精品解析：甘肃省白银市靖远县甘肃省靖远县第一中学2024-2025学年高三下学期开学英语试题

高考模拟卷·英语 （120分钟 150分） 考生须知： 1.本卷侧重：高考评价体系之应用性。 2.本卷怎么考：①考查应对应用性素材的能力（阅读C）；②考查应对应用性设题的能力（题59）。 3.本卷典型情境题：阅读D；语言运用第一节。 4.本卷测试范围：高考全部内容。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What else is the woman reminded to wear? A. Gloves. B. Glasses. C. A mask. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman probably feel? A. Excited. B. Puzzled. C. Annoyed. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why was Linda absent from the party last night? A. She wasn’t invited. B. She doesn’t like parties. C. Her uncle came to visit her. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An exam. B. A book. C. A paper. 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What has the weather been like recently? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 7. What is the man’s advice to the woman? A. Checking her phone. B. Taking an umbrella. C. Asking her assistant. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What happened to the woman’s story? A. It was copied. B. It was stolen. C. It was lost. 9. Why does the man advise the woman to eat something? A. To cheer her up. B. To recall her story. C. To kill her time. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When will the man graduate? A. In a week. B. In three months. C. In a year. 11. What does the woman suggest the man do before graduation? A. Borrow some money. B. Get a part-time job. C. Keep studying. 12. What has the woman started doing? A. Looking for full-time jobs. B. Working as a teacher. C. Applying for jobs. 13. What does the man expect to do? A. To translate. B. To teach. C. To do engineering. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the man doing? A. Preparing for a meeting. B. Exercising. C. Cooking. 15. How does the woman feel about the man’s weight loss? A. Serious. B. Surprised. C. Hopeful. 16. How does the man go to work now? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By subway. 17. What will the man do to help the woman? A. Avoid junk food. B. Drive her everywhere. C. Lend her a book. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. 19. What is important to a good class according to the speaker? A. Interesting teaching methods. B. Students’ class performance. C. Teachers’ attitude toward it. 20. What can the listeners do if they are dissatisfied with the material? A. Pay 25 dollars for the service. B. Contact the speaker to change new ones. C. Keep the material and take their money back. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) facilities have the primary purpose of supporting MIT’s educational and research programs as well as serving the local community, the nation and the world. Access to the MIT Libraries is a privilege extended to the members of the MIT community of faculty, students, staff and their families. Visitors can access the libraries’ resources for scholarly, research and educational purposes. The MIT Libraries’ use policies are consistent with current MIT campus policies. Principles for Library Use Library users and staff will interact with mutual respect and consideration. Library users will · Respect private and Institute property · Obey all Institute and libraries’ policies, licensing and contractual agreements · Show valid(有效的) identification upon request · Use the MIT Libraries’ resources (content, equipment or facilities) safely and appropriately Prohibited Behaviors Behaviors that threaten personal safety or the security of personal or Institute property. Behaviors that disturb the activities of other library users or staff, including excessive(过度的) noise, cell phones, music and rudeness. Alcohol and smoking— as detailed in MIT’s Policy on Substance Use. The MIT Libraries may limit or refuse individuals or groups who fail to follow these guidelines. Interpretation of policies or guidelines is at the decision of the MIT Libraries’ staff. The General Hour Rules Weekdays: Libraries typically operate from early morning to late evening, with extended hours during examinations. Weekends: Reduced hours are offered, with generally later opening and earlier closing times. Special hours may apply during holidays, breaks and summer. Some libraries may close entirely, while others operate on limited schedules. Users are advised to consult the library website for the most current information on specific hours, closures and exceptions. 21. Why is the privilege of access to the MIT Libraries extended to staff families? A. To enlarge research field. B. To promote MIT’s academic pursuit. C. To connect with the local community. D. To offer better service as public resources. 22. What behavior would result in restricted access? A. Respecting private property. B. Using library resources for essays. C. Inquiring about checking out books. D. Enjoying music with speakers. 23. Which of the following belongs to the libraries’ hour rules? A. Earlier opening on weekends. B. Users should consult the library website on specific hours. C. Longer hours during exam sessions on weekdays. D. Staying open around the clock during holidays. B Traveling seemed like falsehood to me. I grew tired of backpackers expressing too much praise about how petting a baby elephant in Thailand “transformed” them. Globe-traveling to me held no more promise than finding a few bills in the pocket of an old coat. I needed something deeper than an Eat, Play, Love moment. One day, Vasilis, my Greek best friend, reminded me of our decade-old promise: After our final exams, I would visit his hometown in Athens. Maybe, it was time to make good on that promise. I finally boarded the plane. Vasilis picked me up at the airport. I smiled, thinking how improbable this moment seemed all those years ago. The decade-long wait proved to be well worth it. Every step through the ancient streets revealed new wonders. However, none of them truly mattered. What would forever alter my perception of travel was a chance encounter with a local. Vasilis and I were wandering Athens when a special sound caught our attention — a rhythmic clinking disturbing the quietness of the residential street. Curiously, we followed the sound to a humble workshop. Inside, a welder (焊工) gave no mind to our presence behind him. He wore no flashy protective suit — this was just another day for him, another dance with fire and metal that had become second nature. Under the sunshade, his orange cat rested in the comforting warmth. As the man continued welding, I felt a bit of envy. I envied his peace and contentment. I admired the simplicity he embodied. I imagined the welder happy, finding fulfillment in his craft and returning to his loving family. The moment moved me to tears. Leaving the workshop, rain blending with tears, I realized how easily life’s poetry could pass unnoticed. Home again in Montreal, I stop simply pursuing better things, better experiences and better people that are never grasped. I realize the real journey is inward — to appreciate life’s ordinary magic. That surely beats petting any baby elephant. I may not have returned home “transformed”, but I’ll always think of the welder and his cat. 24. Why did the author feel uneasy when it came to traveling? A. For her shortage of adequate funds. B. For her discomfort about dietary habits. C. For the danger of petting baby animals. D. For the overstatement of travel’s effects. 25. What caused the author to go to Athens? A. Meeting a commitment. B. Exploring the unique landscape. C. Receiving further education. D. Escaping from the current life. 26. What does the underlined word “poetry” in paragraph 5 probably refer to? A. Ordinary magic. B. Petting a baby elephant. C. Spirit of craftsmanship. D. Rain mixing with tears. 