精品解析：福建省宁德市2024-2025学年高二上学期期末考试英语试题

宁德市2024—2025学年度第一学期期末高二质量检测 英 语 试 题 注意事项： 1、本试卷共12页。满分150分。答题时间120分钟。 2、答题前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名填写在试卷的相应位置。 3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. In the hotel. B. On the plane. C. At the airport. 2. What is the woman probably doing? A. Taking a job interview. B. Chatting with a friend. C. Making a speech. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Chemical experiments. B. Italian culture. C. Cooking. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Go home. B. Attend a class. C. Email her professor. 5. When is the confirmed appointment for the man’s eye test? A. At 10:00. B. At 10:30. C. At 11:30. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the man thinking about? A. The meeting schedule. B. The tourist destination. C. The overseas study destination. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Talk with her teacher. B. Pick up her daughter. C. Have a dance lesson. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When did the man start to live in America? A. In 2011. B. In 2013. C. In 2016. 9. What challenge did the man face when he returned to Japan? A. Language barriers. B. His nationality. C. Culture shock. 10. Why does the man adapt to Japanese culture now? A Japanese people like making friends. B. Japanese people respect others’ opinions. C. Japanese people don’t have different opinions. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Social media. B. A wearable device. C. Sports and fitness. 12. What does the study about Fitkit focus on? A. Accuracy of Fitkit. B. Sleeping heart rate. C. Physical activities. 13. How does the man find his Fitkit? A. Cheap. B. Uncomfortable. C. Recommendable. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the woman’s job involve? A. Cooking meals. B. Making clothes. C. Booking photographers. 15. Why do some people hire a wedding planner? A. To save time. B. To lower the costs. C. To attend the party. 16. What did the woman do before she became a wedding planner? A. She ran a restaurant. B. She hosted the open-air event. C. She volunteered for an organization. 17. How did the woman attract customers? A. By taking training. B. By presenting beautiful pictures. C. By showing them written references. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s future occupation choice? A. An author. B. An interpreter. C. A teacher. 19. Which subject can expand cultural background knowledge? A. Math. B. English. C. Literature. 20. What is the speaker’s family’s attitude toward his choice? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Opposed. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A This is the Heritage Open Days, which largely happens outside London. All are free, some need booking in advance, otherwise, just turn up on the day. Parndon Hall Open Days The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Hamstel Road, Harlow, Essex The former home of Loftus & Elizabeth Arkwright Parndon Hall was built in 1867. Elizabeth decorated rooms with paintings, as was the fashion at the time, but now the house is used by the hospital and the original rooms have new purposes. • Saturday 18 September: 11:00; 12:30; 14:00; 15:00 • Sunday 19 September: 11:00; 12:30; 14:00; 15:00 BOOKING NEEDED High Lighthouse Open Days High Lighthouse, West Street, Harwich, Essex The High Lighthouse was built in 1818 to line up with the Low Lighthouse, now the Maritime Museum, which is also a heritage. Together they operated as leading lights for shipping. It was last used as a lighthouse in 1863. It has been in use as a radio museum and as a council house. Climb to the top for a dramatic view of the Harwich area. • Saturday 11 September: 10:00-16:00 • Sunday 12 September: 10:00-16:00 Captain Jones House Open Days Captain Jones House, 21, Kings Head Street, Harwich, Essex This is the home of the master of the Mayflower, a majority of which is still in original condition. This house has been maintained as historically accurate as possible subject to modernisation such as electricity. • Saturday 11 September: 11:00-15:00 • Sunday 12 September: 11:00-15:00 1. What can we know about Parndon Hall? A. You can see Elizabeth’s paintings there. B. It can be visited the whole Saturday. C. You have to make a reservation to visit it. D. Its decorations are still fashionable. 2. How many heritages can you visit in Harwich? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 3. What do these open days have in common? A. They happen in early September. B. They all last five hours. C. They are held in Harwich. D. They are open at a specific time. B The “Father of the National Park System,” John Muir was an influential writer, naturalist, and environmentalist during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born in 1838 in Dunbar, Scotland, he moved to the United States with his family and was attracted by the land. He was a prize-winning inventor, but it’s his love for wild places and absolute devotion to protecting them that we remember him for. As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California. There, he fell in love with Yosemite Valley and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. His article series, “Studies in the Sierra,” put his name on the map and launched a prolific writing career, with over 300 articles and 10 books published. A true mountain man, he encouraged everyone to “climb the mountains and get their good tidings”. His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature. In 1890, due in large part to a series of articles he published in Century magazine, U.S. Congress created Yosemite National Park. Muir was also involved in the creation of the Sequoia, Mount Rainier, Petrified Forest, and Grand Canyon National Parks, thus earning his title. But his work didn’t stop there: in 1892, Muir and his supporters founded the Sierra Club to “do something for wildness and make the mountains glad.” In 1901, he published the book “Our National Parks” and caught the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who visited him at Yosemite. During that visit, they laid the foundation of Roosevelt’s groundbreaking protection programs. Muir died in 1914, but his memory lives on, continuing to inspire new generations of environmentalist everywhere. 4. Which can best explain the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2? A. High-paying. B. Normal. C. Full-time. D. Productive. 5. What contributed to Muir’s writing career? A. His love for wild places. B. His work as an environmentalist. C. His devotion to national parks. D. His exploration of American continents. 6. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. Muir’s articles earned him his title. B. Muir appealed for the protection of national parks. C. Muir inspired people to visit national parks. D. Muir’s articles had an influence on official decision. 