内容正文:
Unit 2 Morals and virtues
现在分词做宾补和状语
现在分词作宾语补足语
在一些感官动词(如 see、hear、watch、notice、find 等)和使役动词(如 have、get、keep 等)后,常用现在分词作宾语补足语,用来补充说明宾语的动作或状态正在进行。例如:
I saw him running on the playground.(see 是感官动词,him 是宾语,running 是现在分词作宾语补足语,说明看到他的时候他正在操场上跑步。)
She heard someone singing in the next room.(hear 后接 someone 作宾语,singing 这个现在分词补充说明听到有人正在隔壁房间唱歌。)
The boss kept the workers working for 10 hours.(keep 是使役动词,the workers 是宾语,working 作宾语补足语,表明老板让工人们持续工作10个小时,强调工作这个动作一直在进行。)
在“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构中,也可以用现在分词作宾补,常表示伴随状况等。例如:With the boy leading the way, we found the house easily.(with 结构中,the boy 是宾语,leading the way 这个现在分词短语作宾补,说明在男孩带路的伴随情况下,我们轻松找到了房子。)
现在分词作状语
时间状语
现在分词短语作时间状语时,相当于一个时间状语从句,常常放在句首,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致。例如:
Hearing the news, she burst into tears.(= When she heard the news, she burst into tears. 这里 Hearing the news 这个现在分词短语作时间状语,说明听到消息这个动作一发生,她就大哭起来,听到消息的逻辑主语就是句子的主语 she。)
Walking in the park, I met an old friend.(= While I was walking in the park, I met an old friend. 表明在公园里散步的时候,我遇见了一位老朋友,散步的主语和句子主语 I 一致。)
原因状语
同样可放在句首或句中,用来解释原因,逻辑主语与句子主语一致。例如:
Being ill, he didn't go to school.(= Because he was ill, he didn't go to school. 用 Being ill 这个现在分词短语表示原因,因为生病,所以没去上学,生病的主体就是句子主语 he。)
Having failed many times, he didn't lose heart.(= Because he had failed many times, he didn't lose heart. 由于多次失败了,他却没有灰心,having failed 的逻辑主语是 he。)
条件状语
常用在句首,相当于一个条件状语从句,逻辑主语与句子主语相符。例如:
Working hard, you will succeed.(= If you work hard, you will succeed. 表示如果努力工作,你就会成功,努力工作的主体就是句子主语 you。)
Turning left at the corner, you'll find the cinema.(= If you turn left at the corner, you'll find the cinema. 意思是在拐角处向左转,你就能找到电影院,转弯的主体就是句子主语 you。)
伴随状语
常放在句中或句尾,用来对谓语动词所表示的动作进行伴随说明,与主语之间是主动关系,逻辑主语就是句子主语。例如:
He sat there, reading a newspaper.(read a newspaper 这个动作伴随 sat there 这个动作同时发生,都是句子主语 He 发出的,说明他坐在那儿的同时在读报纸。)
The children ran out of the classroom, laughing and shouting.(laughing and shouting 伴随 ran out of the classroom 这个动作,孩子们一边跑出教室,一边又笑又喊,动作发出者都是 The children。)
结果状语
一般放在句尾,往往表示一种自然而然的、意料之中的结果,其逻辑主语也是句子主语。例如:
The fire lasted a whole night, causing great damage.(火灾持续了一整晚,结果造成了巨大损失,造成损失这个结果是由火灾持续整晚导致的,逻辑主语就是 The fire。)
He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.(他把杯子掉地上了,结果杯子摔成了碎片,摔碎杯子这个结果是由他掉杯子这个动作引起的,动作发出者是 He。)
一、语法填空
1.Someone spotted him (leave) the building soon afterwards.
2.I can’t have you (speak) to your mother in a rude manner.
3.She heard the wind (whistle) through the trees and felt a little frightened.
4.As it was raining heavily, the farmers helplessly watched the crops (flood).
