专题03 Unit 2 单元语法多题型综合练（动词不定式作定语和结果状语）-2024-2025学年高一英语重难知识&题型精练(译林版2020必修第三册)

Unit 2 Natural disasters (译林版2020必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（动词不定式作定语和结果状语） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Sometimes even our short-term memory can let us down. Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something, only (forget) what you wanted when you got there? This is called “The Doorway Effect”. 【答案】to forget 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：有时甚至我们的短期记忆也会让我们失望。你有没有过走进一个房间去拿东西，结果到了那里却忘了自己想要什么的经历？这被称为“门口效应”。结合句意，“(forget) what you wanted when you got there”表示出乎意料的结果，作结果状语，forget是非谓语动词；动词不定式(only) to do常用于表示出乎意料的结果，意为“却……”。故填to forget。 2．After the meeting, they parted company, never (see) each other. 【答案】to see 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：散会后，他们分手了，从此再也没有见面。句子谓语动词是parted，空格处填入非谓语动词，never to do作结果状语，表示“再也没有做某事”。故填to see。 3．I ran to the school, only (inform) that I wasn’t admitted by Peking University. 【答案】to be informed 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我跑到学校，却被告知我没有被北京大学录取。根据句中谓语动词为“ran”，空处需填入非谓语动词形式；结合句意及空前only可知，使用“only to do”结构表示意料之外的结果，动词“inform”和逻辑主语“I”之间为被动关系，应用不定式的被动形式表示被告知。故填to be informed。 4．He hurried to the station, only (find) the train gone. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他匆匆赶到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。短语only to do sth.，表示“结果发现……”，不定式作结果状语，表示一种意料之外的结果，故填to find。 5．Your argument is too weak (persuade) me. 【答案】to persuade 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你的论点太弱，说服不了我。此处是固定搭配：too...to...意为“太……以至于不能……”。故填to persuade。 6．Would you be so kind as (do) me a favor, please? 【答案】to do 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：你能帮我一个忙吗？结合“be so kind as”可知，此处应用固定句型“so+形容词+as to do”表示“如此……以至于……”，空处应用do的不定式形式，作结果状语。故填to do。 7．“It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who cares enough (go) to that kind of trouble,” says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue effort. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：谈到埃勒斯的救援工作，丽莎说：“很高兴知道还有人愿意为这种麻烦挺身而出。”结合“cares enough”可知，此处用… enough to do表示“足够……做某事”，用于描述一个人的品质或能力，空处应用go的不定式形式，作结果状语。故填to go。 8．It is fun enough (attract) millions of people. 【答案】to attract 【详解】考查不定式。句意：它很有趣，足以吸引数百万人。enough to do，意为“足以(做)……”，符合句意，作结果状语，故填to attract。 9．She walked too slowly (get) there on time. 【答案】to get 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：她走得太慢，不能准时到达那里。根据前文walked too slowly和句意可知，此处考查固定搭配too…to…“太……而不能……”。故填to get。 10．The mission is difficult enough (require) careful planning. 【答案】to require 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：这项任务足够困难，需要仔细规划。enough to do“足够做某事”为固定搭配，作结果状语。故填to require。 11．He ran all the way to the station only (find) the train had left. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他一路跑到车站，却发现火车已经开走了。结合句意，此处为固定用法only to do，其中不定式作结果状语，表示一种出乎意料的结果。故填to find。 12．I was too weak (go) to school so my education suffered. 【答案】to go 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：我太虚弱了以至于无法去上学，因此我的教育受到了影响。go to school“去上学”。too...to...表示“太……以至于不能……”，本空用go的不定式。故填to go。 13．