UNIT 2 MORALS AND VIRTUES Section Ⅰ(课件PPT)-【勤径学升】2024-2025学年高中英语必修第三册同步练测（人教版2019）

单击此处添加文本具体内容 UNIT 2　 MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES Patriotism, family­mindedness, industriousness and innovativeness. UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES Section Ⅰ　Listening and Speaking & Reading and Thinking moral virtue UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES precious fee scholarship hire clinic decade elsewhere UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES staff retire saving kindergarten UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES principle passive insurance replace UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES illustrate marriage majority complain respond response UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES physician reject rejection appoint elect election tend publish UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES scare scared sharp energetic UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES the down with with through from UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES of at a to do for as UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES 进退两难的境地；困境 昏倒；晕厥 不清楚的；微弱的 (小组) 教学；讲课 协会；联合会；工会 同事；同僚 UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES while crossing the street nothing is more precious than their life UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES the first woman ever to be hired as a resident physician The new People's Republic of China saw did not retire until UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES was known Affected to study marriage Having worked where UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES in medical training until UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES in majority were UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES are in a/the majority UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES to about/of complaints UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES to complain about (of)/to make a complaint about UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES to response In UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES if you could respond to/make a response to UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES rejections to be rejected refused reject UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES appointment to look as UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES appointed him as/to be UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES election to take as UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES would be elected (as/to be) UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES to look tendency tend to make mistakes/have a tendency to make mistakes UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES away/off scary scared scare their children into behaving well UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES with/by be replaced as UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES replace/take the place of in place of/instead of UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES more more pleasant better UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES the most hard­working student more hard­working than any other student more hard­working than Tom UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES saw witnessed have seen great changes UNIT 2　MORALS AND VIRTUES [对应学生用书第24页] Discovering Ourselves What does it mean to be Chinese? According to a survey done by China Daily