精品解析：山东省烟台市莱州市莱州市第一中学2024-2025学年高二下学期开学英语试题

2023级高二寒假开学收心考试英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1. When did the man see his parents? A. Days ago. B. Weeks ago. C. Months ago. 2. How does the woman prefer to study English? A. By writing articles. B. By reading articles. C. By talking with friends. 3. What does the man wish? A. He had a dog. B. He met other pet owners. C. He could bring his pet to a park. 4. What does the man dislike about chocolate? A. It’s too sweet. B. It hurts his stomach. C. It’s bad for his teeth. 5. What does the man suggest the woman start doing? A. Watching TV shows. B. Making Internet videos. C. Following radio programs. 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What brand of car is the most popular in the world according to the woman? A. Maserati. B. Ford F-Series. C. Toyota Corolla. 7. Which country are the man’s favorite cars from? A. Italy. B. China. C. The US. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。 8. Why does the man want to take better photos? A. To have fun. B. To get more customers. C. To share with his friends. 9. Where does the woman work? A. At a restaurant. B. At a coffee shop. C. In a clothing shop. 10. How can the woman be described? A. Helpful. B. Impatient. C. Curious. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13三个小题。 11. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. In an office. C. On a mountain. 12. What is the woman’s favorite place to go for holidays? A. A beach. B. A forest. C. A playground. 13. Why did the man cancel his traveling plans next month? A. He has soccer games to play. B. He has to take care of his son. C. He has to go on a business trip. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至16三个小题。 14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. After-school plans. B. A school project. C. British history. 15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Family members. C. Classmates. 16 What should the woman pay attention to according to the man? A. Deadline. B. Quality. C. Topic. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。 17. Who is the speaker? A. A scientist. B. A firefighter. C. A news reporter. 18. How many people have died in the fires since September? A. Nearly 20. B. Nearly 30. C. Nearly 80. 19. Which state has the most dangerous fires now? A. Victoria. B. South Australia. C. New South Wales. 20. How is the weather expected to be this weekend? A. It’s bad for fighting fires. B. It’s perfect for the fires to stop burning. C. It’s just night for getting away from the fires. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Four Most Popular Books Emily’s House by Amy Belding Brown Margaret Maher works as the servant in the family home of poet Emily Dickinson, cleaning, cooking, and defending her hostess from prying (窥探) eyes. Margaret’s special voice brings this novel to life; it’s a viewpoint full of honesty, humor, and clever observations. All In by Billie Jean King The tennis champion writes about her life with self-awareness, while not underplaying her role as a trailblazer (先驱) for women’s rights. She isn’t satisfied with her younger self for feeling a need to hide her sexual identity to safeguard her career, and touches on the damage that secret caused. Pastoral Song by James Rebanks English sheep farmer and writer James Rebanks offers a sustainable method for raising animals, preserving habitat, caring for the environment and helping small farmers all at the same time. Agatha of Little Neon by Claire Luchette This is a novel about desire and sisterhood, figuring out how you fit in (or don’t), and the unexpected friends who help you find your truest self. Agatha is one of four young nuns (修女), who tend to the residents of Little Neon, a house in Rhode Island. She has lived every day of the last nine years with her sisters: they work together, laugh together and pray together. Their world is contained within the little house they share. The four of them are devoted to Mother Roberta and to their quiet, purposeful life. 1. Who will probably be interested in the book Emily’s House? A. Those who support women’s rights. B. Those who love poetry. C. Those who are fond of nature. D. Those who like playing tennis. 2. Which book refers to the way to keep animals? A. Emily’s House. B. All In. C. Pastoral Song. D. Agatha of Little Neon. 3. Who wrote the book telling the story of four sisters? A. Amy Belding Brown. B. Billie Jean King C. James Rebanks D. Claire Luchette. 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要介绍了四本受欢迎的书。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据文章Emily’s House部分中“Margaret Maher works as the servant in the family home of poet Emily Dickinson, cleaning, cooking, and defending her hostess from prying eyes.(玛格丽特·马赫在诗人艾米莉·狄金森的家中做仆人，打扫卫生，做饭，保护女主人不被窥探)”可知，此书介绍了诗人的生活。即对诗歌感兴趣的人会喜欢这本书。故选B。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pastoral Song这一部分中“English sheep farmer and writer James Rebanks offers a sustainable method for raising animals, preserving habitat, caring for the environment and helping small farmers all at the same time(英国羊农兼作家詹姆斯·雷班克斯提供了一种可持续的方法，可以同时饲养动物、保护栖息地、保护环境和帮助小农户)”可知，Pastoral Song里面介绍了饲养动物的方法。故选C。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Agatha of Little Neon部分中最后一句话“The four of them are devoted to Mother Roberta and to their quiet, purposeful life.(她们四个人都忠于母亲罗伯塔，过着平静而有目标的生活)”可知，这本书介绍了四个姐妹的生活。此书是由Claire Luchette写的。故选D。 B In the depths of Catoctin Mountain Park, 19-year-old Melita Bell almost broke down. Having been working at Camp Greentop, a summer camp for people with disabilities, for just a week, she didn’t think she could keep going. “I’m gonna quit. This is outside of my comfort zone... I wonder if I’m even making a difference with these campers.” Bell said. The second week, she changed her mind. She grew to love what she was doing. “It’s more physical and harder, because we have campers who have a lot of personal care needs and things like that, but I just got more joy out of it,” she said. Bell came back to camp year after year until she began working full-time at the camp. The camp was created in 1937, supporting people with intellectual and physical disabilities, whether they are developmental or acquired. “They’re not for their condition. They’re here to have fun, to socialize, and to find other people to connect with.” Bell said. Greentop is made up of six sessions (期), each about a week long. Two are for adults (18-plus) only, two are just for ages 7 to 21, and two are for all ages. The adult-only sessions are relatively unstructured, allowing campers to do whichever activity appeals to them. The other sessions are much more structured. Campers cycle between different activities around camp in 45-minute sessions, which kind of gets some campers into trouble. Instructors make sure to “put ability first”. They create ways for every camper to participate in an activity. If a camper can’t use their hands, they can use their mouth to paint during arts and crafts. “Our instructors get a 10-day-long training before camp starts, where they learn to master necessary skills of taking care of people with disabilities. They take the responsibility of caring for youth or adult participants very seriously and do what they can to maintain an environment that improves safety and wellbeing of all participants, as well as encourages personal growth and independence.” Bell said. 4. Who is Camp Greentop targeted at? A. The disabled. B. The young. C. Volunteers. D. Parents. 