精品解析：山东省青岛市市北区2024-2025学年八年级上学期期末考试英语试题

八年级英语质量调研 （考试时间：100分钟；满分：90分） 说明：1. 本试题分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共五大题。第Ⅰ卷包含完型填空和阅读理解；第Ⅱ卷包含短文填空、阅读表达和书面表达。 2. 所有题目均在答题卡上作答，在试题上作答无效。 第Ⅰ卷（满分40分） Ⅰ. 完型填空（本题15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读文本，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A Dear Heidi, How’s your life in the Alps? My grandma ___1___ tells me that a good friendship is like treasure. I didn’t really ___2___ her words until you left. It always feels like you’re still here and that my room is full of your laughter. The doctor has been here many times. Last time he told me something about your grandfather, the field and the mountains in the Alps. How peaceful and interesting your life was! Here comes the good ___3___! Spring is coming soon. The doctor allows me to stay in a quiet village for a few weeks, ___4___ it will be better for my rehabilitation (康复) than staying at home. Then I can go to Switzerland to see you. I hope you can introduce me to your friend Peter. I believe it will be a(n) ___5___ trip! I’m really looking forward to it. Anyway, thank you for spending happy times with me and encouraging me all the time. Yours, Clara 1. A. never B. hardly C. yet D. always 2. A. understand B. forget C. change D. report 3. A. advice B. secret C. news D. note 4. A. or B. because C. but D. unless 5 A. dangerous B. exciting C. boring D. expensive 【答案】1. D 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B 【解析】 【导语】本文讲述了Clara给她的朋友Heidi写信的内容。信中提到Clara的奶奶常常告诉她友谊的珍贵，而Clara在Heidi离开后，才真正理解了这些话。 【1题详解】 句意：我的奶奶总是告诉我，真正的友谊像宝藏。 never从未；hardly几乎不；yet仍然；always总是。根据“that a good friendship is like treasure.”可知这句话是教育孩子的，奶奶“总是”告诉我这个道理，表示一种经常发生的情况，故选D。 【2题详解】 句意：直到你离开后，我才真正理解她的话。 understand理解；forget忘记；change改变；report报告。根据“It always feels like you’re still here and that my room is full of your laughter.”可知作者很怀念Heidi，可以推测出作者直到朋友离开后才真正理解奶奶的话，表示理解，故选A。 【3题详解】 句意：好消息来了！ advice建议；secret秘密；news消息；note便条。根据“Spring is coming soon. The doctor allows me to stay in a quiet village for a few weeks”可知这里是说“好消息”，故选C。 【4题详解】 句意：医生允许我待在一个安静的村庄几周，因为这对我的康复更好。 or或；because因为；but但是；unless除非。根据“The doctor allows me to stay in a quiet village for a few weeks,...it will be better for my rehabilitation(康复) than staying at home.”可知，前后为因果关系，医生建议待在村庄是为了康复，故选B。 【5题详解】 句意：我相信这将是一次激动人心的旅行！ dangerous危险的；exciting激动人心的；boring无聊的；expensive昂贵的。根据“I’m really looking forward to it.”可知，表示期待的一次旅行，令人激动。故选B。 B There is a special day in our village every year. ___6___ that day, people make apple pies and villagers taste all the pies and choose the ___7___. My grandma takes part in it every time and won the second place twice! This year was special because I made an apple pie with my grandma. In September, we practiced making the pie every Sunday, because we hoped our final pie would be the ___8___. Grandma taught me how to cut an apple into pieces of right sizes and make beautiful pies. After we put the pie into the ___9___, she and I would play games together. Sometimes we ___10___ her favorite radio, closed our eyes, and listened to music. As the delicious smell of the pie ___11___ the air, we felt wonderful. We always had a good time. However, my ___12___ classes came to an end soon, and thinking of it made me ___13___. I wanted more classes. Finally, the big day came. Grandma and I worked slowly and ___14___. This wasn’t a day for mistakes. We wanted to make sure we ___15___ every part of the recipe (食谱). In the end, our pie looked really wonderful. Later that afternoon, we knew the result. We were both happy to hear that our apple pie won the first place! 6. A. On B. In C. At D. For 7. A. shape B. winner C. team D. army 8. A. richest B. cheapest C. quietest D. best 9. A. oven B. blender C. spoon D. plate 10. A. dressed up B. turned on C. woke up D. looked for 11. A. cooled B. polluted C. filled D. cleaned 12. A. cooking B. singing C. dancing D. running 13. A. glad B. bored C. tired D. upset 14. A. differently B. carefully C. hardly D. loudly 15. A. forgot B. lost C. followed D. painted 【答案】6. A 7. B 8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. D 14. B 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了作者和奶奶练习做馅饼的过程。 【6题详解】 句意：在那一天，人们做苹果馅饼，村民们品尝所有的馅饼并选出获胜者。 On在，后接具体某一天；In在，接年，月、四季等；At在，接时间点；For持续，接时间段。根据空格后“that day”可知，具体的某一天之前要用时间介词on。故选A。 【7题详解】 句意：在那一天，人们做苹果馅饼，村民们品尝所有的馅饼并选出获胜者。 shape形状；winner胜利者；team团队；army军队。根据“people make apple pies and villagers taste all the pies and choose the…”可知，村民们品尝所有的馅饼是为了选出获胜者。故选B。 【8题详解】 句意：九月，我们每周日都练习做馅饼，因为我们希望最后的馅饼是最好的。 richest最富；cheapest最便宜的；quietest最安静的；best最好的。根据前半句“we practiced making the pie every Sunday”可知，每周日都练习做馅饼是希望最后的馅饼是最好的。故选D。 【9题详解】 句意：我们把馅饼放进烤箱后，她和我会一起玩游戏。 oven烤箱；blender搅拌机；spoon勺子；plate盘子。根据空格前“After we put the pie into the…”可知，此处指的是把馅饼放进烤箱。故选A。 【10题详解】 句意：有时我们打开她最喜欢的收音机，闭上眼睛，听音乐。 dressed up打扮；turned on打开；woke up醒来；looked for寻找。根据空格后“her favorite radio, closed our eyes, and listened to music.”可知，此处指的是打开收音机。故选B。 【11题详解】 句意：空气中充满馅饼的香味，我们感觉棒极了。 cooled冷却；polluted污染；filled充满；cleaned打扫。根据“the delicious smell of the pie…the air”可知，此处指的是空气中充满馅饼的香味。故选C。 【12题详解】 句意：然而，我的烹饪课很快就要结束了，想到这让我难过。 cooking烹饪；singing唱歌；dancing跳舞；running跑步。根据前文“we practiced making the pie every Sunday”以及“As the delicious smell of the pie…the air, we felt wonderful.”