专题03 Unit 1 单元语法多题型综合练（非限制定语从句）-2024-2025学年高二英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020选择必修第三册)

Unit 1 Wish you were here (译林版2020选择必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（非限制定语从句） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1． the company had predicted (预测), the popularity of the new product, increased rapidly among the teenagers within a short time. 2．Peppa Pig was launched in 2004 in Britain, since the show has been shown in over 170 countries and translated into 40 languages. 3．She even played some recordings of their singing, was fun. 4．His house, windows were all broken, was a heartbreaking sight. 5．Every morning I would go walking in the forest, I can breathe fresh air. 6．The country, population is growing rapidly, faces challenges. It has difficulty in providing enough food for the newly-born children. 7．Chinese calligraphy has long been recognized as an art form, is practiced by both young and old. 8．The best time to visit Disneyland is during the summer and holidays, Disneyland hours are the longest, meaning more hours to play, more things to do, and more rides to experience. 9．In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. 10．Colin Firth has great chemistry with Geoffrey Rush and Bonham Carter, characters are both very believable. 11．Many rare animals (disappear) every year, is a serious problem. 12．Peking Opera began in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, its leading actors first started wearing masks. 13．She called her doctor, recommended her to get checked out to see if she had a stomach problem. 14．The novel became a bestseller its unique writing style, attracted a large number of readers. 15． we all know, he is a famous scientist in this field. 16．Meituan said each order — available categories are to include food, drinks, medicines and more — will be hand delivered to the rooftop of a nearby hotel, a worker will attach the package to a drone capable of handling roughly 5-pound, or 2.3-kilogram, loads. 17．Their recovery has been so successful that the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 18．At the moment, delivery drones are mainly used for military action and disaster relief, like the distribution of medicines during emergencies, especially places that are hard to reach by other means of transport. 19．In southern China, ____ the climate is warmer and thus there aren't many naturally frozen lakes to enjoy, people will go to indoor rinks (溜冰场) to enjoy the winter fun instead. 20．Craftsmen can make and process the components in advance and quickly put them together on site, is simple and efficient. 21．Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. 22．Sitting in Quanzhou City, the ancient Maritime Silk Road started, it has sold like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty. 23．So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. 24．Some of these are famous, but Singapore has one special way, you may not know about. 25． David Myers points out, “Actual income doesn’t much influence happiness; how satisfied we are with our income does. If we’re content with our income, regardless of how much it is, we’re likely to say we’re happy. To put it another way, satisfaction isn’t so much getting what you want as wanting what you have.” 26．Jim Johnson, a mail (carry), was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven, he delivered much more than the mail. 27．An earthquake struck Japan, causing a disaster, shadows many Japanese are still living in. 28．Tom passed the driving test, made his parents very happy. 29． we all know, global warming has caused a lot of natural disasters. 30．I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, one of the oldest parts of the city. 2．The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing. 3．We visited a local farm, (在那里我们对……印象深刻) by the sustainable farming practices used to grow organic food. (impress) 4．John returned with two workers, (在他们的帮助下) we finally got the car out of the mud. (help n.) 5．There are several fitness apps designed specifically for runners, (值得推荐) for tracking progress. (worth, recommend) 6．The house, , has got a lovely garden. 我去年买了这栋房子，它有一个漂亮的花园。 7． , anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。 8． The short film, , introduces the present situation of our school. 这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。 9．众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一次。(非限制性定语从句) , the moon travels around the earth once every month. 