5. What made Bell continue her work in Greentop? A. The different comfort zone. B. The enjoyment from the job. C. The difficulty of landing a new job. D. The request from the campers. 6. Why does the author mention “use their mouth” in paragraph 4? A. To stress every camper has a say in Greentop. B. To suggest Greentop focuses on all-round development. C. To prove Greentop has unique means of testing campers’ skills. D. To show Greentop encourages active involvement of each camper. 7. What can we learn about the instructors in the last paragraph? A. They’re responsible and reliable. B. They’re talented and considerate. C. They’re curious and influential. D. They’re competitive and sensitive. 【答案】4. A 5. B 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了文章主人公Melita Bell在一个为残疾人开设的夏令营的地方工作以及介绍了该夏令营的主要构成及其导师特征。 【4题详解】 细节理解题。根据题干中的关键词Camp Greentop快速定位到文章第一自然段；根据“Having been working at Camp Greentop, a summer camp for people with disabilities,for just a week, she didn’t think she could keep going. (在为残疾人开设的夏令营Greentop工作了一周后，她觉得自己无法坚持下去)”可知，该夏令营的目标对象是残疾人。故选A项。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，Bell在夏令营工作了一段时间后，她认为自己无法坚持，想要退出。根据第二段“The second week, she changed her mind. She grew to love what she was doing. (第二个星期，她改变了主意并且渐渐喜欢上了自己正在做的事情)”可知，是这份工作给她带来的乐趣使得她继续在夏令营工作。故选B项。 【6题详解】 推理判断题。依据题干关键词可快速定位至第四段，根据“ Instructors make sure to “put ability first”. They create ways for every camper to participate in an activity. If a camper can’t use their hands, they can use their mouth to paint during arts and crafts. (教师要确保“能力第一”。他们为每个露营者创造参与活动的方式。如果露营者不能使用他们的手，他们可以用他们的嘴绘画艺术和手工艺)”可推知，教官们尽可能用不同的方式让每一位露营者能参与到活动中来。故选D项。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。最后一段主要介绍了该夏令营的教官在夏令营开始前要接受为期十天的培训，要掌握照顾残疾人必备的技能，同时他们也注重照顾青少年或成年参与者的责任，尽全力为他们提供一个安全和健康的环境，以及鼓励个人成长和独立。由此推知，他们是对参与者负责且值得依赖的。故选A项。 C It was the summer of 2021 and Niesha, then 13, had moved to campus just three weeks earlier knowing almost nothing about AI. In less than a month, her view on A1 and who could participate in building it completely changed. Niesha is one of the high school-aged students to complete the Lakota AI Code Camp — a three-week summer program taught by four Indigenous AI experts from across The country. The camp trains students with little coding (编码) experience in data science, machine learning, and app development. It’s also an attempt to build an Indigenous talent pool, to find and train future experts who can digitally protect Indigenous culture — and keep endangered native languages alive. Indigenous languages are at risk and AI offers hope for revitalization (复兴). That’s the sort of work the camp co-founders, Mason Grimshaw and Michael Running Wolf, are hoping to achieve. But they both ran into the same problem: The workforce of Indigenous AI experts was in extremely short supply. Research has shown that 18% of those who live in tribal (部落的) areas don’t have internet access. And, while Native Americans make up about 2% of the U.S. population, they only account for a small percentage of computer science instructors. At first, the founders didn’t think the camp would succeed because the professional educators they approached all had the same response: There’s no way to teach a 13-year-old Python if they’ve never coded before. That’s not even to mention the technical difficulties the group faced. But they tried anyway just to see how far the kids could go, and they went far. There were still moments of self-doubt among the students, Grimshaw said. Encouragement from people who can understand their background is invaluable. For Niesha, that understanding helped her push through struggles at camp. “One of the best parts of the camp is you can use native humor and people would understand,” Niesha said. By the end “the camp felt like family to me.” That’s why she plans to go back for a third summer. 8. What do we know about Lakota AI Code Camp? A. It invites AI experts from different cultures. B. It helps protect Indigenous cultures and languages. C. It is open to students with good coding experience. D. It trains students in endangered Indigenous languages. 9. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 4? A. By offering statistical data. B. By making comparisons. C. By making classifications. D. By giving examples. 10. What was professional educators’ initial attitude towards Lakota AI Code Camp? A. Confused. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Uninterested. 11. What mainly motivates Niesha to return for a third summer? A. Access to new technologies. B. A sense of belonging. C. A desire for better humor skills. D. Commitment to promoting local culture. 【答案】8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章介绍了一个夏令营，通过训练一些几乎没有编码经验学生在数据科学、机器学习和应用程序开发方面的技术，旨在于以后这些孩子能成为使用数字科技方法来保护濒危的原住民语言及文化的人才。 【8题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段“…the Lakota AI Code Camp — a three-week summer program taught by four Indigenous AI experts from across The country. The camp trains students with little coding (编码) experience in data science, machine learning, and app development. It’s also an attempt to build an Indigenous talent pool, to find and train future experts who can digitally protect Indigenous culture — and keep endangered native languages alive.(……拉科塔人工智能代码夏令营，这是一个为期三周的暑期项目，由来自全国各地的四位土著人工智能专家教授。该训练营训练的学生在数据科学、机器学习和应用程序开发方面几乎没有编码经验。这也是建立原住民人才库的一种尝试，寻找和培训未来的专家，以数字方式保护原住民文化，并使濒危的原住民语言保持活力)”可知，该夏令营在为未来用数码科技手段来保护濒危的原住民语言培养人才，它旨在于保护濒危原住民语言及文化。故选B项。 【9题详解】 推理判断题。第四段首句“But they both ran into the same problem: The workforce of Indigenous AI experts was in extremely short supply.(但他们都遇到了同样的问题：本土人工智能专家的劳动力极度短缺)”为本段的主题句，根据下文“Research has shown that 18% of those who live in tribal (部落的) areas don’t have internet access. And, while Native Americans make up about 2% of the U.S. population, they only account for a small percentage of computer science instructors.(研究表明，18%生活在部落地区的人没有互联网接入。而且，虽然印第安人占美国人口的2%左右，但他们只占计算机科学教师的一小部分)”中的18%及2%等可知，本段运用科学数据来证明本土人工智能人才的短缺问题。故选A项。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“At first, the founders didn’t think the camp would succeed because the professional educators they approached all had the same response: There’s no way to teach a 13-year-old Python if they’ve never coded before. (起初，创始人并不认为这个夏令营会成功，因为他们接触的专业教育工作者都有同样的反应：如果一个13岁的孩子从来没有写过代码，那就不可能教他Python)”可推测，这些专业教育工作者最初对这个夏令营的做法是持怀疑态度的。