专题二 第一讲 七选五——解题之道-【金版教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT（经典版）

WELCOME UNIT 第一篇　突破阅读——赢半壁江山 专题二 七选五 年份 卷别 体裁 主题语境 话题 段首 段中 段尾 选项特指 词数 2024 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自我 使用英语词典 1 4 0 完整句 259＋54 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 避免“过度 旅游” 1 3 1 完整句 252＋45 全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 节制饮食 1 3 1 完整句 251＋63 浙江高考1月 说明文 人与自我 在线学习 1 3 1 完整句 265＋92 2023 新课标Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与自我 学会自我原谅的办法 0 4 1 完整句 247＋82 新课标Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 开启艺术之旅的建议 1 3 1 完整句 261＋63 全国甲卷 说明文 人与自我 变得有耐心的方法 1 3 1 完整句 252＋51 全国乙卷 说明文 人与自然 室内绿植及其好处 0 3 2 有残缺句 282＋69 浙江高考1月 说明文 人与自我 火车旅行建议 0 5 0 完整句 291＋90 2022 新高考Ⅰ卷 说明文 人与社会 如何找到健身伙伴 0 4 1 完整句 257＋76 新高考Ⅱ卷 说明文 人与社会 写文章的技巧 1 4 0 完整句 237＋74 全国甲卷 说明文 人与社会 不同文化用餐礼仪 1 3 1 有残缺句 230＋87 全国乙卷 说明文 人与社会 维持异地友谊的办法 3 1 1 有残缺句 248＋76 浙江高考6月 议论文 人与社会 人们写作都带有 某种目的 1 3 1 完整句 254＋91 浙江高考1月 说明文 人与社会 不同地区的用餐礼仪 1 3 1 有残缺句 229＋94 1．文章选材：以说明文为主，记叙文、议论文为辅。题型以段中句为主，小标题、段首句和段尾句为辅。 2．文章话题：与社会生活紧密相关、贴近学生实际，旨在引导学生关爱自我、关心社会、热爱生活。 3．选项特点：选项一般为整句话，少数为半句话，比如2023年全国乙卷第36题、2022年全国乙卷第40题、2022年全国甲卷第40题。 4．命题变化：句式、词汇、位置、标题的隐性化以及文体的多样化等，越来越注重对思辨能力的考查，具体表现为： (1)深层理解的题目有增加的趋势； (2)设空位置越来越灵活，在小标题、段首、段中、段尾皆有设空； (3)选材加大了对长难句的考查力度，语境也越来越复杂。 WELCOME UNIT 第一讲　七选五——解题之道 做七选五有个犯错成本较高的特点，那就是错一题，很有可能会遭遇“绝命连环杀”，导致另外一道题跟着错，一下子两题5分就没有了。为了避免一错连错，七选五解题在内容一致的前提下可遵循以下四种一致性原则：句式一致、代词一致、时态一致、情感一致，以提高做题正确率。 原则1　句式一致 如果从句式一致这个角度做选择，是可以秒杀一些题目的。 [真题指路1]　(2024·全国甲卷) What is moderation (适度)? Basically, it means eating only as much food as your body needs. You should feel satisfied at the end of a meal, but not too full. __36__ But it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love. A．Eat properly throughout the day. B．We don't always eat just to satisfy hunger. C．Don't swallow a meal on the way to work. D．Most of us need to double the amount we eat. E．Instead, surround yourself with healthy choices. F．For many of us, moderation means eating less than we do now. G．That won't lead to cheating or giving up on your new eating plan. 解析： F项中的“moderation means eating less than we do now”与设空处前文“it means eating only as much food as your body needs”及后文“it doesn't mean saying goodbye to the foods you love”句式一致，F项(对我们很多人来说，适度意味着吃得比平时少。)解释了何为适量进食。故选F。 解析 答案：F 答案 [真题指路2]　(2023·北京高考) When I talk to families as a scholar of higher education, they're often surprised that teaching excellence is not counted in rankings. __36__ A．Higher education has achieved its true potential. B．Therefore, it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C．Quality teaching has been an important reputation­building factor. D．However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E．Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F．They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G．In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 解析：上文的“they're often surprised that”与F项“They're even more surprised at ...”句式一致。故选F。 解析 答案：F 答案 [真题指路3]　(2022·北京高考) Additionally, it is important to relax our body. We should have at least six to eight hours of sleep every day. It helps in improving our immune (免疫) system and protects us against diseases. __39__ This, in turn, gives us new goals of health and fitness. A．Fitness levels decide the quality of life. B．Health and fitness are interrelated to each other. C．It also helps in keeping us calm and relaxes our mind. D．For instance, we may have a tendency to catch a cold easily. E．If we keep our body fit, we can enjoy life in a better manner. F．There are some activities which everyone should do in our life. G．This makes our body suffer and we catch lifestyle and other diseases. 解析：上文的“It helps in improving ...”与C项“It also helps in keeping ...”句式一致，C项(它还有助于让我们保持冷静，放松我们的思想。)与上文并列，解释了充足的睡眠的好处。故选C。 解析 答案：C 答案 [真题指路4]　(2022·全国甲卷) Some of these cultural dining etiquette rules may seem random and strange, but they are important in various countries. __40__， the more comfortable you'll begin to feel with its foreign cultural practices. A．The more friends you make in your lifetime B．The more time you spend in any given country C．