专题三 完形填空——5大失分点-【金版教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT（经典版）

WELCOME UNIT 第二篇　攻克填空——没有技巧的填空是失败的填空 专题三 完形填空 完形填空——5大失分点 完形填空注重在特定语境中考查词汇的灵活运用，要想做好完形填空，不仅要掌握语法、词汇知识，还要对语言交际、文化背景、社会风俗等有所了解。同时，还要具备把握上下文行文逻辑的能力，并能理清整个语篇中的线索。分析近年高考完形填空题目可以发现，完形填空主要有以下5大失分点。 失分点1 熟词生义不理解 [真题指路1] 　(2023·北京高考) But when mum got home from work, I was still 6(complaining),__“Five pages! That's impossible！” “Well, you'd better get back to work，” she said. “and I want to read it when you're through.” Soon after dinner, I handed the essay to mum. I half expected a __7__—at least an “I hope you've learned your lesson”. 8(Instead),__mum laughed and laughed as she read. 7．A.lecture B．reason C．reward D．solution 答案 解析：句意：我有点期待得到一种说教——至少一句“我希望你已经吸取了教训”。lecture说教；reason原因；reward奖励；solution解决办法。根据下文“at least an ‘I hope you've learned your lesson’”可知，“我希望你已经吸取了教训”这是一种说教。lecture作名词时常意为“讲座；演讲”，在此处意为“说教”。故选A。 解析 【对点突破】 平时在做完一篇完形填空之后，可以通过二次精读积累文章和选项中的熟词生义，构建属于自己的熟词生义表。 失分点2 一词多义不清楚 [真题指路1]　 (2024·浙江高考1月) It would have been easy to 51(rely__on) my assumptions about this highway builder who had never been more than a few hundred miles from home. But this highly informed, 52(self－educated),__and admirable person prevented me doing so. In the course of a couple of hours, he 53(showed) me just how much one can gain from 54(traveling) with an open mind, and a willingness to __55__ with locals from all walks of life. 55．A.cooperate B．side C．negotiate D．engage 答案 解析：句意：在几个小时的时间里，他向我展示了带着开放的心态旅行，并愿意与来自各行各业的当地人打交道，会有多么大的收获。cooperate合作；side支持；negotiate协商；engage参与。根据后文“with locals from all walks of life”可知，此处指和各行各业的当地人打交道。engage with意为“与……接触”。故选D。 解析 [真题指路2]　(2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) On Oct. 11, hundreds of runners competed in a cross－country race in Minnesota. ... Although the two young women were strangers before the __54__， they've since become friends. 54．A.ride B．test C．meet D．show 答案 解析：根据上文“hundreds of runners competed in a cross­country race”可知，此处指这两个年轻女子在那场体育比赛之前是陌生人。meet意为“体育比赛”。故选C。 解析 [真题指路3]　 (2021·浙江高考) My mother is 92. Unless I have to be out of town, each week I take my mother to do her36(shopping) and visit the doctor, providing __37__ and transportation. 37．A.reward B．medicine C．company D．shelter 答案 解析：句意：除非我必须出城，否则每周我都带我的妈妈去购物、看医生，提供陪伴和交通。由语境和常识可知，此处指陪伴。company的含义较多，可表示“公司；剧团；陪伴；来宾”，在遇到多义词时要结合具体语境进行分析和判断。故选C。 解析 【对点突破】 如果在平时记忆单词时仅关注单词的拼写与个别含义，那么在具体的语境中就可能分辨不出单词的具体含义。 所以，针对多义词时，要配以例句，在具体的语境中加以区分，反复识记，加强词汇复习的针对性。 　 　失分点3 生僻词不熟悉 [真题指路]　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) As a businesswoman, I care deeply about my customers. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, 41(customers) can also drive you mad. They'll come rushing in, 42(saying) their handbag's been stolen. They'll __43__ that they left it in the changing room, create havoc (混乱) and then 44(discover) it had been in their car all the time. 43．