故选C项。 【11题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段末句“By the end ‘the camp felt like family to me.’ That’s why she plans to go back for a third summer.(到最后，‘营地对我来说就像家一样’。这就是她计划在一次回去参加第三次夏令营的原因)”可知，在夏令营中感受到的归属感使她还想第三次参加夏令营。故选B项。 D Honeybees rely heavily on flower patterns not just colors when searching for food, new research shows. A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee’s-eye-view simulations (模拟装置) to work out how they see flowers. Honeybees have low resolution vision, so they can only see a flower’s pattern clearly when they are within few centimeters. However, the new’ study shows bees can very effectively distinguish between different flowers by using a combination of colour and pattern. In a series of tests, bees rarely ignored pattern, suggesting colour alone does not lead them to flowers. This may help to explain why some colours that are visible to bees are rarely produced by flowers in nature. “We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour,” said Professor Natalie Hempel, from Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour. “By training and testing bees using man-made patterns of shape and colour, we found they relied flexibly on their ability to see both of these elements. Showing how insects see colour and learn colour patterns is important to understand how pollinators (传粉者) may, or may not, create evolutionary ‘pressures’ on the colours and patterns that flowers have evolved (进化). Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.” One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant’s leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour. This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers. While flowers may be beautiful to humans, Professor Hempel stressed that understanding more about bees and the threats they face meant we need to see the world “through the eyes of a bee and the mind of a bee.” 12. What does the new research focus on? A. The source of bees’ food supply. B. The way of bees finding flowers. C. The effect of bees’ poor eyesight. D. The evolution of bees’ behavior. 13. What does Hempel think of flowers trying to evolve more colours? A. It’s not a must. B. It’s a pressing need. C. It’s beyond belief. D. It’s a temporary solution. 14. What’s paragraph 6 mainly about? A. An explanation of the research intention. B. Dramatic changes in the research strategy. C. Conflict between different research outcomes. D. Supporting evidence for the research findings. 15. What aspect of research into bees did Hempel highlight? A. Research data. B. Research methods. C. Research objects. D. Research frequency. 【答案】12. B 13. A 14. D 15. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍最新研究发现，蜜蜂在寻找食物时，不单是靠颜色，而且严重依赖花朵的图案来寻找花朵。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee’s-eye-view simulations (模拟装置) to work out how they see flowers.(埃克塞特大学领导的一个研究小组测试了蜜蜂的行为，并建立了蜜蜂的视角模拟，以研究它们是如何看花的)”可知，新的研究专注蜜蜂看花、找花的方式。故选B项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中Hempel的话“Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.(我们的研究结果表明，花朵不需要进化出太多不同的花朵颜色，因为它们可以利用图案来改变它们的展示效果，这样蜜蜂就可以把它们与其他花朵区分开来)”可知，亨佩尔认为花朵并不是必须进化出更多颜色。故选A项。 【14题详解】 主旨大意题。根据第五段“Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.(我们的研究结果表明，花朵不需要进化出太多不同的花朵颜色，因为它们可以利用图案来改变它们的展示效果，这样蜜蜂就可以把它们与其他花朵区分开来)”可知，研究发现蜜蜂通过图案来找到花朵。第六段“One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant’s leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour. This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers.(研究中发现的一个典型特征是，花的外边缘通常与植物的叶子形成强烈的对比，而花的中心与叶子的颜色没有这样强烈的对比。这可以帮助蜜蜂快速识别颜色差异，并找到通往花朵的路)”主要说明了花是如何通过颜色对比来形成图案，以便于蜜蜂识别并找到它们的，所以第六段是支持研究结论的证据。故选D项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中Hempel的话“We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour (我们研究了大量关于植物和蜜蜂行为的数据)”可知，对于蜜蜂的研究，Hempel强调了研究的数据。故选A项。 第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。 Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. ____16____ These tips will help you make the most of the four years. Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school. At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. ____17____ By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you’ll fit best. To best prepare for your future, growing your professional network is essential. Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start. For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings. Remember to be active and interested in your college years. ____18____ Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located. Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country. Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. ____19____ It shows a new side of the place you’ll call home for the next several years. ____20____ But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it. If you have time, consider taking different trips, in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends. Gradually, you’ll find your vision broadened and life enriched. A. Being a volunteer can advance your career. B. College is the perfect time to learn and grow. C. Living off campus is a great way to save money. D. The event gives you an idea of each organization. E. It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation. F. Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year. G. Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in. 【答案】16. B 17. D 18. E 19. G 20. F 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了在美国大学学习的过程中，可以参与社区志愿活动去提升自己，并且对于以后的工作也有帮助。 【16题详解】 根据后文“make the most of the four years(充分利用这四年)”推知，空处内容是有关于大学的生活，B项College is the perfect time to learn and grow.(大学是学习和成长的最佳时机)符合题意，与下文衔接自然。故选B项。 【17题详解】 根据上文“At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. (在学年开始时，大多数大学都会举办一个组织展览会，在那里校园里的每个俱乐部都会招募新成员)”和后文“By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you’ll fit best.(通过和俱乐部的老会员聊天，你可以决定你最适合哪里)”可知，这些活动提供了与老会员交流的机会，以便了解适合自己的俱乐部。D项The event gives you an idea of each organization.(该活动让您了解每个组织)符合题意，选项中的The event指代上文的an organization fair。故选D项。 【18题详解】 根据前文“For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings.(例如，专业协会经常举行会议，并发出有关行业动态的通讯)”可知，这里是指就业方面的问题，E项It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation.(它还可以让你在毕业后找到一份理想的工作)相呼应符合题意，It指代上文的提到的那件事。故选E项。 【19题详解】 根据上文“Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located.(参加志愿工作是一种切实可行的方式，可以让你所在大学所在的当地社区有所作为)”和后文“It shows a new side of the place you’ll call home for the next several years.(它展示了这个你未来几年称之为家的地方的另一面)”可知，这里说的是志愿者服务和社区之间相辅相成的关系。G项Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in.(志愿服务有助于你感受到与你生活的社区的联系)符合语境，下文的It指代选项中的Volunteering。故选G项。 【20题详解】 根据后文“But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it.