Unit 1 Section A 知识清单 2024-2025学年人教版英语八年级下册

Unit 1 What’s the matter? Section A 1. matter n.事情,问题 - What’s the matter? 回答通常是:我生了...病/哪里不舒服。 - I have a cold. / I have a -ache. /I have a sore throat. What’s the matter with sb. ? =What’s the problem with sb.?/What’s the trouble with sb.? =What’s wrong with sb.? wrong 是形容词,前面没有the. 2. 疾病的三种表达方式: ①I have a +疾病。 have a cold感冒/ have a fever发烧/ have a cough咳嗽/have a nosebleed流鼻血 拓展:have the flu得流感 ②I have a sore +身体部位。 I have a sore throat(喉咙) / back(背) / neck(脖子) / leg(腿). ③I have a 身体部位+ache后缀 I have a stomachache(胃痛) / toothache(牙痛) / headache(头痛) / backache(背痛) 3. 疾病相关建议表达 drink some hot tea with honey喝点蜂蜜水/ get an X-ray拍X光 lie down and rest躺下来休息/ take one’s temperature量体温 see a dentist看牙医/ put some medicine on it在上面涂药 go to a doctor看医生/ go to the hospital去医院 take the medicine吃药/ get some sleep睡觉 4. 常见身体部位 head头/ eye眼睛/ nose鼻子/ mouth嘴巴/ ear耳朵/ hair头发 hand手/ arm手臂/ leg腿/ knee膝盖/ foot脚/ tooth牙齿/ back背 stomach胃/ neck脖子/ finger手指/ throat喉咙/ face脸/ brain大脑 heart心脏 5. lie 1)动词,“躺,平躺 ” 词形变化:lie(原形) - lay(过去式) - lain(过去分词) - lying (现在分词) 重点短语:lie down 躺下 lie down and rest躺下来休息 2)动词,“说谎” 词形变化:lie(原形) - lied(过去式) - lied(过去分词) - lying(现在分词) 重点短语:lie to sb. 对某人说谎 注:口诀“规则说谎,不规则躺”——作为“说谎”,动词变形是规则变化;作为“躺”,动词变形是不规则 3)名词,“谎言” 可数名词,复数形式lies 重点短语:tell a lie / tell lies 6. break 1) 动词,“打破” break(原形) - broke(过去式) - broken(过去分词) 短语:break the window 打破窗户 break the rule打破规则 2) 名词,“间歇,休息” 短语: have/take a break = have a rest 休息一会 3) 拓展broken,可以作为形容词,“破损的” 7. hurt 动词,“疼痛,受伤” hurt(原形) - hurt (过去式) - hurt (过去分词) 短语:hurt oneself 伤到某人自己 8. hit动词,“击,打” hit(原形) - hit (过去式) - hit (过去分词) 9. to one’s surprise 让某人惊讶的是 1)人称代词用形容词性物主代词,例如: to my surprise让我惊讶的是/ to our surprise让我们惊讶的是 2) 具体人称用’s/s’所有格,例如: to mom’s surprise让妈妈惊讶的是/ to teachers’ surprise让老师惊讶的是 10. Get+介词词组 get off“下车”/ get on“上车”/ get into“陷入,参与” get up“起床”/ get out“出去”/ get along“相处” 11. off 介词,“离开,不工作;从...去掉” off 系列短语:get off 下车/ put off 推迟/ take off 脱掉,起飞 cut off 切除/ set off出发/ turn off关闭,关上 12. 3a课文里的重点短语和搭配 shout for help 大声呼喊帮助/ without thinking twice毫不犹豫 act quickly快速行动/ take the man to the hospital把男人带到医院 most or all of the passengers大多数或者全部额乘客 expect passengers to get off and wait for the next bus期望乘客下车,等下一辆车(expect sb. to do sth期望某人做某事) agree to do sth. 同意做某事/ help to do sth. 帮助做某事 want to do sth.想要做某事/ thanks to 幸亏/ thanks for感谢 move the man onto the bus把男人移到车上 think about saving a life想着救人(think about doing sth) 学科网(北京)股份有限公司 $$