10．众所周知，爱因斯坦是位著名的科学家。（一句多译） Einstein, , is a famous scientist. ＝ Einstein is a famous scientist. ＝ is that Einstein is a famous scientist. Ⅲ 句型转换 1．The Mountain Resort is a large complex of palaces and gardens. Qing emperors often spent their summers, handling affairs of state and being engaged in important political activities. (用定语从句合并句子) 2．用定语从句升级下面句子。 I gave some of our paper cuts to our neighbors. They were very happy to receive them. 3．I like doing sports with my parents on weekend. It brings great pleasure to me. (用关系代词改写句子) I like doing sports with my parents on weekend, great pleasure to me. 4．用非限制性定语从句升级句子 The Great Wall is located in the northern part of China, and is about 6, 700 kilometers long. 5．用定语从句升级句子 Such is my best friend. In my view, she deserves to win the title of “The Most Qualified Student”. 6．The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, and it plays an important role in protecting our environment. (用which引导的定语从句升级句子) 7．One of his greatest masterpieces is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The novel tells Huckleberry Finn running away from home and wandering down the Mississippi River with a slave named Jim.(用定语从句升级) 8．This weekend, I read the book Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. This book is definitely one to remember.(用非限制性定语从句升级) 9．Kathy is my roommate. Her mother is a doctor. (用定语从句合并句子) 10．Harry’s parents are dead. He is badly treated at his aunt’s home.(用 whose引导的非限制性定语从句合并) 11．Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone is a fantasy film. The film is based on the novel of the English writer J. K. Rowling.(用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句合并) 12．There are many places of interest in Heyuan. Wanlv Lake is one of the outstanding examples.(用one example of which引导定语从句) 13．The cultural relic can attract more visitors to our city. This will promote the tourism of our city.（用非限制性定语从句升级） 14．The cultural relic is worth exploring. Exploring will make people learn more about the great history of our country.（用非限制性定语从句升级） 15．用定语从句合并句子 I first became interested in basketball at the age of nine. Then my father taught me how to play it. Ⅳ.翻译 1．一些国家已经建立了自然保护区，在那里野生大象能平静地生活。(where) 2．学生更喜欢在图书馆学习，在那里他们能保持专注。（prefer，定语从句） 3．本次展览的独特之处在于它涵盖了古埃及文明的各个方面，参观者们徜徉在历史的长河中，为古人的智慧所折服。(where) 4．如调查所反映的，疏于监管是网络暴力的罪魁祸首。(blame) 5．An increasing number of tourists flood into the old town, which makes a difference to advancing the local economy. 6．出国时，我们有机会与当地人交流，这可以帮助我们练习英语口语。(have access to) 7．他戴着小圆眼镜，留着短发，看起来很聪明。 8．老太太被女孩的仁慈深深打动了，这种仁慈体现在她每一个帮助他人的举动中。 9．梦想就像星星，可以照亮我们的生活。 10．直到那时我才明白，我们永远不该把爱视为理所当然，这催促我去感恩。 ( 5 / 6 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Wish you were here (译林版2020选择必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（非限制定语从句） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1． the company had predicted (预测), the popularity of the new product, increased rapidly among the teenagers within a short time. 【答案】As 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：正如公司所预测的那样，新产品的受欢迎程度在很短的时间内就在青少年中迅速增加。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少宾语，句子表示“正如公司所预测的那样，新产品的受欢迎程度在很短的时间内就在青少年中迅速增加”，空格处意为“正如”，用as引导定语从句，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故填As。 2．Peppa Pig was launched in 2004 in Britain, since the show has been shown in over 170 countries and translated into 40 languages. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：《小猪佩奇》于2004年在英国推出，自那时起，该节目已在170多个国家播出，并被翻译成40种语言。空处引导非限制性定语从句，对前面整个句子作补充说明，前面的句子表示since“自从”的时间点，应用关系副词when作引导词。故填when。 3．She even played some recordings of their singing, was fun. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她甚至播放了一些他们唱歌的录音，这是非常有趣的。此处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词some recordings of their singing ，且在从句中作主语，指物，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 4．His house, windows were all broken, was a heartbreaking sight. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他的房子窗户都碎了，一派令人心碎的景象。空格处引导的是非限制性定语从句，先行词house和windows之间是所属关系，因此用表所属的关系代词whose引导定语从句，故填whose。 5．Every morning I would go walking in the forest, I can breathe fresh air. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：每天早上我都会去森林里散步，那里我可以呼吸到新鲜空气。此处为关系词引导的非限定性定语从句，从句中缺少状语，且先行词forest指的是地点，所以此处使用关系副词where。故填where。 6．The country, population is growing rapidly, faces challenges. It has difficulty in providing enough food for the newly-born children. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个国家，其人口正在迅速增长，面临挑战。