(但是，在休息的时候到美国转转是一个很好的机会，可以看到更多的美国)”中的but可知，空处与此处为转折关系，指出学习时旅行不是那么容易的。F项Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year.(念书时出国旅行可能很困难)符合语境。故选F项。 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） I was in my early thirties with a wife and a baby at home. I hadn’t t been able to ____21____ a good-paying job out of college and was ____22____ just to get by. The only work I could find was washing dishes at a restaurant. I guess it didn’t bring out the best in me because then I was fired. I was upset and ____23____. What was I going to do now? How was I going to ____24____ my family? As I clocked out I told one of the cooks what had happened. “Don’t let it ____25____ you,” he said. “It’s just a(n) ____26____. You will have a lot of them over the years. It isn’t who you are. Then he shook my hand, and told me he would ____27____ me. As I walked out to my car, the anger and fear were ____28____ and there was also something else: a sense of ____29____ and a feeling that everything would be alright in the end. I don’t know if my friend remembered his _____30_____ act that day but I still do. He lifted me up in a moment when I was _____31_____. He gave me hope to _____32_____ my uncertainty and fear. And he showed me that when we give and _____33_____ kindness, life is worth living. _____34_____, I never saw my friend again. But I do think wherever he is now, he is still helping others and spreading _____35_____. 21. A. lose B. refuse C. value D. land 22. A. struggling B. learning C. hesitating D. preparing 23. A. sick B. unconcerned C. afraid D. rude 24. A. protect B. separate C. support D. inspire 25. A. upset B. amuse C. satisfy D. please 26. A. project B. challenge C. job D. activity 27. A. leave B. miss C. Instruct D. save 28. A. remaining B. changing C. lessening D. increasing 29. A. achievement B. humor C. hope D. responsibility 30. A. kind B. polite C. strange D. proud 31. A. curious B. moved C. nervous D. down 32. A. notice B. face C. analyze D. control 33. A. expect B. recognize C. receive D. imagine 34. A. Unfortunately B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Generally 35 A. honor B. goodness C. information D. honesty 【答案】21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. A 26. C 27. B 28. C 29. C 30. A 31. D 32. B 33. C 34. A 35. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者自己失业后的心情变化、与同事的对话感受到的善意以及这次经历对自己的深远影响。 【21题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后，我一直没能找到一份高薪工作，只能勉强维持生计。A. lose失去；B. refuse拒绝；C. value重视；D. land着陆、获得。根据下文“The only work I could find was washing dishes at a restaurant.”可知，作者大学毕业后没有找到高薪工作。故选D。 【22题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：大学毕业后，我一直没能找到一份高薪工作，只能勉强维持生计。A. struggling挣扎；B. learning学习；C. hesitating犹豫；D. preparing准备。根据上文“I was in my early thirties with a wife and a baby at home.”和下文“The only work I could find was washing dishes at a restaurant.”可知，作者有家人需要养活，却没能找到高薪的工作。由此可知，作者只能勉强维持生计。故选A。 【23题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我既心烦意乱又惶恐不安。A. sick生病；B. unconcerned不关心的；C. afraid害怕的；D. rude粗鲁的。根据下文“What was I going to do now?”可知，失去工作后，作者感到害怕，不知道该做什么。故选C。 【24题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我要如何养活我的家人呢？A. protect保护；B. separate分开；C. support支持、养活；D. inspire激励。根据上文“I was in my early thirties with a wife and a baby at home.”可知，作者有家人需要养活。而如今失去这份工作，作者感到惶恐不安，不知道怎么养活家人。故选C。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：“别让这件事影响到你，”他说，“这不过是份工作而已。这些年你会经历很多份工作。这并不能定义你是谁。” A. upset使心烦；B. amuse使娱乐；C. satisfy使满意；D. please取悦。根据下文“You will have a lot of them over the years. It isn’t who you are.”可知，这位厨师宽慰作者，让作者不要因此困扰。故选A。 【26题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：“别让这件事影响到你，”他说，“这不过是份工作而已。这些年你会经历很多份工作。这并不能定义你是谁。”A. project项目；B. challenge挑战；C. job工作；D. activity活动。根据上文“The only work I could find was washing dishes at a restaurant. I guess it didn’t bring out the best in me because then I was fired.”可知，这位厨师指的是作者只不过失去一份工作，未来还会有许多工作。故选C。 【27题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然后他和我握了握手，还说他会想念我。A. leave离开；B. miss错过、思念；C. Instruct指导；D. save挽救。根据上文内容可知，作者失去了工作。所以作者以后不会再出现在餐厅。由此可知，厨师是告诉作者自己会想念作者。故选B。 【28题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我走向自己的车时，愤怒和恐惧渐渐消散，同时我心里还涌起了别的感觉：一种希望，以及一种一切最终都会好起来的信念。A. remaining剩下的；B. changing改变的；C. lessening减少的；D. increasing增加的。根据下文“there was also something else: a sense of ____9____ and a feeling that everything would be alright in the end.”可知，作者的愤怒和恐惧逐渐消散，产生了其他情绪。故选C。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我走向自己的车时，愤怒和恐惧渐渐消散，同时我心里还涌起了别的感觉：一种希望，以及一种一切最终都会好起来的信念。A. achievement成就；B. humor幽默；C. hope希望；D. responsibility责任。根据下文“a feeling that everything would be alright in the end”以及“He gave me hope to ____12____ my uncertainty and fear.”可知，听了厨师的话，作者心中有了希望。故选C。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我不知道我的这位朋友是否还记得那天他善意的举动，但我一直都记得。A. kind善良的；B. polite有礼貌的；C. strange奇怪的；D. proud自豪的。根据上文“there was also something else: a sense of ____9____ and a feeling that everything would be alright in the end.”可知，作者听了这位厨师的宽慰后，心情好了很多。由此可知，这是善意的举动。故选A。 【31题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在我情绪低落的时候，他鼓舞了我。A. curious好奇的；B. moved感动的；C. nervous紧张的；D. down情绪低落的。根据上文的“He lifted me up in a moment”以及上文内容可知，这位朋友是在作者心情低落的时候鼓舞了作者。故选D。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他给了我面对未知和恐惧的希望。A. notice注意到；B. face面对；C. analyze分析；D. control控制。根据空前“He gave me hope”以及空后“ my uncertainty and fear”可知，这位朋友的话给了作者面对不确定和恐惧的希望。故选B。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他让我明白，当我们付出并接受善意时，生活才值得过。A. expect期待；B. recognize认出；C. receive收到；D. imagine想象。根据空前的“we give”以及上文作者收到的善意可推测，空处指的是接受善意。故选C。 【34题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：不幸的是，我再也没有见过这位朋友。A. Unfortunately不幸地；B. Surprisingly令人惊讶地；C. Naturally自然地；D. Generally通常地。根据下文“I never saw my friend again.”可知，作者很感激这位朋友，所以没有再见过这位朋友对作者而言是不幸的。故选A。 【35题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我相信，无论他如今身在何处，他仍在帮助他人，传递着善良。A. honor荣誉；B. goodness善良；C. information信息；D. honesty诚实。根据上文“he is still helping others”可知，这位朋友在帮助他人，也就是在传递善良。故选B。 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world witnessed what was described ____36____ “Chongqing speed” in people’s united action in China’s Chongqing that put out over 10 forest fires in less than 10 days. On August 17, a historic heat wave caused forest fires ____37____ (break) out in the mountain city. Under the leadership of China’s emergency management authorities, great efforts from firefighters, police and tens of thousands of volunteers ____38____ (pay) off and all open fires were completely put out on August 26. In the following days, numerous stories, pictures and videos regarding this fire rescue ____39____ (share) on China’s social media. A video that showed a herringbone (人字形) of yellow flame of fire and a line of white light coming from the headlamps on the rescuers in the night view was ____40____ striking that it became ____41____ instant hit. ____42____ put out the fire was a “Great Human Wall” that was formed by the organization and support personnel under the mountain, the transport teams ____43____ (deliver) materials along the way, and the firefighting troops on the mountain top. Among them, Generation Z, classified as those born in the mid-90s to early 2000s, played a ____44____ (remarkable) important role in the whole rescue work. These young group rushed to the frontline of the fire scene without any hesitation, demonstrating the hope and strength of China’s young generation with their bravery, wisdom and _____45_____ (cooperate). 