专题-S642 选修三 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 七选五【题型易-考试题型精练】高二下(选择性必修三)英语单元话题中心题型梯度训练 月考突破 题型特训（人教版2019）

专题-S642七选五 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·河南·阶段练习）Studies have shown that stress may affect not only your happiness but your overall health. It can lead to high blood levels, weight gain, and it even weakens your immune (免疫的) system. Small steps can make a world of difference. Here are a few tips to help prevent and reduce stress. 1 Reconnect with nature. Spending just 30 minutes a day in bright daylight can help to reset your body’s natural rhythm (节奏). It also helps us to get away from the daily distractions and stressors of everyday life, such as our phones, TV, and computers. 2 For a wonderful resource for connecting with nature, see The Outdoor Adventurer’s Guide to Forest Bathing by Dr Hackenmiller. Express gratitude by writing down your thoughts. 3 It can also help you wind down at the end of each day by writing down all of your thoughts and feelings just before rest. You may find you fall asleep quicker by having a clearer mind. 4 Whatever this involves, remember to take “me time”. This may be a 10-minute meditation (冥想), a short walk, or a hot bath. It could also mean setting aside time to learn something new or take up a new hobby. Find something you enjoy and put your energy into it. Practice relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques, stretching, and meditation are all useful ways to deal with stress. 5 Therefore, don’t be afraid to try out new techniques to find what works for you. A．Set aside time for self-care. B．Everyone responds differently. C．Spend as much time as possible exercising every day. D．From them you can determine what works best for you. E．Stress can have a lasting effect on how you feel, think, and behave. F．This can help you re-energize your thinking in a more positive direction. G．A short walk outside or a relaxation moment bathed in the sunshine can work wonders. Passage 2 （22-23高二下·山东·期中）Rising parental expectations and criticism are linked to an increase in perfectionism among college students. 1 They may include depression, anxiety and self-harm. 2 Prior research has shown that perfectionists become more neurotic (神经质的) and less careful as they get older. Perfectionism also can pass through generations, with perfectionist parents raising perfectionist children. Three types of perfectionism were increasing among young people. Self-oriented perfectionism involves perfectionist standards about the self. 3 That is to say, someone expects others to be perfection. Socially prescribed perfectionism is the perception that other people and society require perfection. The three types of perfectionism interact and even worsen the effects of each other in negative ways. Parental expectations had a larger impact than parental criticism on self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism. 4 Parental expectations have a high cost when they’re perceived as excessive. Young people take in those expectations and depend on them for their self-esteem. And when they fail to meet them, they’ll be critical of themselves for not matching up. To compensate, they strive to be perfect. Parents can help their children navigate societal pressures in a healthy way by teaching them that failure, or imperfection, is a normal and natural part of life. Another method is to focus on learning and development, not test scores or social media to help children develop healthy self-esteem. 5 A．Perfectionism often becomes a lifelong character. B．So parental expectations maybe more damaging. C．It can have damaging mental health consequences. D．Self-respect is important to teenagers’ development. E．Other-oriented type is perfectionism turned outward. F．These ways can be effective to cope with perfectionism. G．The older they are, the more likely they will be perfectionists. Passage 3 （23-24高二下·江苏·阶段练习）Ways to Manage Everyday Stress Life can be stressful at times. You can’t avoid stress. But you can make it a goal to keep everyday stress at low levels. If you want to get better at managing everyday stress, here are things that can help you: Balance work and play. 1 But be sure to make time for things you enjoy, too. Even if it’s only a few minutes, daily time to relax and recharge lowers your stress. Plan your day. Use a calendar or planning app to keep track of your daily schedule. Fill in your class times, tests, and when assignments are due. Add your activities. 2 Stick to your plan. Of course, planning is no good if you don’t do what you plan. 3 Check off what you’ve done. Get ready for what’s coming up. This lowers daily schoolwork stress. Ask for help when you need it. 4 Keeping on top of it all isn’t always easy. If you need help preparing for tests, planning projects, or getting things done, ask a teacher, parent, tutor, or mentor to coach you. Deal with problems as they come up. Don’t ignore everyday problems — but don’t stress out about them either. 5 If you’re not sure what to do, ask for help and advice from others. A．It can motivate you toward your goals. B．Instead, figure out how to handle them. C．Make time to work on your tasks and goals. D．Having a plan and a daily routine lowers stress. E．Make it a routine to look at your planner every day. F．At times, a small surge of stress can be a positive thing. G．Schoolwork, grades, and tests are a big source of stress for many people. Passage 4 （22-23高二·全国·课后作业）How to be more resilient (适应力强的)? We’ve all heard of IQ, and terms like EQ, which relates to our emotional intelligence, are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ? 1 It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs — how likely we are to crumble(崩溃) or thrive in these situations. 2 . Adverse situations can take us by surprise. In the workplace, it could be in the form of a layoff, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. Failed friendships and relationships, hard financial times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work. 3 So how can we learn to be more resilient? Luckily, there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity, according to Dr Shahram Heshmat, professor of health economics. 4 Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step — one way to help is to practise breathing exercises. Likewise, dwelling on things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. So see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. 5 Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help. A．First, try and find a meaningful goal. B．Things that happen in life are not always pleasant. C．Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. D．However, taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through. E．AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures our ability to deal with the ups and downs of life. F．Being able to handle these rough times is important not only in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. G．It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the ways we learn from changes in the environment. Passage 5 （22-23高二·全国·课后作业）How Helping Others Benefits You Everyone wants to lead a happy and fulfilling life, so it’s natural to want to put yourself and your health first! However, helping other people can also directly help you at the same time. Here are a few ways that helping others can benefit you： ·Attract more back to you. When you give, you’re more likely to receive. You don’t necessarily need to keep the receiving in mind when you decide to give, but nature may just take its course. 1 Maybe you’ll come across some good fortune. ·Bring you a good feeling. If you volunteer your time to help others, you’re sharing your blessings with those less fortunate, which is a wonderful gift to give! You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face. 2 ·Heighten self-esteem. When you help others, you may be helping yourself to a heightened self-esteem. A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments. 3 · 4 After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases. The fact that your helpful acts have turned out so positive might lead you to the confidence you need in your own life. ·Be more positive about your own situation. Sometimes you’ll find that you’re your own worst critic. You might accept the faults of others, but you may be less likely to accept your own. Helping others can help you to accept your own situation and your own faults. 5 Seek out opportunities, today, to help others. You’ll be glad you did! A．Strengthen confidence. B．Make a difference. C．It may help you to start seeing everything in a more positive light. D．Maybe a friend will unexpectedly return a favor. E．It also builds confidence in bigger and better things. F．Just by completing a giving act, you receive positive feelings in your life. G．It makes you feel surprised to know that you’ve made a difference in the world. 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高二下·江苏南通·期末）How to Overcome Challenges When Learning from Failure Failure is a bitter pill to swallow, isn’t it? But, it’s often in the most difficult moments, in the ashes of defeat, that we find our greatest opportunities for growth. 1 This guide will look into the common challenges associated with learning from failure and how to overcome them. ● Dealing with emotional stress and burnout Failure often comes with a heavy emotional burden. 2 The first step in overcoming this challenge is acknowledging these emotions. It’s okay to feel disappointed — but don’t let your failure define you. Instead, view it as a temporary setback, not an endpoint. ● Maintaining focus and vision After a failure, it’s easy to lose sight of your original vision. But maintaining your focus on your long-term goals is critical. Take a step back, reflect on your vision, and rearrange your strategies accordingly. Yes, you might need to adjust your plans or timelines, but don’t let failure ruin your overall vision. 3 ● Continuous learning and skill development The greatest lesson from failure is the opportunity to learn. Develop a growth mindset and invest in continuous learning — attend workshops, read books, or take online courses. 4 Analyze your mistakes, draw lessons, and use those insights to refine your strategies. With each failure, you’re beginning with more experience. ● Accepting failure as a pathway to success 5 It’s merely a detour on the road to success. It offers an incomparable opportunity for growth and innovation. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, you can transform your setbacks into comebacks and transform failure into your stepping-stone towards success. A．Don’t forget that failure itself is a teacher. B．Learning from failure can be complicated. C．To strike this balance, make data-driven decisions. D．Failure is not the opposite of success — it’s a part of it. E．You can adapt to changes and avoid the same mistakes. F．You kicked off this journey for a reason — hold onto that. G．