7B Unit 3 My hometown Grammar～ Further study知识点讲义

7B Unit 3 My hometown Grammar~ Further study知识点讲义 重点短语 国家体育场 the national stadium 鸟巢 the bird’s nest 追溯到 date from 对某物足够 big enough for sth 足够。。。做某事 adj. enough for sb to do 有足够的。。。做某事 enough n. to do 站在商店外面 stand outside of the shop 对着某人微笑 smile at sb 在左边/右边 on the left/right 在零食下面 below the snacks 在饮料上面 above the drinks 在长椅上面的树叶 the tree leaves over the bench 在风中摇晃 wave in the wind 躺着一只狗 lie a dog 一场精彩的风景 a wonderful sight 日光湖面起舞 sunshine dances on the river 在光中 in the light 湖上泛舟 take a boat out of the water 被薄冰覆盖 covered in a sheet of ice 城市散布 take a city walk 划船 row a boat 以...的形状 in the shape of 推荐某地 recommend sp 推荐某人获得... recommend sb for 162米高 162meters tall 城市全貌 the view of the city 沿着沙滩走 walk along the beach 呼吸海边空气 take in the sea air 日落景色 the view at sunset 海边漫步 go for a walk by the sea 生活方式 way of life 在...的结尾 at the end of 似乎是金色的 seem to be golden 长久的想念某物 miss sth for a long time 错过做某事 miss doing 语法精讲 Grammar 1. 冠词 考点精讲 冠词是英语中最常见的一种限定词，它在句子中不能充当任何句子成分，所以也不能单独使用，只能用在名词前面，说明所指的人或物。冠词共有两种：不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有a和an，定冠词有the。在实际使用中，还有一种叫零冠词的，即在名词的前面不用任何冠词。 (1) 不定冠词a/an 1) 用法 ①表示数量有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强。 ②第一次提到，泛指某个人或事物。 ③表示人或事物的某一类。 ④表示“每一”的意思，相当于every . ⑤表示某一个，相当于a certain. 【例句】 Mr. Green goes to the cinema once a week． 格林先生每周去一次电影院。 A Mr, Smith is asking to see you. 有个史密斯先生想要见你。 2) a/an 选择，看音素，不看字母 ①a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前面 a UFO 一个不明飞行物 a university 一所大学 a useful book 一本有用的书 a European country 一个欧洲国家 ②an用在以元音音素开头的单词前面 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an unusual experience 一次不同寻常的经历 【练一练】单项选择 It is ________ useful book. I can see ________ old man. A．a; an B．an; a C．an; an D．a; a 【答案】A 【解析】句意：它是一本有用的书。我可以看见一个老男人。 考查不定冠词。an用于元音音素前，a用于辅音音素前，都表示“一个”。第一个空后useful“有用的”[ˈjuːsfl]，辅音音素开头，要用a；第二个空后old“老的”[əʊld]，元音音素开头，要用an。故选A。 3) 用于某些固定词组中。 half an hour 半个小时 as a result 因此 for a while 一会儿 for a moment 一会儿 have a nice trip 旅途愉快 in a hurry 匆忙地 live a happy life 过着幸福生活 (2) 定冠词the 1) 用法 ①特指某人或某物。如：The woman over there is a popular teacher in our school. 那边那个女人是我们学校很受欢迎的老师。 ②指双方都知道的人或事物。如：Where are the new books，Jim？吉姆，新那些新书在哪？ ③指上文提到过的人或物。如：There is a woman standing there. The woman looked worried. 那边站着一个女人。那个女人看起来很焦虑。 ④用在世上独一无二的事物名词前。如：the sun, the sky, the earth, the world ⑤用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：the first picture 在第一张图片里 ⑥用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。如：the Yellow River, the Red Sea ⑦用在姓氏复数形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。如：the Greens, the Blacks ⑧用在乐器名词前。如：play the piano/ the violin ⑨用在少数名词化的形容词前表示一类人或事物。如：the old（老人）, the poor（穷人）, the blind（盲人） ⑩用在表示方向位置的名词前。如：in the east, on the right, in the centre, etc. ⑪用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 如：the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the White House 白宫 2) 用在某些固定搭配中 look the same 看起来一样 in the sun 在阳光下 on the right 在右边 by the way 顺便说一下 all the time 一直 in the middle of 在中间 on the way home 回家途中 all the same 依然 at the same time 同时 in the end 终于 on the one hand……on the other hand 一方面，另一方面 【练一练】单项选择 The Reader is a wonderful TV show. ________ show tells us to read more good books. A．An B．A C．The D．不填 【答案】C 【解析】句意：《朗读者》是一部很棒的电视节目。这个节目告诉我们要多读好书。 考查冠词辨析。空格后“show”是前文提到的，所以此空应填the表示特指前文提到的事物，故选C。 (3) 零冠词 1) 用法 ①当名词前已经有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等限定词时，不加冠词 ②专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前不加冠词。 ③球类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前不加冠词。 ④节日、星期、月份、季节名称前不加冠词。 ⑤表示颜色、语言、称呼语和官职、头衔的名词前不加冠词。 2) 某些固定词组中。 at noon 在正午 at midnight 在午夜 on time　准时 in time　按时 at work　在工作 on show 在展出 in trouble 　处于困境 at first　起初 in fact 事实上 on holiday在度假 on duty　　值日 at times 有时候 after class　　课后 at night　　在夜间 with pleasure 乐意地 【练一练】单项选择 — Lily, you can’t go to school without having ________ breakfast. It’s bad for your health. — I know, Mum. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 【答案】A 【解析】句意：——莉莉，你不能不吃早餐就去上学。这对你的健康有害。——我知道，妈妈。 考查冠词。三餐前不需要用冠词，此处构成短语have breakfast“吃早餐”，故选A。 【区分】有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义有所不同。 1)at table 在吃饭； at the table在桌子旁 2)in class 在上课 in the class在班级中 3)in front of在…的前面（外部） in the front of在…的前面（内部） 4) in hospital 因病住院 in the hospital 在医院里（不一定生病） 2. 地点介词 介词 用法 举例 at at后加小地点。如车站、机场、电影院、街道等 at the bus stop, at home in 表示在物体的内部；后也可接较大的地点，如国家、城市等。 in Nanjing, in China, in the world on 表示在...上 （表面接触） on the farm, on the wall, on the second floor over 指在......的正上方，表示垂直在上（不接触表面） The sign is over the bench. above 在...上方，没有垂直关系；通常指斜上方。 The food is above the drinks. below 在...下方，没有垂直关系；通常指斜下方 The drinks are below the food. under 在......