Unit 1 一般过去时 语法梳理 2024-2025学年外研版英语七年级下册

Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 一般过去时 一、用法： （1）表示过去某个时间里发生的动作，一般不强调动作的影响，只说明发生的事情； My family watched a movie in the cinema last weekend. 我们全家人上周末在电影院看了电影。. （2）表示过去某个时间里存在的情况或状态； There was a small pound in the school before. 之前学校这里有个小池塘。 （3）表示过去习惯性、经常性或反复发生的动作或状态，常与always，often等连用。 When he was young, he usually went to school by bike. 当他小的时候，他经常骑车去上学。 随即练：下列句子分别对应了上述的哪种用法 1) Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. 2) Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 3) The weather was hot and sunny all day yesterday. 4) When I was a child, I always played football with my friends after school. 5) She cooked dinner last night. 二、句子结构： （1）主语 + be动词过去式 + 其他 There was a small pound in the school before. be动词过去式 原形 am is are 过去式 was was were （2）主语 + 一般动词过去式 + 其他 My family watched a movie in the cinema last weekend. 变化规则 原形 过去式 一般动词结尾加-ed walk, listen, look, finish walked, listened, looked, finished 以“不发音的字母e”结尾的动词后加-d live, notice, decide lived, noticed, decided 以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的动词，y变为i，再加-ed hurry, marry hurried, married 以“一个元音字母 + 一个辅音字母”结尾的重读闭音节动词，先双写辅音字母，再加-ed stop, step stopped, stepped 特殊情况，不规则变化 do, have, eat, go, see did, had, ate, went, saw 随即练：写出下列动词的过去式 1) enjoy _______________ 2) carry _______________ 3) phone _______________ 4) eat _______________ 5) build _______________ 6) fly _______________ 7) is _______________ 8) hug _______________ 9) stand _______________ 10) believe _______________ 11) try _______________ 12) play _______________ 三、句型变化： （1）be动词 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 回答 I was born in Beijing. I was not (wasn’t) born in Beijing. Was I born in Beijing? Yes, I was. No, I wasn’t. You were busy last week. You were not (weren’t) busy last week. Were you busy last week? Yes, you were. No, you weren’t. He / She was born in 2008. He / She was not (wasn’t) born in 2008. Was he / she born in 2008? Yes, he / she was. No, he / she wasn't. It was a small village then. It was not (wasn’t) a small village then. Was it a small village then? Yes, it was. No, it wasn’t. We were good friends in primary school. We were not (weren’t) good friends in primary school. Were we good friends in primary school? Yes, we were. No, we weren’t. They were in the country in 1990. They were not (weren’t) in the country in 1990 Were they in the country in 1990? Yes, they were. No, they weren’t. （2）一般动词 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 回答 I started school at three. I did not (didn’t) start school at three. Did I start school at three? Yes, I did. No, I didn’t. You took a walk this morning. You did not (didn’t) take a walk this morning. Did you take a walk this morning? Yes, you did. No, you didn’t. He / She went to the library yesterday. He / She did not (didn’t) go to the library yesterday. Did he / she go to the library yesterday? Yes, he / she did. No, he / she didn’t. It rained heavily. It did not (didn’t) rain heavily. Did it rain heavily? Yes, it did. No, it didn’t. We liked the food in that restaurant. We didn’t like the food in that restaurant. Did we like the food in that restaurant? Yes, we did. No, we didn’t. They played basketball after school. They did not (didn’t) play basketball after school. Did they play basketball after school? Yes, they did. No, they didn’t. 【拓展】 ①当句中含有情态动词could，would，should等时： 否定句：可直接在其后面加not； He could get Mary a concert ticket. → He could not (couldn’t) get Mary a concert ticket. 一般疑问句：把情态动词提前。 He could get Mary a concert ticket. → Could he get Mary a concert ticket? Yes, he could. / No, he couldn’t. ②陈述句变为特殊疑问句时： 确定疑问词：人who，物what，地点where，时间when，原因why，频率how often，长度how long等； 辨认结构形式：疑问词 + 情态动词 / 助动词 / was / were / did + 主语 + ... ? They gave the concert last night. → When did they give the concert?　 The accident happened near the station. → Where did the accident happen? 随即练：句型转换 1) They were born in the same year.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 2) Baby Bear noticed the little girl in his bed.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 3) Did he listen to the news in the morning?（改为肯定句） ____________________________________________________________ 4) I telephoned my parents yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 5) He could pack his things himself.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 四、时间状语： （1）yesterday“昨天”系列：yesterday, the day before yesterday, yesterday morning Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. 史密斯先生昨天买了一辆新车。 I telephoned my parents yesterday morning. 我昨天早上给我父母打了电话。 （2）last“上一个”系列：last night, last week She cooked dinner last night. 她昨天晚上煮了晚饭。 My family had a picnic in the park last weekend. 我们全家人上周末在公园野炊。 （3）ago“之前”系列：two days ago, three years ago I live in Beijing now, but I lived in Shanghai three years ago. 我现在住在北京，但是三年前我住在上海。 He visited his aunt two days ago. 他前两天去看望他的姑姑了。 （4）in + 过去时间：in 2001, in the nineteenth century I was born in a small village in 2015. 我出生在2015年的一个小村庄。 England became an industrial country in the nineteenth century. 英国在十九世纪成了一个工业国家。 （5）短语：just now“刚才”，in the past“在过去” I saw him walking down the street just now. 我刚才看见他正在街上走。 In the past, there was a river. 过去这儿有一条河。 【注意】有些句子没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 I didn’t know you were in Paris. 我不知道你在巴黎。 I thought you were ill. 我以为你病了。 