它在为新生儿提供足够的食物方面有困难。本空引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是the country，指物，关系代词代替先行词在从句中作定语，应使用关系代词whose引导。故填whose。 7．Chinese calligraphy has long been recognized as an art form, is practiced by both young and old. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国书法一直被认为是一种艺术形式，年轻人和老年人都在练习。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词an art form，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。 8．The best time to visit Disneyland is during the summer and holidays, Disneyland hours are the longest, meaning more hours to play, more things to do, and more rides to experience. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：游览迪士尼乐园的最佳时间是在夏季和假期，那时迪士尼乐园的开放时间最长，这意味着有更多的时间可以玩，有更多的事情可以做，有更多的游乐设施可以体验。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词在从句中作时间状语，修饰先行词the summer and holidays用when。故填when。 9．In a world where nearly 800 million people a year go hungry, “food waste goes against the moral grain,” Elizabeth Royte writes in this month’s cover story. 【答案】as 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在一个每年有近8亿人挨饿的世界上，正如伊丽莎白·罗伊特在本月的封面故事中所写的那样，“浪费食物违背了道德准则”。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面的句子，在定语从句中作宾语，表示“正如”，应用as。故填as。 10．Colin Firth has great chemistry with Geoffrey Rush and Bonham Carter, characters are both very believable. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：科林·费斯与杰弗里·拉什和邦纳姆·卡特配合默契，他们的角色都非常可信。“_____ characters are both very believable”为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Geoffrey Rush and Bonham Carter，关系词将其代入从句中作定语，修饰名词characters，表示“杰弗里·拉什和邦纳姆·卡特的角色”，应用表示所属关系的关系代词whose引导该定语从句。故填whose。 11．Many rare animals (disappear) every year, is a serious problem. 【答案】 are disappearing which 【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。句意：每年都有许多珍稀动物在消失，这是一个严重的问题。第一空：根据语境以及时间状语every year可知，此处为“每年都有许多珍稀动物正在消失”，强调现阶段正在发生的情况，所以用现在进行时“be +现在分词”结构，主语“Many rare animals”是复数，be动词用are，所以填are disappearing。第二空：这是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是前面整个句子“Many rare animals are disappearing every year”，关系词在从句中作主语，指代前面整个句子的内容，所以用which引导。故分别填are disappearing；which。 12．Peking Opera began in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, its leading actors first started wearing masks. 【答案】when 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：京剧起源于南北朝时期，那时主角们开始首次戴面具。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the Northern and Southern Dynasties。在从句中作时间状语，需要用关系副词when引导。故填when。 13．She called her doctor, recommended her to get checked out to see if she had a stomach problem. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：她打电话给医生，医生建议她去检查一下是否有胃病。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词doctor，指人，且关系词在从句中作主语，应用who引导，故填who。 14．The novel became a bestseller its unique writing style, attracted a large number of readers. 【答案】 because of which 【详解】考查介词短语和定语从句。句意：这部小说因其独特的写作风格而成为畅销书，这吸引了大量读者。根据第一空下文“its unique writing style(其独特的写作风格)”可知第一空需要填入一个表示原因的介词短语，because of符合语境，表示小说成为畅销书的原因是其独特的写作风格。根据第二空下文“ attracted a large number of readers(吸引了大量读者)”可知，第二空需要填入一个引导非限制性定语从句的关系代词，which符合语境，指代前文提到的“unique writing style”，在从句中作主语。故填①because of②which。 15． we all know, he is a famous scientist in this field. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，他是这个领域著名的科学家。空处需用关系词引导非限制性定语从句，指代后文整个句子，关系词在定语从句中作宾语，所以空处需用关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，句首单词需大写首字母。故填As。 16．Meituan said each order — available categories are to include food, drinks, medicines and more — will be hand delivered to the rooftop of a nearby hotel, a worker will attach the package to a drone capable of handling roughly 5-pound, or 2.3-kilogram, loads. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：美团表示，每一份订单——可提供的类别包括食品、饮料、药品等——将被手工送到附近一家酒店的屋顶，在那里，一名工作人员将把包裹绑在一架能够处理大约5磅（2.3公斤）货物的无人机上。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the rooftop of a nearby hotel，在从句作地点状语，故用关系副词where。故填where。 17．Their recovery has been so successful that the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：它们恢复得非常成功，以至于美国鱼类及野生动植物管理局两次试图将灰熊从名单上去掉，这将放松法律保护，允许灰熊被猎杀。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句缺少主语，指代将灰熊从名单上去掉这件事，用关系代词 which。故填which。 18．At the moment, delivery drones are mainly used for military action and disaster relief, like the distribution of medicines during emergencies, especially places that are hard to reach by other means of transport. 【答案】to 【详解】考查介词。句意：目前，送货无人机主要用于军事行动和救灾，比如在紧急情况下分发药品，尤其是运送到其他交通工具难以到达的地方。根据句意，表示“运送到……地方”应用介词to。故填to。 19．