的下方（通常为正下方） The dog is under the bench. in front of 在物体外部的前面 There are some trees in front of our house. in the front of 在物体内部的前面 The teacher always stands in the front of the classroom. behind 在...外部的后面 There is a girl behind the tree. between...and... 在...和...之间 I am standing between my father and my mother. along 沿着 He is taking a walk along the river. inside 在...里面 The shopkeeper is inside the shop. outside 在...外面 The boy is outside the shop. 【练一练】单项选择 I can’t see the film because two tall men sit ________ me. A．behind B．beside C．in front of D．far away from 【答案】C 【解析】句意：我看不见电影，因为两个高个子男人坐在我前面。考查介词短语。behind在……后面；beside在……旁边；in front of在……前面；far away from远离。根据“I can’t see the film because two tall men sit...”可知因为两个高个子男人坐在前面，所以看不见电影，故选C。 3. It's big enough for 91,000 people and is now a popular place for sports and music events.它足够容纳91000人，现在是举办体育和音乐活动的热门场所。 【精讲】enough adj./adv.意为“足够的(地)” 【位置】名词前形容词副词后 【例句】 There isn’t enough milk in the fridge.Let’s go and buy some. 冰箱里没有足够的牛奶。让我们去买一些吧。 The house is big enough for me to live in. 这个房子对我来说足够大了,可以住。 【句型】be +adj. +enough（for sb.) to do sth. 意为“...(对...来说）足够...，可以...” 【例句】 He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大了，可以去上学了。 English is easy enough for me to learn.对我而言,英语学起来足够地容易. 【练一练】单项选择 —Kate, do you have ________ to watch the film Ne Zha2《哪吒之魔童闹海》tonight? —Great! It is ________ to attract （吸引）so many people to watch it. A．enough time; enough interesting B．enough time; interesting enough C．time enough; enough interesting D．time enough; interesting enough 【答案】B 【解析】 句意：——凯特，你今晚有足够的时间看电影《哪吒之魔童闹海》吗？——太好了！它很有趣，吸引了这么多人观看。考查形容词和副词。enough作形容词修饰名词时，位于名词前，作副词修饰形容词时，位于形容词后。故选B。 知识梳理 Pronunciation 单词重音 【精讲】When we say words with more than one syllable, we stress one of the syllables.The stressed syllable sounds stronger, The stress can be on the beginning, middle or last syllable of a word. 当我们说多于一个音节的单词时，我们会重读其中一个音节。重读音节听起来更强，重音可以在单词的开头、中间或最后一个音节上。 (1) Stressing the beginning syllable 重读开头音节 pres·ent fa·vour·ite em·per·or (2) Stressing the middle syllable 重读中间的音节 mu·se·um tra·di·tion de·li·cious (3) Stressing the last syllable 重读最后一个音节 be·tween to·day en·gi·neer 【练一练】根据重音音节给单词归类 interest museum Olympic together broken ancient recommend tradition between community emperor national delicious courtyard engineer treasure Today sandwich fantastic attract 1. Stressing the first syllable: 2. Stressing the second syllable: 3. Stressing the last syllable: 【答案】 1. interest broken ancient emperor national courtyard treasure sandwich 2. museum Olympic together tradition community delicious fantastic 3. today recommend between engineer Integration 1. A building in the shape of a bird.一个呈鸟形状的建筑。 【短语】in the shape of... 意为“以...的形式；呈...的形状” 【拓展】shape n.意为“形状，形态，外形” in different shapes 以不同的形状 【例句】The cookies are made in the shape of stars.这些饼干被做成了星星的形状。 【练一练】首字母填空 These balloons come in different s , such as animals and flowers. 【答案】shapes 2. I recommend the Brighton i360 tower.我推荐布莱顿i360塔。 【精讲】recommend v.意为 “推荐，介绍；劝告，建议”。 【搭配】 (1) recommend sb. ... (= recommend ... to sb.)  “向某人推荐／介绍…… “. 【例句】Can you recommend me a good dentist? 你能给我推荐一个好的牙医吗? Perhaps you can recommend me another hotel. 或许你能给我再介绍一家旅馆。 (2) recommend sb. for... “推荐某人做(某职位)”。 【例句】I'll recommend him for the job. 我要推荐他做这项工作。 (3) recommend sth. for... “推荐某物作某种用途”。 【例句】I recommend these pills for your cough. 我向你推荐这种药治疗咳嗽。 (4) recommend sb. as... “推荐某人为……(身份/角色)”。 【例句】I'll recommend him as her secretary. 我要推荐他当她的秘书。 (5) recommend doing sth. “建议做某事”。 【例句】I recommend buying this dictionary. (= I recommend you t0 buy this dictionary.)我建议你买这本词典。 (6) recommend + that-clause“建议……”(从句中用should + 动词原形，should可省去)。 【例句】He recommended that we (should) read the novel. (= He recommended us to read the novel.)他建议我们读一读那部小说。 【拓展】 recommendation n.意为“推荐；介绍信” 【练一练】翻译句子 我想推荐Jack作班长. . 【答案】I would like to recommend Jack for monitor. 【解析】考察 recommend  sb.  for... “推荐某人做(某职位)”。 3. It’s nice to walk along the beach and take in the sea air.沿着海滩散步，呼吸海边的空气真好。 【短语】take in 吸收，吸入 【拓展】与take有关的短语 take off 脱下，（飞机）起飞 take up 占据 take away 带走 【练一练】单项选择 The plane will ______ in ten minutes. Please hurry up. A. take in B. take up C. take off D. take away 【答案】C 【解析】句意为 “飞机将在十分钟后起飞。请快点”。take off 有 “（飞机）起飞” 的意思，符合语境，故选 C。 4. It takes about an hour by train to get to Brighton from London.从伦敦乘火车到布莱顿大约需要一个小时。 【精讲】take 表示花费（时间），用it 作主语。 【句型】It takes +(人）+时间+to do sth. 花费某人一些时间做某事。 【区分】“花费”的表达方式 主语 句 型 take it It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 过去式：took spend 人 on sth . 人 spend + 金钱 / 时间 + 过去式：spent（in ）doing sth. 三单： spends pay 人 人 pay + 钱 for 物. 人 pay for sth. 过去式;paid 三单：pays cost 物 物 cost + 钱（vi.） 物 cost + sb. + 钱（vt.） 过去式：cost 三单：costs 【练一练】单项选择 It ________ me 2 hours to buy a birthday present for Amy. The present ________ me 10 yuan. A．takes; spends B．costs; takes C．spends; costs D．takes; costs 【答案】D 【解析】句意：给Amy买礼物花费了我两个小时的时间。这个礼物花了我10元。