7. Which words can best describe Muir? A. Adventurous and committed. B. Determined and humorous. C. Honest and courageous. D. Generous and inspirational. C An experimental pair of gloves isn’t particularly fashionable or useful for keeping anyone’s hands warm. Instead the gloves use tactile (触觉的) sensors woven into its fabric to serve an entirely different purpose: teaching piano and other hands-on skills. Massachusetts Institute of Technology graduate student Yiyue Luo and her colleagues created these “smart gloves” using tactile technology which includes physical sensations such as vibrations (震动) or force to help with tactile activities. Researchers used the gloves to record one pianist’s hand movements while playing a song. They then relayed those movements to a student through fingertip vibrations, helping the learner build muscle memory and perform the piece with greater accuracy. “Hand-based movements like piano playing are normally really subjective and difficult to record and transfer,” Luo says. “But with these gloves we are actually able to track one person’s touch experience and share it with another person to improve their tactile learning process.” Using a computerized embroidery (刺绣) machine, the team fixed small wires linked to a pressure-sensing material in the gloves to detect hand motions. When a piano teacher wearing the gloves repeatedly performed a tune, a machine-learning algorithm (运算法则) processed their movement on the keys and translated it into instructional vibrations. Students wearing their own gloves then attempted to play the same tune, with the fingertip vibrations guiding them through proper movements. By the trials’ end, students who had practiced with the gloves could play more accurately than those who had not. The team also tested the gloves’ ability to aid people playing online games with a mouse and keyboard, recording motions from experienced players to guide green hands. People who gamed with the gloves’ guidance scored better on average than those who did not. Playing piano or video games is often just for fun, but Luo adds that with an improved algorithm, coded to identify and catch finer hand movements, the new glove technology could someday help to teach crucial practices such as medical operations. 8. In which practice can the smart gloves be unavailable? A. Playing the guitar. B. Singing songs. C. Teaching sign language. D. Typing on a keyboard. 9. What is the function of the pressure-sensing material? A. To record songs. B. To translate tunes. C. To keep hands warm. D. To monitor hand movements. 10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The gloves are designed for fun. B. The gloves have been put into use. C. The gloves can be used to identify codes. D. The gloves will be used in more fields. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. An introduction to a promising technology. B. An advertisement of a new product. C. An approach to teaching piano. D. An instruction for a computerized machine. D In an era when online misinformation is seemingly everywhere and objective facts are often in argument, UC Berkeley psychologists in a new study have presented a somewhat contradictory partial solution: Expose young children to more misinformation online — not less. Orticio, a Ph.D. student in UC Berkeley’s Department of Psychology, and his colleagues used a pair of experiments involving 122 children aged four to seven to test how their level of skepticism (怀疑) changed in different online environments. The first study exposed them to an e-book with varying degrees of true and false statements about animals. Next to a picture of a zebra, for example, some children were shown truths like that zebras had black and white stripes. Others were shown falsehoods about zebras being red and green. Based on that information, they indicated whether the claims were true or false. A second study simulated (模拟) search engine results and posed similar animal facts and fictions. Next, children evaluated the truth of a new claim within that same digital context, this time about an alien species called Zorpies. On a screen were images of 20 so-called Zorpies. One of the alien’s faces showed that it had three eyes; the rest of the Zorpies wore dark sunglasses that covered their eyes. Children were then asked to decide whether all Zorpies had three eyes. But before making their final decision, participants were allowed to fact-check the claim by tapping any number of the aliens, removing their sunglasses and revealing their eyes. Since children knew nothing about the aliens, their skepticism could only come from their assessment of how reliable this digital platform was. Researchers found that the children who were the most hardworking about fact-checking the Zorpies claims were also the ones who saw more false claims about animals earlier in the study. Meanwhile, those who had more reliable environments with fewer false claims earlier in the study did almost no fact-checking. A computer simulation confirmed that the children in the more unreliable environments were more likely to reveal potential misinformation. 12. What do psychologists recommend to help children deal with online misinformation? A. To leave them in a less protected information environment. B. To help them sort out different kinds of information. C. To require them to collect some useful information. D. To help them develop the ability of the critical thinking. 13. Who will be more likely to become a good fact-checker? A. The children working harder to make statements. B. The children seeing more false claims. C. The children exposed to more digital contexts. D. The children exposed to more reliable environments. 14. How were the experiments conducted? A. By making comparisons. B. By making questionnaires. C. By analyzing documents. D. By interviewing participants. 15 What can we learn from the experiments? A. They were carried out through the same online digital platform. B. Participants can tap the number of Zorpies to get true information. C. Participants can remove the sunglasses for reference. D. They both presented false information to the participants. 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Essays are an extended piece of writing that presents an argument or information on a topic. They can vary in purpose, style and type but they all involve questioning, assessing and discussing ideas or evidence. Here are four tips on how to write an essay: introducing your essay, focusing on it structure, using quotes and sources, and ending with a conclusion. A good introduction explains the facts that the reader needs to know first. ___16___ Be clear about your aims and always write in the third person. It’s a good idea to begin your essay using the same style of language as the question, to show you are answering it directly. ___17___ Paragraphs can help. Start with a “topic sentence” that introduces what the paragraph is about. At the end, bring your topic to a close so the reader can move on to the next idea. ___18___ They connect it to the previous one. If you used ideas from a book in your essay, you can include snippets from it to support your points. These are quotes and have speech marks around them to show they are not your words. ___19___ For example, “Dr Roberts says, ‘Climate change is...’”. At the end of the essay, you can list all the books that helped you. In your final paragraph, you should conclude by summarising all your points to show how you have answered the essay question. You might begin this section with “In conclusion,” and your tone should be confident. ___20___ A. You should also share who said it. B. It helps readers improve their writing skills. C. To help the reader follow your ideas, you need structure. D. Writing essays is an unavoidable but fun part of studying lots of subjects. E. It sums up what the essay will be about and what you are trying to prove. F. Here you can write in the first person and give your own opinion on the topic. G. You can use words such as “however” or “furthermore” to start a new paragraph. 