in May, more than 40 percent of Chinese respondents chose “patriotic” and “family­minded” as the main Chinese attributes(特征).Meanwhile, about one­third of foreigners surveyed used “industrious(勤奋的)” and “innovative” as the foremost Chinese qualities. Jon Taylor, professor of political science at the University of St Thomas, said that there are certain qualities about Chinese people that are timeless: patriotism, family­mindedness, industriousness, and innovativeness. He cited the Chinese People's War of Resistance Against Japanese Aggression(1931­1945)and the forming of New China as crucial events that bring to mind qualities such as patriotism and self­sacrifice(自我牺牲). Bernard Dewit, chairman of the Belgian­Chinese Chamber of Commerce, noted that given the progress of the past 40 years, it's understandable why most Chinese people are proud of their country. While patriotism is the spirit that bonds the nation together, family plays a big role in traditional Chinese culture.“My Chinese friends get married and have babies when they turn a certain age, and Chinese friends think about their family first when they choose a job or quit one, ” said Aaron Cedillo, an English teacher at an elementary school in Beijing. Beyond the traditional ties to country and family, qualities of industriousness and innovativeness also come to light. Sheryl Wang, a Malaysian student at Zhejiang University, cited package delivery(快递)on weekends as an example of how industrious Chinese people are. Ammar Hawbani, from Yemen, an associate professor at the University of Science and Technology of China, said he has observed Chinese students in the laboratory exhibiting innovative and productive traits(特质). “The young generation receives better education, especially in science and mathematics，” Hawbani said.“Because of international competition, the government will push the young generation to be more and more innovative.” The past decades saw China's rapid rise to become a leading player on the international stage.During this process, the international community, including Chinese people themselves, has gotten a clearer understanding of Chinese attributes. 1．respondent n.　 (尤指)调查对象；被告；回答问题的人 2．crucial adj. 至关重要的；关键性的 3．bond n. 纽带；关系 　 vt.&vi. 增强信任关系；使牢固结合 4．associate adj. 副的 5．decade n. 十年；十年期 What do you think are the timeless qualities as Chinese people? ____________________________________________________________________ [对应学生用书第25页] Ⅰ.重点单词 ►基础单词 1．_____ adj.　　　　　 道德的；道义上的 　 　n. 品行；道德；寓意 2．______ n. 高尚的道德；美德；优秀品质 3．________ adj. 珍稀的；宝贵的 4．___ n. 专业服务费；报酬 5．___________ n. 奖学金 6．____ vt. 聘任；雇用；租用 n. 租借；租用 7．______ n. 诊所；门诊部 8．______ n. 十年；十年期 9．_________ adv. 在别处；去别处 10．_____ n. 员工；全体职员 11．______ vi.&vt. 退休；退职；退出 12．______ n. 节省物；节省；节约； 　[pl.] 储蓄金；存款 13．____________ n. 学前班；幼儿园 14．_________ n. 道德原则；法则；原则 15．_______ adj. 被动的；顺从的 16．_________ n. 保险；保险业 17．_______ vt. 接替；取代；更换 ►拓展单词 1．__________ vt.(举例)说明；阐明；给(书或文章)加插图→illustration n．说明；插图 2．marry vt.结婚→married adj.已婚的→________ n．结婚；婚姻 3．major adj.主要的；重要的；大的 n．主修课程；主修学生 vi.主修；专门研究→________ n．大部分；大多数 4．________ vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n．抱怨；牢骚 5．_______ vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应→________ n．反应；回答；回复 6．physics n．物理学→physicist n．物理学家→physical adj.物理的；身体的→physically adv.身体上；肉体上→_________ n．医师；(尤指)内科医生 7．______ vt.拒绝接受；不录用→_________ n．拒绝接受；否决 8．_______ vt.任命；委派→appointment n．任命；委派 9．_____ vt.选举；推选→________ n．选举；推选；当选 10．____ vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于→tendency n．趋势；倾向 11．_______ vt.发表(作品)；出版→published adj.