考查动词辨析。take花费，常用搭配是It takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth.；spend花费，常用搭配sb. spends+时间或金钱+on sth./in doing sth.；cost花费，主语为物。根据“It… me 2 hours to buy a birthday present for Amy”可知，此处是用“It takes sb.+一段时间+to do sth”的固定搭配，故第一空填takes。第二句的主语present是指物，所以第二空应填costs，故选D。 5. Then go to Brighton Fishing Museum to see old boats and tools, and learn about the local people’s traditional way of life.然后去布莱顿渔业博物馆参观古老的船只和工具，了解当地人的传统生活方式。 【精讲】to see 不定式作目的状语，表目的 【例句】 I come here to have an English class. 我来这上英语课。 He did everything he can to save his son’s life. 他竭尽全力去挽救儿子的命。 【练一练】单项选择 ________ awake（醒着的）, Cherry went to the bathroom and washed her face with cold water. A．Stay B．Staying C．To stay D．Stayed 【答案】C 【解析】句意：为了保持清醒，Cherry去洗手间用冷水洗脸。考查非谓语动词。根据“Cherry went to the bathroom and washed her face with cold water”可知，用冷水洗脸的目的是为了保持清醒，用动词不定式表目的，故选C。 6. At the end of your day, do not miss the amazing sunset.在一天结束的时候，不要错过令人惊叹的日落。 【短语】at the end of... 意为“在...结束的时候” 【精讲】end 词性 词义 用法 范例 end n. 结束；终止；结局 后，终于 (1) in the end = finally = at last Everything will come right in the end. (2) near the end靠近…的结尾 He announced the truth near the end of the meal. (3) at the end of …在…结尾 There was a small stream at the end of the garden. (4) by the end of …：到…末为止 By the end of the day, we were all tired but happy. v. 结尾；作为…的结尾 (1) end up with: 用…作为结尾 The show ended up with a happy result. (2) end in: 以…告终 The show came to an end in the laughter of the audience. 【练一练】单项选择 ______ the end, they decided to take the train instead of driving. A. At B. In C. On D. By 【答案】B 【解析】句意：最终，他们决定乘坐火车而不是开车，固定搭配 in the end，表示“最终”。 7. When the sun is setting, everything seems to be golden.当太阳落山时，一切似乎都是金色的。 【精讲】seem 词性 词义 用法 范例 seem linking verb 似乎；看来 (1) seem + adj. 看起来 You seem happy. (2) seem + n. 好像… He seems a good man. (3) seem to do sth. 好像… They seem to know what they’re doing. (4) seem to be + n. / adj.: 似乎是… The children always seem to be hungry. (5) It + seem + that + 从句 似乎… It seemed that nothing could stop her. 【练一练】单项选择 The film seems ________ and few of us like it. A. bored B. boring C. interested D. interesting 【答案】B 【解析】句意：这部电影似乎很无聊，我们几乎没有人喜欢它。根据few意为“几乎没有”是含有否定意义的词判断，这部电影是无聊的，bored修饰人，boring修饰物，因此选B。   例题精讲 一、单项选择。 1. —Could you show me ________ orange T-shirt? I want to pick one for my son. —Sure. What about ________ one over there? A.a, the B.an, a C.an, the D.a, an 2. My cousin studies in ________ university and he loves playing ________ guitar. A.a; / B.an; a C.an;  / D.a; the 3. There is ________ “u” and an “e” in the word “ruler”. A.an B.a C.the D./ 4. I have ________ basketball. Let’s play ________ basketball. A.a; / B.a; a C./; the D./; the 5. —Don’t shout at her! She is just ________ 8-year-old girl. —I am sorry, I won’t. A.a B.an C.the D./ 6. Here is ________ English dictionary. ________ dictionary is red. A.a; The B.an; The C.a; An D.an; A 7. Bob is ________ SPCA officer and he wears ________ uniform at work. A.a; an B.an; a C.an; an D.a; a 8. — Look! ________ card on the table is for you. — Really? It is ________ beautiful one. I like it very much. A.A; a B.A; the C.The; a D.The; the 9. There is ______ elephant in the zoo.______ elephant is from Africa. A./;An B.an; The C.a; The D.an; / 10. —Oh, you are wrong again. Be careful, please! —I’m sorry. I won’t make ________ same mistake for ________ third time. A.a; the B.a; a C.the; the D.the; a 11. It’s ________ pleasure to see ________ sun rising in ________ east. A./; the; / B.a; /; / C.a; the; the D./; the; the 12. —What’s the most important tradition in Chinese family? —I think it’s to respect ________ old and love ________ young. A.the; the B.the; a C./; the D.the; an 13. I plan to go to France with ________, and we will visit ________ in Paris. A.the Smiths; Louvre Museum B.the Smiths; the Louvre Museum C.Smiths; Louvre Museum D.Smiths; the Louvre Museum 14. My sister has only ________ apple for _________ dinner. A.a; / B.a; the C.an; the D.an; / 15. —Many doctors and nurses in Nanjing went to Shanghai in March. —Shanghai is not far from Nanjing. It’s ________ the east of China, ________ the south-east of Nanjing. A.in; to B.on; at C.to; on D.to; in 16. The bus stop is ________ the left of the hospital. A.in B.on C.at D.behind 17. Put the rug ________ the TV set and the sofa, please. A.on B.above C.between D.among 18. Fujian is ________ the south of China and ________ the north of Taiwan. A.to; in B.on; to C.in; to D.in; / 19. They will build a new bridge ________ the river in front of my house. A.on B.over C.in D.near 20. The Qinhuai River runs ________ Nanjing, and there are many beautiful bridges ________ it. A.across; through B.through; over C.through; through D.across; over 【答案】1-5 CDBAB 6-10 BBCBD 11-15 CABDA 16-20 BCCBB 2、 语法填空 阅读下面的e-mail,在空格外用适当的冠词填空，不需要的地方填“/” Dear Amy, I have ___1___ good news for you. We will have __2___ party this Saturday. It is on ___3___ fourth of March. A lot of friends will come to ___4__ party. Would you like to come? It is ___5___ first time to hold a party in ___6___ China for us. We plan to hold it in a restaurant called Kelaiyue. It is ___7___ best restaurant near my home. If you would like to join us, you can come by ___8___ bus. I am looking forward to seeing you. We are sure to have __9___ good time together. And you will see a new friend of mine. He is ____10____ 11-year-old American boy. You can be good friends, I think. Love, Daniel 【答案】 1．