精品解析：北京房山区2024-2025学年高一上学期期末考试英语试题

房山区2024-2025学年度第一学期学业水平调研(二) 高一英语 本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Chris has a lovely daughter, Andy, who is studying in a middle school. When helping his daughter get through school and life, Chris is gradually aware of the great power of ___1___. In August 2017, Chris noticed something unusual — Andy was unwilling to talk to them and anxious about going to school. Later, Chris learned that she had ___2___ in making friends. Chris came to Andy’s rescue by writing her an ___3___ lunch note that read, “Be nice to others. Not everyone will look like you. Learn to spot the unique and special things in other people. You have the power to change someone’s life!” The father hoped this small note could ___4___ Andy’s day. Chris wasn’t sure if Andy was reading the note, but he ___5___ put notes in her lunch bag during the following days. As they were chatting at home one day, the young girl ___6___ him with a family picture she had drawn. That was when he knew the messages worked. Chris said the notes had ___7___ his relationship with Andy. Their daughter is now more willing to chat with them about what’s going on in her school. He hoped these messages could help ___8___ her character and morals, which was more important than any grade she got. To his delight, Andy has grown into a strong, outgoing teenager. Chris shows how a simple act of writing notes can ___9___ a child’s life. Chris has written over 690 notes to Andy, and in 2018, he published a book on them named “Lucky Enough”. He understands that a book of notes from a dad to his daughter won’t sell a lot. But if it helps even just one single parent ______10______ with their child, he knows it has done its job. 1. A. pictures B. words C. stories D. books 2. A. ambition B. impatience C. difficulty D. advantage 3. A. inspiring B. embarrassing C. exciting D. annoying 4. A. determine B. record C. update D. brighten 5. A. continuously B. obviously C. originally D. conveniently 6. A. encouraged B. comforted C. surprised D. disappointed 7. A. maintained B. reminded C. destroyed D. strengthened 8. A. reflect B. shape C. recognize D. judge 9. A. affect B. enrich C. capture D. approach 10. A. settle B. connect C. play D. discuss 【答案】1. B 2. C 3. A 4. D 5. A 6. C 7. D 8. B 9. A 10. B 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了克里斯通过给女儿安迪写午餐便条的方式，帮助她克服了交友困难和上学焦虑的故事。 【1题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：在帮助女儿度过学校和生活的过程中，克里斯逐渐意识到文字的巨大力量。A. pictures图片；B. words话语，文字；C. stories故事；D. books书。根据后文 “Chris said the notes had ___7___ his relationship with Andy.”可知克里斯说这些便签加强了她和安迪的关系。说明在帮助女儿度过学校和生活的过程中，克里斯逐渐意识到文字的巨大力量。故选B项。 【2题详解】 考查名词词义辨析。句意：后来，克里斯了解到她在交朋友方面有困难。A. ambition野心；B. impatience不耐烦；C. difficulty困难；D. advantage优势。根据上句“In August 2017, Chris noticed something unusual — Andy was unwilling to talk to them and anxious about going to school.”可知，2017年8月克里斯注意到一些不寻常的事情——安迪不愿意和他们说话，对上学感到焦虑。说明后来，克里斯了解到她在交朋友方面有困难。故选C项。 【3题详解】 考查形容词词义辨析。句意：克里斯给安迪写了一张鼓舞人心的午餐便签，上面写着：“善待他人。不是每个人都会像你一样。学会发现别人身上独特和特别的东西。你有改变一个人一生的力量！”A. inspiring鼓舞人心的；B. embarrassing令人尴尬的；C. exciting令人兴奋的；D. annoying令人生气的。根据下句““Be nice to others. Not everyone will look like you. Learn to spot the unique and special things in other people. You have the power to change someone’s life!””可知“善待他人。不是每个人都会像你一样。学会发现别人身上独特和特别的东西。你有改变一个人一生的力量！”说明克里斯帮了安迪一把，给她写了一张鼓舞人心的便签。故选A项。 【4题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：父亲希望这张小纸条能照亮安迪的一天。A. determine决定；B. record记录；C. update更新；D. brighten照亮。根据后文“Chris said the notes had ___7___ his relationship with Andy.”可知克里斯说这些便签加强了他和安迪的关系。说明父亲希望这张小纸条能照亮安迪的一天。故选D项。 【5题详解】 考查副词词义辨析。句意：克里斯不确定安迪是否在看纸条，但在接下来的几天里，他不断地把纸条放在她的午餐袋里。A. continuously持续地；B. obviously明显地；C. originally最初地；D. conveniently方便地。根据空后“put notes in her lunch bag during the following days”可知克里斯在接下来的几天里，不断地把纸条放在她的午餐袋里。故选A项。 【6题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：一天，当他们在家聊天时，年轻的女孩给他一个惊喜，她画了一张全家福。A. encouraged鼓励；B. comforted安慰；C. surprised使惊讶；D. disappointed使失望。根据下句“That was when he knew the messages worked.”可知那时他知道信息起作用了。说明年轻的女孩给他一个惊喜，她画了一张全家福。故选C项。 【7题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克里斯说这些便签加强了他和安迪的关系。A. maintained维持；B. reminded提醒；C. destroyed破坏；D. strengthened加强。根据下句“Their daughter is now more willing to chat with them about what’s going on in her school.”可知女儿安迪现在更愿意和他们谈谈学校里发生的事情。说明克里斯说这些便签加强了他和安迪的关系。故选D项。 【8题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：他希望这些信息可以帮助塑造她的性格和道德，这比她得到的任何分数都重要。A. reflect反映；B. shape塑造；C. recognize识别；D. judge判断。根据常识和空后“her character and morals”可知他希望这些信息可以帮助塑造她的性格和道德。故选B项。 9题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：克里斯展示了一个简单的写便条的行为是如何影响一个孩子的一生的。A. affect影响；B. enrich丰富；C. capture捕捉；D. approach靠近。根据上句 “To his delight, Andy has grown into a strong, outgoing teenager.”可知令他高兴的是，安迪已经成长为一个强壮外向的青少年。说明克里斯展示了一个简单的写便条的行为是如何影响一个孩子的一生的。故选A项。 【10题详解】 考查动词词义辨析。句意：但是，如果它能帮助哪怕只是一个单亲家长与他们的孩子建立联系，他知道它已经完成了它的工作。A. settle解决；B. connect联系；C. play玩；D. discuss讨论。根据前文“Chris said the notes had ___7___ his relationship with Andy.”和“Chris has written over 690 notes to Andy, and in 2018, he published a book on them named “Lucky Enough”.”可知那些便签加强了他和安迪的关系，借由那些便条他出版了一本书，他希望书籍能帮助父母和孩子之间建立联系。故选B项。 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Growing up with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries. My mom has sweet ____11____ (memory) of the food in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot! ____12____ there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try. My dad once told me he was shocked by what he saw on the table when he first visited my mom’s parents in China. To me, there’s nothing ____13____ (good) than a cross-cultural afternoon tea. 【答案】11. memories 12. But 13. better 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者混合文化背景下的饮食体验。 【11题详解】 考查名词复数。句意：我妈妈对四川的食物有着美好的回忆，经常做辣菜。根据空前sweet可知，空处需用名词作宾语，memory为可数名词，结合语境和常识，妈妈对四川食物的记忆应该是多方面的，因此用复数形式memories。故填 memories。 【12题详解】 考查连词。句意：但是仍然有一些爸爸不敢尝试的菜肴。根据空前“Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot!”和空后“there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try.”可知，空前后句意之间构成转折关系，所以空处需用连词but连接，句首单词首字母大写。故填But。 【13题详解】 考查形容词比较级。句意：对我来说，没有什么比跨文化下午茶更好了。根据空前“there’s nothing”和空后“than”可知，空处需用形容词good的比较级better，构成“nothing + 比较级 + than”结构，表示“没有比……更……的东西”。故填better。 B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to places ____14____ they will spend the winter. So far, scientists ____15____ (discover) that the monarch is able to tell the time of the day and then uses its eyes ____16____ (measure) the position of the sun. These two pieces of information allow the butterfly to determine the way to go. 【答案】14. where 15. have discovered 16. to measure 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了每年秋天，数百万帝王蝶南飞约4000公里寻过冬之地，科学家发现帝王蝶能辨时间，并通过眼睛测量太阳位置，借此确定行进方向。 【14题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：每年秋天，数以百万计帝王蝶都会设法向南飞行约4000公里，找到它们过冬的地方。分析句子可知，设空处引导定语从句，先行词places，表示地点，在从句中作地点状语成分，所以为关系副词where引导。故填where。 【15题详解】 考查动词时态。句意：到目前为止，科学家们已经发现帝王蝶能够分辨一天中的时间，然后用它的眼睛来测量太阳的位置。根据时间状语“So far”（到目前为止），常与现在完成时连用，现在完成时的结构是 “have/has +过去分词”，主语“scientists”是复数，所以用have discovered。故填have discovered。 【16题详解】 考查动词不定式。