27. What does the author want to tell us? A. True friendship lasts forever. B. Globe-traveling shapes a better self. C The ordinary makes extraordinary. D. The pursuit of happiness never stops. C University of Delaware researcher Jing Gao, and his colleague Melissa Bukovsky investigated how changes in urban land and population will affect future populations’ exposure to weather extremes under climate conditions at the end of the 21st century. The researchers looked at urban areas across the continental United States, including cities large and small, with various development densities and in different climate regions. They used a data-driven model developed by Gao to predict how urban areas across the country will grow by 2100, based on development trends observed over the past 40 years. The research team considered how these urban land changes might affect weather extremes. They then analyzed how many people would be exposed to these extremes under different climate and urban development conditions at the end of the century. The research team’s simulations showed that at the end of the 21st century, how a city is laid out or organized spatially, often called an urban land pattern, has the potential to reduce populations’ exposure to future weather extremes, even for heat waves under very high urban expansion rates. These findings differ from current common perceptions. For example, existing literature in this area has almost exclusively focused on limiting the amount of urban land development, Gao said. In contrast, the new findings from this research encourage researchers and practitioners from a wide range of related fields to reconsider how cities are designed and built so that they can be in harmony with their regional natural surroundings and more resilient (有适应力的) to potential climate risks over the long run. The researchers are working to identify specific characteristics about the spatial arrangement of a city that can make it more — or less — resilient to future weather extremes. Identifying these patterns can help guide development that is more sustainable in the face of increasing instances of extreme weather. Through their efforts, the research team hopes to provide practical suggestions for how to design and build urban areas that reduce their residents’ exposure to weather extremes in the long run. 28. What is the data-driven model based on? A. Weather extremes. B. Development trends. C. Current common perceptions. D. Harmony with nature. 29. What has present literature primarily focused on regarding urban development? A. Enhancing urban service. B. Optimizing urban layout. C. Dividing urban areas into small sections. D. Restricting the urban land development. 30. Why do the researchers stress the spatial layout of a city? A. To avoid heat waves in the future. B. To promote its economic growth. C. To transform its cultural development. D. To protect residents from future weather extremes. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Predicting urban development B. Assessing future weather extremes C. Designing cities for 21st-century weather D. Analyzing specific characteristics of future cities D Social robots are increasingly becoming part of daily life. A key aspect of their design is their ability to interact with humans comfortably. This includes their mode of communication. However, some questions arise: Should these robots use a familiar accent or dialect, or should they stick to a standard language? To test the impact of dialect use on robot acceptance, the scientists invited 120 people living in Berlin or Brandenburg to take an online survey. They asked participants to watch videos in which a robot using a ma le human voice spoke in either standard German or the Berlin dialect, which is considered working-class and is sometimes used by media to give an informal, friendly impression. The scientists asked participants to rate the robot’s trustworthiness and competence, and to fill out a demographic questionnaire including age, gender, how long they’d lived in Berlin, how well they spoke the Berlin dialect, and how often they used it. The survey automatically recorded the type of device that participants used to view the videos — a phone, a tablet or a computer. There was a clear link between trustworthiness and competence, with higher perceived competence predicting higher perceived trustworthiness. In general, the respondents preferred a robot speaking standard German. However, respondents who were more comfortable with the Berlin dialect preferred the robot speaking dialect. The scientists pointed out that speaking or understanding a dialect can be part of an in-group identity, allowing the robots to take advantage of in-group bias (偏见): People tend to prefer robots that are somehow like them. Interestingly, respondents who were using a phone or tablet rather than a computer to view the videos also tended to give lower ratings to the robot speaking standard German. The scientists speculated that this may be because small, portable devices meant the respondents had more distractions from the videos and a higher cognitive load, so the trust signal of the standard German had less of an impact. 32. Why did the scientists conduct an online survey? A. To test the social robots’ acceptance. B. To investigate the customers’ consuming habits. C. To promote social robots in working class. D. To check the influence of dialect use on robot acceptance. 33. How many aspects are included in the questionnaire? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 34. What can we infer from paragraph 3? A. Dialects become an in-group bias. B. Social robots will regulate their languages. C. Identity plays a role in social robots’ communication. D. The respondents prefer to accept the Berlin dialect. 35. What did the scientists think of the respondents’ ratings by watching the videos through a computer? A Trustworthy. B. Contradictory. C. Formal. D. Specific. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Waking up at the crack of dawn and going for a run might feel awful when you start trying to make it a habit. Weaving a significant new activity such as this into your regular routine obviously takes determination and time. ____36____ One popular idea suggests that it takes 21 days to solidify a habit. People tend to feel extra motivated to start a new habit or kick an old one. ____37____ Yet every January 21 very few people can boast that they have kept their resolutions. Everyone has a unique habit-building timeline. ____38____ Experts suggest various individualized ways to practice frequently, which eventually turn a task into an unconscious habit. ____39____ Teaching yourself a completely new skill or process obviously takes longer than remembering to drink more water in the morning. Recently, some researchers conducted a study that used machine learning to determine the time needed for habit-building. The results showed that creating a hand-washing habit took a few weeks. ____40____ Anyway, hand-washing is less complex and offers more opportunities to practice. The researchers also suggested that habit formation depends on the effort that a person puts into practicing an activity and on the presence of environmental cues that would remind them to carry out the behavior. A. The type of activity is also a factor. B. Many people want to form a habit of exercising. C. How can people form a habit without much effort? D. But how much time is really needed to make that habit stick? E. It might sound easily reachable to make a resolution on New Year’s Day. F. By comparison, it took half a year for people to develop an exercise habit. G. However long it is for any individual, repetition is the key to making it work. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building. As a crane (塔吊) ____41____ working on a construction site, Edwards ____42____ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ____43____ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin, and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ____44____. However his attempt to ____45____ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each gust (阵) of wind ____46____ to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. Despite the great ____47____, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ____48____ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ____49____ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ____50____ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hovered (悬停) just inches from the edge of the ____51____ . With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage. Eventually, Edwards watched the cage lifting the man away from the ____52____ fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ____53____ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ____54____ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong determination had made all the ____55____ between life and death in the face of disaster. 