随即练：找出一般过去时的时间状语 1) now 2) in the eighteenth century 3) in the future 4) in 1995 5) yesterday evening 6) often 7) last night 8) at the moment 9) just now 10) five years ago 11) in the past 12) in 2050 课堂练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. He _______________(play) football with his friends last Sunday.‌ 2. They _______________(not notice) the sign just now. 3. When I was young, my primary school teacher _______________(be) very strict. 4. ‌I _______________(study)‌ for my exam right now. 5. _______________ you _______________(watch) TV yesterday evening? 6. He always _______________(remember) to call his mother on Sundays. 7. She likes _______________ newspapers, but she _______________ a book yesterday. (read) 8. Listen! She _______________(sing) an English song. 9. I _______________(call) my friend on the phone yesterday.‌ 10. I usually _______________(go) to the gym three times a week. 11. Jim’s mother _______________(plant) some trees in the garden just now. 12. She _______________(buy) a new car next year. 13. Ken _______________(leave) his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back. 14. He often _______________(go) to school by bike, but today he _______________(walk) to school. 15. They _______________(move) to a new house next year. 二、句型转换 1. He worked in that bank four years ago.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 2. Gao Shan put a book on the shelf a moment ago.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 3. The earth moves around the sun.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 4. We will pick apples on the farm next week.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 5. My brother cried last night because he fell off the chair.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 6. My mother is a worker now.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 7. He is telling a story to his daughter at the moment.（把at the moment改为yesterday evening） ____________________________________________________________ 8. She painted the wall last month.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 9. My mother did housework yesterday.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 10. They are making model planes these days.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 课堂练习 参考答案 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. He played football with his friends last Sunday.‌ 2. They didin’t notice the sign just now. 3. When I was young, my primary school teacher was very strict. 4. ‌I studied‌ for my exam right now. 5. Did you watch TV yesterday evening? 6. He always remembers to call his mother on Sundays. 7. She likes reading newspapers, but she read a book yesterday. 8. Listen! She is singing an English song. 9. I called my friend on the phone yesterday.‌ 10. I usually go to the gym three times a week. 11. Jim’s mother planted some trees in the garden just now. 12. She bought a new car next year. 13. Ken left his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back. 14. He often goes to school by bike, but today he walked to school. 15. They will move to a new house next year. 二、句型转换 1. He worked in that bank four years ago.（对划线部分提问） When did he work in that bank? 2. Gao Shan put a book on the shelf a moment ago.（改为否定句） Gao Shan didn’t put a book on the shelf a moment ago. 3. The earth moves around the sun.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） Does the earth move around the sun? Yes, it does. 4. We will pick apples on the farm next week.（对划线部分提问） What will you pick on the farm next week? 5. My brother cried last night because he fell off the chair.（对划线部分提问） Why did your brother cry last night? 6. My mother is a worker now.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） Is your mother a worker now? No, she isn’t. 7. He is telling a story to his daughter at the moment.（把at the moment改为yesterday evening） He told a story to his daughter yesterday evening. 8. She painted the wall last month.（改为否定句） She didn’t paint the wall last month. 9. My mother did housework yesterday.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） Did your mother do housework yesterday? No, she didn’t. 10. They are making model planes these days.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） Are they making model planes these days? Yes, they are. 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 The secrets of happiness 一般过去时 一、用法： （1）表示过去某个时间里发生的_______________，一般不强调动作的影响，只说明发生的事情； My family watched a movie in the cinema last weekend. . （2）表示过去某个时间里存在的______________________________； There was a small pound in the school before. （3）表示过去______________________________的动作或状态，常与______________________________等连用。 When he was young, he usually went to school by bike. 随即练：下列句子分别对应了上述的哪种用法 1) Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. 2) Mrs. Peter always carried an umbrella. 3) The weather was hot and sunny all day yesterday. 4) When I was a child, I always played football with my friends after school. 5) She cooked dinner last night. 二、句子结构： （1）主语 + ______________________________ + 其他 There was a small pound in the school before. be动词过去式 原形 am is are 过去式 （2）主语 + ______________________________ + 其他 My family watched a movie in the cinema last weekend. 