专题一 第二讲 题型三 词句猜测类-【金版教程】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习冲刺方案课件PPT（经典版）

WELCOME UNIT 第一编　突破阅读——赢半壁江山 专题一　语篇阅读 第二讲　语篇阅读——四大题型 题型三　词句猜测类 技法 同步对点练 目录 CONTENTS 1 2 新高考外刊题组精练 3 技法 技法1　指代判断题——“顺藤摸瓜”法 技法 [真题指路1] 　(2020·新高考Ⅱ卷) I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit. ... My imaginary Grandma's Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes, students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the different possessions I supposedly had taken away—since I seldom actually kept them. Usually the__offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would return the belonging. 技法 25．What do the underlined words “the offender” in Paragraph 8 refer to? A．The student's parent. B．The maker of the Grandma's Box. C．The author's grandchild. D．The owner of the forbidden fruit. 解析：根据派生法可知，“­er”为后缀，当其与动词组合时，表示“做某事的人或物”。offend为动词，意为“违反；冒犯”，所以offender有“犯规者；违反者”之意。结合上文中出现的“forbidden fruit”以及下文提到的“return the belonging”可推知，画线词所在句表示“通常the offender会在放学的时候过来，我就会把东西归还。”the offender指携带违禁物品的人。故选D。 答案 解析 技法 [真题指路2] 　(2023· 浙江高考1月) ... This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make. Such wrinkles will no doubt be ironed out, yet they also point to a fundamental problem. As Kristian Hammond, professor of electrical engineering and computer science at Northwestern University, put it: “There's never a stage at which the system knows what it's talking about.” 29．What does the underlined word “wrinkles” in paragraph 2 refer to? A．Arguments. B．Doubts. C．Errors. D．Differences. 解析：根据“This can lead to the kinds of errors no human would make.(这可能会导致人类不会犯的错误。)”和画线词后的“will no doubt be ironed out(毫无疑问会被消除)”可知，画线词指的是“错误”。故选C。 答案 解析 技法 [真题指路3] 　(2024·浙江高考1月) When was the last time you used a telephone box? I mean to make an actual phone call—not to shelter from the rain. Ages ago, right? The last time I used a phone box for its intended purpose was ... 2006. I was conducting auditions (试演) for my play in my tiny old shared house in London. Hoping to impress some talented actors to come and work for me for nothing, I spread some throws over the sofas and lit candles to make it seem a bit more “young professional”. 24．What does the underlined word “it” in the first paragraph refer to? A．The play. B．The shared house. C．The sofa. D．The telephone box. 答案 技法 解析：根据画线词所在段中的“I was conducting auditions (试演) ... more ‘young professional’．”可知，作者为了组织试演专门布置了狭小的、旧的合租房，使它看起来更像一个“年轻的专业人士”的生活空间。由此可知，it 指代“合租房”。故选 B。 解析 技法 技法2　词义猜测题——“线索追踪”法 技法 技法 技法 [真题指路1] 　(2024·新课标Ⅱ卷) In__the__wrong__hands,__such a book could prove as complicated to process as the computer code (代码) that powers AI but, thankfully, Campbell has more than two decades' professional experience translating the heady into the understandable. She writes from the practical angle of a business person rather than as an academic, making for a guide which is highly accessible and informative and which, by the close, will make you feel almost as smart as AI. 32．What does the phrase “In the wrong hands” in paragraph 2 probably mean? A．If read by someone poorly educated. B．If reviewed by someone ill­intentioned. C．If written by someone less competent. D．If translated by someone unacademic. 答案 技法 解析：根据画线部分后文“such a book ... into the understandable (这样一本书可能会像驱动人工智能的计算机代码一样复杂，但值得庆幸的是，Campbell (坎贝尔)有20多年的专业经验，可以将令人头痛的内容转化为可理解的内容)”可知，Campbell撰写的这本书是通俗易懂的，如果别人写这本书的话可能就不是这样了，由此可推知，画线部分表示 “如果是由能力较差的人写的”。故选C。 解析 技法 [真题指路2] 　 (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷) ... Adults are portrayed (描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume, deep in thought or lost in a moment of leisure. These scenes may have been painted hundreds of years ago, but they record moments we can all relate__to. 30．What do the underlined words “relate to” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Understand. B．Paint. C．Seize. D．Transform. 答案 技法 解析：根据“Adults are portrayed (描绘) ... of years ago (在不同场景中、不同姿势的成年人都被描绘成独自一人——或全神贯注地看书，或陷入沉思，或沉浸在片刻的休闲中。这些场景可能是数百年前绘制的)”可推知，转折连词but所在句表示“但它们记录的这些瞬间我们都能感同身受”，即relate to意为“理解；认识到”。故选A。 