专题二 七选五——干扰项的7大设题套路-【金版教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT（经典版）

WELCOME UNIT 第一编　突破阅读——赢半壁江山 专题二　七选五 七选五——干扰项的7大设题套路 套路1　偷换概念 偷换概念是指将一些似乎一样的概念进行转换，如果不细心就容易出现错误。 [真题指路1]　(2024·浙江高考1月) __40__ A social connection is often a big part of learning. There are things you can do to ease this problem. Jessica Pink, an undergraduate student, suggests taking online courses with a friend, so you can motivate each other to stay on track. You can also find students on the class discussion board to organize a study group, or schedule in－person meetings with your professor to discuss course concepts. A．But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines. B．Your motivation should be your main concern. C．Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D．Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E．The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F．If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G．A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 答案：E 解析：干扰项：B.Your motivation should be your main concern.concern偷换概念为problem。根据下文“A social connection ... to discuss course concepts.”可知，设空处应提及与人们之间的互动有关的话题，E项(对在线课程的主要抱怨是它们缺乏人与人之间的互动。)符合题意。故选E。 答案 解析 [真题指路2]　(2024·浙江高考1月) In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. 36(A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.) But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? __37__ A．But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines. B．Your motivation should be your main concern. C．Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D．Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E．The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F．If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G．A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 答案：F 解析：根据上文内容可知，此处应用疑问句。干扰项：C.Do you know that online courses are also part of your education？原文信息指的是网上学习成为上大学的重要经历，而不是网上课程是受教育的一部分。C项属于偷换概念。故选F。 答案 解析 套路2　语义错位 (1)通过形近词、派生词、多义词等转述原文信息。如用trouble me替换in trouble，用dangerous替换in danger，用trustworthy替换trust等，此类转述造成语义错位。 (2)丢掉重要的修饰词或限定词，导致语义发生转变。 [真题指路]　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) Visiting a place that others call home is a privilege (荣幸). Do your part to preserve what makes a destination special in the first place. __40__ You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there. A．Visit during off­peak times. B．So, should we stop traveling? C．Travel for you and no one else. D．Can overtourism be avoided then? E．You can still find relatively undiscovered places. F．You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G．Consider giving back to the communities you're visiting. 答案：G 解析：本空易与F项 “You'll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it.”混淆，文中的 closer为选项中的close的派生词，单纯浏览选项易误选。设空处前文表明旅游时应保护旅游景点，后文“You may be amazed how much closer you'll feel to the people there.”说明了这样做给你带来的感受，G项(考虑回馈你所访问的社区。)承前启后。故选G。 答案 解析 套路3　不当推理 基于原文信息，但在推理过程中出现错误、偏离、相悖等结论，命题人将此设置为干扰项，干扰大家的思维。 [真题指路]　(2022·北京高考) Health and fitness help a person live a good and healthy life. Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health. __35__ It is the fitness level of our body that helps us fight these diseases. A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G．This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases. 答案：G 解析：前文说明健康能帮助人们过上健康的生活，后文说明是健康水平帮助身体抵抗疾病，很容易误选A项。此处应关注设空处前文“Often due to various pressures, we tend to ignore our health.(由于各种压力，我们忽视健康。)”，G项(这样做的结果是让我们的身体受苦，我们会养成(坏的)生活方式和感染其他疾病。)与前文关系更紧密。故选G。 答案 解析 套路4　断章取义 不顾及全篇内容，只截取文中的个别句子作为迷惑选项，命题人往往以此干扰大家的做题。 [真题指路]　(2023·全国乙卷) Indoor plants, also known as houseplants or pot plants, are plants that like to grow indoors. Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter. __37__． A．All plants are different B．Not only do they look beautiful C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D．Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E．Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 答案：D 解析：干扰项：F.Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help，上文提到关键词“pot plants”以及“grow indoors”和“growing outside”，并没有提到换花盆，F项属于断章取义。根据上文“Many of these species (物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK, especially in the winter.”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长。D项(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)承接上文。故选D。 答案 解析 套路5　扩缩范围 以上位词取代下位词，或者用表示不同范围的词进行替换。如把world­over换位national，把civil换位international，把sense换位hearing，把banana换位any fruit等。 [真题指路]　(2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) Parisians are different from you and me. They never look lazy or untidy. As someone noted in this paper a couple of weeks ago, they eat great food and never gain weight. __38__ French strawberries do not taste like cardboard. Instead, they explode in your mouth like little flavor bombs. A．Not all the customers are tourists. B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. 答案：G 解析：干扰项：D.The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers.根据上文可知，巴黎人吃美味的食物却从不发胖，下文提到法国草莓十分美味。由此可知，设空处应该和美味及巴黎人吃不胖有关。干扰项用amazing food作为迷惑点。G项(食物是如此美味，以至于你不需要吃太多就能感到快乐。)符合语境。故选G。 答案 解析 套路6　无中生有 此类选项是命题人在正确选项的基础上，结合常识和大众认知杜撰出来的选项，貌似合理，实际上没有对应信息，或者与上下文逻辑不符。 [真题指路]　(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷) So, how do you find a workout partner? First of all, decide what you want from that person. __37__ Or do you just want to be physically fit, able to move with strength and flexibility? A．Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B．A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C．You'll work harder if you train with someone else. D．Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E．How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F．Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G．Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 答案：D 解析：干扰项：E.How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice？本段讲述怎么寻找一个健身搭档，干扰项引号中的内容也为寻找健身搭档，容易误选，但与下文逻辑不符。根据下文“Or do you just ... with strength and flexibility？”可知，D项(你想在你最喜欢的运动方面成为更好的运动员吗？)和下文并列。故选D。 答案 解析 套路7　绝对化表达 干扰项中出现如all, none, everyone, everything, impossible等绝对化的表达，一般不符合客观事实和原文信息。 [真题指路]　(2023·全国乙卷) Younger plants are often cheaper than fully grown ones, and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the joy of owning plants. “__40__，” Spoelstra says. “It can bring a new interest and focus into people's lives and help to make the link between home and nature.” A．All plants are different B．Not only do they look beautiful C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D．Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E．Plants like peace lilies and devil's ivy are among the best F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 答案：G 解析：干扰项：A.All plants are different，文中提到“Younger plants”和“fully grown ones”，但并不一定包括所有的植物，A项用了绝对化的表达“all”。G项(了解每种植物的需求是非常有意义的)承接上文，且下文中的“It”指G项中的“Learning about the requirements of each plant”。故选G。 答案 解析 R $$