/    2．a    3．the    4．the    5．the    6．/    7．the    8．/    9．a    10．an 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1. Shanghai is the east of China and the west of Japan. A. in; in B. to; to C. in; to D. on; to 2. Remember your homework here tomorrow. A. to bring B. to take C. take D. bring 3. The girl is new here and she lives . So she seems . A. lonely; lonely B. alone; lonely C. lonely; alone D. alone; alone 4.— Is that elegant lady the new librarian? — Yes. She always us books based on our interest. We all love her. A. recommend B. recommends C. recommended D. is recommending 5. The sun shone the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall. A. over B. along C. through D. across 6. We should stress syllable (音节) when reading the word“community”. A. the first B. the second C. the third D. the fourth 7. This week, the weather to change every day: One day is hot, while the next is cold. A. seems B. looks C. sounds D. feels 8. Boys and girls, please walk the right side of the road. A. along B. up C. over D. out 9. Don't worry too much. will be fine. Just take it easy. A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything 10. It my mother half an hour to the supermarket every day. A. spends; getting B. takes; to get C. spends; to get D. takes; getting 【答案】1-5 CABBC 6-10 BBADB 二、根据句意及所给的汉语提示写出单词 1. In today's DIY class, students made cards in different (形状).. 2. It is said that the scores of physical education will be as (高) as those of the main subjects, such as English and Mathematics. 3. Though the summer camp is coming to an (结尾), it has left some sweet memories in my heart. 4. The Monkey King goes to the Dragon King to get the (金色的) cudgel(短棒). 5. Can you (推荐) a good restaurant? 6. Standing at the top of the (塔), I could enjoy the beauty of the ancient city. 7. Walk (沿着) the path next to the post office, and you' ll find the museum. 8. Emma wants to have a good view of Yantian Port in the distance and enjoy the (日落). 9. This book is (极好的) and I hope to read it again. 10. These short video apps are useful (工具) to spread Chinese traditional culture. 【答案】1. shapes 2. high 3. end 4. golden 5. recommend 6. tower 7. along8. sunset 9. fantastic 10. tools 课堂小结 课后作业 一、首字母填空 If you want to feel the sense of real Beijing, walk off the main streets and visit a siheyuan. As traditional buildings, siheyuan are mostly seen in n 1 China. A typical siheyuan has a big square garden w 2 four buildings on all four sides. Usually, one big family lives here. The design of a siheyuan f 3 Confucian(儒家的) ideas of respecting authority(权威) and the old. The northern main house gets the most sunshine, s 4 the eldest member of the family lives there. The east and west wing houses are for children and grandchildren. The southern building is closest to the doorway. It is usually for servants (仆人) or guests. Living under the same roof helps to form a s 5 family bond(纽带). Every family member stays close by sharing l 6 and cries together. Later, siheyuan developed into neighbourhoods for many different families. Strangers became n 7 . Their children became friends. When one family had p 8 , all warm-hearted neighbours came to help. But nowadays, m 9 and tall buildings have replaced(取代) many of these traditional, beautiful buildings. The n 10 of siheyuan in Beijing has dropped from 40, 000 in the Qing Dynasty to 3,000 today. In order to protect(保护) siheyuan, the government will collect about a thousand valuable siheyuan in The Records of Beijing Siheyuan. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 【答案】1. northern 2. with 3. follows 4. so5. strong 6. laughs 7. neighbours8. problems 9. modern 10. number 二、完形填空 I am from Cambridge. It's a 1 city in the east of England, and it has about100,000 people. It's on the River Cam. There are lots of old buildings and churches. It's famous 2 Cambridge University. London is the 3 of the UK, with seven 4 people, so it's bigger and busier than Cambridge. London is in the south of England and it's on the River Thames. The river is 336 kilometres long. London is 5 old city— about 2,000 years old. It's famous for 6 , Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge. In the north of England there 7 a big lake and low mountains. The mountains are about 1,000 metres 8 . In the west of England you' re always 9 the sea. There are lots of small villages on the coast(海岸). England is part of Britain, and Britain is an island(岛). It's never very hot in summer, 10 very cold in winter. ( ) 1. A. big B. large C. small D. modern ( ) 2. A. for B. in C. on D. as ( ) 3. A. middle B. country C. centre D. capital ( ) 4. A. thousand B. thousands C. million D. millions ( ) 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 6. A. the White House B. Mount Fuji C. the Eiffel Tower D. Elizabeth Tower ( ) 7. A. is B. are C. has D. have ( ) 8. A. long B. old C. wide D. high ( ) 9. A. on B. next C. near D. of ( )10. A. and B. but C. or D. because 【答案】1-5 CADCB 6-10 DADCC 三、书面表达 假设你是某中学七年级学生李华，你校将举行一次“最美家乡代言人”演讲活动。请你根据以下提示,以“My beautiful hometown”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，向大家介绍你的家乡——南京。 第一段介绍南京的基本信息。第二段介绍南京的三个主要景点。第三段介绍你对南京的感受。 要求： 1. 可参考提示内容，亦可适当发挥。 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。 3. 文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名、校名等)。 4. 词数：不少于 60个。(开头已给出，不计入总词数) My beautiful hometown Now I' ll introduce my hometown to you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【答案】One possible version: My beautiful hometown Now I' ll introduce my hometown to you. Nanjing, the capital of Jiangsu Province, is a beautiful city with a long history. It's known for its rich culture and delicious food. There are three main attractions in Nanjing that visitors shouldn't miss. The first is the Sun Yat-sen Mausoleum, a place where you can learn about the history of modern China. The second is the Confucius Temple, a busy market area filled with traditional snacks and souvenirs. Lastly, the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge,a famous structure crossing the Yangtze River, offers breathtaking views of the city. Visiting Nanjing will make you feel deeply moved. I love my hometown! 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 7B Unit 3 My hometown Grammar~ Further study知识点讲义 重点短语 国家体育场 鸟巢 追溯到 对某物足够 足够。。。做某事 有足够的。。。做某事 站在商店外面 对着某人微笑 在左边/右边 在零食下面 在饮料上面 在长椅上面的树叶 在风中摇晃 躺着一只狗 一场精彩的风景 日光湖面起舞 在光中 湖上泛舟 被薄冰覆盖 城市散布 划船 以...的形状 推荐某地 推荐某人获得... 162米高 城市全貌 沿着沙滩走 呼吸海边空气 日落景色 海边漫步 生活方式 在...的结尾 似乎是金色的 长久的想念某物 错过做某事 语法精讲 Grammar 1. 冠词 考点精讲 冠词是英语中最常见的一种限定词，它在句子中不能充当任何句子成分，所以也不能单独使用，只能用在名词前面，说明所指的人或物。冠词共有两种：不定冠词和定冠词。不定冠词有a和an，定冠词有the。在实际使用中，还有一种叫零冠词的，即在名词的前面不用任何冠词。 (1) 不定冠词a/an 1) 用法 ①表示数量有“一”的意思，但数的概念没有one强。 ②第一次提到，泛指某个人或事物。 ③表示人或事物的某一类。 ④表示“每一”的意思，相当于every . ⑤表示某一个，相当于a certain. 【例句】 Mr. Green goes to the cinema once a week． 格林先生每周去一次电影院。 A Mr, Smith is asking to see you. 有个史密斯先生想要见你。 2) a/an 选择，看音素，不看字母 ①a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前面 a UFO 一个不明飞行物 a university 一所大学 a useful book 一本有用的书 a European country 一个欧洲国家 ②an用在以元音音素开头的单词前面 an honest boy 一个诚实的男孩 an unusual experience 一次不同寻常的经历 【练一练】单项选择 It is ________ useful book. I can see ________ old man. A．a; an B．an; a C．an; an D．a; a 3) 用于某些固定词组中。 half an hour 半个小时 as a result 因此 for a while 一会儿 for a moment 一会儿 have a nice trip 旅途愉快 in a hurry 匆忙地 live a happy life 过着幸福生活 (2) 定冠词the 1) 用法 ①特指某人或某物。如：The woman over there is a popular teacher in our school. 那边那个女人是我们学校很受欢迎的老师。 ②指双方都知道的人或事物。如：Where are the new books，Jim？吉姆，新那些新书在哪？ ③指上文提到过的人或物。如：There is a woman standing there. The woman looked worried. 那边站着一个女人。那个女人看起来很焦虑。 ④用在世上独一无二的事物名词前。如：the sun, the sky, the earth, the world ⑤用在序数词和形容词最高级前。如：the first picture 在第一张图片里 ⑥用在山脉、江河、海洋、岛等名词前。如：the Yellow River, the Red Sea ⑦用在姓氏复数形式之前,表示“某某一家”或“某某夫妇”。如：the Greens, the Blacks ⑧用在乐器名词前。如：play the piano/ the violin ⑨用在少数名词化的形容词前表示一类人或事物。如：the old（老人）, the poor（穷人）, the blind（盲人） ⑩用在表示方向位置的名词前。如：in the east, on the right, in the centre, etc. ⑪用在由普通名词构成的专有名词前。 如：the People’s Republic of China 中华人民共和国 the White House 白宫 2) 用在某些固定搭配中 look the same 看起来一样 in the sun 在阳光下 on the right 在右边 by the way 顺便说一下 all the time 一直 in the middle of 在中间 on the way home 回家途中 all the same 依然 at the same time 同时 in the end 终于 on the one hand……on the other hand 一方面，另一方面 【练一练】单项选择 The Reader is a wonderful TV show. ________ show tells us to read more good books. A．An B．A C．The D．不填 (3) 零冠词 1) 用法 ①当名词前已经有物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格等限定词时，不加冠词 ②专有名词、物质名词和抽象名词等不可数名词前不加冠词。 ③球类活动、学科名词、一日三餐前不加冠词。 ④节日、星期、月份、季节名称前不加冠词。 ⑤表示颜色、语言、称呼语和官职、头衔的名词前不加冠词。 2) 某些固定词组中。 at noon 在正午 at midnight 在午夜 on time　准时 in time　按时 at work　在工作 on show 在展出 in trouble 　处于困境 at first　起初 in fact 事实上 on holiday在度假 on duty　　值日 at times 有时候 after class　　课后 at night　　在夜间 with pleasure 乐意地 【练一练】单项选择 — Lily, you can’t go to school without having ________ breakfast. It’s bad for your health. — I know, Mum. A．/ B．the C．a D．an 【区分】有些名词前用冠词或不用冠词，其意义有所不同。 