可知，此处指的是烹饪课很快就要结束了。故选A。 【13题详解】 句意：然而，我的烹饪课很快就要结束了，想到这让我难过。 glad开心的；bored无聊的；tired累的；upset难过的。根据前半句“my…classes came to an end soon”可知，此处指的是想到课程结束，作者感到难过。故选D。 【14题详解】 句意：奶奶和我慢慢地、小心地工作。 differently不同地；carefully小心地；hardly几乎不；loudly大声地。根据后文“This wasn’t a day for mistakes.”可知，此处应该表达奶奶和我慢慢地、小心地工作。故选B。 【15题详解】 句意：我们想确保我们遵循了食谱的每一个部分。 forgot忘记；lost丢失；followed遵照，跟随；painted绘画。根据空格后“every part of the recipe (食谱)”可知，此处指的是遵循了食谱的每一个部分。故选C。 Ⅱ. 阅读理解（本题20小题，A、B、C篇每小题1分，D篇每小题2分，共25分） 阅读文本，从文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A China is pretty successful in exploring (探索) space. We often see something about the following four astronauts on TV, in magazines, in newspapers or on the Internet. Do you want to know more about them? Name: Jing Haipeng Birthday: October 24th, 1966 Birth place: Yuncheng, Shanxi Experiences: * A flight crew member (飞行乘组成员) in Shenzho-7, Shenzhou-9, Shenzhou-11 and Shenzhou-16. * The first astronaut to work in both Tiangong I and II space labs. Name: Wang Yaping Time of birth: January, 1980 Birth place: Yantai, Shandong Experiences: * A flight crew member in Shenzhou-10 and Shenzhou-13. * The first Chinese woman ever to finish a spacewalk. * Giving space classes three times. Name: Nie Haisheng Birthday: October 13th, 1964 Birth place: Zaoyang, Hubei Experiences: * A flight crew member in Shenzhou-6, Shenzhou-10 and Shenzhou-12. * The first astronaut to work in space for 100 days. Name: Liu Yang Birthday: October 6th, 1978 Birth place: Zhengzhou Henan Experiences: * A flight crew member in Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-14. * The first Chinese woman astronaut in space. 16. Who has flown into space the most times according to the material? A. Jing Haipeng. B. Wang Yaping. C. Nie Haisheng. D. Liu Yang. 17. Where did Jing Haipeng and Liu Yang work together? A. In Shenzhou-6. B. In Shenzhou-7. C. In Shenzhou-9. D. In Shenzhou-11. 18. Which of the following is the right fact about Nie Haisheng? A. He was born in Shanxi. B. He is the oldest of the four. C. He is the first astronaut to work in the Tiangong I space laboratory. D. He gave space classes three times. 19. What can we know about these four astronauts? A. They were all born in October. B. All of them are still working in space. C. They all stayed in space for over 100 days. D. They all have wonderful space experiences. 20. In which part of a newspaper can we read the material? A. Sports. B. Music. C. People. D. Festivals. 【答案】16. A 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. C 【解析】 【导语】本文介绍了中国在航天领域取得的成就，列举了四位经常出现在媒体上的宇航员的个人信息和经历，包括他们参与的任务和贡献。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A flight crew member (飞行乘组成员) in Shenzho-7, Shenzhou-9, Shenzhou-11 and Shenzhou-16.” 可知，景海鹏参与过四次任务，是最多的。故选A。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据“A flight crew member (飞行乘组成员) in Shenzho-7, Shenzhou-9, Shenzhou-11 and Shenzhou-16.”以及“A flight crew member in Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-14.”可知，景海鹏和刘洋都参与了神舟九号任务。故选C。 【18题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Birthday: October 13th, 1964”可知，聂海胜是四人中年龄最大的。故选B。 【19题详解】 推理判断题。通读文章可知，文章中详细描述了他们各自的成就，由此可推断四位宇航员都有丰富的太空经历。故选D。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。通读文章可知，本文主要列举了四位经常出现在媒体上的宇航员的个人信息和经历，包括他们参与的任务和贡献。因此最可能在报纸中的“人物”板块看见。故选C。 B Computers can do lots of jobs. They can do math, keep information or play music. You can use a computer to write or to play games. What do you know about the history of computers? The first computers were very big. ▲ They were so big that people didn’t have them at home. Early computers could only do simple math, like calculators (计算器). In the1930s, Alan Turing had the idea for a computer that could be programmed to do different things. In 1958, Jack Kilby invented the microchip (发明微晶片). Microchips are very small but can keep lots of information. They helped make computers smaller. In the 1970s, computers were smaller and cheaper, so people started to use them at home. In the 1980s, computer games were very popular. Lots of people bought computers just to play games. In 1989, Sir Timothy Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. It is a computer system (系统) to organize information on the Internet. Now people all over the world can look for and share information on the Internet. Today people can use smartphones to play games, send emails and go online. In the past, a computer was the size of a room. Now it can go in your pocket! 21. Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2. A. Each one was the size of a room! B. That’s why people didn’t like them. C. They were still popular with people. D. Only rich people had money to buy them. 22. When did people start to use computers at home? A. In the 1930s. B. In the 1950s. C. In the 1970s. D. In the 1980s. 23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Today smartphones are more popular than computers. B. Jack Kilby’s invention helped make computers smaller. C. Alan Turing made early computers work like calculators. D. Sir Timothy Berners-Lee made computer games popular. 24. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A. ①//②③④⑤ B. ①②③④//⑤ C. ①②//③//④⑤ D. ①//②③④//⑤ 25 What’s the passage mainly about? A. The uses of computers. B. The history of computers. C. The good points of computers. D. The reasons for inventing computers. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 24. A 25. B 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了计算机的发展历程。 【21题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The first computers were very big.”可知，此处介绍计算器的体积很大，选项A“每个都有一个房间那么大！”此处最为合适。故选A。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In the 1970s, computers were smaller and cheaper, so people started to use them at home.”可知，二十世纪七十年代人们开始在家里使用计算机。故选C 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据“In 1958, Jack Kilby invented the microchip (发明微晶片). Microchips are very small but can keep lots of information. They helped make computers smaller.”可知，Jack Kilby发明了微晶片，这使得电脑变得更小，帮助了电脑小型化。故选B。 【24题详解】 篇章结构题。通读全文可知，第一段引入主题，二三四五段依次介绍计算机的历史发展，因此文章的结构为总分。故选A。 【25题详解】 主旨大意题。通读文章可知，本文主要介绍了计算机的发展历程。故选B。 C There was a new student in Carson’s school. That day at lunch, the new boy came and sat across from Carson. Carson said hi and asked him his name. The boy answered, “None of your business.” School was over and on his way home, Carson met the boy again. “Give me your homework,” said the boy. Carson replied, “No, that’s not right.” The boy pushed Carson to the ground and ran. Carson got home and came into the kitchen. His mom was preparing dinner. “What happened?” she asked. Carson told his mom what had happened. The next day, Carson’s mom told the teacher about what had happened. The teacher called the boy, Jack, to the office and asked, “Why did you do that?” Jack replied, “This is the third school I’ve been in. I show the students I’m a bad boy, so no one will bully (欺负) me.” The teacher said, “Well, have you ever thought that if you were just yourself and were friendly, the other kids would want to be your friends?” Jack thought for about two minutes and said he was very sorry. Carson’s mom invited Jack to their home for dinner. Carson told his mom that Jack was really nice but just had a hard time. “I’m glad you have a new friend,” said his mom. 26. What does the underlined part mean in Chinese? A. 我不知道。 B. 不关你的事。 C. 你先说吧。 D. 我是做生意的。 27. How did the boy feel when Carson refused to give him the homework? A. Angry. B. Glad. C. Excited. D. Bored. 28. What was Carson’s mom doing when he came home? A. She was talking on the phone. B. She was cooking. C. She was doing some washing. D. She was reading. 29. Why did Jack show others that he was a bad boy? A. Because he didn’t like this school. B. Because he hoped others would like him. C. Because he didn’t like Carson. D. Because he hoped no one would bully him. 30. What happened in the end? A. Jack left the school. B. Carson said sorry to Jack. C. Carson and Jack became friends. D. Carson went to a new school. 【答案】26. B 27. A 28. B 29. D 30. C 【解析】 【导语】本文主要讲述了Carson的新同学Jack刚开始时很不友好，还欺负Carson，后来经过校长的调解后，Jack意识到了自己的错误，并且和Carson成为了好朋友。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据“This is the third school I’ve been in. I show the students I’m a bad boy, so no one will bully (欺负) me.”可知，这个男孩从头到尾表现得自己是个坏孩子，由此推测，画线部分意为“不关你的事”，故选B。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据“The boy pushed Carson to the ground and ran.”可知，Carson拒绝把作业给这个男孩后，他把Carson推倒在地，由此推测，这个男孩不高兴，故选A。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据“Carson got home and came into the kitchen. His mom was preparing dinner.”可知，当Carson回到家时，他的妈妈正在做饭，故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据“This is the third school I’ve been in. I show the students I’m a bad boy, so no one will bully (欺负) me.”可知，Jack向别人展示他是个坏男孩，是因为他希望没有人欺负他，故选D。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据“I’m glad you have a new friend”可知，Carson和Jack成了朋友，故选C。 D 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Dear Sally, Thanks for your last letter. In it, you asked how teenagers should show love to their parents. Here is my advice that might help you. ____31____ Whether you use pencils or paints, it will be a great gift to them forever. It is showing your true love to them. ____32____ Sometimes words may be wonderful. Take your time to put your thoughts in it and show how much you love them. Keep your room clean. ____33____ Cook dinner for them. It can be some rice, some cheese or some salad, and it can let them take a break to taste the food. ____34____ Watch a film with your mom once in a while, or sometimes go to a sports match with your dad. Show them how much you care about and want to be with them. Tell them you love them very often. Your love can make them feel warm and proud! And it’s not so difficult as you think. ____35____ They will know you are sorry. You could do something for them to show you want to make it up to them. Just saying sorry can really show how much you love them. Yours, Linda A. Create time to be with them. B. Write a letter to them. C. Though it’s a kind of small and simple chore, it shows you are able to do something for them. D. Draw a picture for them. E. If you are really wrong, apologize (道歉) and give a reason for it! F. Never talk back to your parents. 【答案】31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. E 【解析】 【导语】本文是一封写给Sally的信，信中给出了一些青少年如何向父母表达爱的建议。 【31题详解】 根据“Whether you use pencils or paints, it will be a great gift to them forever.”可知，讲的是画画，选项D“画一幅画给他们。”符合语境，故选D。 