Feelings of inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead to burnout. Passage 7 （22-23高二下·安徽安庆·期末）Signal for help in the wild Having multiple effective ways to signal for help can make all the difference in a survival situation where outside help is guaranteed. Signaling is one of the most under-practiced and under-emphasized skill sets in our survival, and it’s about time we took it more seriously. 1 Cell phone used for signaling. In areas where service is available, your call for help can be made to the exact right people and vast amounts of information can be conveyed. 2 If you’ll be spending time in an area without cell service, consider buying(or renting)a satellite phone, which will allow you to make a call from anywhere on earth. Signal whistle. The humble whistle is a fine piece of signal gear for short-range audible signaling. Three blasts of a whistle are generally interpreted as a universal signal for distress. 3 Also, select whistles that are attached to rings to prevent loss. Blow the whistle in blasts of three and to stay in one spot until help arrives. Signal mirror. A signal mirror is one of the furthest reaching, non-electronic signal methods. Properly aimed, a signal mirror can shine a beam of daylight up to 10 miles, creating a flash of light that can catch the attention of distant aircraft, watercraft, vehicles, or persons on foot. Purchase a mirror with a sighting lens and sweep the mirror VERY slowly right to left and up and down. 4 Signal flag. Flags have been used for signaling for thousands of years. And while there are commercially available signal flags, you also can create your own. A brightly colored or contrasting colored garment tied to a stick serves as a quick flag. 5 Your homemade flag could be virtually any shape, so long as it is a large panel of material that doesn’t blend into the surroundings. Flags can also be laid out on the ground for ground-to-air signaling. A．But in most cases, signaling with a whistle makes little difference. B．Select brightly colored whistles, which are easy to spot if dropped. C．While in areas with a weaker signal, try sending out a text message. D．A space blanket and other reflective material makes an excellent flag as well. E．This should sweep the beam across your target and hopefully get someone’s attention. F．Follow my lead and learn how to assist in your own rescue with our signaling methods. G．Here’s some practical advice for you to follow if you are really at a loss about various signals. Passage 8 （2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The storms in our lives often leave behind gifts if we open our eyes to see them. As the skies clear and you start to emerge from the loss, look for the silver linings. 1 Going through difficulties requires courage and determination. You have to dig deep and find the strength you didn’t know you possessed to overcome the challenges. 2 That self-knowledge and confidence in your abilities will serve you well going forward. Coming out the other side of trouble sometimes gives you a fresh outlook. Priorities shift. 3 You have a deeper appreciation for life’s simple moments and clarity about what matters. Use that insight to guide your choices and cherish each day. 4 The old way of doing things no longer works, so you must rebuild and reimagine your life. Though change is hard, it opens up possibilities for new growth and exciting adventures. Look at this as a chance for a fresh start. You can pursue new dreams or make along-wished-for switch in your situation. The future is unwritten. Your struggles and pain have given you understanding for what others maybe going through in their own lives. You now recognize the suffering of people around you and desire to help ease their burdens. Use your experience to be there for friends and family members facing difficulties. 5 Your sympathy can make a real difference. A．Dramatic changes often lead to transformation. B．They’re there if you are bent on searching for them. C．Offer a listening ear and share your story with them. D．Storms shape us, but the silver linings make us suffer. E．What seemed important before now pales in comparison. F．Now you know you have the inner power to weather storms. G．This new perspective removed previous doubt about yourself. Passage 9 （23-24高二下·湖北十堰·阶段练习）Do you feel like you’re always dealing with problems when it comes to work, relationships, health, or finances? Are you tired of feeling stressed, overwhelmed, and like your problems never seem to go away? 1 With the world developing faster than ever, finding the right mix of habits can keep you on your toes and ahead of your game. Manage Your Time Wisely Make the most of your 24 hours without feeling like you’re in a never-ending race against the clock. In order to take control of your time and use it wisely, you need to start prioritizing your tasks. Determine what needs your immediate attention and what can wait. 2 Minimize distractions like social media, unnecessary meetings, and pointless busy work. Develop a Solution-focused Mindset 3 But don’t let it take center stage. Focus on taking action and being constructive. For example, if you have a conflict with a friend, instead of stewing in hurt feelings, reflect on how you can communicate better. Practice Assertiveness (果断) Being assertive means having the courage to speak your truth, share your opinions, and defend your needs while equally valuing the perspectives and needs of others. 4 It’s essential for resolving misunderstandings and building strong, transparent relationships. Don’t be afraid to say “no” when something isn’t in line with your priorities or values. Adopt a Comprehensive Approach to Wellness Look at your well-being from a 360 perspective: mind, body, and spirit. 5 Each one plays a vital role in your overall health. Nourish your body with foods that energize you. Exercise regularly in a way that you enjoy. Make sure you’re getting enough sleep to recharge. A．Acknowledge the problem. B．Lengthen your working hours. C．Life throws challenges as well as opportunities to you. D．It’s recognized that these elements are interconnected. E．This habit encourages open and honest communication. F．Identify activities that consume time but deliver low value. G．Most people underestimate how much power they have to fix problems. Passage 10 （23-24高二下·全国·课后作业）Courage is a quality that everyone has, but it sometimes disappears because of bad experiences or memories. 1 So, how can people build courage? By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behavior, you can build courage. Determine your specific fears. People are often unwilling to admit that they are afraid of something. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears. 2 This may help you to work out a plan to overcome them and build your courage. Recognize your courage. Just as it’s important to identify your fears, you should also recognize that you also have courage in many situations. 3 It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations that cause fear. It can also help improve your behavior and build your courage. Make a practical plan to build your courage. Once you’ve identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, make your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary. 4 The reason for that is it helps you be on track if you have difficulties and you will see your progress over time. Avoid comparing yourself with others. Every person is different and comparing yourself with other people can minimize your self-confidence. Focusing on yourself is essential to building your confidence and courage. 5 Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but also they believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears. By developing and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to building and maintaining courage. A．Part of building your courage is taking risks. B．Embrace the positive and avoid the negative. C．Make a list of your fears as you figure them out. D．Having a clear strategy you can follow is important. E．Take the time to acknowledge that you are courageous. F．Have confidence and believe in your ability to be courageous. G．Showing courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life. 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （22-23高二下·湖南岳阳·期末）NEED A GOOD ADVENTURE Adventures expand our world by allowing us to engage with ourselves and others in a new way. Ready for your adventure? Here’s some advice.Start small. Pick a manageable activity you can do soon — this weekend — close to home. 1 Taking gradual steps teaches your brain that experience is not as bad as you expected and you can handle it. 2 Research from Harvard University shows that people who interpreted their nervousness about activities such as karaoke singing and public speaking as excitement enjoyed the experiences more and performed better than those who tried to press down their anxiety. This changed their threat mindset into an opportunity mindset.Use your imagination. 3 Say you want to go on a hike but are worried you’ll become lost, hurt or too exhausted to get home. Try to picture this. Next, visualize the best-case scene: the beautiful view, the fun you’ll have, your sense of accomplishment afterward. This exercise helps put fear in perspective.Write yourself a letter. Think of it as an uplift talk. Start by addressing your fear. “I know you’re nervous. This is normal because you’re leaving your comfort zone.” 4 The point is to ensure your feelings and remind yourself that, even though you feel nervous, you can handle this.Relax about the outcome. If you could do this whole thing perfectly, it would not be the adventure you’re looking for. Remember: Whatever happens, it should make a good story. Imagining how fun it will be to tell your friends about your adventurous story later will help you stop complaining now. 5 A．Picture the worst-case scene. B．Arouse your anxiety. C．This will break your inactivity and help you build up to bigger adventures. D．Shift how you view anxiety. E．And you’ll feel connected to others. F．This can boost your mood and change your thinking by making you feel more stressed. G．Then write about the skills you have and the past experiences that went well. Passage 12 （23-24高二下·河北邯郸·阶段练习）In Stressful Times, Make Stress Work for You These are stressful times. Fortunately, we can actually use that stress to improve our health and well-being. Over a decade of research suggests that it’s not the type or amount of stress that determines its impact. 1 Step 1: Acknowledge Your Stress Labeling your stress consciously and deliberately moves neural activity from the amygdala — the center of emotion and fear — to the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive control and planning. In other words, when we take a moment to acknowledge our stress, it moves us from operating from a fearful, reactive place to a position where we can be thoughtful and deliberate. 2 Step 2: Own Your Stress The next step is to welcome, or “own” your stress. We only stress about things that we care about. 