5.The 4-year-old boy was caught (surf) the Internet, with eyes glued to the little screen.
6.He was so humorous that he had us (laugh) all through the meal.
7.I felt an overwhelming sense of guilt (arise) from my actions.
8.After the party, most guests left, with only two of them (remain) in the host family.
9.I suddenly felt myself (hit) by a heavy fist.
10.I found a beggar (stand) at the door.
11.Tom was found (head) for the bank.
12.Hearing my words, David turned to me slowly with tears (pour) out of his eyes.
13.With the new year (approach), the-streets, filled with decorations, created a festive atmosphere.
14.When I got there, I found him (repair) farm tools.
15.With my palms (sweat), an inner voice told me that I had to calm down.
16.The father found his children (revise) for the English exam in the study.
17.He felt rather nervous with so many people (stare) at him.
18.Practice speaking English as often as possible, and gradually you will find your spoken English (improve).
19.With the College Entrance Examination (approach), I strongly recommend that we should value time and study hard to be admitted into key universities.
20.The moment he saw a little boy (struggle) in the river, he took off his shirt and jumped into the water.
21.You might even spot a polar bear (pay) a visit from Greenland.
22.We should not leave the tap water (run) or waste any materials in the laboratory class.
23.With the wind (howl), the poet sat by the window, lost in thought.
24.When Karina saw it, she hugged it tightly with tears (fill) her eyes.
25.One morning, Tracy found a lost dog (wander) around the local elementary school.
26. (judge) by their necklaces, they cared about their appearance indeed.
27. (abuse) his position as mayor to give jobs to his friends, he is now under investigation.
28. (go) there by plane, you’ll arrive tomorrow morning.
29. (spend) nearly all our money, we couldn’t afford to stay at a hotel.
30. (observe) the monkeys’ playful movements, the tourists couldn’t help but smile and took photos.
31. (read) Hamlet several times, James thought The Revenge of Prince Zidan would be easy to understand for him.
32. (devote) herself to her work, Tu Youyou made a lot of achievements.
33.Susan repeated three important points in her speech, (stress) what makes a good speaker.
34. (bury) herself in painting, the little girl was fully immersed in the wonderful world of colors.
35.He is an excellent student, actively (participate) in all kinds of social activities.
36.A garbage power plant has been set up in the town, (process) waste from areas nearby.
37. (remove) our f ingers from smartphones, we went outdoors and smelt the earthy soil after the rain.
38. (believe) that computers would be valuable tools on every off ice desktop and in every home, he began developing software for personal computers.
39.She has had a number of different jobs, (range) from editor to calligrapher.
40. (hear) the good news, they all jumped with joy.
41. (receive) no reply, he decided to write another letter to the personnel manager about his job application.
42.She was found several hours later, (wander) the streets, lost.
43.In some Asian countries, it is polite to bow when (greet) others.
44.She was found several hours later, (wander) the streets, lost.
45.The team were discussing heatedly the problem that they came across in the work, (attempt) to find a solution to it.
46.They flew in over the beach, (cast) a huge shadow.
47.Listening to music has some positive effects, (enable) us to forget about our troubles and relieve our stress.
48.When standing on stage, she felt nervous, (lack) the confidence to perform well.
49.He came up to the teacher, (apology) for his not handing in the homework.
50.It has rained for two weeks, completely (ruin) our holiday.
二、完成句子
51.What surprised her was that she found herself (大胆讲话) in class after just a few weeks.
52.Here, hundreds of people from all walks of life, including butchers, hairdressers and government officials can be seen (忙于) their daily business.
53.I saw Tom (正朝……走来) me, but I avoided meeting him.
54.Whenever a festival is coming, you will see various businesses (利用) the social media to sell their goods.
55.I saw him (正在玩游戏) when I passed.
56. her studies (埋头学习), she lost track of time and forgot about the party. (bury)
57.Her anxiety was gone, (让步) a sense of confidence that she had never felt before after she heard the encouraging words of her best friend.
58.The bear refused to leave and sat silently, (盯着) me furiously.