解析 技法 [真题指路3] 　 (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷) When reading texts of several hundred words or more, learning is generally more successful when it's on paper than onscreen. A large amount of research confirms this finding. The benefits of print reading particularly shine__through when experimenters move from posing simple tasks—like identifying the main idea in a reading passage—to ones that require mental abstraction—such as drawing inferences from a text. 28．What does the underlined phrase “shine through” in paragraph 2 mean? A．Seem unlikely to last. B．Seem hard to explain. C．Become ready to use. D．Become easy to notice. 答案 技法 解析：根据画线短语前文“When reading texts ... confirms this finding.”可知，当阅读几百字或更多字的文本时，有纸化学习通常比在屏幕上学习更成功。大量的研究证实了这一发现。故画线短语所在部分指从提出简单的任务转向需要思维抽象的任务时，纸质阅读的益处就变得显而易见。由此可推知，shine through应是“显而易见”之意。故选D。 解析 技法 [真题指路4] 　 (2024·全国甲卷) Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit, but cats take__this__behavior_ _up__a_ _notch. Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. This is a very old habit that's been present in all kinds of predators (食肉动物). Cats bring gifts for their owners to show they love you. These adorable little hunters are just doing something that it's been in their nature since the beginning of time. So just go along with it! 26．Which best explains the phrase “take ... up a notch” in paragraph 3? A．Perform appropriately. B．Move faster. C．Act strangely. D．Do better. 答案 技法 解析：根据画线部分前文“Dogs are known for their impressive fetching habit (狗以其令人印象深刻的抓取习惯而闻名)”和后文“Many cats will find random objects outside and bring them to their owners. (许多猫会在外面找到随机的东西，并把它们带给主人。)”可知，狗以取回东西而闻名，但猫可以从外边找到东西带回来，因此猫在这一行为上提升了一个档次。短语take ... up a notch意为“做得更出色”。故选D。 解析 技法 [真题指路5] 　 (2021·全国甲卷) Southbank, at an eastern bend in the Thames, is the center of British skateboarding, where the continuous crashing of skateboards left your head ringing. I loved it. I soon made friends with the local skaters. We spoke our own language. And my favorite: Safe. Safe meant cool. It meant hello. It meant don't worry about it. Once, when trying a certain trick on the beam (横杆), I fell onto the stones, damaging a nerve in my hand, and Toby came over, helping me up: Safe, man. Safe. A few minutes later, when I landed the trick, my friends beat their boards loud, shouting: “Safe!__Safe!__Safe！” And that's what mattered—landing tricks, being a good skater. 29．What do the underlined words “Safe! Safe! Safe！” probably mean? A．Be careful! B．Well done! C．No way! D．Don't worry! 答案 技法 解析：根据“And my favorite ... worry about it.”可知，作者给了safe多重定义，safe可以表示出色的，也可以意味着打招呼，还可以表示安慰；同时结合下文可知，在作者成功完成一次滑板动作后，同伴们都大喊Safe! Safe! Safe！由此可推知，此处safe用来表示祝贺或者鼓励，意为“干得漂亮”。故选B。 解析 技法 [真题指路6] 　 (2023·全国甲卷) Terri Bolton is a__dab__hand when it comes to DIY (do－it－yourself). Skilled at putting up shelves and piecing together furniture, she never pays someone else to do a job she can do herself. 24．Which is closest in meaning to “a dab hand” in paragraph 1? A．An artist. B．A winner. C．A specialist. D．A pioneer. 答案 解析：根据画线短语下文“Skilled at ... she can do herself.(她擅长搭架子和拼接家具，从不花钱让别人做她自己能做的工作。)”可知，Terri Bolton (特里·博尔顿)是一位DIY高手。由此可推知，画线短语a dab hand意为“一位专业人员”。故选C。 解析 技法 [真题指路7] 　 (2019·全国卷Ⅲ) “China is impossible to overlook，” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women all over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashion—they are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are today's top Western designers being influenced by China—some of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason Wu are taking__on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobs—and beating them hands down in design and sales，” adds Hill. 26．What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean? A．learning from B．looking down on C．working with D．competing against 答案 技法 解析：根据画线短语下文“and beating them hands down in design and sales (并在设计和销售上轻松击败了他们)”可知，competing against与taking on意思相近，表示“与……竞争”。故选D。 