3 Try completing this sentence about whatever was specifically stressing you out in step one: “I’m stressed about…because I deeply care about…” Step 3: Use Your Stress Connecting to the core values behind your stress sets you up for the third and most essential step: using or leveraging stress to achieve your goals and connect more deeply with the things that matter most. Ask yourself: Are your typical responses in alignment with the values behind your stress? 4 There’s so much happening right now that we can’t control. 5 Some psychologists argue that true transformative change can occur only during stress or crises. The trick is to channel your coronavirus stress as energy to make the most of this time. A．Think about how you might change your response to this stress to better facilitate your goals and your purpose. B．You can release stress from the past and more with emotional focus techniques. C．By owning our stress, we connect to the positive motivation or personal value behind our stress. D．But — as many people are noticing — there are also unprecedented opportunities amid the fear. E．Instead, it’s our mind-set about stress that matters most. F．But later, we will be able to ask ourselves how we each responded to this crisis. G．This step is also an opportunity to understand what’s at the heart of your personal stress or anxiety. Passage 13 （23-24高二下·浙江·期中）Life presents challenges at every stage, leading to inevitable stress. Developing coping abilities and maintaining a positive mindset can greatly benefit emotional, mental, and physical well-being. 1 Exercise and stretch. When teenagers carry a lot of stress, it can create significant muscle tension within the body. Stretching and yoga, especially, will help to relieve this physical strain and provide a sense of release. Though, any type of exercise will do the trick, like jogging, stretching, weight training, etc.Listen to music. Sometimes a walk outdoors with a soothing playlist is the best remedy (治疗法) to stress. 2 Listening to music will facilitate positive thoughts, social skills, and a sense of peace when stressed. Essentially, chill songs with a gentle melody will help to slow down a racing mind and heartbeat.Talk to someone. Believe it or not, complaining can have a positive impact on mental health. 3 Teens can choose to talk to a close friend, teacher, or another family member. As long as they’re talking about what’s on their mind and what’s stressing them out, the chances are they will feel like a load is lifted off their shoulders afterward. 4 Sleep and stress are directly related. When dealing with a particularly difficult situation, it can get in the way of a good night’s sleep. People who tend to internalize (内化) emotions may struggle to unwind, resulting in increased stress and sleeplessness. Learning to relax can manage stress at night.Maintain healthy eating habits. Stress or emotional eating is a behavior a teen may experience during times of increased stress. But it’s contributing to a greater harmful cycle. 5 Instead, kids should focus on enjoying food and eating because they’re hungry, not because they’re stressed or overwhelmed. A．Luckily, teens love their music. B．Get 8 hours of sleep every night. C．It is natural for teens to listen to music. D．Certainly, solutions are available to most of us in theory. E．Parents aren’t the only people they can pour out their heart to. F．Overeating to deal with feelings of stress can lead to guilt or shame afterward. G．However, in a world that’s widely overwhelming, doing so is easier said than done. Passage 14 （22-23高二下·广东中山·期末）How often do you look back on your life and wish you had done things differently? Most of you may say regret is at least an occasional part of your life, while some may feel regret “all the time”. Although filling your life with regrets is indeed bad for you, going to the other extreme may be even worse. To truly get over your guilt requires that you put regret in its proper place. 1 Make a list of your regrets. Write down why each regret bothers you and its lingering bad effects. Be honest without catastrophizing (小题大做). For example, you may note that you hurt a friend’s feelings through your own fault. 2 You will find that a list is a lot less frightening than what you thought. Forgive yourself. After you make a mistake, life moves on. 3 In other words, you have voluntarily chosen to punish yourself for a poor decision you made in the past. Now it is the time to forgive yourself by declaring: “I make amends with myself and will not waste another minute of my life reliving a decision that cannot be changed.” Look for the lesson. Regret is like a school run by human nature. If you never experienced regret, you would keep repeating the same behaviors that led you to miss opportunities and wreck relationships in the past. 4 In your list of regrets, also note how you want to change your behavior, and outline your resolutions going forward. Next, list all the ways that you can invest in your own skills and improvement right now-and get started. Regrets may hurt, but being trapped in them is destructive. Trying to live without them is a lost opportunity to grow. Life is a journey full of pleasures and pains. 5 A．Can you undo what caused the regret? B．Yet sometimes you just can’t stop kicking yourself. C．Making a list of your regrets may free you from shame or sorrow. D．Your regret can teach you to become smarter and more successful. E．But you should also note that this certainly didn’t ruin the person’s life. F．So, what can you do when you find yourself regretting for your past missteps? G．To live it well means learning from every bit of it, including the mistakes, and moving forward. Passage 15 （2024·江西九江·二模）Sometimes, we pour in our best efforts, only to see the worst outcomes. It can be frustrating and demotivating, and slipping into a negative mindset is easy. In the event of failure, it is very tempting to self-blame or self-pity for what happened. 1 Here’s what you can do to make yourself feel good when things don’t work out. Acknowledge Your Emotions When things don’t go according to plan, it’s natural to feel disappointed, frustrated, or sad. 2 Recognize your feelings and accept that it’s okay to feel that way. By allowing yourself to experience your emotions, you can process them better and move on. While it is good to recover quickly, the grieving phase is a necessity you shouldn’t skip. People who deny that they failed and that nothing went wrong only find themselves in more complicated situations and a more fractured emotional state. Feel sad, breathe, take a few walks, and think that acknowledging the issue means 50% of your problem is already solved. Practice Self-Care 3 Grab some time to engage in activities that make you happy and relaxed. Take a long bath, walk in nature, meditate, read a book, or watch your favorite movie. When we feel good about ourselves, we are better equipped to deal with life’s challenges. Surround Yourself with Positivity Surround yourself with people who inspire you, while being true. 4 You could also join a support group or an online community of like-minded individuals who share your interests. 5 While you see yourself as a strong person who can handle negativity, it’s best to withdraw from the chaos during recovery. Avoid social media and dealing with colleagues who often trigger negativity. A．Take a step back and evaluate what went wrong. B．Don’t suppress your emotions; instead, acknowledge them. C．However, it’s crucial to pick yourself up and move forward. D．Spend time with family and friends who love and support you. E．Self-care is the key to healthy mental and physical well-being. F．Celebrate the small wins with friends who are happy to see you triumph. G．Having a positive support system can help you stay motivated and focused. 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 14 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$专题-S642七选五 人教版选择性必修三 题型特训 Unit 4 Adversity and Courage 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 - 5 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 -10 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11-15 一、 初阶练手 Passage 1 （23-24高二下·河南·阶段练习）Studies have shown that stress may affect not only your happiness but your overall health. It can lead to high blood levels, weight gain, and it even weakens your immune (免疫的) system. Small steps can make a world of difference. Here are a few tips to help prevent and reduce stress. 1 Reconnect with nature. Spending just 30 minutes a day in bright daylight can help to reset your body’s natural rhythm (节奏). It also helps us to get away from the daily distractions and stressors of everyday life, such as our phones, TV, and computers. 2 For a wonderful resource for connecting with nature, see The Outdoor Adventurer’s Guide to Forest Bathing by Dr Hackenmiller. Express gratitude by writing down your thoughts. 3 It can also help you wind down at the end of each day by writing down all of your thoughts and feelings just before rest. You may find you fall asleep quicker by having a clearer mind. 4 Whatever this involves, remember to take “me time”. This may be a 10-minute meditation (冥想), a short walk, or a hot bath. It could also mean setting aside time to learn something new or take up a new hobby. Find something you enjoy and put your energy into it. Practice relaxation techniques. Breathing techniques, stretching, and meditation are all useful ways to deal with stress. 5 Therefore, don’t be afraid to try out new techniques to find what works for you. A．Set aside time for self-care. B．Everyone responds differently. C．Spend as much time as possible exercising every day. D．From them you can determine what works best for you. E．Stress can have a lasting effect on how you feel, think, and behave. F．This can help you re-energize your thinking in a more positive direction. G．A short walk outside or a relaxation moment bathed in the sunshine can work wonders. 【答案】1. D 2. G 3. F 4. A 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了预防和减轻压力的四种方法。 1. 根据上文“Here are a few tips to help prevent and reduce stress (以下是一些有助于预防和减轻压力的提示)”可知，下文介绍的四种方法有助于预防和减轻压力，因此D项“从中你能确定哪种方法最适合你”符合语境，承接前文。故选D。 2. 上文“Spending just 30 minutes a day in bright daylight can help to reset your body’s natural rhythm (节奏). It also helps us to get away from the daily distractions and stressors of everyday life, such as our phones, TV, and computers.  (每天在明亮的日光下呆30分钟可以帮助你恢复身体的自然节奏。它还帮助我们摆脱日常生活中的分心和压力，比如手机、电视和电脑)”说明接触大自然的好处，可推测空格处是进一步举例，因此G项“在户外走一小段路，或沐浴在阳光下放松片刻，都能有很大作用”符合本段主旨。故选G。 3. 下文“It can also help you wind down at the end of each day by writing down all of your thoughts and feelings just before rest. (在每天结束前写下你所有的想法和感受，也可以帮助你放松下来)”说明把想法写下来是有用的，因此F项“这可以帮助你朝着更积极的方向激发你的思维”和下文是并列关系，说明了通过写下自己的想法来表达感激之情的好处。故选F。 4. 下文“Whatever this involves, remember to take “me time”. This may be a 10-minute meditation (冥想), a short walk, or a hot bath. It could also mean setting aside time to learn something new or take up a new hobby. (无论这涉及到什么，都要记得有“自我时间”。这可能是10分钟的冥想、散步或洗热水澡。这也可能意味着留出时间学习新东西或养成新爱好)”说明本段主要介绍要记得留出“自我时间”，学习新东西或养成新爱好。因此A项“留出自我关怀的时间”可以概括本段主旨。