Mexicans consider it inappropriate to eat with utensils D．Don't get caught making an embarrassing mistake at a restaurant E．It's a good sign for the chef if you make a mess around your plate F．Never stick them upright in your food or cross them as you use them G．It may seem like a simple request to ask for salt and pepper at a meal 解析：根据设空后的“the more ...”可知，此处为“The＋比较级 ... ，the＋比较级 ... ”的句型结构，根据句式一致原则，答案锁定A、B之间。B项(你在任何特定的国家待的时间越长)符合题意。故选B。 解析 答案：B 答案 [真题指路5]　(2020·新高考Ⅰ卷) Your goal is not to be a perfect public speaker. __19__ And like everything else in life, that takes practice. Remember, even world champion athletes practice their skills on a consistent basis. A．Do the opposite. B．You want to be an effective public speaker. C．You don't need to apologize for a minor slip. D．When it comes to public speaking, less is usually more. E．The objective of most speeches is to benefit the audience. F．Take the fear out of public speaking by focusing on your listeners. G．However, the majority of people are effective speakers because they train to be. 解析： B项中的“to be an effective public speaker”与前文“to be a perfect public speaker”句式一致，前文提到你的目标不是成为一个完美的公共演讲者，B项(你想要成为一个有效的演讲者。)承接前文。故选B。 解析 答案：B 答案 [真题指路6] 　(2019·北京高考) Much of the work in today's world is accomplished (完成) in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals. __46__ Companies spend millions hiring top business people. Is their money well spent? A．It's not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent. B．Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent. C．The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers' attention. D．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship. E．Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world. F．Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent. G．This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball. 解析： B项中的“spend millions of dollars attracting”与下文中的“spend millions hiring”句式一致，下文提到公司花费百万聘用顶尖商界人士，B项(运动队的老板花费百万吸引优秀人才。)符合语境。故选B。 解析 答案：B 答案 原则2　代词一致 无论是中文还是英文，都会借用代词来实现语句之间的衔接。在解决无处不在的代词题时，要遵循就近一致原则，换句话说：遇代词，向前看，人对人，物对物，单复对单复。 [真题指路1] 　(2024·浙江高考1月) The tip that comes up most often is simple: build online courses into your weekly schedule, just like what you would do with in person courses. __39__ He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades. It is so easy to let an online course slide, but your grades will suffer as a result. Be sure to schedule set times to watch your lectures, read materials and contribute to online discussion boards. A．But that doesn't mean there aren't deadlines. B．Your motivation should be your main concern. C．Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? D．Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E．The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F．If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? G．A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 解析：根据下文“He noted that his online students usually end up with lower grades.(他指出，他的在线学生最终的成绩通常较低。)”可知，D项(Alex Davidson (亚历克斯·戴维森)教授在线下和线上教同样的课程。)引出下文，下文中的“He”指代其中的“Alex Davidson”。故选D。 解析 答案：D 答案 [真题指路2]　 (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷) You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. __39__ That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. A．A little self－forgiveness also goes a long way. B．Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C．They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D．It's just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E．It doesn't mean you have to ignore what's happened or forget it. F．Whatever it is no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G．Whatever the mistake, remember it isn't a fixed aspect of your personality. 解析：设空前提到你可以让朋友和家人帮忙增加你的内容列表，设空后提到这种方式会使得你和朋友们一起交换意见。C项(他们甚至可能想试一试做这个练习。)承前启后，且其中的“They”指代设空前的“a friend or family member”。故选C。 解析 答案：C 答案 [真题指路3]　 (2023·浙江高考1月) Plan ahead. Most long­distance trains, especially the sleeping car accommodations, sell out very quickly. __36__ But no matter when you travel, it's a good idea to make your reservations at least 90 days in advance. A．