精品解析：广东省深圳市龙华区2024-2025学年高二上学期期末英语试题

龙华区中小学2024-2025学年第一学期期末学业质量监测试卷 高二英语 说明：1.试卷共10页，卷面满分130分。考试用时120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。 3.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。 第一部分 基础知识 单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. Many young people are now willing to sign _______ organ donation agreement on the birthday of 18. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查冠词。句意：现在很多年轻人都愿意在18岁生日时签署器官捐赠协议。agreement是可数名词的单数形式，表泛指，前面要加不定冠词，organ是元音音素开头，因此不定冠词用an。故选B。 2. When teachers _______ exercises on vocabulary to students, it is advisable to avoid repetitive memorization. A. assign B. return C. link D. promote 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当老师给学生布置词汇练习时，最好避免重复记忆。A. assign布置，指派；B. return归还；C. link使联系在一起；D. promote促进。根据后文“it is advisable to avoid repetitive memorization (最好避免重复记忆)”可知，后面的建议是针对布置词汇练习的，assign“布置，指派”符合题意，短语assign sth. to sb.表示“指派某人做某事，给某人布置某事”。故选A。 3. People’s _______ for Li Bai fully demonstrates the long-lasting significance of the poet. A. vision B. motivation C. concept D. enthusiasm 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：人们对李白的热情充分展示了这位诗人经久不衰的意义。A. vision视野；B. motivation动机；C. concept概念；D. enthusiasm热情。结合句意，此处表示的是人们对李白的“热情”符合语境。故选D项。 4. With technology developing, it is essential to guarantee users’ data _______ and privacy. A. analysis B. security C. integrity D. collection 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：随着技术的发展，保障用户的数据安全和隐私至关重要。A. analysis分析；B. security安全；C. integrity正直；D. collection收藏品。由“With technology developing, it is essential to guarantee users’ data”可知，句子表示“随着技术的发展，保障用户的数据安全和隐私至关重要”，空格处意为“安全”。故选B。 5. I firmly believe that even a _______ smile can bridge gaps between people from different countries. A. complicated B. mature C. genuine D. distant 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我坚信，即使是真诚的微笑也能弥合不同国家人民之间的隔阂。A. complicated复杂的；B. mature成熟的；C. genuine真诚的；D. distant遥远的。由“smile can bridge gaps between people from different countries”可知，句子表示“即使是真诚的微笑也能弥合不同国家人民之间的隔阂”，空格处意为“真诚的”。故选C。 6. Timely feedback allows you to _______ reflect on what you have done and make progress. A. randomly B. occasionally C. instantly D. rarely 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：及时的反馈可以让你立即反思你所做的事情并取得进步。A. randomly随机地；B. occasionally偶尔；C. instantly立刻；D. rarely很少。由“Timely feedback”和“reflect on what you have done and make progress”可知，句子表示“及时的反馈可以让你立即反思你所做的事情并取得进步”，空格处意为“立刻”。故选C。 7. Tina’s childhood memories _______ as she thumbed through her family photograph album. A cracked a smile B. went wild C. did the trick D. came to life 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：当Tina翻阅着家庭相册时，她的童年记忆仿佛活灵活现地重现了。A. cracked a smile展颜微笑；B. went wild发狂；C. did the trick获得成功；D. came to life活跃起来，复活。由“Tina’s childhood memories”和“as she thumbed through her family photograph album”可知，句子表示“当Tina翻阅着家庭相册时，她的童年记忆仿佛活灵活现地重现了”，空格处意为“活跃起来，复活”。故选D。 8. _______ your doubts and worries and believe yourself at every coming difficulty. A. Ponder over B. Lay aside C. Throw light on D. Bring out 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：放下你的疑虑和担忧，在每一次困难来临时相信自己。A. Ponder over沉思，深思；B. Lay aside暂时搁置一边；C. Throw light on使……显得清楚；D. Bring out使（某种通常不易显露的行为或情感）显现，激发。根据“believe yourself at every coming difficulty (在每一次困难来临时相信自己)”可知，Lay aside“暂时搁置一边”符合题意，建议放下疑虑和担忧，引出后面的相信。故选B。 9. _______ quite a few productions of Hamlet, such as plays and films, I know more about Shakespeare. A. Refer to B. To refer to C. Refers to D. Having referred to 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：看过不少哈姆雷特的作品，如戏剧和电影，我更了解莎士比亚。句中谓语是know，空格处用非谓语动词，I和refer to之间是主谓关系，refer to的动作先于know发生，因此空格处用现在分词的完成式having referred to，作状语。故选D。 10. _______ problems arise during the exam, you should stay calm and think clearly. A. Whatever B. However C. Whoever D. Wherever 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：无论考试过程中出现什么问题，你都应该保持冷静和清晰的思维。A. Whatever无论什么；B. However无论怎样；C. Whoever无论谁；D. Wherever无论哪里。本空引导让步状语从句，从句缺少定语，且此处应表达“无论什么问题”，所以用Whatever引导。故选A。 11. It was not until I saw the documentary _______ I understood the importance of protecting wild animals. A. when B. that C. before D. after 【答案】B 【解析】 【详解】考查强调句。句意：直到我看了这部纪录片，我才明白保护野生动物的重要性。根据句意和It was not until可知，句子是“直到……才……”的强调句，结构是“It was not until...that...”，因此空格处是that。故选B。 12. Stay with those people who can share your values, with _______ you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself. A. that B. who C. them D. whom 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查定语从句。句意：和那些能分享你价值观的人呆在一起，和他们在一起你可以开心、欢笑、享受自己。空格处是“介词+which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词people是人，因此空格处用whom，故选D。 13. Since he retired, he _______ around the garden for hours every afternoon, tending to his flowers. A. has been wandering B. had wandered C. has wandered D. will be wandering 【答案】A 【解析】 【详解】考查时态和主谓一致。句意：退休后，他每天下午都要在花园里闲逛几个小时，照顾他的花。由Since可知，句子时态用现在完成时，在花园里闲逛的动作可能会继续下去，因此时态用现在完成进行时，表示一个从过去持续到现在，还有可能继续下去的动作，主语he是单数，因此空格处是has been wandering。故选A。 14. They _______ the travel plan thoroughly before booking the tickets, making sure that every detail was carefully considered. A. discuss B. were discussing C. have discussed D. had discussed 【答案】D 【解析】 【详解】考查时态。句意：在订票之前，他们已经对旅行计划进行了充分的讨论，确保每个细节都考虑周全。由“before booking the tickets”以及“making sure that every detail was carefully considered”可知，discuss的动作发生在过去的过去，因此时态用过去完成时，故选D。 15. Listening to Talk Shows is a popular pastime among young people. After all, it really is true that _______ . A. gold will shine wherever it is B. actions speak louder than words C. laughter is the best medicine D. one good turn deserves another 【答案】C 【解析】 【详解】考查谚语。句意：听脱口秀是年轻人中一种很受欢迎的消遣方式。毕竟，笑是最好的药，这是真的。A. gold will shine wherever it is金子在哪里都会发光；B. actions speak louder than words事实胜于雄辩；C. laughter is the best medicine笑是最好的药；D. one good turn deserves another善有善报。由“Listening to Talk Shows is a popular pastime among young people”可知，句子表示“听脱口秀是年轻人中一种很受欢迎的消遣方式。毕竟，笑是最好的药，这是真的”，空格处意为“笑是最好的药”。故选C。 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that can be reserved for events taking place from May 1 to September 30, including Marshall Community Park, Fisher Basin Community Park, Leroy Haagen Memorial Park and Marine Community Park. Reservation guidelines: ●All picnic shelters are available on a first-come, first-served basis at no charge, from October 1 to April 30. ●The reservation fee gives you access for the full day for events taking place from May 1 to September 30. Pricing: ●Fisher Basin Park: Resident $92/Non-Resident $122 ●Marshall Park: Resident $92/Non-Resident $122 ●LeRoy Haagen Park: Resident $94/Non-Resident $118 ●Marine Park: Resident $83/Non-Resident $104 Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy ●If canceled one month or more before the rental date, 100% of the fee will be refunded (退款). ●If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded. ●No refunds will be granted if the reservation is canceled less than one week prior to the rental date. Frequently Asked Questions: Q: Is there a way to find out if an event is already scheduled at a park? A: Yes. Contact Marshall Community Center at 360-487-7100 to find out about events taking place in our parks. Q: What facilities are included with a picnic shelter reservation? A: Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter (there is no electricity at Marine Park). Playground amenities and restrooms will be shared with the public. Pop-up tents and loudspeakers are not provided. Park Use Permits Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation. It gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park. 16. What is the reservation fee on May 5 for residents? A. $83 for Marshall Park. B. $122 for Fisher Basin Park. C. $94 for LeRoy Haagen Park. D. $118 for Marine Park. 17. What facilities are available in all the reservations? A. Picnic tables. B. Electricity supply. C. Pop-up tents. D. Loudspeakers. 18 What is the purpose of the passage? A. To promote outdoor events in Vancouver parks. B. To provide information for Vancouver shelter reservations. C. To describe the features of different parks in Vancouver. D. To introduce the history of Vancouver Parks and Recreation. 【答案】16. C 17. A 18. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是Vancouver Parks and Recreation提供的四座带遮蔽的野餐凉亭的预订信息。 【16题详解】 细节理解题。根据Pricing:部分“●LeRoy Haagen Park: Resident $94/Non-Resident $118(LeRoy Haagen Park：居民94美元/非居民118美元)”可知，5月5日LeRoy Haagen Park的本地居民预订费是94美元。故选C。 【17题详解】 细节理解题。根据Frequently Asked Questions:部分“Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter(there is no electricity at Marine Park).(预订包括使用凉亭处所有的野餐桌（海洋公园没有电）)”可知，预订的地方有野餐桌，故选A。 