的“facing my”以及上文作者逃避交流并与口吃问题抗争可知，这里指面对恐惧。故选B。 Passage 12 （23-24高二下·陕西西安·期末）I found a brown bag outside after our move. “Grass Seed,” it said in big letters. My husband and I 1 the seeds all over the dirty yard in front of our new house. “I have no idea if they will 2 ,” I told him, “but it’s worth a shot.” Just like our 3 to move to the rural Arizona. Near our new house sat a charming cottage, which was 4 to tourists. I got a job offer to 5 the cottage. I’d worked in hotels for years, so when offered the chance, I 6 it. Still, it was a big change. I 7 that it would be a right move. While we waited for our grass to grow — or not — we 8 settled into our new house through our efforts. We made it a cozy home, despite the 9 in the front yard, which was still bare now. Meanwhile, many of the cottage guests became 10 , and I got to know them well. I felt 11 to make their stays memorable. Perhaps I was better at that than 12 . But after a monsoon (季风) swept through, I woke up to a beautiful morning and looked out the window. There was no grass growing in the sunlight. 13 , our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have 14 , just like our new life. And it remains a powerful 15 of the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter. 1. A．spread B．sought C．collected D．removed 2. A．remain B．last C．root D．dry 3. A．need B．decision C．intention D．agreement 4. A．given B．introduced C．sold D．rented 5. A．explore B．tend C．advertise D．decorate 6. A．put forward B．tried out C．jumped at D．turned down 7. A．prayed B．decided C．pretended D．understood 8. A．naturally B．gradually C．hardly D．temporarily 9. A．danger B．potential C．uncertainty D．untidiness 10. A．locals B．employers C．gardeners D．regulars 11. A．curious B．grateful C．stressed D．proud 12. A．house renting B．yard cleaning C．grass growing D．house keeping 13. A．Instead B．Otherwise C．Besides D．Therefore 14. A．remembered B．imagined C．designed D．appreciated 15. A．reminder B．memory C．test D．choice 【答案】 1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. B 9. C 10. D 11. D 12. C 13. A 14. B 15. A 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述的是作者和丈夫在搬到亚利桑那州乡村的新家后，尝试在前院种植草籽以改善院子环境，然而，他们的努力并未直接得到预期的结果——院子里并没有长出草来。相反，一阵季风过后，院子里意外地长出了彩虹般的百日菊，使院子变得比他们想象的还要美丽。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我和丈夫把种子撒满了新房前肮脏的院子。A. spread撒，散播；B. sought寻找；C. collected收集；D. removed去除。根据下文“the seeds all over the dirty yard”及“ our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)!”可知，作者和丈夫把种子撒在院子里。故选A项。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我不知道它们是否会扎根，”我告诉他，“但值得一试”。A. remain保持；B. last持续；C. root生根；D. dry(使)变干。根据上文“My husband and I ____1____ the seeds all over the dirty yard”可知，作者和丈夫在院子里撒下了种子，作者不知道那些种子是否会生根。故选C项。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就像我们决定搬到亚利桑那州的乡村一样。A. need需要；B. decision决定；C. intention目的，意图；D. agreement同意。根据下文“to move to the rural Arizona”可知，作者决定搬到亚利桑那州的乡村。故选B项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在我们的新房子附近有一个出租给游客的迷人小屋。A. given给；B. introduced介绍；C. sold卖；D. rented出租。根据上文“a charming cottage”和下文“to tourists”可知，那个小屋是租给游客。故选D项。 5. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我得到了一份照看小屋的工作。A. explore探索；B. tend照看；C. advertise打广告；D. decorate装饰。根据下文“We made it a cozy home”可知，作者得到的工作是照看那个小屋。故选B项。 6. 考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：我在酒店工作多年，所以当有机会时，我就欣然接受了。A. put forward提出；B. tried out试验；C. jumped at欣然接受；D. turned down拒绝。