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UNIT 1 Knowing me,
knowing you
[对应学生用书第1页]
Learning how to connect with others.
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
steam
sink
fault
strategy
signal
[对应学生用书第1页]
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
loose
resolve
breath
concern
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
in
with
to
out
about
down
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
off
on
with
in
to do
a
down
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
pull
out
痛楚,苦难
(嘴)唇
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
what I'd said
before we speak
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
making the
situation worse
whatever comes to your mind
how to deal with his problems
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Ben was in an awkward situation, and Agony Aunt gave
him some suggestions as to how to deal with his problems
[对应学生用书第2页]
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
about
lost
to blame
Disappointed
what
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
is concerned
mainly
worse
angry
but
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
[对应学生用书第5页]
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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with
with
wondering
helps me out
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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down
out
of
wouldn't let off steam
let us down
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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signaling
to
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symbol
mark
signal
sign
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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of
breathe
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
took a deep breath
held his breath
out of breath
breathed
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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concerned
about
with
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As far as I am concerned
be concerned more about
are concerned with
show concern for
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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it won't be long before
没过多久他就离开了这个国家。
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
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however
Whoever
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whatever I wanted
whatever I liked
Section Ⅰ Starting out & Understanding ideas
We've all been there:in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.
What's the problem?It's possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It's more likely that none of us start a conversation because it's awkward and challenging, or we think it's annoying and unnecessary.But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble.
Experts say it's an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.
Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can't forget that deep relationships wouldn't even exist if it weren't for casual conversation.Small talk is the grease (润滑剂) for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business deal begins with small talk, ” he explains.“The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”
1.focus on 专注于
2.struggle v. 奋斗,拼搏
3.compromise v. 和解;妥协;折中
4.awkward adj. 紧张的;不舒适的
5.invaluable adj. 无价的;极贵重的
6.result in 导致
7.exist v. 存在,实际上有
What is important for successful small talk according to Carducci?
_______________________________________
Ⅰ.重点单词
►基础单词
1._____ n. 蒸汽,水蒸气
2.____ v. 使(船)沉没
3._____ n. 责任,过错
4.________ n. 计谋,策略;行动计划
5.______ n. 信号;暗号
►拓展单词
1._____ adj.说话随便(轻率)的→loosely adv.宽松地;松散地
2._______ v.解决(问题、困难)→resolution n.决议;解决;坚定
3.______ n.一口气→breathe v.呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的;屏息的
4._______ n.忧虑,担心→concerned adj.焦急的,担忧的→concerning prep.关于;就……而言
Ⅱ.重点短语
1.have sth.__ common (兴趣、想法等方面)相同;有相同的特征
2.fit in ____ 与……合得来;适应
3.turn __ 向……求助
4.help ___ 帮一把
5.be crazy _____ 对……疯狂,对……痴迷
6.let ____ 使失望,辜负
7.let ___ steam 发泄怒火,宣泄情绪
8.concentrate __ 集中精力于
9.communicate ____ 与……交流
10.__ this way 以这种方式
11.tend _____ sth. 易于做某事;往往会发生某事
12.take __ breath 吸一口气
13.calm ____ 平静下来;镇静下来
14.____ one's weight 做好分内事,尽责
15.work ___ 锻炼;计算出;解决
Ⅲ.阅读词汇
1.agony n. _____________
2.lip n. ____________
Ⅳ.重点句型
1.I was just letting off steam really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else _______________.
我其实只是想发泄一下怒气,因为我太生气了,可我的朋友随后却把我的话告诉了所有人。
2.It is understandable in that situation, but we should always think _______________.
这在当时的情况下可以理解,但我们在说话前应该先想清楚。
3.Tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and ____________ _______________, but that you want to move on.
告诉你的朋友,他传话的行为让情况更糟糕了,你对此很生气,但你想让事情就此过去。
4.Filled with anger, you tend to say ___________________________.
满腔怒火的时候,你往往想到什么就说什么。
5.Ben was in an awkward situation, and Agony Aunt gave him suggestions as to _____________________________.
本处境尴尬,知心阿姨给了他一些如何处理问题的建议。
[整体理解]
Ⅰ.Scan the text and find out the main idea of the text.
The passage mainly tells us _______________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________.
Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answers.
1.What problem caused Ben to write a letter for help?
A.He was caught in an awkward situation after a basketball match.
B.His best friend let out Ben's secret to others.