【18题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文，尤其是第一段“Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that can be reserved for events taking place from May 1 to September 30, including Marshall Community Park, Fisher Basin Community Park, Leroy Haagen Memorial Park and Marine Community Park.(Vancouver Parks and Recreation维护着四座带遮蔽的野餐凉亭，这些凉亭可供5月1日至9月30日期间举办的活动预订使用，包括Marshall Community Park, Fisher Basin Community Park, Leroy Haagen Memorial Park和Marine Community Park)”可知，本文主要介绍的是Vancouver Parks and Recreation提供的四座带遮蔽的野餐凉亭的预订信息，因此本文的目的是提供Vancouver带遮蔽的野餐凉亭的预订的相关信息。故选B。 B Frank Caprio is a well-known judge who has gained popularity for his caring and understanding approach in the courtroom. Born on November 23, 1936, Caprio serves as the Chief Judge of the Providence Municipal Court in Rhode Island, USA. His trials have been turned into a television program called “Caught in Providence”, which airs on local Fox stations and presents his work. Caprio’s decisions often reflect a mixture of legal strictness and human warmth. He is known for his merciful judgments and his ability to connect with the people before him. For instance, in one case, a 96-year-old man was brought before Caprio for speeding in a school zone. The elderly man explained that he was driving his 63-year-old son, who has cancer, to a blood test. After hearing the man’s story, Caprio responded with sympathy, highlighting the man’s dedication to his family at an advanced age. Judge Caprio has been called “the warmest judge” by his admirers because of his way of handling justice. His trials prove that the law can be applied with understanding and mercy, which has made him a beloved figure both in the United States and around the world. Another heartwarming example is that Caprio once canceled a double fine for a truck driver who hadn’t got a notice for a previous fine. After the case was dismissed, the driver shared that 20 years ago, as a lost teenager, Caprio had asked him about his future dreams during a trial, a question that marked a turning point in the driver’s life. Caprio’s story is not just about his role as a judge but also about how a single kind act can affect someone’s life. His way of working as a judge shows that justice can be done with sympathy and that sometimes a kind word can change a person’s path for the better. 19. What makes Frank Caprio popular? A. His appearances in a TV program. B. His ability to solve complex legal cases. C. His balance of mercy and justice in trials. D. His strict legal decisions in the courtroom. 20. Which word can best describe Judge Caprio in dealing with the speeding case? A. Flexible. B. Stubborn. C. Generous. D. Passionate. 21. What lasting impact did Judge Caprio have on the truck driver? A. He taught the driver the importance of obeying traffic laws. B. He inspired the driver to map out his future life path. C. He eased the driver’s financial burden by canceling the fine. D. He encouraged the driver to take responsibility for his actions. 22. What is the best title for the text? A. The Life and Work of Frank Caprio B. The Challenges of Modern Justice C. The Role of a Judge in the Courtroom D. The Humanity of a Judge in the Courtroom 【答案】19. C 20. A 21. B 22. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Frank Caprio是一位以同情和理解著称的法官，他在法庭上人性化的判决展现了法律与仁慈的结合，其善意的言行对许多人产生了深远的影响。 【19题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Frank Caprio is a well-known judge who has gained popularity for his caring and understanding approach in the courtroom. (Frank Caprio是一位著名的法官，他因在法庭上充满关怀和理解的态度而广受欢迎)”和第四段中“His trials prove that the law can be applied with understanding and mercy, which has made him a beloved figure both in the United States and around the world. (他的审判证明，法律可以在理解和仁慈的基础上得到执行，这使他成为美国和世界各地备受爱戴的人物)”可知，他的受欢迎源于他在审判中平衡了仁慈与正义。故选C项。 【20题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段中“The elderly man explained that he was driving his 63-year-old son, who has cancer, to a blood test. After hearing the man’s story, Caprio responded with sympathy, highlighting the man’s dedication to his family at an advanced age. (这位老人解释说，他当时正开车载着他63岁、患有癌症的儿子去做血液检查。听完老人的讲述后，Caprio表现出同情，并赞扬了老人在高龄时仍对家庭如此奉献的精神)”可知，Caprio没有机械地执行法律，而是根据老人的特殊情况表现出理解和同情。这反映了他对案件的个性化考量，他是灵活的。故选A项。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“After the case was dismissed, the driver shared that 20 years ago, as a lost teenager, Caprio had asked him about his future dreams during a trial, a question that marked a turning point in the driver’s life. (案件被撤销后，这位司机分享道，20年前，当他还是一个迷茫的少年时，Caprio在一次审判中询问了他关于未来梦想的问题，这个问题成为了他人生中的一个转折点)”可知，Caprio的言行对司机产生了深远影响，激励他规划未来。故选B项。 【22题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是最后一段“Caprio’s story is not just about his role as a judge but also about how a single kind act can affect someone’s life. His way of working as a judge shows that justice can be done with sympathy and that sometimes a kind word can change a person’s path for the better. (Caprio的故事不仅仅关于他作为法官的角色，还关于一个善意的举动如何影响一个人的一生。他作为法官的工作方式表明，正义可以在同情的基础上实现，有时一句温暖的话语就能改变一个人的命运，使其走向更好的方向)”可知，文章主要讲述了Caprio在法庭上如何通过同情和理解来执行法律，展现了他在审判中的人性化一面。因此，D项“法庭上法官的人性”契合文章主旨，适合作为文章标题。故选D项。 C What’s the oldest meal you’ve eaten? Maybe you’ve had leftovers from a few days ago. They probably still tasted good. But what if it wasn’t a few days ago? What if you ate a 60-day-old stew? Or a 49-year-old beef noodle soup? Perpetual (永久的) stew is a dish that is never taken off the heat; it’s never finished. As portions are served, new ingredients are added to the pot to replace them. One day’s stew becomes the basis of the following days’ meals. There have been some famous examples. This year, Annie Rauwerda’s 60-day stew became a social media sensation. One Bangkok restaurant claims to have been cooking its beef noodle soup since the 1970s. It has been suggested that perpetual stew was a tradition in Medieval Europe, when the effort required to start a fire meant that they were left to burn all day, and a pot of stew was always boiling slowly on top of it. One New York Times article tells us about a stew in Normandy that was kept cooking for 300 years. This tradition may date back to the Middle Ages, but thankfully, our understanding of food safety has developed since then. In a world where food is often thrown away once it reaches its use-by date, many people have asked how safe perpetual stew can actually be. Experts are divided. Some maintain that as long as the stew is kept bubbling away at a temperature too high for bacteria to survive, it should be safe. Others suggest that meat can become dangerous if it’s left in the stew for too long. Concerns have also been raised that some vegetables, such as potatoes, or those containing nitrates (硝酸盐), could become more poisonous the more they are reheated. Advocates of slow cooking believe that the best food takes time, but even they may be surprised by a months- or years-old perpetual stew. 23. What do we know about perpetual stew? A. It is the basis of modern meals. B. It is continuously cooked. C. It is a popular social trend. D. It is served in portions. 24. Why does the author list examples of perpetual stew in paragraph 2? A. To exhibit its diverse forms. B. To introduce its history. C. To show its popularity. D. To explain its working principles. 25. Which of the following is a concern about perpetual stew according to the passage? A. Loss of flavor. B. Lack of nutrition. C. Hotbed for bacteria. D. Rises in poisonousness. 26. What is the author’s attitude toward perpetual stew? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Critical. 【答案】23. B 24. A 25. D 26. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了“永久炖菜”，即一种持续加热、不断添加新食材的烹饪方式，并列举了其历史、各种形式以及关于其安全性的争议。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Perpetual (永久的) stew is a dish that is never taken off the heat; it’s never finished. As portions are served, new ingredients are added to the pot to replace them. One day’s stew becomes the basis of the following days’ meals. (永久炖菜是一种从未停止加热、也从未完成的菜肴。随着部分被食用，新的食材会被加入锅中以替换被吃掉的部分。一天的炖菜会成为接下来几天餐食的基础)”可知，永久炖菜的特点是持续烹饪。故选B项。 【24题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“This year, Annie Rauwerda’s 60-day stew became a social media sensation. One Bangkok restaurant claims to have been cooking its beef noodle soup since the 1970s. It has been suggested that perpetual stew was a tradition in Medieval Europe, when the effort required to start a fire meant that they were left to burn all day, and a pot of stew was always boiling slowly on top of it. One New York Times article tells us about a stew in Normandy that was kept cooking for 300 years. (今年，Annie Rauwerda的60天炖菜在社交媒体上引起了轰动。曼谷一家餐厅声称，他们的牛肉面汤从20世纪70年代就开始持续烹饪。有人认为，永久炖菜是中世纪欧洲的传统，当时生火需要耗费大量精力，因此火会整天燃烧，而一锅炖菜则始终在其上缓慢沸腾。