41. A. engineer B. cleaner C. operator D. salesman 42. A. regularly B. unfortunately C. intentionally D. unexpectedly 43. A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided 44. A. escape B. hide C. walk D. slide 45. A. repair B. position C. cover D. open 46. A. resisted B. ceased C. threatened D. restricted 47. A. challenges B. functions C. power D. patience 48 A. switch B. maintain C. lose D. give 49. A. instructions B. promises C. explanations D. courses 50. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated 51. A. rock B. platform C. crane D. roof 52. A. electric B. horrible C. soft D. dark 53. A. went through B. put on C. asked for D. broke into 54 A. displayed B. admired C. exchanged D. required 55. A. preference B. response C. extent D. difference 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Visitors get an inside look into Wuzhen’s culture that has stood the test of time when they walk through the Former Residence of Mao Dun—____56____ famous Chinese writer, Lin’s Shop, Xiuzhen Temple, the Stage, Shadow Playhouse, and Yu Liuliang’s Coins Museum. The Former Residence of Mao Dun, ____57____ real name was Shen Yanbing (1896-1981), is also the house of the Shen ancestors. It ____58____ (build) in the middle of the 19th century in the style of the Qing Dynasty and is ____59____ (type) of folk houses south of the Yangtze River. In this residence ____60____ (be) a study designed by Mao Dun himself and pelargonium and palm trees that he planted. Shadow Play, a type of puppetry, was introduced to Wuzhen during the Southern Song Dynasty(1127-1279). By the late 1930s and early 1940s, 12 Shadow Play Troupes were ____61____ (frequent) performing in towns and villages. Today, there is a ____62____ (perform) every day at Shadow Playhouse. The shadow puppets are made of ox or goat skin. The exquisite semi-transparent figures are made and painted ____63____ hand. Their joints are linked by thread for maximum movement. Puppeteers move their puppets to music ____64____ (play) on traditional instruments such as the drum, gong, erhu, jinghu used mainly ____65____ (accompany) Beijing opera singing, suona horn and bamboo flute. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你注意到外教 Mr Smith 在上课时使用的视频资料常常与课程内容不符。请你给Mr Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： (1)阐述情况； (2)提出你的看法。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Smith, I’m Li Hua from Class 2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright Saturday morning. Lucy awoke with the sun, her heart pounding with anticipation. Today was the day her father, Jack, was taking her on a hiking adventure in the mountain. Lucy had always been captivated by the great outdoors, and hiking with her father was one of her favorite pastimes. She dressed quickly in her favorite hiking gear, picked up the backpack she had packed the night before, and stepped out to wait on the porch. The sight of her father’s old blue truck coming up the driveway filled her with joy and excitement. Father Jack stepped out, his eyes twinkling as he greeted Lucy. “All set for an adventure?” he asked. “Absolutely!” Lucy replied, her face beaming with joy. Just then, he added, “But be warned, there’s been talk of a bear in the area we’re hiking today.” Lucy’s eyes widened in surprise, but then Jack’s laughter broke the tension. “You should have seen your face,” he chuckled, and Lucy joined in, knowing her father’s playful nature. “Let’s grab some breakfast first,” Jack suggested, and they headed to a cafe known for its pancakes. After a hearty breakfast, they arrived at the trailhead (小道的起点) of Blue Ridge Mountain. “Lace up those boots tight,” Jack instructed, and Lucy followed suit, her hands skillfully securing each knot. They set off, the crisp mountain air fueling their spirits. As they walked along the winding path, Lucy’s excitement got the better of her, and she hurried ahead, eager to reach the summit. Her father called out words of caution, but Lucy was caught up in the thrill of the climb. Suddenly, her foot slipped on a loose rock, and she tumbled down a small incline (斜坡). Bruised but determined, she dusted herself off and continued, more carefully. The father and daughter reached a scenic viewpoint, and Jack pointed out various landmarks, sharing stories of the area’s history. They took a moment to rest, drinking water and enjoying the panoramic view. Half an hour later, they started to walk down the mountain. As they were going downhill, Lucy heard something unusual. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 She stopped, heart pounding, and looked down to see a snake moving away from her path. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Arriving at the trailhead again, Lucy felt both relieved and proud. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 高考模拟卷·英语 （120分钟 150分） 考生须知： 1.本卷侧重：高考评价体系之应用性。 2.本卷怎么考：①考查应对应用性素材的能力（阅读C）；②考查应对应用性设题的能力（题59）。 3.本卷典型情境题：阅读D；语言运用第一节。 4.本卷测试范围：高考全部内容。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What else is the woman reminded to wear? A. Gloves. B. Glasses. C. A mask. 【答案】A 【解析】 【原文】M: The picture is of great value, so work with care. Haven’t you got your gloves? W: I have worn glasses, masks and a white overall. Do I have to wear them? M: Of course. Protective clothing, including gloves, glasses and masks, is required. 2. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Strangers. C. Teacher and student. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】M: Excuse me, I’m new here. Is there a flower shop near here? W: Yes, just go along this road and you’ll find one in 5 minutes. 3. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 How does the woman probably feel? A. Excited. B. Puzzled. C. Annoyed. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Can’t you stop checking emails? We are on holiday! M: Okay! One more minute. I’m turning it off. 4. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 Why was Linda absent from the party last night? A. She wasn’t invited. B. She doesn’t like parties. C. Her uncle came to visit her. 【答案】B 【解析】 【原文】W: Tom, did you have a good time at your uncle’s last night? M: Yes, I did. It was a great party. Everyone had a great time. W: Did you see Linda there? M: No. She isn’t interested in that. She went to see a movie instead. 5. 【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. An exam. B. A book. C. A paper. 【答案】C 【解析】 【原文】W: Dad, I just finished my paper. Can you read it before I hand it in to Mr Thompson? M: Sure, let me take a look. Sweetie, this is terrific. Have you thought of getting it published? 第二节 （共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的 A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 6. What has the weather been like recently? A. Cloudy. B. Rainy. C. Sunny. 7. What is the man’s advice to the woman? A. Checking her phone. B. Taking an umbrella. C. Asking her assistant. 【答案】6 A 7. B 【解析】 【原文】W: I wonder if I’ll need my umbrella today. M: Yeah, it doesn’t look very nice out there, does it? W: True. But it’s been cloudy like this for days, yet it’s stayed dry. M: What does the weather report say? W: Not much. I asked my phone’s virtual assistant, but it just said, “It may rain today. There’s a 51% chance at 10:00 am.” M: Ha-ha! You’d better take one anyway. Better to be prepared. W: Good point. And I guess I can take one. It’s small. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 8. What happened to the woman’s story? A. It was copied. B. It was stolen. C. It was lost. 9. Why does the man advise the woman to eat something? A. To cheer her up. B. To recall her story. C. To kill her time. 【答案】8. C 9. A 【解析】 【原文】W: I can’t believe it. I’ve lost my whole story. M: What’s happened? W: All of a sudden, my screen went black. When it came back on, there was nothing there. I spent all morning writing that story. M: Did you save it as you went along? W: I thought I did, but the computer saves things itself, doesn’t it? M: I don’t trust that. Have a look to see if there’s a copy on your back-up. W: There’s nothing there. I checked. M: Oh dear. W: Well, that’s it. A whole morning has been wasted. I’ll just have to do the whole thing again. M: How annoying! It has happened to me before. Come on. Let’s go to lunch. You might feel better after eating something. W: OK. I have no better choice. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 10. When will the man graduate? A. In a week. B. In three months. C. In a year. 11. What does the woman suggest the man do before graduation? A. Borrow some money. B. Get a part-time job. C. Keep studying. 12. What has the woman started doing? A. Looking for full-time jobs. B. Working as a teacher. C. Applying for jobs. 13. What does the man expect to do? A. To translate. B. To teach. C. To do engineering. 【答案】10. B 11. B 12. A 13. C 【解析】 【原文】M: I really do need some money. I never seem to have anything these days. W: Have you ever thought about getting a job? M: Not until my graduation. But I’ll have to wait for three months. I need money this week. W: Maybe some kind of part-time job? Before that, you could borrow something, but I wouldn’t advise that. M: I suppose you’re right. I should look for a part-time job. W: I’ve already begun looking for full-time jobs. M: Maybe I should be doing that as well. Have you been invited for any interviews? W: I haven’t actually applied anywhere yet. I’ve just looked at what kind of job is being offered. M: What are you thinking of doing? W: I’d like to be a translator. But maybe a teacher if I fail that. How about you? M: For my career, I want to do engineering. 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 14. What is the man doing? A. Preparing for a meeting. B. Exercising. C. Cooking. 15. How does the woman feel about the man’s weight loss? A. Serious. B. Surprised. C. Hopeful. 16. How does the man go to work now? A. By bike. B. By bus. C. By subway. 17. What will the man do to help the woman? A. Avoid junk food. B. Drive her everywhere. C. Lend her a book. 【答案】14. C 15. B 16. A 17. C 【解析】 【原文】W: That smells good. What are you making? M: My breakfast for tomorrow. W: But it’s almost dinner time! M: Well, I’ve got a very early start tomorrow morning. W: What are you going to do? M: I’ve got a meeting at my company’s head office. If I don’t prepare, I know I’ll end up eating something unhealthy at the train station. I’ve also made a salad to take with me for lunch. W: Wow, I’ve never known you to be this organized! You’re very serious about losing weight, aren’t you? M: I am. And I’m happy to say it’s working! W: Oh, really? M: Yes, I’ve lost six kilos since I started at the beginning of the year. I weighed 95 kilos when I started in January. W: That’s amazing... and in only four months! Have you been exercising too? M: Yes. I used to take the bus to work, and now I ride a bike instead. W: That’s really great. Maybe I should try to learn from you! M: You don’t need to lose any weight! W: I may be slim, but I eat way too much junk food. And I drive everywhere, even when it would be easy to walk. M: Well, I can lend you the book that inspired me. W: That would be great! Thanks. 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。【此处可播放相关音频，请去附件查看】 18. Who is the speaker talking to? A. Students. B. Teachers. C. Parents. 19. What is important to a good class according to the speaker? A. Interesting teaching methods. B. Students’ class performance. C. Teachers’ attitude toward it. 20. What can the listeners do if they are dissatisfied with the material? A. Pay 25 dollars for the service. B. Contact the speaker to change new ones. C. Keep the material and take their money back. 【答案】18. B 19. A 20. C 【解析】 【原文】 W: Hello and welcome! My name is Shelley Ann Vernon and I am glad that you want to find out more about teaching English through games. Right here you will find ways to get great results in the classroom for children aged 4 to 12. Ways that from my experience will bring more success and joy into the lives of the children you teach. You’ll learn how to make your serious classes fun, how to ensure everyone gets better grades, how to help stimulate the brighter kids while nurturing the slower ones, and how to associate fun with learning by teaching vocabulary and grammar through language games. Earn even more appreciation, love and respect from your students and their parents for your teaching. The games presented here work for ESL (English as a Second Language) pupils aged 4 to 12. These games are the most suitable for beginners to intermediate students. Click here to order now with our secure server. Remember, if you are not satisfied, just let us know and we will give your money back to you. You still get to keep the material for free. That’s a rare time-saving gain, plus a value of 25 dollars. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) facilities have the primary purpose of supporting MIT’s educational and research programs as well as serving the local community, the nation and the world. Access to the MIT Libraries is a privilege extended to the members of the MIT community of faculty, students, staff and their families. Visitors can access the libraries’ resources for scholarly, research and educational purposes. The MIT Libraries’ use policies are consistent with current MIT campus policies. Principles for Library Use Library users and staff will interact with mutual respect and consideration. Library users will · Respect private and Institute property · Obey all Institute and libraries’ policies, licensing and contractual agreements · Show valid(有效的) identification upon request · Use the MIT Libraries’ resources (content, equipment or facilities) safely and appropriately Prohibited Behaviors Behaviors that threaten personal safety or the security of personal or Institute property. Behaviors that disturb the activities of other library users or staff, including excessive(过度的) noise, cell phones, music and rudeness. Alcohol and smoking— as detailed in MIT’s Policy on Substance Use. The MIT Libraries may limit or refuse individuals or groups who fail to follow these guidelines. Interpretation of policies or guidelines is at the decision of the MIT Libraries’ staff. The General Hour Rules Weekdays: Libraries typically operate from early morning to late evening, with extended hours during examinations. Weekends: Reduced hours are offered, with generally later opening and earlier closing times. Special hours may apply during holidays, breaks and summer. Some libraries may close entirely, while others operate on limited schedules. Users are advised to consult the library website for the most current information on specific hours, closures and exceptions. 21. Why is the privilege of access to the MIT Libraries extended to staff families? A. To enlarge research field. B. To promote MIT’s academic pursuit. C. To connect with the local community. D. To offer better service as public resources. 22 What behavior would result in restricted access? A. Respecting private property. B. Using library resources for essays. C. Inquiring about checking out books. D. Enjoying music with speakers. 23. Which of the following belongs to the libraries’ hour rules? A. Earlier opening on weekends. B. Users should consult the library website on specific hours. C. Longer hours during exam sessions on weekdays. D. Staying open around the clock during holidays. 【答案】21. D 22. D 23. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。本文介绍 MIT 图书馆，特权向教职工等及其家属开放以促学术，阐述使用原则、禁行行为与开放时间规则。 【21题详解】 推理判断题：根据第一段首句“The Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) facilities have the primary purpose of supporting MIT’s educational and research programs as well as serving the local community, the nation and the world.(麻省理工学院（MIT）的设施主要目的是支持麻省理工学院的教育和研究项目，同时服务于当地社区、国家和世界。)”可知，MIT的设施包括图书馆资源，将访问图书馆的特权延伸至员工家属，是为了更广泛地服务社会，如同公共资源般提供更好服务。故选D项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Prohibited Behaviors部分第二点“Behaviors that disturb the activities of other library users or staff, including excessive (过度的) noise, cell phones, music and rudeness.(干扰其他图书馆用户或工作人员活动的行为，包括过度噪音、手机、音乐和粗鲁行为。)”可知，用扬声器播放音乐属于干扰他人的行为，会导致访问受限。故选D项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题：根据The General Hour Rules部分第一段第二句“Weekdays: Libraries typically operate from early morning to late evening, with extended hours during examinations.