故选A。 5. 本段建议“Practice relaxation techniques. (练习放松技巧)”，以及空处下文“Therefore, don’t be afraid to try out new techniques to find what works for you.( 因此，不要害怕尝试新技术来找到适合你的方法)”说明方法因人而定，因此B项“每个人应对压力的方法不同”符合语境，引出后文。故选B。 Passage 2 （22-23高二下·山东·期中）Rising parental expectations and criticism are linked to an increase in perfectionism among college students. 1 They may include depression, anxiety and self-harm. 2 Prior research has shown that perfectionists become more neurotic (神经质的) and less careful as they get older. Perfectionism also can pass through generations, with perfectionist parents raising perfectionist children. Three types of perfectionism were increasing among young people. Self-oriented perfectionism involves perfectionist standards about the self. 3 That is to say, someone expects others to be perfection. Socially prescribed perfectionism is the perception that other people and society require perfection. The three types of perfectionism interact and even worsen the effects of each other in negative ways. Parental expectations had a larger impact than parental criticism on self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism. 4 Parental expectations have a high cost when they’re perceived as excessive. Young people take in those expectations and depend on them for their self-esteem. And when they fail to meet them, they’ll be critical of themselves for not matching up. To compensate, they strive to be perfect. Parents can help their children navigate societal pressures in a healthy way by teaching them that failure, or imperfection, is a normal and natural part of life. Another method is to focus on learning and development, not test scores or social media to help children develop healthy self-esteem. 5 A．Perfectionism often becomes a lifelong character. B．So parental expectations maybe more damaging. C．It can have damaging mental health consequences. D．Self-respect is important to teenagers’ development. E．Other-oriented type is perfectionism turned outward. F．These ways can be effective to cope with perfectionism. G．The older they are, the more likely they will be perfectionists. 【答案】1. C 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了完美主义对心理健康造成破坏性的影响以及应对措施。 1. 下文“They may include depression, anxiety and self-harm. (可能包括抑郁、焦虑和自残)”都是心理健康中的不良表现，选项C“它会对心理健康造成破坏性的影响。”说明完美主义对心理健康造成破坏性的影响。故选C项。 2. 下文“Prior research has shown that perfectionists become more neurotic(神经质的) and less careful as they get older. (先前的研究表明，完美主义者随着年龄的增长会变得更神经质，更不小心)”介绍了完美主义的特点，选项A“完美主义往往成为一种终生的性格。”引导本段，概括完美主义的特点。故选A项。 3. 上文“Self-oriented perfectionism involves perfectionist standards about the self. (自我导向型完美主义包括对自我的完美主义标准)”介绍自我导向型完美主义，选项E“他人导向型是外显完美主义。”承接上文，介绍另一种完美主义——他人导向型完美主义。故选E项。 4. 上文“Parental expectations had a larger impact than parental criticism on self-oriented and other-oriented perfectionism. (父母期望对自我导向型和他人导向型完美主义的影响大于父母批评)”说明父母的期望对完美主义的影响比父母批评还要严重，选项B“所以父母的期望可能更具破坏性。”和上文存在因果关系，因为父母期望影响很大，所以可能更具破坏性。故选B项。 5. 上文“Parents can help their children navigate societal pressures in a healthy way by teaching them that failure, or imperfection, is a normal and natural part of life. Another method is to focus on learning and development, not test scores or social media to help children develop healthy self-esteem. (父母可以通过教育孩子失败或不完美是生活中正常和自然的一部分来帮助他们以一种健康的方式应对社会压力。另一种方法是关注学习和发展，而不是考试成绩或社交媒体，以帮助孩子培养健康的自尊)”介绍了对应完美主义的方法，选项F“这些方法可以有效应对完美主义。”对上述方法做出总结。故选F项。 Passage 3 （23-24高二下·江苏·阶段练习）Ways to Manage Everyday Stress Life can be stressful at times. You can’t avoid stress. But you can make it a goal to keep everyday stress at low levels. If you want to get better at managing everyday stress, here are things that can help you: Balance work and play. 1 But be sure to make time for things you enjoy, too. Even if it’s only a few minutes, daily time to relax and recharge lowers your stress. Plan your day. Use a calendar or planning app to keep track of your daily schedule. Fill in your class times, tests, and when assignments are due. Add your activities. 2 Stick to your plan. Of course, planning is no good if you don’t do what you plan. 3 Check off what you’ve done. Get ready for what’s coming up. This lowers daily schoolwork stress. Ask for help when you need it. 4 Keeping on top of it all isn’t always easy. If you need help preparing for tests, planning projects, or getting things done, ask a teacher, parent, tutor, or mentor to coach you. Deal with problems as they come up. Don’t ignore everyday problems — but don’t stress out about them either. 5 If you’re not sure what to do, ask for help and advice from others. A．It can motivate you toward your goals. B．Instead, figure out how to handle them. C．Make time to work on your tasks and goals. D．Having a plan and a daily routine lowers stress. E．Make it a routine to look at your planner every day. F．At times, a small surge of stress can be a positive thing. G．Schoolwork, grades, and tests are a big source of stress for many people. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. E 4. G 5. B 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要讲述了一些可以将每天的压力保持在低水平的方法。 1. 根据该段小标题“Balance work and play.(要平衡工作和生活)”可推知，设空句应回应主题讲述“工作”或“生活”，且结合空格后面内容“But be sure to make time for things you enjoy, too.(但一定要为你喜欢的事情腾出时间。)”即为“生活”内容，因此设空句应讲述“工作”内容，选项C“Make time to work on your tasks and goals.(腾出时间来完成你的任务和目标。)”是在讲述工作主题，且与后文可构成转折关系，符合分析。故选C项。 2. 分析可知，设空句为该段末尾句，应是回应主题并总结该段内容。根据该段主题“Plan your day.(每天要有计划。)”可知，该段强调每日计划，选项D“Having a plan and a daily routine lowers stress.(有计划和日常的安排可以降低压力。)”既对前文“Use a calendar or planning app to keep track of your daily schedule. Fill in your class times, tests, and when assignments are due. Add your activities.(使用日历或计划应用程序来记录每天日程安排。填写上课时间、考试时间和交作业的时间，添加活动。)”进行了总结，回应了该段主题，且与文章主题“降低压力”相呼应。故选D项。 3. 分析语境可知，设空前文“Of course, planning is no good if you don’t do what you plan.(当然，如果你不按照计划去做，计划是没有用的。)”提及不按计划做是没有用的，由此推知，设空句应讲述怎样做到按计划做。选项E“Make it a routine to look at your planner every day.(养成每天看计划表的习惯。)”讲到了做法是“养成看计划表的习惯”，与空后内容“Check off what you’ve done. Get ready for what’s coming up.(检查一下你做了什么，为即将到来的事情做好准备。)”构成顺承关系，符合分析。故选E项。 4. 根据主题“Ask for help when you need it.(在你需要帮助的时候寻求帮助。)”提及可以寻求帮助，那么设空句应讲述为什么可以寻求帮助。选项G“Schoolwork, grades, and tests are a big source of stress for many people.(对许多人来说，学业、成绩和考试是压力的一大来源。)”讲述了原因：很多人都会有来自各方面的压力，有压力，需要帮助很正常。故选G项。 5. 分析可知，设空前文“Don’t ignore everyday problems — but don’t stress out about them either.(不要忽视日常问题——但也不要为此感到压力。)”提出“不要忽视压力，不要因为压力而焦虑”，即，两个“不要”，由此推知，设空句紧跟其后，应讲述“要怎么办”，选项B“Instead, figure out how to handle them.(相反，要想办法处理这些问题。)”提出了“要想办法处理问题”，在句意上符合分析，且与前文是转折关系。故选B项。 Passage 4 （22-23高二·全国·课后作业）How to be more resilient (适应力强的)? We’ve all heard of IQ, and terms like EQ, which relates to our emotional intelligence, are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ? 1 It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs — how likely we are to crumble(崩溃) or thrive in these situations. 2 . Adverse situations can take us by surprise. In the workplace, it could be in the form of a layoff, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. Failed friendships and relationships, hard financial times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work. 3 So how can we learn to be more resilient? Luckily, there are some steps you can take to help you be more resilient and adaptable in the face of adversity, according to Dr Shahram Heshmat, professor of health economics. 4 Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step — one way to help is to practise breathing exercises. Likewise, dwelling on things and letting them get to you can cause you to be stressed. So see difficulties more as an opportunity to learn and grow emotionally. 5 Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help. A．First, try and find a meaningful goal. B．Things that happen in life are not always pleasant. C．Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. D．However, taking a few steps to be more resilient can make them a little easier to get through. E．AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures our ability to deal with the ups and downs of life. F．Being able to handle these rough times is important not only in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. G．It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the ways we learn from changes in the environment. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. F 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的方法。 1. 根据上文“We’ve all heard of IQ, and terms like EQ, which relates to our emotional intelligence, are commonly used. But have you heard of AQ?  (我们都听说过智商，还有像EQ这样的术语，它与你的情绪智力相关，是常用的。 但你听说过AQ吗？)”可知，设空处应承接上文关于AQ的话题，E项“AQ stands for Adversity Quotient and measures our ability to deal with the ups and downs of life. (AQ是‘逆境商数’的缩写，衡量的是你应对生活跌宕起伏的能力。 )”承接上一句，解释了AQ的概念，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选E项。 2. 根据上文“　　　1　　　 It measures our ability to resist the shock when life throws us curveballs — how likely we are to crumble (崩溃) or thrive in these situations. (AQ是逆境商数的缩写，用来衡量我们处理人生跌宕起伏的能力。它衡量的是当生活给我们出难题时，我们抵抗冲击的能力——我们在这些情况下崩溃或茁壮成长的可能性有多大)”可知，设空处为本段最后一句，应承接上文继续说明AQ的作用。G项“It can be used to predict our attitudes, perseverance, longevity, and the ways we learn from changes in the environment. (它可以用来预测我们的态度、毅力、寿命，以及我们从环境变化中学习的方式。)”，句中的It指代上文的AQ，此处说明AQ的用途，上下文衔接连贯顺畅。故选G项。 3. 根据上文“Adverse situations can take us by surprise and shock us. In the workplace, it could be in the form of layoff, the company we work for going under or being restructured, or even missing out on a promotion. Failed friendships and relationships, financial hard times and even loss of beloved ones are things that can occur outside of work. (逆境会让我们措手不及。在职场中，其形式可能是裁员，我们工作的公司倒闭或重组，甚至是错过升职机会。友谊和关系的失败，经济困难时期，甚至丧亲之痛都可能发生在工作之外。)”可知，上文列举了一些困难时期，故设空处应说明如何应对这些时期，F项“Being able to handle these rough times is important not only in our personal lives but in our professional lives too. (能够处理这些艰难时刻不仅对我们的个人生活很重要，对我们的职业生活也很重要。)”，其中these rough times对应上文中hard times，上下文语意一致，衔接连贯。故选F项。 4. 根据下文“Resilient people often have an aim and are able to concentrate more on a desired outcome, seeing negative situations as a bump in the road on the way to achieving their goal. (适应性强的人通常有一个目标，能够更专注于想要的结果，把消极的情况视为实现目标路上的绊脚石)”可知，后文提到了要有目标，A项“First, try and find a meaningful goal. (首先，试着找到一个有意义的目标)”，选项中goal对应后文中aim。下文“Learning to relax and regulate your emotions is another key step — one way to help is to practise breathing exercises. (学会放松和调节你的情绪是另一个关键的步骤——其中一个帮助的方法是练习呼吸练习。)”，A项的First与下文another key step呼应，此段陈述了一些可以帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的步骤，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选A项。 5. 根据本段第一句“First, try and find a meaningful goal. (首先，试着找到一个有意义的目标)”，此处为帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的第一个步骤，下文“Being able to talk with someone about the challenges we face can help. (能够和别人谈论我们面临的挑战是有帮助的)”可知，后文提到和别人谈论面临的挑战，即寻求他人的支持；C项“Finally, make sure you have a good social support network. (最后，确保你有一个良好的社会支持网络。)”，其中的Finally，表明C项为帮助你在逆境中更有弹性和适应性的最后一个步骤，良好的社会支持网络可以在你面对挑战时找到可以倾诉的人，上下文衔接连贯顺畅，故选C项。 