《纽约时报》的一篇文章提到，诺曼底有一锅炖菜持续烹饪了300年)”可知，这里列举了各地的永久炖菜，包括Annie Rauwerda的60天炖菜、曼谷一家餐厅的牛肉面汤以及诺曼底持续烹饪300年的炖菜。这些例子展示了永久炖菜丰富多样的形式。故选A项。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Concerns have also been raised that some vegetables, such as potatoes, or those containing nitrates (硝酸盐), could become more poisonous the more they are reheated. (人们还担心，一些蔬菜，如土豆或含有硝酸盐的蔬菜，加热得越久，毒性就越大)”可知，对永久炖菜的一个担忧是毒性增加。故选D项。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。通读全文可知，作者在文章中既提到了永久炖菜的历史和各种形式，也讨论了其安全性问题，并未表现出明显的偏好或倾向，而是以客观的（Objective）态度呈现信息。故选C项。 D Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait (鱼饵) on the end of a fishing rod. However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organized creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. So, what makes worms so great? Earthworms move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they expose the soil to the fresh air by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it, which increases the ground’s ability to hold and drain water. They are effectively a small but very efficient farming tool. But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise. In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in waxworm saliva (唾液). These are plastic-eating enzymes, which can decompose polyethylene, a very common plastic that normally degrades over many years. It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an industry-level scale, we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution. And worms are even inspiring the building industry. Bloodworms are small sea creatures that dig into the mud of the ocean floor. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara, have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. So, next time you see a worm, show it a little respect. They really are changing the world! 27. Why does the author raise a question at the beginning? A. To compare worms with other animals. B. To discuss the limited use of worms. C. To emphasize the complexity of worms. D. To challenge the prejudice against worms. 28. What does the underlined word “degrades” mean in paragraph 4? A. Breaks down. B. Falls behind. C. Runs out. D. Cleans off. 29. How do bloodworms influence the building industry? A. They provide a new building material. B. They are used in construction equipment. C. Their jaws offer ideas for building design. D. Their jaws are made from copper material. 30. What is the passage mainly about? A. The biological evolution of worm. B. The environmental impact of worms. C. The various scientific uses of worms. D. The underestimated importance of worms. 【答案】27. D 28. A 29. C 30. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍蠕虫在土壤改良、塑料分解和建筑材料设计等方面的作用，揭示了它们被低估的重要性，并呼吁人们重新认识这些“默默无闻的英雄”。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait (鱼饵) on the end of a fishing rod. However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. (蠕虫是我们未曾意识到的英雄吗？它们安静、黏滑且扭动，你可能会认为蠕虫除了作为鱼竿上的鱼饵外毫无用处。然而，这种不起眼的蠕虫远比表面看起来更有价值)”可知，文章开头通过提问引发读者思考，随后指出人们对蠕虫的普遍偏见，并进一步揭示蠕虫的重要作用，旨在挑战这种偏见。故选D项。 【28题详解】 词句猜测题。根据画线词的下文“It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an industry-level scale, we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution. (希望通过大规模生产这些酶，我们能够找到一种更环保的方式来减少塑料污染)”可知，生产这些酶有望减少塑料污染，由此推知，前一句介绍的是这些酶对分解塑料的作用，而这种塑料通常会在多年后才会降解，画线词意为“降解，分解”，与Breaks down“分解”意思一致。故选A项。 【29题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara, have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. (加州大学圣巴巴拉分校的科学家一直在研究它们的下颚，这些下颚由10%的铜蛋白组成，非常坚固，能够支撑蠕虫整个五年的生命周期。基于这项研究，工程师们可能会以下颚为灵感，设计和制造类似混凝土的材料)”可知，血蠕虫的下颚为建筑行业提供了设计灵感。故选C项。 【30题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段中“However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. (然而，这种不起眼的蠕虫远比表面看起来更有价值)”和最后一段中“They really are changing the world! (它们真的在改变世界)”可知，文章通过介绍蠕虫在土壤改良、塑料分解和建筑材料设计等方面的作用，强调了它们被低估的重要性。故选D项。 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The 20-Minute Rule to Accomplish Any Task Do you often struggle to begin tasks on schedule and find excuses to delay the start time? Do you choose to do something else instead of focusing on tasks that need immediate attention? ____31____ The basic idea is that if you have a task you don’t want to do, tell yourself you only need to do it for 20 minutes. The 20-minute rule is very simple. Next time you dread doing something, set a timer for 20 minutes, and start working on whatever you’ve been putting off. When the timer goes off, reset it and take a 20-minute break to focus on a different task or do something else you’re more interested in. ____32____ After a few cycles of this, you’ll find you’ve built up strength and can keep working on the task you previously dreaded. The 20-minute rule is designed to help you start developing new emotions in connection with a task. The thing is, the 20-minute rule is not actually meant to get the job done at all. ____33____ Often, once you set out, it becomes easier to continue, and you may find yourself willing to work beyond the initial 20 minutes. If you used the 20-minute rule to start studying for your test, after a few rotations (轮换) of the timer you would discover the task isn’t as painful as you thought. You may even start to enjoy it! ____34____ Try the 15-minute rule, the 10-minute rule, or the 5-minute rule. I’ve even used the 30-second rule. That’s right, 30 seconds. Start small. Prove to yourself that you will not experience a high level of discomfort from doing the task you set out to do. Begin to rewrite the emotions you anticipate in relation to a certain task. The reasons behind delay are primarily fear and the anticipation of pain. ____35____ Just set a timer, and get started. A. It’s meant to help you get started. B. But if the twenty-minute rule fails for you? C. Whatever you fear, you don’t have to do it all at once. D. Face your fears bravely and tackle the entire task in one go. E. Consider the “20-minute rule” to motivate yourself to start. F. Reset the timer when it goes off and return to your original task. G. If the timer goes off and you’re still uninterested, switch tasks permanently. 【答案】31. E 32. F 33. A 34. B 35. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍的是通过采用20分钟规则来克服拖延症，有效启动并完成任务的策略与方法。 【31题详解】 根据上文的“Do you often struggle to begin tasks on schedule and find excuses to delay the start time? Do you choose to do something else instead of focusing on tasks that need immediate attention?(你是否经常难以按时开始任务，并找借口推迟开始时间？你是否会转而选择做其他事情，而不是专注于那些需要立即处理的任务？)”可知，本文使用两个问题引出要介绍的话题，结合下文的“The basic idea is that if you have a task you don’t want to do, tell yourself you only need to do it for 20 minutes.(基本的想法是，如果你有一个不想做的任务，告诉自己你只需要做20分钟。)”可知，下文是对此空内容的进一步解释，所以，此空讲述的内容应是引出下文阐述的内容，E选项“Consider the “20-minute rule” to motivate yourself to start.(考虑使用“20分钟规则”来激励自己开始任务。)”中的“20-minute rule”与空后的“The basic idea”内容一致。故选E项。 【32题详解】 根据上文的“The 20-minute rule is very simple.(“20分钟规则”很简单。)”可知，下文讲述的是“20分钟规则”的操作方法，结合空前的“When the timer goes off, reset it and take a 20-minute break to focus on a different task or do something else you’re more interested in.(当定时器响起时，重置它并休息20分钟，转而专注于另一个任务或者去做你更感兴趣的事情。)”以及下文的“After a few cycles of this, you’ll find you’ve built up strength and can keep working on the task you previously dreaded.(经过几个这样的循环后，你会发现自己的力量增强了，能够继续处理之前害怕的任务。)”可知，此空应是循环步骤中的最后一个环节，F选项“Reset the timer when it goes off and return to your original task.(当定时器响起时，重置它并返回到你的原始任务。)”讲述的内容为“20分钟规则”的操作过程中的最后一个环节，且下文的内容与此空内容衔接，符合语境。故选F项。 【33题详解】 根据空格位于段尾可知，此处是对上文内容的进一步阐述，结合上文的“The 20-minute rule is designed to help you start developing new emotions in connection with a task. The thing is, the 20-minute rule is not actually meant to get the job done at all.(“20分钟规”旨在帮助你开始培养与任务相关的新情绪。实际上，这个规则的目的并不是真的要完成工作。)”可知，这项规则不是帮助完成工作，由此可推断，此空进一步讲述这项规则的真正目的是什么，A选项“It’s meant to help you get started.(它的目的是帮助你开始。)”可知，“20分钟规”则的主要目的是帮助你开始工作，而非完成整个任务，符合语境。故选A项。 【34题详解】 根据上文“If you used the 20-minute rule to start studying for your test, after a few rotations (轮换) of the timer you would discover the task isn’t as painful as you thought. You may even start to enjoy it!(如果你使用20分钟规则开始为考试复习，经过几次定时器的轮换后，你会发现这个任务并不像你想象的那么痛苦。你甚至可能开始享受它！)”可知，“20分钟规”起作用后，你会发现这个任务并不像你想象的那么痛苦，甚至会享受它，结合下文的“Try the 15-minute rule, the 10-minute rule, or the 5-minute rule. I’ve even used the 30-second rule. That’s right, 30 seconds.(尝试15分钟规则、10分钟规则或5分钟规则。我甚至使用过30秒规则。没错，就是30秒。)”可知，此处作者建议尝试其它的时间规则，由此可推断，此空应与空前内容为转折关系，从而引出下文，B选项“But if the twenty-minute rule fails for you?(但是如果“20分钟规”对你不起作用呢？)”与空前的内容为转折关系，且引出下文的其它时间规则，符合语境。故选B项。 【35题详解】 根据上文的“The reasons behind delay are primarily fear and the anticipation of pain.(拖延背后的原因主要是恐惧和对痛苦的预期。)”以及下文的“Just set a timer, and get started.(只需设置一个定时器，然后开始行动。)”