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride, and I longed for a huge adventure. I was ___21___ that this adventure would be sort of like a personal ___22___. I also saw it as a(an) ___23___ to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest. ___24___, I wanted to ride my bike to Alaska alone, but then I ___25___ that it would be way more fun to do it with a friend, so I called Alex. It was an ___26___ adventure, and we did a lot of cool things. ___27___, what I saw made me sad. We got to see the human ___28___ on nature in a way that I just hadn’t been exposed to before. I had a false ___29___ that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there. We biked 2,400 miles, and it turned out that basically the only places that felt ____30____ were the national parks. Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted. The town we ____31____ through gets bigger at the expense of cutting down all the trees. ____32____ all this human impact, I strongly felt how much the world we’ve already ____33____. I guess that the only places on Earth that have not had ____34____ human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach. I ____35____ a lot about it. It’s one of those things where you have to decide between doing something that’s totally green or you can tell an inspiring story. 21. A. pitiful B. hopeful C. grateful D. graceful 22. A. transformation B. freedom C. creation D. solution 23. A. dream B. advertisement C. opportunity D. experiment 24. A. Luckily B. Abnormally C. Gradually D. Originally 25. A. realized B. doubted C. denied D. recommended 26. A. identical B. incredible C. embarrassing D. academic 27. A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. Perhaps D. Otherwise 28. A. dependence B. reflection C. impact D. affection 29. A. story B. interaction C. decision D. perception 30. A. unbalanced B. uncontrolled C. untouched D. unfinished 31. A. ran B. worked C. cut D. biked 32. A. Advocating B. Favoring C. Witnessing D. Approving 33. A. destroyed B. protected C. explored D. polluted 34. A. small B. meaningful C. positive D. massive 35. A. admired B. thought C. dreamed D. complained 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sign language uses hand movements, body language and facial ___36___ (expression) as a way to communicate, instead of speaking or writing. There are around 300 sign languages in the world and the most common in the UK is British Sign Language (BSL). Like spoken languages, sign languages grow and change over time, often ___37___ (add) new words and phrases. The first evidence of sign language ___38___ (date) back to the 5th century BC, but historians believe it may be even ___39___ (old) than spoken language. The earliest known use of sign language in the UK was recorded at a wedding in 1576, and the first school for deaf children ___40___ (open) in Scotland in 1760. ___41___ it was widely used, signing wasn’t encouraged until the 1970s and most deaf children were taught spoken ___42___ written language instead. In 2003, the UK Government ___43___ (official) accepted that BSL was a language in its own right. Then, in 2022, the law was updated to make BSL ___44___ legally recognised language of England, Wales and Scotland. Giving BSL this status encourages schools and workplaces ___45___ (provide) more support for hearing-impaired (听力受损的) pupils, workers and customers. 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五你参加了学校举办的越野跑比赛。请你给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）比赛情况； （2）意义和收获。 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 第二节 读后续写 (满分25 分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Late at night the hospital was as quiet as a library. The soft hum of fluorescent lights (荧光灯) and the rhythmic beep of medical equipment created a quiet atmosphere. Nurses moved silently from room to room, attending to their patients with gentle care. But suddenly, a wild wolf burst through the doors, breaking the silence. The hallways, usually filled with soft talking and the beep-beep of machines, were now full of scared noises. People couldn’t believe their eyes as the wolf turned their safe place into a mess. Katie, a brave nurse, was there too. She’s always calm in tough times, but even she was surprised to see a wolf in the hospital. While everyone else ran away, Katie stood still. Her heart was beating really fast, and her hands were shaking. She was so confused! But then, Katie saw something strange. The wolf had something in its mouth - it looked like a tiny animal. This was very odd for a wolf. Katie’s curiosity made her forget her fear. She really wanted to know what was happening and how she could help. As soon as people saw the wolf, the hospital’s security team jumped into action. They told everyone to leave the building calmly. “Go to the nearest exit, please!” they said loudly, but in a way that made people feel safe. They moved fast, helping everyone get out of the building without taking any risks. “Stay together and follow me!” they told the crowd, making sure nobody got lost. Katie felt her heart beating even faster than before. The sight of the wolf made her want to find out why and help them. It was a very unusual situation, and she knew she had to do something. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: She decided to approach the wolf slowly, speaking in a soft, peaceful voice. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When knowing she came to help, the wolf seemed to understand. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 1-5 CACBC 6-10 CBACB 11-15 BACCA 16-20 CBBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 宁德市2024—2025学年度第一学期期末高二质量检测 英 语 试 题 注意事项： 1、本试卷共12页。满分150分。答题时间120分钟。 2、答题前，考生务必将自己的班级、姓名填写在试卷的相应位置。 3、全部答案在答题卡上完成，答在本试卷上无效。 第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. Where does the conversation take place? A. In the hotel. B. On the plane. C. At the airport. 2. What is the woman probably doing? A. Taking a job interview. B. Chatting with a friend. C. Making a speech. 3. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Chemical experiments. B. Italian culture. C. Cooking. 4. What does the woman want to do? A. Go home. B. Attend a class. C. Email her professor. 5. When is the confirmed appointment for the man’s eye test? A. At 10:00. B. At 10:30. C. At 11:30. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。 6. What is the man thinking about? A. The meeting schedule. B. The tourist destination. C. The overseas study destination. 7. What is the woman going to do? A. Talk with her teacher. B. Pick up her daughter. C. Have a dance lesson. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. When did the man start to live in America? A. In 2011. B. In 2013. C. In 2016. 9. What challenge did the man face when he returned to Japan? A. Language barriers. B. His nationality. C. Culture shock. 10. Why does the man adapt to Japanese culture now? A. Japanese people like making friends. B. Japanese people respect others’ opinions. C. Japanese people don’t have different opinions. 听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。 11. What are the speakers mainly talking about? A. Social media. B. A wearable device. C. Sports and fitness. 12. What does the study about Fitkit focus on? A. Accuracy of Fitkit. B. Sleeping heart rate. C. Physical activities. 