已出版的→publisher n．出版者；出版商→publishing n．出版；出版业 12．_____ vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓 →______ adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scary adj.引起恐慌的 13．_____ adj.(增长、下跌等)急剧的；锋利的；明显的→sharpen vi.&vt.(使)锋利；尖锐；清晰→sharpener n．磨具；削具 14．energy n．能源；能量；精力→_________ adj.精力充沛的；充满活力的 Ⅱ.重点短语 1．all ___ time　　　　　 一直， 始终；经常 2．fall ____ 摔倒 3．help sb.____ sth. 帮助某人做某事 4．be faced ____ 面对 5．carry sb._______ sth. 帮助某人渡过难关 6．graduate ____ 毕业于 7．in need __ help 需要帮助 8．__ times 有时 9．play _ key role 起着重要作用 10．tend _____ sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 11．be responsible ___… 对……负责 12．treat…__ 把……当作 Ⅲ.阅读词汇 1．dilemma n. ________________________ 2．faint vi. ____________ 　 adj. ______________________ 3．tuition n. ________________________ 4．union n. ____________________ 5．colleague n. ____________ Ⅳ.重点句型 1．Did you hear that James helped an old woman who fell down _________________ ______? 你听说James帮助了一个过马路时摔倒了的老奶奶吗？ 2．To a person __________________________________, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired? 对一个人来说， 没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。如果他们把生命托付给我， 我又如何能够拒绝那种信任， 说我冷了， 饿了， 或者累了？ 3．She immediately became ______________________________________________ in the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital. 她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。 4．______________________________________ Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 中华人民共和国成立后， 林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。 5．Dr Lin ____________________ the day she died, 22 April 1983. 林医生坚守在岗位上， 直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。 升调 英语中的升调是一种相当复杂的语音现象， 它既可以用来表示说话人对所说的内容不肯定、表达的意思不完整、所说内容未结束或准备继续与对方保持对话， 也可以表示疑问、惊讶、怀疑、犹豫、兴趣、不自信、没有安全感等情绪， 还可以表示礼貌、请求、建议等。 1．用于一般疑问句 2．用于选择疑问句的前半部分(即or之前的选项) 3．用于置于句首的状语短语或状语从句 4．用于并列句的第一个分句， 表示句子未说完 5．用于呼唤对方 6．用于列举事物 7．用于委婉的祈使句 8．用于反意疑问句的后半部分， 表示不确定的态度或征求对方的看法 9．高升调(High rise)用于疑问句中表达强烈的惊讶或难以置信的情绪 [对应学生用书第27页] [整体理解] Ⅰ.Scan the text and match the general idea of each paragraph. 1．Para.1　 A．Lin's motto of life. 2．Para.2 B．People's praise of Lin. 3．Para.3 C．Lin's career in new People's Republic of China. 4．Para.4 D．Lin's career after the war. 5．Para.5 E.Lin's career after graduation. 6．Para.6 F.Lin's choice of studying medicine. 答案　1－6　AFEDCB Ⅱ.Read the text and choose the best answer. 1．When did Lin Qiaozhi become the first woman resident physician in the PUMC Hospital? A．In her teens. B．In her twenties. C．In her thirties. D．In her forties. 2．Why did Dr Lin reject the offer of her colleagues in the US? A．She wanted to publish her medical research. B．She wanted to gain the highest prize. C．She didn't adapt to the life of the US. D．She wanted to serve the women and children at home. 3．According to the passage, what kind of person do you think Dr Lin was? A．Responsible and patient. B．Strict and selfish. C．Outgoing and amazing. D．Moody and serious. 4．What does the passage mainly talk about? A．Dr Lin was different from other women. B．Dr Lin was hired as a resident physician. C．It's hard for Dr Lin to make the choice. D．Dr Lin made great contributions to Chinese medical industry. 答案　1－4　BDAD Ⅲ.Fill in the blanks according to the text. Lin Qiaozhi, who delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime, 1._________(know) as the “mother of ten thousand babies” though she never got married.2.________(affect) by her mother's death, Lin Qiaozhi decided 3.________(study) medicine at the age of 18 instead of following the traditional path of 4.