Passage 5 （22-23高二·全国·课后作业）How Helping Others Benefits You Everyone wants to lead a happy and fulfilling life, so it’s natural to want to put yourself and your health first! However, helping other people can also directly help you at the same time. Here are a few ways that helping others can benefit you： ·Attract more back to you. When you give, you’re more likely to receive. You don’t necessarily need to keep the receiving in mind when you decide to give, but nature may just take its course. 1 Maybe you’ll come across some good fortune. ·Bring you a good feeling. If you volunteer your time to help others, you’re sharing your blessings with those less fortunate, which is a wonderful gift to give! You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face. 2 ·Heighten self-esteem. When you help others, you may be helping yourself to a heightened self-esteem. A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments. 3 · 4 After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases. The fact that your helpful acts have turned out so positive might lead you to the confidence you need in your own life. ·Be more positive about your own situation. Sometimes you’ll find that you’re your own worst critic. You might accept the faults of others, but you may be less likely to accept your own. Helping others can help you to accept your own situation and your own faults. 5 Seek out opportunities, today, to help others. You’ll be glad you did! A．Strengthen confidence. B．Make a difference. C．It may help you to start seeing everything in a more positive light. D．Maybe a friend will unexpectedly return a favor. E．It also builds confidence in bigger and better things. F．Just by completing a giving act, you receive positive feelings in your life. G．It makes you feel surprised to know that you’ve made a difference in the world. 【答案】1. D 2. F 3. E 4. A 5. C 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了帮助别人如何对自身有益。 1. 根据上文“When you give, you’re more likely to receive. You don’t necessarily need to keep the receiving in mind when you decide to give, but nature may just take its course.(当你付出时，你更有可能得到。当你决定给予的时候，你不一定要把接受者记在心里，但自然会发生变化)”以及后文“Maybe you’ll come across some good fortune.(也许你会遇到一些好运气)”可知，本句与后文并列，都是说明意外获得回报的情况。故D选项“也许朋友会意外地回报你的帮助”符合语境，故选D。 2. 根据上文“If you volunteer your time to help others, you’re sharing your blessings with those less fortunate, which is a wonderful gift to give! You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face.(如果你自愿花时间去帮助别人，你就是在和那些不幸的人分享你的祝福，这是一份很好的礼物！志愿工作结束后，你可能会面带微笑地回家)”可知，上文提到“志愿工作结束后，你可能会面带微笑地回家”，即给予的行为可以带来积极的感觉。故F选项“只要完成一个给予的行为，你就能在生活中获得积极的感觉”符合语境，故选F。 3. 根据上文“When you help others, you may be helping yourself to a heightened self-esteem. A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments.(当你帮助别人的时候，你可能是在帮助自己增强自尊。做好事的积极结果会让你对自己的成就感到自豪)”可知，本句为本段最后一句，应说明“做好事的积极结果会让你对自己的成就感到自豪”的结果：在更大更好的事情上建立信心。故E选项“它还能在更大更好的事情上建立信心”符合语境，故选E。 4. 根据本段内容“After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases. The fact that your helpful acts have turned out so positive might lead you to the confidence you need in your own life.(当你做了一些好事之后，你也会发现你的自信增加了。事实上，你的帮助行为已经变得如此积极，这可能会让你在自己的生活中获得你所需要的信心)”可知，后文提到自信增加了，说明可以增强信心。故A选项“增强信心”符合语境，故选A。 5. 根据上文“Sometimes you’ll find that you’re your own worst critic. You might accept the faults of others, but you may be less likely to accept your own. Helping others can help you to accept your own situation and your own faults.(有时候你会发现你是自己最严厉的批评者。你可能会接受别人的错误，但你可能不太可能接受自己的错误。帮助别人可以帮助你接受自己的处境和自己的错误)”可知，上文提到“帮助别人可以帮助你接受自己的处境和自己的错误”，即用积极的态度看待一切。故C选项“它可能会帮助你开始以更积极的态度看待一切”符合语境，故选C。 二、 进阶练习 Passage 6 （23-24高二下·江苏南通·期末）How to Overcome Challenges When Learning from Failure Failure is a bitter pill to swallow, isn’t it? But, it’s often in the most difficult moments, in the ashes of defeat, that we find our greatest opportunities for growth. 1 This guide will look into the common challenges associated with learning from failure and how to overcome them. ● Dealing with emotional stress and burnout Failure often comes with a heavy emotional burden. 2 The first step in overcoming this challenge is acknowledging these emotions. It’s okay to feel disappointed — but don’t let your failure define you. Instead, view it as a temporary setback, not an endpoint. ● Maintaining focus and vision After a failure, it’s easy to lose sight of your original vision. But maintaining your focus on your long-term goals is critical. Take a step back, reflect on your vision, and rearrange your strategies accordingly. Yes, you might need to adjust your plans or timelines, but don’t let failure ruin your overall vision. 3 ● Continuous learning and skill development The greatest lesson from failure is the opportunity to learn. Develop a growth mindset and invest in continuous learning — attend workshops, read books, or take online courses. 4 Analyze your mistakes, draw lessons, and use those insights to refine your strategies. With each failure, you’re beginning with more experience. ● Accepting failure as a pathway to success 5 It’s merely a detour on the road to success. It offers an incomparable opportunity for growth and innovation. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, you can transform your setbacks into comebacks and transform failure into your stepping-stone towards success. A．Don’t forget that failure itself is a teacher. B．Learning from failure can be complicated. C．To strike this balance, make data-driven decisions. D．Failure is not the opposite of success — it’s a part of it. E．You can adapt to changes and avoid the same mistakes. F．You kicked off this journey for a reason — hold onto that. G．Feelings of inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead to burnout. 【答案】1. B 2. G 3. F 4. A 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。这篇文章主要讨论了如何从失败中学习和克服挑战，给出了具体的建议和方法。 1. 根据前文“Failure is a bitter pill to swallow, isn’t it? But, it’s often in the most difficult moments, in the ashes of defeat, that we find our greatest opportunities for growth.(失败是难以下咽的苦果，不是吗？但是，往往是在最困难的时刻，在失败的灰烬中，我们找到了最大的成长机会)”以及后文“This guide will look into the common challenges associated with learning from failure and how to overcome them.(本指南将探讨与从失败中学习有关的常见挑战以及如何克服它们)”可知，前文讲述在失败中找到了最大的成长机会，后文讲述本文主要探讨从失败中学习的方法，所以空处应是过渡句，B项“Learning from failure can be complicated.(从失败中学习是很复杂的)”承接上文，并引出下文，符合文意。故选B项。 2. 根据本段小标题“Dealing with emotional stress and burnout(处理情绪压力和倦怠)”以及前文“Failure often comes with a heavy emotional burden.(失败往往伴随着沉重的情感负担)”可知，本段主要讲述如何处理情绪压力和倦怠，所以G项“Feelings of inadequacy, stress, and fear can quickly lead to burnout.(不足、压力和恐惧的感觉会很快导致精疲力竭)”是对前文讲述的情感负担的详细说明，符合此处主题。故选G项。 3. 设空位于段尾，是对前文的总结，根据前文“After a failure, it’s easy to lose sight of your original vision. But maintaining your focus on your long-term goals is critical. Take a step back, reflect on your vision, and rearrange your strategies accordingly. Yes, you might need to adjust your plans or timelines, but don’t let failure ruin your overall vision.(失败之后，你很容易忘记自己最初的愿景。但保持对长期目标的关注是至关重要的。退后一步，反思你的愿景，并相应地重新安排你的策略。是的，你可能需要调整你的计划或时间表，但不要让失败毁了你的整体愿景)”可知，本段主要讲述了即使失败了也不要放弃原本的目标，改变策略继续前进，所以F项“You kicked off this journey for a reason — hold onto that.(你开始这段旅程是有原因的——坚持下去)”符合本段主题，是对前文的总结。故选F项。 4. 根据后文“Analyze your mistakes, draw lessons, and use those insights to refine your strategies. With each failure, you’re beginning with more experience.(分析你的错误，吸取教训，并利用这些见解来完善你的策略。每经历一次失败，你都会有更多的经验)”可知，此处是在讲述从失败中学习，所以A项“Don’t forget that failure itself is a teacher.(不要忘记，失败本身就是一位老师)”符合此处主题，引出下文。故选A项。 5. 设空位于段首，为本段中心句，根据后文“It’s merely a detour on the road to success. It offers an incomparable opportunity for growth and innovation. By addressing these challenges with the right mindset, you can transform your setbacks into comebacks and transform failure into your stepping-stone towards success.(这只不过是成功路上的一个弯路。它为增长和创新提供了无与伦比的机会。用正确的心态来应对这些挑战，你就能把挫折变成反击，把失败变成通往成功的垫脚石)”可知，本段讲述了失败是通往成功的垫脚石，所以D项“Failure is not the opposite of success — it’s a part of it.(失败不是成功的对立面——它是成功的一部分)”符合本段主题，为本段中心句。故选D项。 Passage 7 （22-23高二下·安徽安庆·期末）Signal for help in the wild Having multiple effective ways to signal for help can make all the difference in a survival situation where outside help is guaranteed. Signaling is one of the most under-practiced and under-emphasized skill sets in our survival, and it’s about time we took it more seriously. 1 Cell phone used for signaling. In areas where service is available, your call for help can be made to the exact right people and vast amounts of information can be conveyed. 2 If you’ll be spending time in an area without cell service, consider buying(or renting)a satellite phone, which will allow you to make a call from anywhere on earth. Signal whistle. The humble whistle is a fine piece of signal gear for short-range audible signaling. Three blasts of a whistle are generally interpreted as a universal signal for distress. 3 Also, select whistles that are attached to rings to prevent loss. Blow the whistle in blasts of three and to stay in one spot until help arrives. Signal mirror. A signal mirror is one of the furthest reaching, non-electronic signal methods. Properly aimed, a signal mirror can shine a beam of daylight up to 10 miles, creating a flash of light that can catch the attention of distant aircraft, watercraft, vehicles, or persons on foot. Purchase a mirror with a sighting lens and sweep the mirror VERY slowly right to left and up and down. 4 Signal flag. Flags have been used for signaling for thousands of years. And while there are commercially available signal flags, you also can create your own. A brightly colored or contrasting colored garment tied to a stick serves as a quick flag. 5 Your homemade flag could be virtually any shape, so long as it is a large panel of material that doesn’t blend into the surroundings. Flags can also be laid out on the ground for ground-to-air signaling. A．But in most cases, signaling with a whistle makes little difference. B．Select brightly colored whistles, which are easy to spot if dropped. C．While in areas with a weaker signal, try sending out a text message. D．A space blanket and other reflective material makes an excellent flag as well. E．This should sweep the beam across your target and hopefully get someone’s attention. F．Follow my lead and learn how to assist in your own rescue with our signaling methods. G．Here’s some practical advice for you to follow if you are really at a loss about various signals. 【答案】1. F 2. C 3. B 4. E 5. D 【导语】本文是说明文。文章介绍了在野外如何发出求救信号的几种有效方法。 1. 分析文章结构可知，第一段是全文的开篇，结合空前“Having multiple effective ways to signal for help can make all the difference in a survival situation where outside help is guaranteed. Signaling is one of the most under-practiced and under-emphasized skill sets in our survival, and it’s about time we took it more seriously. (在保证外界帮助的生存情况下，拥有多种有效的求救信号会让情况大不相同。信号是我们生存中最缺乏实践和强调的技能之一，现在是我们更认真对待它的时候了。)可知，第一段介绍到野外如何发出求救信号的话题；由此可知，下文应该讲述种种方法，空处需用一个过渡句；结合选项可知，选项F. Follow my lead and learn how to assist in your own rescue with our signaling methods.(按照我说的做，学习如何用我们的信号方法来帮助你自己的救援。)承上启下，符合题意。故选F。 2. 由空前“In areas where service is available, your call for help can be made to the exact right people and vast amounts of information can be conveyed. (在有服务的地区，你的求助电话可以打给正确的人，大量的信息可以被传达。)”