【32题详解】 根据“Sometimes words may be wonderful. Take your time to put your thoughts in it and show how much you love them.”可知，这里与写信有关，选项B“给他们写封信。”符合语境，故选B。 【33题详解】 根据“Cook dinner for them. It can be some rice, some cheese or some salad,”可知，本段是讲述做家务，选项C“虽然这是一种小而简单的家务，但它表明你能为他们做一些事情。”符合语境，故选C。 【34题详解】 根据“Watch a film with your mom once in a while, or sometimes go to a sports match with your dad.”可知，本段谈的是抽时间与父母共处，选项A“抽时间和他们在一起。”符合语境，故选A。 【35题详解】 根据“You could do something for them to show you want to make it up to them. Just saying sorry can really show how much you love them.”可知，本段指做错事时应该道歉，选项E“如果你真的错了，道歉并且说明原因。”符合语境，故选E。 第Ⅱ卷（满分50分） Ⅲ. 短文填空（本题10小题, 每小题1. 5分， 共15分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或者括号内的提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Do you like mooncakes? Mooncakes are a kind of ___36___ (tradition) food of the Mid-Autumn Festival in China. They are round, like the full moon, and they stand for the idea of families coming together during this festival. Now, let me share some experiences of making mooncakes with my grandma. Our family usually ___37___ (get) together for the Mid-Autumn Festival when I was a young child. I still remember the happy times when my grandma taught us how ___38___ (make) mooncakes. We did what Grandma told us, and at the same time Grandpa told us old stories. Everyone was busy, but our faces were filled ___39___ happiness. After I grew up, my family moved to a city far away from my ___40___ (grandparent) home. When the Mid-Autumn Festival came, I could ___41___ (easy) find many different kinds of mooncakes in stores. ___42___, my grandma still asked us to make mooncakes instead of ___43___ (buy) them. She enjoyed this tradition because it gave us a valuable opportunity (珍贵的机会) to get together again. More importantly, she expected us to remember the hard times of the past. My grandparents left me many years ago. Now I have my own family. Some of us live different cities. But if we miss each other, we ___44___ (invite) families to return our hometown. We also enjoy making mooncakes. We all know the _____45_____ (mean) of mooncakes. They show our love for our family. 【答案】36. traditional 37. got 38. to make 39. with 40. grandparents’ 41. easily 42. However 43. buying 44. will invite 45. meaning 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了作者小时候过中秋节的经历。 【36题详解】 句意：月饼是中国中秋节的一种传统食品。根据“Mooncakes are a kind of...food of the Mid-Autumn Festival in China.”可知，此空修饰名词food，应用形容词形式。结合提示单词“tradition”，其形容词形式为“traditional”。故填traditional。 【37题详解】 句意：我小时候我们家人通常会在中秋节团聚。根据“when I was a young child.”可知，句子时态为一般现在时，动词使用过去式got。故填got。 【38题详解】 句意：我仍然记得奶奶教我们做月饼时的快乐时光。“how” 后面接动词不定式表示“如何去做”，固定搭配。故填to make。 【39题详解】 句意：句意：每个人都很忙，但我们的脸上都充满了幸福。“充满……”be filled with，固定搭配。故填with。 【40题详解】 句意：长大后，我的家人搬到了离我祖父母家很远的城市。根据句意可知，祖父母应使用名词所有格形式。所以“grandparent” 应为“grandparents'”。故填grandparents’。 【41题详解】 句意：中秋节来了，我可以很容易地在商店里找到各种各样的月饼。根据“I could...find many different kinds of mooncakes in stores.”可知，此处修饰动词find，应使用easy的副词形式easily。故填easily。 【42题详解】 句意：然而，奶奶还是让我们做月饼而不是买它们。根据“my grandma still asked us to make mooncakes instead of...them.”可知，前后之间存在转折关系，应使用转折词“However”。故填However。 【43题详解】 句意：然而，奶奶还是让我们做月饼而不是买它们。of为介词，后面应接动名词形式buying。故填buying。 【44题详解】 句意：但是如果我们想念对方，我们会邀请家人回家乡。根据“But if we miss each other, we...(invite) families to return our hometown.”可知，句子if引导的条件状语从句，时态要求为“主将从现”，主句中时态为一般将来时，结构为will do。故填will invite。 【45题详解】 句意：我们都知道月饼的意义。根据“We all know the...of mooncakes.”可知，此处应使用名词作宾语，mean的名词形式为meaning“意义”。故填meaning。 Ⅳ. 阅读表达（本题9小题，共20分） 阅读下面短文，完成46至50小题。（共10分） A Confucianism (儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years. To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants (五常). These are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin. They are general virtues (美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li. Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others” It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated). While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally speaking, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors. While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us. Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the duty that children have to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的) society: “Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.” 46. 回答问题: What are the most important of the Five Constants? ________________________________ 47. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 请用一句合适的古文翻译划线句子。 ________________________________ 48. List two examples of li ①________________ ② ________________ 49. 回答问题: What do you think of xiao? What will you do to show your “xiao”? ___________________________ 50. 回答问题: What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism? ________________________________ 【答案】46. Ren and li. 47. 己所不欲，勿施于人。 48. ①. The proper way to drink tea. ②. How to remember ancestors. 49. I think this is the duty that children have to their parents. I will help my mother do some chores at home. /Xiao is important for a harmonious society. /Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess. /Important. 50. The Five Constants (in Confucianism). /Ren, li and xiao. 【解析】 【导语】本文主要介绍了儒家思想，其中包括五常：仁、义、礼、智、信，这五常是世界的普遍美德，其中最重要的是仁和礼，文章也介绍了孝道。 【46题详解】 根据“The most important two are ren and li.”