【答案】36 as 37. to break 38. paid 39. were shared 40. so 41. an 42. What 43. delivering 44. remarkably 45. cooperation 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了重庆山火期间，在中国各方人士的共同努力下，很快取得了成功，在10天之内扑灭了10多场山火，向世界展示了“重庆速度”，也展示了中国年青一代的希望和力量。 【36题详解】 考查介词。句意：中国重庆在不到10天的时间里扑灭了10多起森林大火，世界见证了被称为“重庆速度”的人们团结一致的行动。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入介词与后面的名词短语Chongqing speed构成介宾结构。结合句意，be described as“被称为……”符合题意。故填as。 37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：8月17日，史无前例的热浪导致这座山城爆发森林大火。分析句子结构可知，caused“导致”在句中作谓语，空格处的动词为非谓语。此题考查cause+宾语+to do sth的结构，意为“使……做某事，导致……”。故填to break。 【38题详解】 考查时态。句意：在中国应急管理部门的领导下，消防队员、警察和数万名志愿者的巨大努力得到了回报，所有明火于8月26日被完全扑灭。分析句子结构可知，空格处在句中作谓语，且描述的是这些人过去扑灭山火时的努力得到了回报，故时态为一般过去时。短语pay off意为“取得成功，得到回报”时，为不及物动词短语，故用主动语态。故填paid。 【39题详解】 考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意：在接下来的几天里，大量关于这场火灾救援的故事、图片和视频在中国的社交媒体上被分享。分析句子结构可知，提示词share“分享”在句中作谓语。结合语境可知，该句讲述的是过去的事情，时态为一般过去时，且“故事，图片和视频”是被分享的，share要用被动语态，句子的主语stories, pictures and videos是复数，所以构成被动语态的be动词用were。故填were shared。 【40题详解】 考查副词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词striking“引人注目的，惊人的”。结合句意及that可知，此处考查so…that句型，意为“如此……以至于……”。故填so。 【41题详解】 考查冠词。句意：一段视频展示了夜景中的人字形的黄色火焰和救援人员头灯中射出的一道白光，这段视频如此的引人注目以至于它迅速走红了。分析句子结构可知，该句中的hit为名词。结合句意，hit在该句中意为“很受欢迎的人（或事物）”，是可数名词，以单数形式出现时，前要有冠词来限定，该句中是泛指，故用不定冠词，且instant是以元音音素开头的单词，不定冠词要用an。故填an。 【42题详解】 考查从句的引导词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处用来引导主语从句，且在从句中作主语。What引导名词性从句时，翻译比较灵活，可翻译为“……的人/事物”，且可作主语、宾语、表语，符合题意。故填What。 【43题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：扑灭这场大火的是由山下的组织和保障人员、沿途运送物资的运输队、山顶的消防部队组成的“人墙”。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入非谓语动词作名词teams的定语，且teams“队伍”与deliver“运送”为逻辑上的主谓关系，故用现在分词表主动。故填delivering。 【44题详解】 考查副词。句意：其中，90年代中期到21世纪初期初出生的Z世代在整个救援工作中发挥了非常重要的作用。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入副词来修饰形容词important。提示词remarkable为形容词，意为“引人注目的，非凡的”，其副词变形为remarkably。故填remarkably。 【45题详解】 考查名词。句意：这些年轻人毫不犹豫地冲向火灾现场的第一线，用他们的勇敢、智慧和合作展示了中国年轻一代的希望和力量。分析句子结构可知，空格处应填入名词与bravery, wisdom“勇敢，智慧”作并列宾语。提示词cooperate为动词，意为“合作”，其名词变形为cooperation，且为不可数名词。故填cooperation。 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校本周五下午将举行“舞动青春”文艺活动，同时进行网络直播。请给你的新西兰网友Peter写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 内容安排； 3. 邀请观看。 参考词汇：舞动青春Dance for Youth 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 【答案】Dear Peter, I am glad to tell you that there will be a performance to be held in our school this Friday, whose theme is Dance for Youth. The performance is scheduled to take place in our school hall from 15:00 to 17:00, lasting 2 hours. Live broadcast via the Internet will be on at the same time. The activity aims at showing the students’ positive and optimistic spirit as well as their passion of pursuing dreams. There will be various fully prepared performances, including singing, dancing, instrument playing and so on, which will be a visual feast for all of us. I do hope you can join us on line to share the happiness together. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本文篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生邀请新西兰网友Peter在网上观看学校本周五下午举行的“舞动青春”文艺活动。 【详解】1.词汇积累 高兴：glad→happy 被计划：be scheduled to→be planned to 和：as well as→and 各种各样的：various→varieties of 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：The performance is scheduled to take place in our school hall from 15:00 to 17:00, lasting 2 hours. 拓展句：The performance is scheduled to take place in our school hall from 15:00 to 17:00, which will last 2 hours. 【点睛】【高分句型1】I am glad to tell you that there will be a performance to be held in our school this Friday, whose theme is Dance for Youth.（由whose引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型2】There will be various fully prepared performances, including singing, dancing, instrument playing and so on, which will be a visual feast for all of us.（由which引导的非限制性定语从句） 【高分句型3】I do hope you can join us on line to share the happiness together.（由省略连词that引导的宾语从句） 第五部分 用括号内词的正确形式填空（满分10分） 47. Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever ______ (write). （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】written 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：今天，《物种起源》被认为是有史以来最重要的著作之一。此处works与write构成被动关系，故用过去分词作定语。故填written。 48. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, ______ (indicate) drought is arriving. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】indicating 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当没有足够的水时, 一些树会发出咔哒咔哒的声音, 这表明干旱即将来临。空处为句子状语，由于indicate与前文整句是主动关系，应使用现在分词作状语。故填indicating。 49. Once in front of the paintings, they only have limited time to spend ________ (take) in its five metres of scenes along the Bian River in Bianing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】taking 【解析】 【详解】考查动名词。句意：一到画卷面前，由于这幅画卷长达五米，人们只有有限的时间来欣赏画面上汴京汴河沿岸的景色。分析句意可知，此处动词短语take in“欣赏，理解”位于作后置定语的不定式to spend“花费”之后，而spend的结构为spend time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”。故填taking。 50. ______ (lead) by well-known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping, they have continued to aim high. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】Led 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国著名排球运动员和教练郎平的带领下，她们继续力争上游。lead为句子状语，lead和主语they之间是被动关系，使用过去分词作状语，句首单词首字母大写。故填Led。 51. Next, the Chinese team defeated the Netherlands in the semi-final matches, ______ (lose) to them in the preliminaries. （所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】having lost 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语。句意：接下来，中国队在半决赛中击败了荷兰队，在预赛中输给了他们。“defeated”为句子谓语，空处为句子的状语。根据语境，“preliminaries.(预赛)”应该在“semi-final matches(半决赛)”之前，动词lose和主语the Chinese team构成主动关系，并且本动作先于谓语动词的动作发生，应用动词现在分词的完成式作状语。故填having lost。 52. ______ (select) for the NBA in 2009, Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】Selected 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：斯蒂芬2009年入选NBA，加入了金州勇士队。此处Stephen与select之间是逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作状语，首字母大写。故填Selected。 53. The disc, digitally ______ (record) in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】recorded 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这张在录音室数码录制的唱片在那晚的派对上听起来棒极了。