13. How does the man find his Fitkit? A. Cheap. B. Uncomfortable. C. Recommendable. 听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。 14. What does the woman’s job involve? A. Cooking meals. B. Making clothes. C. Booking photographers. 15. Why do some people hire a wedding planner? A. To save time. B. To lower the costs. C. To attend the party. 16. What did the woman do before she became a wedding planner? A. She ran a restaurant. B. She hosted the open-air event. C. She volunteered for an organization. 17. How did the woman attract customers? A. By taking training. B. By presenting beautiful pictures. C. By showing them written references. 听第10段材料，回答第18至20题。 18. What is the speaker’s future occupation choice? A. An author. B. An interpreter. C. A teacher. 19. Which subject can expand cultural background knowledge? A. Math. B. English. C. Literature. 20. What is the speaker’s family’s attitude toward his choice? A. Favorable. B. Doubtful. C. Opposed. 第二部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分50分) 第一节 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A This is the Heritage Open Days, which largely happens outside London. All are free, some need booking in advance, otherwise, just turn up on the day. Parndon Hall Open Days The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Hamstel Road, Harlow, Essex The former home of Loftus & Elizabeth Arkwright, Parndon Hall was built in 1867. Elizabeth decorated rooms with paintings, as was the fashion at the time, but now the house is used by the hospital and the original rooms have new purposes. • Saturday 18 September: 11:00; 12:30; 14:00; 15:00 • Sunday 19 September: 11:00; 12:30; 14:00; 15:00 BOOKING NEEDED High Lighthouse Open Days High Lighthouse, West Street, Harwich, Essex The High Lighthouse was built in 1818 to line up with the Low Lighthouse, now the Maritime Museum, which is also a heritage. Together they operated as leading lights for shipping. It was last used as a lighthouse in 1863. It has been in use as a radio museum and as a council house. Climb to the top for a dramatic view of the Harwich area. • Saturday 11 September: 10:00-16:00 • Sunday 12 September: 10:00-16:00 Captain Jones House Open Days Captain Jones House, 21, Kings Head Street, Harwich, Essex This is the home of the master of the Mayflower, a majority of which is still in original condition. This house has been maintained as historically accurate as possible subject to modernisation such as electricity. • Saturday 11 September: 11:00-15:00 • Sunday 12 September: 11:00-15:00 1. What can we know about Parndon Hall? A. You can see Elizabeth’s paintings there. B. It can be visited the whole Saturday. C. You have to make a reservation to visit it. D. Its decorations are still fashionable. 2. How many heritages can you visit in Harwich? A. 2. B. 3. C. 4. D. 5. 3. What do these open days have in common? A. They happen in early September. B. They all last five hours. C. They are held in Harwich. D. They are open at a specific time. 【答案】1. C 2. B 3. D 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章介绍了遗址开放日期间三个开放场所的相关信息。 【1题详解】 细节理解题。根据Parndon Hall Open Days部分中“BOOKING NEEDED(需要预订)”可知，参观Parndon Hall需要提前预订。故选C项。 【2题详解】 细节理解题。根据High Lighthouse Open Days部分中“High Lighthouse, West Street, Harwich, Essex(高灯塔，西街，哈威奇，埃塞克斯)”和“The High Lighthouse was built in 1818 to line up with the Low Lighthouse, now the Maritime Museum, which is also a heritage.(高灯塔建于1818年，与现在的海事博物馆——低灯塔在一条直线上，低灯塔也是一处遗产)”；根据Captain Jones House Open Days部分中“Captain Jones House, 21, Kings Head Street, Harwich, Essex(琼斯船长之家，21号，国王头街，哈威奇，埃塞克斯)”和“Captain Jones House, 21, Kings Head Street, Harwich, Essex(琼斯船长之家，位于埃塞克斯郡哈里奇国王头街21号)”可知，在哈威奇（Harwich）可以参观高灯塔、低灯塔（海事博物馆）和琼斯船长之家3处遗址。故选B项。 【3题详解】 细节理解题。根据Parndon Hall Open Days部分“•Saturday 18 September: 11:00; 12:30; 14:00; 15:00 •Sunday 19 September: 11:00; 12:30; 14:00; 15:00 (•9月18日周六：11:00；12:30；14:00；15:00 •9月19日周日：11:00；12:30；14:00；15:00)”、High Lighthouse Open Days部分“•Saturday 11 September: 10:00-16:00 •Sunday 12 September: 10:00-16:00 (•9月11日周六：10:00-16:00 •9月12日周日：10:00-16:00)”以及Captain Jones House Open Days部分“•Saturday 11 September: 11:00-15:00 •Sunday 12 September: 11:00-15:00 (•9月11日周六：11:00-15:00 •9月12日周日：11:00-15:00)”可知，这三个开放日都在特定时间开放。故选D项。 B The “Father of the National Park System,” John Muir was an influential writer, naturalist, and environmentalist during the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Born in 1838 in Dunbar, Scotland, he moved to the United States with his family and was attracted by the land. He was a prize-winning inventor, but it’s his love for wild places and absolute devotion to protecting them that we remember him for. As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California. There, he fell in love with Yosemite Valley and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. His article series, “Studies in the Sierra,” put his name on the map and launched a prolific writing career, with over 300 articles and 10 books published. A true mountain man, he encouraged everyone to “climb the mountains and get their good tidings”. His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature. In 1890, due in large part to a series of articles he published in Century magazine, U.S. Congress created Yosemite National Park. Muir was also involved in the creation of the Sequoia, Mount Rainier, Petrified Forest, and Grand Canyon National Parks, thus earning his title. But his work didn’t stop there: in 1892 Muir and his supporters founded the Sierra Club to “do something for wildness and make the mountains glad.” In 1901, he published the book “Our National Parks” and caught the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who visited him at Yosemite. During that visit, they laid the foundation of Roosevelt’s groundbreaking protection programs. Muir died in 1914, but his memory lives on, continuing to inspire new generations of environmentalist everywhere. 4. Which can best explain the underlined word “prolific” in Paragraph 2? A. High-paying. B. Normal. C. Full-time. D. Productive. 5. What contributed to Muir’s writing career? A. His love for wild places. B. His work as an environmentalist. C. His devotion to national parks. D. His exploration of American continents. 6. What can we know from paragraph 3? A. Muir’s articles earned him his title. B. Muir appealed for the protection of national parks. C. Muir inspired people to visit national parks. D. Muir’s articles had an influence on official decision. 7. Which words can best describe Muir? A. Adventurous and committed. B. Determined and humorous. C. Honest and courageous. D. Generous and inspirational. 【答案】4. D 5. A 6. D 7. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了“国家公园系统之父”——约翰·缪尔是19世纪末和20世纪初一位有影响力的作家、自然学家和主义者。他对荒野的热爱促成了他的写作生涯，同时他通过写作来号召人们保护荒野。 【4题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线单词下文“with over 300 articles and 10 books published(发布了300多篇文章和10本书)”可知，John Muir是个多产的作家，由此可推知，划线单词意为“多产的”，与D项“Productive.(多产的)”意思一样，故选D。 【5题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中“As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California. There, he fell in love with Yosemite Valley and the Sierra Nevada Mountains. His article series, “Studies in the Sierra,” put his name on the map and launched a prolific writing career, with over 300 articles and 10 books published.(作为一个年轻人，他徒步探索了北美大陆，走了数千英里，最终定居在加利福尼亚。在那里，他爱上了约米蒂山谷和内华达山脉。