解析 技法 技法3　句意理解题——“意义吻合”法 技法 [典题导航] 　(2024·湖南省长沙市第一中学高考适应性演练) After the diagnosis (诊断) of Chase's disease, friends prepared Mary for the worst: He'd never be able to have a job, never learn to socialize, and never be independent. Like__many__autistic__patients,__the__sight,__smell,__feel__and__taste__of__almost__everything__on__Chase's__plate__tipped__him__over__the__edge. However, when he watched cooking shows with his grandfather, he became addicted to seeing people enjoy what they were eating and started asking to try some of the food on the shows. Two years later, he recorded the first episode (集) of “Chase N Yur Face” with the help of his mother, which they posted on social media. The show quickly caught the attention of autism groups. Chase started reaching out to chefs he admired by email to invite them to tape episodes with him. 技法 25．What does the underlined part in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Food was appealing to Chase. B．Food on Chase's plate tasted bad. C．Chase had no appetite for most food. D．Chase wanted to cook himself. 解析：根据画线句的句意(和许多自闭症患者一样，Chase盘子里几乎所有东西从视觉、嗅觉、感觉和味道方面都让他不知所措。)及下一段中的“However, when he watched ... on the shows.(然而，当他和祖父一起看烹饪节目时，他沉迷于看到人们享受他们正在吃的东西，并开始要求尝试节目中的一些食物。)”可推知，画线句意为“Chase (蔡斯)对大多数食物不感兴趣”。故选C。 答案 解析 技法 同步对点练 (2024·山东省泰安市新泰第一中学高三一模)If you live in a region where winter weather is a regular risk, you are likely used to pouring salt on your sidewalks. But how does it work? And how much salt do humans pour onto our planet's surface? The second question is easier to answer: a lot. Salt doesn't directly melt ice, nor does it make snow simply disappear. Instead it makes water less likely to freeze in a phenomenon called freezing point depression. In the case of simple rock salt, which is a rawer, less pure version of table salt, each molecule (分子) splits into smaller elements. Normally, when water freezes into ice, its molecules line up to form a stable, orderly structure. Salt interrupts the process, however, and temperatures must drop lower to overcome that interruption and for freezing to occur. 同步对点练 But if salt needs to interact with liquid water, how does it do anything when temperatures are stubbornly below freezing, and water should already be in the form of ice? That's where cars help clear their own way by creating friction and, in turn, heat. The friction allows for the ice that has already frozen to melt a little bit, making it unlikely to freeze. Beyond rock salt's ability to clear icy streets, it can also be destructive. Chloride ions (氯离子) can cause wear and tear on vehicles and facilities. Increasing chloride densities in North American lakes could begin to upset local ecology and degrade sources of drinking water. 同步对点练 Many local governments are looking for alternatives to rock salt. Other salts such as magnesium chloride and calcium chloride work in the same way as rock salt, and they're perhaps even more efficient. Some experiments are testing other ice­preventing solutions, including those that contain sugars instead of or in addition to salts. Another approach relies more heavily on sand, which can mechanically make roads safer. All of this experimentation is aimed at ensuring people can travel in any weather condition—a Herculean task when winter brings its worst. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们在冬天通过在路面撒盐来缓解雪后因道路结冰而造成的交通安全问题，并就此问题所带来的环境问题进行科普。 篇章导读 同步对点练 1．What's the purpose of the first sentence in Paragraph 2? A．To introduce the topic. B．To give some evidence. C．To define the phenomenon. D．To reveal the misconception. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段第一句“Salt doesn't directly melt ice, nor does it make snow simply disappear.(盐不会直接融化冰，也不会让雪消失。)”以及第二句“Instead it makes water less likely to freeze in a phenomenon called freezing point depression.(相反，它使水不太可能结冰，这种现象被称为冰点下降。)”可推知，第二段第一句的目的是揭示一个错误认知。故选D。 答案 解析 同步对点练 2．How does salt work to disturb the process of freezing? A．By lowering the temperature. B．By melting and splitting itself. C．By lining up to form a solid structure. D．By stopping the formation of the structure. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Normally, when water freezes ... interrupts the process(正常情况下，当水结冰时，它的分子会排成一行，形成一个稳定、有序的结构。然而，盐会打断这一进程)”可知，盐会干扰水分子在结冰时形成稳定、有序的结构。故选D。 答案 解析 同步对点练 3．What does the underlined word “densities” in Paragraph 4 mean? A．Concentrations. B．Weights. C．Qualities. D．Salts. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Increasing chloride densities ... drinking water.”