根据上文“I’d worked in hotels for years, so when offered the chance,”可知，我在酒店工作多年，所以当有机会时就会欣然接受。故选C项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我祈祷这将是一个正确的举动。A. prayed祈祷；B. decided决定；C. pretended假装；D. understood明白。根据上文“Still, it was a big change.”及下文“it would be a right move”可知，这是个很大的变化，所以作者祈祷这将是一个正确的举动。故选A项。 8. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：在等待草长出来或长不出来的时候，我们通过努力逐渐适应了我们的新房子。A. naturally自然地，天然地；B. gradually逐渐；C. hardly几乎不；D. temporarily暂时地。根据下文“settled into our new house through our efforts”可知，作者他们是逐渐适应新房子。故选B项。 9. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们把它变成了一个舒适的家，尽管前院的情况不确定，现在还是空荡荡的。A. danger危险；B. potential潜力；C. uncertainty不确定性；D. untidiness不整洁。根据上文“I have no idea if they will ____2____”和“we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知，作者他们也不知道院子里的种子会不会发芽，这是一种不确定性。故选C项。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，小屋里的许多客人成了常客，我也和他们很熟了。A. locals本地人；B. employers雇主；C. gardeners园丁；D. regulars常客。根据下文“I got to know them well”可知，作者和那些客人很熟了，说明那些客人经常来，是常客。故选D项。 11. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我很自豪能让他们留下难忘的回忆。A. curious好奇的；B. grateful感激的；C. stressed焦虑的，紧张的；D. proud自豪的。根据下文“make their stays memorable”可知，作者让客人们留下了难忘的回忆，这让作者自豪。故选D项。 12. 考查名词短语词义辨析。句意：也许我更擅长这个，而不是种草。A. house renting租房子；B. yard cleaning清洁院子；C. grass growing种草；D. house keeping持家。根据上文“While we waited for our grass to grow—or not”可知，作者觉得自己照看小屋比种草做得好。故选C项。 13. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：相反，我们的院子里覆盖着彩虹般的百日菊！A. Instead相反；B. Otherwise否则；C. Besides另外；D. Therefore因此。根据上文“There was no grass growing in the sunlight”及下文“our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias”可知，前后是相反的内容，空格处表示“相反”。故选A项。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：前院变得比我料想的还要好，就像我们的新生活一样。A. remembered记得；B. imagined想象、料想；C. designed设计；D. appreciated欣赏。根据上文“we waited for our grass to grow”和“our yard was covered in a rainbow of zinnias (百日菊)! The front yard turned out even better than I could have”可知，作者刚开始都不确定种下的种子是否会发芽，但是现在院子里满是百日菊，所以前院比作者料想的要好。故选B项。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：它仍然有力地提醒我们，在新的篇章中，等待我们的是美好。A. reminder提醒物；B. memory记忆；C. test测试；D. choice选择。根据下文“the beauty that awaits us in our new chapter”可知，院子变得比料想的要好，这一点提醒我们，在新的篇章中，等待我们的是美好，空格处意为“提醒物”。故选A项。 Passage 13 （22-23高二下·云南曲靖·阶段练习）“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!” I 1 to my mother as we moved boxes. 2 , going home was not easy because my home was 1,100 miles away. I was born and 3 in Virginia. Virginia was my home, and I never expected that to 4 . Last year, my parents decided to move to my mom’s hometown, New Orleans. Only three months after my parents made the 5 to move, I found myself moving boxes into our new house. My announcement to my mother that I 6 the new environment was mostly due to the fact that I felt like my entire life had been turned upside down. Far away from almost everyone and everything I had ever known, I was 7 . To make matters worse, I was starting high school in two weeks. Starting high school is a scary 8 on its own. I spent my first few months in New Orleans, 9 wanting to go back to Virginia. But after that, I 10 that I had a choice. I could continue missing my old home, or I could start trying to build a new home right here. I 11 the latter. As soon as I stopped giving all my 12 to how much I missed Virginia, I was able to begin accepting the love that local people were giving me. I joined some clubs at school, which gave me the chance to make friends. My neighbors taught me how to cook some local food, and I found a wonderful 13 of neighbors. Overall, I seized every possible opportunity to 14 myself and to rebuild my life. Because of my resilience(适应力) in creating a new home for myself and the 15 that local people have shown to me, home is right here. 1. A．