________(marry) like many other girls.After graduating from Peking Union Medical College, she was hired as a resident physician.5._____________(work) for a few years, she was sent to Europe and the US, 6._____ she rejected her colleagues' offer to stay, but returned home.In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress.Even though she held many important positions, she was more interested 7.__ tending patients, publishing 8._______(medicine) research and 9.________(train) new doctors.She did not retire 10._____ she died. [课文译注] 词汇积累 ①precious adj.珍稀的；宝贵的 ②entrust vt.委托；交付 ③amazing adj.惊人的；了不起的；令人惊诧的 ④carry sb.through sth.帮助某人渡过难关 ⑤marriage n．结婚；婚姻 ⑥majority n．大部分；大多数 ⑦complain vi.&vt.抱怨；发牢骚 ⑧tuition n．(小组)教学；讲课 ⑨fee n．专业服务费；报酬 tuition fees学费 ⑩respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应 response n．反应；回答；回复 ⑪union n．协会；联合会；工会 Peking Union Medical College(PUMC) 北京协和医学院 ⑫scholarship n．奖学金 the Wenhai Scholarship “文海”奖学金 ⑬graduate n．大学毕业生 vi.毕业 graduate from 毕业于 ⑭hire vt.聘任；雇用；租用 n.租借；租用 ⑮physician n．医师；(尤指)内科医生 resident physician住院医师 ⑯department n．部；司；局；处；系；(医院的)科；部门 the OB­GYN department 妇产科 ⑰colleague n．同事；同僚 ⑱reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用 rejection n．拒绝接受；否决 ⑲appoint vt.任命；委派 ⑳because of 因为， 由于 (in need of 需要 (private adj.个人的， 私人的 (clinic n．诊所；门诊部 (charge vt.&vi.收费；控诉；充电 n．费用；主管 (faraway adj.遥远的 (the People's Republic of China中华人民共和国 (elect vt.选举；推选 election n．选举；推选；当选 (the National People's Congress 全国人民代表大会 (decade n．十年；十年期 (elsewhere adv.在别处；去别处 (tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于 tend to do sth.易于做某事；往往会发生某事 (publish vt.发表(作品)；出版 (care for 照顾；喜欢 (staff n．员工；全体职员 (be responsible for 对……负责任 (be known as 作为……而著名 (retire vi.&vt.退休；退职；退出 (saving n．节省物；节省；节约；[pl.] 储蓄金；存款 (kindergarten n．学前班；幼儿园 (not…any more 不再 教材原文 MOTHER OF TEN THOUSAND BABIES “Life is precious①.…To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust② me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired? [1]” These words of Dr Lin Qiaozhi give us a look into the heart of this amazing③ woman, and what carried her through④ a life of hard choices. [1] and连接的并列句。第二分句中if引导条件状语从句， 现在分词短语saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired作状语。 As a five­year­old girl, Lin Qiaozhi was deeply affected by her mother's death.At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage⑤ like the majority⑥ of girls, she chose to work and study.“Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal！[2]” her brother complained⑦， thinking of the high tuition⑧ fees⑨.She responded⑩， “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！”Later, she went on to study medicine as she had wished. [2] 动名词短语finding a good husband在句中作主语。 In 1929, Lin graduated from Peking Union⑪ Medical College (PUMC) with the Wenhai Scholarship⑫ , the highest prize given to graduates⑬．[3]She immediately became the first woman ever to be hired⑭ as a resident physician⑮ in the OB­GYN department⑯ of the PUMC Hospital.[4] Within six months, she was named a chief resident physician, a position that usually took four years to achieve.[5] After working for a few years, she was sent to study in Europe and then, in 1939, in the US.She greatly impressed her American colleagues⑰， who invited her to stay.Dr Lin, however, rejected⑱ the offer.She wanted to serve the women and children at home. [3] the highest prize在句中作the Wenhai Scholarship的同位语， 后面的过去分词短语given to graduates作后置定语。 [4] 不定式短语to be hired as a resident physician作后置定语， 修饰 the first woman。 [5] a position作a chief resident physician的同位语， that usually took four years to achieve是定语从句， that在从句中作主语。 