专题12. 名词性从句-2025年新高考英语语法知识通关必备及母题对点精练

2025年新高考英语语法知识通关必备母题对点精练 专题12. 名词性从句 核心考点思维导图 核心考点讲练 核心考点1. 名词性从句的概念及三要素 名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子，它的功能相当于名词词组，它在复合句中可作主语、宾语、表语和同位语，因此名词性从句又可分为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 名词性从句的三要素 1. 语序：必须是陈述句语序即主谓语序：He askedwhereIlived. 2. 时态：主现从便：主句是现在时，从句可根据实际情况用各种时态如 She says that she has already finished her homework. 主过从过：主句是过去时，从句通常用过去时（客观真理除 外) , 如She said that she had finished her homework. 3. 连词：①that只起连接作用，无实意，不作句子成分，引导宾语从句可省略；②whether/if表是否，不作句子成分，除宾语从句可用if, 其它从句只用whether；③because；as if/though引导表语从句分别表因为，好像，不作句子成分；④连接代词：who, whom, which, what, whose在句中可作主、宾、表、定语；连接副词：when，where, why, how后跟完整的句子，在句中作状语。 核心考点2. 四类名词性从句---主语从句 主语从句是指在句中作主语的一种名词性从句，其引导方式如下： 1. 由 that 引导：that 在从句中不充当任何句子成分，只起连接作用，本身没有词义，但一般不能省略：That he will come to the meeting is certain. 2. 由 whether 引导：whether 表示 “是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，但有实际意义，不能省略：Whether he can finish the work on time is still a question.他是否能按时完成工作还是个问题。 3. 由连接代词引和连接副词导：连接代词主要有 what, who, whom, whose, which 等，它们在主语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当一定的句子成分，如主语、宾语、定语等，不能省略：What you said is very important.你所说的非常重要。 Who will be our monitor hasn't been decided yet.谁将成为我们的班长还没有决定。 连接副词包括 when, where, why, how 等，它们在主语从句中起连接作用，同时在从句中作状语，不能省略：When the meeting will be held has not been announced.会议什么时候举行还没有宣布。 How he managed to solve the problem is a mystery. 他是如何设法解决这个问题的是个谜。 4. 由 it 作形式主语引导：当主语从句较长时，为了避免句子头重脚轻，通常用 it 作形式主语，而将真正的主语从句放在句末。常见的句型有：It + be + 形容词 + that 从句；It + be + 名词 + that 从句；It + be + 过去分词 + that 从句等：It is obvious that he is lying. 很明显他在说谎。It is a pity that you didn't come to the party.你没来参加聚会真遗憾。 对点精练 语法填空 1. (2021全国全国Ⅰ卷)__________ is so breathtaking about the experience is the out-of-this world scenes. 2. __________ remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create, and that’s the real spirit of invention. 3. __________matters most is not what you think but what you do to pave the way for your future. 4. It is often the case __________anything is possible for those who hang onto hopes. 5. __________we’re fascinated by the sky is evident in ancient tales from around the world, such as that of Chang’e. 答案速对 1. What 2. What 3. What 4. that 5. that 核心考点3. 四类名词性从句---宾语从句 宾语从句是指在句中作宾语的一种名词性从句，其引导方式主要有以下三种： 1. 由 that 引导：that 在从句中无实际意义，也不充当句子成分，可省略：I think (that) he is a good student. 我认为他是个好学生。 2. 由 if 或 whether 引导：表示 “是否”，在从句中不充当句子成分，但不可省略。一般情况下，二者可以互换，但在有些情况下只能用 whether：I don't know if/whether he will come tomorrow.我不知道他明天是否会来。 只能用 whether 的情况：与 or not 连用时：I don't know whether he will come or not.；作介词宾语时：It depends on whether it will rain tomorrow.；后接动词不定式时，只能用 whether：He doesn't know whether to go or stay. 3. 由连接代词或连接副词引导：连接代词（如 what, who, whom, whose, which 等）和连接副词（如 when, where, why, how 等）在宾语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当一定的句子成分，不可省略： Do you know what he is doing? 你知道他正在做什么吗？ I wonder who will come to the party.我想知道谁会来参加聚会。 Can you tell me where he lives?你能告诉我他住在哪里吗？ 对点精练 语法填空 1. (2024年全国甲卷)On a cool, starry night in mid-September 1870, four men relaxed before a campfire along the Firehole River in________is now northwestern Wyoming. 2. (2022年新高考II卷) Cobb, for her party, started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak ______ she could do so remotely; about three-quarters of the time, they agreed. 3. (2022年北京卷) It’s easy to explain how we determine ________ smells are dangerous or not: we learn. 4. (2021年北京) The poor woman wasn’t able to give him any information about ______ she lived. 5. (2020年全国Ⅰ卷·69) Data about the moon’s composition, such as how_______ice and other treasures it contains, could help China decide whether its plans for a future lunar (月球的) base are practical. 