外刊语法填空练习（情人节的变迁、AI(DeepSeek)竞争推动技术进步与市场波动、美国无家可归问题的加剧与忽视、河狸拯救湿地保护项目）-2025届高三英语一轮复习专项

情人节的变迁：从浪漫晚餐到多元庆祝 Valentine's Day remains a popular celebration in Britain, with many 1.________(choose) traditional gifts such as cards, chocolates, and flowers. According to YouGov, 43% of Britons 2.________ celebrated last year gave cards, 25% offered chocolates, and 20% presented flowers. However, dining out on Valentine's Day is becoming less common, with only 6% of 3.________(celebrate) opting for a restaurant meal last year. 4.________, many chose to stay in for a quiet evening with a home-cooked meal or a takeaway. This shift highlights changing social dynamics and attitudes towards romance. In 2023, nearly 40% of the adult population in England and Wales were single, up from 30% in 2001. This increase in singlehood does not mean that people are less inclined to celebrate Valentine's Day. In fact, some women have embraced "Galentine's Day," a term coined 5.________(describe) a celebration focused on female friendships rather than romantic relationships. This trend shows that Valentine's Day is evolving to include a 6.________(broad) range of relationships and social connections. Moreover, the rise in alternative romantic connections 7.________(be) also changing the landscape of Valentine's Day. Polyamorous relationships, 8.________ individuals have more than one partner, are becoming more visible. A YouGov poll in 2023 found that 13% of British adults had considered or participated in polyamorous relationships, while 9.________ 2015 survey indicated that 2% had been in consensual open relationships. These figures suggest that romantic connections are becoming more fluid and diverse. AI(DeepSeek)竞争推动技术进步与市场波动 On January 27th, the market 1.________(witness) a significant upheaval as investors realized the true potential of DeepSeek's 2.________(late) AI models, "v3" and "R1." The reaction was swift and severe, with the market capitalization of American tech firms 3.________(drop) by nearly a trillion dollars. Nvidia, a leading chipmaker and a major player in the AI industry, saw its value plummet by $600 billion. This massive market correction was a clear 4.________(indicate) of how disruptive advancements in AI can be. Despite the initial shock, the release of DeepSeek's models should be seen 5.________ a positive development for the global tech landscape. These advancements demonstrate the power of competition and 6.________(innovate) in driving down costs and making AI more accessible. As AI becomes cheaper and more efficient, it will open up new 7.________(possible) across various industries, from healthcare to transportation, and from finance to education. The potential benefits are enormous, as AI can help solve complex problems, improve productivity, and enhance human capabilities. However, the market's reaction highlights the challenges 8.________ come with rapid technological change. Companies that fail 9.________(keep) pace with innovation risk 10.________(leave) behind, while those that can adapt quickly will thrive. The AI industry is highly competitive, with firms constantly pushing the boundaries of what is possible. This competition is not only driving down costs but also accelerating the pace of development. As a result, we can expect AI to become an even more integral part of our lives in the coming years. 美国无家可归问题的加剧与忽视 In 2024, homelessness in the US reached a record high, with 771,480 people 1.________ homes, marking an 18% increase from the previous year. The situation is particularly 2.