可知，其中最重要的是仁和礼。故填Ren and li. 【47题详解】 What you do not want done“你不想做的事”；to yourself“对你自己”；do not do“不要做”；to others“对别人”。故填：己所不欲，勿施于人。 【48题详解】 根据“In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors.”可知，礼包括正确的饮茶方式和如何记住祖先。故填The proper way to drink tea.；How to remember ancestors. 【49题详解】 开放性试题，言之有理即可，参考答案：I think this is the duty that children have to their parents. I will help my mother do some chores at home. /Xiao is important for a harmonious society. /Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess. /Important. 【50题详解】 通读全文可知，本文主要介绍了儒家思想，其中包括五常：仁、义、礼、智、信，这五常是世界的普遍美德，其中最重要的是仁和礼，文章也介绍了孝道。故填The Five Constants (in Confucianism). /Ren, li and xiao. B 阅读下面短文，完成1至4小题。 For a teenager, life can be a little hard, especially when you’re trying to spend a long day at school. To get good grades, it is important to use your time (A) effectively. The following advice may help you use your time more effectively. Use a notebook Keeping a notebook can help you better organize your time. At the start of each week, write down what you need to do. Try to think about how long it will take you to finish different tasks and make a weekly plan. Make sure you know what you can get done in one day. Putting everything down on paper will help you decide which tasks are more important than others. Break it down Think of one to five goals you’d like to reach during each school term. Then, break down each goal into smaller steps. (B) This will help you make your goals come true more quickly. At the same time, you won’t feel very tired. Stay away from procrastination (拖延症) Try not to put off tasks until the last minute. If you have a habit of finishing tasks on time, you will be halfway to success. This is very important in your everyday life. By following the advice, you can effectively use your time and get good grades in your studies. 51. Which can explain the meaning of (A) effectively in Paragraph one according to the text. Write down the letter of the option. A. certainly B. probably C. correctly 52. What does (B) this refer to? ___________________________ 53. Find the sentence that is similar to “You can find out which tasks are the most important by writing everything down on paper”. ___________________________ 54. 根据短文内容填空。 (每空限1个单词) If we want to get good grades, we should use our _____ well. At the start of each week, you can make a _____ for the week. Try to break down each goal into smaller _____ . And remember that you shouldn’t do the tasks _____ the last minute. 【答案】51. C 52. Breaking down each goal into smaller steps. 53. Putting everything down on paper will help you decide which tasks are more important than others. 54. ①. time ②. plan ③. steps ④. until 【解析】 【导语】本文就青少年如何有效利用时间提出三点建议：使用笔记本、把目标分解和远离拖延。 【51题详解】 根据“To get good grades, it is important to use your time effectively.”可知，想得到好成绩就要高效地利用时间，effectively“高效地”与correctly意思相近。故选C。 【52题详解】 根据“Then, break down each goal into smaller steps.”可知，此处this代指前文的“break down each goal into smaller steps. (将每个目标分解成更小的步骤。)”。故填Breaking down each goal into smaller steps. 【53题详解】 题目所给句释义为“你可以通过把所有事情都写在纸上来找出哪些任务是最重要的”，与文中“Putting everything down on paper will help you decide which tasks are more important than others.”意思相近。故填Putting everything down on paper will help you decide which tasks are more important than others. 【54题详解】 根据“To get good grades, it is important to use your time effectively.”可知，要得到好成绩就要充分利用时间，第一空填time“时间”；根据“At the start of each week, write down what you need to do. Try to think about how long it will take you to finish different tasks and make a weekly plan.”可知，在每一周刚开始的时候，可以指定一周的“计划”plan；根据“Then, break down each goal into smaller steps.”可知，可以把每个目标分成更小的“步骤”steps；根据“Try not to put off tasks until the last minute.”可知，不要到最后才去完成任务。故填time；plan；steps；until。 Ⅴ. 书面表达（15分） 55. “心中有梦，眼里有光，脚下有路，未来可期”。你一定有自己的梦想，心中设计了自己美好的未来，并为之不懈努力着。 请以 “My Future” 为题写一篇短文描述你的未来生活和梦想。 要求：1. 对未来的描述中包括你的职业、生活环境等，并说明构想的理由。 2. 为实现梦想的未来生活，你打算怎样做? （至少两条） 注意：1. 文中不能出现真实的人名和校名；2. 字数100词左右。 My future In the future, I will ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】例： My future In the future, I will be a doctor. Because I want to help people to keep healthy. I am good at looking after others. I think it’s a meaningful job and it will make me happy. In the future, I will live in my hometown, Qingdao. Because my parents and friends are all here. I will have a robot to help me to do the housework so I will have enough free time to relax after work. To have a good future, I will study hard and go to university to learn the medicine and how to care for others. I am going to read a lot to open my eyes and get more knowledge. I think my life in the future will be wonderful. 【解析】 【详解】[总体分析] ①题材：本文是一篇话题作文； ②时态：时态以“一般现在时”和“一般将来时”为主； ③提示：写作要点已给出，考生应注意不要遗漏提示，并适当添加细节，注意字母大小写以及标点符号。 [写作步骤] 第一步、描述自己未来的职业、生活环境等，并说明构想的理由； 第二步、介绍自己如何实现梦想中的未来生活。 [亮点词汇] ①in the future未来 ②keep healthy保持健康 ③be good at擅长 ④do the housework做家务 ⑤care for照顾 [高分句型] ①I think it’s a meaningful job and it will make me happy. (省略that的宾语从句) ②To have a good future, I will study hard and go to university to learn the medicine and how to care for others. (“疑问词+不定式”结构) 温馨提示：亲爱的同学，请认真检查，不要漏题哟！ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 八年级英语质量调研 （考试时间：100分钟；满分：90分） 说明：1. 