In southern China, ____ the climate is warmer and thus there aren't many naturally frozen lakes to enjoy, people will go to indoor rinks (溜冰场) to enjoy the winter fun instead. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：在中国南方，气候更温暖，因此没有很多自然结冰的湖泊可供游玩, 人们会去室内溜冰场享受冬季的乐趣。设空处引导非限制性定语从句, 先行词为southern China，表地点，引导词在从句中作状语, 应填关系副词where。故填where。 20．Craftsmen can make and process the components in advance and quickly put them together on site, is simple and efficient. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：工匠可以提前制作和加工部件，并在现场快速组装，这简单高效。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是空前主句内容讲的事情，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 21．Many of the chemicals in fireworks are also persistent in the environment, means they stubbornly sit there instead of breaking down. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：烟花中的许多化学物质也会在环境中持续存在，这意味着它们顽固地停留在那里，而不是分解。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词指代整个主句的内容，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，用关系代词which。故填which。 22．Sitting in Quanzhou City, the ancient Maritime Silk Road started, it has sold like hotcakes at home and abroad since the Song Dynasty. 【答案】where 【详解】考查定语从句。句意: 它位于古代海上丝绸之路的起源地泉州，自宋代以来就在国内外畅销。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，引导词指代先行词Quanzhou City并在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。 23．So I was shocked when, not long after the email, Professor Mary Devon, was running the programme, invited me to observe the work being done in her lab. 【答案】who 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：因此，在收到邮件后不久，当负责该项目的Mary Devon教授邀请我到她的实验室观察正在进行的工作时，我感到震惊。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词 Professor Mary Devon，指人，使用关系代词who，故填who。 24．Some of these are famous, but Singapore has one special way, you may not know about. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：其中一些是著名的，但新加坡有一种特殊的方式，你可能不知道。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词way在从句中作about的宾语，故填关系代词which。故填which。 25． David Myers points out, “Actual income doesn’t much influence happiness; how satisfied we are with our income does. If we’re content with our income, regardless of how much it is, we’re likely to say we’re happy. To put it another way, satisfaction isn’t so much getting what you want as wanting what you have.” 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：正如大卫·迈尔斯所指出的那样，“实际收入对幸福感没有多大影响；我们对收入的满意度会影响幸福感。如果我们对收入感到满意，无论收入多少，我们都可能会说我们很幸福。换句话说，满足感与其说是得到你想要的东西，不如说是想要你所拥有的东西。”设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是主句内容指代的事情，从句中缺少points out的宾语，意为“正如”，用关系代词 as。首字母大写。故填As。 26．Jim Johnson, a mail (carry), was an institution in the leafy Westmoreland, Westhaven, he delivered much more than the mail. 【答案】 carrier where 【详解】考查名词和定语从句。句意：吉姆·约翰逊是一名邮递员，他住在树木繁茂的威斯特摩兰县的韦斯特海文，在那里，他的工作远不止送信。第一空作Jim Johnson的同位语，应用carry的名词形式carrier，意为“运送员”，mail carrier表示“邮递员”，且空前有a，carrier应用单数形式；第二空引导非限制性定语从句，对先行词Westhaven作补充说明，先行词在从句中表示行为发生的地点，作地点状语，应用关系副词where作引导词。故填①carrier；②where。 27．An earthquake struck Japan, causing a disaster, shadows many Japanese are still living in. 【答案】whose 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：一场地震袭击了日本，造成了一场灾难，许多日本人仍然生活在这场灾难的阴影中。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为disaster，从句缺少定语，应用关系代词whose。故填whose。 28．Tom passed the driving test, made his parents very happy. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：汤姆通过了驾驶考试，这使他的父母非常高兴。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是前句提到的事，在从句中作主语，用which引导。故填which。 29． we all know, global warming has caused a lot of natural disasters. 【答案】As 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：众所周知，全球变暖已经造成了许多自然灾害。设空处引导非限制性定语从句，表示“正如”，应用关系代词as，指代后文的事实，同时该空置于开头，首字母大写。故填As。 30．I liked to go and watch the sunset at my local park, was a seaside area in Karachi. 【答案】which 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢去当地的公园看日落，那是卡拉奇的一个海滨地区。非限制性定语从句修饰先行词 local park，在从句作主语，指物，故填which。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．My hotel is near downtown, in the Mission District, one of the oldest parts of the city. 【答案】which is 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我的酒店靠近市中心，在教会区，这是城市最古老的地区之一。分析句子结构，空后的内容“one of the oldest parts of the city”是对the Mission District的解释说明，可以使用关系词引导的非限制性定语从句来解释“the Mission District”，在从句中作主语，所以此处使用which引导的非限制性定语从句，谓语动词应为be动词，one of the oldest parts of the city作表语，结合主句的谓语动词is可知，此处使用一般现在时，主语which指代的先行词the Mission District为单数形式，be动词用is。故填①which②is。 2．The spirit of the Aswan Dam project is still alive today. Perhaps the best example is shown by UNESCO, that prevents world cultural heritage sites around the world from disappearing. 