A.agree B．promise C．imagine D．swear 答案 解析：agree 同意；promise 承诺；imagine 想象；swear 肯定地说。顾客冲进作者的店里，肯定地说自己的包落在了更衣室里。故选D。 解析 【对点突破】 较为生僻的单词以及较生僻的短语也逐渐出现在选项中。所以，要多注意这方面的词汇积累。 　　失分点4 课标派生词不认识 [真题指路1]　 (2021·全国甲卷) It's the seaside birds that deserve at least part of the blame for getting Nick Burchill blacklisted at the Fairmont Empress Hotel in Victoria, Canada. ... “I come to you, 57(hat__in__hand),__to apologize for the damage I had 58(indirectly) caused and to ask you to __59__ my lifetime ban from the hotel.” 59．A.replace B．remember C．reconsider D．Renew 答案 解析：根据上文“for getting ... Victoria, Canada”可知，酒店将Nick (尼克)拉进了黑名单，根据下文“my lifetime ban”可知，Nick道歉，希望酒店重新考虑对他的禁令，re­(再；重新)＋ consider(考虑)＝reconsider(重新考虑)。故选C。 解析 [真题指路2]　(2020·全国卷Ⅰ) I wonder if 49(parents) should always tell the truth no matter the 50(consequences). I have a very strong 51(fear) that the lie we're telling is doing __52__ damage to our children. Windows and doors have 53(important) metaphorical (比喻) meanings. I'm telling them they can't open what they absolutely know is a door. 52．A.physical B．biological C．spiritual D．behavioral 答案 解析：句意：我非常担心我们正在说的谎言会对孩子们造成心灵上的伤害。physical身体的；biological生物的；spiritual心灵的；behavioral行为的。spirit(心灵，精神)＋ual(……的，形容词后缀)＝spiritual(心灵的)。故选C。 解析 【对点突破】 完形填空中的词汇不仅限于课标词汇，还包括由课标词汇派生、合成而来的词。大家在日常学习中要积累一些常见的前缀和后缀，并学会拆解单词，利用构词法判断单词的含义。 失分点5 语篇意识不到位 [真题指路1]　 (2023·全国甲卷) Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer. The first time we __41__ there, we heard the chug－chug－chug of a motorbike 42(making) its way down the hill toward us. It was a 43(neighbor) called Mario, coming to 44(bring) us a box containing some tomatoes and a bottle of wine. It was a very nice 45(gesture) for him to make. 41．A.waited B．met C．camped D．stayed 答案 解析：句意：我们第一次住在那里的时候，听到了一辆摩托车从山上向我们开过来发出的嘎吱嘎吱的声音。wait等待；meet遇见；camp露营；stay暂住。根据前文“Many years ago, I bought a house in the Garfagnana, where we still go every summer.”可知，作者在当地买了房子，所以是第一次住在那里。故选D。此处容易忽略上文“bought a house”的提示，而误选A。 解析 [真题指路2]　 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) My life as a tax­paying employed person began in middle school, when, for three whole days, I worked in a baking factory. My best friend Betsy's father was a manager at Hough Bakeries, which, at Easter time, __41__ little bunny (兔子) cakes for all its __42__ throughout Cleveland. 41．A.sold B．ordered C．made D．reserved 42．A.stores B．families C．schools D．citizens 答案 解析：根据上文“I worked in a baking factory”可知，Hough Bakeries是一家烘焙工厂，再根据常识可推知，此处表示烘焙工厂做小兔子蛋糕，向它的门店供货。故41题选C，42题选A。这两道题容易忽略上文的提示，误认为Hough Bakeries是一家烘焙店，从而认为烘焙店卖蛋糕给市民。 解析 【对点突破】 完形填空的考查点依附于语篇，而语篇具有连贯性。所以，在平时要多利用思维导图梳理文章结构，这样才能在考场上迅速理清文章脉络。再结合语境，利用前后照应、词汇复现和逻辑推理等方法解题，选出正确答案。 R $$