1)at table 在吃饭； at the table在桌子旁 2)in class 在上课 in the class在班级中 3)in front of在…的前面（外部） in the front of在…的前面（内部） 4) in hospital 因病住院 in the hospital 在医院里（不一定生病） 2. 地点介词 介词 用法 举例 at at后加小地点。如车站、机场、电影院、街道等 at the bus stop, at home in 表示在物体的内部；后也可接较大的地点，如国家、城市等。 in Nanjing, in China, in the world on 表示在...上 （表面接触） on the farm, on the wall, on the second floor over 指在......的正上方，表示垂直在上（不接触表面） The sign is over the bench. above 在...上方，没有垂直关系；通常指斜上方。 The food is above the drinks. below 在...下方，没有垂直关系；通常指斜下方 The drinks are below the food. under 在......的下方（通常为正下方） The dog is under the bench. in front of 在物体外部的前面 There are some trees in front of our house. in the front of 在物体内部的前面 The teacher always stands in the front of the classroom. behind 在...外部的后面 There is a girl behind the tree. between...and... 在...和...之间 I am standing between my father and my mother. along 沿着 He is taking a walk along the river. inside 在...里面 The shopkeeper is inside the shop. outside 在...外面 The boy is outside the shop. 【练一练】单项选择 I can’t see the film because two tall men sit ________ me. A．behind B．beside C．in front of D．far away from 3. It's big enough for 91,000 people and is now a popular place for sports and music events.它足够容纳91000人，现在是举办体育和音乐活动的热门场所。 【精讲】enough adj./adv.意为“足够的(地)” 【位置】名词前形容词副词后 【例句】 There isn’t enough milk in the fridge.Let’s go and buy some. 冰箱里没有足够的牛奶。让我们去买一些吧。 The house is big enough for me to live in. 这个房子对我来说足够大了,可以住。 【句型】be +adj. +enough（for sb.) to do sth. 意为“...(对...来说）足够...，可以...” 【例句】 He is old enough to go to school. 他足够大了，可以去上学了。 English is easy enough for me to learn.对我而言,英语学起来足够地容易. 【练一练】单项选择 —Kate, do you have ________ to watch the film Ne Zha2《哪吒之魔童闹海》tonight? —Great! It is ________ to attract （吸引）so many people to watch it. A．enough time; enough interesting B．enough time; interesting enough C．time enough; enough interesting D．time enough; interesting enough 知识梳理 Pronunciation 单词重音 【精讲】When we say words with more than one syllable, we stress one of the syllables.The stressed syllable sounds stronger, The stress can be on the beginning, middle or last syllable of a word. 当我们说多于一个音节的单词时，我们会重读其中一个音节。重读音节听起来更强，重音可以在单词的开头、中间或最后一个音节上。 (1) Stressing the beginning syllable 重读开头音节 pres·ent fa·vour·ite em·per·or (2) Stressing the middle syllable 重读中间的音节 mu·se·um tra·di·tion de·li·cious (3) Stressing the last syllable 重读最后一个音节 be·tween to·day en·gi·neer 【练一练】根据重音音节给单词归类 interest museum Olympic together broken ancient recommend tradition between community emperor national delicious courtyard engineer treasure Today sandwich fantastic attract 1. Stressing the first syllable: 2. Stressing the second syllable: 3. Stressing the last syllable: Integration 1. A building in the shape of a bird.一个呈鸟形状的建筑。 【短语】in the shape of... 意为“以...的形式；呈...的形状” 【拓展】shape n.意为“形状，形态，外形” in different shapes 以不同的形状 【例句】The cookies are made in the shape of stars.这些饼干被做成了星星的形状。 【练一练】首字母填空 These balloons come in different s , such as animals and flowers. 2. I recommend the Brighton i360 tower.我推荐布莱顿i360塔。 【精讲】recommend v.意为 “推荐，介绍；劝告，建议”。 【搭配】 (1) recommend sb. ... (= recommend ... to sb.)  “向某人推荐／介绍…… “. 【例句】Can you recommend me a good dentist? 你能给我推荐一个好的牙医吗? Perhaps you can recommend me another hotel. 或许你能给我再介绍一家旅馆。 (2) recommend sb. for... “推荐某人做(某职位)”。 【例句】I'll recommend him for the job. 我要推荐他做这项工作。 (3) recommend sth. for... “推荐某物作某种用途”。 【例句】I recommend these pills for your cough. 我向你推荐这种药治疗咳嗽。 (4) recommend sb. as... “推荐某人为……(身份/角色)”。 【例句】I'll recommend him as her secretary. 我要推荐他当她的秘书。 (5) recommend doing sth. “建议做某事”。 【例句】I recommend buying this dictionary. (= I recommend you t0 buy this dictionary.)我建议你买这本词典。 (6) recommend + that-clause“建议……”(从句中用should + 动词原形，should可省去)。 【例句】He recommended that we (should) read the novel. (= He recommended us to read the novel.)他建议我们读一读那部小说。 【拓展】 recommendation n.意为“推荐；介绍信” 【练一练】翻译句子 我想推荐Jack作班长. . 3. It’s nice to walk along the beach and take in the sea air.沿着海滩散步，呼吸海边的空气真好。 【短语】take in 吸收，吸入 【拓展】与take有关的短语 take off 脱下，（飞机）起飞 take up 占据 take away 带走 【练一练】单项选择 The plane will ______ in ten minutes. Please hurry up. A. take in B. take up C. take off D. take away 4. It takes about an hour by train to get to Brighton from London.从伦敦乘火车到布莱顿大约需要一个小时。 【精讲】take 表示花费（时间），用it 作主语。 【句型】It takes +(人）+时间+to do sth. 花费某人一些时间做某事。 【区分】“花费”的表达方式 主语 句 型 take it It takes sb. + 时间 + to do sth. 过去式：took spend 人 on sth . 人 spend + 金钱 / 时间 + 过去式：spent（in ）doing sth. 三单： spends pay 人 人 pay + 钱 for 物. 人 pay for sth. 过去式;paid 三单：pays cost 物 物 cost + 钱（vi.） 物 cost + sb. + 钱（vt.） 过去式：cost 三单：costs 【练一练】单项选择 It ________ me 2 hours to buy a birthday present for Amy. The present ________ me 10 yuan. A．takes; spends B．costs; takes C．spends; costs D．takes; costs 5. Then go to Brighton Fishing Museum to see old boats and tools, and learn about the local people’s traditional way of life.