可知，本段讲述手机在服务区的求救情况；再结合下文“If you’ll be spending time in an area without cell service, consider buying(or renting)a satellite phone, which will allow you to make a call from anywhere on earth.( 如果你要在一个没有手机服务的地区呆上一段时间，考虑购买(或租用)一部卫星电话，它可以让你从地球上的任何地方打电话。)可知，下文讲述手机没有信号的情况，上下文之间有转折对比关系；结合选项可知，选项C. While in areas with a weaker signal, try sending out a text message.( 在信号较弱的地区，试着发短信。)承接前后句，过渡自然，符合题意。故选C。 3. 下文“Also, select whistles that are attached to rings to prevent loss. (此外，选择与戒指相连的哨子，以防止丢失。)”中指出了挑选口哨的注意事项；由此可知，空处谈论的是选择哨子的事情；结合选项可知，选项B. Select brightly colored whistles, which are easy to spot if dropped. (选择颜色鲜艳的哨子，如果掉在地上很容易被发现。)”与下文构成逻辑上的顺承关系，符合题意。故选B。 4. 根据段首中心句“Signal mirror”可知，本段主要介绍用镜子发射求救信号，空格前句子“Purchase a mirror with a sighting lens and sweep the mirror VERY slowly right to left and up and down.(买一面带有瞄准镜的镜子，慢慢地从右到左上下扫视镜子。)”可知，此处讲的是镜子的使用方法；结合选项可知，选项E. This should sweep the beam across your target and hopefully get someone’s attention.(这应该能把光束扫过你的目标，希望能引起别人的注意。)，讲述这么做的结果,符合文意。故选E。 5. 根据前文A brightly colored or contrasting colored garment tied to a stick serves as a quick flag. (一件颜色鲜艳或颜色对比鲜明的衣服系在一根棍子上，用作旗子。)”可知，此处讲述如何自制旗子；结合选项可知，选项D. A space blanket and other reflective material makes an excellent flag as well.( 太空毯和其他反光材料也可以制成很好的旗帜。)在讲述制作旗子的材料，前后文描述一致，符合题意。故选D。 Passage 8 （2024·湖北武汉·模拟预测）The storms in our lives often leave behind gifts if we open our eyes to see them. As the skies clear and you start to emerge from the loss, look for the silver linings. 1 Going through difficulties requires courage and determination. You have to dig deep and find the strength you didn’t know you possessed to overcome the challenges. 2 That self-knowledge and confidence in your abilities will serve you well going forward. Coming out the other side of trouble sometimes gives you a fresh outlook. Priorities shift. 3 You have a deeper appreciation for life’s simple moments and clarity about what matters. Use that insight to guide your choices and cherish each day. 4 The old way of doing things no longer works, so you must rebuild and reimagine your life. Though change is hard, it opens up possibilities for new growth and exciting adventures. Look at this as a chance for a fresh start. You can pursue new dreams or make along-wished-for switch in your situation. The future is unwritten. Your struggles and pain have given you understanding for what others maybe going through in their own lives. You now recognize the suffering of people around you and desire to help ease their burdens. Use your experience to be there for friends and family members facing difficulties. 5 Your sympathy can make a real difference. A．Dramatic changes often lead to transformation. B．They’re there if you are bent on searching for them. C．Offer a listening ear and share your story with them. D．Storms shape us, but the silver linings make us suffer. E．What seemed important before now pales in comparison. F．Now you know you have the inner power to weather storms. G．This new perspective removed previous doubt about yourself. 【答案】1. B 2. F 3. E 4. A 5. C 【导语】本文为一篇议论文，论述了面对困难，应对挑战时我们应该怎么做。 1. 空前“The storms in our lives often leave behind gifts if we open our eyes to see them. As the skies clear and you start to emerge from the loss, look for the silver linings.(如果我们睁开眼睛去看，生活中的风暴往往会留下礼物。当天空晴朗，你开始从失落中走出来，寻找一线希望)”表示生活中风暴会给我们留下礼物，失落中能找到一线希望，B选项“如果你执意要寻找，它们就在那里”表示如果想要找到一线希望，就能找到，该选项中them指代前文的the silver linings。故选B。 2. 空前“You have to dig deep and find the strength you didn’t know you possessed to overcome the challenges.(你必须深入挖掘，找到你不知道自己拥有的力量来克服挑战)”表示我们应该深入挖掘自己不知道的拥有的力量来克服挑战，F选项“现在你知道你有战胜风暴的内在力量”为深入挖掘后知道自己有这种克服挑战的力量，且后文中That self-knowledge and confidence in your abilities与本句中the inner power相互呼应。故选F。 3. 空前“Coming out the other side of trouble sometimes gives you a fresh outlook. Priorities shift.(从麻烦的另一面出来有时会给你一个全新的视角。重点的转变)”表示应注意重点的转变，后文“You have a deeper appreciation for life’s simple moments and clarity about what matters.(你对生活中简单的时刻有了更深的欣赏，对什么是重要的有了清晰的认识)”表明认识更胜一层，E选项“以前看来重要的东西，现在相比之下就相形见绌了”为前文讲到重点的转变的具体内容，且引出转变后对于理解的升级，符合语境。故选E。 4. 空后“The old way of doing things no longer works, so you must rebuild and re imagine your life. Though change is hard, it opens up possibilities for new growth and exciting adventures. Look at this as a chance for a fresh start.(旧的做事方式不再有效，所以你必须重建和重新想象你的生活。虽然改变很难，但它为新的成长和令人兴奋的冒险提供了可能性。把这当成一个重新开始的机会)”可知，空处应表示改变的益处，引出下文，A选项“剧烈的变化往往会导致转变”符合语境。故选A。 5. 空前“You now recognize the suffering of people around you and desire to help ease their burdens. Use your experience to be there for friends and family members facing difficulties.(你现在认识到你周围人的痛苦，并渴望帮助他们减轻负担。利用你的经验帮助你的朋友和家人面对困难)”表明利用自己的经验帮助周围的人面对困难，C选项“提供一个倾听的耳朵，和他们分享你的故事”为具体的方法。故选C。 Passage 9 （23-24高二下·湖北十堰·阶段练习）Do you feel like you’re always dealing with problems when it comes to work, relationships, health, or finances? Are you tired of feeling stressed, overwhelmed, and like your problems never seem to go away? 1 With the world developing faster than ever, finding the right mix of habits can keep you on your toes and ahead of your game. Manage Your Time Wisely Make the most of your 24 hours without feeling like you’re in a never-ending race against the clock. In order to take control of your time and use it wisely, you need to start prioritizing your tasks. Determine what needs your immediate attention and what can wait. 2 Minimize distractions like social media, unnecessary meetings, and pointless busy work. Develop a Solution-focused Mindset 3 But don’t let it take center stage. Focus on taking action and being constructive. For example, if you have a conflict with a friend, instead of stewing in hurt feelings, reflect on how you can communicate better. Practice Assertiveness (果断) Being assertive means having the courage to speak your truth, share your opinions, and defend your needs while equally valuing the perspectives and needs of others. 4 It’s essential for resolving misunderstandings and building strong, transparent relationships. Don’t be afraid to say “no” when something isn’t in line with your priorities or values. Adopt a Comprehensive Approach to Wellness Look at your well-being from a 360 perspective: mind, body, and spirit. 5 Each one plays a vital role in your overall health. Nourish your body with foods that energize you. Exercise regularly in a way that you enjoy. Make sure you’re getting enough sleep to recharge. A．Acknowledge the problem. B．Lengthen your working hours. C．Life throws challenges as well as opportunities to you. D．It’s recognized that these elements are interconnected. E．This habit encourages open and honest communication. F．Identify activities that consume time but deliver low value. G．Most people underestimate how much power they have to fix problems. 【答案】1. G 2. F 3. A 4. E 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了如何应对生活挑战和改善个人生活的有效建议。 1. 本空位于段中，前文使用了两个一般疑问句“Do you feel like you’re always dealing with problems when it comes to work, relationships, health, or finances? Are you tired of feeling stressed, overwhelmed, and like your problems never seem to go away?(当涉及到工作、人际关系、健康或财务时，你是否觉得自己总是在处理问题?你是否厌倦了压力、不知所措，以及你的问题似乎永远不会消失?)”将读者迅速代入到生活中所面临的挑战或困境，后文用一句话“With the world developing faster than ever, finding the right mix of habits can keep you on your toes and ahead of your game.( 随着世界的发展速度比以往任何时候都要快，找到正确的习惯组合可以让你保持警觉并在比赛中领先。)”直接引出下文。因此，G项“大多数人低估了自己解决问题的能力”承上启下，符合语境。故选G。 2. 本空位于段中，前文“Make the most of your 24 hours without feeling like you’re in a never-ending race against the clock. In order to take control of your time and use it wisely, you need to start prioritizing your tasks. Determine what needs your immediate attention and what can wait.(充分利用你的24小时，不要觉得你在和时间赛跑。为了控制你的时间并明智地利用它，你需要开始对你的任务进行优先排序。确定哪些需要立即关注，哪些可以稍后再做。)”讲述了要高效利用时间，要为任务设定优先级，区分紧急与可等待的事项，后文“Minimize distractions like social media, unnecessary meetings, and pointless busy work.(尽量减少社交媒体、不必要的会议和毫无意义的繁忙工作等干扰。)”继续用具体事例讲述要尽量减少一些不必要的干扰因素。因此，F项“要识别那些消耗时间但价值不高的活动”衔接前后文，符合语境。故选F。 3. 本空位于段首，本段的小标题为“Develop a Solution-focused Mindset(培养以解决方案为导向的思维方式)”后文开头用“but”引出具体观点，其中明确 “don’t let it take center stage(不要让它成为焦点)” 中的“it”是解答本题的关键，根据后文可知，不要让它占据主导地位，要专注于采取行动和保持建设性。因此A项“承认问题”符合语境。故选A。 4. 本空位于段中，前文“Being assertive means having the courage to speak your truth, share your opinions, and defend your needs while equally valuing the perspectives and needs of others.(自信意味着有勇气说出自己的真相，分享自己的观点，捍卫自己的需求，同时同样重视他人的观点和需求。)”阐述了关于“assertive”的定义，根据后文“It’s essential for resolving misunderstandings and building strong, transparent relationships. Don’t be afraid to say “no” when something isn’t in line with your priorities or values.(这对于解决误解和建立牢固、透明的关系至关重要。当事情不符合你的优先级或价值观时，不要害怕说“不”。)”提到这种行为对消除误解、建立强大且透明的关系至关重要可知，E项“这种习惯鼓励开放且诚实的交流”符合语境。后文中的“it”指代的是E项中的“this habit”。故选E。 5. 本空位于段中，根据小标题“Adopt a Comprehensive Approach to Wellness(采用全面的健康方法)”可知，本段讲述的是采取全面的健康方法，首句“Look at your well-being from a 360 perspective: mind, body, and spirit(从360度的角度来看你的幸福:思想、身体和精神)”提到要从心理、身体和精神全方位看待健康，后文“Each one plays a vital role in your overall health. Nourish your body with foods that energize you.( 每一种都对你的整体健康起着至关重要的作用。用能让你充满活力的食物来滋养你的身体。)”从每一方面进行阐述。因此，D项“认识到这些要素是相互联系的”衔接前后文，符合语境。故选D。 Passage 10 （23-24高二下·全国·课后作业）Courage is a quality that everyone has, but it sometimes disappears because of bad experiences or memories. 1 So, how can people build courage? By identifying the source of any lack of courage and actively changing your behavior, you can build courage. Determine your specific fears. People are often unwilling to admit that they are afraid of something. In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears. 2 This may help you to work out a plan to overcome them and build your courage. Recognize your courage. Just as it’s important to identify your fears, you should also recognize that you also have courage in many situations. 3 It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations that cause fear. It can also help improve your behavior and build your courage. Make a practical plan to build your courage. Once you’ve identified your specific fears and recognized situations where you exhibit courage, make your plan to build your courage and update it when necessary. 4 The reason for that is it helps you be on track if you have difficulties and you will see your progress over time. Avoid comparing yourself with others. Every person is different and comparing yourself with other people can minimize your self-confidence. Focusing on yourself is essential to building your confidence and courage. 5 Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but also they believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears. By developing and projecting confidence in yourself, you set yourself on the path to building and maintaining courage. A．Part of building your courage is taking risks. B．Embrace the positive and avoid the negative. C．Make a list of your fears as you figure them out. D．Having a clear strategy you can follow is important. E．Take the time to acknowledge that you are courageous. F．Have confidence and believe in your ability to be courageous. G．