turned B．replied C．announced D．pointed 2. A．Therefore B．Instead C．However D．Besides 3. A．trained B．fed C．promoted D．raised 4. A．develop B．change C．exist D．continue 5. A．command B．suggestion C．excuse D．decision 6. A．disliked B．missed C．preferred D．imagined 7. A．surprised B．frightened C．delighted D．relieved 8. A．performance B．region C．experience D．presentation 9. A．partly B．badly C．slightly D．hardly 10. A．realized B．remembered C．observed D．complained 11. A．favored B．ignored C．began D．chose 12. A．attention B．patience C．trust D．confidence 13. A．generation B．community C．race D．school 14. A．better B．accept C．judge D．teach 15. A．belief B．freedom C．love D．interest 【答案】 1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. D 6. A 7. B 8. C 9. B 10. A 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了作者一家搬到了新地方定居，一开始作者非常不适应，想要回到从前的家，但后来作者选择接受现状，也得到了当地人的关爱，最终适应了新环境，决定把这里当作自己的家。 1. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我讨厌新奥尔良！我想回家！”当我们搬箱子时，我向母亲宣布。A. turned（使）转向；B. replied回复；C. announced宣布；D. pointed指向。根据句中的“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!(我讨厌新奥尔良！我想回家！)”和第三段中的“My announcement to my mother”可知，作者向妈妈宣布自己的意见。故选C。 2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：然而，回家并不容易，因为我家在1100英里外。A. Therefore因此；B. Instead反而；C. However然而；D. Besides此外。根据上文中的“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!(我讨厌新奥尔良！我想回家！)”和空后的“going home was not easy because my home was 1,100 miles away”可知，前面讲作者宣布自己想回家，后面说回家并不容易实现，前后是转折关系。故选C。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我在弗吉尼亚州出生和长大。A. trained训练；B. fed喂养；C. promoted提升；D. raised抚养，养育。根据下文中的“Virginia was my home”可知，作者认为弗吉尼亚州就是自己的家，所以作者是在这里出生并被抚养长大的。故选D。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：弗吉尼亚是我的家，我从没想过会改变。A. develop发展；B. change改变；C. exist存在；D. continue继续。根据下文“Last year, my parents decided to move to my mom’s hometown, New Orleans.(去年，我父母决定搬到我妈妈的家乡新奥尔良。)”可知，作者一家要离开弗吉尼亚并搬家到新奥尔良，作者的家变了。故选B。 5. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：就在我父母决定搬家仅三个月后，我发现自己把箱子搬进了我们的新房子。A. command命令；B. suggestion建议；C. excuse借口；D. decision决定。根据第二段中的“my parents decided to move”可知，父母决定搬家，make the decision意为“作出决定”。故选D。 6. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我向妈妈宣布我不喜欢新环境，主要是因为我觉得我的整个生活都被颠覆了。A. disliked不喜欢；B. missed错过，想念；C. preferred更喜欢；D. imagined想象。根据第一段中的“I hate New Orleans! (我讨厌新奥尔良！)”可知，作者不喜欢新环境。故选A。 7. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：远离几乎我所认识的所有人和一切事物，我很害怕。A. surprised惊讶的；B. frightened害怕的；C. delighted高兴的；D. relieved感到宽慰的。根据句中的“Far away from almost everyone and everything I had ever known”和常识可知，远离熟悉的人和事物会让人产生害怕心理。故选B。 8. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：上高中本身就是一种可怕的经历。A. performance表现，表演；B. region地区；C. experience经历；D. presentation报告，介绍。根据空前的“To make matters worse, I was starting high school in two weeks.”可知，上高中是可怕的经历。故选C。 9. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：我在新奥尔良度过了最初的几个月，非常想回到弗吉尼亚州。A. partly部分地；B. badly非常；C. slightly稍微地；D. hardly几乎不。根据第一段的“I hate New Orleans! I wanna go home!”和空后的“wanting to go back to Virginia”可知，作者非常想回去。故选B。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但在那之后，我意识到我有一个选择。