59. 2000 years ago, the building is of great importance to the locals. (追溯)
60.Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere, such as methane and carbon dioxide, trap some of the heat, (保持地球气候温暖并且适宜居住). (现在分词短语作状语)
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《现在分词作宾语补足语和状语1》参考答案
1.leaving
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:不久之后,有人看到他离开了那栋楼。此处为“spot +宾语+宾补”结构,所以此空为非谓语动词作宾补,leave与宾语之间为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填leaving。
2.speaking
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:我不能容许你用粗鲁的态度和你母亲说话。设空处作宾语补足语,和宾语you之间是主动关系,应用现在分词形式作宾语补足语,have sb doing,与否定的情态动词连用,意为“不允许/容忍某人一直做某事”,故填speaking。
3.whistling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她听到风呼啸着穿过树林,感到有点害怕。hear sb. doing sth.是固定短语,意为“听见某人正在做某事”,因此空格处用现在分词whistling,表主动和进行,故填whistling。
4.being flooded
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于雨下得很大,农民们眼睁睁地看着庄稼被淹。空处作宾语补足语,结合“As it was raining heavily”可知,此处指农民们无助地看着庄稼“正在被淹没”,应用watch sb./sth. doing sth.表示“看某人/某物正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行,crops与flood“淹没”逻辑上是被动关系,因此用flood的现在分词被动语态。故填being flooded。
5.surfing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个四岁的小男孩被发现正在上网,眼睛盯着小屏幕。分析句子结构,动词catch后跟非谓语动词,意为“被发现正在做某事”时,应用动词的现在分词形式作补足语,故填surfing。
6.laughing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他很幽默,使我们在吃饭时一直笑个不停。此处us与laugh为主动关系,故用现在分词作宾补。故填laughing。
7.arising
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于我的行为,我感到一种强烈的负罪感产生。动词arise意为“产生,出现”;sense of guilt与动词arise是逻辑上的主动关系,feel sb./sth. doing sth.是固定搭配,意为“感觉某人/某物正在……”,用现在分词arising作宾语补足语。故填arising。
8.remaining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:聚会之后,大多数的客人都离开了,只有他们中的两个人还留在主人家里。此处为with的复合结构“with+宾语+宾补”,only two of them作宾语,与remain之间为主动关系,故应用现在分词remaining作宾补,故填remaining。
9.being hit
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我突然感觉自己被重重的拳头打了一下。此处为“find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事”结构,故应用现在分词作补足语,且宾语myself与hit之间为被动关系,故此处应用being hit作宾补,意为“正在被打”,故填being hit。
10.standing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我发现一个乞丐站在门口。本句谓语为found,此处为非谓语动词,且beggar与stand“站立”为主动关系,且表示动作正在进行,应用现在分词作宾补。故填standing。
11.heading
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:人们发现Tom 朝着银行的方向走去。句中be found doing sth为固定短语,意为“被发现做某事”,find+宾语+doing的结构,此处Tom与head之间之主动关系,且表示其Tom正朝着银行方向走去,故使用现在分词作主语补足语。故填heading。
12.pouring
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:听到我的话,大卫慢慢地转向我,眼泪从他的眼中流出。“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定用法,tears和pour为逻辑上的主谓关系,需用现在分词形式pouring,作宾语补足语。故填pouring。
13.approaching
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:随着新年的到来,街道上装饰满满,营造了节日的气氛。本句用with的复合结构,即“with+宾语+宾补”,且the new year与approach“接近”为主动关系,用现在分词,作宾补。故填approaching。
14.repairing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:当我到那里的时候,我发现他正在修理农具。动词repair是被修饰的him主动发出的动作,和谓语动词found同时发生,用现在分词形式,表示主动和进行的动作,作补语。故填repairing。