The disc与动词record之间构成逻辑上的被动关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。故填recorded。 54. __________ (remind) not to miss the flight at 1520，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 【答案】Reminded 【解析】 【详解】句意：被提醒不要错过在15：20航班,经理匆忙出发去机场。此处是过去分词做原因状语，故答案为Reminded。 55. When we visited my old family home, memory came_________(flood) back. (所给词的适当形式填空) 【答案】flooding 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当我们参观我的老家时，回忆涌入脑海。come flooding back为固定用法，表示“潮水般涌来，涌入脑海”，所以空处应用动词的现在分词形式，符合句意。故填flooding。 56. David threatened ________(report)his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. (所给词的适当形式填空） 【答案】to report 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：大卫威胁说，如果不赔偿损失，他就要向警察报告他的邻居。此处为短语threaten to do sth.，表示“威胁要做某事”。故填to report。 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 2023级高二寒假开学收心考试英语试题 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 1 When did the man see his parents? A. Days ago. B. Weeks ago. C. Months ago. 2. How does the woman prefer to study English? A. By writing articles. B. By reading articles. C. By talking with friends. 3. What does the man wish? A. He had a dog. B. He met other pet owners. C. He could bring his pet to a park. 4. What does the man dislike about chocolate? A. It’s too sweet. B. It hurts his stomach. C. It’s bad for his teeth. 5. What does the man suggest the woman start doing? A. Watching TV shows. B. Making Internet videos. C. Following radio programs. 听下面一段对话，回答第6和第7两个小题。 6. What brand of car is the most popular in the world according to the woman? A. Maserati. B. Ford F-Series. C. Toyota Corolla. 7 Which country are the man’s favorite cars from? A. Italy. B. China. C. The US. 听下面一段对话，回答第8至10三个小题。 8. Why does the man want to take better photos? A. To have fun. B. To get more customers. C. To share with his friends. 9. Where does the woman work? A. At a restaurant. B. At a coffee shop. C. In a clothing shop. 10. How can the woman be described? A. Helpful. B. Impatient. C. Curious. 听下面一段对话，回答第11至13三个小题。 11. Where are the speakers? A. At home. B. In an office. C. On a mountain. 12. What is the woman’s favorite place to go for holidays? A. A beach. B. A forest. C. A playground. 13. Why did the man cancel his traveling plans next month? A. He has soccer games to play. B. He has to take care of his son. C. He has to go on a business trip. 听下面一段对话，回答第14至16三个小题。 14. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. After-school plans. B. A school project. C. British history. 15. What is the probable relationship between the speakers? A. Teacher and student. B. Family members. C. Classmates. 16. What should the woman pay attention to according to the man? A. Deadline. B. Quality. C. Topic. 听下面一段独白，回答第17至20四个小题。 17. Who is the speaker? A. A scientist. B. A firefighter. C. A news reporter. 18. How many people have died in the fires since September? A. Nearly 20. B. Nearly 30. C. Nearly 80. 19. Which state has the most dangerous fires now? A. Victoria. B. South Australia. C. New South Wales. 20. How is the weather expected to be this weekend? A. It’s bad for fighting fires. B. It’s perfect for the fires to stop burning. C. It’s just night for getting away from the fires. 第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分） A Four Most Popular Books Emily’s House by Amy Belding Brown Margaret Maher works as the servant in the family home of poet Emily Dickinson, cleaning, cooking, and defending her hostess from prying (窥探) eyes. Margaret’s special voice brings this novel to life; it’s a viewpoint full of honesty, humor, and clever observations. All In by Billie Jean King The tennis champion writes about her life with self-awareness, while not underplaying her role as a trailblazer (先驱) for women’s rights. She isn’t satisfied with her younger self for feeling a need to hide her sexual identity to safeguard her career, and touches on the damage that secret caused. Pastoral Song by James Rebanks English sheep farmer and writer James Rebanks offers a sustainable method for raising animals, preserving habitat, caring for the environment and helping small farmers all at the same time. Agatha of Little Neon by Claire Luchette This is a novel about desire and sisterhood, figuring out how you fit in (or don’t), and the unexpected friends who help you find your truest self. Agatha is one of four young nuns (修女), who tend to the residents of Little Neon, a house in Rhode Island. She has lived every day of the last nine years with her sisters: they work together, laugh together and pray together. Their world is contained within the little house they share. The four of them are devoted to Mother Roberta and to their quiet, purposeful life. 1. Who will probably be interested in the book Emily’s House? A. Those who support women’s rights. B. Those who love poetry. C. Those who are fond of nature. D. Those who like playing tennis. 2. Which book refers to the way to keep animals? A. Emily’s House. B. All In. C. Pastoral Song. D. Agatha of Little Neon. 3. Who wrote the book telling the story of four sisters? A. Amy Belding Brown. B. Billie Jean King C. James Rebanks D. Claire Luchette. B In the depths of Catoctin Mountain Park, 19-year-old Melita Bell almost broke down. Having been working at Camp Greentop, a summer camp for people with disabilities, for just a week, she didn’t think she could keep going. “I’m gonna quit. This is outside of my comfort zone... I wonder if I’m even making a difference with these campers.” Bell said. The second week, she changed her mind. She grew to love what she was doing. “It’s more physical and harder, because we have campers who have a lot of personal care needs and things like that, but I just got more joy out of it,” she said. Bell came back to camp year after year until she began working full-time at the camp. The camp was created in 1937, supporting people with intellectual and physical disabilities, whether they are developmental or acquired. “They’re not for their condition. They’re here to have fun, to socialize, and to find other people to connect with.” Bell said. Greentop is made up of six sessions (期), each about a week long. Two are for adults (18-plus) only, two are just for ages 7 to 21, and two are for all ages. The adult-only sessions are relatively unstructured, allowing campers to do whichever activity appeals to them. The other sessions are much more structured. Campers cycle between different activities around camp in 45-minute sessions, which kind of gets some campers into trouble. Instructors make sure to “put ability first”. They create ways for every camper to participate in an activity. If a camper can’t use their hands, they can use their mouth to paint during arts and crafts. “Our instructors get a 10-day-long training before camp starts, where they learn to master necessary skills of taking care of people with disabilities. They take the responsibility of caring for youth or adult participants very seriously and do what they can to maintain an environment that improves safety and wellbeing of all participants, as well as encourages personal growth and independence.” Bell said. 4. Who is Camp Greentop targeted at? A. The disabled. B. The young. C. Volunteers. D. Parents. 