A. realized意识到；B. remembered记得；C. observed观察到；D. complained抱怨。根据空后的“that I had a choice”可知，作者意识到自己有选择。故选A。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我选择了后者。A. favored较喜欢；B. ignored忽视；C. began开始；D. chose选择。根据上文中的“I had a choice”和“I could continue missing my old home, or I could start trying to build a new home right here.(我可以继续怀念我的旧家，或者我可以开始尝试在这里建造一个新家。)”可知，作者有两种选择，最终作者选择了后者。故选D。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一停止将所有注意力集中在我有多么想念弗吉尼亚州上，我就能够开始接受当地人给我的爱了。A. attention注意力；B. patience耐心；C. trust相信；D. confidence自信。根据空后的“to how much I missed Virginia”可知，这里指关注自己有多么想念弗吉尼亚州这件事。故选A。 13. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我的邻居教我如何烹饪当地食物，而且我发现了一个很棒的邻居社区。A. generation一代人；B. community社区；C. race种族；D. school学习。根据空后的“of neighbors”可知，这里是说一个邻居社区。故选B。 14. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：总的来说，我抓住每一个可能的机会来改进自己，重建我的生活。A. better胜过，上进，改进；B. accept接受；C. judge判断；D. teach教。根据空后的“to rebuild my life”可知，作者抓住机会改进自己、重建生活。故选A。 15. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：因为我在为自己创造新家方面的适应力以及当地人对我表现出的关爱，家就在这里。A. belief相信，信念；B. freedom自由；C. love爱；D. interest兴趣。根据上文中的“I was able to begin accepting the love that local people were giving me”可知，这里表示当地人对作者的关爱。故选C。 Passage 14 （23-24高二下·广东佛山·期中）If you walk around the Rahway Trail in the South Mountain Reservation of Millburn, New Jersey, you might spot more than plants and creatures. Small fantastic 1 are hidden in the tree trunks and branches—an amazingly lovely sight in this 2 normal-looking forest nowadays. The idea to 3 small wooden houses to the landscape came from Therese Ojibway, who 10 years ago wanted her son, who has autism (自闭症), to have a safe space to 4 in the wilderness. “So she found Rahway Trail and started constructing the houses and leaving 5 decorations here and there for her son,” said Julie Gould, one of the keepers of the trail. The South Mountain Conservancy later noticed the sudden 6 of little houses around the forest. Learning Ojibway’s story, they 7 her to continue building her magical kingdom to what is now known as the Fairy Trail. “She thought this was a (n) 8 way of getting little children like her son into nature, 9 them to use their imaginations and creativity,” said Beth Kelly, another trail keeper. Ojibway and her son moved out of the area a few years ago, but the Fairy Trail 10 . Gould and Kelly were 11 asked to become the “Makers and Keepers” of the trail. The women, along with volunteers, continue to help build little wooden homes for 12 with special needs. “To give these kids 13 houses to live in, most of the homes are made out of 14 elements that can then break down back into the forest. We get 15 when we see the children come here and the kingdom make their day.” 1. A．courts B．houses C．woods D．departments 2. A．obviously B．willingly C．otherwise D．indeed 3. A．add B．deliver C．move D．lift 4. A．recommend B．design C．harvest D．explore 5. A．expensive B．sweet C．strange D．serious 6. A．restoration B．collapse C．appearance D．growth 7. A．permitted B．prepared C．appointed D．preferred 8. A．accurate B．visual C．traditional D．creative 9. A．forcing B．reminding C．stimulating D．begging 10. A．functions B．remains C．survives D．varies 11. A．officially B．occasionally C．unluckily D．illegally 12. A．adults B．makers C．keepers D．kids 13. A．enormous B．secure C．lasting D．firm 14. A．natural B．similar C．familiar D．beautiful 15. A．defeated B．cheated C．