他的文章系列《内华达山脉研究》使他声名鹊起，开启了一段多产的写作，出版了300多篇文章和10本书。)”可知，Muir对荒野的热爱促成了他的写作生涯，故选A。 【6题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中“His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature. In 1890, due in large part to a series of articles he published in Century magazine, U.S. Congress created Yosemite National Park. Muir was also involved in the creation of the Sequoia, Mount Rainier, Petrified Forest, and Grand Canyon National Parks, thus earning his title.(他的著作激励了总统、国会议员和普通公民关注自然。1890年，由于他在《世纪》杂志上发表系列文章，美国国会创建了约塞米蒂国家公园。穆尔还参与了红木、雷尼尔山、化石森林和大峡谷国家的创建，因此赢得了“国家公园之父”的称号。)”可知，缪尔（Muir）的文章对官方的决定有影响，故选D。 【7题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“As a young man, he explored the North American continent by foot, walking thousands of miles until he eventually settled in California.(作为一个年轻人，他徒步探索了北美大陆，走了数千英里，最终定居在加利福尼亚。)”可知，Muir爱冒险；根据第三段中“His writings inspired presidents, congressmen, and average citizens to care about nature.(他的著作激励了总统、国会议员和普通公民关注自然。)”和第四段中“But his work didn’t stop there: in 1892, Muir and his supporters founded the Sierra Club to “do something for wildness and make the mountains glad.” In 1901, he published the book “Our National Parks” and caught the attention of President Theodore Roosevelt, who visited him at Yosemite. During that visit, they laid the foundation of Roosevelt’s groundbreaking protection programs.(但他的工作并未止步于此：1892年，缪尔和他的支持者们创立了塞拉俱乐部，旨在“为野地做点什么，让群山欢欣鼓舞”。1901年，他出版了《我们的国家公园》一书，引起了西奥多罗斯福总统的关注，罗斯福总统访问了他在优胜美地的居所。在那次访问期间，他们奠定了罗斯福开创性的保护计划的基础)”可知，他致力于保护荒野，写了很多作品，并一直坚持，所以说他很坚定，故选A。 C An experimental pair of gloves isn’t particularly fashionable or useful for keeping anyone’s hands warm. Instead the gloves use tactile (触觉的) sensors woven into its fabric to serve an entirely different purpose: teaching piano and other hands-on skills. Massachusetts Institute of Technology graduate student Yiyue Luo and her colleagues created these “smart gloves” using tactile technology, which includes physical sensations such as vibrations (震动) or force to help with tactile activities. Researchers used the gloves to record one pianist’s hand movements while playing a song. They then relayed those movements to a student through fingertip vibrations, helping the learner build muscle memory and perform the piece with greater accuracy. “Hand-based movements like piano playing are normally really subjective and difficult to record and transfer,” Luo says. “But with these gloves we are actually able to track one person’s touch experience and share it with another person to improve their tactile learning process.” Using a computerized embroidery (刺绣) machine, the team fixed small wires linked to a pressure-sensing material in the gloves to detect hand motions. When a piano teacher wearing the gloves repeatedly performed a tune, a machine-learning algorithm (运算法则) processed their movement on the keys and translated it into instructional vibrations. Students wearing their own gloves then attempted to play the same tune, with the fingertip vibrations guiding them through proper movements. By the trials’ end, students who had practiced with the gloves could play more accurately than those who had not. The team also tested the gloves’ ability to aid people playing online games with a mouse and keyboard, recording motions from experienced players to guide green hands. People who gamed with the gloves’ guidance scored better on average than those who did not. Playing piano or video games is often just for fun, but Luo adds that with an improved algorithm, coded to identify and catch finer hand movements, the new glove technology could someday help to teach crucial practices such as medical operations. 8. In which practice can the smart gloves be unavailable? A. Playing the guitar. B. Singing songs. C. Teaching sign language. D. Typing on a keyboard. 9. What is the function of the pressure-sensing material? A. To record songs. B. To translate tunes. C. To keep hands warm. D. To monitor hand movements. 10. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A. The gloves are designed for fun. B. The gloves have been put into use. C. The gloves can be used to identify codes. D. The gloves will be used in more fields. 11. What is the text mainly about? A. An introduction to a promising technology. B. An advertisement of a new product. C. An approach to teaching piano. D. An instruction for a computerized machine. 【答案】8. B 9. D 10. D 11. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院研发的能教技能的“智能手套”及其用途。 【8题详解】 推理判断题。由文章第一段中“Instead the gloves use tactile (触觉的) sensors woven into its fabric to serve an entirely different purpose: teaching piano and other hands-on skills. (相反，这副手套使用了织入其织物中的触觉传感器，以实现一个完全不同的目的：教授钢琴以及其他需要动手操作的技能。)”可知，这种智能手套用于教像弹钢琴这样的需要动手的技能。而唱歌主要是用嗓子，不需要动手操作，所以智能手套在“唱歌”这种实践中不可用。故选B。 【9题详解】 细节理解题。由文章第三段中的“Using a computerized embroidery (刺绣) machine, the team fixed small wires linked to a pressure-sensing material in the gloves to detect hand motions. (该团队使用一台电脑刺绣机，将与压力感应材料相连的细电线固定在手套中，以监测手部动作。)”可知，压力感应材料连接着小电线，其功能是监测手部运动。故选D。 【10题详解】 推理判断题。由文章最后一段“Playing piano or video games is often just for fun, but Luo adds that with an improved algorithm, coded to identify and catch finer hand movements, the new glove technology could someday help to teach crucial practices such as medical operations. (弹钢琴或玩电子游戏通常只是为了娱乐，但罗艺悦补充说，通过改进算法，对算法进行编程以识别和捕捉更细微的手部动作，这种新的手套技术有朝一日可能会有助于教授像医疗手术这样关键的操作技能。)”可知，这种手套将会被应用到更多的领域。故选D。 【11题详解】 主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段“An experimental pair of gloves isn’t particularly fashionable or useful for keeping anyone’s hands warm. Instead the gloves use tactile (触觉的) sensors woven into its fabric to serve an entirely different purpose: teaching piano and other hands-on skills. (一副实验性的手套既算不上特别时尚，也不能很好地为人们的双手保暖。相反，这副手套使用了织入其织物中的触觉传感器，以实现一个完全不同的目的：教授钢琴以及其他需要动手操作的技能。)”可知，文章开篇介绍了麻省理工学院研究生研发的“智能手套”，接着阐述了其工作原理、在教弹钢琴和玩游戏方面的应用，最后提到未来可能应用到医疗等领域，所以文章主要是对一种有前景的技术（智能手套技术）的介绍。故选A。 D In an era when online misinformation is seemingly everywhere and objective facts are often in argument, UC Berkeley psychologists in a new study have presented a somewhat contradictory partial solution: Expose young children to more misinformation online — not less. Orticio, a Ph.D. student in UC Berkeley’s Department of Psychology, and his colleagues used a pair of experiments involving 122 children aged four to seven to test how their level of skepticism (怀疑) changed in different online environments. The first study exposed them to an e-book with varying degrees of true and false statements about animals. Next to a picture of a zebra, for example, some children were shown truths like that zebras had black and white stripes. Others were shown falsehoods about zebras being red and green. Based on that information, they indicated whether the claims were true or false. A second study simulated (模拟) search engine results and posed similar animal facts and fictions. Next, children evaluated the truth of a new claim within that same digital context, this time about an alien species called Zorpies. On a screen were images of 20 so-called Zorpies. One of the alien’s faces showed that it had three eyes; the rest of the Zorpies wore dark sunglasses that covered their eyes. Children were then asked to decide whether all Zorpies had three eyes. But before making their final decision, participants were allowed to fact-check the claim by tapping any number of the aliens, removing their sunglasses and revealing their eyes. Since children knew nothing about the aliens, their skepticism could only come from their assessment of how reliable this digital platform was. Researchers found that the children who were the most hardworking about fact-checking the Zorpies claims were also the ones who saw more false claims about animals earlier in the study. Meanwhile, those who had more reliable environments with fewer false claims earlier in the study did almost no fact-checking. A computer simulation confirmed that the children in the more unreliable environments were more likely to reveal potential misinformation. 