C.Ben's basketball team lost an important match.
D.Ben had bad academic performance at school.
2.How did Ben let off steam when he was very angry?
A.He told his best friend the bad performance of the point guard.
B.He told everyone else his team lost the last match.
C.He couldn't concentrate on anything.
D.He apologised to his teammate and had a chat with him.
3.Which is true according to the passage?
A.If you speak about something, it must bring some trouble.
B.The Agony Aunt thinks the author should take full responsibility for it.
C.The author admitted that he had made the mistake.
D.It hurts when you find you can't trust your closest friend any longer.
4.According to Agony Aunt, when you are angry, what should you do?
A.Communicating with someone else.
B.Saying anything that comes to your mind.
C.Thinking first before speaking.
D.Speaking out what you think directly and honestly.
答案 1-4 AADC
Ⅲ.Fill in the blanks according to the text.
Ben, 17, is a member of their school basketball team.He is crazy 1._____ basketball and pretty good at it but they 2.____ (lose) their last match.In Ben's opinion, it was the point guard who was 3.________(blame).4._____________(disappoint) by his behaviour, Ben told this to his best friend. However, his best friend told everyone else 5._____ he'd said. Ben was in an awkward situation, so he turned to Agony Aunt for help.As far as Agony Aunt
6.____________(concern), it is 7._______(main) his friend's loose lips that make the situation 8._____(bad).But it's partly Ben's fault.Ben should apologise to his teammate and tell his friend that he is 9._____(anger) with him for repeating what he said, 10.___ that he wants to move on.Agony Aunt also suggests Ben think about his own behaviour.
[课文译注]
词汇积累
①agony n.痛楚,苦难
agony aunt知心阿姨
②in a mess杂乱;陷入困境
③help out帮一把
④be crazy about着迷于
⑤let down使失望,辜负
⑥point guard控球后卫
⑦court n.球场;法庭;庭院;宫殿
⑧disappointed adj.感到失望的
disappointing adj.令人失望的;令人沮丧的
⑨behaviour n.行为
behave v.表现;表现得体
⑩steam n.蒸汽,水蒸气
let off steam发泄怒火,宣泄情绪
⑪awkward adj.紧张的;不舒适的
⑫embarrassed adj.难堪的,尴尬的
embarrassing adj.使人害羞的
⑬ashamed adj.感到不好意思的,难为情的
⑭concentrate on 集中精力于
⑮loose adj.控制不严的
⑯lip n.(嘴)唇
⑰sink v.使(船)沉没
loose lips sink ships 祸从口出
⑱fault n.责任,过错
⑲understandable adj.可理解的
⑳in that situation在那种情况下
apologise v.道歉
apologise to向……道歉
resolve v.解决(问题、困难)
conflict n.武装冲突,战斗,战争
strategy n.计谋,策略;行动计划
move on继续移动;前进
approach v.走近,靠近[熟词生义]着手处理
tend v.易于做某事,往往会发生某事
signal n.信号;暗号
breath n.一口气
take a breath吸一口气
pull one's weight做好分内事,尽责
concern n.忧虑,担心
教材原文
Absolute agony①!Our Agony Aunt answers your questions.
Dear Agony Aunt,
I'm in a total mess② here—hope you can help me out③!
I'm 17, and a member of our school basketball team.I'm crazy about④ basketball, and pretty good at it too, which is probably why I was so mad when we lost our last match. [1] We played well, but I felt the team were let down⑤ by one member, our point guard⑥.The point guard is a key player, but it was like he wasn't even on the court⑦! Disappointed⑧ by
his behaviour⑨,I said all this to my best friend. [2] I was just letting off steam⑩ really, because I was so angry, but then my friend went and told everyone else what I'd said.[3]
[1]which引导非限制性定语从句,修饰整个主句,其中why引导表语从句,when引导时间状语从句。
[2]过去分词短语Disappointed by his behaviour作状语,表示原因。
[3]该句是由but连接的并列句。because I was so angry是原因状语从句,what I'd said是由 what引导的宾语从句,作动词told的宾语。
This is so totally awkward⑪. I'm really angry with my friend—what should I say to him?And should I say anything at all to my teammate?
Embarrassed⑫ and ashamed⑬,I can't concentrate on⑭ anything. Please help!