(工作日：图书馆通常从清晨开放到深夜，考试期间延长开放时间。)”可知，工作日考试期间图书馆开放时间更长。故选C项。 B Traveling seemed like falsehood to me. I grew tired of backpackers expressing too much praise about how petting a baby elephant in Thailand “transformed” them. Globe-traveling to me held no more promise than finding a few bills in the pocket of an old coat. I needed something deeper than an Eat, Play, Love moment. One day, Vasilis, my Greek best friend, reminded me of our decade-old promise: After our final exams, I would visit his hometown in Athens. Maybe, it was time to make good on that promise. I finally boarded the plane. Vasilis picked me up at the airport. I smiled, thinking how improbable this moment seemed all those years ago. The decade-long wait proved to be well worth it. Every step through the ancient streets revealed new wonders. However, none of them truly mattered. What would forever alter my perception of travel was a chance encounter with a local. Vasilis and I were wandering Athens when a special sound caught our attention — a rhythmic clinking disturbing the quietness of the residential street. Curiously, we followed the sound to a humble workshop. Inside, a welder (焊工) gave no mind to our presence behind him. He wore no flashy protective suit — this was just another day for him, another dance with fire and metal that had become second nature. Under the sunshade, his orange cat rested in the comforting warmth. As the man continued welding, I felt a bit of envy. I envied his peace and contentment. I admired the simplicity he embodied. I imagined the welder happy, finding fulfillment in his craft and returning to his loving family. The moment moved me to tears. Leaving the workshop, rain blending with tears, I realized how easily life’s poetry could pass unnoticed. Home again in Montreal, I stop simply pursuing better things, better experiences and better people that are never grasped. I realize the real journey is inward — to appreciate life’s ordinary magic. That surely beats petting any baby elephant. I may not have returned home “transformed”, but I’ll always think of the welder and his cat. 24. Why did the author feel uneasy when it came to traveling? A. For her shortage of adequate funds. B. For her discomfort about dietary habits. C. For the danger of petting baby animals. D. For the overstatement of travel’s effects. 25. What caused the author to go to Athens? A. Meeting a commitment. B. Exploring the unique landscape. C. Receiving further education. D. Escaping from the current life. 26. What does the underlined word “poetry” in paragraph 5 probably refer to? A. Ordinary magic. B. Petting a baby elephant. C. Spirit of craftsmanship. D. Rain mixing with tears. 27. What does the author want to tell us? A. True friendship lasts forever. B. Globe-traveling shapes a better self. C The ordinary makes extraordinary. D. The pursuit of happiness never stops. 【答案】24. D 25. A 26. A 27. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。本文讲述了作者对旅行的深刻反思，从最初对旅行改变人生的夸张说法感到厌倦，到在希腊雅典一次偶遇当地焊工的经历中，感悟到生活中平凡之美的诗意与满足，从而意识到真正的旅程是向内寻找，珍惜生活中的平凡奇迹。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Traveling seemed like falsehood to me. I grew tired of backpackers expressing too much praise about how petting a baby elephant in Thailand “transformed” them.(旅行对我来说就像是谎言。我已经厌倦了背包客们对在泰国抚摸小象如何“改变”了他们的赞不绝口)”可知，作者对旅行者过度赞美旅行带来的好处感到厌烦。故选D。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“One day, Vasilis, my Greek best friend, reminded me of our decade-old promise: After our final exams, I would visit his hometown in Athens. Maybe, it was time to make good on that promise. I finally boarded the plane. Vasilis picked me up at the airport. I smiled, thinking how improbable this moment seemed all those years ago.(一天，我最好的希腊朋友瓦西里斯让我想起了我们十年前的约定：期末考试结束后，我要去他在雅典的家乡看看。也许，是时候兑现这个承诺了。我终于上了飞机。瓦西里斯去机场接我。我笑了，想着多年前这一刻是多么不可思议)”可知，作者是为了兑现承诺而去希腊与朋友见面。故选A。 【26题详解】 词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“I envied his peace and contentment. I admired the simplicity he embodied. I imagined the welder happy, finding fulfillment in his craft (手艺) and returning to his loving family. The moment moved me to tears. Leaving the workshop, rain blending with tears, I realized how easily life’s poetry could pass unnoticed.(我羡慕他的平静和满足。我钦佩他所体现的纯朴。我想象着焊工快乐，在他的手艺中找到满足，回到他爱的家庭。那一刻我感动得流下了眼泪。离开车间，雨中夹杂着泪水，我意识到生活的poetry是多么容易被忽视)”和最后一段“I realize the real journey is inward — to appreciate life’s ordinary magic.(我意识到真正的旅程是向内的——去欣赏生活平凡的魔力)”可知，这里的“诗意”并非指具体的诗歌，而是指前文描述的焊工那种平和、满足的平凡生活状态，即作者从专注于工作的焊工身上领悟到生活的真谛：平凡的魅力，故划线词意思是“平凡的魅力”。故选A。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Home again in Montreal, I stop simply pursuing better things, better experiences and better people that are never grasped. I realize the real journey is inward — to appreciate life’s ordinary magic. That surely beats petting any baby elephant. I may not have returned home “transformed”, but I’ll always think of the welder and his cat.(回到蒙特利尔的家，我不再简单地追求更好的事物、更好的经历和更好的人，而这些都是永远无法抓住的。我意识到真正的旅程是向内的——去欣赏生活平凡的魔力。这肯定比抚摸小象要好。也许我回家时并没有“焕然一新的”，但我总会想起那个焊工和他的猫)”结合文章讲述了希腊之旅让作者领悟到人生之旅的真谛是平凡，故作者想要告诉我们的是：平凡造就非凡。故选C。 C University of Delaware researcher Jing Gao, and his colleague Melissa Bukovsky investigated how changes in urban land and population will affect future populations’ exposure to weather extremes under climate conditions at the end of the 21st century. The researchers looked at urban areas across the continental United States, including cities large and small, with various development densities and in different climate regions. They used a data-driven model developed by Gao to predict how urban areas across the country will grow by 2100, based on development trends observed over the past 40 years. The research team considered how these urban land changes might affect weather extremes. They then analyzed how many people would be exposed to these extremes under different climate and urban development conditions at the end of the century. The research team’s simulations showed that at the end of the 21st century, how a city is laid out or organized spatially, often called an urban land pattern, has the potential to reduce populations’ exposure to future weather extremes, even for heat waves under very high urban expansion rates. These findings differ from current common perceptions. For example, existing literature in this area has almost exclusively focused on limiting the amount of urban land development, Gao said. In contrast, the new findings from this research encourage researchers and practitioners from a wide range of related fields to reconsider how cities are designed and built so that they can be in harmony with their regional natural surroundings and more resilient (有适应力的) to potential climate risks over the long run. The researchers are working to identify specific characteristics about the spatial arrangement of a city that can make it more — or less — resilient to future weather extremes. Identifying these patterns can help guide development that is more sustainable in the face of increasing instances of extreme weather. Through their efforts, the research team hopes to provide practical suggestions for how to design and build urban areas that reduce their residents’ exposure to weather extremes in the long run. 28. What is the data-driven model based on? A. Weather extremes. B. Development trends. C. Current common perceptions. D. Harmony with nature. 29. What has present literature primarily focused on regarding urban development? A. Enhancing urban service. B. Optimizing urban layout. C. Dividing urban areas into small sections. D. Restricting the urban land development. 30. Why do the researchers stress the spatial layout of a city? A. To avoid heat waves in the future. B. To promote its economic growth. C. To transform its cultural development. D. To protect residents from future weather extremes. 31. What can be a suitable title for the text? A. Predicting urban development B. Assessing future weather extremes C. Designing cities for 21st-century weather D. Analyzing specific characteristics of future cities 【答案】28. B 29. D 30. D 31. C 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了研究发现，一座城市的良好空间布局可以减少极端天气对居民的影响。