可知，克服拖延的原因主要是恐惧和对痛苦的预期，并建议设定一个定时器然后开始工作，C选项“Whatever you fear, you don’t have to do it all at once.(无论你害怕什么，你都不必一次性完成所有。)”中的fear与上文的fear为词汇重现，且进一步对上文内容进行解释，从而引出下文的建议，符合语境。故选C项。 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) Lucas had a childhood unlike that of most people. He spent his childhood in an orphanage (孤儿院). Because of his natural disability, he remained ____36____ on the orphanage’s adoption list until a dramatic turn of fate in 2011. The American couple, the Jundts, had been ____37____ grieving over the loss of their son Jacob to cancer in 2004. After years of emotional ____38____ they decided to give another child a ____39____ filled with love and hope. They ____40____ to adopt a disabled boy, and then met 7-year-old Lucas in the orphanage. Upon first meeting, Lucas was both nervous and afraid of the strangers who were suddenly presented as his ____41____ “parents”. He didn’t know how to face these unexpected “parents” or what life with them would be like. However, with the comfort and encouragement of the orphanage staff, Lucas ultimately decided to ____42____ this opportunity to change his destiny and return with the Jundt couple. However, Lucas’s story didn’t ____43____ there. He always missed his friends in the orphanage, especially Josh and Emma. These two children, like Lucas, were also ____44____ children. The Jundt couple noticed Lucas’s _____45_____ his friends and made an astonishing decision — to adopt Josh and Emma as well, making them _____46_____ of their family. Thus, the three children grew up together in the same family, facing challenges together. They not only actively participated in various sports, but also _____47_____ professional sports training. Lucas, Josh, and Emma achieved _____48_____ results in sports competitions and became rising stars in the field of disabled sports. They _____49_____ in multiple events such as swimming, weightlifting, and wheelchair races, winning numerous gold and silver medals. Now, Lucas, Josh, and Emma embrace bigger dreams, hoping to _____50_____ their abilities on the international stage. They are training hard to stand on the podium at the Paralympics. 36. A. untrue B. unnoticed C. unnecessary D. uncovered 37. A. deeply B. eventually C. gradually D. casually 38. A. connection B. support C. conflict D. struggle 39. A. hospital B. charity C. home D. school 40. A. intended B. pretended C. promised D. managed 41. A. responsible B. temporary C. biological D. potential 42. A. miss B. give C. seize D. create 43. A. stop B. start C. continue D. spread 44. A. injured B. spoiled C. disabled D. talented 45. A. longing for B. waiting for C. thinking about D. worrying about 46. A. relatives B. friends C. guests D. members 47. A. conducted B. received C. sought D. offered 48. A. financial B. experimental C. incredible D. immediate 49. A. failed B. believed C. invested D. excelled 50. A. compare B. showcase C. measure D. restore 【答案】36. B 37. A 38. D 39. C 40. A 41. D 42. C 43. A 44. C 45. A 46. D 47. B 48. C 49. D 50. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，主要讲的是Lucas及其孤儿院的朋友Josh和Emma被美国夫妇Jundts收养，并在体育领域取得显著成就的故事。 【36题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：由于天生的残疾，他在孤儿院的收养名单上一直没有被注意到，直到2011年命运发生了戏剧性的转变。A. untrue不真实的；B. unnoticed被忽视的；C. unnecessary不需要的；D. uncovered裸露的。根据上文“Because of his natural disability”可知，因为他有残疾，所以在收养名单上没人注意到他。故选B。 【37题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：2004年，这对美国夫妇因患癌症失去了儿子Jacob而深感悲痛。A. deeply深深地；B. eventually最终；C. gradually逐渐；D. casually随意地。根据下文“grieving over the loss of their son Jacob to cancer”可知，这对美国夫妇失去了儿子，肯定是深深地感到悲痛。故选A。 【38题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的情感斗争，他们决定给另一个孩子一个充满爱和希望的家。A. connection联系；B. support支持；C. conflict矛盾；D. struggle斗争。根据上文“grieving over”可知，这对夫妇因为失去儿子而悲痛，在经过情感斗争后他们才决定给另一个孩子一个家。故选D。 【39题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：经过多年的情感斗争，他们决定给另一个孩子一个充满爱和希望的家。A. hospital医院；B. charity慈善；C. home家；D. school学校。根据下文“adopt a disabled boy”可知，他们后来收养了一个孩子，所以是给了这个孩子一个家。故选C。 【40题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们打算收养一个残疾男孩，然后在孤儿院遇到了7岁的卢卡斯。A. intended打算；B. pretended假装；C. promised答应；D. managed管理。根据下文“to adopt a disabled boy, and then met 7-year-old Lucas in the orphanage”可知，他们打算收养一个男孩。故选A。 【41题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：第一次见面时，卢卡斯既紧张又害怕这些陌生人，因为他们突然成为了他可能的“父母”。A. responsible负责任的；B. temporary暂时的；C. biological生物的；D. potential可能的。根据上文“adopt a disabled boy”可知，这对夫妇打算收养Lucas，所以在第一次见面时，这对夫妇可能会成为他的父母。故选D。 【42题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，在孤儿院工作人员安慰和鼓励下，卢卡斯最终决定抓住这个改变命运的机会，和Jundt夫妇一起回来。A. miss错过；B. give给；C. seize抓住；D. create创造。根据下文“return with the Jundt couple”可知，卢卡斯最终是决定抓住这个机会，所以才和这对夫妇回家了。故选C。 【43题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，卢卡斯的故事并没有就此结束。A. stop停止；B. start开始；C. continue继续；D. spread蔓延。根据下文“adopt Josh and Emma as well”可知，这对夫妇后来又收养了两个孩子，所以卢卡斯的故事并没有就此结束，空格处用“停止”。故选A。 【44题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这两个孩子和卢卡斯一样，也是残疾儿童。A. injured受伤的；B. spoiled惯坏的，宠坏的；C. disabled残疾的；D. talented有才能的。根据上文“like Lucas”和第一段“Because of his natural disability”可知，这两个孩子也是残疾儿童。故选C。 【45题详解】 考查动词短语辨析。句意：Jundt夫妇注意到卢卡斯对朋友的渴望，于是做出了一个惊人的决定——收养Josh和Emma，让它们成为他们的家庭成员。A. longing for渴望；B. waiting for等待；C. thinking about思考；D. worrying about担心。根据上文“missed his friends in the orphanage, especially Josh and Emma”可知，卢卡斯想念朋友，渴望有朋友。故选A。 【46题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：Jundt夫妇注意到卢卡斯对朋友的渴望，于是做出了一个惊人的决定——收养Josh和Emma，让它们成为他们的家庭成员。A. relatives亲戚；B. friends朋友；C. guests客人；D. members成员。根据上文“adopt Josh and Emma”可知，这对夫妇决定也收养Josh和Emma，那么他们就成为了家庭成员。故选D。 【47题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们不仅积极参加各种体育运动，而且还接受了专业的体育训练。A. conducted进行；B. received收到；C. sought寻找；D. offered提供。根据下文“professional sports training”可知，他们接受了专业的体育训练。故选B。 【48题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：Lucas，Josh和Emma在体育比赛中取得了令人难以置信的成绩，成为残疾人运动领域的新星。A. financial金融的；B. experimental实验性的；C. incredible令人难以置信的；D. immediate立刻的。根据下文“became rising stars in the field of disabled sports”可知，他们在体育比赛中取得了令人难以置信的成绩，所以才成为了残疾人运动领域的新星。故选C。 【49题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们在游泳、举重和轮椅比赛等多个项目上都表现出色，赢得了许多金牌和银牌。A. failed失败；B. believed相信；C. invested投资；D. excelled精通，擅长。根据下文“winning numerous gold and silver medals”可知，他们精通多个项目，所以才赢得了金牌和银牌。故选D。 【50题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：现在，卢卡斯、Josh和Emma怀抱着更大的梦想，希望在国际舞台上展示他们的能力。A. compare比较；B. showcase展示；C. measure测量；D. restore修复。根据下文“their abilities on the international stage”可知，他们希望展示自己的能力。故选B。 第二节 补全语篇(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：(1)每个选项只能使用一次； (2)方框中有一个多余选项。 选词填空 A. give way to B. inspire C. intense D. in conclusion E. remarkable F. a living proof G. quote H. qualification I. rejection J. burst onto K. perseverance Celebrities (名人) often catch our attention with their ____51____ talents and great success. One of these individuals who ____52____ others with their endurance and persistence is Denzel Washington. He once said, “I am not a failure because I failed. I am a failure because I gave up.” This ____53____ demonstrates his spirit and is a clear example of how celebrities can influence our attitudes towards challenges. In contrast to those who might ____54____ hardships, Washington has always been overcoming difficulties. Every role he takes on and every film he directs is a new opportunity to win over audiences again. He is ____55____ that one can have a profound impact on society through hard work and ____56____. Moreover, celebrities like Washington are not just entertainers; they are also role models. They have the power to ____57____ our social media scenes with a single post, starting conversations and shaping opinions. Their influence extends beyond the screen as they often use their platform to advocate for social issues they care about. To be role models, ____58____ is not just about professional success. It’s about how they handle ____59____ and defeat in their personal lives. Celebrities can not only gracefully handle the _____60_____ pressure from their work, but they also show us that it’s possible to maintain integrity and kindness, even when the world is watching. 【答案】51. E 52. B 53. G 54. A 55. F 56. K 57. J 58. D 59. I 60. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲的是Denzel Washington等名人如何通过他们的才华、成功、毅力、以及在社会中的角色模型作用来影响我们对挑战的态度和人生观念。 【51题详解】 考查形容词。句意：名人经常以他们非凡的才能和巨大的成功吸引我们的注意。由“Celebrities”和“talents and great success”可知，句子表示“名人经常以他们非凡的才能和巨大的成功吸引我们的注意”，空格处意为“非凡的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词talents，是remarkable，故选E。 【52题详解】 考查时态和主谓一致。句意：Denzel Washington就是其中一个以耐力和毅力激励他人的人。由“others with their endurance and persistence”可知，句子表示“Denzel Washington就是其中一个以耐力和毅力激励他人的人”，空格处意为“激励”，是inspire，句子描述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，主语who指代的先行词individuals是复数，因此inspire用原形，故选B。 