6. (2020年天津7月)The student completed this experiment to make come true ______ Professor Joseph had said. 7. (2020·浙江7月)Over thousands of years，they began to depend less on________ could be hunted or gathered from the wild，and more on animals they had raised and crops they had sown. 8. ( 2018年全国Ⅲ卷)I’m not sure ______ is more frightened, me or the female gorilla (大猩猩) ... I’m face-to-face with the gorilla, who begins screaming at the top of her lungs. 9. (2015年全国Ⅱ卷)…the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly ______ thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days. 10. (2012年广东卷) The new boy looked at the teacher for a few seconds and all the other students wondered _____ the boy would do. 答案速对 1. what 2. what 3. whether 4. where 5. much 6. what 7. what 8. which 9. how 10. what 核心考点4. 四类名词性从句---表语从句 1. 由 that 引导: that 在表语从句中无实际意义，也不充当句子成分，但一般不能省略，起到连接主句和从句的作用，使句子结构更加完整：The fact is that he has already left.事实是他已经离开了。 2. 由 whether 引导：表示 “是否”，在表语从句中不充当句子成分，但有实际意义，不能省略，用于表达一种不确定的情况：The question is whether he will accept our invitation.问题是他是否会接受我们的邀请。 3. 由连接代词和连结副词引导：连接代词如 what, who, whom, whose, which 等在表语从句中既起连接作用，又在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，具有一定的指代意义，不可省略: This is what I want to say. 这就是我想说的。 The problem is who can finish the work.问题是谁能完成这项工作。 连接副词 when, where, why, how 等在表语从句中起连接作用，同时在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式等状语，不可省略，用于说明主句中主语的相关情况：That’s when I got the news.那就是我得到消息的时候。 This is where we lived last year.这就是我们去年住的地方。 4. 由 as if/though 引导: as if 和 as though 都表示 “好像，似乎”，引导的表语从句常用来描述一种看起来像但不一定是真实的情况，从句中的谓语动词常用虚拟语气，但如果所描述的情况有可能是真实的，则用陈述语气：It looks as if/though it is going to rain.看起来好像要下雨了。此处下雨的情况有可能是真实的，所以用陈述语气。 He looks as if/though he were ten years younger. 他看起来好像年轻了十岁。实际上他不可能真的年轻十岁，所以用虚拟语气，be 动词用 were。 5. 由 because 引导：通常用于 “This/That/It is because...” 结构中，用来解释原因，强调因果关系：That's because he didn't understand me. 那是因为他不理解我。 对点精练 1. （2024年全国新高考II卷） If most of their customers are happy to buy larger quantities, that’s ________ they’ll promote. But that leaves the solo (单独) customers out of pocket and disappointed. 2. （2023年全国新高考II卷）This is ________ they need an English trainer. 3. So about the age of Western women, my advice is________if you don’t know it, don’t ask about it; if you really know it, don’t mention it. 4. The fact is________ bats play a significant role in keeping a balanced ecosystem. 5. Listening and speaking is________ my weakness lies when it comes to English. 答案速对 1. what 2. why 3. that 4. that 5. where 核心考点5. 四类名词性从句---同位语从句 1. 由 that 引导：that 在同位语从句中只起连接作用，无实际意义，也不充当句子成分，但一般不能省略，它引导的同位语从句用于具体说明先行词的内容：The news that our team won the game is true. 2. 由whether 引导：表示 “是否”，在同位语从句中不充当句子成分，但有实际意义，不可省略，用于表达一种不确定的情况或选择：The question whether he will come to the party is still unknown. 他是否会来参加聚会这个问题还不知道。 由连接副词和连结代词引导：由连接代词引导：连接代词 who, what, which 等在同位语从句中起连接作用，同时在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分，具有一定的指代意义，不可省略：The problem what we should do next has not been solved. 我们下一步该做什么这个问题还没有解决。I have no idea who will be sent to finish the task.我不知道谁会被派去完成任务。 连接副词 when, where, why, how 等在同位语从句中起连接作用，同时在从句中作时间、地点、原因、方式等状语，不可省略，用来进一步说明先行词的具体情况：I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他什么时候回来。The problem where we can find a new place to live is very important. 我们在哪里能找到一个新的住处这个问题很重要。 对点精练 1. (2019年全国Ⅰ卷·61) While they are rare north of 88°, there is evidence _______ they range all the way across the Arctic, and as far south as James Bay in Canada. 2. There is evidence________ urban racoons are more intelligent. 3. Catching sight of the sunrise and sunset, Kua Fu suddenly hit upon an idea________ he wanted to race against the sun to see who ran faster! 4. The order ________ all staff must wear masks was announced yesterday. 5. The question ________ humans can live on Mars remains unanswered. 答案速对 1. that 2. that 3. that 4. that 5. whether 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！ 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$