句意：到目前为止，科学家们已经发现帝王蝶能够分辨一天中的时间，然后用它的眼睛来测量太阳的位置。分析句子可知，此处为固定短语use sth. to do sth，表示“使用某物做某事”，所以此处为动词不定式形式。故填to measure。 C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Longji Rice Terraces ____17____ (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people many years ago so that they could have more areas to grow rice. And the terraces are ____18____ (clever) designed to catch rainwater and hold the shallow soil. They also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of ____19____ feed on insects that can harm crops. Today, thousands of visitors are attracted to this great wonder that proves people can work in harmony ____20____ nature. 【答案】17. were built 18. cleverly 19. which 20. with 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了龙脊梯田由当地壮族和瑶族人多年前建造，用以扩大水稻种植面积，其设计巧妙可蓄雨水、保土壤，还为鸟鱼提供良好环境，鸟鱼中部分以害虫为食，如今这一伟大奇迹吸引众多游客，展现了人与自然能和谐共处。 【17题详解】 考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：龙脊梯田是当地壮族和瑶族人多年前建造的，这样他们就有更多的地方种植水稻。根据时间状语“many years ago”可知，句子时态为一般过去时；主语“The Longji Rice Terraces”（龙脊梯田）与动词“build”（建造）之间是被动关系，即梯田是被建造的，所以要用一般过去时的被动语态，其结构为“was/were +过去分词”，主语是复数，所以用were built。故填were built。 【18题详解】 考查副词。句意：梯田的设计很巧妙，可以吸收雨水，保持浅层土壤。此处修饰动词“designed”，应该用副词形式，clever的副词是cleverly，意为 “巧妙地；聪明地”。故填cleverly。 【19题详解】 考查定语从句。句意：它们还为鸟类和鱼类提供了完美的生存环境，其中一些以危害作物的昆虫为食。分析句子结构，“some of ____3____ feed on insects that can harm crops”是一个非限制性定语从句，先行词是“birds and fish”，指物，在介词“of”后作宾语，所以用关系代词which引导。故填which。 【20题详解】 考查固定短语。句意：今天，成千上万的游客被这个伟大的奇迹所吸引，它证明了人可以与自然和谐相处。“in harmony with”是固定短语，意为“与…… 和谐相处”，所以此处填介词with。故填with。 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Would you consider looking for a meaningful way to spend your vacation? Then look no further. Going into 2025, we want to offer our best. We have chosen a list of best volunteer trips to kick off the new year! Zimbabwe — Volunteer at the African Wildlife Reserve A lot of documentaries (纪录片) have introduced the features of African Wildlife Reserve. Volunteers work closely with a wide range of animals, tortoises, monkeys, leopards, and so many more. Are you interested? Come and help to look after the brilliant wildlife! You will also learn how to collect data and conduct research. Sri Lanka — Women’s English Literacy and Empowerment Program Make the most out of your travels by helping women improve their English skills. You are helping these women create more job opportunities and career choices. This program is on the southwest coast of Sri Lanka. The volunteers have access to wonderful beaches and get to explore the charming city. Belize—Private Island Marine (海洋的) Experience For the marine protection vacation, look no further! Protect the Belize Barrier Reef from the home-base of a private island. Volunteer tasks include removing invasive (入侵的) species and contributing to a whale shark database. Indonesia — Education Enrichment in Bali Become a volunteer in one of Indonesia’s most famous and picturesque islands, Bali. Help us provide free educational enrichment to children from local communities. After public school finishes, volunteers help the students complete their homework or work on improving their English. 21. In the African Wildlife Reserve program, volunteers will ______. A. take care of the wildlife B. go on adventures in Africa C. produce documentaries on animals D. find out the features of the program 22. What is the aim of the program in Belize? A. To develop a private island. B. To build a whale shark database. C. To protect the Belize Barrier Reef. D. To introduce some invasive species. 23. What do the volunteers in Sri Lanka and Indonesia have in common? A. They come from local communities. B. They can help with English. C. They provide job opportunities. D. They prefer teaching children. 【答案】21. A 22. C 23. B 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇应用文。主要介绍了2025年推荐的四个有意义的志愿旅行项目。 【21题详解】 细节理解题。根据Zimbabwe — Volunteer at the African Wildlife Reserve部分的“Come and help to look after the brilliant wildlife!( 快来帮助照看这些美丽的野生动物吧！)”可知，在非洲野生动物保护区项目中，志愿者将帮忙照顾野生动物。故选A项。 【22题详解】 细节理解题。根据Belize — Private Island Marine (海洋的) Experience部分的“For the marine protection vacation, look no further! Protect the Belize Barrier Reef from the home-base of a private island.( 对于海洋保护假期，不要再看了！保护伯利兹大堡礁免受私人岛屿的侵扰。)”可知，伯利兹项目的目的是保护伯利兹大堡礁。故选C项。 【23题详解】 细节理解题。根据Sri Lanka — Women’s English Literacy and Empowerment Program部分的“Make the most out of your travels by helping women improve their English skills.( 通过帮助女性提高英语技能，最大限度地利用你的旅行。)”可知，在斯里兰卡的项目中志愿者帮助女性提高英语技能；根据Indonesia—Education Enrichment in Bali部分的“After public school finishes, volunteers help the students complete their homework or work on improving their English.( 公立学校放学后，志愿者帮助学生完成家庭作业或提高英语水平。)”可知，在印度尼西亚巴厘岛的项目中志愿者帮助学生提高英语。所以在斯里兰卡和印度尼西亚的志愿者的共同之处是他们都可以在英语方面提供帮助。故选B项。 B Five years ago, a truly unforgettable event took place. My wife and I were celebrating our 40th wedding anniversary that year. To our delight, it was a splendid event, lovingly hosted by our sons just for us. Our dear, old friends gave us a wonderful surprise with their thoughtful gifts and heartfelt congratulations. Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west. After repairing our car, we drove from Ontario into Alberta, then southward into Glacier National Park in Montana, and continued to Yellowstone National Park. It was a cold spring day, and the Beartooth Highway had opened for the season just days before. Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow there: The scenery was so impressive that we made lots of stops to record with my camera. At the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the centre of my camera lens. There were not many cars on the road. Sometimes, cars with energetic young tourists passed by. And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance. The driver of the motorcycle, who wore dirty clothes, parked behind our cars. Approaching us, he spoke only a simple command (命令), “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.” I must admit I felt nervous that he might take our things away where we just had some wonderful experiences. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could offer our thanks. Unexpectedly, the photo he took is now one of the most valuable and prized of our trip. In that unexpected encounter, I absorbed a lesson in the most unlikely of place. We should never judge a man by the first impression. To the motorcyclist who may one day read this story and remember us: we wish to extend our deepest appreciation and a heartfelt “Thank you” for the kindness you showed us that day. 24. Why did the couple frequently stop on their trip? A. To clear the heavy snow on Beartooth Highway. B. To take pictures of the beautiful views. C. To make repairs on their car. D. To chat with young tourists. 25. The author’s nervousness was caused by ______. A. the fewer cars on the road B. the noise of the motorcycle C. the stranger’s amazing photo D. the motorcyclist’s unexpected command 26. Which of the following can best describe the driver of the motorcycle? A. Rich and generous. B. Creative and capable. C. Kind and straightforward. D. Careful and admirable. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. First impression cannot always be trusted. B. Appreciate something before it’s gone. C. Patience is a cure of nervousness. D. Actions speak louder than words. 【答案】24. B 25. D 26. C 27. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述为了庆祝结婚四十周年，作者和妻子进行了一场旅行，在途中遇到一位骑摩托的人，他原本是想帮他们拍照，但是他耿直的态度和脏乱的外表让作者误以为他要抢劫，作者写这篇文章为了感谢他并且告诉我们不能以貌取人。 【24题详解】 细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The scenery was so impressive that we made lots of stops to record with my camera.(风景太令人印象深刻了，我们停了很多地方用相机记录)”可知，景色如此令人印象深刻，以至于我们停下来很多次用我的相机记录下来。由此可知，这对夫妇在旅途中频繁停车是为了拍摄美丽的风景。故选B。 【25题详解】 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Approaching us, he spoke only a simple command (命令), ‘Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.’I must admit I felt nervous that he might take our things away where we just had some wonderful experiences.(走近我们时，他只说了一句简单的命令，“把你的相机给我，和你妻子一起去那里。”我必须承认，我感到很紧张，因为他可能会把我们的东西拿走，而我们刚刚有了一些美好的经历)”可知，陌生司机突然要给他们照相，作者感到紧张，害怕相机会被拿走。由此可知，作者的紧张是由摩托车手的意外命令引起的。故选D。 【26题详解】 推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Approaching us, he spoke only a simple command, “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.” I must admit I felt nervous that we might be robbed where we just created some beautiful memories. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could offer our thanks.(走近我们时，他只说了一句简单的命令：“把你的相机给我，和你妻子一起过去。”我必须承认，我很紧张，因为我们可能会在创造美好回忆的地方被抢劫。令人惊讶的是，他仅仅给我们拍了一张照片，还没来得及表示感谢，就把我的相机交了回来，然后骑车离开了)”可知，这位骑摩托车的人和作者素不相识，可他却直接走过来让作者把相机给他，让作者误以为被抢劫，可结果证明他是好心，只是想要帮作者和妻子拍照。由此推知，这位骑摩托车的人是善良且耿直的。故选C项。 【27题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“In that unexpected encounter, I absorbed a lesson in the most unlikely of place. We should never judge a man by the first impression.(在那次意外的相遇中，我在最不可能的地方吸取了教训。我们决不能凭第一印象来判断一个人)”可知，在那次意外的遭遇中，我在最不可能的地方得到了一个教训。我们永远不能以第一印象来判断一个人。由此推知，我们可以从这篇文章中学到的是第一印象并不总是可靠的。故选A。 C Emperor penguin colonies experienced breeding (繁殖) failure in a region of Antarctica where there was total sea ice loss in 2022, according to a new research. Researchers discussed the high probability that no chicks had survived from four of the five known emperor penguin colonies in the central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea. The scientists examined satellite images that showed the loss of sea ice at breeding sites, well before chicks would have developed waterproof feathers. Emperor penguins are dependent on stable (稳定的) sea ice that is firmly attached to the shore for the majority of the year, from April through to January. Once they arrive at their chosen breeding site, penguins lay eggs in Antarctic winter from May to June. Eggs hatch after 65 days, but chicks do not develop feathers until summer, between December and January. At the beginning of December 2022, the Antarctic sea ice extent broke the previous all-time low set in 2021. The most extreme loss was seen in the central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea region, west of the Antarctic Peninsula where there was a total loss of sea ice in November 2022. “The loss of sea ice in this region during the Antarctic summer made it very unlikely that displaced chicks would survive. We know that emperor penguins are highly weak in a warming climate—and current scientific evidence suggests that extreme sea ice loss events like this will become more frequent and widespread,” said Dr Peter Fretwell, lead author of the study. Emperor penguin populations have never been subject to large scale (规模) hunting, habitat loss, overfishing or other local anthropogenic (人为的) interactions in the modern era. Climate change is considered the only major factor influencing their long-term population change. Recent efforts to predict emperor penguin population trends from forecasts of sea ice loss have painted a break picture, showing that if present rates of warming continue, most of colonies will disappear by the end of this century. Dr Jeremy Wilkinson, a sea ice physicist, commented, “The result of the research really shocks us that emperor penguins fail to breed, at this scale, in a single season. It is another warning sign for humanity that we cannot continue down this path. The burning of coal, oil and natural gas gives off gases that add to the overheating of the earth. Therefore, we must act to minimize the impact of climate change. There is no time left.” 28. What can we know from the passage? A. Human activities have a direct influence on emperor penguin population. B. The year of 2021 saw the severest sea ice loss in Antarctic on record. C. Emperor penguin chicks usually develop feathers before December. D. Loss of sea ice leads to the failure of emperor penguins breeding. 29. How is the passage mainly developed? A. By listing numbers. B. By telling stories. C. By analyzing facts. D. By giving examples. 30. What does the underlined word “bleak” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Special. B. Hopeless. C. Mysterious. D. Unclear. 31. What does Dr Jeremy Wilkinson most want to indicate in the last paragraph? A. Human beings are to blame for the global warming. B. Emperor penguins face many challenges of survival. C. More research should be done to ensure positive changes. D. Immediate steps must be taken to fight against climate change. 【答案】28. D 29. C 30. B 31. D 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要说明了帝企鹅繁殖失败与气候变化有关的研究。 【28题详解】 细节理解题。根据第一段“Emperor penguin colonies experienced breeding (繁殖) failure in a region of Antarctica where there was total sea ice loss in 2022, according to a new research.(根据一项新的研究，在2022年海冰完全消失的南极洲地区，帝企鹅种群经历了繁殖失败)”可知，海冰的减少导致帝企鹅无法繁殖。故选D。 【29题详解】 推理判断题。根据第一段“Emperor penguin colonies experienced breeding (繁殖) failure in a region of Antarctica where there was total sea ice loss in 2022, according to a new research.(根据一项新的研究，在2022年海冰完全消失的南极洲地区，帝企鹅种群经历了繁殖失败)”；第二段“Researchers discussed the high probability that no chicks had survived from four of the five known emperor penguin colonies in the central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea. The scientists examined satellite images that showed the loss of sea ice at breeding sites, well before chicks would have developed waterproof feathers.(研究人员讨论了在别令斯豪森海中部和东部已知的五个帝企鹅聚居区中，有四个很可能没有幼崽存活下来的可能性。科学家们检查了卫星图像，这些图像显示，在雏鸟长出防水羽毛之前，繁殖地的海冰就已经消失了)”可知，文章首先提出帝企鹅群落繁殖失败的问题，然后分析导致这个问题的原因，即海冰的消失，后面段落接着提到科学家对海冰损失和帝企鹅种群趋势的预测，最后呼吁采取行动对抗气候变化，即文章主要是通过分析事实展开。故选C。 【30题详解】 词句猜测题。根据划线词后文“showing that if present rates of warming continue, most of colonies will disappear by the end of this century(这表明，如果目前的变暖速度继续下去，到本世纪末，大多数帝企鹅群落将消失)”描述了在目前变暖速度下帝企鹅的悲观前景，可得出划线词所在句——最近根据海冰损失的预测来预测帝企鹅种群趋势的努力描绘了一幅没有希望的图景，表明如果目前的变暖速度继续下去，大多数帝企鹅群落将在本世纪末消失。故划线词意思是“没有希望的”。故选B。 【31题详解】 推理判断题。根据最后一段“Dr Jeremy Wilkinson, a sea ice physicist, commented, “The result of the research really shocks us that emperor penguins fail to breed, at this scale, in a single season. It is another warning sign for humanity that we cannot continue down this path. The burning of coal, oil and natural gas gives off gases that add to the overheating of the earth. Therefore, we must act to minimize the impact of climate change. There is no time left.”(海冰物理学家杰里米·威尔金森博士评论说：“研究结果真的让我们震惊，在这样的规模下，帝企鹅不能在一个季节内繁殖。