可知，氯离子的浓度增加会使当地生态系统受到干扰，并使饮用水源退化。所以画线词意为“浓度”。故选A。 答案 解析 同步对点练 4．What's the last paragraph mainly talking about? A．Other salts won't disturb local ecology. B．Efforts are being made to guarantee safe travels. C．Many alternatives are available to solve the problem. D．Bitter winter make it impossible to secure road safety. 解析：段落大意题。通读最后一段，尤其是根据其中的“All of this experimentation is aimed at ensuring people can travel in any weather condition”可知，本段主要阐述地方政府正在努力确保冰雪天气时人们的出行安全。故选B。 答案 解析 同步对点练 新高考外刊题组精练 题组三　词句猜测类 较易题(占比20%)　中档题(占比60%)　拔高题(占比20%) 题号 A B C D E 难度 ★ ★★ ★★ ★★ ★★★ 新高考外刊题组精练 38 A(时间：7分钟) Every morning at 5 am when most people are asleep, a single figure would be busy in the kitchen, cooking meals for the needy folks of Singapore until the rest of the volunteers and the four full­time cooks arrive. Day in and day out, Mr Tony Tay and his team prepare, cook, pack and deliver the food to various parts of the island. This team of caring volunteers from all walks of life work tirelessly to bring a smile to the less privileged, bringing warmth and kindness into their lives. 新高考外刊题组精练 39 During one of his visits to collect vegetables and distribute them to a less­privileged neighbourhood, his wife noticed that the elderly folk did not take the vegetables. Upon asking for the reason, one replied that she could not cook and thus only ate the rice delivered to her. Mrs Tay then offered to cook for her, and that single meal initiated Willing Hearts, which has since served nearly 650，000 meals and counting. 新高考外刊题组精练 40 Since the organization's early days, volunteers have learned how to cook, interact with people from all walks of life, pick up different languages, gain greater knowledge about social issues, and most importantly, build strong bonds with one another. Through Willing Hearts, Mr Tay hopes to expose the younger generation to the country's backyard, to allow them to see and experience firsthand what goes on behind closed doors. This is to encourage them to become more compassionate individuals who understand the importance of taking care of the elderly, and be inspired to foster unity within their own families. His best gift during the course of this journey is seeing how younger volunteers help and feed the less privileged. One volunteer, he proudly tells us, has been inspired to start his own programme to help the needy. 新高考外刊题组精练 41 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Tony Tay (托尼·泰)先生创建非营利组织Willing Hearts来帮助老人和有需要的人，以及这一组织对年轻的志愿者的积极影响。 篇章导读 As a non­profit organisation, Willing Hearts relies heavily on donations and food collections. Although the volunteers at Willing Hearts may be a small and irregular group, they are always on the lookout for the poor to extend their assistance to them. 新高考外刊题组精练 42 1．What best describes Mr Tay's job? A．Professional. B．Demanding. C．Well­paid. D．Urgent. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Every morning at 5 am when most people are asleep ... deliver the food to various parts of the island.”可知，Tony Tay和他的团队日复一日地在早上五点开始准备食物并送到岛上各个地方，由此可推知，Tony Tay的工作是费时费力的。故选B。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 43 2．What inspires Mr Tay to found Willing Hearts? A．Visits to the neighbourhood. B．Smiles from the less privileged. C．Encouragement from his wife. D．One service to an old lady. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的“During one of his visits ... single meal initiated Willing Hearts”可知，服务一位老人的经历激励了 Mr Tay创建了Willing Hearts。故选D。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 44 3．What does the underlined word “compassionate” in Paragraph 3 mean? A．Qualified. B．Sympathetic. C．Wealthy. D．Dynamic. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“This is to encourage them ... within their own families.(这是为了鼓励他们成为更compassionate的人，了解照顾老人的重要性，并受到鼓舞，在自己的家庭中促进团结。)”可知，Willing Hearts鼓舞年轻人成为更有同情心的人。画线词意思是“有同情心的”。故选B。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 45 4．What is the main purpose in setting up Willing Hearts? A．To pick up different languages. B．To enhance unity within society. C．To encourage youths to assist the needy. D．