5. What made Bell continue her work in Greentop? A. The different comfort zone. B. The enjoyment from the job. C. The difficulty of landing a new job. D. The request from the campers. 6. Why does the author mention “use their mouth” in paragraph 4? A. To stress every camper has a say in Greentop. B To suggest Greentop focuses on all-round development. C. To prove Greentop has unique means of testing campers’ skills. D. To show Greentop encourages active involvement of each camper. 7. What can we learn about the instructors in the last paragraph? A. They’re responsible and reliable. B. They’re talented and considerate. C. They’re curious and influential. D. They’re competitive and sensitive. C It was the summer of 2021 and Niesha, then 13, had moved to campus just three weeks earlier knowing almost nothing about AI. In less than a month, her view on A1 and who could participate in building it completely changed. Niesha is one of the high school-aged students to complete the Lakota AI Code Camp — a three-week summer program taught by four Indigenous AI experts from across The country. The camp trains students with little coding (编码) experience in data science, machine learning, and app development. It’s also an attempt to build an Indigenous talent pool, to find and train future experts who can digitally protect Indigenous culture — and keep endangered native languages alive. Indigenous languages are at risk and AI offers hope for revitalization (复兴). That’s the sort of work the camp co-founders, Mason Grimshaw and Michael Running Wolf, are hoping to achieve. But they both ran into the same problem: The workforce of Indigenous AI experts was in extremely short supply. Research has shown that 18% of those who live in tribal (部落的) areas don’t have internet access. And, while Native Americans make up about 2% of the U.S. population, they only account for a small percentage of computer science instructors. At first, the founders didn’t think the camp would succeed because the professional educators they approached all had the same response: There’s no way to teach a 13-year-old Python if they’ve never coded before. That’s not even to mention the technical difficulties the group faced. But they tried anyway just to see how far the kids could go, and they went far. There were still moments of self-doubt among the students, Grimshaw said. Encouragement from people who can understand their background is invaluable. For Niesha, that understanding helped her push through struggles at camp. “One of the best parts of the camp is you can use native humor and people would understand,” Niesha said. By the end “the camp felt like family to me.” That’s why she plans to go back for a third summer. 8. What do we know about Lakota AI Code Camp? A. It invites AI experts from different cultures. B. It helps protect Indigenous cultures and languages. C. It is open to students with good coding experience. D. It trains students in endangered Indigenous languages. 9. How does the author support his idea in paragraph 4? A. By offering statistical data. B. By making comparisons. C. By making classifications. D. By giving examples. 10. What was professional educators’ initial attitude towards Lakota AI Code Camp? A. Confused. B. Favorable. C. Doubtful. D. Uninterested. 11. What mainly motivates Niesha to return for a third summer? A. Access to new technologies. B. A sense of belonging. C. A desire for better humor skills. D. Commitment to promoting local culture. D Honeybees rely heavily on flower patterns not just colors when searching for food, new research shows. A team led by the University of Exeter tested bee behaviour and built bee’s-eye-view simulations (模拟装置) to work out how they see flowers. Honeybees have low resolution vision, so they can only see a flower’s pattern clearly when they are within few centimeters. However, the new’ study shows bees can very effectively distinguish between different flowers by using a combination of colour and pattern. In a series of tests, bees rarely ignored pattern, suggesting colour alone does not lead them to flowers. This may help to explain why some colours that are visible to bees are rarely produced by flowers in nature. “We studied a large amount of data on plants and bee behaviour” said Professor Natalie Hempel, from Centre for Research in Animal Behaviour. “By training and testing bees using man-made patterns of shape and colour, we found they relied flexibly on their ability to see both of these elements. Showing how insects see colour and learn colour patterns is important to understand how pollinators (传粉者) may, or may not, create evolutionary ‘pressures’ on the colours and patterns that flowers have evolved (进化). Our findings suggest that flowers don’t need to evolve too many different flower colours, because they can use patterns to vary their displays so bees can tell them apart from other flowers.” One typical feature identified in the study is that the outside edges of flowers usually contrast strongly with the plant’s leaves while the centre of the flower does not have such a strong contrast with the leaf colour. This could help bees quickly identify colour differences and find their way to flowers. While flowers may be beautiful to humans, Professor Hempel stressed that understanding more about bees and the threats they face meant we need to see the world “through the eyes of a bee and the mind of a bee.” 12. What does the new research focus on? A. The source of bees’ food supply. B. The way of bees finding flowers. C. The effect of bees’ poor eyesight. D. The evolution of bees’ behavior. 13. What does Hempel think of flowers trying to evolve more colours? A. It’s not a must. B. It’s a pressing need. C. It’s beyond belief. D. It’s a temporary solution. 14. What’s paragraph 6 mainly about? A. An explanation of the research intention. B. Dramatic changes in the research strategy. C. Conflict between different research outcomes. D. Supporting evidence for the research findings. 15. What aspect of research into bees did Hempel highlight? A. Research data. B. Research methods. C. Research objects. D. Research frequency. 第二节（每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，选出填入空白处的最佳选项。 