________(alarm) for children, with nearly 150,000 under the age of 18 experiencing homelessness, a 33% rise from 2023. Among families with children, homelessness surged by 39%. Despite these staggering figures, the issue remains 3.________(large) under the radar, overshadowed by more sensational news stories. According to the Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD), which conducts an annual "snapshot" survey of homelessness, the actual numbers are likely 4.________(high). The survey only counts those 5.________(live) in shelters, cars, public parks, abandoned buildings, or campgrounds, excluding the many 6.________ are "couch surfing." Experts like Barbara Duffield, executive director of SchoolHouse Connection, note that many families with school-aged children fall into this hidden category. Even 7.________ affluent areas like Chicago's suburbs, local schools report a significant number of homeless students. In fact, 5.3% of students in preschool through eighth grade in one upscale district were homeless in 2022-2023, while Chicago public schools identified 26,800 homeless students, or 8.29%, in 2023-2024. The rise in homelessness is primarily driven by a critical shortage of 8.________(afford) housing, exacerbated by the end of pandemic housing relief. Robin Stuht, a homeless liaison(联络人) for a school district in Wisconsin, describes the "new face of homelessness" 9.________ dual-income(双收入) families, both working full-time jobs, 10.________ rent has doubled or tripled, forcing them to sleep in cars, tents, or garages. In her district, over 10% of students are homeless, including 43 teen mothers and 12 families with children living in cars. 自然的力量：河狸拯救湿地保护项目 In the Brdy Protected Landscape Area of the Czech Republic, a significant conservation project 1.________(face) a critical challenge. The Klabava River was losing water through a bypass gully, draining valuable wetland areas. The administration secured substantial funding 2.________(address) the issue, but the project quickly became mired(陷入困境) in administrative red tape. As 3.________(official) struggled to obtain the necessary building permits, the future of the project looked bleak. Just as it seemed that the project would fail, a family of European beavers(海狸) intervened. In a 4.________(remark) turn of events, the beavers began constructing dams using trees, branches, mud, stones, and grass. Their efforts created ideal 5.________(environment) conditions, effectively solving the problem that had stumped human engineers. "Nature took its course," said Bohumil Fišer, head of the Brdy Protected Landscape Area. The 6.________(beaver) work not only saved the project but also expanded the wetland area to 7.________(two) its planned size, creating a complex network of pools and canals. The estimated savings for the Czech government were substantial, 8.________(reach) 30 million Czech koruna. Moreover, the beavers' intervention highlighted the importance of natural solutions in conservation efforts. Jaroslav Obermajer, branch head of the Czech Nature and Landscape Protection Agency, noted that beavers often choose the best locations for their dams, sometimes better than human designs. "Beavers always know best," he said. "The places 9.________ they build dams are always chosen just right."This unexpected 10.________(intervent) by the beavers has broader implications for environmental conservation. 答案和解析： 1.情人节的变迁：从浪漫晚餐到多元庆祝 choosing 解析：此处需要一个现在分词作定语，修饰“many”，表示“选择传统礼物的人”。 