【53题详解】 考查名词。句意：这句话体现了他的精神，是名人如何影响我们对挑战的态度的一个清楚的例子。由前面“I am not a failure because I failed. I am a failure because I gave up”可知，句子表示“这句话体现了他的精神”，空格处意为“引语”，是quote，由This可知，空格处用单数，故选G。 【54题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：与那些可能屈服于困难的人不同，华盛顿一直在克服困难。由“In contrast to”和“Washington has always been overcoming difficulties”可知，句子表示“与那些可能屈服于困难的人不同，华盛顿一直在克服困难”，空格处意为“屈服于”，是give way to，might是情态动词，其后跟动词原形，故选A。 【55题详解】 考查名词性短语。句意：他是一个活生生的例子，证明一个人可以通过努力工作和坚持不懈对社会产生深远的影响。由前面“Every role he takes on and every film he directs is a new opportunity to win over audiences again”可知，句子表示“他是一个活生生的例子，证明一个人可以通过努力工作和坚持不懈对社会产生深远的影响”，空格处意为“一个活生生的例子”，是a living proof，故选F。 【56题详解】 考查名词。句意：他是一个活生生的例子，证明一个人可以通过努力工作和坚持不懈对社会产生深远的影响。由前面的“Washington has always been overcoming difficulties”可知，句子表示“他是一个活生生的例子，证明一个人可以通过努力工作和坚持不懈对社会产生深远的影响”，空格处意为“坚持不懈”，是perseverance，是不可数名词，故选K。 【57题详解】 考查固定短语和不定式。句意：他们有能力通过一条帖子突然出现在我们的社交媒体场景中，引发对话并塑造观点。由“our social media scenes with a single post”可知，句子表示“他们有能力通过一条帖子突然出现在我们的社交媒体场景中，引发对话并塑造观点”，空格处意为“突然出现”，是burst onto，have the power to do sth.是固定短语，意为“有能力做某事”，因此burst用原形，故选J。 【58题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：总之，成为榜样不仅仅是为了职业上的成功。由“To be role models”和“is not just about professional success”可知，句子表示“总之，成为榜样不仅仅是为了职业上的成功”，空格处意为“总之”，是固定短语in conclusion，位于句首的单词首字母大写，故选D。 【59题详解】 考查名词。句意：这是关于他们如何处理个人生活中的拒绝和失败。由前面的“not just about professional success”和后面的“and defeat in their personal lives”可知，句子表示“这是关于他们如何处理个人生活中的拒绝和失败”，空格处意为“拒绝”，用名词作宾语，是rejection，是不可数名词，故选I。 【60题详解】 考查形容词。句意：名人不仅能够优雅地应对来自工作的巨大压力，而且他们还向我们展示了即使在全世界的注视下，也可以保持正直和善良。由“pressure from their work”可知，句子表示“名人不仅能够优雅地应对来自工作的巨大压力，而且他们还向我们展示了即使在全世界的注视下，也可以保持正直和善良”，空格处意为“巨大的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词pressure，是intense，故选C。 第三节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration has always been an extraordinary pursuit for countries around the world, and China is no exception. China’s space ambitions can be traced back to 1957 ____61____ the Soviet Union launched the world’s first satellite, Sputnik. Mao Zedong decided that China should also launch ____62____ (it) own satellite with the assistance of Soviet technology and top scientists such as Qian Xuesen. Thus, the country started the first space program. China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1 ____63____ (launch) in 1970, using the long march rocket modified from the Dongfang ballistic missile. In 1992, China began project 921, ____64____ manned space program. Using Russian aerospace technology ____65____ (purchase) during this period, the country space program made a significant ____66____ (improve). A breakthrough came in 2003. The Shenzhou-5 spacecraft carried China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. China became the third country ____67____ (have) independent human space flight capabilities. One major reason for China’s success in space is the huge government investment. Beijing’s spending ____68____ research and development for spacecraft manufacturing skyrocketed from US$22.6 million in year 2000 to US$433.4 million in 2014. Still, the Chinese space program has quite a lot of catching up to do. However, there is one thing for sure: China is a ____69____ (lead) force to be reckoned with in the current space race. It has _____70_____ (clear) defined plans for manned lunar mission, space probes for planets like Jupiter, and has built simulation grounds. 【答案】61. when 62. its 63. was launched 64. a 65. purchased 66. improvement 67. to have 68. on 69. leading 70. clearly 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国航天事业的发展历程和重要成就，展示了其在国际航天领域的地位与未来规划。 【61题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：中国的航天雄心可以追溯到1957年，当时苏联发射了世界上第一颗卫星——斯普特尼克。此处为限定性定语从句，先行词是1957，指时间，关系词在从句中作时间状语，应用关系副词when。故填when。 【62题详解】 考查代词。句意：毛泽东决定中国也应该在苏联技术和顶尖科学家如钱学森的帮助下发射自己的卫星。空后为名词，所以此处为表示“它的”的形容词性物主代词。故填its。 【63题详解】 考查动词语态。句意：中国的第一颗卫星东方红一号于1970年发射，使用的是由东风弹道导弹改装的长征火箭。此处为谓语动词，根据句意以及时间状语in 1970可知，此处使用一般过去时，launch意为“发射”与主语China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1之间为被动关系，所以此处使用一般过去时的被动语态，且主语为第三人称单数。故填was launched。 64题详解】 考查冠词。句意：1992年，中国开始了项目921，这是一个载人航天计划。program意为“项目，计划”为可数名词单数，空前无限定词，所以此处使用冠词，结合句意，此处为泛指“一个载人航天计划”，且manned以辅音音素开头，所以此处使用不定冠词a。故填a。 【65题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：利用这一时期购买的俄罗斯航天技术，国家航天计划取得了显著的进步。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰technology，purchase意为“购买”与所修饰词之间为被动关系，所以此处使用过去分词形式。故填purchased。 【66题详解】 考查名词。句意：同上。此处为名词作宾语，improve的名词为improvement意为“改进，改善”符合句意，且空前有不定冠词a，所以此处使用单数形式。故填improvement。 【67题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：神舟五号飞船将中国首位宇航员杨利伟送入太空，使中国成为第三个拥有独立载人航天能力的国家。此处为非谓语动词作定语修饰名词country，当被修饰语前有序数词时，应使用动词不定式形式作定语。故填to have。 【68题详解】 考查介词。句意：北京在航天器制造研发上的支出从2000年的2260万美元飙升至2014年的4.334亿美元。此处为固定搭配spend… on...，表示在某方面的花费。故填on。 【69题详解】 考查形容词。句意：然而，有一件事是确定的：中国是当前太空竞赛中一股不可忽视的领导力量。此处为形容词作定语修饰名词force，lead的形容词为leading意为“领先的，最前的”符合句意。故填leading。 【70题详解】 考查副词。句意：它清晰地定义了载人登月任务、木星等行星的空间探测计划，并建立了模拟基地。此处为副词形式修饰动词defined，clear的副词为clearly意为“清晰地”符合句意。故填clearly。 第四部分 写作(满分25分) 71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A year ago, Mary Smith bought a computer for the whole family, never thinking that it would lead to her sixteen-year-old son Tom becoming addicted to playing games. Tom was playing computer games for increasing amounts of time, and gradually, he hardly left his seat. Mary tried to limit his game time, but this only seemed to fuel his addiction further and cause more arguments. Among his games, there was one he especially liked: Minecraft. In it, he would design his own virtual world as he wanted it to be. Although desperate, Mary never gave up on finding a way to help the boy struggling with this gaming addiction. She decided to take Tom to visit his grandfather, who owned a big farm. Every day, his grandfather walked through rows of crops, examining the plants for pests or disease. He found great satisfaction in caring for the land and animals. For him, the farm was not just a place of work but a way of life. Tom was unwilling to leave his game, but he knew it was not a good idea to go against his mother this time. When they arrived at the airport in the late afternoon, Grandfather drove them to his farm. They were all packed in the car, with adults chatting and laughing, but Tom felt lonely. Looking out of the window, he was attracted by the amazing scenery. The water was blue and sunlight glittered on its clear surface and the grassland flowed like a sea of green. He couldn’t help thinking of the world he would have designed in his computer game. After settling down, Tom shut himself in his room. Except for dinner, he refused to come out of his room and remained there all day. Sometimes, he stood by the window, staring at the peaceful garden his grandfather had made. One night, drops of water from the ceiling dripped onto his face, making him wake up. Shocked at what he saw, he realized a big rainstorm had just ended. He stood with his nose pressed against the glass, watching his family struggling to clear the mess in the dim light. 注意： 1. 词数150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Thinking of the efforts his grandfather had made, Tom knew what he must do immediately. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ He was appreciating the renewed garden when his mom came over. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】参考1： Thinking of the efforts his grandfather had made, Tom knew what he must do immediately. He flung open the door and rushed outside without a second thought. Picking up a broom, he began to sweep away the fallen leaves and the broken branches, his eyes fixed on the ground. His face was full of determination and sweat started to stream down his cheeks despite the coldness in the dark. His family looked at him in surprise and then smiled with relief. Tom worked hard, feeling a sense of purpose he hadn’t experienced in a long time. As they continued working bit by bit, the garden started to take on a new look. He was appreciating the renewed garden when his Mom came over. She gently put her hand on his shoulder and said, “I’m so proud of you, Tom.” Tom lowered his head slightly, his cheeks flushing with shame. “Mom, I’m really sorry for always being so obsessed with games. I didn’t realize how much I was missing out on until now.” His mom’s eyes softened, and she pulled him into a warm hug. “It’s okay, honey. I’m just glad you’re here with us now.” Tom smiled, realizing that the real world held joys far greater than any virtual one in games. From then on, he spent more time with family and less time glued to the computer screen. 