12. What do psychologists recommend to help children deal with online misinformation? A. To leave them in a less protected information environment. B. To help them sort out different kinds of information. C. To require them to collect some useful information. D. To help them develop the ability of the critical thinking. 13. Who will be more likely to become a good fact-checker? A. The children working harder to make statements. B. The children seeing more false claims. C. The children exposed to more digital contexts. D. The children exposed to more reliable environments. 14. How were the experiments conducted? A. By making comparisons. B. By making questionnaires. C. By analyzing documents. D. By interviewing participants. 15. What can we learn from the experiments? A. They were carried out through the same online digital platform. B. Participants can tap the number of Zorpies to get true information. C. Participants can remove the sunglasses for reference. D They both presented false information to the participants. 【答案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. C 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了加州大学伯克利分校的心理学家通过实验发现，让孩子接触更多网络虚假信息能提高他们的怀疑精神和事实核查能力。 【12题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“In an era when online misinformation is seemingly everywhere and objective facts are often in argument, UC Berkeley psychologists in a new study have presented a somewhat contradictory partial solution: Expose young children to more misinformation online — not less.(在一个网络虚假信息似乎无处不在、客观事实常引发争议的时代，加州大学伯克利分校的心理学家在一项新研究中提出了一个看似矛盾的部分解决方案：让幼儿更多而非更少地接触网络虚假信息)”可知，心理学家建议让孩子处于一个较少受到保护的信息环境，接触更多虚假信息。故选A项。 【13题详解】 细节理解题。根据第五段中“Researchers found that the children who were the most hardworking about fact checking the Zorpies claims were also the ones who saw more false claims about animals earlier in the study. (研究人员发现，在核查关于佐皮人说法的真实性方面最努力的孩子，也是那些在研究早期看到更多关于动物虚假说法的孩子)”可知，看到更多虚假说法的孩子更有可能成为优秀的事实核查者。故选B项。 【14题详解】 推理判断题。根据第三段“The first study exposed them to an e-book with varying degrees of true and false statements about animals. Next to a picture of a zebra, for example, some children were shown truths like that zebras had black and white stripes. Others were shown falsehoods about zebras being red and green. Based on that information, they indicated whether the claims were true or false. A second study simulated (模拟) search engine results and posed similar animal facts and fictions.(第一项研究让他们看一本电子书，里面有不同程度的关于动物的真假陈述。例如，在一张斑马的照片旁边，一些孩子看到了斑马有黑白条纹这样的事实。其他人则被告知斑马是红色和绿色的谎言。根据这些信息，他们指出这些说法是真是假。第二项研究模拟了搜索引擎的结果，并提出了类似的动物事实和虚构)”和第五段中“Researchers found that the children who were the most hardworking about fact checking the Zorpies claims were also the ones who saw more false claims about animals earlier in the study. Meanwhile, those who had more reliable environments with fewer false claims earlier in the study did almost no fact checking. (研究人员发现，在核查关于佐皮人说法的真实性方面最努力的孩子，也是那些在研究早期看到更多关于动物虚假说法的孩子。与此同时，那些在研究早期处于更可靠环境、虚假说法较少的孩子几乎没有进行事实核查)”可知，实验通过对比不同信息环境下孩子的表现来进行，即通过做比较的方式开展实验。故选A项。 【15题详解】 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Children were then asked to decide whether all Zorpies had three eyes. But before making their final decision, participants were allowed to fact check the claim by tapping any number of the aliens, removing their sunglasses and revealing their eyes. (然后孩子们被要求判断是否所有佐皮人都有三只眼睛。但在做出最终决定之前，参与者可以通过点击任意数量的外星人、摘下他们的太阳镜并露出眼睛来核查这一说法)”可知，参与者可以摘下外星人的太阳镜来获取参考信息。故选C项。 第二节 （共5小题；每小题2.5分, 满分12.5分） 根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Essays are an extended piece of writing that presents an argument or information on a topic. They can vary in purpose, style and type but they all involve questioning, assessing and discussing ideas or evidence. Here are four tips on how to write an essay: introducing your essay, focusing on it structure, using quotes and sources, and ending with a conclusion. A good introduction explains the facts that the reader needs to know first. ___16___ Be clear about your aims and always write in the third person. It’s a good idea to begin your essay using the same style of language as the question, to show you are answering it directly. ___17___ Paragraphs can help. Start with a “topic sentence” that introduces what the paragraph is about. At the end, bring your topic to a close so the reader can move on to the next idea. ___18___ They connect it to the previous one. If you used ideas from a book in your essay, you can include snippets from it to support your points. These are quotes and have speech marks around them to show they are not your words. ___19___ For example, “Dr Roberts says, ‘Climate change is...’”. At the end of the essay, you can list all the books that helped you. In your final paragraph, you should conclude by summarising all your points to show how you have answered the essay question. You might begin this section with “In conclusion,” and your tone should be confident. ___20___ A. You should also share who said it. B. It helps readers improve their writing skills. C. To help the reader follow your ideas, you need structure. D. Writing essays is an unavoidable but fun part of studying lots of subjects. E. It sums up what the essay will be about and what you are trying to prove. F. Here you can write in the first person and give your own opinion on the topic. G. You can use words such as “however” or “furthermore” to start a new paragraph. 【答案】16. E 17. C 18. G 19. A 20. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如何书写一篇文章。 【16题详解】 根据上文“A good introduction explains the facts that the reader needs to know first.(一篇好的导言首先解释了读者需要知道的事实)”以及后文“Be clear about your aims and always write in the third person. It’s a good idea to begin your essay using the same style of language as the question, to show you are answering it directly.(明确你的目标，用第三人称写作。用与问题相同的语言风格来开始你的文章是个好主意，这样可以表明你在直接回答问题)”可知，本句主要说明导言需要包含的内容。故E选项“它概括了文章的内容和你想要证明的东西”符合语境，故选E。 【17题详解】 根据后文“Paragraphs can help. Start with a “topic sentence” that introduces what the paragraph is about. At the end, bring your topic to a close so the reader can move on to the next idea.(段落可以有所帮助。从“主题句”开始，介绍这段话的内容。最后，结束你的主题，这样读者就可以继续下一个想法了)”可知，本段主要针对文章的结构提出了一些建议，故C选项“为了帮助读者理解你的想法，你需要结构”符合语境，故选C。 【18题详解】 根据后文“They connect it to the previous one.(它们把它和前一个连接起来)”可知，本句主要说明如何连接段落，G选项中however和furthermore对应后文They。故G选项“你可以用‘however’或‘furthermore’这样的词来开始一个新的段落”符合语境，故选G。 【19题详解】 根据后文“For example, “Dr Roberts says, ‘Climate change is...’”. At the end of the essay, you can list all the books that helped you.(例如，“罗伯茨博士说，‘气候变化是……’”。在文章的最后，你可以列出所有帮助过你的书)”可知，后文的例子表明需要说明是谁的观点，故A选项“你也应该分享是谁说的”符合语境，故选A。 【20题详解】 根据上文“In your final paragraph, you should conclude by summarising all your points to show how you have answered the essay question. You might begin this section with “In conclusion,” and your tone should be confident.