We arrived at the stadium, only (find) that the game had been cancelled. 【答案】to find 【详解】查非谓语动词。句意：我们到达体育场，结果发现比赛被取消了。该句使用了“only to do something”结构，通常表示一种出乎意料或令人失望的结果，意为“结果却发生了某事”。这里用find“发现”的不定式形式，作结果状语，故填to find。 14．I was 19 and too young (know) much about life. 【答案】to know 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：那时我19岁，还太年轻，对生活了解不多。此处为“too…to do…”结构，意为“太……而不能……”符合句意，所以此处使用动词不定式形式作结果状语。故填to know。 15．Lucy rushed to the school, only (find) that it was Saturday. 【答案】to find 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：露西冲到学校，却发现是星期六。空前的only可知，此处为动词不定式作结果状语，构成only to do，意思是“不料 (却) ……,结果 (却) ……”，表示一个没有料到的结果。故填to find。 16．The Yangtze River Protection Law, talking effect on March 1st, 2021, ensures that people can benefit from it for centuries (come). 【答案】to come 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：将于2021年3月1日生效的《长江保护法》将确保人们在未来几个世纪都能从中受益。此处表示要到来的几个世纪，应该用不定式形式to come表将要发生的动作，作定语。故填to come。 17．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance (take) the bag of rice out from her handbag. 【答案】 would gathe to take 【详解】考查时态和非谓语动词。句意：在她还没来得及从手提包中取出一袋米之前，通常约为10 到15只鸟，就会聚集在她周围。第一空做谓语，由从句had和句意可知，表示过去将要发生的事，应用过去将来时，即would gather；第二空是固定搭配have a chance to do sth.，意为“有机会做某事”，故填would gather；to take。 18．I am very busy. I have a very difficult problem (work) out. 【答案】to work 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我很忙，我有一个很难解决的问题。句中have为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处表示“要去解决”，故使用不定式结构作定语修饰problem。故填to work。 19．After she completes the project, she’ll have nothing （worry）about. 【答案】to worry 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：完成了这个项目之后，她将没有什么可担心的。不定式作后置定语修饰nothing，表示“没有什么东西让她担心”。故填to worry。 20．When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing (consider) is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. 【答案】to consider 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：当你计划一项日常锻炼时，首先要考虑的是你希望提高什么：心肺效率、肌肉力量或灵活性。空处作thing的后置定语，空前有序数词the first修饰，应用consider“考虑”的不定式形式。故填to consider。 21．My deskmate is always the first (arrive) at school and the last (leave). 【答案】 to arrive to leave 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我的同桌总是第一个到学校，最后一个离开。第一、二空均作后置定语，应用固定结构“the first/second/…/last+（名词）+不定式”表示“第几个做某事的人或物”，因此用arrive“到达”和leave“离开”的不定式形式。故填①to arrive；②to leave。 22．In the meeting, all the workers agreed to adopt a new idea (reform) the factory. 【答案】to reform 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在会议上，所有的工人都同意采用一个改革工厂的新想法。句子已有谓语，空处是非谓语，用不定式作idea的后置定语，表示将要发生的动作。故填to reform。 23．He made a promise (come) here on time. 【答案】to come 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他答应按时到这里来。名词promise“承诺，诺言”后通常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“……的承诺，……的诺言”，因此用come“来”的不定式形式。故填to come。 24．World War I had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together — one moment of peace (remember) during years of conflict. 【答案】to remember 【详解】考查不定式。句意：第一次世界大战在几个月前爆发，但英国和德国士兵放下了枪，一起踢足球——这是多年冲突中值得纪念的和平时刻。设空处修饰名词moment作定语，表将要，应用不定式，故填to remember。 25．What’s more, football has become one of the best ways for people (communicate): it does not require words, but everyone understands it. 