To strengthen solid relationship with people. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Through Willing Hearts ... what goes on behind closed doors.”以及最后一段中的“Although the volunteers ... their assistance to them.”可推知，建立Willing Hearts的主要目的是鼓励年轻人帮助有需要的人。故选C。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 46 【词汇积累】 ①figure n. 人影；(重要的)人物 ②deliver v. 递送；传送 ③privileged adj. 有特权的；受特别优待的；幸运的 ④all walks of life 各行各业 新高考外刊题组精练 47 B(时间：8分钟) German physicist Albert Einstein is one of the most famous scientists of all time, the personification of genius and the subject of a whole industry of scholarship. In The Einsteinian Revolution, two experts on Einstein's life and his theory of relativity, Israeli physicist Hanoch Gutfreund and German historian of science Jürgen Renn, offer an original and penetrating (犀利的) analysis of Einstein's revolutionary contributions to physics and our view of the physical world. By setting Einstein's work in the long course of the evolution of scientific knowledge, Gutfreund and Renn discover the popular misconception of Einstein as an unconventional scientific genius who single­handedly created modern physics—and by pure thought alone. 新高考外刊题组精练 48 As a large part of the book explains, Einstein typically argued that science progresses through steady evolution, not through revolutionary breaks with the past. He saw his theory of relativity not as something from__scratch,__but a natural extension of the classical physics developed by pioneers such as Italian astronomer Galileo Galilei and English physicist Isaac Newton in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, as well as nineteenth­century physicists. The authors highlight how classical physics cannot be separated cleanly from modern Einsteinian physics. The book also includes substantial sections on Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus and Galileo whose methods inspired Einstein. When Einstein considered himself as standing on their shoulders, he meant that, without their contributions, he would not have formulated (阐述) the theory of relativity. 新高考外刊题组精练 49 The Einsteinian Revolution is an important and thought­provoking contribution to the scholarly literature on Einstein and his surprising scientific creativity between 1905 and 1925. Gutfreund and Renn might not have given the final answer as to why Einstein, of all people, revolutionized physics in the way that he did. But they argue in fascinating detail that, to understand his genius, one must take into account not just the earlier history of physics but also the history of knowledge more broadly. Although not always an easy read, the book will interest physicists and historians alike. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了The Einsteinian Revolution (《爱因斯坦革命》)这本书。 篇章导读 新高考外刊题组精练 50 5．What's the attitude of Gutfreund and Renn to the popular viewpoint of Einstein? A．Opposing. B．Favorable. C．Ambiguous. D．Indifferent. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段内容可知，Gutfreund (古特弗罗因德)和Renn (雷恩)发现了一个普遍的误解，即爱因斯坦是一个非传统的科学天才，仅凭一己之力和纯粹的思想就创造了现代物理学。由此可推知，他们对普遍的关于爱因斯坦的观点持反对态度。故选A。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 51 6．What does the underlined phrase “from scratch” in the third paragraph probably mean? A．With previous knowledge. B．Up to a certain standard. C．From learning from others. D．From the very beginning. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线部分前的“As a large part of the book explains ... relativity not as something”以及画线部分后的“but a natural extension ... as well as nineteenth­century physicists”可知，爱因斯坦通常认为，科学的进步是通过稳定的进化，他的相对论是先驱们发展起来的经典物理学的自然延伸，即在他看来，他的相对论并不是从头开始的东西，由此可知，from scratch意为“从头开始，从零开始”。故选D。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 52 7．What does the author mean to say by mentioning the famous physicists? A．Their ideas were rejected by Einstein. B．Their devotion to physics impressed Einstein. C．Their researches contribute to Einstein's success. D．Their hard work deserved the worldwide respect. 解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The book also includes ... the theory of relativity.”可知，经典物理学家们的方法启发了爱因斯坦，由此可推知，作者提到这些著名的物理学家是为了说明是这些物理学家的研究促成了爱因斯坦的成功。故选C。