(在你的最后一段，你应该总结你所有的观点来表明你是如何回答文章问题的。你可以用“总结”来开始这个部分，你的语气应该自信)”可知，上文提到了如何写最后一段，且最后一段主要和自己的观点有关，故F选项“在这里，你可以用第一人称写出你对这个话题的看法”符合语境，故选F。 第三部分 英语知识运用（共两节，满分30分） 第一节 完形填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分） 阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 I’ve always wanted to do a long bike ride, and I longed for a huge adventure. I was ___21___ that this adventure would be sort of like a personal ___22___. I also saw it as a(an) ___23___ to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest. ___24___, I wanted to ride my bike to Alaska alone, but then I ___25___ that it would be way more fun to do it with a friend, so I called Alex. It was an ___26___ adventure, and we did a lot of cool things. ___27___, what I saw made me sad. We got to see the human ___28___ on nature in a way that I just hadn’t been exposed to before. I had a false ___29___ that there was still a lot of untouched nature out there. We biked 2,400 miles, and it turned out that basically the only places that felt ____30____ were the national parks. Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted. The town we ____31____ through gets bigger at the expense of cutting down all the trees. ____32____ all this human impact, I strongly felt how much the world we’ve already ____33____. I guess that the only places on Earth that have not had ____34____ human impact are the places that are just too difficult to reach. I ____35____ a lot about it. It’s one of those things where you have to decide between doing something that’s totally green or you can tell an inspiring story. 21. A. pitiful B. hopeful C. grateful D. graceful 22. A. transformation B. freedom C. creation D. solution 23. A. dream B. advertisement C. opportunity D. experiment 24. A. Luckily B. Abnormally C. Gradually D. Originally 25. A. realized B. doubted C. denied D. recommended 26. A. identical B. incredible C. embarrassing D. academic 27. A. Meanwhile B. Therefore C. Perhaps D. Otherwise 28. A. dependence B. reflection C. impact D. affection 29. A. story B. interaction C. decision D. perception 30. A. unbalanced B. uncontrolled C. untouched D. unfinished 31. A. ran B. worked C. cut D. biked 32. A. Advocating B. Favoring C. Witnessing D. Approving 33. A. destroyed B. protected C. explored D. polluted 34. A. small B. meaningful C. positive D. massive 35. A. admired B. thought C. dreamed D. complained 【答案】21. B 22. A 23. C 24. D 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. D 30. C 31. D 32. C 33. A 34. D 35. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者渴望长途骑行冒险，途中看到人类对自然的破坏，深刻意识到世界被破坏的程度，对此思考颇多。 【21题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我一直想进行一次长途骑行，并且渴望一场大冒险。我希望这次冒险能有点像一次个人的转变。A. pitiful可怜的；B. hopeful抱有希望的；C. grateful感激的；D. graceful优雅的。由上文“longed for a huge adventure”及后文对这次冒险的期待描述可知，作者对冒险是抱有希望的，hopeful符合语境。故选B项。 【22题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我希望这次冒险能有点像一次个人的转变。A. transformation转变；B. freedom自由；C. creation创造；D. solution解决办法。由上文“this adventure would be sort of like a personal”可知，作者渴望通过这次冒险，在个人方面有所变化，transformation符合语境。故选A项。 【23题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我也把它看作是一个提高人们对汤加斯国家森林认识的机会。A. dream梦想；B. advertisement广告；C. opportunity机会；D. experiment实验。由下文“to raise awareness about the Tongass National Forest”可知，作者认为长途骑行可作为提升公众对森林认识的契机，opportunity符合语境。故选C项。 【24题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：最初，我想独自骑自行车去阿拉斯加，但后来我意识到和朋友一起去会有趣得多，所以我打电话给了亚历克斯。A. Luckily幸运地；B. Abnormally反常地；C. Gradually逐渐地；D. Originally最初。根据下文“but then”表示转折可知，这里指最初的想法是独自骑自行车去阿拉斯加，originally符合语境。故选D项。 【25题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：最初，我想独自骑自行车去阿拉斯加，但后来我意识到和朋友一起去会有趣得多，所以我打电话给了亚历克斯。A. realized意识到；B. doubted怀疑；C. denied否认；D. recommended推荐。由下文“that it would be way more fun to do it with a friend”可知，作者转变独自骑行的想法，是意识到和朋友一起更有趣，realized符合语境。故选A项。 【26题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这是一次令人难以置信的冒险，我们做了很多很酷的事情。A. identical相同的；B. incredible难以置信的；C. embarrassing尴尬的；D. academic学术的。由下文“we did a lot of cool things”可知，这次冒险很棒，即是令人难以置信的，incredible符合语境。故选B项。 【27题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：与此同时，我所看到的让我难过。A. Meanwhile与此同时；B. Therefore因此；C. Perhaps也许；D. Otherwise否则。由上文“we did a lot of cool things”可知，上文说冒险很棒，这里说看到的景象让人难过，是同一时间的不同感受，meanwhile符合语境。故选A项。 【28题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我们以一种我从未接触过的方式看到了人类对自然的影响。A. dependence依赖；B. reflection反映；C. impact影响；D. affection喜爱。由下文“Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted”可知，下文描述人类对自然的破坏，而这里指人类对自然的影响，impact符合语境。下文“ 12 all this human impact”也有原词复现。故选C项。 【29题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：我有一种错误的认知，认为外面仍然有很多未被触及的自然。A. story故事；B. interaction互动；C. decision决定；D. perception认知。由下文“there was still a lot of untouched nature out there”可知，作者之前以为有很多未被破坏的自然，这是一种认知，perception符合语境。故选D项。 【30题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我们骑行了2400英里，结果发现基本上唯一感觉未被触及的地方是国家公园。A. unbalanced不平衡的；B. uncontrolled不受控制的；C. untouched未被触及的；D. unfinished未完成的。由上文“ there was still a lot of untouched nature out there”可知，前文提到以为有很多未被触及的自然，这里指实际上只有国家公园感觉是未被破坏、未被触及的，untouched符合语境。故选C项。 【31题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们骑车穿过的那个城镇以砍伐所有树木为代价变得越来越大。A. ran跑；B. worked工作；C. cut切；D. biked骑行。由上文“We biked 2,400 miles”可知，作者是骑行，biked符合语境。故选D项。 【32题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹了所有这些人类的影响，我强烈地感觉到我们已经破坏了多少世界。A. Advocating提倡；B. Favoring支持；C. Witnessing目睹；D. Approving批准。由下文“all this human impact”可知，这里指作者是看到了人类对自然的影响，witnessing符合语境。故选C项。 【33题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：目睹了所有这些人类的影响，我强烈地感觉到我们已经破坏了多少世界。A. destroyed破坏；B. protected保护；C. explored探索；D. polluted污染。由上文“Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted”可知，上文描述人类对自然的破坏行为，这里指这是破坏了世界，destroyed符合语境。故选A项。 【34题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我想地球上唯一没有受到巨大人类影响的地方是那些难以到达的地方。A. small小的；B. meaningful有意义的；C. positive积极的；D. massive巨大的。由上文“Everything else felt like it had been logged or mined or somehow extracted”可知，上文描述人类对自然广泛的破坏影响，而这里指没有受到巨大影响的地方，massive符合语境。故选D项。 【35题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：关于这件事我思考了很多。这是那种你必须在做完全环保的事情和讲述一个鼓舞人心的故事之间做出选择的事情之一。A. admired钦佩；B. thought思考；C. dreamed梦想；D. complained抱怨。由下文“It’s one of those things where you have to decide between doing something that’s totally green or you can tell an inspiring story.”可知，下文讲了对面临选择的思考，所以这里指作者对这件事思考了很多，thought符合语境。故选B项。 第二节 （共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分） 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 Sign language uses hand movements, body language and facial ___36___ (expression) as a way to communicate, instead of speaking or writing. There are around 300 sign languages in the world and the most common in the UK is British Sign Language (BSL). Like spoken languages, sign languages grow and change over time, often ___37___ (add) new words and phrases. The first evidence of sign language ___38___ (date) back to the 5th century BC, but historians believe it may be even ___39___ (old) than spoken language. The earliest known use of sign language in the UK was recorded at a wedding in 1576, and the first school for deaf children ___40___ (open) in Scotland in 1760. ___41___ it was widely used, signing wasn’t encouraged until the 1970s and most deaf children were taught spoken ___42___ written language instead. In 2003, the UK Government ___43___ (official) accepted that BSL was a language in its own right. Then, in 2022, the law was updated to make BSL ___44___ legally recognised language of England, Wales and Scotland. Giving BSL this status encourages schools and workplaces ___45___ (provide) more support for hearing-impaired (听力受损的) pupils, workers and customers. 