In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed⑲ director of the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of⑳ the war.Thinking of all the people still in need of( help, Dr Lin opened a private( clinic(.[6] She charged( very low fees to treat patients and often reduced costs for poor patients.At times she was even seen riding a donkey to faraway( villages to provide medical care. [6] 现在分词短语thinking of all the people still in need of help在句中作原因状语。 The new People's Republic of China( saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role.[7] In 1954, she was elected(to the first National People's Congress( and, over the next several decades(, she held many important positions.Her heart, however, was elsewhere(.She was more interested in tending( patients, publishing( medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors.[8] “The OB­GYN department cares for( two lives, ” she told new staff( in her department.“As doctors, we should be responsible for( the patients and treat them as our sisters.” [7] see在此处表示“见证”， 现在分词短语playing a key role作宾语补足语。 [8] tending patients, publishing medical research和training the next generation of doctors是动名词短语作宾语。 Though Lin Qiaozhi never married, she was known as(the “mother of ten thousand babies”， having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime.[9] Dr Lin did not retire( until the day she died, 22 April 1983.Since she had no children of her own, she left her savings( to a kindergarten( and a fund for new doctors.[10] And even as she lay dying, her final thoughts were for others.“I'm ready to go，” she said.“Don't try to rescue me any more(.Don't waste the medicine any more.” [9] though引导让步状语从句， 现在分词短语having delivered over 50，000 babies in her lifetime作原因状语。 [10] since引导原因状语从句。 参考译文 万婴之母 “生命是宝贵的……对一个人来说， 没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。如果他们把生命托付给我， 我又如何能够拒绝那种信任， 说我冷了， 饿了， 或者累了？”林巧稚医生这一席话使我们得以窥见这位非凡女性的内心世界， 并了解是什么支撑她度过充满艰难抉择的一生。 林巧稚五岁时母亲病故， 这对她影响极大。十八岁时， 她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路， 而是选择了工作和读书。“女孩子读那么多书干吗？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。她回答说：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人， 也要学医！”之后，她如愿以偿地继续学习医学。 1929年， 林巧稚从北京协和医学院毕业， 并获得了该校毕业生的最高荣誉奖—— “文海”奖学金。她随即成为北京协和医院妇产科聘任的第一位女住院医师。不到六个月， 她就成了住院主任医师， 而升任这一职位通常需要四年时间。工作了几年之后， 她被派往欧洲学习， 之后于1939年又赴美学习。美国同行对她印象极佳， 邀请她留下。但是， 林医生谢绝了邀请。她希望服务祖国的妇女和儿童。 1941年， 林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任， 但是仅仅数月之后， 妇产科就因为战争而关闭。想到还有那么多人需要帮助， 林医生开办了一间私人诊所。她向病人收取的治疗费用极低， 而且经常为穷苦病人减免费用。有时人们甚至会看到她骑着毛驴到遥远的村庄给人看病。 中华人民共和国成立后， 林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。1954年， 她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间， 她担任许多重要职位。然而， 她的心却在别处。她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果、培养下一代的医生。“妇产科救治的是母婴两条生命。”她对科室新入职的医务人员说道， “作为医生， 我们必须对患者负责， 视她们如姐妹。” 虽然林巧稚终身未婚， 但是她被称为“万婴之母”， 她一生中亲手接生的婴儿有五万多名。林医生坚守在岗位上， 直到1983年4月22日她去世的那一天。由于自己没有孩子， 她把积蓄捐给了一家幼儿园和一项新医生基金。即使在她弥留之际， 她最后惦念的仍是他人。“我要走了，”她说， “不要再抢救了， 不要再浪费药品了。” [对应学生用书第29页] [核心词汇] 1．majority n.大部分；大多数 (教材P16)At age 18, instead of following the traditional path of marriage like the majority of girls, she chose to work and study. 十八岁时， 她没有像大多数的女孩那样走上婚姻这一传统道路， 而是选择了工作和读书。 [归纳拓展] (1)a/the majority of…　　 大多数…… be in a/the majority 构成大部分/大多数 (2)major adj. 主要的；重要的；大的 n. 主修课程；主修学生 vi. 主修；专门研究 major in 主修……；以……为专业 (3)minority n. 少数 in the minority 占少数 A minority of the children want a dance, but the majority choose a picnic. 少数孩子想举办一个舞会， 而多数孩子选择野餐。 Declining birth rate is a major problem in many developing regions. 出生率的降低是许多发展中地区面临的一个主要问题。 