【答案】which runs a programme 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：阿斯旺大坝工程的精神今天仍然存在。也许最好的例子是联合国教科文组织，该组织开展了一项防止世界各地的世界文化遗产消失的计划。空格处应该用一个非限制性定语从句，对先行词UNESCO进行限定说明，关系词替代先行词在从句中作主语，应该用关系代词which引导该从句；“开展一个项目”用run a programme表示；从句描述的是客观情况，用一般现在时，谓语动词与先行词UNESCO保持一致，用第三人称单数形式。故填which runs a programme。 3．We visited a local farm, (在那里我们对……印象深刻) by the sustainable farming practices used to grow organic food. (impress) 【答案】where we were impressed 【详解】考查短语和定语从句。句意：我们参观了当地的一个农场，那里种植有机食品的可持续农业实践给我们留下了深刻的印象。句中先行词为 local farm，在非限定性定语从句中作地点状语，所以用关系副词where引导。“对……印象深刻”用短语be impressed by。“我们”为we，在从句中作主语。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。故填where we were impressed。 4．John returned with two workers, (在他们的帮助下) we finally got the car out of the mud. (help n.) 【答案】with whose help 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：约翰带着两个工人回来了，在他们的帮助下，我们终于把汽车从泥里弄了出来。根据汉语意思提示可知，“在他们的帮助下”可以用“with one’s help”结构来表示，这里先行词是“two workers”，将one’s 改为whose，引导定语从句修饰先行词。故填with whose help。 5．There are several fitness apps designed specifically for runners, (值得推荐) for tracking progress. (worth, recommend) 【答案】which are worth recommending 【详解】考查定语从句和固定短语。句意：有几个专门为跑步者设计的健身应用程序，值得推荐用于跟踪进度。分析句子结构可知，这里需要一个非限定性定语从句修饰“fitness apps”，先行词“fitness apps”是物，在从句中作主语，关系代词用which；“be worth doing”是固定短语，意为“值得做某事”，主动形式表示被动含义。故填which are worth recommending。 6．The house, , has got a lovely garden. 我去年买了这栋房子，它有一个漂亮的花园。 【答案】which I bought last year 【详解】考查定语从句。根据句意，此处表示“我去年买了这栋房子”，结合给出的英文句子可知，此处应为关系词引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词the house在从句中作宾语，所以使用关系代词which引导定语从句，表示“去年”为last year作状语，所以定语从句应使用一般过去时，表示“买”为buy，作谓语，所以使用其过去式bought，主语为I。故填which I bought last year。 7．通常情况下，对于那些坚持希望的人来说，一切皆有可能。 , anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. 【答案】As is often the case 【详解】考查定语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“通常情况下”，可用意为“正如”的关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句as is often the case，表示“情况常常如此”，as指代整个主句，在从句中作主语，且句首单词首字母应大写。故填As is often the case。 8．这部短片由两部分组成，介绍了我校的现状。 The short film, , introduces the present situation of our school. 【答案】which consists of/is made up of/is composed of two parts 【详解】考查定语从句。根据英汉意思对比可知，空处应填“由两部分组成”，可用关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句，指代先行词The short film，先行词指物，关系词which在从句中作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，be动词使用is，表示“由……组成”可用动词短语consists of/ is made up of/ is composed of，表示“两部分”应用短语two parts。故填which consists of/is made up of/is composed of two parts。 9．众所周知，月球每月绕地球转一次。(非限制性定语从句) , the moon travels around the earth once every month. 【答案】As is known to everybody 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句和固定句型。根据所给汉语意思“众所周知”可知，此处考查固定搭配as is known to everybody，该句型中关系代词as引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，代替的是逗号后面的整个句子，本句话位于句首，所以as要大写，故填As is known to everybody。 10．众所周知，爱因斯坦是位著名的科学家。（一句多译） Einstein, , is a famous scientist. ＝ Einstein is a famous scientist. ＝ is that Einstein is a famous scientist. 【答案】 as is well known It is well known that What is well known 【详解】考查定语从句和主语从句。根据句中is可知，句子时态使用一般现在时，表客观情况，表示“众所周知”可用as is well known，为as引导的非限制性定语从句；也可以翻译为It is well known that，其中it为形式主语，that后引导从句作真正的主语；也可以翻译为what is well known，为主语从句，连接词what表“什么”，作从句中主语，置于句首，首字母大写。故填①as is well known；②It is well known that；③What is well known。 Ⅲ 句型转换 1．The Mountain Resort is a large complex of palaces and gardens. Qing emperors often spent their summers, handling affairs of state and being engaged in important political activities. (用定语从句合并句子) 【答案】The Mountain Resort is a large complex of palaces and gardens, where Qing emperors often spent their summers, handling affairs of state and being engaged in important political activities. 【详解】考查定语从句。第一句为主句，第二句可用非限制性定语从句改写，先行词是The Mountain Resort，关系词替代先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导，故改写为：The Mountain Resort is a large complex of palaces and gardens, where Qing emperors often spent their summers, handling affairs of state and being engaged in important political activities. 2．用定语从句升级下面句子。 I gave some of our paper cuts to our neighbors. They were very happy to receive them. 【答案】I gave some of our paper cuts to our neighbors, who were very happy to receive them. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我给了我们的邻居一些剪纸，他们很高兴收到这些剪纸。原句由两个独立的句子组成，可以使用定语从句将其合并。第二句中的“they”指代的是“our neighbors”，指人，因此可以将该词作为先行词，第二个句子转换为定语从句，用关系代词who引导。