Studying in America presents you with unique opportunities to get involved in a community that pushes you to succeed. ____16____ These tips will help you make the most of the four years. Participation in university programs helps you make new friends and establish a connection with your school. At the beginning of the school year, most universities will host an organization fair where every club on campus will be recruiting (招募) new members. ____17____ By chatting with old club members, you can decide where you’ll fit best. To best prepare for your future, growing your professional network is essential. Joining professional student organizations that correspond with your professional interests is a great place to start. For example, professional societies often hold conferences and send out newsletters about industry happenings. Remember to be active and interested in your college years. ____18____ Taking part in voluntary work is a practical way to make a difference in the local community where your university is located. Some organizations like Habitat for Humanity have opportunities throughout the country. Neighborhoods surrounding your university will also have individual needs and service opportunities that will benefit from your help. ____19____ It shows a new side of the place you’ll call home for the next several years. ____20____ But getting around America on breaks can be a great opportunity to see more of it. If you have time, consider taking different trips, in which you can explore different cultures and meet new friends. Gradually, you’ll find your vision broadened and life enriched. A. Being a volunteer can advance your career. B. College is the perfect time to learn and grow. C. Living off campus is a great way to save money. D. The event gives you an idea of each organization. E. It also allows you to get an ideal job after graduation. F. Traveling overseas can be difficult during the school year. G. Volunteering helps you feel connected to the community you live in. 第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分45分） 第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分） I was in my early thirties with a wife and a baby at home I hadn’t t been able to ____21____ a good-paying job out of college and was ____22____ just to get by. The only work I could find was washing dishes at a restaurant. I guess it didn’t bring out the best in me because then I was fired. I was upset and ____23____. What was I going to do now? How was I going to ____24____ my family? As I clocked out I told one of the cooks what had happened. “Don’t let it ____25____ you,” he said. “It’s just a(n) ____26____. You will have a lot of them over the years. It isn’t who you are. Then he shook my hand, and told me he would ____27____ me. As I walked out to my car, the anger and fear were ____28____ and there was also something else: a sense of ____29____ and a feeling that everything would be alright in the end. I don’t know if my friend remembered his _____30_____ act that day but I still do. He lifted me up in a moment when I was _____31_____. He gave me hope to _____32_____ my uncertainty and fear. And he showed me that when we give and _____33_____ kindness, life is worth living. _____34_____, I never saw my friend again. But I do think wherever he is now, he is still helping others and spreading _____35_____. 21. A. lose B. refuse C. value D. land 22. A. struggling B. learning C. hesitating D. preparing 23. A. sick B. unconcerned C. afraid D. rude 24. A. protect B. separate C. support D. inspire 25. A. upset B. amuse C. satisfy D. please 26. A. project B. challenge C. job D. activity 27. A. leave B. miss C. Instruct D. save 28. A. remaining B. changing C. lessening D. increasing 29. A. achievement B. humor C. hope D. responsibility 30. A. kind B. polite C. strange D. proud 31. A. curious B. moved C. nervous D. down 32. A. notice B. face C. analyze D. control 33. A. expect B. recognize C. receive D. imagine 34. A. Unfortunately B. Surprisingly C. Naturally D. Generally 35. A. honor B. goodness C. information D. honesty 第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 The world witnessed what was described ____36____ “Chongqing speed” in people’s united action in China’s Chongqing that put out over 10 forest fires in less than 10 days. On August 17, a historic heat wave caused forest fires ____37____ (break) out in the mountain city. Under the leadership of China’s emergency management authorities, great efforts from firefighters, police and tens of thousands of volunteers ____38____ (pay) off and all open fires were completely put out on August 26. In the following days, numerous stories, pictures and videos regarding this fire rescue ____39____ (share) on China’s social media. A video that showed a herringbone (人字形) of yellow flame of fire and a line of white light coming from the headlamps on the rescuers in the night view was ____40____ striking that it became ____41____ instant hit. ____42____ put out the fire was a “Great Human Wall” that was formed by the organization and support personnel under the mountain, the transport teams ____43____ (deliver) materials along the way, and the firefighting troops on the mountain top. Among them, Generation Z, classified as those born in the mid-90s to early 2000s, played a ____44____ (remarkable) important role in the whole rescue work. These young group rushed to the frontline of the fire scene without any hesitation, demonstrating the hope and strength of China’s young generation with their bravery, wisdom and _____45_____ (cooperate). 第四部分 写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，你校本周五下午将举行“舞动青春”文艺活动，同时进行网络直播。请给你的新西兰网友Peter写封邮件，内容包括： 1. 活动目的； 2. 内容安排； 3. 邀请观看。 参考词汇：舞动青春Dance for Youth 注意： 1. 词数100左右； 2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 第五部分 用括号内词的正确形式填空（满分10分） 47. Today, On the Origin of Species is regarded as one of the most important works ever ______ (write). （所给词的适当形式填空） 48. Some trees make clicking noises when there is not enough water, ______ (indicate) drought is arriving. （所给词的适当形式填空） 49. Once in front of the paintings, they only have limited time to spend ________ (take) in its five metres of scenes along the Bian River in Bianing. (所给词的适当形式填空) 50. ______ (lead) by well-known Chinese volleyball player and coach Lang Ping, they have continued to aim high. （所给词的适当形式填空） 51. Next, the Chinese team defeated the Netherlands in the semi-final matches, ______ (lose) to them in the preliminaries. （所给词的适当形式填空） 52. ______ (select) for the NBA in 2009, Stephen joined the Golden State Warriors. (所给词的适当形式填空) 53. The disc, digitally ______ (record) in the studio, sounded fantastic at the party that night. (所给词的适当形式填空) 54. __________ (remind) not to miss the flight at 1520，the manager set out for the airport in a hurry. 55. When we visited my old family home, memory came_________(flood) back. (所给词的适当形式填空) 56. David threatened ________(report)his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid. (所给词的适当形式填空） 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$