Welcome Unit Discovering Useful Structures课件-2024-2025学年高中英语人教版（2019）第一册

Members of a Sentence Discovering useful structures 1 名词（noun） 词类 （Parts of Speech） 冠词（article） 代词（pronoun） 数词（numeral） 形容词（adjective） 感叹词(interjection) 副词(adverb) 动词 （verb） 介词(preposition) 连词（conjunction） 2 What is a sentence？ 翻译并指出其语言单位名称 1. a heavy rain 2. in the class 3. a bird flying in the sky 一场大雨 名词短语 在教室 介词短语　 一只飞在空中的鸟 名词短语 3 4. mentally and physically healthy 5. see a film 6. Mr. Li will visit you at 2:00 p. m. 7. Stand up ！ 身心健康 形容词短语　 看电影 动词短语　 李先生下午两点会来拜访你。 句子　 站起来！ 句子 4 Conclusion 一个主谓结构就是一个句子。通常，主语和谓语是句子必不可少的两个组成部分，祈使句可省略主语。 5 1. During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular. 2. We often speak English in class. 3. To swim in the river is a great pleasure. 4. Smoking does harm to the health. 名词 代词 不定式短语 (to do) 动名词（V-ing) 主语（subject） https://m.weibo.cn/status/4242498094243684?sourceType=qq&from=1085295010&wm=20005_0002&featurecode=newtitle 6 subject 5. The rich should help the poor. 6. When we are going to have an English test has not been decided. 7. It is necessary to master a foreign language. 名词化的形容词 主语从句 it 为形式主语 7 主语（subject） 总结：主语可由名词、代词、不定式短语、动名词、名词化的形容词、主语从句和以it为形式主语。 8 谓语（verb） Children like playing games. 2. They were talking about a new film. 说明主语“做什么” “是什么” 或 “怎么样”。通常由动词或动词短语结合时态、语态、语气等充当。 vi./vt. 9 宾语（object） 宾语表示动作的对象或承受者，一般位于及物动词或介词后面。 10 object 1. They went to see an exhibition yesterday. 2. The heavy rain prevented me from coming to school on time. 3. -How many dictionaries do you have? -I have five. 4.They helped the old with their housework yesterday. 名词 代词 数词 名词化的形容词 11 object 5. He pretended not to see me. 6. I enjoy listening to popular music. 7. I think (that) he is fit for his office. 不定式短语(to do) 动名词（V-ing） 从句 提示： 双宾语（间宾+直宾） e.g. : Lend me your dictionary, please. 12 To / For give sb sth give sth to sb buy sb sth buy sth for sb offer sb sth offer sth to sb supply sb with sth provide sb with sth supply sth to sb provide sth for sb 宾语（object） Sum up: 宾语可由名词、代词、数词、名词化的形容词、不定式短语、动名词、从句等表示。 14 补语（complement） 用来补充说明主语或者宾语。 15 宾补（Object complement) 1. His father named him Daming. 2. They painted their boat white. 3. Let the fresh air in. 4. You shouldn’t force him to lend his money to you. 名词 形容词 副词 不定式 16 宾补 5. We saw her entering the room. 6. We found everything in the lab in good order. 7. We will soon make our city what your city is now. 现在分词 介词短语 名词性从句做补语 宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式短语、现在分词、介词短语、从句来担当。 某些及物动词，eg: make+宾语+宾补 17 补语 宾补 adj. We name the dog Obama. n. It made me happy. 非谓语动词(doing/ to do/ done) She ordered me to read. He made me cry. I caught him smoking. He found his hands tied to the tree when he woke up. 介词短语 I keep the room in order. 句子 用不带 to 的不定式作宾补的动词： 四看：see, watch, notice, observe（find，catch， spot） 三让：make, have, let 二听：hear,listen to 一觉：feel 宾补 表语（predicative） 用来表示主语的特征、状态、身份等，一般位于系动词之后，e.g. be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等之后。 20 表语（predicative） 用来表示主语的特征、状态、身份等，一般位于系动词之后，e.g. be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等之后。 21 predicative 1. Our teacher of English is an American. 2. Is it yours? 3. The weather has turned cold. 4. The speech is exciting. 名词 代词 形容词 动名词 22 5. His job is to teach English. 6. The machine must be out of order. 3. Time is up. The class is over. 4. The truth is that he has never been abroad. 不定式 介词短语 副词 从句 总结：表语常由名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动名词、不定式、从句来充当，它常位于系动词（be, become, appear, seem, look, sound, feel, get, smell等词）之后。 23 Linking verbs (系动词) 状态类 变化类 be seem; appear prove; turn out look; sound; smell; taste; feel become; turn; grow; go; get; come; fall remain; keep; stay; stand 感觉类 保持类 主语（subject） 句子基本成分 宾语（object） 定语（attribute） 状语(adverbial) 表语（predicative） 谓语（predicate） 补语（complement） 25 Sentence reading The baby is crying. I wrote a letter yesterday. The dish tastes delicious. He gave me a dictionary. Ms Yang asks us to be happy English learners. Sentence analysis The baby is crying. 主语 谓语 主谓句式（S + Vi.） Sentence analysis I wrote a letter yesterday. 主语 谓语 宾语 主谓宾句式（S + Vt. + O + A） 状语 Sentence analysis 主语 系动词 表语 主系表句式（S + LV + P） The dish tastes delicious. Sentence analysis 主语 谓语 宾语 主谓双宾语句式（S + V + O1 + O2） He gave me a dictionary. 宾语 Sentence analysis 主语 谓语 宾语 主谓宾补句式（S + V + O + C） 补语 Ms Yang asks us to be ...learners. Conclusion 1.主谓句式（S + Vi.） 2.主谓宾句式（S + Vt. + O） 3.主系表句式（S + LV + P） 4.主谓双宾语句式（S + V + O1 + O2） 5.主谓宾补句式（S + V + O + C） 判断下列句子的类型： I asked Joan to lend me a pen. He broke his leg just now. Leaves go yellow in autumn. I wasn’t listening. He made the visitor a cup of tea. I sent Alice a card. The silk feels soft. Practice $$