这是对人类的另一个警告信号，我们不能继续沿着这条路走下去。煤、石油和天然气的燃烧释放出的气体加剧了地球的过热。因此，我们必须采取行动，尽量减少气候变化的影响。没有时间了。”)”可知，Jeremy Wilkinson博士在最后一段最想指出的是必须立即采取措施对抗气候变化。故选D。 D In modern society, the pursuit of weight loss has become a widely accepted trend. Many people, especially the younger generation, are eager to get rid of extra pounds to achieve what they consider a more attractive appearance or a healthier body. Proper weight loss can indeed bring certain benefits. Obesity (肥胖) is a growing health concern, which can lead to various health problems such as heart disease and certain types of cancer: Aècording to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths worldwide. Therefore, reducing weight is essential to improve overall health and reduce the risk of these life-threatening diseases. However, the attraction to weight loss has also given rise to some negative results. With public figures speaking about new diets that have helped them become slim in advertisement, more and more people are turning to dieting. Some shops begin to sell diet products such as diet milkshakes, snack bars and even diet pills. Most of these popular diets work by cutting down on a certain nutrient (营养物) from your food intake, such as carbohydrates (碳水化合物), which means the body must use its fat reserves for energy. In fact, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals all play an important role in staying healthy, which is why they all should be included in your meals. If cutting a particular food group out of your diet, you are starving your body of a nutrient that it needs, which could leave you feeling weak, tired or even bad-tempered. You may even experience nutritional deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, and even psychological (心理的) disorders like anorexia nervosa. While weight loss can be a worthy goal if done in a healthy and sustainable way, we should be cautious of the potential dangers. A balanced diet, regular exercise, and a positive attitude towards our body image are the keys to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. We should not sacrifice our well-being for the sake of conforming to a certain beauty standard. Instead, we should focus on overall health and happiness. 32. The author mentions WHO mainly to ______. A. highlight the need to lose weight for the obese people B. predict many people will die of life-threatening diseases C. show young generation’s way of reducing weight is proper D. introduce the risks brought by heart disease and certain cancer 33. As for weight loss, the author thinks ______. A. obesity is a major factor leading to psychological disorders B. cutting down carbohydrates is a good way for most people C. public figures play an important role in advertising diet pills D. a balanced diet is one key to achieving a healthy weight 34. Which would be the best title for this article? A. Weight Loss: Beyond Appearance to True Health B. Weight Loss: From Obesity to Slim C. Weight Loss out of Diet Products D. Weight Loss in a Trendy World 【答案】32. A 33. D 34. A 【解析】 【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了减肥的利与弊，强调健康减肥的重要性，并倡导通过均衡饮食和锻炼实现整体健康。 【32题详解】 推理判断题。根据第二段中“Obesity (肥胖) is a growing health concern, which can lead to various health problems such as heart disease and certain types of cancer: Aècording to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths worldwide.(肥胖是一个日益严重的健康问题，它可能导致多种健康问题，例如心脏病和某些类型的癌症。根据世界卫生组织 (WHO) 的数据，肥胖是全球范围内可预防死亡的主要原因之一)”可知，WHO指出肥胖是全球可预防死亡的主要原因之一，由此得出减肥对改善整体健康、降低疾病风险至关重要，所以作者提及WHO主要是为了强调肥胖人群减肥的必要性。故选A。 【33题详解】 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“A balanced diet, regular exercise, and a positive attitude towards our body image are the keys to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight.(均衡的饮食、规律的锻炼以及对身体形象的积极态度是实现和保持健康体重的关键)”可知，作者认为均衡饮食是实现健康体重的关键之一。故选D。 【34题详解】 主旨大意题。文章开篇提及减肥成为潮流，接着阐述适当减肥有益健康，但盲目减肥会带来如营养缺失、心理障碍等负面结果，最后强调应以健康可持续的方式减肥，注重整体健康和幸福，而非仅为外表。可知文章主要探讨了减肥的意义以及如何以健康的方式实现减肥目标，强调了超越外表追求真正的健康。选项A“Weight Loss: Beyond Appearance to True Health(减肥：超越外貌追求真正的健康)”最能概括文章主旨，是文章的最佳标题。故选A。 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Animals have their own unique ways of communicating, which play an important role in their survival and social interactions. The communication signals are various and have developed over countless generations, finely adjusted to meet their specific needs. ____35____ One common form of animal communication is through vocalizations. Birds are masters of this. For example, the melodious songs of nightingales aren’t just for our enjoyment. Males sing to mark their territory, warning other males to stay away. ____36____ The more powerful the song is, the more likely the female is to mate. ____37____ Wolves use a complex system of body postures. When a wolf holds its tail high and stiff, it shows its power in its group. In contrast, a relaxed, loosely wagging tail indicates a friendly mood. Submissive wolves, on the other hand, will lower their bodies, tuck their tails, and avoid direct eye contact, communicating their non-threatening status. Chemical signals, often in the form of pheromones (信息素), are widely used too. Ants release pheromones along its way to lead fellow ants to food sources. ____38____ Female moths can detect the pheromones of male moths from miles away, enabling them to find each other for mating. Some animals even use visual displays. Peacocks (孔雀) spread their beautiful tails in a dazzling fan. This isn’t just for show; it’s a way to attract peahens during the breeding season. ____39____ The more brilliant the display is the more likely they are to catch a female’s eye and pass on their genes. In conclusion, the animal kingdom’s communication systems are a wonder of nature. Understanding these communication methods gives us a fascinating peek into the animal kingdom’s hidden social lives. A. People recognize the signals suggesting changes. B. It’s like a map guiding them to find the destination. C. A wagging tail can mean friendliness or excitement. D. And another purpose is to catch the attention of a female. E. Body language is also an important way to communicate. F. The bright colors and patterns show good health and genetic quality. G. By understanding these signals, we can appreciate the animal world more easily. 【答案】35. G 36. D 37. E 38. B 39. F 【解析】 【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了动物的交流方式。 【35题详解】 根据上文“The communication signals are various and have developed over countless generations, finely adjusted to meet their specific needs.(交流信号是多种多样的，经过无数代的发展，经过精细调整以满足它们的特定需求)”可知，前文提到动物有独特的交流方式，交流信号多样且经过无数代发展，适应它们的特定需求。G选项By understanding these signals, we can appreciate the animal world more easily.(通过理解这些信号，我们可以更容易地欣赏动物世界)承接上文，说明理解这些信号的意义，符合语境。故选G项。 【36题详解】 根据上文“For example, the melodious songs of nightingales aren’t just for our enjoyment. Males sing to mark their territory, warning other males to stay away.(例如，夜莺的悠扬歌声不仅仅是为了我们的享受。雄鸟用歌声来标记自己的领地，警告其他雄鸟远离)”以及下文“The more powerful the song is, the more likely the female is to mate.(歌声越有力，雌性越有可能交配)”可知，前文说夜莺的歌声不仅仅是为了让我们欣赏，雄性夜莺唱歌是为了标记领地，警告其他雄性远离。后文说歌声越有力，雌性就越有可能与之交配。D选项And another purpose is to catch the attention of a female.