Showing courage is necessary to succeed in many situations in life. 【答案】1. G 2. C 3. E 4. D 5. F 【导语】这是一篇说明文，勇气是每个人都拥有的品质，但是它有时因为糟糕的经历或回忆而消失。本文就如何建立勇气给出了几点建议。 1. 本句为承上启下句。空前“but it sometimes disappears because of bad experiences or memories.(但有时它会因为糟糕的经历或回忆而消失)”表达了勇气会因为不好的经历和记忆消失，强调了人们有时会缺乏勇气，空后“So, how can people build courage?(那么，人们如何建立勇气呢？)”提出问题，人们怎样才能建立勇气。G项（在人生中的许多情况下，展现勇气是成功的必要条件）承接上文，继续探讨勇气这一话题，指出勇气的重要性；同时引出下文，勇气如此重要，不禁使人发问，人们该如何建立勇气。故选G。 2. 本句承接上文。上文“In order to begin building courage, you need to determine your specific fears.(为了开始建立勇气，你需要确定你具体的恐惧)”讲述了为了开始建立勇气，你需要确定你具体的恐惧。C项“当你弄清你的恐惧时，列出你的恐惧清单”承接上一句内容。故选C。 3. 本句承上启下。空前“Just as it’s important to identify your fears, you should also recognize that you also have courage in many situations. 正如认清你的恐惧很重要一样，你也应该认识到在很多情况下你也有勇气)”说就像识别你的恐惧很重要一样，你也应该认识到在许多情况下你也拥有勇气。空后“It can help you to figure out how to apply this quality to situations that cause fear.(它可以帮助你弄清楚如何将这种品质应用到引起恐惧的情况中)”讲了它可以帮助你弄清如何将这种品质应用到使你胆怯的境况中。E项“花时间去承认你是勇敢的”承上启下，故选E。 4. 根据下文“The reason for that is it helps you be on track if you have difficulties and you will see your progress over time.(这样做的原因是，如果你遇到困难，它可以帮助你走上正轨，随着时间的推移，你会看到你的进步)”所讲，原因是如果你遇到困难，它会帮助你稳步前进，随着时间的推移你将会看到你的进步。D项“有一个清晰的、你可以遵循的战略是重要的”符合语境。下文中的 it指代的就是D项所说的具体做法——有一个清晰的、你可以遵循的战略，故选D。 5. 根据本句位置和全文的篇章结构可知，本句为本段的中心句。根据下文“Two characteristics of courageous people are that they not only have confidence, but also they believe in their ability to succeed and overcome fears.(勇敢的人有两个特点：他们不仅有信心，而且相信自己有能力取得成功，克服恐惧)”讲的，勇敢者的两个特点是他们不仅有信心而且他们也相信自己有战胜恐惧的能力。F项“要有信心，相信自己有勇气”符合语境，故选F。 三、 高阶提升 Passage 11 （22-23高二下·湖南岳阳·期末）NEED A GOOD ADVENTURE Adventures expand our world by allowing us to engage with ourselves and others in a new way. Ready for your adventure? Here’s some advice.Start small. Pick a manageable activity you can do soon — this weekend — close to home. 1 Taking gradual steps teaches your brain that experience is not as bad as you expected and you can handle it. 2 Research from Harvard University shows that people who interpreted their nervousness about activities such as karaoke singing and public speaking as excitement enjoyed the experiences more and performed better than those who tried to press down their anxiety. This changed their threat mindset into an opportunity mindset.Use your imagination. 3 Say you want to go on a hike but are worried you’ll become lost, hurt or too exhausted to get home. Try to picture this. Next, visualize the best-case scene: the beautiful view, the fun you’ll have, your sense of accomplishment afterward. This exercise helps put fear in perspective.Write yourself a letter. Think of it as an uplift talk. Start by addressing your fear. “I know you’re nervous. This is normal because you’re leaving your comfort zone.” 4 The point is to ensure your feelings and remind yourself that, even though you feel nervous, you can handle this.Relax about the outcome. If you could do this whole thing perfectly, it would not be the adventure you’re looking for. Remember: Whatever happens, it should make a good story. Imagining how fun it will be to tell your friends about your adventurous story later will help you stop complaining now. 5 A．Picture the worst-case scene. B．Arouse your anxiety. C．This will break your inactivity and help you build up to bigger adventures. D．Shift how you view anxiety. E．And you’ll feel connected to others. F．This can boost your mood and change your thinking by making you feel more stressed. G．Then write about the skills you have and the past experiences that went well. 【答案】1. C 2. D 3. A 4. G 5. E 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章提供了如何开始进行冒险的建议。 1. 前文“Pick a manageable activity you can do soon — this weekend— close to home. (选择一个你可以很快完成的活动——这个周末——在离家近的地方。)”建议从易完成的活动开始，后文“Taking gradual steps teaches your brain that experience is not as bad as you expected and you can handle it. (循序渐进会让你的大脑知道，经历并不像你想象的那么糟糕，你可以处理好。)”说明循序渐进的好处，C项“This will break your inactivity and help you build up to bigger adventures. (这将打破你的惰性，帮助你建立更大的冒险。)”符合语境，说明从简单开始的好处，承接前文，呼应后文的好处，其中的This指代前一句的内容。故选C。 2. 空处是段落标题，需统领段落内容，且和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的句式。后文“Research from Harvard University shows that people who interpreted their nervousness about activities such as karaoke singing and public speaking as excitement enjoyed the experiences more and performed better than those who tried to press down their anxiety. This changed their threat mindset into an opportunity mindset. (哈佛大学的研究表明，那些将自己对卡拉OK和公开演讲等活动的紧张情绪理解为兴奋的人，比那些试图压制焦虑情绪的人更享受这些经历，表现也更好。这让他们的威胁心态变成了机会心态。)”具体说明转变焦虑心态的好处，D项“Shift how you view anxiety. (改变你对焦虑的看法。)”符合语境，建议改变对焦虑的看法，可以统领后文内容。故选D。 3. 空处位于段首，需引出后文内容。本段的标题“Use your imagination. (发挥你的想象力。)”建议想象，后文“Say you want to go on a hike but are worried you’ll become lost, hurt or too exhausted to get home. Try to picture this. (比如说你想去徒步旅行，但担心你会迷路、受伤或太累而无法回家。试着想象一下。)”具体描述想象中的遇到糟糕的事情，A项“Picture the worst-case scene. (想象最坏的情况。)”符合语境，建议开始最坏的情况的想象，呼应标题，引出后文的事情，与后文的visualize the best-case scene形成对照。故选A。 4. 前文“Think of it as an uplift talk. Start by addressing your fear. “I know you’re nervous. This is normal because you’re leaving your comfort zone.” (就当这是一次鼓舞人心的谈话吧。从解决你的恐惧开始。“我知道你很紧张。这很正常，因为你要离开自己的舒适区。”)”建议通过写信来和自我对话，介绍首先安慰自己很正常，G项“Then write about the skills you have and the past experiences that went well. (然后写下你所拥有的技能和过去顺利的经历。)”符合语境，介绍写下能够鼓舞自己的技能和经历，承接前文的写信内容。故选G。 5. 空处位于段尾，需承接前文内容。前文“Imagining how fun it will be to tell your friends about your adventurous story later will help you stop complaining now. (想象一下以后告诉你的朋友你的冒险故事会有多有趣，这会帮助你现在停止抱怨。)”说明想象和朋友讲冒险故事的好处，E项“And you’ll feel connected to others. (你会觉得和别人有联系。)”符合语境，进一步说明这件事的好处，承接前文的好处。故选E。 Passage 12 （23-24高二下·河北邯郸·阶段练习）In Stressful Times, Make Stress Work for You These are stressful times. Fortunately, we can actually use that stress to improve our health and well-being. Over a decade of research suggests that it’s not the type or amount of stress that determines its impact. 1 Step 1: Acknowledge Your Stress Labeling your stress consciously and deliberately moves neural activity from the amygdala — the center of emotion and fear — to the prefrontal cortex, which is responsible for executive control and planning. In other words, when we take a moment to acknowledge our stress, it moves us from operating from a fearful, reactive place to a position where we can be thoughtful and deliberate. 2 Step 2: Own Your Stress The next step is to welcome, or “own” your stress. We only stress about things that we care about. 3 Try completing this sentence about whatever was specifically stressing you out in step one: “I’m stressed about…because I deeply care about…” Step 3: Use Your Stress Connecting to the core values behind your stress sets you up for the third and most essential step: using or leveraging stress to achieve your goals and connect more deeply with the things that matter most. Ask yourself: Are your typical responses in alignment with the values behind your stress? 4 There’s so much happening right now that we can’t control. 5 Some psychologists argue that true transformative change can occur only during stress or crises. The trick is to channel your coronavirus stress as energy to make the most of this time. A．Think about how you might change your response to this stress to better facilitate your goals and your purpose. B．You can release stress from the past and more with emotional focus techniques. C．By owning our stress, we connect to the positive motivation or personal value behind our stress. D．But — as many people are noticing — there are also unprecedented opportunities amid the fear. E．Instead, it’s our mind-set about stress that matters most. F．But later, we will be able to ask ourselves how we each responded to this crisis. G．This step is also an opportunity to understand what’s at the heart of your personal stress or anxiety. 【答案】1. E 2. G 3. C 4. A 5. D 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在压力大的时期如何有效利用压力来提升健康和幸福感的策略。 1. 根据上一句“Over a decade of research suggests that it’s not the type or amount of stress that determines its impact.”（十多年的研究表明，决定压力影响的不是压力的类型或数量。）可知，空格处应该表达的是与压力的类型或数量无关的决定压力影响的因素，E选项“Instead, it’s our mind-set about stress that matters most.”（相反，最重要的是我们对压力的心态。）符合上下文语境。故选E。 2. 根据上一句“In other words, when we take a moment to acknowledge our stress, it moves us from operating from a fearful, reactive place to a position where we can be thoughtful and deliberate.”（换句话说，当我们花一点时间来承认我们的压力时，它会让我们从一个恐惧、反应性的地方转移到一个我们可以深思熟虑和果断的位置。）可知，空格处应该表达的是承认压力的好处，G 选项“This step is also an opportunity to understand what’s at the heart of your personal stress or anxiety.”（这一步也是一个了解你个人压力或焦虑的核心是什么的机会。）符合上下文语境，“This step”指代上文中的“take a moment to acknowledge our stress”。故选G。 3. 根据上一句“We only stress about things that we care about.”（我们只对我们关心的事情感到压力。）可知，空格处应该表达的是与关心的事情相关的内容，C 选项“By owning our stress, we connect to the positive motivation or personal value behind our stress.”（通过拥有我们的压力，我们与压力背后的积极动机或个人价值联系起来。）符合上下文语境。故选C。 4. 根据上一句“Ask yourself: Are your typical responses in alignment with the values behind your stress?”（问问自己：你典型的反应是否与你压力背后的价值观相一致？）可知，空格处应该表达的是与反应和压力相关的内容，A 选项“Think about how you might change your response to this stress to better facilitate your goals and your purpose.”（想想你可以如何改变你对这种压力的反应，以更好地促进你的目标和目的。）符合上下文语境。故选A。 5. 根据上一句“There’s so much happening right now that we can’t control.”（现在发生了太多我们无法控制的事情。）与下文“ Some psychologists argue that true transformative change can occur only during stress or crises. The trick is to channel your coronavirus stress as energy to make the most of this time.”（一些心理学家认为，真正的变革只会在压力或危机中发生。诀窍是将你的冠状病毒压力转化为能量，以充分利用这段时间。）可知，虽然有很多无法控制的事情发生，但是充分利用这段时间，把压力作为能量，能够产生真正的变革性改变；D 选项“But — as many people are noticing — there are also unprecedented opportunities amid the fear.”（但是，正如许多人注意到的那样，在恐惧中也有前所未有的机会。）与上文构成转折关系，说明虽然很多无法控制的事情让我们产生恐惧，但这种压力与恐惧中也存在着机会，符合上下文语境。故选D。 Passage 13 （23-24高二下·浙江·期中）Life presents challenges at every stage, leading to inevitable stress. Developing coping abilities and maintaining a positive mindset can greatly benefit emotional, mental, and physical well-being. 1 Exercise and stretch. When teenagers carry a lot of stress, it can create significant muscle tension within the body. Stretching and yoga, especially, will help to relieve this physical strain and provide a sense of release. Though, any type of exercise will do the trick, like jogging, stretching, weight training, etc.Listen to music. Sometimes a walk outdoors with a soothing playlist is the best remedy (治疗法) to stress. 2 Listening to music will facilitate positive thoughts, social skills, and a sense of peace when stressed. Essentially, chill songs with a gentle melody will help to slow down a racing mind and heartbeat.Talk to someone. Believe it or not, complaining can have a positive impact on mental health. 3 Teens can choose to talk to a close friend, teacher, or another family member. As long as they’re talking about what’s on their mind and what’s stressing them out, the chances are they will feel like a load is lifted off their shoulders afterward. 