15.sweating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我手心冒汗,内心有个声音告诉我,我必须冷静下来。这里为“with + 宾语 + 宾语补足语”结构,my palms和 sweat之间是主动关系,所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填sweating。
16.revising
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:父亲发现孩子们在书房里复习英语考试。find sb. doing sth.“发现某人正在做某事”,空处是宾补,revise和宾语children之间是主动关系,且强调动作正在进行,使用现在分词形式,故填revising。
17.staring
【详解】考查with复合结构。句意:这么多人盯着他看,他感到很紧张。分析句子结构可知,此处考查with复合结构,且so many people与stare之间为逻辑上的主谓关系,故用动词-ing形式。故填staring。
18.improving
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:尽可能多地练习说英语,渐渐地你会发现你的英语口语有所提高。固定结构:find+宾语+宾语补足语。此处improve是不及物动词,“提高,改善”,和句子宾语spoken English之间是一种主动关系,是现在分词作宾语补足语。故填improving。
19.approaching
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着高考的临近,我强烈建议我们应该珍惜时间,努力学习,考上重点大学。介词with后宾语the College Entrance Examination与approach之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填approaching。
20.struggling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他一看到一个小男孩在河里挣扎,就脱下衬衫跳进水里。空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语。该动词和宾语a little boy之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作宾补。故填struggling。
21.paying
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:你甚至可能会看到一只来自格林兰的北极熊来访。结合句意,分析句子结构可知,此处符合spot +宾语+doing的句型结构,pay a visit与宾语a polar bear之间为主动关系,所以,此处应填所给动词pay的现在分词形式。故填paying。
【点睛】
22.running
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:我们不应该让自来水一直流淌或在实验课上浪费任何材料。根据句意可知,句子表示“我们不应该让自来水一直流淌”,动作一直进行,句中“the tap water”与run是主谓关系,应用短语leave sb. doing意为“让某人一直做某事”,因此空格处应用running,作宾语补足语,故填running。
23.howling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:随着风的呼啸,诗人坐在窗边,陷入沉思。本题考查with的复合结构,即“with+宾语+宾补”的结构。空处需要非谓语动词作宾语补足语,该动词和宾语之间为主动关系,所以用现在分词作宾补。故填howling。
24.filling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“充满”应用fill,with+宾语+宾语补足语为固定用法,空处需填非谓语动词作宾语补足语,tears和fill为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填filling。
25.wandering
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:一天早上,特蕾西发现一只走失的狗在当地的小学附近徘徊。此处作宾语补足语,且a lost dog与wander存在逻辑上的主动关系,故用现在分词。故填wandering。
26.Judging
【详解】考查分词作状语。句意:从他们的项链来看,他们确实很在意自己的外表。此处使用现在分词短语作状语,judging by...是固定表达,意思为“从……判断”,且位于句首,首字母大写。故填Judging。
27.Having abused
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:他因滥用市长职权为朋友提供工作,目前正接受调查。此处为非谓语动词作状语,abuse与逻辑主语he之间为主动关系,且abuse发生在主句谓语动词之前,所以此处使用现在分词的完成式having abused,位于句首单词首字母需大写。故填Having abused。
28.Going
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:乘飞机去那里,你明天早上就到。设空处为非谓语,和句子和主语you之间是主动关系,应用现在分词,句首单词首字母大写,故填Going。
29.Having spent
【详解】考查现在分词的完成式。句意:我们几乎花光了所有的钱,住不起旅馆了。设空处为非谓语动词,和主语we之间是主动关系,且发生在谓语动词之前,应用现在分词的完成式,句首首字母大写,故填Having spent。
30.Observing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:观察到猴子们嬉戏的动作,游客们忍不住微笑并拍照。句中已有谓语动词couldn’t help but smile and took photos,空处为非谓语动词,作状语,动词observe与其逻辑主语the tourists之间是主动关系,故用现在分词作状语。故填Observing。