(另一个目的是吸引雌性的注意)起到承上启下的作用，说明雄性夜莺唱歌的另一个目的。故选D项。 【37题详解】 根据下文“Wolves use a complex system of body postures. When a wolf holds its tail high and stiff, it shows its power in its group. In contrast, a relaxed, loosely wagging tail indicates a friendly mood. Submissive wolves, on the other hand, will lower their bodies, tuck their tails, and avoid direct eye contact, communicating their non-threatening status.(狼使用复杂的身体姿势系统。当狼把尾巴高高竖起时，它显示了它在群体中的力量。相反，一个放松的，松散地摇尾巴表示友好的心情。另一方面，顺从的狼会降低它们的身体，收起它们的尾巴，避免直接的目光接触，传达它们没有威胁的状态)”可知，后文举例说明狼使用复杂的身体姿势系统来交流，如尾巴高高竖起且僵硬表示在群体中的权力，尾巴放松、轻轻摆动表示友好情绪等。E选项Body language is also an important way to communicate.(肢体语言也是一种重要的交流方式)引出下文关于狼通过肢体语言交流的内容。故选E项。 【38题详解】 根据上文“Ants release pheromones along its way to lead fellow ants to food sources.(蚂蚁在寻找食物的过程中释放信息素)”可知，前文说蚂蚁会沿途释放信息素，引导同伴找到食物来源。B选项It’s like a map guiding them to find the destination.(它就像一张地图，引导它们找到目的地)把信息素比作地图，形象地说明了信息素对蚂蚁找到食物来源的引导作用，符合语境。故选B项。 【39题详解】 根据上文“This isn’t just for show; it’s a way to attract peahens during the breeding season.(这不仅仅是为了展示；这是在繁殖季节吸引雌孔雀的一种方式)”以及下文“The more brilliant the display is, the more likely they are to catch a female’s eye and pass on their genes.(展示得越耀眼，就越有可能吸引到雌性的目光，并将它们的基因传递下去)”可知，前文说孔雀在繁殖季节展开美丽的尾巴，这不仅仅是为了展示，而是一种吸引雌孔雀的方式。后文说展示得越耀眼，就越有可能吸引雌孔雀的注意，并传递它们的基因。F选项 The bright colors and patterns show good health and genetic quality.(鲜艳的颜色和图案显示出良好的健康状况和遗传素质)解释了孔雀尾巴展示的意义，即其鲜艳的颜色和图案所代表的含义，起到承上启下的作用。故选F项。 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Festivals are usually of limited duration, ranging from a few days to several weeks, and are often held on a regular or annual basis. They are typically celebrated by a community, a group of people, or an entire society. People often celebrate them because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. There are a wide variety of festival types around the world, each with its own theme, focus and target audience. For example, music festivals are events that focus on the presentation of live musical performances. These festivals attract large crowds and can include various musical genres such as rock, pop, classical music. Food festivals are events that highlight the cuisine and food of a specific region or culture. These festivals offer people the opportunity to taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes. Cultural festivals are events that celebrate the diversity and traditions of a community or ethnic group. These festivals often include some ceremonies and activities that reflect the cultural identity of the region. Festivals are of significance in society and offer a range of benefits. Firstly, festivals provide a platform for artists and creators to exhibit and share their work with the public. This encourages creativity, exchange of ideas and appreciation of different forms of artistic expression. Besides, festivals are cultural shows that help to promote and preserve the traditions. People will promote their community unity and sense of belonging by bringing the people with the same tradition together. Festivals also attract visitors from different places, which contributes to the development of local tourism and the economy of the area. Of course, festivals offer a unique experience of fun and entertainment for attendees, who will have a lasting memory. Remember that festivals allows us to connect with our passions, discover new forms of expression and enjoy the company of friends and loved ones. So, next time you find yourself in the opportunity to attend a festival, don’t hesitate and immerse yourself in this unique experience full of joy and celebration! 40 Why do people often celebrate festivals? ________________________________________________________________ 41. What can people usually do in food festivals? ________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promoted by attracting visitors from different places. ________________________________________________________________ 43. What can you do to help pass down Spring Festival traditions? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________ 【答案】40. People often celebrate festivals because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. 41. People can usually taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes in food festivals. 42. Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promoted by attracting visitors from different places. Because it is bringing people with the same tradition together that promotes community unity and a sense of belonging. 43. To help pass down Spring Festival traditions, I can organize family gatherings, watch Spring Festival Gala, make dumplings and other traditional foods, and tell stories about the festival to children. 【解析】 【导语】本文为说明文。文章主要介绍节日是世界各地以各种主题和目的庆祝的重要文化活动。它们为社会带来了许多好处。 【40题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第一段中“People often celebrate them because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. (人们经常因为根深蒂固的文化或历史意义而庆祝它们。)”可知，人们庆祝节日通常是因为它们具有深远的文化或历史意义。故答案是：People often celebrate festivals because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. 【41题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Food festivals are events that highlight the cuisine and food of a specific region or culture. These festivals offer people the opportunity to taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes.(美食节是突出特定地区或文化美食和食物的活动。这些节日为人们提供了品尝各种传统菜肴、会见著名厨师和参加烹饪课的机会。)”可知，在美食节上，人们通常可以品尝各种传统美食，遇见著名的厨师，并参加烹饪课程。故答案是：People can usually taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes in food festivals. 【42题详解】 考查细节理解。根据第三段中“People will promote their community unity and sense of belonging by bringing the people with the same tradition together.( 人们将通过将具有相同传统的人聚集在一起来促进社区团结和归属感。)”可知，这句话中错误的部分是“通过吸引来自不同地方的游客”。原因是促进社区团结和归属感的是将具有相同传统的人聚集在一起。故答案是：Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promoted by attracting visitors from different places. Because it is bringing people with the same tradition together that promotes community unity and a sense of belonging. 【43题详解】 考查主观评价。根据文章大意以及题干的问题可知，例如：为了传承春节传统，我可以组织家庭聚会，观看春晚，包饺子和其他传统食品，并向孩子们讲述关于春节的故事。故答案是：To help pass down Spring Festival traditions, I can organize family gatherings, watch Spring Festival Gala, make dumplings and other traditional foods, and tell stories about the festival to children. 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他近期要来中国体验美食，希望你提供一些建议。请用英文给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1．美食的名称； 2．对该美食的描述； 3．对该美食的评价。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 【答案】Dear Jim, I’m thrilled to hear about your upcoming trip to China to explore our culinary delights! I’d be delighted to share with you a must-try dish that represents the essence of Chinese food culture — Kung Pao Chicken. Kung Pao Chicken, also known as Gong Bao Ji Ding in Mandarin, is a Sichuan-style dish renowned for its spicy and numbing flavor. This dish is not only a treat for the taste buds but also a visual delight with its vibrant red and green hues. It perfectly balances spicy, sour, sweet, and savory flavors, making it a favorite among both locals and tourists. I highly recommend trying it; you won’t be disappointed! Yours, Li Hua 【解析】 【导语】本篇书面表达属于应用文。