4 Sleep and stress are directly related. When dealing with a particularly difficult situation, it can get in the way of a good night’s sleep. People who tend to internalize (内化) emotions may struggle to unwind, resulting in increased stress and sleeplessness. Learning to relax can manage stress at night.Maintain healthy eating habits. Stress or emotional eating is a behavior a teen may experience during times of increased stress. But it’s contributing to a greater harmful cycle. 5 Instead, kids should focus on enjoying food and eating because they’re hungry, not because they’re stressed or overwhelmed. A．Luckily, teens love their music. B．Get 8 hours of sleep every night. C．It is natural for teens to listen to music. D．Certainly, solutions are available to most of us in theory. E．Parents aren’t the only people they can pour out their heart to. F．Overeating to deal with feelings of stress can lead to guilt or shame afterward. G．However, in a world that’s widely overwhelming, doing so is easier said than done. 【答案】1. G 2. A 3. E 4. B 5. F 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了五种缓解青少年压力的方法：运动、听音乐、倾诉、保证睡眠和保持健康饮食习惯。 1. 前文“Life presents challenges at every stage, leading to inevitable stress. Developing coping abilities and maintaining a positive mindset can greatly benefit emotional, mental, and physical well-being. (生活的每个阶段都有挑战，压力不可避免。发展应对能力和保持积极的心态可以极大地有益于情感、精神和身体健康)”提到通过发展应对能力和保持积极的心态来处理压力，后文具体介绍了处理的方法，因此G项“However, in a world that’s widely overwhelming, doing so is easier said than done. (然而，在一个普遍令人不知所措的世界里，这样做说起来容易做起来难)”符合语境，对该做法做出评价，和前文构成转折，为后文的方法做铺垫，其中的doing so指代前文提到的Developing coping abilities and maintaining a positive mindset。故选G。 2. 前文“Sometimes a walk outdoors with a soothing playlist is the best remedy (治疗法) to stress. (有时候，在户外散步，听着舒缓的音乐是缓解压力的最好方法)”提到户外散步时听音乐是缓解压力的好方法，后文“Listening to music will facilitate positive thoughts, social skills, and a sense of peace when stressed. (听音乐可以促进积极的想法，社交技巧，以及在压力下的平静感)”说明听音乐的具体作用，因此A项“Luckily, teens love their music. (幸运的是，青少年喜欢他们的音乐)”符合语境，说明青少年是喜欢音乐的，为前文的论断提供了支撑，过渡到后文。故选A。 3. 前文“Believe it or not, complaining can have a positive impact on mental health. (信不信由你，抱怨对心理健康有积极的影响)”指出抱怨有利于心理健康，后文“Teens can choose to talk to a close friend, teacher, or another family member. (青少年可以选择与亲密的朋友、老师或其他家庭成员交谈)”为青少年推荐倾诉的对象，因此E项“Parents aren’t the only people they can pour out their heart to. (父母不是他们唯一可以倾诉心声的人)”符合语境，提到青少年还可以向父母以外的人倾诉，承接前文，引出后文的推荐。故选E。 4. 空处是段落标题，需统领段落内容，且需和其他段落标题一样使用祈使句的形式。后文“Sleep and stress are directly related. When dealing with a particularly difficult situation, it can get in the way of a good night’s sleep. People who tend to internalize (内化) emotions may struggle to unwind, resulting in increased stress and sleeplessness. Learning to relax can manage stress at night. (睡眠和压力是直接相关的。在处理特别困难的情况时，它可能会妨碍你睡个好觉。倾向于将情绪内化的人可能难以放松，从而导致压力增加和失眠。学会放松可以控制晚上的压力)”主要介绍了睡眠和压力的关系，建议学会放松，确保睡好，因此B项“Get 8 hours of sleep every night. (每晚保证8小时的睡眠)”符合语境，契合段落内容，其中的sleep在后文有同词复现。故选B。 5. 前文“Stress or emotional eating is a behavior a teen may experience during times of increased stress. But it’s contributing to a greater harmful cycle. (压力式或情绪化进食是青少年在压力增加时可能会经历的一种行为。但它正在导致一个更大的恶性循环)”指出压力增加导致的不规律的饮食会导致恶性循环，因此F项“Overeating to deal with feelings of stress can lead to guilt or shame afterward. (为了应对压力而暴饮暴食会导致事后的内疚或羞愧)”符合语境，指出这种行为事后会引起负面情绪，承接前文，描述前文所说的a greater harmful cycle。故选F。 Passage 14 （22-23高二下·广东中山·期末）How often do you look back on your life and wish you had done things differently? Most of you may say regret is at least an occasional part of your life, while some may feel regret “all the time”. Although filling your life with regrets is indeed bad for you, going to the other extreme may be even worse. To truly get over your guilt requires that you put regret in its proper place. 1 Make a list of your regrets. Write down why each regret bothers you and its lingering bad effects. Be honest without catastrophizing (小题大做). For example, you may note that you hurt a friend’s feelings through your own fault. 2 You will find that a list is a lot less frightening than what you thought. Forgive yourself. After you make a mistake, life moves on. 3 In other words, you have voluntarily chosen to punish yourself for a poor decision you made in the past. Now it is the time to forgive yourself by declaring: “I make amends with myself and will not waste another minute of my life reliving a decision that cannot be changed.” Look for the lesson. Regret is like a school run by human nature. If you never experienced regret, you would keep repeating the same behaviors that led you to miss opportunities and wreck relationships in the past. 4 In your list of regrets, also note how you want to change your behavior, and outline your resolutions going forward. Next, list all the ways that you can invest in your own skills and improvement right now-and get started. Regrets may hurt, but being trapped in them is destructive. Trying to live without them is a lost opportunity to grow. Life is a journey full of pleasures and pains. 5 A．Can you undo what caused the regret? B．Yet sometimes you just can’t stop kicking yourself. C．Making a list of your regrets may free you from shame or sorrow. D．Your regret can teach you to become smarter and more successful. E．But you should also note that this certainly didn’t ruin the person’s life. F．So, what can you do when you find yourself regretting for your past missteps? G．To live it well means learning from every bit of it, including the mistakes, and moving forward. 【答案】1. F 2. E 3. B 4. D 5. G 【导语】这是一篇说明文。作者介绍了避免让后悔占据自己生活全部的方法。 1. 根据前句“To truly get over your guilt requires that you put regret in its proper place (要想真正 克服内疚，就需要把后悔放在适当的位置)”以及后文介绍的避免经常后悔的方法，可知表示“那么，当你发现自己为过去的失误感到后悔时，你该怎么办呢？”的选项F可以承接前文为过去的失误感到后悔的话题，引出后文介绍的方法，故选F。 2. 根据前句“For example, you may note that you hurt a friend’s feelings through your own fault.(例如，你可能会注意到，你因为自己的过错伤害了朋友的感情)”可知，下文举例说明注意到了对朋友的伤害，因此推断表示“但你也应该注意到，这肯定没有毁掉这个人的生活”的选项E可以承接前文，说明自己的过错伤害了朋友的感情的话题，介绍这种伤害的程度，因此下文“You will find that a list is a lot less frightening than what you thought.( 你会发现列表比你想象的要小得多。)”说明伤害没有你想象的严重。故选E。 3. 根据后句“In other words, you have voluntarily chosen to punish yourself for a poor decision you made in the past (换句话说，你因为过去做出的一个糟糕的决定而自愿选择惩罚自己)”可知，此处说明你会为了自己的错误自责，因此推断表示“然而，有时你就是无法停止自责”的选项B可以和后文表达同一个意思，因为过去做出的一个糟糕的决定而自责，in other words是关键词，说明前后表达同一个意思。故选B。 4. 根据小标题Look for the lesson (寻找经验教训)以及前文“Regret is like a school run by human nature. If you never experienced regret, you would keep repeating the same behaviors that led you to miss opportunities and wreck relationships in the past (后悔就像一所由人性开办的学校。如果你从未经历过后悔，你会不断重复过去导致你错过机会和破坏关系的行为)”可知，后悔对你是有益处的，可以让你不必重蹈覆辙，因此推断表示“你的后悔可以教会你变得更聪明、更成功”的选项D可以承接前文，说明不经历后悔会不断重复过去的错误的说法，介绍经历后悔的作用，故选D。 5. 根据前句“Life is a journey full of pleasures and pains (生活是一段充满快乐和痛苦的旅程)”可知，生活充满了快乐也有痛苦，因此推断表示“活得好意味着从每一点中吸取教训，包括错误，并继续前进”的选项G可以承接前文关于生活的话题，介绍活得好的方法，故选G。 Passage 15 （2024·江西九江·二模）Sometimes, we pour in our best efforts, only to see the worst outcomes. It can be frustrating and demotivating, and slipping into a negative mindset is easy. In the event of failure, it is very tempting to self-blame or self-pity for what happened. 1 Here’s what you can do to make yourself feel good when things don’t work out. Acknowledge Your Emotions When things don’t go according to plan, it’s natural to feel disappointed, frustrated, or sad. 2 Recognize your feelings and accept that it’s okay to feel that way. By allowing yourself to experience your emotions, you can process them better and move on. While it is good to recover quickly, the grieving phase is a necessity you shouldn’t skip. People who deny that they failed and that nothing went wrong only find themselves in more complicated situations and a more fractured emotional state. Feel sad, breathe, take a few walks, and think that acknowledging the issue means 50% of your problem is already solved. Practice Self-Care 3 Grab some time to engage in activities that make you happy and relaxed. Take a long bath, walk in nature, meditate, read a book, or watch your favorite movie. When we feel good about ourselves, we are better equipped to deal with life’s challenges. Surround Yourself with Positivity Surround yourself with people who inspire you, while being true. 4 You could also join a support group or an online community of like-minded individuals who share your interests. 5 While you see yourself as a strong person who can handle negativity, it’s best to withdraw from the chaos during recovery. Avoid social media and dealing with colleagues who often trigger negativity. A．Take a step back and evaluate what went wrong. B．Don’t suppress your emotions; instead, acknowledge them. C．However, it’s crucial to pick yourself up and move forward. D．Spend time with family and friends who love and support you. E．Self-care is the key to healthy mental and physical well-being. F．Celebrate the small wins with friends who are happy to see you triumph. G．Having a positive support system can help you stay motivated and focused. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. E 4. D 5. G 【导语】这是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了通过情感认知、自我关爱以及积极的社交支持来帮助自己从负面情绪中走出来，重拾动力和积极态度。 1. 根据上文的“In the event of failure, it is very tempting to self-blame or self-pity for what happened. (一旦失败，人们很容易对所发生的事情感到自责或自怜。)”和下文的“Here’s what you can do to make yourself feel good when things don’t work out.(以下是当事情不成功时，你可以做些什么让自己感觉良好。)”可知，C项(然而，振作起来并向前迈进是至关重要的。)与上文构成转折关系，指出人们面对失败不要气馁而是要敢于前进，下文作为过渡句引出后文的帮助自己从负面情绪中走出来的做法，故选C项。 2. 根据上文的“When things don’t go according to plan, it’s natural to feel disappointed, frustrated, or sad. (当事情没有按计划进行时，人们很自然会感到失望、沮丧或悲伤。)”和下文的“ Recognize your feelings and accept that it’s okay to feel that way. By allowing yourself to experience your emotions, you can process them better and move on.(认识到你的感受，并接受这种感觉是可以的。通过让自己体验自己的情绪，你可以更好地处理它们并继续前进。)”可知，B项(不要压抑自己的情绪，而是接纳它们。)承接上文，指出要接受自己产生了消极情绪的事实，下文具体描述如何接受消极情绪并继续前进，故选B项。 3. 根据下文的“Grab some time to engage in activities that make you happy and relaxed. Take a long bath, walk in nature, meditate, read a book, or watch your favorite movie. When we feel good about ourselves, we are better equipped to deal with life’s challenges.(抽出一些时间参加一些能让你感到快乐和放松的活动。洗个长澡，在大自然中漫步，冥想，看书，或者看你最喜欢的电影。当我们自我感觉良好时，我们就能更好地应对生活中的挑战。)”可知，人处在消极情绪中的时候，要想办法为自己减压，E项(自我关照是身心健康的关键。)适合作为本段的主题句，并与本段标题(练习自我关照)相呼应，故选E项。 4. 根据上文的“Surround yourself with people who inspire you, while being true. (让自己身边充满激励你的人，同时保持真实的自我。)”和下文的“You could also join a support group or an online community of like-minded individuals who share your interests.(你也可以加入一个由志同道合的人组成的支持小组或在线社区，他们与你有着共同的兴趣。)”可知，D项(与爱你、支持你的家人和朋友共度时光。)承接上文，指出了和身边能够对你产生积极影响的人相处，下文又举例说明你可以和志同道合的人一起做喜欢的事情，故选D项。 5. 根据下文的“While you see yourself as a strong person who can handle negativity, it’s best to withdraw from the chaos during recovery. Avoid social media and dealing with colleagues who often trigger negativity.(虽然你认为自己是一个坚强的人，可以处理消极情绪，但最好在康复期间从混乱中退出。避免社交媒体，避免与经常引发负面情绪的同事打交道。)”可知，G项(拥有一个积极的支持体系可以帮助你保持动力和专注。)适合作为本段的主题句，说明了身边的人要对你起到积极的影响，与下文提到的“远离负面情绪的人”话题相符，故选G项。 高二下学期 单元话题 梯度训练 27 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$