【答案】to communicate 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：更重要的是，足球已经成为人们交流的最佳方式之一：它不需要语言，但每个人都能理解它。空处作ways的后置定语，抽象名词way后通常跟动词不定式作后置定语，表示“做某事的方式”。故填to communicate。 26．That football is such a simple game (play) is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 【答案】to play 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：足球是一项如此简单的运动，这也许是它受欢迎的基础。空处作修饰game的后置定语，所修饰词game和动词play之间是主谓关系，应用不定式作后置定语。故填to play。 27．I have something important (tell) you about the space project. 【答案】to tell 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：关于太空项目，我有一些重要的事情要告诉你。have something important to do为固定搭配，意为“有重要的事情要做”，其中to do为不定式作后置定语，修饰something。故填to tell。 28．The first person (reach) the moon was Neil Armstrong. 【答案】to reach 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：第一个登上月球的人是尼尔·阿姆斯特朗。空处作person的后置定语，person前有序数词The first修饰，应用reach“到达”的不定式形式。故填to reach。 29．Do you have anything (say) for yourself? 【答案】to say 【详解】考查不定式。句意：你有什么要为自己说的吗？不定代词anything 后常用不定式作定语。故填to say。 30．The best way (solve) the problem is to ask for help. 【答案】to solve 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：解决这个问题的最好办法是寻求帮助。way to do sth.“做某事的方法”为固定搭配，动词不定式作way的后置定语。故填to solve。 Ⅱ.完成句子 1．He hurried to the station only . 他匆忙赶到车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。 【答案】to be told the train had left 【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态。表示“告知”应用动词tell，且此处为only to do sth.，不定式作结果状语，且与he构成被动关系，应用to be done形式；后跟省略that的宾语从句；主语为train；表示“开走”应用动词leave，且表示过去的过去用过去完成时。故填to be told the train had left。 2．He was strong enough . 他足够强壮能搬起石头。 【答案】to lift the stone 【详解】考查动词、名词和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“搬起石头”，“搬起”可用动词lift，“石头”可用名词the stone，且此处需用… enough to do sth.表示“足够……做某事”，lift应用不定式的形式，作结果状语。故填to lift the stone。 3．Sometimes I’m busy go online. 有时我太忙了，不能上网。 【答案】 too to 【详解】考查固定句型。根据句意，表示“太……不能……”为too…to do…，不定式短语作结果状语。故填①too②to。 4．She was when she heard the news. 当她听到这个消息时激动得说不出话来。 【答案】too excited to say a word 【详解】考查形容词、短语和不定式。表示“太……以致不能……”用too...to...，too后用形容词或副词，to后用动词原形构成不定式，作结果状语。表示“激动的”用excited。表示“说一句话”用say a word，故填too excited to say a word。 5．I’m nervous pay attention when he introduced himself. 我太紧张了，以至于他自我介绍时我没注意。 【答案】 too to 【详解】考查固定结构。对比中英文可知，空处表示“太……以至于没……”，且第二空后为动词短语pay attention，因此用固定结构too… to…表示。故填①too②to。 6．我把它当作一次学习新技能的机会。 I an opportunity to fresh skills. 【答案】 regard it as acquire 【详解】考查动词短语和动词。根据句意，表示“把……当作……”为固定短语regard…as…，结合句意，此处可理解为经常发生的动作，使用一般现在时，主语是第一人称，所以谓语动词为动词原形，表示“它”为it作regard的宾语，表示“学习”可为acquire，位于不定式符号to之后，所以此处使用动词原形，为动词不定式短语作定语修饰名词opportunity。故填①regard②it③as④acquire。 7． They have a major in maintaining air and water quality. 他们在保持空气和水的质量方面起了举足轻重的作用。 【答案】 role/part to play 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。根据句意，本题考查固定短语have a major role/part to play，意为“扮演重要角色；起重要角色”，role/play为名词，意为“作用或角色”，作宾语，to play为不定式作后置定语，修饰名词role/play。故填①role/part；②to；③play。 8．She finally a famous dancer. 她最终实现了自己的夙愿，成了著名的舞蹈家。 【答案】achieved/realized her ambition to become 【详解】考查动词、名词和非谓语动词。对比中英文可知，空处表示“实现了自己成为……的夙愿”，“实现”可用动词achieve或realize，“自己的夙愿”可用名词短语her ambition，“成为”可用动词become，ambition后通常接动词不定式作定语，表示“……的夙愿”，become需用不定式的形式，且句子应该是叙述过去的事情，时态应用一般过去时，achieve或realize应用过去式的形式。