要求考生以高一学生李华的身份，回复英国好友Jim的邮件，针对他来中国体验美食的需求，推荐一种中国美食并进行描述和评价。 【详解】1.词汇积累 激动：thrilled→excited 旅行：trip→journey 高兴：delighted→glad 本质：essence→nature 2.句式拓展 简单句变复合句 原句：It perfectly balances spicy, sour, sweet, and savory flavors, making it a favorite among both locals and tourists. 拓展句：It perfectly balances spicy, sour, sweet, and savory flavors, which makes it a favorite among both locals and tourists. 【点睛】[高分句型1] I’d be delighted to share with you a must-try dish that represents the essence of Chinese food culture — Kung Pao Chicken. (运用了that引导定语从句) [高分句型2] It perfectly balances spicy, sour, sweet, and savory flavors, making it a favorite among both locals and tourists. (运用了现在分词短语作状语) 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 房山区2024-2025学年度第一学期学业水平调研(二) 高一英语 本试卷共10页，满分100分，考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 知识运用(共两节，30分) 第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 Chris has a lovely daughter, Andy, who is studying in a middle school. When helping his daughter get through school and life, Chris is gradually aware of the great power of ___1___. In August 2017, Chris noticed something unusual — Andy was unwilling to talk to them and anxious about going to school. Later, Chris learned that she had ___2___ in making friends. Chris came to Andy’s rescue by writing her an ___3___ lunch note that read, “Be nice to others. Not everyone will look like you. Learn to spot the unique and special things in other people. You have the power to change someone’s life!” The father hoped this small note could ___4___ Andy’s day. Chris wasn’t sure if Andy was reading the note, but he ___5___ put notes in her lunch bag during the following days. As they were chatting at home one day, the young girl ___6___ him with a family picture she had drawn. That was when he knew the messages worked. Chris said the notes had ___7___ his relationship with Andy. Their daughter is now more willing to chat with them about what’s going on in her school. He hoped these messages could help ___8___ her character and morals, which was more important than any grade she got. To his delight, Andy has grown into a strong, outgoing teenager. Chris shows how a simple act of writing notes can ___9___ a child’s life. Chris has written over 690 notes to Andy, and in 2018, he published a book on them named “Lucky Enough”. He understands that a book of notes from a dad to his daughter won’t sell a lot. But if it helps even just one single parent ______10______ with their child, he knows it has done its job. 1. A. pictures B. words C. stories D. books 2. A. ambition B. impatience C. difficulty D. advantage 3. A. inspiring B. embarrassing C. exciting D. annoying 4. A. determine B. record C. update D. brighten 5. A. continuously B. obviously C. originally D. conveniently 6. A. encouraged B. comforted C. surprised D. disappointed 7. A. maintained B. reminded C. destroyed D. strengthened 8 A. reflect B. shape C. recognize D. judge 9. A. affect B. enrich C. capture D. approach 10. A. settle B. connect C. play D. discuss 第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分) 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。 A 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Growing up with a British father and a Chinese mother, I’ve enjoyed food from both countries. My mom has sweet ____11____ (memory) of the food in Sichuan, and often cooks spicy dishes. Thanks to this, Dad has come to love hot pot! ____12____ there are still some dishes that Dad dare not try. My dad once told me he was shocked by what he saw on the table when he first visited my mom’s parents in China. To me, there’s nothing ____13____ (good) than a cross-cultural afternoon tea. B 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 Every autumn, millions of the North American monarch butterflies manage to travel around 4,000 kilometres south and find their way to places ____14____ they will spend the winter. So far, scientists ____15____ (discover) that the monarch is able to tell the time of the day and then uses its eyes ____16____ (measure) the position of the sun. These two pieces of information allow the butterfly to determine the way to go. C 阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。 The Longji Rice Terraces ____17____ (build) by the local Zhuang and Yao people many years ago so that they could have more areas to grow rice. And the terraces are ____18____ (clever) designed to catch rainwater and hold the shallow soil. They also provide a perfect environment for birds and fish, some of ____19____ feed on insects that can harm crops. Today, thousands of visitors are attracted to this great wonder that proves people can work in harmony ____20____ nature. 第二部分 阅读理解(共两节，38分) 第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分) 阅读下列短文，从每题所给的 A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 A Would you consider looking for a meaningful way to spend your vacation? Then look no further. Going into 2025, we want to offer our best. We have chosen a list of best volunteer trips to kick off the new year! Zimbabwe — Volunteer at the African Wildlife Reserve A lot of documentaries (纪录片) have introduced the features of African Wildlife Reserve. Volunteers work closely with a wide range of animals, tortoises, monkeys, leopards, and so many more. Are you interested? Come and help to look after the brilliant wildlife! You will also learn how to collect data and conduct research. Sri Lanka — Women’s English Literacy and Empowerment Program Make the most out of your travels by helping women improve their English skills. You are helping these women create more job opportunities and career choices. This program is on the southwest coast of Sri Lanka. The volunteers have access to wonderful beaches and get to explore the charming city. Belize—Private Island Marine (海洋的) Experience For the marine protection vacation, look no further! Protect the Belize Barrier Reef from the home-base of a private island. Volunteer tasks include removing invasive (入侵的) species and contributing to a whale shark database. Indonesia — Education Enrichment in Bali Become a volunteer in one of Indonesia’s most famous and picturesque islands, Bali. Help us provide free educational enrichment to children from local communities. After public school finishes, volunteers help the students complete their homework or work on improving their English. 21. In the African Wildlife Reserve program, volunteers will ______. A. take care of the wildlife B. go on adventures in Africa C. produce documentaries on animals D. find out the features of the program 22. What is the aim of the program in Belize? A. To develop a private island. B. To build a whale shark database. C. To protect the Belize Barrier Reef. D. To introduce some invasive species. 