Ben
Dear Ben,
There is an old American saying, “Loose⑮ lips⑯ sink⑰ ships.” This means that if you speak too much about something, especially to people who you don't know so well, it'll cause all kinds of trouble.
The situation here is so much worse because the “loose lips” were your best friend's.Treated this way, you're sure to feel hurt—we should always be able to trust those closest to us, and it hurts even more when we find we can't.
But I have to say that it's partly your fault⑱,isn't it?You admit that you were “letting off steam”.It is understandable⑲ in that situation⑳,but we should always think before we speak.[4]
[4]before引导时间状语从句。
Here's what you need to do. [5] First, apologiseto your teammate.If you ever want to win any more basketball games (and I'm sure you do!), you need to work together, and that means communicating with each other clearly and resolving conflicts.So have a chat with your teammate. Tell him directly and honestly that you were talking without thinking.[6]
[5]该句是倒装句。what引导主语从句。
[6]that引导宾语从句,作动词Tell的宾语。
Then, talk to your friend.Friendship should be one of the greatest things in the world, but sometimes it can be difficult.Again, your strategy is clear communication.Tell your friend you're angry with him for repeating what you said and making the situation worse, but that you want to move on.[7] Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.
[7]but连接两个宾语从句,第一个宾语从句省略that, 第二个不可省略that;what you said是宾语从句,作动词repeating的宾语。
Thirdly, and perhaps most importantly, think about your own behaviour.Don't say too much when you're angry! Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind. [8]This gives people the wrong signal.Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember:think first, speak later.If you feel one of your teammates isn't pulling their weight, then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach.
If you think about other people's feelings as well as your own, you'll soon find everything works out.
Good luck!
Agony Aunt
[8]过去分词短语Filled with anger作原因状语,whatever comes to your mind是宾语从句。
参考译文
深陷痛苦!知心阿姨为你答疑解惑
尊敬的知心阿姨:
我这儿一团糟,希望您能帮我一把!
我今年17岁,是学校篮球队的一员。我酷爱打篮球,打得也很好,也许正因如此,在我们队输掉了最近的比赛时我相当恼怒。我们打得不错,但我感觉整个团队都被一个队友拖累了,那就是我们的控球后卫。控球后卫是队里的关键球员,但他却好像不
在场上似的!我对他的所作所为感到失望,就把这些全部告诉了我最好的朋友。我其实只是想发泄一下怒气,因为我太生气了,可我的朋友随后却把我的话告诉了所有人。
这太让人难堪了。我对朋友气恼不已,我应该对他说些什么?另外,我是否应该对我的队友说点什么?
我既尴尬又羞愧,做什么事都无法集中精力。请您帮帮我吧!
本
亲爱的本:
美国有一句老话:“口风不紧船舰沉。”意思是说如果你对某件事谈论得过多,尤其是跟你不太了解的人谈论,会招来各种各样的麻烦。
你的情况更为糟糕,因为“口风不紧”的人是你最好的朋友。被这样对待,你一定觉得受到了伤害——我们应该一直能够信赖最亲近的人,当我们发现他们不能信赖时,就更伤心了。
不过我不得不说你也有一部分责任,不是吗?你承认了你“只是想发泄一下怒气”。这在当时的情况下可以理解,但我们在说话前应该先想清楚。
现在你应该这么做。第一步,向你的队友道歉。如果你们以后篮球比赛还想赢球(我肯定你们一定想赢!), 你们就必须团结合作,这就意味着你们彼此间必须沟通清楚,解决矛盾。所以,找你那位队友聊聊吧,直接诚恳地告诉他你当时的话没有经过认真考虑。
第二步,和你的朋友聊聊吧。友谊应该是世上最好的事物之一了,但有时也会有些麻烦。同样,你的策略是进行清楚明确的沟通。告诉你的朋友,他传话的行为让情况更糟糕了,你对此很生气,但你想让事情就此过去。通过这个方式处理,你们的友谊很快就会被修复。
第三步,也许是最重要的一点,你要反思自己的行为。生气的时候不要说太多话!满腔怒火的时候,你往往想到什么就说什么。这会给别人错误的信号。深呼吸,冷静下来,并时刻记住:先思而后言。如果你觉得某个队友没有尽职尽责,那你要以更专业的方式向教练提出你的担心。
如果你能在考虑自己感受的同时也考虑别人的感受,很快你就会发现情况将逐渐好转。
祝你好运!