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 53 8．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．An introduction to a book. B．An essay on Albert Einstein. C．A guidebook to a course. D．A review of physics development. 解析：推理判断题。第一段提到了The Einsteinian Revolution这本书；根据第三段开头“As a large part of the book explains”、第四段第二句“The book also ... inspired Einstein.”以及最后一段最后一句“Although not always an easy read, the book will interest physicists and historians alike.”可推知，本文最有可能是来自The Einsteinian Revolution这本书的介绍。故选A。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 54 【词汇积累】 ①genius n. 天才人物；天才 ②unconventional adj. 不遵循传统的；标新立异的 ③highlight v. 突出，强调 ④thought－provoking adj. 发人深省的，引人深思的 ⑤take ... into account 将……考虑在内 新高考外刊题组精练 55 C(时间：8分钟) Why do we universally appreciate cartoons? Because they are visual—the humor unfolds right before our eyes. As writers, we have a unique challenge to craft worlds, including humorous ones, using only words. At first glance, writers and cartoonists have vastly different toolboxes and skill sets. But if you look closely, you will notice similar devices, such as simplification, exaggeration (夸张), and contrast. 新高考外刊题组精练 56 In many literary forms, decoration enriches a piece. That's not true for humor writing—humor can get lost with too many details. Adding a bit of shading will give depth to an illustration, yet there's usually no need to detail every feature. There's a thin line between plain and funny, and the difference often lies in whether a writer adheres__to the universal comedic principle, “less is funnier”. By simplifying complex situations, characters, plots, and reactions, your work becomes more digestible and humorous. 新高考外刊题组精练 57 Exaggeration is one of the most straightforward and effective comedic tools. As a humor writer, don't shy away from every chance to stretch the truth, whether by understatement or overstatement. However, effective humor is truth based. The relationship between exaggeration and realism in humor is like stretching a rubber band (橡皮筋). A little stretching, even repeated stretching, is no problem. However, overstretching the band will cause it to break, as well as the humor and the reader's trust. Contrasting is the juxtaposition (并列) of elements not usually coupled, a technique that cartoonists use to create humorous mismatches by placing significantly different elements side by side. As writers, we can use juxtaposition to brainstorm new humor angles and create funny mismatches. 新高考外刊题组精练 58 Humor is at its funniest when it's visual, and writers can craft more humorous material by employing the same techniques used by cartoonists. By thinking and writing visually, you can show the funny to readers. 篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在写作中可以运用漫画家使用的技巧来制造幽默的效果，例如简化、夸张和对比。 篇章导读 新高考外刊题组精练 59 9．What do writers and cartoonists have in common in expressing humor? A．They craft worlds literally. B．They focus closely on details. C．They employ techniques alike. D．They get through to readers easily. 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段“At first glance ... and contrast.”可知，作家和漫画家在表达幽默方面的共同之处在于他们使用简化、夸张和对比等相似的技巧。故选C。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 60 10．What does the underlined phrase “adheres to” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Breaks. B．Follows. C．Revises. D．Challenges. 解析：词义猜测题。根据画线短语下文“By simplifying complex situations ... and humorous.”可知，简化可以创造幽默，由此可推知，画线短语所在句意为：平淡和有趣之间只有一线之隔，而区别往往在于作家是否遵循喜剧的普遍原则：“越少越有趣”。画线短语意为“遵守；按照”。故选B。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 61 11．What is a way to achieve humor according to the author? A．Overstating simple situations. B．Shying away from the truth. C．Reducing the number of characters. D．Combining uncoupled elements. 解析：细节理解题。根据第五段中的“Contrasting is the juxtaposition (并列) ... side by side.”可知，将不耦合的元素相结合可以创造出幽默的效果。故选D。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 62 12．Where is the text most probably taken from? A．A review of modern cartoons. B．An essay on the art of writing. C．An introduction to painting skills. D．A guidebook for passionate readers. 解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“As writers, we ... using only words.”