故答案是I gave some of our paper cuts to our neighbors, who were very happy to receive them。 3．I like doing sports with my parents on weekend. It brings great pleasure to me. (用关系代词改写句子) I like doing sports with my parents on weekend, great pleasure to me. 【答案】 which brings 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：我喜欢在周末和父母一起做运动，它给我带来了很大的快乐。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是doing sports with my parents on weekend，关系词在从句中作主语，使用关系代词which，which指代这件事，句子是一般现在时，谓语动词使用三单形式，故填①which②brings。 4．用非限制性定语从句升级句子 The Great Wall is located in the northern part of China, and is about 6, 700 kilometers long. 【答案】The Great Wall is located in the northern part of China, the length of which is about 6,700 kilometers. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：长城位于中国的北部，并且长度约为 6700 公里。原句“The Great Wall is located in the northern part of China, and is about 6, 700 kilometers long.”是一个简单的并列句，表达了长城所处位置和长度两方面信息。在改写时，把后一句中表示长度的“and is about 6, 700 kilometers long”转化为非限制性定语从句来修饰先行词“The Great Wall”。删掉“and”，增加 “the length of which”作定语从句的主语，“which” 指代先行词 “The Great Wall”，“the length of which”表示 “长城的长度”，从而将得到非限制性定语从句“, the length of which is about 6,700 kilometers”。故将原句升级为：The Great Wall is located in the northern part of China, the length of which is about 6,700 kilometers. 5．用定语从句升级句子 Such is my best friend. In my view, she deserves to win the title of “The Most Qualified Student”. 【答案】Such is my best friend, who, in my view, deserves to win the title of “The Most Qualified Student”. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这就是我最好的朋友，在我看来，他应该赢得“最合格学生”的称号。第一句中的“my best friend”和第二句中的she所指的是一个人，用定语从句升级句子时用who引导定语从句，先行词是my best friend，时态不变，因此升级为Such is my best friend, who, in my view, deserves to win the title of “The Most Qualified Student”。故答案为Such is my best friend, who, in my view, deserves to win the title of “The Most Qualified Student”. 6．The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, and it plays an important role in protecting our environment. (用which引导的定语从句升级句子) 【答案】The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, which plays an important role in protecting our environment. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：湿地被称为“地球之肾”，在保护我们的环境中起着重要的作用。分析句子可知，升级为非限制性定语从句，对先行词wetland进行补充说明，关系词在从句作主语，指物，应用which引导。故改为The wetland is famous as “the kidney of the earth”, which plays an important role in protecting our environment. 7．One of his greatest masterpieces is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn. The novel tells Huckleberry Finn running away from home and wandering down the Mississippi River with a slave named Jim.(用定语从句升级) 【答案】One of his greatest masterpieces is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which tells Huckleberry Finn running away from home and wandering down the Mississippi River with a slave named Jim. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：他最伟大的杰作之一是《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》，讲述了哈克贝利·费恩逃离家园，和一个名叫吉姆的奴隶沿着密西西比河漂流的故事。分析可知，可将第二个句子处理为非限制性定语，先行词为The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn，在从句作主语，指物，应用which作引导词。故改为One of his greatest masterpieces is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which tells Huckleberry Finn running away from home and wandering down the Mississippi River with a slave named Jim. 8．This weekend, I read the book Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire. This book is definitely one to remember.(用非限制性定语从句升级) 【答案】This weekend, I read the book Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, which was definitely one to remember. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：这个周末，我读了《哈利波特与火焰杯》这本书，这绝对是一本值得记住的书。此处用非限制性定语从句修饰先行词the book Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire，在从句作主语，指物，故用which。故改为This weekend, I read the book Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire, which was definitely one to remember. 9．Kathy is my roommate. Her mother is a doctor. (用定语从句合并句子) 【答案】Kathy, whose mother is a doctor, is my roommate. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：凯西是我的室友。她的母亲是一名医生。将句子合并为定语从句，将Kathy看作先行词，与从句中mother构成所属关系，用whose引导非限制性定语从句，主句为Kathy is my roommate，句子可以改为Kathy, whose mother is a doctor, is my roommate. 故填Kathy, whose mother is a doctor, is my roommate. 10．Harry’s parents are dead. He is badly treated at his aunt’s home.(用 whose引导的非限制性定语从句合并) 【答案】Harry, whose parents are dead, is badly treated at his aunt’s home. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：哈利的父母都死了。他在姨妈家受到虐待。