知心阿姨
[核心词汇]
1.help out 帮一把
(教材P2)I'm in a total mess here—hope you can help me out!
我这儿一团糟,希望您能帮我一把!
[归纳拓展]
(1)help sb.out 帮助某人摆脱困境或危难;使某人脱离困境
help sb.with sth./in doing sth./(to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事
can't help (to) do sth. 不能帮着做某事
can't help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
can't help but do sth. 不得不做某事
(2)with the help of 在……的帮助下
be of help=be helpful 有帮助
Standing in the beautiful forest, he couldn't help but have a deep breath.
站在这美丽的森林中,他情不自禁地深呼吸。
She couldn't help bursting into tears when she heard the news.
当她听到这个消息时,她情不自禁地哭起来。
[活学活用]
(1)单句语法填空
①She spoke with us ____ the help of an interpreter.
②The magician picked several persons at random from the audience and asked them to help him ____ the performance.
③I can't help _________ (wonder) what happened to that little girl.
(2)单句写作
④无论何时我陷入麻烦,他总是帮我摆脱困境。
Whenever I get into trouble, he always ____________.
2.let down 使失望,辜负
(教材P2)We played well, but I felt the team were let down by one member, our point guard.
我们打得不错,但我感觉整个团队都被一个队友拖累了,那就是我们的控球后卫。
[归纳拓展]
let in 允许进入;容许
let go of 放手;释放
let off steam 发泄怒火,宣泄情绪
let alone 更不用说;更谈不上
let sb./sth.alone 不管/不干涉某人/物
let out 释放;放走;发出(叫喊声等); 泄露(消息、秘密等);透露
The girl was frightened to see the snake, and consequently she let out a sharp cry.
女孩看到蛇很害怕,因此尖叫了一声。
We fear no death, let alone difficulties.
我们死都不怕,何况困难。
[活学活用]
(1)单句语法填空
①I believe I can be a good volunteer and I won't let you ______.
②She promised that she would not let ___ the plan to the press.
③Don't let go ___my hand or we'll get separated.
(2)单句写作
④他说他不会发火,但让我们失望了。
He said he _______________________, but he ___________.
3.signal n.信号;暗号
(教材P4)This gives people the wrong signal.
这会给别人错误的信号。
[归纳拓展]
(1)a traffic signal 交通信号
send out a signal 发出信号
(2)signal v. 标志着;标明;发信号
signal (to) sb.to do sth. 示意某人做某事
signal (to sb.) that … 示意(某人)……
As the boy ignored the traffic signal, his mother let out a sudden scream.
当男孩无视交通信号时,他的母亲突然发出一声尖叫。
The police signalled the driver to stop his car by raising his hand.
警察举手示意司机停车。
[易混辨析] signal/mark/sign/symbol
“信号”,常指约定俗成、传达某些信息的信号,也指灯光、声音或字符标志。
“标志;标记”,含义广泛,指事物留下的深刻印迹或某物上用于辨别该物品的标志,和sign相比更侧重于区别性或揭示性的标志,有时不一定十分直观或明显。
“记号;标记”,用法最广,可指符号,也可指情绪、性格的显示,还可指具体的用于识别或指示的标志,如指示牌、卡片等;还可作“征兆;迹象”讲。
“象征;符号”,指人们选出某物体或图案用来代表另一事物,并作为该事物的标记或象征。
[活学活用]
(1)单句语法填空
①The bell rang, _________ (signal) that school was over.
②As soon as he sat down at the table, he signaled ___ the waiter to bring the menu.
(2)选词填空:signal、mark、sign、symbol
③In the picture the tree is the ______ of life.
④One ____ of a writer's greatness is that different minds can get a different inspiration from his works.
⑤A red light is a ______ of danger, which is even known to a five-year-old child.
⑥Sir, you are not allowed to walk your dog on the lawn.Don't you see the ____ “Keep off the grass”?
4.breath n.一口气
(教材P4)Take a deep breath, calm down, and always remember:think first, speak later.
深呼吸,冷静下来,并时刻记住:先思而后言。
[归纳拓展]
(1)take a breath 吸一口气
take sb.'s breath away 令人惊叹
hold one's breath 屏息;屏气;屏住呼吸
lose one's breath 喘不过气来
catch one's breath 喘口气;缓口气
out of breath 上气不接下气
(2)breathe v. 呼吸
(3)breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的;屏息的
If you run very fast, you will lose your breath.