23 What do the volunteers in Sri Lanka and Indonesia have in common? A. They come from local communities. B. They can help with English. C. They provide job opportunities. D. They prefer teaching children. B Five years ago a truly unforgettable event took place. My wife and I were celebrating our 40th wedding anniversary that year. To our delight, it was a splendid event, lovingly hosted by our sons just for us. Our dear, old friends gave us a wonderful surprise with their thoughtful gifts and heartfelt congratulations. Our gift to each other was a driving trip out west. After repairing our car, we drove from Ontario into Alberta, then southward into Glacier National Park in Montana, and continued to Yellowstone National Park. It was a cold spring day, and the Beartooth Highway had opened for the season just days before. Alongside the road, there was still a great amount of snow there: The scenery was so impressive that we made lots of stops to record with my camera. At the highest point of the highway, I stopped at a lookout to catch the amazing views, with my wife in the centre of my camera lens. There were not many cars on the road. Sometimes, cars with energetic young tourists passed by. And then we heard a motorcycle in the distance. The driver of the motorcycle, who wore dirty clothes, parked behind our cars. Approaching us, he spoke only a simple command (命令), “Give me your camera and get over there with your wife.” I must admit I felt nervous that he might take our things away where we just had some wonderful experiences. Surprisingly, he just took a picture of us, handed back my camera and rode off before we could offer our thanks. Unexpectedly, the photo he took is now one of the most valuable and prized of our trip. In that unexpected encounter, I absorbed a lesson in the most unlikely of place. We should never judge a man by the first impression. To the motorcyclist who may one day read this story and remember us: we wish to extend our deepest appreciation and a heartfelt “Thank you” for the kindness you showed us that day. 24. Why did the couple frequently stop on their trip? A. To clear the heavy snow on Beartooth Highway. B. To take pictures of the beautiful views. C. To make repairs on their car. D. To chat with young tourists. 25. The author’s nervousness was caused by ______. A. the fewer cars on the road B. the noise of the motorcycle C. the stranger’s amazing photo D. the motorcyclist’s unexpected command 26. Which of the following can best describe the driver of the motorcycle? A. Rich and generous. B. Creative and capable. C. Kind and straightforward. D. Careful and admirable. 27. What can we learn from the passage? A. First impression cannot always be trusted. B. Appreciate something before it’s gone. C. Patience is a cure of nervousness. D. Actions speak louder than words. C Emperor penguin colonies experienced breeding (繁殖) failure in a region of Antarctica where there was total sea ice loss in 2022, according to a new research. Researchers discussed the high probability that no chicks had survived from four of the five known emperor penguin colonies in the central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea. The scientists examined satellite images that showed the loss of sea ice at breeding sites, well before chicks would have developed waterproof feathers. Emperor penguins are dependent on stable (稳定的) sea ice that is firmly attached to the shore for the majority of the year, from April through to January. Once they arrive at their chosen breeding site, penguins lay eggs in Antarctic winter from May to June. Eggs hatch after 65 days, but chicks do not develop feathers until summer, between December and January. At the beginning of December 2022, the Antarctic sea ice extent broke the previous all-time low set in 2021. The most extreme loss was seen in the central and eastern Bellingshausen Sea region, west of the Antarctic Peninsula where there was a total loss of sea ice in November 2022. “The loss of sea ice in this region during the Antarctic summer made it very unlikely that displaced chicks would survive. We know that emperor penguins are highly weak in a warming climate—and current scientific evidence suggests that extreme sea ice loss events like this will become more frequent and widespread,” said Dr Peter Fretwell, lead author of the study. Emperor penguin populations have never been subject to large scale (规模) hunting, habitat loss, overfishing or other local anthropogenic (人为的) interactions in the modern era. Climate change is considered the only major factor influencing their long-term population change. Recent efforts to predict emperor penguin population trends from forecasts of sea ice loss have painted a break picture, showing that if present rates of warming continue, most of colonies will disappear by the end of this century. Dr Jeremy Wilkinson, a sea ice physicist, commented, “The result of the research really shocks us that emperor penguins fail to breed, at this scale, in a single season. It is another warning sign for humanity that we cannot continue down this path. The burning of coal, oil and natural gas gives off gases that add to the overheating of the earth. Therefore, we must act to minimize the impact of climate change. There is no time left.” 28. What can we know from the passage? A. Human activities have a direct influence on emperor penguin population. B. The year of 2021 saw the severest sea ice loss in Antarctic on record. C. Emperor penguin chicks usually develop feathers before December. D. Loss of sea ice leads to the failure of emperor penguins breeding. 29. How is the passage mainly developed? A. By listing numbers. B. By telling stories. C. By analyzing facts. D. By giving examples. 30. What does the underlined word “bleak” in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Special. B. Hopeless. C. Mysterious. D. Unclear. 31. What does Dr Jeremy Wilkinson most want to indicate in the last paragraph? A. Human beings are to blame for the global warming. B. Emperor penguins face many challenges of survival. C. More research should be done to ensure positive changes. D. Immediate steps must be taken to fight against climate change. D In modern society, the pursuit of weight loss has become a widely accepted trend. Many people, especially the younger generation, are eager to get rid of extra pounds to achieve what they consider a more attractive appearance or a healthier body. Proper weight loss can indeed bring certain benefits. Obesity (肥胖) is a growing health concern, which can lead to various health problems such as heart disease and certain types of cancer: Aècording to the World Health Organization (WHO), obesity is one of the leading causes of preventable deaths worldwide. Therefore, reducing weight is essential to improve overall health and reduce the risk of these life-threatening diseases. However, the attraction to weight loss has also given rise to some negative results. With public figures speaking about new diets that have helped them become slim in advertisement, more and more people are turning to dieting. Some shops begin to sell diet products such as diet milkshakes, snack bars and even diet pills. Most of these popular diets work by cutting down on a certain nutrient (营养物) from your food intake, such as carbohydrates (碳水化合物), which means the body must use its fat reserves for energy. In fact, proteins, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals all play an important role in staying healthy, which is why they all should be included in your meals. If cutting a particular food group out of your diet, you are starving your body of a nutrient that it needs, which could leave you feeling weak, tired or even bad-tempered. You may even experience nutritional deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, and even psychological (心理的) disorders like anorexia nervosa. While weight loss can be a worthy goal if done in a healthy and sustainable way, we should be cautious of the potential dangers. A balanced diet, regular exercise, and a positive attitude towards our body image are the keys to achieving and maintaining a healthy weight. We should not sacrifice our well-being for the sake of conforming to a certain beauty standard. Instead, we should focus on overall health and happiness. 