句子改为whose引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词为Harry，从句部分表示“他的父母死了”，先行词作从句中parents的定语，用关系词whose引导从句，为whose parents are dead；主句为Harry is badly treated at his aunt’s home. 故填Harry, whose parents are dead, is badly treated at his aunt’s home. 11．Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone is a fantasy film. The film is based on the novel of the English writer J. K. Rowling.(用 which 引导的非限制性定语从句合并) 【答案】Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone is a fantasy film, which is based on the novel of the English writer J. K. Rowling. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：《哈利·波特与魔法石》是一部奇幻电影。这部电影是根据英国作家J. K.罗琳的小说改编的。改为which引导的非限制性定语从句，以film作为先行词，作从句中的主语，用which指代film引导定语从句。故填Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone is a fantasy film, which is based on the novel of the English writer J. K. Rowling. 12．There are many places of interest in Heyuan. Wanlv Lake is one of the outstanding examples.(用one example of which引导定语从句) 【答案】There are many places of interest in Heyuan, one example of which is Wanlv Lake. 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：河源有许多名胜古迹，其中之一就是万绿湖。题目要求使用one example of which来改造定语从句，which所指代的先行词应该是places of interest，因为万绿湖就是名胜之一。可以将There are many places of interest in Heyuan当作主句，后面跟上关系代词one example of which，从句中还缺少系表成分，应翻译成one example of which is Wanlv Lake。故答案是There are many places of interest in Heyuan, one example of which is Wanlv Lake. 13．The cultural relic can attract more visitors to our city. This will promote the tourism of our city.（用非限制性定语从句升级） 【答案】The cultural relic can attract more visitors to our city, which will promote our tourism. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：这些文物可以吸引更多的游客来我们的城市，这将促进我们的旅游业。原题中第二个句子中的this指的是第一个句子的内容，所以，可以将第二个句子改为非限制性定语从句，对第一个句子进行限定说明，用关系代词which代替原句中的this在从句中作主语。故填The cultural relic can attract more visitors to our city, which will promote our tourism. 14．The cultural relic is worth exploring. Exploring will make people learn more about the great history of our country.（用非限制性定语从句升级） 【答案】The cultural relic is worth exploring, which will make people learn more about the great history of our country. 【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：文物是值得探索的，它将使人们更多地了解我们国家的伟大历史。原题中的第二个句子是解释的exploring的意义，所以，可以将原题中的第二个句子改为非限制性定语从句，说明第一个句子中exploring的意义，即将第一个句子中的exploring视为先行词，用关系代词which代替exploring在从句中作主语。故填The cultural relic is worth exploring, which will make people learn more about the great history of our country. 15．用定语从句合并句子 I first became interested in basketball at the age of nine. Then my father taught me how to play it. 【答案】I first became interested in basketball at the age of nine, when my father taught me how to play it. 【详解】考查定语从句。原句句意：我第一次对篮球产生兴趣是在九岁的时候。那时候我父亲教我怎么玩它。第二句中的Then意为“那时候，当时”，指的是第一句中的at the age of nine，因此可将the age of nine作为先行词，将第二句转化为非限制性定语从句，对该先行词作补充说明，关系词在定语从句中作时间状语，所以用关系副词when作引导词。故改为：I first became interested in basketball at the age of nine, when my father taught me how to play it. Ⅳ.翻译 1．一些国家已经建立了自然保护区，在那里野生大象能平静地生活。(where) 【答案】Some countries have established natural/ nature reserves/ preserves, where wild elephants can live peacefully/ in peace. 【详解】考查定语从句和时态。“一些国家”翻译为some countries；“已建立”可知句子时态为现在完成时，翻译为have established；“自然保护区”翻译为natural/ nature reserves/ preserves；“在那里野生大象能平静地生活”可以用非限制性定语从句表示，对先行词natural/ nature reserves/ preserves进行限定说明，先行词在从句中作地点状语，用关系副词where引导从句；从句陈述事实，用一般现在时，“野生大象”翻译为wild elephants；“能”用can表示；“平静地生活”翻译为live peacefully/ in peace。故整句翻译为Some countries have established natural/ nature reserves/ preserves, where wild elephants can live peacefully/ in peace. 2．学生更喜欢在图书馆学习，在那里他们能保持专注。（prefer，定语从句） 【答案】Students prefer to study/ prefer studying in a/ the library, where they can stay/ keep focused/ concentrated （can maintain focus/ concentration）. 【详解】考查动词、固定搭配和定语从句。此句陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；“学生更喜欢在图书馆学习”为主句，“学生”作主语，译为students，“更喜欢”根据题干要求，可用固定搭配：prefer to或者prefer doing，“学习”为study，“在图书馆”作地点状语，译为in a library或者in the library，此处泛指或者特指皆可；“在那里他们能保持专注”可表达为where引导的非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词library，where指代先行词在从句中作地点状语，“他们”作主语，译为they，“能”用情态动词can，“保持专注”表达为系表结构stay focused或者stay concentrated或者keep focused或者keep concentrated，也可译为动宾短语，maintain focus或者maintain concentration。故此句翻译为：Students prefer to study/ prefer studying in a/ the library, where they can stay/ keep focused/ concentrated （can maintain focus/ concentration）. 3．本次展览的独特之处在于它涵盖了古埃及文明的各个方面，参观者们徜徉在历史的长河中，为古人的智慧所折服。