然后去布莱顿渔业博物馆参观古老的船只和工具，了解当地人的传统生活方式。 【精讲】to see 不定式作目的状语，表目的 【例句】 I come here to have an English class. 我来这上英语课。 He did everything he can to save his son’s life. 他竭尽全力去挽救儿子的命。 【练一练】单项选择 ________ awake（醒着的）, Cherry went to the bathroom and washed her face with cold water. A．Stay B．Staying C．To stay D．Stayed 6. At the end of your day, do not miss the amazing sunset.在一天结束的时候，不要错过令人惊叹的日落。 【短语】at the end of... 意为“在...结束的时候” 【精讲】end 词性 词义 用法 范例 end n. 结束；终止；结局 后，终于 (1) in the end = finally = at last Everything will come right in the end. (2) near the end靠近…的结尾 He announced the truth near the end of the meal. (3) at the end of …在…结尾 There was a small stream at the end of the garden. (4) by the end of …：到…末为止 By the end of the day, we were all tired but happy. v. 结尾；作为…的结尾 (1) end up with: 用…作为结尾 The show ended up with a happy result. (2) end in: 以…告终 The show came to an end in the laughter of the audience. 【练一练】单项选择 ______ the end, they decided to take the train instead of driving. A. At B. In C. On D. By 7. When the sun is setting, everything seems to be golden.当太阳落山时，一切似乎都是金色的。 【精讲】seem 词性 词义 用法 范例 seem linking verb 似乎；看来 (1) seem + adj. 看起来 You seem happy. (2) seem + n. 好像… He seems a good man. (3) seem to do sth. 好像… They seem to know what they’re doing. (4) seem to be + n. / adj.: 似乎是… The children always seem to be hungry. (5) It + seem + that + 从句 似乎… It seemed that nothing could stop her. 【练一练】单项选择 The film seems ________ and few of us like it. A. bored B. boring C. interested D. interesting   例题精讲 一、单项选择。 1. —Could you show me ________ orange T-shirt? I want to pick one for my son. —Sure. What about ________ one over there? A.a, the B.an, a C.an, the D.a, an 2. My cousin studies in ________ university and he loves playing ________ guitar. A.a; / B.an; a C.an;  / D.a; the 3. There is ________ “u” and an “e” in the word “ruler”. A.an B.a C.the D./ 4. I have ________ basketball. Let’s play ________ basketball. A.a; / B.a; a C./; the D./; the 5. —Don’t shout at her! She is just ________ 8-year-old girl. —I am sorry, I won’t. A.a B.an C.the D./ 6. Here is ________ English dictionary. ________ dictionary is red. A.a; The B.an; The C.a; An D.an; A 7. Bob is ________ SPCA officer and he wears ________ uniform at work. A.a; an B.an; a C.an; an D.a; a 8. — Look! ________ card on the table is for you. — Really? It is ________ beautiful one. I like it very much. A.A; a B.A; the C.The; a D.The; the 9. There is ______ elephant in the zoo.______ elephant is from Africa. A./;An B.an; The C.a; The D.an; / 10. —Oh, you are wrong again. Be careful, please! —I’m sorry. I won’t make ________ same mistake for ________ third time. A.a; the B.a; a C.the; the D.the; a 11. It’s ________ pleasure to see ________ sun rising in ________ east. A./; the; / B.a; /; / C.a; the; the D./; the; the 12. —What’s the most important tradition in Chinese family? —I think it’s to respect ________ old and love ________ young. A.the; the B.the; a C./; the D.the; an 13. I plan to go to France with ________, and we will visit ________ in Paris. A.the Smiths; Louvre Museum B.the Smiths; the Louvre Museum C.Smiths; Louvre Museum D.Smiths; the Louvre Museum 14. My sister has only ________ apple for _________ dinner. A.a; / B.a; the C.an; the D.an; / 15. —Many doctors and nurses in Nanjing went to Shanghai in March. —Shanghai is not far from Nanjing. It’s ________ the east of China, ________ the south-east of Nanjing. A.in; to B.on; at C.to; on D.to; in 16. The bus stop is ________ the left of the hospital. A.in B.on C.at D.behind 17. Put the rug ________ the TV set and the sofa, please. A.on B.above C.between D.among 18. Fujian is ________ the south of China and ________ the north of Taiwan. A.to; in B.on; to C.in; to D.in; / 19. They will build a new bridge ________ the river in front of my house. A.on B.over C.in D.near 20. The Qinhuai River runs ________ Nanjing, and there are many beautiful bridges ________ it. A.across; through B.through; over C.through; through D.across; over 2、 语法填空 阅读下面的e-mail,在空格外用适当的冠词填空，不需要的地方填“/” Dear Amy, I have ___1___ good news for you. We will have __2___ party this Saturday. It is on ___3___ fourth of March. A lot of friends will come to ___4__ party. Would you like to come? It is ___5___ first time to hold a party in ___6___ China for us. We plan to hold it in a restaurant called Kelaiyue. It is ___7___ best restaurant near my home. If you would like to join us, you can come by ___8___ bus. I am looking forward to seeing you. We are sure to have __9___ good time together. And you will see a new friend of mine. He is ____10____ 11-year-old American boy. You can be good friends, I think. Love, Daniel 课堂练习 一、单项选择 1. Shanghai is the east of China and the west of Japan. A. in; in B. to; to C. in; to D. on; to 2. Remember your homework here tomorrow. A. to bring B. to take C. take D. bring 3. The girl is new here and she lives . So she seems . A. lonely; lonely B. alone; lonely C. lonely; alone D. alone; alone 4.