In fact, he inspires me to major in English in college, to be a bridge between China and the world. 事实上， 他激励我在大学主修英语， 并成为连接中国和世界的桥梁。 [名师点津] (1)majority作主语时， 若侧重于整体， 谓语动词用单数形式；若侧重于个体， 谓语动词用复数形式。 (2)the/a majority of后跟可数名词复数形式作主语时， 谓语动词通常用复数；后跟单数或不可数名词作主语时， 谓语动词通常用单数。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①I was admitted into Nanjing University that year and then majored __ math. ②However, the ________(major) of people are effective speakers because they are trained to be. ③Some of the plays told sad stories, but the majority of the plays ____(be) really funny. (2)完成句子 ④女性在护理行业中占大多数。 In the nursing profession, women _____________________． 2．complain vi.&vt. 抱怨；发牢骚 (教材P16)“Why should girls learn so much? Finding a good husband should be their final goal！” her brother complained, thinking of the high tuition fees. “女孩子读那么多书干吗？找个好丈夫才是她们的归宿！”她的兄弟一想到高昂的学费就这么抱怨。 [归纳拓展] (1)complain that…　　　　　　　 抱怨…… complain (to sb.) about/of sth. (向某人)抱怨某事 complain against/about sth. 抱怨/投诉某事 (2)complaint n. 抱怨， 投诉 make a complaint against/about 投诉…… Nowadays, people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic, which has seriously influenced people's daily life and economic development. 当今， 许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵， 交通拥堵严重地影响了人们的日常生活和经济发展。 I believe you have a complaint against one of our nurses. 我认为你对我们的一位护士有怨言。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①I have to complain __ you _______ your son's sharp words, which horribly hurt me. ②The police received several __________(complain) about the noise from our party. (2)完成句子 ③我写信向您投诉在贵店所购买的电视机的质量。 I am writing ________________________________________________ the quality of the TV set that I bought in your store. 3．respond vt.回答；回复 vi.做出反应；回应 (教材P16)She responded, “I'd rather stay single to study all my life！” 她回答说：“我宁愿一辈子不嫁人， 也要学医！” [归纳拓展] (1)respond to…　　　 对……做出反应/回答 respond that… 回答说…… (2)response n. 反应；回答；回复 in response to 对……做出反应 make a response to 回答/响应……；对……做出反应 I'm not sure how he will respond to your answer. 我不确定他对你的答复会有何反应。 His remarks came in response to the questions raised by the students. 他的评论是对学生提出问题的回复。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①How did the editor respond __ our suggestion? ②The famous film star made no ________(respond) to the question asked by reporters. ③__ response to the audience's great demand, the play will be put on in the theatre twice a week. (2)完成句子 ④如果您能在方便的时候尽早回复我的邮件， 我将不胜感激。 I would be grateful __________________________________________ my message at your earliest convenience. 4．reject vt.拒绝接受；不录用 (教材P16)Dr Lin, however, rejected the offer. 但是， 林医生谢绝了邀请。 [归纳拓展] (1)reject outright　　　　　 彻底否决；断然拒绝 reject out of hand 一口拒绝 (2)rejection n. 拒绝接受；否决 a rejection letter 回绝信 All our suggestions were rejected out of hand. 我们所有的建议被一口拒绝了。 Everyone knows that success rarely happens overnight, but perhaps not many know that a lot of highly successful writers have previously faced rejection. 大家都明白成功不是一朝一夕可以获得的， 但也许很多人都不知道很多卓越的作家也都曾被拒稿。 [易混辨析]　reject/refuse reject 常用于正式场合， 表示拒不接受不适当或厌恶的东西， 如建议、计划、赠物、求婚、忠告等， 语气比refuse强， 有时还含有“抛弃；剔除”等意思。后面常接名词， 不接不定式。 refuse 普通用词， 后接双宾语、名词或不定式， 不接不定式的复合宾语和宾语从句。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①Like those early days for Dad, I faced lots of __________(reject). ②The graduate didn't expect ______________(reject) by the company. (2)选词填空：reject、refuse ③She _______ to answer the question. ④I make it clear to him that I ______ his proposal. 5．appoint vt.