、最后一段内容和文中对三种幽默创作方法的介绍可知，文章主要介绍了三种漫画家使用的幽默创作技巧可以运用在写作中。由此可推知，本文很可能出自关于写作艺术的文章。故选B。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 63 【词汇积累】 ①effective adj. 产生预期结果的，有效的 ②element n. 要素，基本部分 ③employ v. 运用，使用；雇用 ④shy away from 躲避，回避 新高考外刊题组精练 64 D(时间：8分钟) With a rapidly growing number of gamers, school districts are scrambling (争先恐后的) to approve esports clubs. But how esports is carried out in schools will have an impact on whether our youth get the best version—one that is healthy, safe, and balanced. Using esports responsibly in schools depends on properly defining “esports”. Esports isn't just about video gaming. It is the recognition of video gaming as a source of competitive play within a structured group environment. Contrary to the outdated belief that video gamers are unhealthy, unsociable, and untidy young peoples, esports has largely become about bringing a healthy, social, and structured form of team play to the video games industry. Professional esports organizations like Gen.G are investing big money into high­quality training facilities that allow for the necessary development of positive group dynamics in an environment complete with wellness professionals. 新高考外刊题组精练 65 By welcoming esports, schools can capitalize upon its organic growth and draw students away from uninteractive and inactive pastimes toward an activity that can instill (灌输) common values and principles. Among those values is that physical and mental activity and wellness is key to quality esports play. Just like any competitive pursuit, esports organizations have found that taking health and wellness seriously helps athletes be more competitive and lengthen their careers by reducing injuries and mental tiredness. Increasingly, they are using the same strategies as traditional sports: gym training, preventive stretching and testing to prevent against repetitive injuries, limiting training hours to fight against mental tiredness, and focusing on proper diet and sleep. 新高考外刊题组精练 66 Politicians and educators should take a page out of this__professional__playbook. Instead of merely building esports facilities and enabling on­screen practice, equal emphasis should be placed on promoting general health and wellness. National and local leaders must be ready to fight against risk of addiction by rolling out esports in a responsible manner and as part of an extracurricular experience that promotes balanced digital play through the search for best training time to improve individual or team skills. 篇章导读：本文是一篇议论文。文章讨论了学校应该负责任地推广电子竞技，确保其对学生的健康、社交有益。 篇章导读 新高考外刊题组精练 67 13．What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 2? A．Highlight Gen.G's training strategies. B．Encourage investment in esports clubs. C．Clarify the true nature of esports. D．Support video gaming development. 解析：推理判断题。第二段第一句“Using esports responsibly in schools depends on properly defining ‘esports’．”点明该段的主旨，在学校负责任地开展电竞活动取决于正确定义“电子竞技”；后续的解释也是围绕此句展开，因此，在该段中作者打算阐明电竞的真实本质。故选C。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 68 14．Which of the following matters the most about esports in schools? A．Gym facilities. B．Players' health. C．Training programs. D．Group dynamics. 解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Among those values is that physical and mental activity and wellness is key to quality esports play.”可知，电子竞技中参与者的身心活动健康最为关键。故选B。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 69 15．What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 4 refer to? A．Common values of esports. B．Competition rules of esports. C．Esports organizations' guidelines. D．Esports organizations' strategies. 解析：指代判断题。根据画线部分后的“Instead of merely ... health and wellness.”可知，作者建议政治家和教育工作者加强对促进整体健康的重视；再根据第三段中的“they are using the same strategies as traditional sports”可知，作者的建议与上文中电竞组织采用传统体育的策略类似，因此this professional playbook指电子竞技组织采用的策略。故选D。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 70 16．What is the main idea of the text? A．Schools are where esports might belong. B．Esports are facing challenges in schools. C．Esports should be introduced to schools responsibly. D．Schools should combine esports with traditional sports. 