rewarded D．supported 【答案】 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. C 10. B 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. A 15. C 【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要介绍了新泽西州米尔本Rahway小径上令人惊奇的小木屋，这些小木屋最初是由Therese Ojibway希望为患有自闭症的儿子提供一个安全的探索空间建造的，虽然Therese Ojibway和她的儿子已经搬走，但这些小木屋仍然存在，小径的管理员和志愿者们继续帮助有特殊需要的孩子们建造这些小木屋。 1. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：奇妙的小房子隐藏在树干和树枝中——在这片看起来正常的森林里，这是一幅令人惊叹的美丽景象。A. courts院子，场地；B. houses房子；C. woods森林；D. departments部门。根据下文中的“small wooden houses”可知，树干和树枝间隐藏着许多奇妙的小木“屋”符合语境。故选B项。 2. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：奇妙的小房子隐藏在树干和树枝中——在这片看起来正常的森林里，这是一幅令人惊叹的美丽景象。A. obviously明显地；B. willingly愿意地；C. otherwise否则、不同地；D. indeed确实。根据上文中的“an amazingly lovely sight”和下文中的“normal-looking forest”可知，如果没有这些令人惊奇的可爱景象的话，这片森林会看起来很普通，应用otherwise表示一种相反的假设。故选C项。 3. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在景观中添加小木屋的想法来自Therese Ojibway，她10年前希望她患有自闭症的儿子在荒野中有一个安全的探索空间。A. add添加；B. deliver传送；C. move移动；D. lift提升。根据下文中的“So she found Rahway Trail and started constructing the houses”可知，她在这里建造房子，因此是在景观中“添加”小木屋。故选A项。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在景观中添加小木屋的想法来自Therese Ojibway，她10年前希望她患有自闭症的儿子在荒野中有一个安全的探索空间。A. recommend推荐；B. design设计；C. harvest收获；D. explore探索。根据上文中的“who has autism (自闭症)”和下文中的“in the wilderness”可知，Ojibway是想让她患有自闭症的儿子在荒野中有一个安全的“探索”空间，符合语境。故选D项。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“所以她找到了Rahway小径，开始建造房子，到处给儿子留下可爱的装饰品，”小径的管理员之一Julie Gould说。A. expensive昂贵的；B. sweet可爱的；C. strange奇怪的；D. serious严肃的。根据上文中的“an amazingly lovely sight”可知，这些木屋是森林中令人惊奇的可爱景象，因此是“可爱的”装饰品。故选B项。 6. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：南山保护协会后来注意到森林周围突然出现了小房子。A. restoration修复；B. collapse坍塌；C. appearance出现；D. growth成长。根据上文中的“So she found Rahway Trail and started constructing the houses”可知，Ojibway在这里建造房子，因此是注意到森林周围突然“出现”了小房子。故选C项。 7. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：在了解了Ojibway的故事后，他们允许她继续建造她的魔法王国，也就是现在被称为“仙女之路”的地方。A. permitted允许；B. prepared准备；C. appointed任命，委派；D. preferred更喜欢。根据上文中的“The South Mountain Conservancy later noticed the sudden ____6____ of little houses around the forest.”以及“Learning Ojibway’s story”可知，南山保护协会先是注意到这些小房子，然后去了解了Ojibway的故事，由此可知，他们后来“允许”她继续建造这些小房子。故选A项。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：“她认为这是一种创造性的方式，可以让像她儿子这样的孩子进入大自然，激发他们的想象力和创造力，”另一位小径管理员Beth Kelly说。A. accurate准确的；B. visual虚拟的；C. traditional传统的；D. creative有创造力的。根据上文中的“So she found Rahway Trail and started constructing the houses”以及下文中的“way of getting little children like her son into nature”可知，Ojibway为自己的儿子建造小房子是因为她认为这种方式很有“创造力”，这样可以让像她儿子这样的孩子进入大自然。故选D项。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她认为这是一种创造性的方式，可以让像她儿子这样的孩子进入大自然，激发他们的想象力和创造力，”另一位小径管理员Beth Kelly说。A. forcing强迫；B. reminding提醒；C. stimulating刺激、激发；D. begging乞求。根据上文中的“She thought this was a (n) ____8____ way of getting little children like her son into nature”可知，Ojibway认为这是一种创造性的方式可以让像她儿子这样的孩子进入大自然，结合下文中的“them to use their imaginations and creativity”可知，此处指的是这样的方式可以“激发”他们的想象力和创造力。故选C项。 10. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Ojibway和她的儿子几年前搬出了这个地区，但仙女小径仍然存在。A. functions运行；B. remains保留；C. survives幸存；D. varies改变。根据上文中的“Ojibway and her son moved out of the area a few years ago”和表示转折的“but”可知，虽然Ojibway和她的儿子几年前搬出了这个地区，但是这条路“保留”了下来，符合语境。故选B项。 11. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：Gould 和 Kelly被正式邀请成为这条小径的“创造者和守护者”。A. officially官方地，正式地；B. occasionally偶然；C. unluckily不幸地；D. illegally非法地。