who 解析：引导定语从句，修饰“Britons”，在从句中作主语。 celebrators 解析：需要一个名词复数形式，表示“庆祝情人节的人”。 Instead 解析：表示转折，意为“相反”，引导后文提到的“选择在家庆祝”的现象。 to describe 解析：此处需要一个不定式作后置定语，修饰“term”，表示“被创造出来描述……的术语”。 broader 解析：形容词比较级，表示“情人节的庆祝范围变得更加广泛”。 is 解析：主语为“the rise”，表示“上升”这一现象，谓语动词用单数形式。 where 解析：引导定语从句，修饰“Polyamorous relationships”，在从句中作地点状语。 a 解析：表示“一项调查”，用不定冠词修饰“survey”。 leaving 解析：此处用动名词作宾语，表示“被抛在后面的风险”。 2.AI（DeepSeek）竞争推动技术进步与市场波动 witnessed 解析：过去时态，表示“市场见证了……”。 latest 解析：形容词，表示“最新的”，修饰“AI models”。 dropping 解析：现在分词作宾语补足语，表示“市值下降”。 indicator 解析：名词，表示“标志”，作表语。 as 解析：介词，表示“作为……看待”。 innovation 解析：名词，与“competition”并列，表示“创新”。 possibilities 解析：名词复数，表示“新的可能性”。 that 解析：引导定语从句，修饰“challenges”，在从句中作主语。 to keep 解析：不定式作后置定语，修饰“companies”，表示“跟上创新步伐的公司”。 being left 解析：动名词的被动形式，表示“被抛在后面的风险”。 3.美国无家可归问题的加剧与忽视 without 解析：介词，表示“没有家”，修饰“people”。 alarming 解析：形容词，表示“令人担忧的”，修饰“situation”。 largely 解析：副词，表示“在很大程度上”，修饰“under the radar”。 higher 解析：形容词比较级，表示“实际数字可能更高”。 living 解析：现在分词作后置定语，“修饰those”，表示“居住在……的人”。 who 解析：引导定语从句，修饰“many”，在从句中作主语。 in 解析：介词，表示“在……地区”，修饰“affluent areas”。 affordable 解析：形容词，表示“可负担的”，修饰“housing”。 as 解析：介词，表示“作为……”，修饰“dual-income families”。 where 解析：引导定语从句，修饰“rent”，在从句中作地点状语。 4.自然的力量：河狸拯救湿地保护项目 faced 解析：过去分词作定语，修饰“conservation project”，表示“面临挑战的项目”。 to address 解析：不定式作目的状语，表示“为了解决问题”。 officials 解析：名词复数，表示“官员们”。 remarkable 解析：形容词，表示“令人惊叹的”，修饰“turn of events”。 environmental 解析：形容词，表示“环境的”，修饰“conditions”。 beavers' 解析：名词所有格，表示“河狸的工作”。 twice 解析：副词，表示“两倍”，修饰“its planned size”。 reaching 解析：现在分词作定语，修饰“savings”，表示“达到……”。 where 解析：引导定语从句，修饰“places”，在从句中作地点状语。 intervention 解析：名词，表示“干预”，作主语。 语篇翻译： 1.情人节仍然是英国人庆祝的重要节日，其中43%的人会选择赠送贺卡，25%的人会选择赠送巧克力，20%的人会选择赠送鲜花。然而，去年只有6%的人选择外出共进情人节晚餐，更多人倾向于选择在家烹饪或点外卖度过一个安静的夜晚。这种变化反映了社会动态和对浪漫态度的转变。 2023年，英格兰和威尔士的单身成年人比例接近40%，高于2001年的30%。单身人数的增加并不意味着人们不再庆祝情人节。事实上，一些女性开始拥抱“闺蜜情人节”，这是一种以女性友谊为中心的庆祝方式，而不是浪漫关系。这一趋势表明，情人节正在演变，以涵盖更广泛的关系和社会联系。 此外，替代性的浪漫关系的兴起也在改变情人节的格局。多边恋爱关系（即一个人有多个伴侣）越来越受到关注。2023年的一项YouGov调查显示，13%的英国成年人考虑过多边恋爱关系或参与其中，而2015年的调查表明，2%的人曾处于开放的恋爱关系中。这些数据表明，浪漫关系变得更加灵活和多样化。 2.1月27日，市场见证了重大动荡，因为投资者意识到DeepSeek最新人工智能模型“v3”和“R1”的真正潜力。反应迅速而剧烈，美国科技公司的市值下降了近1万亿美元。作为人工智能领域的主要参与者和领先的芯片制造商，英伟达的价值暴跌了6000亿美元。这一巨大的市场调整清楚地表明了人工智能进步的颠覆性。 尽管最初受到冲击，但DeepSeek模型的发布应被视为全球科技格局的积极发展。这些进步展示了竞争和创新在降低成本和使人工智能更易于获取方面的力量。随着人工智能变得更便宜、更高效，它将在各个行业（从医疗保健到交通，从金融到教育）开辟新的可能性。潜在的好处是巨大的，因为人工智能可以帮助解决复杂问题、提高生产力并增强人类能力。 然而，市场的反应突显了快速技术变革带来的挑战。未能跟上创新步伐的公司可能会被甩在后面，而能够快速适应的公司将会蓬勃发展。人工智能行业竞争激烈，各公司不断突破可能的边界。这种竞争不仅在降低成本，还在加速发展速度。因此，我们可以预期在未来几年，人工智能将成为我们生活中更加不可或缺的一部分。 3.2024年，美国无家可归人数达到了创纪录的771,480人，比前一年增加了18%。儿童的情况尤其令人担忧，近15万名18岁以下的儿童经历了无家可归，比2023年增加了33%。有子女的家庭无家可归人数激增了39%。尽管这些数字令人震惊，但这一问题仍然被忽视，被更耸人听闻的新闻故事所掩盖。 根据美国住房和城市发展部（HUD）进行的年度“快照”调查，实际数字可能更高。该调查仅统计那些住在庇护所、汽车、公共公园、废弃建筑或露营地的人，排除了那些“沙发冲浪”的人。像芭芭拉·达菲德这样的专家指出，许多有学龄儿童的家庭属于这一被隐藏的类别。即使在芝加哥郊区等富裕地区，当地学校报告的无家可归学生数量也相当可观。事实上，2022-2023学年，一个高档学区的学前教育到八年级学生中有5.3%是无家可归的，而2023-2024学年，芝加哥公立学校识别出26,800名无家可归学生，占8.29%。 无家可归人数的增加主要是由于可负担住房的严重短缺，这一问题因疫情住房援助的结束而加剧。威斯康星州一个学区的无家可归联络员罗宾·斯图特描述了无家可归的“新面孔”：双收入家庭，两人都全职工作，但租金翻倍甚至 tripled，迫使他们睡在汽车、帐篷或车库里。在她的学区，超过10%的学生无家可归，包括43名青少年母亲和12个有子女的家庭住在汽车里。 4.自然的力量：河狸拯救湿地保护项目 在捷克的布尔迪保护景观区，一个重要的保护项目面临着严峻的挑战。克拉巴瓦河通过一个旁流失去了水分，导致宝贵的湿地面积缩小。为此，管理局筹集了大量资金来解决这一问题，但项目很快陷入了行政手续的繁琐之中。当官员们努力获取必要的建筑许可时，项目的未来显得黯淡无光。 就在项目似乎要失败时，一群欧洲河狸介入了。在一个令人惊叹的转折中，河狸开始用树木、树枝、泥土、石头和草建造水坝。它们的努力创造了理想的环境条件，有效地解决了困扰人类工程师的问题。布尔迪保护景观区负责人博胡米尔·菲舍尔表示：“大自然自有其运行方式。”河狸的工作不仅拯救了该项目，还将湿地面积扩大到原计划的两倍，形成了一个复杂的池塘和运河网络。 对捷克政府来说，节省的费用是相当可观的，达到了3000万捷克克朗。此外，河狸的干预突显了自然解决方案在保护工作中的重要性。捷克自然与景观保护局的雅罗斯拉夫·奥贝迈耶指出，河狸通常会选择建造水坝的最佳地点，有时甚至比人类的设计更好。他说：“河狸总是知道最好的选择。它们建造水坝的地点总是恰到好处。” 河狸的这一意外干预对环境保护具有更广泛的意义。 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$