Train trips aren't for impatient types. B．You'll have views from both sides of the train. C．The temperature on rail cars is often hard to control. D．That's particularly true during busy summer months. E．You might have to wait longer than 24 hours to catch the next one. F．Chances are the cost will be a lot less than the cost of one bedroom. G．He may also book you in a sleeping car that's right next to the diner. 解析：上文提到很多长途火车票，特别是卧铺票很快就会售完，下文提到，但是不管你去哪里旅行，最好提前90天预订。D项(在繁忙的夏季尤为如此。）承上启下，That代指上文提到的很多火车票尤其是卧铺票很快会售完这一情况。故选D。 解析 答案：D 答案 [真题指路4]　 (2021·浙江高考6月) “Many people in China have limited exposure to English.__35__ That said, we know of many postcrossing members, including Chinese, who have actually improved their English skills through their use of postcrossing，” Paulo says. A．And that's totally fine. B．That makes it extra hard to learn and practice it. C．He likes to think of sending postcards as a family­friendly hobby. D．Many love to make a connection with someone from across the world. E．On August 5, the number of postcards exchanged by members topped 31 million. F．Similarly, if you speak only Chinese, receiving a card in Swedish takes part of the fun away. G．In short, he loves postcards, and the excitement of getting a hand­written note from someone far away. 解析：根据上文“Many people in China have limited exposure to English.(许多中国人很少能接触到英语。)”可知，B项(这使得学习和练习它变得格外困难。)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系，其中That 指代“limited exposure to English”；第二个it指代English。故选B。 解析 答案：B 答案 [真题指路5]　 (2020·北京高考) Resilient (适应性强的) people who think positively tend to treat every problem as a challenge, a chance for improvement of any kind, or as an opportunity for personal growth. Pessimists, on the contrary, tend to perceive problems as a source of additional stress. __49__ A．It doesn't cause any severe emotional discomfort, either. B．Negative self­talk damages self­confidence and decreases self­respect. C．It helps one to remain clear­headed and confident in difficult situations. D．Positive thinking has several beneficial effects on the body and the mind. E．As thinking changes, an individual's behaviour and habits change as well. F．They often offer a real alternative to the common and regular way of thinking. G．They often feel discouraged long before trying to solve the problem, even if small. 解析：上文“Pessimists, on the contrary ... additional stress.”介绍了悲观者对待问题的反应，G项(他们常常在试图解决问题之前就感到气馁，即使是很小的问题。)承接上文，其中的They指代上文的Pessimists。故选G。 解析 答案：G 答案 原则3　时态一致 在七选五阅读题中，根据时态一致原则解题也会事半功倍。 [真题指路1]　 (2021·新高考Ⅰ卷) My husband and I just spent a week in Paris.__36__ So the first thing we did was rent a fantastically expensive sixth­floor apartment the size of a cupboard. It was so tiny that we had to leave our suitcases in the hallway. The place wasn't entirely authentic, though. Unlike a normal Parisian apartment, the plumbing (水管) worked. __37__ Our building even had a tiny lift with a female voice that said, “Ouverture des portes，” in perfect French. That is the only French phrase I mastered, and it's a shame I don't have much use for it. A．Not all the customers are tourists. B．The quality of life in France is equally excellent. C．There was a nice kitchen and a comfortable bed. D．The amazing food is mainly consumed by local farmers. E．That's not the only reason the French eat less than we do. F．Our aim was to see if we could live, in some way, like real Parisians. G．The food is so delicious that you don't need much of it to make you happy. 解析：设空处所在段使用过去时态，根据时态一致原则可知，C和F两个选项符合。根据下文可知，作者到巴黎后的第一件事是在六层租了一套昂贵且小的公寓。由此可知，作者和丈夫想体验一下巴黎人的生活。F项(在某种程度上，我们的目的是看看我们能否像真正的巴黎人那样生活。)引出下文。故选F。 解析 36.答案：F 答案 解析：上文提到公寓的水管正常运转，下文又提到这栋楼甚至有部很小的电梯。由此可知，此处在介绍这套公寓的硬件条件还不错。C项(有一个不错的厨房和一张舒适的床。)符合语境，且与上下文时态一致。故选C。 解析 37.答案：C 答案 [真题指路2]　(2020·全国卷Ⅲ) Housewarming parties get their name from the fact that a long time ago people would actually bring firewood to a new home as a gift. __40__ Now most homes have central heating and don't use fires to keep warm. A．This isn't usual though. B．It is traditional to bring a gift to a housewarming party. C．You can also bring food or drinks to share with the other guests. D．