任命；委派 (教材P16)In 1941, Dr Lin became the first Chinese woman ever to be appointed director of the OB­GYN department of the PUMC Hospital, but just a few months later, the department was closed because of the war. 1941年， 林医生成为北京协和医院妇产科的首位中国籍女主任， 但是仅仅数月之后， 妇产科就因为战争而关闭。 [归纳拓展] (1)appoint sb.as/to be…　　　 任命某人为…… appoint sb.to do sth. 委派某人做某事 (2)appointed adj. 约定的， 指定的 at the appointed time 在约定的时间 (3)appointment n. 任命；约会 make an appointment with sb. 与某人约会/预约 keep/break an appointment 守/违约 Our teacher appointed him as monitor. 我们的老师任命他为班长。 He was appointed to solve the problem of environmental pollution. 他被委派去解决环境污染问题。 Now that you have made an appointment with your foreign teacher, you'd better get to the appointed place at the appointed time. 既然你已经和外教约好了， 你最好在约定的时间到达约定的地点。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①I left early because I had an ___________(appoint) later that day. ②It's reported that two experts have just been appointed _______(look) into food safety. ③Learning that he has been appointed __ chairman of the student union, he is filled with joy. (2)完成句子 ④他所在中学的教练任命他为球队领队。 His high school coach ______________________ manager of the team. 6．elect vt.选举；推选 (教材P17)In 1954, she was elected to the first National People's Congress and, over the next several decades, she held many important positions. 1954年， 她当选第一届全国人大代表；在随后的几十年间， 她担任许多重要职位。 [归纳拓展] (1)elect sb.to…　　　　 选举某人进入…… elect sb.(as/to be)… 选举某人为…… elect to do sth. 选择做某事；决定做某事 (2)election n. 选举；推选；当选 run for an election 参加竞选 All the students elected Tom (as/to be) monitor of our class. 所有的学生都选举汤姆作为我们班的班长。 He has already stated his intention to run for the election. 他已声明打算参加竞选。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①After she lost the ________(elect), her influence on the public was in decline. ②It is said that only two students will be elected _______(take) part in the coming English Contest. ③Much to my delight, I was elected __ chairman of the literature club. (2)完成句子 ④我从未想到汤姆会被选为学生会主席。 It never occurred to me that Tom ___________________________ chairman of the student union. 7．tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于 (教材P17)She was more interested in tending patients, publishing medical research on care for women and children, and training the next generation of doctors. 她更感兴趣的是治病救人、发表妇幼护理医学研究成果和培养下一代的医生。 [归纳拓展] (1)tend (to) sb./sth.　 照料/护理某人/某物 tend to do sth. 易于做某事；往往会发生某事 (2)tendency n. 倾向；趋势 have a tendency to do sth. 倾向于做某事；往往会做某事 there is a tendency to do sth. 有一种做……的倾向 People in adolescence tend to be addicted to computer games. 人们在青少年时期容易沉迷于电脑游戏。 Nowadays many people have a tendency to give up smoking due to its bad effects. 由于吸烟有不良影响， 现如今许多人倾向于戒烟。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①You may tend________(look) down and away when greeting someone. ②There is a ________(tend) to replace metals with plastics at the moment. (2)完成句子 ③通常， 当我们疲倦时， 我们往往会犯错误。 Typically, we ______________________________________________________ when we are tired. 8．scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的 (教材P17)She was so scared during the interview that she completely forgot how she should respond to the questions. 她在面试时吓得完全忘了该如何回答这些问题。 [归纳拓展] (1)be scared of sb./sth.　 害怕某人/某物 be scared eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(of doing sth.,to do sth.)) 害怕做某事 (2)scare vt. 惊吓；使害怕 vi. 受惊吓 scare sb.into doing sth. 恐吓某人做某事 scare sb.out of doing sth. 恐吓某人不做某事 scare sb.to death 使某人大受惊吓， 吓得要死 scare… away/off 把……吓跑 (3)scary adj. 恐怖的；吓人的 They scared her into handing over the keys. 他们把她吓得交出了钥匙。 