本试题分为第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，共五大题。第Ⅰ卷包含完型填空和阅读理解；第Ⅱ卷包含短文填空、阅读表达和书面表达。 2. 所有题目均在答题卡上作答，在试题上作答无效。 第Ⅰ卷（满分40分） Ⅰ. 完型填空（本题15小题，每小题1分，共15分） 阅读文本，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 A Dear Heidi, How’s your life in the Alps? My grandma ___1___ tells me that a good friendship is like treasure. I didn’t really ___2___ her words until you left. It always feels like you’re still here and that my room is full of your laughter. The doctor has been here many times. Last time he told me something about your grandfather, the field and the mountains in the Alps. How peaceful and interesting your life was! Here comes the good ___3___! Spring is coming soon. The doctor allows me to stay in a quiet village for a few weeks, ___4___ it will be better for my rehabilitation (康复) than staying at home. Then I can go to Switzerland to see you. I hope you can introduce me to your friend Peter. I believe it will be a(n) ___5___ trip! I’m really looking forward to it. Anyway, thank you for spending happy times with me and encouraging me all the time. Yours, Clara 1. A. never B. hardly C. yet D. always 2. A. understand B. forget C. change D. report 3. A. advice B. secret C. news D. note 4. A. or B. because C. but D. unless 5. A. dangerous B. exciting C. boring D. expensive B There is a special day in our village every year. ___6___ that day, people make apple pies and villagers taste all the pies and choose the ___7___. My grandma takes part in it every time and won the second place twice! This year was special because I made an apple pie with my grandma. In September, we practiced making the pie every Sunday, because we hoped our final pie would be the ___8___. Grandma taught me how to cut an apple into pieces of right sizes and make beautiful pies. After we put the pie into the ___9___, she and I would play games together. Sometimes we ___10___ her favorite radio, closed our eyes, and listened to music. As the delicious smell of the pie ___11___ the air, we felt wonderful. We always had a good time. However, my ___12___ classes came to an end soon, and thinking of it made me ___13___. I wanted more classes. Finally, the big day came. Grandma and I worked slowly and ___14___. This wasn’t a day for mistakes. We wanted to make sure we ___15___ every part of the recipe (食谱). In the end, our pie looked really wonderful. Later that afternoon, we knew the result. We were both happy to hear that our apple pie won the first place! 6. A. On B. In C. At D. For 7. A. shape B. winner C. team D. army 8. A. richest B. cheapest C. quietest D. best 9. A. oven B. blender C. spoon D. plate 10. A. dressed up B. turned on C. woke up D. looked for 11. A. cooled B. polluted C. filled D. cleaned 12. A. cooking B. singing C. dancing D. running 13. A. glad B. bored C. tired D. upset 14. A. differently B. carefully C. hardly D. loudly 15. A. forgot B. lost C. followed D. painted Ⅱ. 阅读理解（本题20小题，A、B、C篇每小题1分，D篇每小题2分，共25分） 阅读文本，从文后所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。 A China is pretty successful in exploring (探索) space. We often see something about the following four astronauts on TV, in magazines, in newspapers or on the Internet. Do you want to know more about them? Name: Jing Haipeng Birthday: October 24th, 1966 Birth place: Yuncheng, Shanxi Experiences: * A flight crew member (飞行乘组成员) in Shenzho-7, Shenzhou-9, Shenzhou-11 and Shenzhou-16. * The first astronaut to work in both Tiangong I and II space labs. Name: Wang Yaping Time of birth: January, 1980 Birth place: Yantai, Shandong Experiences: * A flight crew member in Shenzhou-10 and Shenzhou-13. * The first Chinese woman ever to finish a spacewalk. * Giving space classes three times. Name: Nie Haisheng Birthday: October 13th, 1964 Birth place: Zaoyang, Hubei Experiences: * A flight crew member in Shenzhou-6, Shenzhou-10 and Shenzhou-12. * The first astronaut to work in space for 100 days. Name: Liu Yang Birthday: October 6th, 1978 Birth place: Zhengzhou, Henan Experiences: * A flight crew member in Shenzhou-9 and Shenzhou-14. * The first Chinese woman astronaut in space. 16. Who has flown into space the most times according to the material? A. Jing Haipeng. B. Wang Yaping. C. Nie Haisheng. D. Liu Yang. 17. Where did Jing Haipeng and Liu Yang work together? A. In Shenzhou-6. B. In Shenzhou-7. C. In Shenzhou-9. D. In Shenzhou-11. 18. Which of the following is the right fact about Nie Haisheng? A. He was born in Shanxi. B. He is the oldest of the four. C. He is the first astronaut to work in the Tiangong I space laboratory. D. He gave space classes three times. 19. What can we know about these four astronauts? A. They were all born in October. B. All of them are still working in space. C. They all stayed in space for over 100 days. D. They all have wonderful space experiences. 