参考2： Thinking of the efforts his grandfather had made, Tom knew what he must do immediately. Swiftly, he opened the bedroom door, rushed through the living room and hurried to the garden. “Grandfather, Mom, what can I do? Let me do something to help!” So surprised and pleased was Mom that she stood still, her eyes opened wide but a smile appearing on her face. Soon, Tom was asked to tidy the garden with a broom while grandpa was busy mending the roof. For the whole day, they hammered, sewed and mended, chatting cheerfully. It was not until sunset that they completed the clearing job. Tom stood in the center of the garden, took a deep breath and enjoyed the brand-new garden. He was appreciating the renewed garden when his Mom came over. “Are you ok?” Mom asked, wearing a big smile on her face. Tom didn’t give an immediate response. Instead, he pointed to the newly fixed window, the just swept floor and the freshly mended roof, telling mom thoughtfully, “I found something different.” he explained he was aware that it was much easier to set up a virtual world in the game Minecraft. However, it was not that easy to build a garden in reality, and it was even more difficult to maintain and keep the garden as beautiful as it was because the real world needed responsibility, jointed efforts and more communication. “Maybe I have spent too much time shutting myself indoor with the computer.” Looking at his mom, he blinked his eyes mischievously. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了玛丽购买电脑后，她的儿子汤姆沉迷于电脑游戏，玛丽试图限制他的游戏时间，但反而加剧了他的成瘾和争吵，然后，玛丽决定带汤姆去拜访拥有大农场的祖父，希望以此帮助他摆脱游戏成瘾，在农场上，汤姆逐渐被农场的美丽景色所吸引，在一个雨夜，汤姆被屋顶滴水吵醒，看到家人在昏暗的灯光下清理暴雨后的杂乱，内心受到感动，主动参与劳动，在实际工作中体验到成就感。 【详解】1. 段落续写： ①由第一段首句内容“想到祖父所做的努力，汤姆知道他必须立即做什么。”可知，第一段可描写汤姆在想到祖父的努力后，立刻采取行动帮助家人清理花园的情景。 ②由第二段首句内容“当他妈妈过来的时候，他正在欣赏新装修的花园。”可知，第二段可描写汤姆与妈妈的互动以及他对于游戏和现实世界的认识的转变。 2. 续写线索：冲出去——打扫——花园呈现新的面貌——妈妈为汤姆骄傲——汤姆意识到自己错误——妈妈拥抱汤姆——汤姆改变 3. 词汇激活 行为类 ①冲：rush/dash ②低下头：lower one’s head/hang one’s head ③拥抱：pull sb into a warm hug/embrace sb warmly 情绪类 ①惊讶：in surprise/in astonishment ②骄傲：be proud of/take pride in 【点睛】【高分句型1】Tom worked hard, feeling a sense of purpose he hadn’t experienced in a long time. (由which/that引导的限制性定语从句，省略了which/that) 【高分句型2】As they continued working bit by bit, the garden started to take on a new look. (由as引导的时间状语从句) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 龙华区中小学2024-2025学年第一学期期末学业质量监测试卷 高二英语 说明：1.试卷共10页，卷面满分130分。考试用时120分钟。 2.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号填写在答题卡上，并将条形码横贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。 3.作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔在答题卡上将对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案。答案不能答在试卷上。 4.非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。不按以上要求作答无效。 5.考生必须保持答题卡的整洁。考试结束后，留存试卷，交回答题卡。 第一部分 基础知识 单项选择(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 1. Many young people are now willing to sign _______ organ donation agreement on the birthday of 18. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填 2. When teachers _______ exercises on vocabulary to students, it is advisable to avoid repetitive memorization. A. assign B. return C. link D. promote 3 People’s _______ for Li Bai fully demonstrates the long-lasting significance of the poet. A. vision B. motivation C. concept D. enthusiasm 4. With technology developing, it is essential to guarantee users’ data _______ and privacy. A. analysis B. security C. integrity D. collection 5. I firmly believe that even a _______ smile can bridge gaps between people from different countries. A. complicated B. mature C. genuine D. distant 6. Timely feedback allows you to _______ reflect on what you have done and make progress. A. randomly B. occasionally C. instantly D. rarely 7. Tina’s childhood memories _______ as she thumbed through her family photograph album. A. cracked a smile B. went wild C. did the trick D. came to life 8 _______ your doubts and worries and believe yourself at every coming difficulty. A. Ponder over B. Lay aside C. Throw light on D. Bring out 9. _______ quite a few productions of Hamlet, such as plays and films, I know more about Shakespeare. A. Refer to B. To refer to C. Refers to D. Having referred to 10. _______ problems arise during the exam, you should stay calm and think clearly. A. Whatever B. However C. Whoever D. Wherever 11. It was not until I saw the documentary _______ I understood the importance of protecting wild animals. A. when B. that C. before D. after 12. Stay with those people who can share your values, with _______ you can have fun, laugh, and enjoy yourself. A. that B. who C. them D. whom 13. Since he retired, he _______ around the garden for hours every afternoon, tending to his flowers. A. has been wandering B. had wandered C. has wandered D. will be wandering 14. They _______ the travel plan thoroughly before booking the tickets, making sure that every detail was carefully considered. A. discuss B. were discussing C. have discussed D. had discussed 15. Listening to Talk Shows is a popular pastime among young people. After all, it really is true that _______ . A. gold will shine wherever it is B. actions speak louder than words C. laughter is the best medicine D. one good turn deserves another 第二部分 阅读(共两节，满分50分) 第一节(共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。 A Vancouver Parks and Recreation maintains four covered picnic shelters that can be reserved for events taking place from May 1 to September 30, including Marshall Community Park, Fisher Basin Community Park, Leroy Haagen Memorial Park and Marine Community Park. Reservation guidelines: ●All picnic shelters are available on a first-come, first-served basis at no charge, from October 1 to April 30. ●The reservation fee gives you access for the full day for events taking place from May 1 to September 30. Pricing: ●Fisher Basin Park: Resident $92/Non-Resident $122 ●Marshall Park: Resident $92/Non-Resident $122 ●LeRoy Haagen Park: Resident $94/Non-Resident $118 ●Marine Park: Resident $83/Non-Resident $104 Shelter Reservation Cancellation Policy ●If canceled one month or more before the rental date, 100% of the fee will be refunded (退款). ●If canceled 1-4 weeks before the rental date, 75% of the fee will be refunded. ●No refunds will be granted if the reservation is canceled less than one week prior to the rental date. Frequently Asked Questions: Q: Is there a way to find out if an event is already scheduled at a park? A: Yes. Contact Marshall Community Center at 360-487-7100 to find out about events taking place in our parks. Q: What facilities are included with a picnic shelter reservation? A: Reservations include use of all picnic tables located within the shelter (there is no electricity at Marine Park). Playground amenities and restrooms will be shared with the public. Pop-up tents and loudspeakers are not provided. Park Use Permits Depending on the type of event you’re hosting, you need to get a Park Use Permit from Vancouver Parks and Recreation. It gives you permission to bring special items and equipment into the park. 16. What is the reservation fee on May 5 for residents? A. $83 for Marshall Park. B. $122 for Fisher Basin Park. C. $94 for LeRoy Haagen Park. D. $118 for Marine Park. 17. What facilities are available in all the reservations? A. Picnic tables. B. Electricity supply. C. Pop-up tents. D. Loudspeakers. 18. What is the purpose of the passage? A. To promote outdoor events in Vancouver parks. B. To provide information for Vancouver shelter reservations. C. To describe the features of different parks in Vancouver. D. To introduce the history of Vancouver Parks and Recreation. B Frank Caprio is a well-known judge who has gained popularity for his caring and understanding approach in the courtroom. Born on November 23, 1936, Caprio serves as the Chief Judge of the Providence Municipal Court in Rhode Island, USA. His trials have been turned into a television program called “Caught in Providence”, which airs on local Fox stations and presents his work. Caprio’s decisions often reflect a mixture of legal strictness and human warmth. He is known for his merciful judgments and his ability to connect with the people before him. For instance, in one case, a 96-year-old man was brought before Caprio for speeding in a school zone. The elderly man explained that he was driving his 63-year-old son, who has cancer, to a blood test. After hearing the man’s story, Caprio responded with sympathy, highlighting the man’s dedication to his family at an advanced age. Judge Caprio has been called “the warmest judge” by his admirers because of his way of handling justice. His trials prove that the law can be applied with understanding and mercy, which has made him a beloved figure both in the United States and around the world. Another heartwarming example is that Caprio once canceled a double fine for a truck driver who hadn’t got a notice for a previous fine. After the case was dismissed, the driver shared that 20 years ago, as a lost teenager, Caprio had asked him about his future dreams during a trial, a question that marked a turning point in the driver’s life. Caprio’s story is not just about his role as a judge but also about how a single kind act can affect someone’s life. His way of working as a judge shows that justice can be done with sympathy and that sometimes a kind word can change a person’s path for the better. 