31.Having read
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:詹姆斯已经读过《哈姆雷特》好几遍了,他认为《王子复仇记》对他来说会很容易理解。空处需填非谓语动词作状语,read发生在谓语动词thought之前,需用现在分词的完成式,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Having read。
32.Devoting
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:屠呦呦专心致志地工作,取得了许多成绩。此处为非谓语动词作状语,devote与逻辑主语Tu Youyou之间为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词形式,且位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Devoting。
33.stressing
【详解】考查现在分词。句意:苏珊在她的演讲中重复了三个要点,强调怎样才能成为一个好的演讲者。此处为非谓语动词作状语,stress与逻辑主语Susan之间为主动关系,所以此处使用现在分词形式。故填stressing。
34.Burying
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:小女孩埋头画画,完全沉浸于五彩缤纷的美妙世界之中。空处作状语,bury与逻辑主语the little girl之间为主动关系,应用现在分词形式,句首单词首字母大写。故填Burying。
35.participating
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他是一名优秀的学生,积极参加各种社会活动。句子主干成分完整,空处为非谓语,participate in“参加,参与”和He逻辑上是主动关系,因此用participate的现在分词形式,作状语。故填participating。
36.processing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:镇上建立了一个垃圾发电厂,处理附近地区的垃圾。句子主干成分完整,空处为非谓语,空前有逗号,process“处理”和A garbage power plant逻辑上是主动关系,因此用process的现在分词形式,作状语。故填processing。
37.Having removed
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:把手指从智能手机上移开,我们走到户外,闻着雨后泥土的气息。此为非谓语动词作“(remove) our f ingers from smartphones状语,remove与其逻辑主语we之间是主动关系,且remove发生在谓语动作went之前,故用现在分词的完成式表动作已经完成;句首单词首字母要大写。故填Having removed。
38.Believing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:相信电脑会成为每个办公室桌面和每个家庭的重要工具,他开始为个人电脑开发软件。句子已有谓语动词began,空处需填非谓语动词作状语,逻辑主语he与believe之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,应用现在分词表主动,位于句首,首字母需大写。故填Believing。
39.ranging
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:她做过很多不同的工作,从编辑到书法家。此处range与jobs为主动关系,应用现在分词,表主动。故填ranging。
40.Hearing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:听到这个好消息,他们都高兴得跳了起来。句子谓语动词为jumped,此处为非谓语动词作状语,hear和逻辑主语they为主动关系,所以为现在分词形式,句首单词首字母大写。故填Hearing。
41.Having received
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:由于没有收到答复,他决定再给人事经理写一封信,说明他的工作申请。句中已有decided,空处作非谓语动词,receive与逻辑主语he之间是主动关系,且结合语境可知,此处表示receive这一动作发生在谓语动词的动作之前,应用having done形式作状语,句首单词首字母大写。故填Having received。
42.wandering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:几个小时后她被找到了,他正在街上徘徊,迷路了。句子主干成分完整,空处作非谓语,wander“徘徊”和逻辑主语She逻辑上是主动关系,描述当时的状态,因此用wander的现在分词形式,作状语。故填wandering。
43.greeting
【详解】考查状语从句中的省略。句意:在一些亚洲国家,当向别人打招呼时鞠躬是有礼貌的。此处是when引导的时间状语从句的省略形式,当从句主语与主句主语一致且从句含有be动词时,可省略从句的主语和be动词,完整形式为“when one is greeting others”,所以此处应用greeting。故填greeting。
44.wandering
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:几个小时后,她被发现在街上游荡,迷路了。此处wander与She为主动关系,用现在分词作状语。故填wandering。
45.attempting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这个团队正在热烈地讨论他们在工作中遇到的问题,试图找到解决它的办法。“ (attempt) to find a solution to it”作伴随状语,attempt(试图)是非谓语动词,与其逻辑主语The team之间为主动关系,用现在分词形式attempting表主动。故填attempting。
46.casting