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“They used a data-driven model developed by Gao to predict how urban areas across the country will grow by 2100, based on development trends observed over the past 40 years.(他们使用高教授开发的数据驱动模型，根据过去40年观察到的发展趋势，预测到2100年全国城市地区的增长情况)”可知，数据驱动模型的基础是发展趋势。故选B。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段“For example, existing literature in this area has almost exclusively focused on limiting the amount of urban land development, Gao said.(高说，例如，该领域的现有文献几乎完全集中在限制城市土地开发的数量上)”可知，关于城市发展，目前的文献主要聚焦限制城市土地的开发。故选D。 【30题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段“The research team’s simulations showed that at the end of the 21st century, how a city is laid out or organized spatially, often called an urban land pattern, has the potential to reduce populations’ exposure to future weather extremes, even for heat waves under very high urban expansion rates.(研究小组的模拟表明，在21世纪末，一个城市的布局或空间组织方式，通常被称为城市土地模式，有可能减少人口对未来极端天气的暴露，即使是在城市扩张率非常高的情况下的热浪)”可知，研究人员强调城市的空间布局是为了保护居民免受未来极端天气的影响。故选D。 【31题详解】 主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Through their efforts, the research team hopes to provide practical suggestions for how to design and build urban areas that reduce their residents’ exposure to weather extremes in the long run.(通过他们的努力，研究小组希望为如何设计和建造城市地区提供实用的建议，从长远来看，这些城市地区可以减少居民对极端天气的暴露)”结合文章主要说明了研究发现，一座城市的良好空间布局可以减少极端天气对居民的影响。可知，C选项“为21世纪的天气设计城市”最符合文章标题。故选C。 D Social robots are increasingly becoming part of daily life. A key aspect of their design is their ability to interact with humans comfortably. This includes their mode of communication. However, some questions arise: Should these robots use a familiar accent or dialect, or should they stick to a standard language? To test the impact of dialect use on robot acceptance, the scientists invited 120 people living in Berlin or Brandenburg to take an online survey. They asked participants to watch videos in which a robot using a ma le human voice spoke in either standard German or the Berlin dialect, which is considered working-class and is sometimes used by media to give an informal, friendly impression. The scientists asked participants to rate the robot’s trustworthiness and competence, and to fill out a demographic questionnaire including age, gender, how long they’d lived in Berlin, how well they spoke the Berlin dialect, and how often they used it. The survey automatically recorded the type of device that participants used to view the videos — a phone, a tablet or a computer. There was a clear link between trustworthiness and competence, with higher perceived competence predicting higher perceived trustworthiness. In general, the respondents preferred a robot speaking standard German. However, respondents who were more comfortable with the Berlin dialect preferred the robot speaking dialect. The scientists pointed out that speaking or understanding a dialect can be part of an in-group identity, allowing the robots to take advantage of in-group bias (偏见): People tend to prefer robots that are somehow like them. Interestingly, respondents who were using a phone or tablet rather than a computer to view the videos also tended to give lower ratings to the robot speaking standard German. The scientists speculated that this may be because small, portable devices meant the respondents had more distractions from the videos and a higher cognitive load, so the trust signal of the standard German had less of an impact. 32. Why did the scientists conduct an online survey? A. To test the social robots’ acceptance. B. To investigate the customers’ consuming habits. C. To promote social robots in working class. D. To check the influence of dialect use on robot acceptance. 33. How many aspects are included in the questionnaire? A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five. 34. What can we infer from paragraph 3? A. Dialects become an in-group bias. B. Social robots will regulate their languages. C. Identity plays a role in social robots’ communication. D. The respondents prefer to accept the Berlin dialect. 35. What did the scientists think of the respondents’ ratings by watching the videos through a computer? A. Trustworthy. B. Contradictory. C. Formal. D. Specific. 【答案】32. D 33. D 34. C 35. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了社交机器人应使用标准语还是方言的问题，不同的受访者有不同的偏好。 【32题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“To test the impact of dialect use on robot acceptance, the scientists invited 120 people living in Berlin or Brandenburg to take an online survey.(为了测试使用方言对机器人接受度的影响，科学家们邀请了120名居住在柏林或勃兰登堡的人参加了一项在线调查)”可知，科学家们进行在线调查是为了检查方言使用对机器人接受度的影响。故选D。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“The scientists asked participants to rate the robot’s trustworthiness and competence, and to fill out a demographic questionnaire including age, gender, how long they’d lived in Berlin, how well they spoke the Berlin dialect, and how often they used it.(科学家们要求参与者给机器人的可信度和能力打分，并填写一份人口调查问卷，包括年龄、性别、他们在柏林生活的时间、他们说柏林方言的程度以及他们使用柏林方言的频率)”可知，问卷包括5个方面。故选D。 【34题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The scientists pointed out that speaking or understanding a dialect can be part of an in-group identity, allowing the robots to take advantage of in-group bias (偏见): People tend to prefer robots that are somehow like them.(科学家们指出，说或理解一种方言可能是群体内身份的一部分，这使得机器人能够利用群体内偏见：人们往往更喜欢在某种程度上与自己相似的机器人)”可知，身份在社交机器人的交流中起作用。故选C。 【35题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Interestingly, respondents who were using a phone or tablet rather than a computer to view the videos also tended to give lower ratings to the robot speaking standard German. The scientists speculated that this may be because small, portable devices meant the respondents had more distractions from the videos and a higher cognitive load, so the trust signal of the standard German had less of an impact.(有趣的是，使用手机或平板电脑而不是电脑观看视频的受访者也倾向于给说标准德语的机器人更低的评分。科学家们推测，这可能是因为小型便携式设备意味着受访者更容易从视频中分心，认知负荷更高，因此标准德语的信任信号影响较小)”可知，使用小型便携式设备意味着受访者更容易从视频中分心，所以使用手机或平板电脑而不是电脑观看视频的受访者也倾向于给说标准德语的机器人更低的评分，可得出科学家们认为通过台式电脑观看视频的受访者的评价更值得信赖。故选A。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Waking up at the crack of dawn and going for a run might feel awful when you start trying to make it a habit. Weaving a significant new activity such as this into your regular routine obviously takes determination and time. ____36____ One popular idea suggests that it takes 21 days to solidify a habit. People tend to feel extra motivated to start a new habit or kick an old one. ____37____ Yet every January 21 very few people can boast that they have kept their resolutions. Everyone has a unique habit-building timeline. ____38____ Experts suggest various individualized ways to practice frequently, which eventually turn a task into an unconscious habit. ____39____ Teaching yourself a completely new skill or process obviously takes longer than remembering to drink more water in the morning. Recently, some researchers conducted a study that used machine learning to determine the time needed for habit-building. The results showed that creating a hand-washing habit took a few weeks. ____40____ Anyway, hand-washing is less complex and offers more opportunities to practice. The researchers also suggested that habit formation depends on the effort that a person puts into practicing an activity and on the presence of environmental cues that would remind them to carry out the behavior. A. The type of activity is also a factor. B. Many people want to form a habit of exercising. C. How can people form a habit without much effort? D. But how much time is really needed to make that habit stick? E. It might sound easily reachable to make a resolution on New Year’s Day. F. By comparison, it took half a year for people to develop an exercise habit. G. However long it is for any individual, repetition is the key to making it work. 【答案】36. D 37. E 38. G 39. A 40. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章探讨了养成一个新习惯需要多长时间以及影响习惯养成的因素。 【36题详解】 由上文“Weaving a significant new activity such as this into your regular routine obviously takes determination and time.(将这样一项重要的新活动融入你的日常生活显然需要决心和时间)”可知，提到养成新习惯需要时间，而D项But how much time is really needed to make that habit stick?(但是真正需要多少时间才能让这个习惯根深蒂固呢？) 承接上文，进一步提出关于养成习惯所需时间的疑问，引出后文对习惯养成时间的讨论。