根据上文中的“So she found Rahway Trail and started constructing the houses”可知，Ojibway先是自己建造小房子，结合“The South Mountain Conservancy later noticed the sudden ____6____ of little houses around the forest.”可知，小房子后来被南山保护协会发现并得到当同意，再后来离开了，以及下文中的“asked to become the “Makers and Keepers” of the trail”可知，这两人是被“正式地”邀请成为“创造者和守护者”。故选A项。 12. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些妇女和志愿者们继续帮助有特殊需要的孩子们建造小木屋。A. adults成年人；B. makers制造者；C. keepers守护者；D. kids孩子。根据语境以及上文中的“The women, along with volunteers, continue to help build little wooden homes”可知，这些妇女和志愿者们继续帮助建造小木屋，和下文中的“with special needs.”可知，Ojibway为她患有自闭症的儿子建造的小屋，由此可知，此处指的是继续帮助建造小屋给有特殊需要的“孩子”符合语境。故选D项。 13. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了给这些孩子提供安全的住所，大多数房屋都是由自然元素制成的，然后可以分解回森林中。A. enormous巨大的；B. secure安全的；C. lasting持续的；D. firm牢固的。根据下文中的“most of the homes are made out of ____14____ elements that can then break down back into the forest.”可知，大多数房屋都是由自然元素制成的，最终会回到森林中，因此是“安全的”住所，符合语境。故选B项。 14. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：为了给这些孩子提供安全的住所，大多数房屋都是由天然元素制成的，然后可以分解回森林中。A. natural天然的；B. similar类似的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. beautiful美丽的。根据下文中的“elements that can then break down back into the forest.”可知，这些元素都是可以分解回森林中的，由此可知，此处应指的是“天然的”元素，符合语境。故选A项。 15. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我们看到孩子们来到这里，看到王国让他们开心时，我们得到了奖励。A. defeated打败；B. cheated欺骗；C. rewarded奖励；D. supported支持。根据下文中的“when we see the children come here and the kingdom make their day.”可知，看到这个王国让孩子们开心，会让这些创造者和守护者觉得自己的工作得到了“回报”符合语境。故选C项。 Passage 15 （2023·辽宁·模拟预测）My mom, who was 95, lived in an assisted living care center in St. Paul, Minnesota. I drove up from Chicago one weekend for a visit. Her eyesight had grown 1 so she couldn’t read the newspapers. Her memory was 2 . But her deep love for us, her four 3 and her grandkids, and of life, still 4 although not so brightly. I told Mom that her hands looked really 5 and asked if she’d like some skin cream. “Sure,” she said. So I rubbed some Jergen’s lotion into her leathery palms and bent fingers, which used to play the piano so 6 . As I did this, she closed her eyes and 7 a deep sigh. “That feels good,” she said. That was the 8 conversation I had with my dear Mom in person. She died two months later. So I’m 9 now, on Mother’s Day, with this picture of her beautiful 95-year-old hands and all the 10 they carried. Those are the hands that 11 me out of the baby bed when I was crying, and that rubbed my neck shoulders when I was an 12 , pimply (长着粉刺的) teenager. Those were the hands that 13 eggs and squeezed orange juice –– all for me and my three brothers and my father. And those were the hands that taught me how to play the piano, in the hope I’d learn how to make music and know its impressive 14 and power. All I know to say this Mother’s Day is the same 15 , inadequate phrase I used to say to her all the time and that I now hear our three kids say to my wife, Carol. “Thanks, Mom.” 1. A．dark B．clear C．cloudy D．rainy 2. A．increasing B．slipping C．developing D．shining 3. A．brothers B．sisters C．sons D．daughters 4. A．fell B．shook C．lost D．burned 5. A．beautiful B．dry C．big D．thin 6. A．skillfully B．quickly C．violently D．loudly 7. A．let out B．drive off C．pick up D．put away 8. A．first B．least C．most D．last 9. A．caught B．occupied C．mixed D．left 10. A．hatred B．pity C．love D．interest 11. A．lifted B．dragged C．threw D．put 12. A．