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他们飞到海滩上空,投下一大片阴影。句子已有谓语动词flew,动词cast“投射”用作非谓语形式,描述伴随状况,与逻辑主语They是主动关系,因此用现在分词形式casting作状语。故填casting。
47.enabling
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:听音乐有一些积极的影响,使我们忘记我们的烦恼,缓解我们的压力。句子谓语动词是has,空格处需要非谓语动词,表示自然而然的结果,故用现在分词作结果状语。故填enabling。
48.lacking
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:站在台上时,她感到紧张,缺乏表现好的信心。空处需填非谓语动词作状语,she和lack为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填lacking。
49.apologizing
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:他走到老师面前,为没有交作业而道歉。空处需填非谓语动词作状语,apology的动词形式是apologize,he和apologize为逻辑主谓关系,需用现在分词形式。故填apologizing。
50.ruining
【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:雨已经下了两个星期了,把我们的假期完全毁了。句中谓语是has rained,空格处用非谓语动词,此处用现在分词表结果,故填ruining。
51. speaking up
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:令她吃惊的是,仅仅几个星期后,她就发现自己在课堂上敢于发言了。根据句意及汉语提示可知,此处使用动词短语speak up;此处构成find sb doing sth,herself与speak之间是主动关系,使用现在分词,作宾补。故填speaking up。
52.going about
【详解】考查非谓语。句意:考查短语。句意:在这里,我们可以看见数百个来自各行各业的人正在忙着自己的营生,有肉贩,有理发师,还有官差。“忙于”为go about,本句为be seen doing sth,现在分词作主语补足语。故填 going about。
53.heading for/heading towards
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:我看到汤姆正朝我走来,但我避免与他见面。根据汉语提示可知,空处需要动词短语“head for/towards”,意为“朝……走来”。该动词短语在句中作宾语补足语,和宾语之间为主动关系,且表示正在进行的动作,所以用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填heading for/towards。
54.taking advantage of
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:每当节日来临,你都会看到各种各样的企业利用社交媒体来销售他们的商品。根据汉语提示可知短语为take advantage of,与businesses构成主动关系,故用现在分词作宾补。故填taking advantage of。
55.playing games
【详解】考查非谓语动词和固定短语。句意:我经过的时候看见他在玩游戏。“玩游戏”是play games,“看见某人正在做某事”是see sb. doing,现在分词作宾补,因此空格处是playing games。故填playing games。
56.Buried in/Burying herself in
【详解】考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构,句子中已经有谓语动词lost和forgot,所以空白处应使用非谓语动词形式。根据汉语提示“埋头”可知,这里使用短语be buried in,此处省略be动词,因空白处与其逻辑主语she之间为逻辑上的动宾关系,用过去分词形式作状语,表示原因,也可使用bury oneself in:埋头于,bury与the scientist是主动关系,应用现在分词。故填Buried in/Burying herself in。
57.giving way to
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:她的焦虑消失了,在听到她最好的朋友鼓励的话后,她感到前所未有的自信。根据汉语提示可知短语为give way to,且与上文句子构成主动关系,故用现在分词形式作状语。故填giving way to。
58.staring at
【详解】考查动词短语。句意:熊不肯离开,静静地坐着,愤怒地盯着我。“盯着”为动词短语stare at,句中有谓语,前后无连词,此处应用非谓语动词作状语,主语the bear和动词stare是主动关系,应用现在分词作状语,故填staring at。
59. Dating back to
【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意:这座建筑可以追溯到2000年前,对当地人来说非常重要。“追溯”是固定短语date back to,句中谓语是is,空格处用非谓语动词作状语,无被动形式,因此空格处用现在分词形式,位于句首的单词首字母大写,故填Dating,back,to。
60.keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable
【详解】考查非谓语动词和形容词。句意:大气层中的温室气体(如甲烷和二氧化碳)吸收了部分热量,使地球的气候温暖宜居。根据中英文提示,“保持”使用动词keep,此处使用“keep+宾语+宾补”结构,作结果状语表示自然而然的结果,用现在分词形式,“地球气候”译为Earth’s climate,作宾语,“温暖并适宜居住”使用并列的形容词warm and habitable,作宾补。故填keeping Earth’s climate warm and habitable。
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