故选D项。 【37题详解】 由下文“Yet every January 21 very few people can boast that they have kept their resolutions.(然而，每年 1 月 21 日，很少有人能夸口说他们坚持了自己的新年决心)”可知，这里说明坚持新年决心很难。而E项It might sound easily reachable to make a resolution on New Year’s Day.(在新年许下一个决心听起来似乎很容易实现) 与之形成对比，先说明许下新年决心看似容易，再转折说明坚持难，符合语境。故选E项。 38题详解】 由上文“Everyone has a unique habit-building timeline.(每个人都有独特的习惯养成时间表)”可知，习惯养成时间因人而异，而G项However long it is for any individual, repetition is the key to making it work.(无论对任何人来说这个时间有多长，重复是让习惯养成起作用的关键)进一步阐述，无论时间多久，重复是关键，承接上文。故选G项。 【39题详解】 由下文“Teaching yourself a completely new skill or process obviously takes longer than remembering to drink more water in the morning.(自学一项全新的技能或过程显然比记得早上多喝水要花费更长时间)”可知，不同类型活动养成习惯所需时间不同，而A项The type of activity is also a factor.(活动的类型也是一个因素)能概括该段内容，说明活动类型对习惯养成时间有影响。故选A项。 【40题详解】 由上文“The results showed that creating a hand-washing habit took a few weeks.(结果表明，养成洗手的习惯需要几周时间)”可知，这里提到洗手习惯养成时间，而F项 By comparison, it took half a year for people to develop an exercise habit.(相比之下，人们养成锻炼习惯需要半年时间)通过对比，进一步举例说明不同活动养成习惯所需时间不同，与前文呼应。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 （共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 Glen Edwards became a hero when he rescued a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building. As a crane (塔吊) ____41____ working on a construction site, Edwards ____42____ found himself in a life-saving mission when a fire broke out. He recalled how he ____43____ the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin, and how he came up with the idea of saving the man by lowering a cage to him to let him ____44____. However, his attempt to ____45____ the cage before the man was by no means an easy job, as each gust (阵) of wind ____46____ to throw his crane off balance. Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty. Despite the great ____47____, Edwards refused to give up and fought to ____48____ control. Luckily, someone on the ground offered ____49____ on where to land the cage through a radio. Edwards ____50____ the crane’s movements, inch by inch, until the cage hovered (悬停) just inches from the edge of the ____51____ . With determination, Edwards successfully landed the cage. Eventually, Edwards watched the cage lifting the man away from the ____52____ fire below and lowering him to safety. The crowd ____53____ a big round of applause, a tribute (致敬) to the courage and skill ____54____ by Edwards. He knew that his quick thinking and strong determination had made all the ____55____ between life and death in the face of disaster. 41. A. engineer B. cleaner C. operator D. salesman 42. A. regularly B. unfortunately C. intentionally D. unexpectedly 43. A. helped B. spotted C. realized D. guided 44. A. escape B. hide C. walk D. slide 45. A. repair B. position C. cover D. open 46. A. resisted B. ceased C. threatened D. restricted 47. A. challenges B. functions C. power D. patience 48. A. switch B. maintain C. lose D. give 49. A. instructions B. promises C. explanations D. courses 50. A. quickened B. described C. adjusted D. repeated 51. A. rock B. platform C. crane D. roof 52. A. electric B. horrible C. soft D. dark 53. A. went through B. put on C. asked for D. broke into 54. A. displayed B. admired C. exchanged D. required 55. A. preference B. response C. extent D. difference 【答案】41. C 42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B 46. C 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. C 51. D 52. B 53. D 54. A 55. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了一名起重机操作员Glen Edwards在一次建筑工地火灾中英勇救援一名被困工人的事迹，描述了他的救援过程和所面临的困难，以及他成功救出被困工人的结果。 【41题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的塔吊操作员，当火灾发生时，Edwards发现自己意外地投身于一场救援任务中。A. engineer工程师；B. cleaner清洁工；C. operator操作员；D. salesman销售员。由下文“from his crane’s cabin”可知，Edwards是在塔吊的操作室里，所以他是塔吊操作员，operator符合语境。故选C项。 【42题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：作为一名在建筑工地工作的塔吊操作员，当火灾发生时，Edwards意外地发现自己投身于一场救援任务中。A. regularly定期地；B. unfortunately不幸地；C. intentionally故意地；D. unexpectedly意外地。由下文“found himself in a life-saving mission”以及语境可知，火灾的发生是突然的，Edwards本来在正常工作，所以他参与救援任务是意外的，unexpectedly符合语境。故选D项。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起自己是如何从塔吊操作室看见被困工人的，以及他是如何想到通过放下一个笼子让他逃生来救这个人的。A. helped帮助；B. spotted发现、看见；C. realized意识到；D. guided引导。由下文“the trapped worker from his crane’s cabin”以及语境可知，这里说的是他在操作室里看到了被困的工人。故选B项。 【44题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他回忆起自己是如何从塔吊操作室看见被困工人的，以及他是如何想到通过放下一个笼子让他逃生来救这个人的。A. escape逃跑，逃生；B. hide隐藏；C. walk行走；D. slide滑动。由上文“lowering a cage to him to let him”以及语境可知，因为工人被困在着火的楼上，放下笼子是为了让他逃生，escape符合语境。故选A项。 【45题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在工人到达之前调整好笼子的位置绝非易事，因为每一阵风都有使他的塔吊失去平衡的危险。A. repair修理；B. position安置，调整位置；C. cover覆盖；D. open打开。由下文“until the cage hovered (悬停) just inches from the edge of the 　11　”可知，这里是要调整笼子的位置，让它能准确地到达被困工人所在之处，position符合语境。故选B项。 【46题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在工人到达之前调整好笼子的位置绝非易事，因为每一阵风都有使他的塔吊失去平衡的危险。A. resisted抵抗；B. ceased停止；C. threatened有……危险，预示凶兆；D. restricted限制。由上文“each gust (阵) of wind”以及语境可知，风大对操作塔吊有影响，有使他的塔吊失去平衡的危险，符合语境。故选C项。 【47题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，努力保持对塔吊的控制。A. challenges挑战；B. functions功能；C. power力量；D. patience耐心。由上文“Besides, the smoke and flames also added to the difficulty”可知，上文提到烟雾和火焰也增加了困难，这些都是面临的挑战，challenges符合语境。故选A项。 【48题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：尽管面临巨大挑战，Edwards拒绝放弃，努力保持对塔吊的控制。A. switch转换；B. maintain保持；C. lose失去；D. give给予。由上文“refused to give up”可知，这里指他不放弃，要努力保持对塔吊的控制，maintain符合语境。故选B项。 【49题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：幸运的是，地面上有人通过无线电就笼子该降落在何处给出了指示。A. instructions指示；B. promises承诺；C. explanations解释；D. courses课程。由下文“where to land the cage through a radio”可知，这里指有人通过无线电给出关于笼子降落位置的指示，instructions符合语境。故选A项。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一点一点地调整塔吊的移动，直到笼子悬停在离屋顶边缘仅几英寸的地方。A. quickened加快；B. described描述；C. adjusted调整；D. repeated重复。由下文“inch by inch”以及要让笼子准确到达合适位置可知，这里指要调整塔吊的移动，adjust符合语境。故选C项。 【51题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Edwards一点一点地调整塔吊的移动，直到笼子悬停在离屋顶边缘仅几英寸的地方。A. rock岩石；B. platform平台；C. crane塔吊；D. roof屋顶。由上文“a construction worker trapped on the top of a 16-story burning building”和“until the cage hovered (悬停) just inches from the edge of the”以及语境可知，因为工人被困在16层着火建筑的顶部，所以笼子应该是靠近屋顶边缘，roof 符合语境。故选D项。 【52题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最终，Edwards看着笼子把那个人从下面可怕的大火中救起，并把他降到安全的地方。A. electric带电的；B. horrible可怕的；C. soft柔软的；D. dark黑暗的。有上文“when a fire broke out”以及语境可知，着火的场景是可怕的，horrible符合语境，形容下面的大火。故选B项。 【53题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：人群爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对Edwards所展现出的勇气和技能的致敬。A. went through经历；B. put on穿上；C. asked for要求；D. broke into突然开始（做某事）。由下文“a big round of applause”可知，这里指人群突然爆发出掌声，break into a big round of applause “爆发出一阵热烈的掌声”，符合语境。故选D项。 【54题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：人群爆发出一阵热烈的掌声，这是对Edwards所展现出的勇气和技能的致敬。A. displayed展示，展现；B. admired钦佩；C. exchanged交换；D. required要求。由上文“Despite the great 　7　　, Edwards refused to give up and fought to 　8　　control.”以及语境可知，这里指Edwards在救援过程中展现出了勇气和技能，displayed符合语境。故选A项。 【55题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：他知道，在灾难面前，他的机智和坚定的决心对生死起了作用。A. preference偏爱；B. response回应；C. extent程度；D. difference差别。由上文“his quick thinking and strong determination had made all the”以及语境可知，这里考查make a difference“有影响，起作用”，指Edwards的行为在生死之间起到了关键作用，造就了不同的结果，difference符合语境。故选D项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Visitors get an inside look into Wuzhen’s culture that has stood the test of time when they walk through the Former Residence of Mao Dun—____56____ famous Chinese writer, Lin’s Shop, Xiuzhen Temple, the Stage, Shadow Playhouse, and Yu Liuliang’s Coins Museum. The Former Residence of Mao Dun, ____57____ real name was Shen Yanbing (1896-1981), is also the house of the Shen ancestors. It ____58____ (build) in the middle of the 19th century in the style of the Qing Dynasty and is ____59____ (type) of folk houses south of the Yangtze River. In this residence ____60____ (be) a study designed by Mao Dun himself and pelargonium and palm trees that he planted. Shadow Play, a type of puppetry, was introduced to Wuzhen during the Southern Song Dynasty(1127-1279). By the late 1930s and early 1940s, 12 Shadow Play Troupes were ____61____ (frequent) performing in towns and villages. Today, there is a ____62____ (perform) every day at Shadow Playhouse. The shadow puppets are made of ox or goat skin. The exquisite semi-transparent figures are made and painted ____63____ hand. Their joints are linked by thread for maximum movement. Puppeteers move their puppets to music ____64____ (play) on traditional instruments such as the drum, gong, erhu, jinghu used mainly ____65____ (accompany) Beijing opera singing, suona horn and bamboo flute. 