解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要谈论的是学校应该负责任地引入电子竞技。故选C。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 71 【词汇积累】 ①competitive adj. 有竞争力的；好胜的 ②enable v. 使能够，使可能 ③addiction n. 瘾；入迷，嗜好 ④capitalize upon/on 利用；从……中获利 新高考外刊题组精练 72 E(时间：8分钟) Tonight, our family was going out to play under the full moon. My husband Todd and I first started going on full moon walks for ourselves, as we needed these little doses of moonlight to stay happy, though sometimes we had to hike through the forest to find a perfect spot. But after we became parents, we did this for our children. We wanted to show Sierra and Bryce that it was not necessary to travel far from home to have an adventure and learn something new, and that there was much magic in the natural world, available to all. 新高考外刊题组精练 73 Once we arrived at our location, Sierra and I stood holding hands, waiting to cheer the full moon in its rising—a thin sliver of the appealing moon emerged above the ridge of the mountain afar. Soon, more of the moon came out until it turned into a brilliant orange sphere. Todd explained to Sierra and Bryce that the moon generates no light, but simply acts like a mirror, reflecting the sunlight back to us. “Does the moon's face change？” Bryce asked. I told him that the moon rotates (旋转) around the earth, but does not spin by itself, so the same side of the moon is always facing the earth. Sierra remarked that the moon looked larger and closer when it was rising. I explained that it is a visual illusion (错觉) because it is so close to the horizon that the moon magically tricks our eyes into comparing it with nearby objects, thus creating the impression of the increased size. 新高考外刊题组精练 74 Much of the knowledge that I shared with the kids was learned from my parents. During my childhood, they would take me on educational adventures out in the woods, and as I later found, so did their parents. So every time I go for a full moon walk with my beloved family, I thank those wise educators who came before me. To educate, sometimes all it takes is going outdoors and gazing up at the heavens. 篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者全家在满月时外出散步的经历，在月亮下作者和孩子们探讨了有关月球的知识，表达了大自然是最好的老师的道理。 篇章导读 新高考外刊题组精练 75 17．What does the underlined word “this” in Paragraph 2 refer to? A．Going on a hike through the forest. B．Taking a walk under the full moon. C．Watching magic shows every month. D．Traveling far from home for adventure. 解析：指代判断题。根据第二段中的“My husband Todd ... we did this for our children.”可知，作者和丈夫Todd (托德)最初开始进行满月散步是为了他们自己，但当了父母后，就为孩子们做这件事。由此可推知，画线词“this”指的是在满月时散步。故选B。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 76 18．What can we learn from their family outing? A．The kids were reluctant to participate. B．Todd mentioned the mirror to explain sunlight. C．The kids exhibited a spirit of exploration about the moon. D．The author used a magic trick to explain the larger moon. 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Todd explained to Sierra and Bryce ... Bryce asked.”及“Sierra remarked that the moon looked larger and closer when it was rising.”可知，孩子们和父母交流关于月球的知识，由此可推知，孩子们在这次外出活动中表现出对月球的探索精神。故选C。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 77 19．Which of the following best describes the parents? A．Creative and faithful. B．Selfless and brave. C．Inspiring and generous. D．Insightful and patient. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We wanted to show ... available to all.”可推知，这对父母有比较深刻的见解；根据第三段中的“‘Does the moon's face change？’ ... the earth.”及“I explained that ... the increased size.”可推知，这对父母是有耐心的。故选D。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 78 20．What does the story convey to the readers? A．Life is what you make it. B．Every cloud has a silver lining. C．Nature is the best teacher. D．God helps those who help themselves. 解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“We wanted to show ... available to all.”及最后一段“To educate ... at the heavens.(教育孩子时，有时候只需走出户外，抬头仰望天空。)”可推知，作者想要向读者传达“大自然是最好的老师”的道理。故选C。 答案 解析 新高考外刊题组精练 79 【词汇积累】 ①location n. 地点，位置 ②brilliant adj. 明亮的，鲜艳的；巧妙的，使人印象深的 ③reflect v. 反射；反映 ④remark v. 说起；谈论；评论 ⑤gaze up at 抬头看 新高考外刊题组精练 80 R $$