19. What makes Frank Caprio popular? A. His appearances in a TV program. B. His ability to solve complex legal cases. C. His balance of mercy and justice in trials. D. His strict legal decisions in the courtroom. 20. Which word can best describe Judge Caprio in dealing with the speeding case? A. Flexible. B. Stubborn. C. Generous. D. Passionate. 21. What lasting impact did Judge Caprio have on the truck driver? A. He taught the driver the importance of obeying traffic laws. B. He inspired the driver to map out his future life path. C. He eased the driver’s financial burden by canceling the fine. D. He encouraged the driver to take responsibility for his actions. 22. What is the best title for the text? A. The Life and Work of Frank Caprio B. The Challenges of Modern Justice C. The Role of a Judge in the Courtroom D. The Humanity of a Judge in the Courtroom C What’s the oldest meal you’ve eaten? Maybe you’ve had leftovers from a few days ago. They probably still tasted good. But what if it wasn’t a few days ago? What if you ate a 60-day-old stew? Or a 49-year-old beef noodle soup? Perpetual (永久的) stew is a dish that is never taken off the heat; it’s never finished. As portions are served, new ingredients are added to the pot to replace them. One day’s stew becomes the basis of the following days’ meals. There have been some famous examples. This year, Annie Rauwerda’s 60-day stew became a social media sensation. One Bangkok restaurant claims to have been cooking its beef noodle soup since the 1970s. It has been suggested that perpetual stew was a tradition in Medieval Europe, when the effort required to start a fire meant that they were left to burn all day, and a pot of stew was always boiling slowly on top of it. One New York Times article tells us about a stew in Normandy that was kept cooking for 300 years. This tradition may date back to the Middle Ages, but thankfully, our understanding of food safety has developed since then. In a world where food is often thrown away once it reaches its use-by date, many people have asked how safe perpetual stew can actually be. Experts are divided. Some maintain that as long as the stew is kept bubbling away at a temperature too high for bacteria to survive, it should be safe. Others suggest that meat can become dangerous if it’s left in the stew for too long. Concerns have also been raised that some vegetables, such as potatoes, or those containing nitrates (硝酸盐), could become more poisonous the more they are reheated. Advocates of slow cooking believe that the best food takes time, but even they may be surprised by a months- or years-old perpetual stew. 23. What do we know about perpetual stew? A. It is the basis of modern meals. B. It is continuously cooked. C. It is a popular social trend. D. It is served in portions. 24. Why does the author list examples of perpetual stew in paragraph 2? A. To exhibit its diverse forms. B. To introduce its history. C. To show its popularity. D. To explain its working principles. 25. Which of the following is a concern about perpetual stew according to the passage? A. Loss of flavor. B. Lack of nutrition. C. Hotbed for bacteria. D. Rises in poisonousness. 26. What is the author’s attitude toward perpetual stew? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Objective. D. Critical. D Are worms the heroes we didn’t know we needed? Silent, slimy and wriggling (扭动), you might think that worms are good for nothing except bait (鱼饵) on the end of a fishing rod. However, there is more to the humble worm than meets the eye. The British naturalist Charles Darwin said that no other animal has “played such an important part in the history of the world as these lowly organized creatures”. They have lived on Earth for 600 million years and have even survived five mass extinctions. So, what makes worms so great? Earthworms move the earth, and this is why farmers love them. As they travel, they expose the soil to the fresh air by loosening, mixing and oxygenating it, which increases the ground’s ability to hold and drain water. They are effectively a small but very efficient farming tool. But it’s not just earthworms that deserve praise. In 2022, a group of scientists at the Margarita Salas Center for Biological Research isolated enzymes (酶) found in waxworm saliva (唾液). These are plastic-eating enzymes, which can decompose polyethylene, a very common plastic that normally degrades over many years. It’s hoped that by producing these enzymes on an industry-level scale, we will have a more environmentally friendly way to reduce plastic pollution. And worms are even inspiring the building industry. Bloodworms are small sea creatures that dig into the mud of the ocean floor. Scientists at the University of California, Santa Barbara, have been studying their jaws, which are made up of 10% copper proteins and are so strong that they last the worm’s entire five-year lifespan. Because of this research, engineers may start using the jaws as inspiration for the design and manufacture of materials like concrete. So, next time you see a worm, show it a little respect. They really are changing the world! 27 Why does the author raise a question at the beginning? A. To compare worms with other animals. B. To discuss the limited use of worms. C. To emphasize the complexity of worms. D. To challenge the prejudice against worms. 28. What does the underlined word “degrades” mean in paragraph 4? A. Breaks down. B. Falls behind. C. Runs out. D. Cleans off. 29. How do bloodworms influence the building industry? A. They provide a new building material. B. They are used in construction equipment. C. Their jaws offer ideas for building design. D. Their jaws are made from copper material. 30. What is the passage mainly about? A. The biological evolution of worm. B. The environmental impact of worms. C The various scientific uses of worms. D. The underestimated importance of worms. 第二节(共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分) 阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 The 20-Minute Rule to Accomplish Any Task Do you often struggle to begin tasks on schedule and find excuses to delay the start time? Do you choose to do something else instead of focusing on tasks that need immediate attention? ____31____ The basic idea is that if you have a task you don’t want to do, tell yourself you only need to do it for 20 minutes. The 20-minute rule is very simple. Next time you dread doing something, set a timer for 20 minutes, and start working on whatever you’ve been putting off. When the timer goes off, reset it and take a 20-minute break to focus on a different task or do something else you’re more interested in. ____32____ After a few cycles of this, you’ll find you’ve built up strength and can keep working on the task you previously dreaded. The 20-minute rule is designed to help you start developing new emotions in connection with a task. The thing is, the 20-minute rule is not actually meant to get the job done at all. ____33____ Often, once you set out, it becomes easier to continue, and you may find yourself willing to work beyond the initial 20 minutes. If you used the 20-minute rule to start studying for your test, after a few rotations (轮换) of the timer you would discover the task isn’t as painful as you thought. You may even start to enjoy it! ____34____ Try the 15-minute rule, the 10-minute rule, or the 5-minute rule. I’ve even used the 30-second rule. That’s right, 30 seconds. Start small. Prove to yourself that you will not experience a high level of discomfort from doing the task you set out to do. Begin to rewrite the emotions you anticipate in relation to a certain task. The reasons behind delay are primarily fear and the anticipation of pain. ____35____ Just set a timer, and get started. A. It’s meant to help you get started. B. But if the twenty-minute rule fails for you? C. Whatever you fear, you don’t have to do it all at once. D. Face your fears bravely and tackle the entire task in one go. E. Consider the “20-minute rule” to motivate yourself to start. F. Reset the timer when it goes off and return to your original task. G. If the timer goes off and you’re still uninterested, switch tasks permanently. 