20. In which part of a newspaper can we read the material? A. Sports. B. Music. C. People. D. Festivals. B Computers can do lots of jobs. They can do math, keep information or play music. You can use a computer to write or to play games. What do you know about the history of computers? The first computers were very big. ▲ They were so big that people didn’t have them at home. Early computers could only do simple math, like calculators (计算器). In the1930s, Alan Turing had the idea for a computer that could be programmed to do different things. In 1958, Jack Kilby invented the microchip (发明微晶片). Microchips are very small but can keep lots of information. They helped make computers smaller. In the 1970s, computers were smaller and cheaper, so people started to use them at home. In the 1980s, computer games were very popular. Lots of people bought computers just to play games. In 1989, Sir Timothy Berners-Lee invented the World Wide Web. It is a computer system (系统) to organize information on the Internet. Now people all over the world can look for and share information on the Internet. Today people can use smartphones to play games, send emails and go online. In the past, a computer was the size of a room. Now it can go in your pocket! 21. Choose the best sentence to fill in the blank “ ▲ ” in Paragraph 2. A. Each one was the size of a room! B. That’s why people didn’t like them. C. They were still popular with people. D. Only rich people had money to buy them. 22. When did people start to use computers at home? A. In the 1930s. B. In the 1950s. C. In the 1970s. D. In the 1980s. 23. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage? A. Today smartphones are more popular than computers. B. Jack Kilby’s invention helped make computers smaller. C. Alan Turing made early computers work like calculators. D. Sir Timothy Berners-Lee made computer games popular. 24. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage? A ①//②③④⑤ B. ①②③④//⑤ C. ①②//③//④⑤ D. ①//②③④//⑤ 25. What’s the passage mainly about? A. The uses of computers. B. The history of computers. C. The good points of computers. D. The reasons for inventing computers. C There was a new student in Carson’s school. That day at lunch, the new boy came and sat across from Carson. Carson said hi and asked him his name. The boy answered, “None of your business.” School was over and on his way home, Carson met the boy again. “Give me your homework,” said the boy. Carson replied, “No, that’s not right.” The boy pushed Carson to the ground and ran. Carson got home and came into the kitchen. His mom was preparing dinner. “What happened?” she asked. Carson told his mom what had happened. The next day Carson’s mom told the teacher about what had happened. The teacher called the boy, Jack, to the office and asked, “Why did you do that?” Jack replied, “This is the third school I’ve been in. I show the students I’m a bad boy, so no one will bully (欺负) me.” The teacher said, “Well, have you ever thought that if you were just yourself and were friendly, the other kids would want to be your friends?” Jack thought for about two minutes and said he was very sorry. Carson’s mom invited Jack to their home for dinner. Carson told his mom that Jack was really nice but just had a hard time. “I’m glad you have a new friend,” said his mom. 26. What does the underlined part mean in Chinese? A. 我不知道。 B. 不关你的事。 C. 你先说吧。 D. 我是做生意的。 27. How did the boy feel when Carson refused to give him the homework? A. Angry. B. Glad. C. Excited. D. Bored. 28. What was Carson’s mom doing when he came home? A. She was talking on the phone. B. She was cooking. C. She was doing some washing. D. She was reading. 29. Why did Jack show others that he was a bad boy? A. Because he didn’t like this school. B. Because he hoped others would like him. C. Because he didn’t like Carson. D. Because he hoped no one would bully him. 30. What happened in the end? A. Jack left the school. B. Carson said sorry to Jack. C. Carson and Jack became friends. D. Carson went to a new school. D 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Dear Sally Thanks for your last letter. In it, you asked how teenagers should show love to their parents. Here is my advice that might help you. ____31____ Whether you use pencils or paints, it will be a great gift to them forever. It is showing your true love to them. ____32____ Sometimes words may be wonderful. Take your time to put your thoughts in it and show how much you love them. Keep your room clean. ____33____ Cook dinner for them. It can be some rice, some cheese or some salad, and it can let them take a break to taste the food. ____34____ Watch a film with your mom once in a while, or sometimes go to a sports match with your dad. Show them how much you care about and want to be with them. Tell them you love them very often. Your love can make them feel warm and proud! And it’s not so difficult as you think. ____35____ They will know you are sorry. You could do something for them to show you want to make it up to them. Just saying sorry can really show how much you love them. Yours, Linda A. Create time to be with them. B. Write a letter to them. C. Though it’s a kind of small and simple chore, it shows you are able to do something for them. D. Draw a picture for them. E. If you are really wrong, apologize (道歉) and give a reason for it! F. Never talk back to your parents. 第Ⅱ卷（满分50分） Ⅲ. 短文填空（本题10小题, 每小题1. 5分， 共15分） 阅读下面短文，根据上下文或者括号内的提示，用单词的正确形式填空。 