— Is that elegant lady the new librarian? — Yes. She always us books based on our interest. We all love her. A. recommend B. recommends C. recommended D. is recommending 5. The sun shone the window and left a tiny rainbow on the wall. A. over B. along C. through D. across 6. We should stress syllable (音节) when reading the word“community”. A. the first B. the second C. the third D. the fourth 7. This week, the weather to change every day: One day is hot, while the next is cold. A. seems B. looks C. sounds D. feels 8. Boys and girls, please walk the right side of the road. A. along B. up C. over D. out 9. Don't worry too much. will be fine. Just take it easy. A. Something B. Anything C. Nothing D. Everything 10. It my mother half an hour to the supermarket every day. A. spends; getting B. takes; to get C. spends; to get D. takes; getting 二、根据句意及所给的汉语提示写出单词 1. In today's DIY class, students made cards in different (形状).. 2. It is said that the scores of physical education will be as (高) as those of the main subjects, such as English and Mathematics. 3. Though the summer camp is coming to an (结尾), it has left some sweet memories in my heart. 4. The Monkey King goes to the Dragon King to get the (金色的) cudgel(短棒). 5. Can you (推荐) a good restaurant? 6. Standing at the top of the (塔), I could enjoy the beauty of the ancient city. 7. Walk (沿着) the path next to the post office, and you' ll find the museum. 8. Emma wants to have a good view of Yantian Port in the distance and enjoy the (日落). 9. This book is (极好的) and I hope to read it again. 10. These short video apps are useful (工具) to spread Chinese traditional culture. 课堂小结 课后作业 一、首字母填空 If you want to feel the sense of real Beijing, walk off the main streets and visit a siheyuan. As traditional buildings, siheyuan are mostly seen in n 1 China. A typical siheyuan has a big square garden w 2 four buildings on all four sides. Usually, one big family lives here. The design of a siheyuan f 3 Confucian(儒家的) ideas of respecting authority(权威) and the old. The northern main house gets the most sunshine, s 4 the eldest member of the family lives there. The east and west wing houses are for children and grandchildren. The southern building is closest to the doorway. It is usually for servants (仆人) or guests. Living under the same roof helps to form a s 5 family bond(纽带). Every family member stays close by sharing l 6 and cries together. Later, siheyuan developed into neighbourhoods for many different families. Strangers became n 7 . Their children became friends. When one family had p 8 , all warm-hearted neighbours came to help. But nowadays, m 9 and tall buildings have replaced(取代) many of these traditional, beautiful buildings. The n 10 of siheyuan in Beijing has dropped from 40, 000 in the Qing Dynasty to 3,000 today. In order to protect(保护) siheyuan, the government will collect about a thousand valuable siheyuan in The Records of Beijing Siheyuan. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 二、完形填空 I am from Cambridge. It's a 1 city in the east of England, and it has about100,000 people. It's on the River Cam. There are lots of old buildings and churches. It's famous 2 Cambridge University. London is the 3 of the UK, with seven 4 people, so it's bigger and busier than Cambridge. London is in the south of England and it's on the River Thames. The river is 336 kilometres long. London is 5 old city— about 2,000 years old. It's famous for 6 , Buckingham Palace and Tower Bridge. In the north of England there 7 a big lake and low mountains. The mountains are about 1,000 metres 8 . In the west of England you' re always 9 the sea. There are lots of small villages on the coast(海岸). England is part of Britain, and Britain is an island(岛). It's never very hot in summer, 10 very cold in winter. ( ) 1. A. big B. large C. small D. modern ( ) 2. A. for B. in C. on D. as ( ) 3. A. middle B. country C. centre D. capital ( ) 4. A. thousand B. thousands C. million D. millions ( ) 5. A. a B. an C. the D. / ( ) 6. A. the White House B. Mount Fuji C. the Eiffel Tower D. Elizabeth Tower ( ) 7. A. is B. are C. has D. have ( ) 8. A. long B. old C. wide D. high ( ) 9. A. on B. next C. near D. of ( )10. A. and B. but C. or D. because 三、书面表达 假设你是某中学七年级学生李华，你校将举行一次“最美家乡代言人”演讲活动。请你根据以下提示,以“My beautiful hometown”为题写一篇英语短文投稿，向大家介绍你的家乡——南京。 第一段介绍南京的基本信息。第二段介绍南京的三个主要景点。第三段介绍你对南京的感受。 要求： 1. 可参考提示内容，亦可适当发挥。 2. 语句通顺，意思连贯，书写工整。 3. 文中不得出现任何真实信息(姓名、校名等)。 4. 词数：不少于 60个。(开头已给出，不计入总词数) My beautiful hometown Now I' ll introduce my hometown to you. ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！1 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$