第三部分 语言运用(共三节，满分40分) 第一节 完形填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) Lucas had a childhood unlike that of most people. He spent his childhood in an orphanage (孤儿院). Because of his natural disability, he remained ____36____ on the orphanage’s adoption list until a dramatic turn of fate in 2011. The American couple, the Jundts, had been ____37____ grieving over the loss of their son Jacob to cancer in 2004. After years of emotional ____38____ they decided to give another child a ____39____ filled with love and hope. They ____40____ to adopt a disabled boy, and then met 7-year-old Lucas in the orphanage. Upon first meeting, Lucas was both nervous and afraid of the strangers who were suddenly presented as his ____41____ “parents”. He didn’t know how to face these unexpected “parents” or what life with them would be like. However, with the comfort and encouragement of the orphanage staff, Lucas ultimately decided to ____42____ this opportunity to change his destiny and return with the Jundt couple. However, Lucas’s story didn’t ____43____ there. He always missed his friends in the orphanage, especially Josh and Emma. These two children, like Lucas, were also ____44____ children. The Jundt couple noticed Lucas’s _____45_____ his friends and made an astonishing decision — to adopt Josh and Emma as well, making them _____46_____ of their family. Thus, the three children grew up together in the same family, facing challenges together. They not only actively participated in various sports, but also _____47_____ professional sports training. Lucas, Josh, and Emma achieved _____48_____ results in sports competitions and became rising stars in the field of disabled sports. They _____49_____ in multiple events such as swimming, weightlifting, and wheelchair races, winning numerous gold and silver medals. Now, Lucas, Josh, and Emma embrace bigger dreams, hoping to _____50_____ their abilities on the international stage. They are training hard to stand on the podium at the Paralympics. 36. A. untrue B. unnoticed C. unnecessary D. uncovered 37. A. deeply B. eventually C. gradually D. casually 38. A. connection B. support C. conflict D. struggle 39. A. hospital B. charity C. home D. school 40. A. intended B. pretended C. promised D. managed 41. A. responsible B. temporary C. biological D. potential 42. A. miss B. give C. seize D. create 43. A. stop B. start C. continue D. spread 44. A. injured B. spoiled C. disabled D. talented 45. A. longing for B. waiting for C. thinking about D. worrying about 46. A. relatives B. friends C. guests D. members 47. A. conducted B. received C. sought D. offered 48. A. financial B. experimental C. incredible D. immediate 49. A. failed B. believed C. invested D. excelled 50. A. compare B. showcase C. measure D. restore 第二节 补全语篇(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 请在方框中选择合适的选项，填入短文的空格中，使短文完整连贯。 注意：(1)每个选项只能使用一次； (2)方框中有一个多余选项。 选词填空 A. give way to B. inspire C. intense D. in conclusion E. remarkable F. a living proof G. quote H. qualification I. rejection J. burst onto K. perseverance Celebrities (名人) often catch our attention with their ____51____ talents and great success. One of these individuals who ____52____ others with their endurance and persistence is Denzel Washington. He once said, “I am not a failure because I failed. I am a failure because I gave up.” This ____53____ demonstrates his spirit and is a clear example of how celebrities can influence our attitudes towards challenges. In contrast to those who might ____54____ hardships, Washington has always been overcoming difficulties. Every role he takes on and every film he directs is a new opportunity to win over audiences again. He is ____55____ that one can have a profound impact on society through hard work and ____56____. Moreover, celebrities like Washington are not just entertainers; they are also role models. They have the power to ____57____ our social media scenes with a single post, starting conversations and shaping opinions. Their influence extends beyond the screen as they often use their platform to advocate for social issues they care about. To be role models, ____58____ is not just about professional success. It’s about how they handle ____59____ and defeat in their personal lives. Celebrities can not only gracefully handle the _____60_____ pressure from their work, but they also show us that it’s possible to maintain integrity and kindness, even when the world is watching. 第三节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。 Space exploration has always been an extraordinary pursuit for countries around the world, and China is no exception. China’s space ambitions can be traced back to 1957 ____61____ the Soviet Union launched the world’s first satellite, Sputnik. Mao Zedong decided that China should also launch ____62____ (it) own satellite with the assistance of Soviet technology and top scientists such as Qian Xuesen. Thus, the country started the first space program. China’s first satellite Dongfanghong-1 ____63____ (launch) in 1970, using the long march rocket modified from the Dongfang ballistic missile. In 1992, China began project 921, ____64____ manned space program. Using Russian aerospace technology ____65____ (purchase) during this period, the country space program made a significant ____66____ (improve). A breakthrough came in 2003. The Shenzhou-5 spacecraft carried China’s first astronaut, Yang Liwei, into space. China became the third country ____67____ (have) independent human space flight capabilities. One major reason for China’s success in space is the huge government investment. Beijing’s spending ____68____ research and development for spacecraft manufacturing skyrocketed from US$22.6 million in year 2000 to US$433.4 million in 2014. Still, the Chinese space program has quite a lot of catching up to do. However, there is one thing for sure: China is a ____69____ (lead) force to be reckoned with in the current space race. It has _____70_____ (clear) defined plans for manned lunar mission, space probes for planets like Jupiter, and has built simulation grounds. 第四部分 写作(满分25分) 71. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。 A year ago, Mary Smith bought a computer for the whole family, never thinking that it would lead to her sixteen-year-old son Tom becoming addicted to playing games. Tom was playing computer games for increasing amounts of time, and gradually, he hardly left his seat. Mary tried to limit his game time, but this only seemed to fuel his addiction further and cause more arguments. Among his games, there was one he especially liked: Minecraft. In it, he would design his own virtual world as he wanted it to be. Although desperate, Mary never gave up on finding a way to help the boy struggling with this gaming addiction. She decided to take Tom to visit his grandfather, who owned a big farm. Every day, his grandfather walked through rows of crops, examining the plants for pests or disease. He found great satisfaction in caring for the land and animals. For him, the farm was not just a place of work but a way of life. Tom was unwilling to leave his game, but he knew it was not a good idea to go against his mother this time. When they arrived at the airport in the late afternoon Grandfather drove them to his farm. They were all packed in the car, with adults chatting and laughing, but Tom felt lonely. Looking out of the window, he was attracted by the amazing scenery. The water was blue and sunlight glittered on its clear surface and the grassland flowed like a sea of green. He couldn’t help thinking of the world he would have designed in his computer game. After settling down, Tom shut himself in his room. Except for dinner, he refused to come out of his room and remained there all day. Sometimes, he stood by the window, staring at the peaceful garden his grandfather had made. One night, drops of water from the ceiling dripped onto his face, making him wake up. Shocked at what he saw, he realized a big rainstorm had just ended. He stood with his nose pressed against the glass, watching his family struggling to clear the mess in the dim light. 注意： 1. 词数150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Thinking of the efforts his grandfather had made, Tom knew what he must do immediately. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ He was appreciating the renewed garden when his mom came over. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$