Do you like mooncakes? Mooncakes are a kind of ___36___ (tradition) food of the Mid-Autumn Festival in China. They are round, like the full moon, and they stand for the idea of families coming together during this festival. Now, let me share some experiences of making mooncakes with my grandma. Our family usually ___37___ (get) together for the Mid-Autumn Festival when I was a young child. I still remember the happy times when my grandma taught us how ___38___ (make) mooncakes. We did what Grandma told us, and at the same time Grandpa told us old stories. Everyone was busy, but our faces were filled ___39___ happiness. After I grew up, my family moved to a city far away from my ___40___ (grandparent) home. When the Mid-Autumn Festival came, I could ___41___ (easy) find many different kinds of mooncakes in stores. ___42___, my grandma still asked us to make mooncakes instead of ___43___ (buy) them. She enjoyed this tradition because it gave us a valuable opportunity (珍贵的机会) to get together again. More importantly, she expected us to remember the hard times of the past. My grandparents left me many years ago. Now I have my own family. Some of us live different cities. But if we miss each other, we ___44___ (invite) families to return our hometown. We also enjoy making mooncakes. We all know the _____45_____ (mean) of mooncakes. They show our love for our family. Ⅳ. 阅读表达（本题9小题，共20分） 阅读下面短文，完成46至50小题。（共10分） A Confucianism (儒家思想) has been followed by Chinese people for more than two thousand years. To help people understand how to behave towards others, Confucianism teaches the Five Constants (五常). These are ren, yi, li, zhi and xin. They are general virtues (美德) around the world. The most important two are ren and li. Ren is the feeling of care and love we should have for others. Confucius explained ren could best be understood as loving others. He is famous for teaching people “What you do not want done to yourself, do not do to others” It is quite similar to what is known in the West as the Golden Rule (treat others as you wish to be treated). While the meaning of ren is easy to understand, li is a little harder to express. It can be thought of as duty or even respect. Generally speaking, li is the way we should connect with people in our everyday life. In Confucian writings, discussions about li include the proper way to drink tea and how to remember ancestors. While ren is mostly about our opinions and feelings, li is about how we express our opinions and feelings towards others and towards the world around us. Perhaps the most well-known Confucian virtue is xiao. This is the duty that children have to their parents. Xiao means loving, respecting, obeying and taking care of one’s parents in their old age. In Confucianism, xiao is important for a harmonious (和谐的) society: “Without it, the whole world would fall into a mess.” 46. 回答问题: What are the most important of the Five Constants? ________________________________ 47. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese. 请用一句合适的古文翻译划线句子。 ________________________________ 48. List two examples of li ①________________ ② ________________ 49. 回答问题: What do you think of xiao? What will you do to show your “xiao”? ___________________________ 50 回答问题: What does the passage mainly tell us about Confucianism? ________________________________ B 阅读下面短文，完成1至4小题。 For a teenager, life can be a little hard, especially when you’re trying to spend a long day at school. To get good grades, it is important to use your time (A) effectively. The following advice may help you use your time more effectively. Use a notebook Keeping a notebook can help you better organize your time. At the start of each week, write down what you need to do. Try to think about how long it will take you to finish different tasks and make a weekly plan. Make sure you know what you can get done in one day. Putting everything down on paper will help you decide which tasks are more important than others. Break it down Think of one to five goals you’d like to reach during each school term. Then, break down each goal into smaller steps. (B) This will help you make your goals come true more quickly. At the same time, you won’t feel very tired. Stay away from procrastination (拖延症) Try not to put off tasks until the last minute. If you have a habit of finishing tasks on time, you will be halfway to success. This is very important in your everyday life. By following the advice, you can effectively use your time and get good grades in your studies. 51. Which can explain the meaning of (A) effectively in Paragraph one according to the text. Write down the letter of the option. A certainly B. probably C. correctly 52. What does (B) this refer to? ___________________________ 53. Find the sentence that is similar to “You can find out which tasks are the most important by writing everything down on paper”. ___________________________ 54. 根据短文内容填空。 (每空限1个单词) If we want to get good grades, we should use our _____ well. At the start of each week, you can make a _____ for the week. Try to break down each goal into smaller _____ . And remember that you shouldn’t do the tasks _____ the last minute. Ⅴ. 书面表达（15分） 55. “心中有梦，眼里有光，脚下有路，未来可期”。你一定有自己的梦想，心中设计了自己美好的未来，并为之不懈努力着。 请以 “My Future” 为题写一篇短文描述你的未来生活和梦想。 要求：1. 对未来的描述中包括你的职业、生活环境等，并说明构想的理由。 2. 为实现梦想的未来生活，你打算怎样做? （至少两条） 注意：1. 文中不能出现真实的人名和校名；2. 字数100词左右。 My future In the future, I will ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 温馨提示：亲爱的同学，请认真检查，不要漏题哟！ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$