32. The author mentions WHO mainly to ______. A. highlight the need to lose weight for the obese people B. predict many people will die of life-threatening diseases C. show young generation’s way of reducing weight is proper D. introduce the risks brought by heart disease and certain cancer 33. As for weight loss, the author thinks ______. A. obesity is a major factor leading to psychological disorders B. cutting down carbohydrates is a good way for most people C. public figures play an important role in advertising diet pills D. a balanced diet is one key to achieving a healthy weight 34. Which would be the best title for this article? A. Weight Loss: Beyond Appearance to True Health B. Weight Loss: From Obesity to Slim C Weight Loss out of Diet Products D. Weight Loss in a Trendy World 第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，共10分) 根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Animals have their own unique ways of communicating, which play an important role in their survival and social interactions. The communication signals are various and have developed over countless generations, finely adjusted to meet their specific needs. ____35____ One common form of animal communication is through vocalizations. Birds are masters of this. For example, the melodious songs of nightingales aren’t just for our enjoyment. Males sing to mark their territory, warning other males to stay away. ____36____ The more powerful the song is, the more likely the female is to mate. ____37____ Wolves use a complex system of body postures. When a wolf holds its tail high and stiff, it shows its power in its group. In contrast, a relaxed, loosely wagging tail indicates a friendly mood. Submissive wolves, on the other hand, will lower their bodies, tuck their tails, and avoid direct eye contact, communicating their non-threatening status. Chemical signals, often in the form of pheromones (信息素), are widely used too. Ants release pheromones along its way to lead fellow ants to food sources. ____38____ Female moths can detect the pheromones of male moths from miles away, enabling them to find each other for mating. Some animals even use visual displays. Peacocks (孔雀) spread their beautiful tails in a dazzling fan. This isn’t just for show; it’s a way to attract peahens during the breeding season. ____39____ The more brilliant the display is, the more likely they are to catch a female’s eye and pass on their genes. In conclusion, the animal kingdom’s communication systems are a wonder of nature. Understanding these communication methods gives us a fascinating peek into the animal kingdom’s hidden social lives. A. People recognize the signals suggesting changes. B. It’s like a map guiding them to find the destination. C. A wagging tail can mean friendliness or excitement. D. And another purpose is to catch the attention of a female. E. Body language is also an important way to communicate. F. The bright colors and patterns show good health and genetic quality. G. By understanding these signals, we can appreciate the animal world more easily. 第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分) 第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分) 阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。 Festivals are usually of limited duration, ranging from a few days to several weeks, and are often held on a regular or annual basis. They are typically celebrated by a community, a group of people, or an entire society. People often celebrate them because of deep-rooted cultural or historical meanings. There are a wide variety of festival types around the world, each with its own theme, focus and target audience. For example, music festivals are events that focus on the presentation of live musical performances. These festivals attract large crowds and can include various musical genres such as rock, pop, classical music. Food festivals are events that highlight the cuisine and food of a specific region or culture. These festivals offer people the opportunity to taste a variety of traditional dishes, meet famous chefs and participate in cooking classes. Cultural festivals are events that celebrate the diversity and traditions of a community or ethnic group. These festivals often include some ceremonies and activities that reflect the cultural identity of the region. Festivals are of significance in society and offer a range of benefits. Firstly, festivals provide a platform for artists and creators to exhibit and share their work with the public. This encourages creativity, exchange of ideas and appreciation of different forms of artistic expression. Besides, festivals are cultural shows that help to promote and preserve the traditions. People will promote their community unity and sense of belonging by bringing the people with the same tradition together. Festivals also attract visitors from different places, which contributes to the development of local tourism and the economy of the area. Of course, festivals offer a unique experience of fun and entertainment for attendees, who will have a lasting memory. Remember that festivals allows us to connect with our passions, discover new forms of expression and enjoy the company of friends and loved ones. So, next time you find yourself in the opportunity to attend a festival, don’t hesitate and immerse yourself in this unique experience full of joy and celebration! 40. Why do people often celebrate festivals? ________________________________________________________________ 41. What can people usually do in food festivals? ________________________________________________________________ 42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why. Community unity and a sense of belonging can be promoted by attracting visitors from different places. ________________________________________________________________ 43. What can you do to help pass down Spring Festival traditions? (In about 40 words) ________________________________________________________________ 第二节(20分) 44. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的英国好友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他近期要来中国体验美食，希望你提供一些建议。请用英文给他回复邮件，内容包括： 1．美食的名称； 2．对该美食的描述； 3．对该美食的评价。 注意：1．词数100左右； 2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数 Dear Jim, ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Yours, Li Hua 第1页/共1页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$