Although he was scared to death, Mac struggled to crawl up and threw his bicycle at the scary wolf with all his strength.Fortunately, the wolf was scared away/off. 虽然被吓得要死， Mac还是挣扎着爬起来用尽全力把他的自行车扔向那只吓人的狼。 幸运的是， 狼被吓跑了。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The rising prices is scaring the customers ________． ②To tell you the truth, the movie is too _____(scare). ③I was so ______(scare) that my throat tightened and my knees felt weak. (2)完成句子 ④有些父母试图用吓唬的方法来使孩子守规矩。 Some parents attempt to _______________________________________． 9．replace vt.接替；取代；更换 (教材P17)The student union will hold a special meeting in January to hire someone to replace the secretary. 学生会将在一月份举行一次特别会议， 请人代替秘书。 [归纳拓展] (1)replace sth.with/by sth. 用……替换…… replace…as… 取代……而成为…… take the place of＝take one's place 代替 in place of 代替 (2)replacement n. 替换；更换；替换物；接替者 a replacement for ……的替代品/替补 Another argument against television is that it replaces reading as a form of entertainment. 反对电视的另一种论点是， 它作为一种娱乐形式代替了阅读。 She will continue her present job until a replacement for her can be found. 在找到她的替换人员之前， 她将继续做她目前的工作。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①It's not a good idea to miss meals and replace them _______ snacks. ②Teachers will never ___________(replace) by computers in class. ③Shopping has almost replaced baseball __ the national pastime (消遣). (2)一句多译 我非常高兴代替我的同事在开幕式上做演讲。 ④I am very pleased to _________________________ my colleague to deliver a speech at an opening ceremony. ⑤I am very pleased to deliver a speech at an opening ceremony _________________ my colleague. [重点句型] eq \a\vs4\al(1.否定词与比较级连用) (教材P16)To a person nothing is more precious than their life, and if they entrust me with that life, how could I refuse that trust, saying I'm cold, hungry, or tired? 对一个人来说， 没有什么比他们的生命更加珍贵了。如果他们把生命托付给我，我又如何能够拒绝那种信任， 说我冷了， 饿了，或者累了？ [句式剖析] 否定词nothing与比较级more precious连用， 表示最高级的含义。 [归纳拓展] 表示最高级意义的几种特殊结构： (1)“否定词＋比较级”表示“没有比……更……；没有像……一样……”， 常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。 (2)can/could＋never/not＋…＋ eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(形容词/副词enough,too＋形容词/副词)) (3)比较级＋than＋ eq \b\lc\{(\a\vs4\al\co1(any other＋可数名词单数,（all） the other＋复数名词,any of the other＋名词复数,anything/anyone else)) It was not until then that I suddenly realized nobody was happier than I was. 直到那时我突然意识到没有人比我更幸福了。 I can't be grateful enough to you for your kindness. 我对你的好意感激不尽。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①I can't agree ____(much) with you on that point. ②In my opinion, nothing is _____________(pleasant) than traveling. ③How beautifully she sings! I have never heard a ______(good) voice. (2)一句多译 汤姆是我们班最勤奋的学生。 ④Tom is _____________________________ in our class. ⑤Tom is ________________________________________ in our class. ⑥Nobody is __________________________ in our class. eq \a\vs4\al(2.拟人修辞手法) (教材P17)The new People's Republic of China saw Dr Lin Qiaozhi playing a key role. 中华人民共和国成立后， 林巧稚医生发挥了更大的作用。 [句式剖析] 该句中的see意为“见证， 目睹， 经历”， 属于拟人修辞手法。 [归纳拓展] (1)see意为“见证， 目睹， 经历”时， 常以表示时代、年代、世纪或地点的名词作主语， 表示某时或某地“目睹、发生、经历”了某事。 (2)与see用法相同的动词有find、witness、say、experience等， 这些词在句中作谓语， 用物作主语时， 表示一种拟人的手法， 以增添语言色彩， 使表达更形象。 The last 30 years have witnessed/seen the rapid development of China. 过去的30年见证了中国的快速发展。 The lonely street found him wandering alone in the evening. 傍晚时分他在寂静的大街上独自徘徊。 [活学活用] (1)单句语法填空 ①The city ___(see) a series of fierce fights between blacks and whites in the 1960s and Dr King was shot to death in 1968. ②The year 1949 _________(witness) the founding of the People's Republic of China. (2)完成句子 ③我们的城市在过去的十年里发生了巨大变化。 The last ten years _______________________ in our city. $$