Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected Section A (Grammar Focus-4c)课件2024-2025学年人教版九年级英语全册

Unit 12 Life is full of the unexpected. R·九年级全一册 Grammar Focus-4c Learning objectives 1. Learn some new words and expressions: cream workday bean market show up 2. Grasp the usage of Past Perfect Tense and narrate past events with when, before, as, by the time… 3. Can judge what is true or false in daily life. By the end of the class, you will be able to … Use the correct form of the word to fill in the blanks. When I got to school, I realized that I _______(leave) My backpack at home. had left By the time I got back to school, the bell_________(ring). had rung Before I got to the bus stop, the bus _____already____ (leave). had left In these sentences, we use Past Perfect Tense. Lead-in As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I _________(hear)a loud sound. I was about to go up to my office when I __________ (decide)to get a coffee first. decided heard Here we should use Simple Past Tense. Grammar Focus When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. Read the sentences below, and circle the conjunctions of clauses and underline the tense. 5 When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. What is special about them? They all have Adverbial Clause of Time. (时间状语从句) Try to observe When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. How to group these sentences? Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时 Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时 Simple Past Tense 一般过去时 Simple Past Tense 一般过去时 VS Let’s find Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时 Simple Past Tense 一般过去时 VS When I got to school, I realized that I had left my backpack at home. By the time I got back to school, the bell had rung. Before I got to the bus stop, the bus had already left. I was about to go up to my office when I decided to get a coffee first. As I was waiting in line with the other office workers, I heard a loud sound. 从句是一般过去时，主句动作发生在从句之前，主句为过去完成时。 两个动作同时进行，主从句都是一般过去时或过去进行时。 Let’s find 过去完成时 定义 构成 用法 判断依据 Past Perfect Tense 过去完成时 1. 表示在过去某个时间或某个动作之前已经发生或完成了的动作。它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”。 例如：When he got there, the bus had left. 当他到达那里时，汽车已经离开了。 【图解】 将来 现在 过去 过去的过去 表示过去某一时间可用by, before等构成的短语； 也可以用when, before等引导的时间状语从句表示； 还可以通过状语从句或通过上下文语境暗示。 Definition/Use Past Perfect Tense过去完成时 2.表示某一动作或状态在过去某时之前已经开始，一直延续到这一过去的时间。常用于表延续的时间状语： by the end of+过去的时间点，by the time +从句等。 例如：By the end of last year, she had worked in the factory for twenty years. 到去年年底，她已经在这家工厂工作20年了。 【图解】 将来 现在 过去 过去的过去 Definition/Use 3. 可用在told, said, knew, heard, thought等后面的宾语从句中。 例：约翰说它拥有这辆自行车五年了。 John said he had had the bike for five years. Definition/Use 根据句意，写出括号内所给单词的适当形式。 You told me you had ______(deal) with these letters. Why are they still here? 【无锡中考】 dealt Past Perfect Tense过去完成时 4. 在含有时间、原因、方式等状语从句的复合句中，主、从句的动作都发生在过去，且有明显的先后关系，动作先发生的要用过去完成时，动作后发生的要用一般过去时。 例：迈克不想再吃鸡肉了，因为他已经吃够了。 Mike wanted no more chicken because he had had enough. Definition/Use Past Perfect Tense过去完成时 After he turned off the light, he had left the room. ( ) After he turned off the light, he left the room. ( ) 思考 判断正误 ✘ 注意：在由before, after 引导的时间状语从句的复合句中，由于before和after 本身已表达了动作的先后关系,若主、从句表示的动作紧密相连,则主、从句都可用一般过去时。 5. 一般可根据上下文语境来确定过去完成时的时态。 例：尽管他失败了很多次，但他从没放弃过。 Although he had failed many times, he never gave up. Structure Past Perfect Tense过去完成时 肯定句 主语+had+过去分词+其他. 否定句 主语+hadn’t(had not)+过去分词+其他. 一般疑问句及答语 —Had+主语+过去分词+其他? —Yes, 主语+had. —No, 主语+hadn’t. 构成：___________________________ 助动词had+动词的过去分词 (1)由时间状语来判定 ① by+过去的时间点 例：到昨天9点钟时，她已经读完了这本书。 She had finished reading the book by 9 o’clock yesterday. 判断依据 17 ② by the end of+过去的时间点 例：到上个月月底，我们已经完成了所有工作。 We had completed all the work by the end of last month. 翻译： 她说她之前看过了这部电影。 ___________________________________________ 当我到达车站的时候，火车已经走了。 ____________________________________________ (2)由“过去的过去”来判定 She said that she had seen the film before. When I got to the station, the train had already left. 4a Make sentences using by the time or before. 1. Tim went into the bathroom. Mary got up. By the time Mary got up, Tim had already gone into the bathroom. 2. The coffee became cold. I put cream in the coffee. Before I put cream in the coffee, the coffee had already become cold. n.奶油；乳脂 3. The teacher collected the math homework. I got to school. By the time I got to school, the teacher had already collected the math homework. 20 4. I completed the work for my boss. The workday ended. Before the workday ended, I had already completed the work for my boss. n.工作日 5. The movie started. I arrived at the cinema. By the time I arrived at the cinema, the movie had already started. 6. My mother finished making the apple pie. I got home from my language course. By the time I got home from my language course, my mother had already finished making the apple pie. Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. rush out forget arrive at go into show up find out 1. By the time I arrived at the party, everyone else ____ already __________. 2. When he put the noodles into a bowl, he realized he _____________ to add the green beans. 3. By the time my mother came back from the market, I ____ already __________ of the door to go to my piano lesson. 4. Before she got to the airport, she _____________ about the earthquake. 5. When she __________ the movie theater, she remembered she had forgotten to feed her dog. 6. Before she got a chance to say goodbye, he ____________ the building. had had forgotten 赶到；露面 n.豆；豆荚 rush-rushed-rushed forget-forgot-forgot/forgotten arrive-arrived-arrived go-went-gone show-showed-showed/shown find-found-found 4b shown up rushed out had found out n.市场；集市 had had gone into arrived at 4c Write two true statements and one false statement about your day yesterday. Then ask your classmates to guess the false statement. 1. By the time I left for school in the morning, _____________________________________ 2. By the end of the school day, ____________ _____________________________________ 3. By dinner time, I ______________________ the rain had stopped. I had done all my homework. had finished my homework. Which statement is false and why? I think the second statement may be false. Because some teachers arrange homework at the end of the school day. Besides our homework is overloaded. A lot of students can’t finish homework by the end of the school day. Summary 过去完成时 构成 定义 用法 判断 依据 “过去的过去” had+done 1. 从定义出发，即“过去的过去” 2. 在宾语从句的运用 3.含有时间、原因、方式等状语从 句的复合句中运用 4. 根据上下文语境来运用 1. 根据时间标志词 2. 根据情景判断，即过去动作的 先后顺序 Homework Review the grammar. Recite the sentences in Grammar Focus. 3. Do the exercises. $$