【答案】56. a 57. whose 58. was built 59. typical 60. are 61. frequently 62. performance 63. by 64. played 65. to accompany 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章介绍了乌镇的茅盾故居与皮影戏馆。 【56题详解】 考查冠词。句意：当游客们走进茅盾 —— 一位著名中国作家的故居、林家铺子、修真观、戏台、皮影戏馆以及余榴梁钱币馆时，他们得以深入了解历经时间考验的乌镇文化。writer为可数名词，此处表示泛指，famous以辅音音素开头。故填a。 【57题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：茅盾原名沈雁冰（1896-1981），其故居也是沈家祖宅。空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是Mao Dun，关系词指代先行词，并在从句中与real name构成所属关系，作定语，故用关系代词whose。故填whose。 【58题详解】 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意：它建于19世纪中叶，为清代风格，是典型的江南民居。空处为句子的谓语动词，此处描述过去发生的事情，且主语it（指代The Former Residence of Mao Dun）与动词build之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的被动语态，主语it是第三人称单数形式，系动词需用was。故填was built。 【59题详解】 考查形容词。句意：它建于19世纪中叶，为清代风格，是典型的江南民居。此处为形容词作表语，type的形容词typical，作表语，be typical of为固定短语，意为“是……的典型”。故填typical。 【60题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：在这座故居里，有茅盾亲自设计的书房，还有他种植的天竺葵和棕榈树。本句是完全倒装句，句子主语是a study designed by Mao Dun himself and pelargonium and palm trees that he planted，是复数概念，且句子描述客观事实，用一般现在时。故填are。 【61题详解】 考查副词。句意：到20世纪30年代末40年代初，12个皮影戏班频繁地在城镇和乡村演出。本空用副词frequently“频繁地”，修饰动词performing，作状语。故填frequently。 【62题详解】 考查名词。句意：如今，皮影戏馆每天都有一场演出。根据空前不定冠词a可知，此处用动词perform的名词单数形式performance，意为“演出”。故填performance。 【63题详解】 考查介词。句意：这些精美的半透明人物是手工制作和绘制的。此处为固定短语by hand，意为“用手；手工”。故填by。 【64题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：木偶艺人随着用传统乐器演奏的音乐来操纵他们的木偶，这些乐器如鼓、锣、二胡、京胡（主要用于为京剧演唱伴奏）、唢呐和竹笛。句中已有谓语动词move，空处为非谓语动词，作后置定语，修饰名词music，music与play之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词played。故填played。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：木偶艺人随着用传统乐器演奏的音乐来操纵他们的皮影，这些乐器如鼓、锣、二胡、京胡（主要用于为京剧演唱伴奏）、唢呐和竹笛。句中已有谓语动词move，空处为非谓语动词，此处表示目的，用动词不定式作目的状语。故填to accompany。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 （满分15分） 66. 假定你是李华，你注意到外教 Mr Smith 在上课时使用的视频资料常常与课程内容不符。请你给Mr Smith写一封邮件，内容包括： (1)阐述情况； (2)提出你的看法。 注意： (1)写作词数应为80个左右； (2)请按如下格式在相应位置作答。 Dear Mr Smith, I’m Li Hua from Class 2. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Mr Smith, I’m Li Hua from Class 2. I have found out that some of the video materials used during our lessons are not relevant to the course content, which might be confusing. It would be beneficial if the videos could be more closely related to the topics we are covering in class. The correspondence would help make the lessons more effective. Perhaps you could preview the videos to ensure they match the planned curriculum before showing them in class. Thank you for considering this adjustment to enhance our learning experience. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给Mr Smith写一封邮件，对外教在上课时使用的视频资料常常与课程内容不符提出自己的看法。 【详解】1.词汇积累 令人迷惑的：confusing →puzzling 有益的：beneficial→rewarding 确保：ensure→make sure 展示：show→display 2.句式拓展 句型转换 原句：Perhaps you could preview the videos to ensure they match the planned curriculum before showing them in class. 拓展句：Perhaps you could preview the videos so that you can ensure they match the planned curriculum before showing them in class. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I have found out that some of the video materials used during our lessons are not relevant to the course content, which might be confusing. (运用了that引导宾语从句和which引导非限制性定语从句) [高分句型2] It would be beneficial if the videos could be more closely related to the topics we are covering in class. (运用了if引导条件状语从句) 第二节 （满分25分） 67. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 It was a bright Saturday morning. Lucy awoke with the sun, her heart pounding with anticipation. Today was the day her father, Jack, was taking her on a hiking adventure in the mountain. Lucy had always been captivated by the great outdoors, and hiking with her father was one of her favorite pastimes. She dressed quickly in her favorite hiking gear, picked up the backpack she had packed the night before, and stepped out to wait on the porch. The sight of her father’s old blue truck coming up the driveway filled her with joy and excitement. Father Jack stepped out, his eyes twinkling as he greeted Lucy. “All set for an adventure?” he asked. “Absolutely!” Lucy replied, her face beaming with joy. Just then, he added, “But be warned, there’s been talk of a bear in the area we’re hiking today.” Lucy’s eyes widened in surprise, but then Jack’s laughter broke the tension. “You should have seen your face,” he chuckled, and Lucy joined in, knowing her father’s playful nature. “Let’s grab some breakfast first,” Jack suggested, and they headed to a cafe known for its pancakes. After a hearty breakfast, they arrived at the trailhead (小道的起点) of Blue Ridge Mountain. “Lace up those boots tight,” Jack instructed, and Lucy followed suit, her hands skillfully securing each knot. They set off, the crisp mountain air fueling their spirits. As they walked along the winding path, Lucy’s excitement got the better of her, and she hurried ahead, eager to reach the summit. Her father called out words of caution, but Lucy was caught up in the thrill of the climb. Suddenly, her foot slipped on a loose rock, and she tumbled down a small incline (斜坡). Bruised but determined, she dusted herself off and continued, more carefully. The father and daughter reached a scenic viewpoint, and Jack pointed out various landmarks, sharing stories of the area’s history. They took a moment to rest, drinking water and enjoying the panoramic view. Half an hour later, they started to walk down the mountain. As they were going downhill, Lucy heard something unusual. 注意： (1)续写词数应为150个左右； (2)请按如下格式相应位置作答。 She stopped, heart pounding, and looked down to see a snake moving away from her path. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Arriving at the trailhead again, Lucy felt both relieved and proud. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: She stopped, heart pounding, and looked down to see a snake moving away from her path. She froze, fear gripping her immediately. “Dad!” she whispered, her voice shaky. Jack rushed to her side, his eyes scanning the area for any threat. He at once spotted that snake. “Stay still, Lucy,” he advised, his voice calm but firm. He helped her move away from the snake’s path and reassured her that it was just a harmless species common to the area. With her father’s guidance, they navigated the rest of the trail safely. Arriving at the trailhead again, Lucy felt both relieved and proud. She had learned to respect nature’s surprises or unpredictability and the importance of remaining calm in challenging or potentially dangerous situations. Her father’s hand on her shoulder was comforting as they made their way back to the truck. They thought about their exciting day, feeling happy about what they had done together. The setting sun made the day even more special. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物活动为线索，讲述了周六早上露西和父亲杰克去山里徒步旅行，途中露西滑倒，下山时她听到了不寻常的声音。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“她停了下来，心跳加速，低头看到一条蛇正从她的脚边爬走。”可知，第一段可描写露西因看到蛇而感到害怕，父亲安慰她并帮她安全通过有蛇的路段。 ②由第二段首句内容“他们再次回到了小道的起点，露西既感到如释重负，又感到自豪。”可知，第二段可描写露西从这次经历中学到了尊重自然和保持冷静的重要性，最后夕阳让这一天更特别。 2. 续写线索：遇到蛇——父亲安慰引导——安全下山——露西有感悟——夕阳添美好 3. 词汇激活： 行为类 ①小声说：whisper/murmur ②建议：advise/suggest ③看见：spot/see/catch sight of 情绪类 ①害怕：fear/terror/horror ②如释重负：relieved/at ease ③令人欣慰的：comforting/reassuring 【点睛】[高分句型1] She froze, fear gripping her immediately.(运用了“名词+现在分词”的独立主格结构作伴随状语) [高分句型2] He helped her move away from the snake’s path and reassured her that it was just a harmless species common to the area.(运用了that引导的宾语从句) [高分句型3] They thought about their exciting day, feeling happy about what they had done together.(运用了现在分词feeling作伴随状语以及what引导的宾语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$null