【答案】36. expressions 37. adding 38. dates 39. older 40. opened##was opened 41. Though##Although##While 42. and 43. officially 44. a 45. to provide 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了手语的定义、种类及在英国的发展历程等情况。 【36题详解】 考查名词的数。句意：手语使用手部动作、肢体语言和面部表情作为交流方式，而不是说话或书写。本空与hand movements和body language并列，作uses的宾语，expression“表情”不止一种，此处应用名词复数形式expressions。故填expressions。 【37题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：像口语一样，手语随着时间的推移而发展和变化，经常添加新的单词和短语。本句谓语为grow and change，此处为非谓语动词，且sign languages与add“添加”为主动关系，应用现在分词，作状语。故填adding。 【38题详解】 考查主谓一致和时态。句意：手语的第一个证据可以追溯到公元前5世纪，但历史学家认为它可能比口语还要古老。date back to“追溯到”。句子描述一般事实，时态用一般现在时，主语The first evidence of sign language为第三人称单数，谓语也用第三人称单数形式dates。故填dates。 【39题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：手语的第一个证据可以追溯到公元前5世纪，但历史学家认为它可能比口语还要古老。根据句中的than可知，此处应用形容词的比较级形式older“更古老的”。故填older。 【40题详解】 考查动词时态或语态。句意：英国已知最早使用手语的记录是在1576年的一场婚礼上，第一所聋儿学校于1760年在苏格兰开办。本空在句中作谓语，根据时间状语in 1760可知，本句描述过去的动作和状态，时态应用一般过去时，谓语用open“开”的过去式opened。或者主语the first school与谓语动词open“打开”之间为被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为第三人称单数，be动词应用was。故填opened或was opened。 【41题详解】 考查让步状语从句。句意：尽管手语被广泛使用，但直到20世纪70年代它才受到鼓励，大多数聋儿被教授口语和书面语言来代替手语。前后句意存在让步关系，应用although/though/while“虽然”引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写。故填Although/Though/While。 【42题详解】 考查连词。句意：尽管手语被广泛使用，但直到20世纪70年代它才受到鼓励，大多数聋儿被教授口语和书面语言来代替手语。spoken和written为并列关系，应用连词and连接。故填and。 【43题详解】 考查副词。句意：2003年，英国政府正式承认英国手语本身就是一种语言。此处修饰动词 accepted，应用副词officially“正式地”，作状语。故填officially。 【44题详解】 考查冠词。句意：然后，在2022年，法律更新，使英国手语成为英格兰、威尔士和苏格兰的一种合法认可的语言。此处表示泛指“一种合法认可的语言”，应用不定冠词，legally是以辅音音素开头的单词，应用冠词a。故填a。 【45题详解】 考查非谓语动词。句意：给予BSL这一地位，鼓励学校和工作场所为听力障碍学生、工人和客户提供更多支持。encourage sb./sth. to do sth.为固定用法，意为“鼓励某人/某物做某事”，此处应用动词provide“提供”的不定式to provide，作宾补。故填to provide。 第四部分 写作（共两节，满分40分） 第一节 应用文写作（满分15分） 46. 假定你是李华，上周五你参加了学校举办的越野跑比赛。请你给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括： （1）比赛情况； （2）意义和收获 注意： （1）写作词数应为80个左右； （2）首句已为你写好，不计入总词数。 _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】Dear Tom, Last Friday, I participated in our school’s cross-country running race. It was a challenging yet rewarding experience. The race took place on a rough path, surrounded by breathtaking natural scenery. I did whatever I could to finish the whole course, with my classmates cheering for me and offering necessary help as well as encouragement. At last, I managed to reach the finishing line, receiving applause and cheers from people present. Not only did the race strengthened our mental and physical health, but also helped us realize the meaning of perseverance. Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生给英国朋友Tom写一封邮件分享学校举办的越野跑比赛经历。 【详解】1.词汇积累 参加：participate in→take part in 有益的：rewarding→beneficial 加强：strengthen→enhance 完成：finish→complete 2.句式拓展 合并简单句 原句：Last Friday, I participated in our school’s cross-country running race. It was a challenging yet rewarding experience. 拓展句：Last Friday I participated in our school’s cross-country running race, which was a challenging yet rewarding experience. 【点睛】[高分句型1] At last, I managed to reach the finishing line, receiving applause and cheers from people present. (运用了现在分词作状语) [高分句型2] Not only did the race strengthened our mental and physical health, but also helped us realize the meaning of perseverance. (运用了倒装句) 第二节 读后续写 (满分25 分) 47. 阅读下面短文，根据所给情节，使之构成一个完整的故事。 Late at night, the hospital was as quiet as a library. The soft hum of fluorescent lights (荧光灯) and the rhythmic beep of medical equipment created a quiet atmosphere. Nurses moved silently from room to room, attending to their patients with gentle care. But suddenly, a wild wolf burst through the doors, breaking the silence. The hallways, usually filled with soft talking and the beep-beep of machines, were now full of scared noises. People couldn’t believe their eyes as the wolf turned their safe place into a mess. Katie, a brave nurse, was there too. She’s always calm in tough times, but even she was surprised to see a wolf in the hospital. While everyone else ran away, Katie stood still. Her heart was beating really fast, and her hands were shaking. She was so confused! But then, Katie saw something strange. The wolf had something in its mouth - it looked like a tiny animal. This was very odd for a wolf. Katie’s curiosity made her forget her fear. She really wanted to know what was happening and how she could help. As soon as people saw the wolf, the hospital’s security team jumped into action. They told everyone to leave the building calmly. “Go to the nearest exit, please!” they said loudly, but in a way that made people feel safe. They moved fast, helping everyone get out of the building without taking any risks. “Stay together and follow me!” they told the crowd, making sure nobody got lost. Katie felt her heart beating even faster than before. The sight of the wolf made her want to find out why and help them. It was a very unusual situation, and she knew she had to do something. 注意： 1. 续写词数应为150左右； 2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。 Paragraph 1: She decided to approach the wolf slowly, speaking in a soft, peaceful voice. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Paragraph 2: When knowing she came to help, the wolf seemed to understand. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】 Paragraph 1:  She decided to approach the wolf slowly, speaking in a soft, peaceful voice. “Hey there,” Katie whispered, moving cautiously. “It’s okay. I’m not going to hurt you.” The wolf’s eyes were full of fear and desperation, but it didn’t growl or try to run away. As Katie got closer, she could see that the tiny animal in its mouth was a badly injured wolf cub. “Oh, you poor thing,” she murmured, reaching out a hand. The mother wolf hesitated for a moment, then gently placed the cub at Katie’s feet, as if asking for help. Paragraph 2:  When knowing she came to help, the wolf seemed to understand. It backed away a few steps, allowing Katie to examine the cub. Katie quickly assessed the cub’s injuries. She glanced back at the mother wolf, who was watching her intently, and spoke softly, “I’ll do my best to save your baby.” With the hospital staff assisting, they worked together to clean and bandage the wounds. The mother wolf waited anxiously. After what seemed like hours, the mother wolf’s eyes softened in relief as she gently took the cub back. Katie watched as they disappeared into the night, feeling a deep sense of accomplishment and wonder. 【解析】 【导语】本文以人物为线索展开。深夜，医院异常安静，突然闯入一只狼，引起恐慌。勇敢护士Katie镇定观察，发现狼嘴中有小动物。安保人员迅速行动，指挥人员安全撤离，而Katie决定采取行动。 【详解】1.段落续写 ①由第一段句首内容“她决定慢慢地走近狼，用柔和、平静的声音说话。”可知，第一段可以描写Katie努力和狼沟通并让狼理解她的善意的过程。 ②由第二段句首内容“当知道她来帮忙时，狼似乎理解了。”可知，第二段可以描写狼放下戒备，让Katie拯救小狼的过程。 2.续写线索：用柔和、平静的声音说话—把幼崽放下—狼理解—救助小狼—离开 3.词汇激活 行为类 ①犹豫：hesitate/falter ②放置：place/put ③允许：allow/permit 情绪类 ①害怕：fear/scare ②绝望：desperation/despair 【点睛】【高分句型1】 As Katie got closer, she could see that the tiny animal in its mouth was a badly injured wolf cub. (运用了As引导的时间状语从句、that引导的宾语从句) 【高分句型2】After what seemed like hours, the mother wolf’s eyes softened in relief as she gently took the cub back. (运用了what引导的宾语从句、as引导的时间状语从句) 1-5 CACBC 6-10 CBACB 11-15 BACCA 16-20 CBBCA 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$