变化规则 原形 过去式 walk, listen, look, finish walked, listened, looked, finished live, notice, decide lived, noticed, decided hurry, marry hurried, married stop, step stopped, stepped do, have, eat, go, see did, had, ate, went, saw 随即练：写出下列动词的过去式 1) enjoy _______________ 2) carry _______________ 3) phone _______________ 4) eat _______________ 5) build _______________ 6) fly _______________ 7) is _______________ 8) hug _______________ 9) stand _______________ 10) believe _______________ 11) try _______________ 12) play _______________ 三、句型变化： （1）be动词 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 回答 I was born in Beijing. You were busy last week. He / She was born in 2008. It was a small village then. We were good friends in primary school. They were in the country in 1990. （2）一般动词 肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 回答 I started school at three. You took a walk this morning. He / She went to the library yesterday. It rained heavily. We liked the food in that restaurant. They played basketball after school. 【拓展】 ①当句中含有情态动词could，would，should等时： 否定句：可直接在其后面加_______________； He could get Mary a concert ticket. → ____________________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：把情态动词_______________。 He could get Mary a concert ticket. → ____________________________________________________________ ②陈述句变为特殊疑问句时： 确定疑问词：人who，物what，地点where，时间when，原因why，频率how often，长度how long等； 辨认结构形式：_______________ + ______________________________ + 主语 + ... ? They gave the concert last night. → ____________________________________________________________　 The accident happened near the station. → ____________________________________________________________ 随即练：句型转换 1) They were born in the same year.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 2) Baby Bear noticed the little girl in his bed.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 3) Did he listen to the news in the morning?（改为肯定句） ____________________________________________________________ 4) I telephoned my parents yesterday.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 5) He could pack his things himself.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 四、时间状语： （1）______________________________系列：_____________________________________________ Mr. Smith bought a new car yesterday. I telephoned my parents yesterday morning. （2）______________________________系列：_____________________________________________ She cooked dinner last night. My family had a picnic in the park last weekend. （3）______________________________系列：_____________________________________________ I live in Beijing now, but I lived in Shanghai three years ago. He visited his aunt two days ago. （4）______________________________：_____________________________________________ I was born in a small village in 2015. England became an industrial country in the nineteenth century. （5）短语：_____________________________________________ I saw him walking down the street just now. In the past, there was a river. 【注意】有些句子没有表示过去确定时间的状语，但实际上是指过去发生的动作或存在的状态的话，也要用过去时。 I didn’t know you were in Paris. I thought you were ill. 随即练：找出一般过去时的时间状语 1) now 2) in the eighteenth century 3) in the future 4) in 1995 5) yesterday evening 6) often 7) last night 8) at the moment 9) just now 10) five years ago 11) in the past 12) in 2050 课堂练习 一、用所给词的适当形式填空 1. He _______________(play) football with his friends last Sunday.‌ 2. They _______________(not notice) the sign just now. 3. When I was young, my primary school teacher _______________(be) very strict. 4. ‌I _______________(study)‌ for my exam right now. 5. _______________ you _______________(watch) TV yesterday evening? 6. He always _______________(remember) to call his mother on Sundays. 7. She likes _______________ newspapers, but she _______________ a book yesterday. (read) 8. Listen! She _______________(sing) an English song. 9. I _______________(call) my friend on the phone yesterday.‌ 10. I usually _______________(go) to the gym three times a week. 11. Jim’s mother _______________(plant) some trees in the garden just now. 12. She _______________(buy) a new car next year. 13. Ken _______________(leave) his jacket in the gym. He has to get it back. 14. He often _______________(go) to school by bike, but today he _______________(walk) to school. 15. They _______________(move) to a new house next year. 二、句型转换 1. He worked in that bank four years ago.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 2. Gao Shan put a book on the shelf a moment ago.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 3. The earth moves around the sun.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 4. We will pick apples on the farm next week.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 5. My brother cried last night because he fell off the chair.（对划线部分提问） ____________________________________________________________ 6. My mother is a worker now.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 7. He is telling a story to his daughter at the moment.（把at the moment改为yesterday evening） ____________________________________________________________ 8. She painted the wall last month.（改为否定句） ____________________________________________________________ 9. My mother did housework yesterday.（改为一般疑问句，并做否定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 10. They are making model planes these days.（改为一般疑问句，并做肯定回答） ____________________________________________________________ 1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$