ambitious B．active C．energetic D．anxious 13. A．hatched B．fried C．rolled D．painted 14. A．curiosity B．dullness C．beauty D．difficulty 15. A．long B．wonderful C．light D．simple 【答案】 1. C 2. B 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. A 8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A 12. D 13. B 14. C 15. D 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了对自己母亲辛劳付出的感激。 1. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的视力变得模糊了，所以她不能看报纸。A. dark黑暗的；B. clear清楚的；C. cloudy混浊的，蒙眬的；D. rainy多雨的。根据上文“My mom, who was 95”和下文“she couldn’t read the newspapers”可知，作者母亲年龄太大了，所以视力变得模糊了，不能看报纸。故选C。 2. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：她的记忆力在下降。A. increasing增长；B. slipping下降；C. developing发展；D. shining发光。根据上文“My mom, who was 95”可知，作者母亲年龄太大了，记忆力在下降，故选B。 3. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但她对我们、她的四个儿子和孙子的爱，以及对生活的爱，虽然不那么明亮，但仍然燃烧着。A. brothers兄弟；B. sisters姐妹；C. sons儿子；D. daughters女儿。根据倒数第二段的“my three brothers”可知，此处表示“她的四个儿子”。故选C。 4. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但她对我们、她的四个儿子和孙子的爱，以及对生活的爱，虽然不那么明亮，但仍然燃烧着。A. fell落下；B. shook摇动；C. lost遗失；D. burned燃烧。根据下文“although not so brightly”可知，她对我们、她的四个儿子和孙子的爱，以及对生活的爱，虽然不那么明亮，但仍然燃烧着。故选D。 5. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我告诉妈妈，她的手看起来很干，问她是否需要一些护肤霜。A. beautiful美丽的；B. dry干的；C. big大的；D. thin瘦的。根据下文“asked if she’d like some skin cream”可知，她的手看起来很干。故选B。 6. 考查副词词义辨析。句意：于是我在她粗糙的手掌和弯曲的手指上擦了一些Jergen的润肤露，她的手指曾经弹钢琴弹得非常熟练。A. skillfully熟练地；B. quickly快速地；C. violently猛烈地；D. loudly大声地。根据下文“those were the hands that taught me how to play the piano”可知，以前作者的母亲弹琴很熟练。故选A。 7. 考查动词短语辨析。句意：就在我这样做的时候，她闭上了眼睛，深深地叹了口气。A. let out发出；B. drive off赶走；C. pick up捡起；D. put away放好。根据下文“a deep sigh”可知，她发出叹息。故选A。 8. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：那是我和我亲爱的妈妈最后一次面对面的谈话。A. first第一位的；B. least一点儿；C. most最多的；D. last最后的。根据下文“She died two months later”可知，那是作者和他亲爱的妈妈最后一次面对面的谈话。故选D。 9. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：所以，在母亲节那天，我留下了这张她95岁高龄的美丽双手的照片，以及这双手承载的爱。A. caught捕捉；B. occupied占用；C. mixed混合；D. left留下。根据下文“with this picture of her beautiful 95-year-old hands”可知，作者有了这张照片，在母亲节那天，作者留下这张照片。故选D。 10. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，在母亲节那天，我留下了这张她95岁高龄的美丽双手的照片，以及这双手承载的爱。A. hatred仇恨；B. pity同情；C. love喜爱；D. interest兴趣。根据下文“they carried”可知，作者留下了这张妈妈95岁高龄的美丽双手的照片，以及这双手承载的爱。故选C。 11. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我哭的时候，是这双手把我从婴儿床上抱起来；当我是一个焦虑的、满脸粉刺的青少年时，是这双手揉着我的脖子和肩膀。A. lifted举起；B. dragged拖，拽；C. threw抛；D. put放。根据下文“out of the baby bed when I was crying”可知，此处表示“当我哭的时候，是这双手把我从婴儿床上抱起来”。故选A。 12. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当我哭的时候，是这双手把我从婴儿床上抱起来；当我是一个焦虑的、满脸粉刺的青少年时，是这双手揉着我的脖子和肩膀。A. ambitious有抱负的；B. active积极主动的；C. energetic精力充沛的；D. anxious焦虑的。根据下文“pimply (长着粉刺的) teenager”可知，作者当时是一个满脸粉刺的青少年，处于青春期，应该很焦虑。故选D。 13. 考查动词词义辨析。句意：这双手曾经煎过鸡蛋、榨过橙汁——这一切都是为了我、我的三个兄弟和我的父亲。A. hatched孵化；B. fried油炸；C. rolled翻滚；D. painted涂颜料。根据下文“eggs”可知，此处表示“这双手曾经煎过鸡蛋”。故选B。 14. 考查名词词义辨析。句意：正是这双手教会了我如何弹钢琴，希望我能学习如何创作音乐，了解它令人印象深刻的美和力量。A. curiosity好奇心；B. dullness迟钝；C. beauty美丽；D. difficulty困难。根据上文“play the piano”可知，作者妈妈教作者弹琴，希望作者了解它令人印象深刻的美和力量。故选C。 15. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个母亲节，我所知道要说的话，就是我过去一直对她说的那句简单而不恰当的话，现在我听到我们的三个孩子对我妻子卡罗尔说的那句话。A. long长的；B. wonderful令人惊叹的；C. light浅色的；D. simple简单的。根据下文“Thanks, Mom”可知，这是一句简单的话。故选D。 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 41 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$