If you're lucky enough to receive gifts, keep them in a safe place. E．It also gives people a chance to see what the new home looks like. F．The best housewarming parties encourage old friends to get together. G．This was so that the person could keep their home warm for the winter. 解析：根据设空后的“Now”可知，在此之前写到的内容一定是“过去”，前文“would”一词也是提示，也就是说作者在将过去和现在进行对比。前文提到从前人们真的会把木柴带到新家作为礼物，G项(这样是为了人们可以在冬天保持家里的温暖。)承接前文，且符合时态一致性原则。故选G。 解析 答案：G 答案 [真题指路3]　(2016·北京高考) The reason why any of us take any risks at all might have to do with early humans. Risk­takers were better at hunting, fighting, or exploring. __72__ As the quality of risk­taking was passed from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk. A．It all depends on your character. B．Those are the risks you should jump to take. C．Being better at those things meant a greater chance of survival. D．Thus, these well­equipped people survived because they were the fittest. E．This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. F．However, we are not all using the same reference standard to weigh risks and rewards. G．New brain research suggests our brains work differently when we face a nervous situation. 解析：设空处所在段落是明显的过去时态，所以选择范围锁定在C和D中。设空前提到冒险者更擅长狩猎、战斗或探险，C项(在那些方面做得好意味着生存机会更大。)承接前文。故选C。 解析 答案： C 答案 原则4　情感一致 我们可以根据作者传达的情感，选择与文章褒贬状态相符的选项，从而提高答题准确性。当采取情感一致性原则做题时，要遵循积极对积极、消极对消极、积极与消极同时存在中间必有转折的原则。 [真题指路1]　 (2022·浙江高考6月) There is nothing wrong with this kind of writing. It suits the audience and the purpose and gets the job done. __35__ This type of writing won't be rewarded by the school examiner, nor by a future employer or a potential client. The very best communicators are those who know how to adjust their language to match their audience. A．It isn't that these young people can't write. B．But it is always purposeful—or at least it should be. C．The age of pen­and­paper letter writing may have passed. D．As a result, each year they received something they wanted. E．You write “Hi Nanna and Pop” because you are close to them. F．As technology develops, young people are writing more than they ever have. G．But if this is the only kind of writing young people do, it will cause problems. 解析：设空前是“这种写作”的好处：它迎合了观众和写作目的，并能完成任务；设空后是“这种写作”的弊端：这种写作类型不会得到学校考官的奖励，也不会得到未来雇主或潜在客户的奖励，此处遵循积极与消极同时存在中间必有转折的原则。因此，G项(但是，如果这是年轻人唯一的一种写作方式，那就会造成问题。)符合题意。故选G。 解析 答案： G 答案 [真题指路2]　 (2023·北京高考) Rankings, however, are only one reason why a low value is placed on teaching in higher education. Administrators often don't view teaching excellence as a way to increase enrolment (注册) or funding. __38__ Research shows that the more time instructors spend on teaching, the lower their salary. What is the result？Many instructors continue to teach using traditional lectures, which lead to lower success rates. A．Higher education has achieved its true potential. B．Therefore, it's not highly valued in hiring or promotion. C．Quality teaching has been an important reputation­building factor. D．However, the rankings ignore a critical factor: the quality of teaching. E．Efforts to improve teaching at the university level have recently emerged. F．They're even more surprised at how teaching is undervalued by universities. G．In fact, universities often shift emphasis from teaching to other ranking factors. 解析：上文指出“管理人员不认为教学优秀有用”，下文说明“教师花在教学上的时间和薪水呈反比”。段首的“a low value”和段尾的“lower success rates”已经完全表明了消极态度。所有选项里，只有B、D、F三项为消极态度。B项(因此，在招聘或晋升时也不重视这一点。)承接上文，与上文构成因果关系。故选B。 解析 答案： B 答案 [真题指路3]　 (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) The journey you're on won't follow a straight path. __40__ Push through, give it time and put in the effort. You will harvest the rewards of an artistic life. A．Get out of your comfort zone. B．Make career plans and set goals. C．Don't throw away your beginner art. D．Share your work if you feel comfortable doing so. E．You'll hit roadblocks, and you'll feel discouraged at times. F．Evaluate your performance and, if needed, redefine your role. G．You'll develop that painting muscle memory that only comes with repetition. 解析：根据设空前“你的旅程将不会是一条笔直的道路”可知，“不会是一条笔直的路”意味着道路曲折，E项(你会遇到障碍，有时你会感到气馁。)承接前文，且其情感色彩是消极的，与前文一致。故选E。 解析 答案：E 答案 R $$