要是你跑得非常快,你就会喘不过气来。
Reaching the top of the tower, these old people were breathless/out of breath.
到达塔顶时,这些老人气喘吁吁的/上气不接下气。
[活学活用]
(1)单句语法填空
①The weak girl was out __ breath only after five minutes' running.
②People are concerned about the quality of the air they _______(breath).
(2)用breath及其相关短语的适当形式填空
③The little boy _________________ and ______________before he got into the water. After a moment, he put his head out of the water;it seemed as if he was ______________, but soon he _________normally again.
小男孩深吸了一口气,屏住呼吸,然后才下水。过了一会儿,他把头伸出水面;他似乎上气不接下气,但很快又恢复了正常的呼吸。
5.concern n.忧虑,担心
(教材P4)If you feel one of your teammates isn't pulling their weight, then raise your concerns in a professional way with your team coach.
如果你觉得某个队友没有尽职尽责,那你要以更专业的方式向教练提出你的担心。
[归纳拓展]
(1)show/express concern about/for 对……表示担心
(2)concern v. 涉及;让……担忧
concern oneself about/for 担忧/关心……
(3)concerned adj. 焦急的,担忧的
be concerned about 对……关切的;为……担忧的
as far as sb.be concerned 就某人而言
be concerned with/in 与……有关;涉及
Since there is always heavy fog, many people begin to concern themselves about air pollution.
因为大雾经常发生,很多人开始关心空气污染问题。
As far as I am concerned, parents are too concerned about/for the future of their children.
在我看来,父母太过关心他们孩子的未来了。
[活学活用]
(1)单句语法填空
①After being told her son was lost, a _________ (concern) look appeared on her face.
②You will tell your friend that you are concerned _____ her.
③Please come here on time.The matter is concerned ____ all of you.
(2)用concern及其相关短语的适当形式填空
④_________________________, educators should _______________________ the problems which __________________ the healthy growth of the children rather than only ________________ their grades.
依我之见,教育工作者应该更多地关注与儿童健康成长有关的一些问题,而不是只关注他们的成绩。
[重点句型]
1.before 引导时间状语从句
(教材P3)It is understandable in that situation, but we should always think before we speak.
这在当时的情况下可以理解,但我们在说话前应该先想清楚。
[句式剖析]
该句是由but连接的并列复合句。第二个并列分句是主从复合句,句中before引导时间状语从句。
[归纳拓展]
(1)It will be+时间段+before… (从句用一般现在时)要过……才……
(2)It won't be+时间段+before… (从句用一般现在时)过不了……就……
(3)It was not long before… (从句用一般过去时)没过多久就……
(4)It was+时间段+before… (从句用一般过去时)过了……时间才……
As a matter of fact, it was a long time before I knew the truth.
事实上,过了好长时间我才知道事情的真相。
It won't be long before we meet again.
过不了多久,我们就会再见面的。
[活学活用]
(1)句型转换
①John thinks he will finish his homework before long.
→John thinks __________________________he finishes his homework.
(2)英译汉
②It wasn't long before he left the country.
__________________________________________
2.whatever引导宾语从句
(教材P4)Filled with anger, you tend to say whatever comes to your mind.
满腔怒火的时候,你往往想到什么就说什么。
[句式剖析]
whatever comes to your mind是由whatever引导的宾语从句,whatever不可换为no matter what。
[归纳拓展]
(1)whatever、whoever、whichever、whomever既可引导名词性从句,也可引导让步状语从句,在引导让步状语从句时相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
(2)whenever、wherever、however引导让步状语从句,相当于no matter when/where/ how。
Whatever(≠No matter what)she says will not make any difference to our arrangements.
无论她说什么都不会对我们的安排有影响。(主语从句)
Whatever (=No matter what) you do, you can't go against nature.
无论你做什么,你都不能违背自然规律。(让步状语从句)
Whenever/No matter when I'm unhappy, it is my friends who cheer me up.
不管什么时候我不高兴了,总是我的朋友们让我振作起来。
[活学活用]
(1)单句语法填空
①He can answer the question _______ hard it is.
②_______ breaks the law should be punished.
(2)单句写作
③小时候,我总是希望自己快快长大,这样我就可以拥有想要的任何东西,做喜欢做的任何事情。
As a child, I always hoped that I could grow up as soon as possible so that I could have __________________and do ________________.
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