(where) 【答案】The uniqueness of this exhibition lies in the fact that it covers all aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization, where visitors wander through the river of history and are awed by the wisdom of the ancients. 【详解】考查同位语从句和定语从句以及时态。根据句意可知，本句在陈述事实，为一般现在时。“本次展览的独特之处”为The uniqueness of this exhibition，作主语；“在于”为lie in，作谓语。“事实”为the fact。后接that引导的同位语从句。“它涵盖了古埃及文明的各个方面”为 it covers all aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization；ancient Egyptian civilization同时为先行词，在定语从句中做地点状语，关系副词为where。“参观者们徜徉在历史的长河中，为古人的智慧所折服”为visitors wander through the river of history and are awed by the wisdom of the ancients。故翻译为：The uniqueness of this exhibition lies in the fact that it covers all aspects of ancient Egyptian civilization, where visitors wander through the river of history and are awed by the wisdom of the ancients. 4．如调查所反映的，疏于监管是网络暴力的罪魁祸首。(blame) 【答案】As the survey shows, the lack of supervision is to blame for cyberbullying. 【详解】考查动词和固定句型。句子描述客观情况，用一般现在时。“如调查所反映的”可以用as引导的非限制性定语从句表示，翻译为as the survey shows，关系代词as代指下文主句的内容；“疏于监管”翻译为the lack of supervision，作主句的主语；“是……的罪魁祸首”用固定句型be to blame for表示，主语是the lack of supervision，be动词用is；“网络暴力”翻译为cyberbullying。故整句翻译为As the survey shows, the lack of supervision is to blame for cyberbullying. 5．An increasing number of tourists flood into the old town, which makes a difference to advancing the local economy. 【答案】越来越多的游客涌进古镇，这对推动当地经济起到了作用。 【详解】考查名词（短语）、动词（短语）、形容词和定语从句。主句中名词短语An increasing number of tourists可译为“越来越多的游客”，动词短语flood into可译为“涌进”，名词短语the old town可译为“古镇”；which引导的是非限制性定语从句，对前面的主句作补充说明，关系代词which在从句中作主语，可理解为“这”，动词短语makes a difference to可译为“对……起到了作用”，动词advancing可译为“推动”，名词短语the local economy可译为“当地经济”。故可译为：越来越多的游客涌进古镇，这对推动当地经济起到了作用。 6．出国时，我们有机会与当地人交流，这可以帮助我们练习英语口语。(have access to) 【答案】When going abroad, we have access to communicate with local people, which can help us practice our spoken English. 【详解】考查状语从句的省略和时态，定语从句。主语是“我们”，用we，“有机会做某事”用固定短语have access to，描述一般事实，用一般现在时，“与当地人交流”译为communicate with local people，“出国时”可以用时间状语从句，也可以用状语从句的省略形式，“出国”译为go abroad，和主语之间是主动关系，所以“出国时”译为when going abroad，“这可以帮助我们练习英语口语”处理为which引导的非限制性定语从句，“帮助我们练习英语口语”译为help us practice our spoken English。故翻译为When going abroad,we have access to communicate with local people, which can help us practice our spoken English. 7．他戴着小圆眼镜，留着短发，看起来很聪明。 【答案】He wears small, round glasses with his short hair, which makes him look smart. 【详解】考查动词时态和定语从句。陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时；表示“他”应用he；表示“戴着”应用wear；表示“小圆眼镜”应用small, round glasses；表示“留着短发”应用with his short hair；表示“看起来很聪明”应用which makes him look smart，此处使用which引导非限制性定语从句，which指代前面的主句，在定语从句中作主语。故翻译成：He wears small, round glasses with his short hair, which makes him look smart.。 8．老太太被女孩的仁慈深深打动了，这种仁慈体现在她每一个帮助他人的举动中。 【答案】The old lady was deeply touched by the girl’s benevolence, which was shown in her every act of helping. 【详解】考查时态、语态以及非限制性定语从句。句子描述过去发生的事，应用一般过去时；“老太太”为the old lady作主语，“被……深深打动”为be deeply touched by，“仁慈”为名词benevolence，所以“老太太被女孩的仁慈深深打动了”翻译为The old lady was deeply touched by the girl’s benevolence，作主句；“这种仁慈体现在她每一个帮助他人的举动中”是用来补充说明名词benevolence，应用非限制性定语从句，先行词为the girl’s benevolence，指物，在从句中作主语，应用which引导定语从句，“体现”为动词show，和主语是被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，“在她每一个帮助他人的举动中”翻译为in her every act of helping，故整句翻译为The old lady was deeply touched by the girl’s benevolence, which was shown in her every act of helping.。 9．梦想就像星星，可以照亮我们的生活。 【答案】Dreams are like stars, which could light our life. 【详解】考查名词、动词和定语从句。“梦想”翻译为dreams；“像星星”翻译为like stars；“梦想就像星星”翻译为Dreams are like stars。“照亮我们的生活”翻译为light our life；“可以照亮我们的生活”可以用定语从句表示，对上文的先行词stars进行限定说明，翻译为which could light our life。故整句翻译为Dreams are like stars, which could light our life. 10．直到那时我才明白，我们永远不该把爱视为理所当然，这催促我去感恩。 【答案】Only then did it dawn on me that we should never take love for granted, which urged me to be grateful. 【详解】考查倒装句、主语从句、固定短语、定语从句。表示“只有那时”应用only then，句首单词，首字母大写；表示“某人突然意识到”应用it dawns on sb. that...，其中it作形式主语，that引导主语从句，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式dawned，“only+状语”位于句首，句子使用部分倒装，将助动词did放在主语it前。主语从句中：表示“我们”应用we，作主语；表示“应该”应用情态动词should；表示“把某事视为理所当然”应用take sth. for granted，位于情态动词should后，take用原形；表示“爱”用love，作take的宾语；表示“从不”用never。表示“这催促我去感恩”应用定语从句，定语从句中：定语从句修饰主句，关系词在从句中作主语，应用关系代词which引导；表示“催促某人做某事”用urge sb. to do sth.，本句描述过去的动作和状态，故时态用一般过去时，谓语用过去式urged；表示“我”用me，作宾语；表示“感恩”用be grateful，位于不定式符号to后，be用原形。故翻译成：Only then did it dawn on me that we should never take love for granted, which urged me to be grateful. 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