故填achieved/realized her ambition to become。 9． My son told me gladly that he was the third person and the only one . 我儿子高兴地对我说他是他们班第三个完成作业并且唯一得满分的人。 【答案】 to finish his homework to get full marks in their class 【详解】考查不定式。对比中英文句子可知，第一空意为“完成作业”，第二空意为“他们班得满分的”，主语是he，“完成作业”是finish his homework，person前有序数词third修饰，第一空用不定式作后置定语，因此第一空是to finish his homework；“他们班”是in their class，“得满分”是get full marks，one前有the only修饰，第二空用不定式作后置定语，因此第二空是to get full marks in their class。故填①to finish his homework；②to get full marks in their class。 10．Could you think of more ways ? 你能想出更多的方法来保护文化遗产吗？ 【答案】to protect cultural heritages 【详解】考查非谓语动词。表示“保护”应用protect，修饰名词ways，需用动词不定式作后置定语；表示“文化遗产”应用复数名词短语cultural heritages。故填to protect cultural heritages。 11．But this makes others, especially educators, worry that we are losing the ability . 但是这使得一些人，尤其是教育工作者，担心我们正在失去使用书面语甚至口语来正确沟通的能力。 【答案】to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word 【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“正确沟通”为communicate properly，副词properly修饰动词作状语，此处名词ability后跟不定式作后置定语；表示“使用书面语甚至口语”应用use the written word, or even the spoken word，与we构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式。故填to communicate properly using the written word, or even the spoken word。 Ⅲ 句型转换 1．We arrived at the stadium. We found that the game had been cancelled. 【答案】We arrived at the stadium only to find that the game had been cancelled. 【详解】考查不定式作结果状语。句意：我们到了体育馆却发现比赛已经被取消了。“发现比赛已经被取消了”是一个意料之外的结果，可用only to do作结果状语，逻辑主语we和find之间是主动关系，用不定式的一般式。故改写为：We arrived at the stadium only to find that the game had been cancelled. 2．The ball is small enough. It fits into most sports bags. 【答案】The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个球很小，可以装进大多数的运动包里。根据题目要求将两个句子用不定式改写，可用“形容词 + enough + to do sth.”结构，表示 “足够小以至于能够装进大多数运动包”，其中用不定式来引导结果。故答案为The ball is small enough to fit into most sports bags. 3．The rules of the game are so simple. They make the game easy to play. 【答案】The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：游戏的规则很简单，所以很容易玩。根据题目要求将两个句子用不定式改写，可用“形容词 + enough + to do sth.”结构，表示 “游戏规则足够简单以至于能让游戏容易玩”，其中用不定式“to make”来引导结果。故答案为The rules of the game are simple enough to make the game easy to play. 4．You are so young that you can’t learn to drive. You are to drive. You are learn to drive. 【答案】 too young to learn not old enough to 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：你太年轻了，还不能学开车。表示“太……以至于不能……”可以用too...to...，其中不定式作结果状语，所以第一个句子改写为You are too young to learn to drive。也可以用(not)+... enough to do表示，其中不定式作结果状语，所以，第二个句子改写为You are not old enough to learn to drive，故填①too；②young；③to； ④learn；⑤not；⑥old； ⑦enough ；⑧to。 5．Tom got to the station but was told that the train had gone. Tom got to the station that the train had gone. 【答案】 only to be told 【详解】考查不定式。句意：汤姆到了车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。表示出乎意料的结果可以用only to do，tell和主语Tom之间是被动关系，所以用不定式的被动语态，故填only；to；be；told。 6．He studied so hard that he could pass the examination. He studied so hard the examination. He studied hard the examination. 【答案】 as to pass enough to pass 【详解】考查固定句型。句意：他学习如此努力，他能通过考试。原句中的so...that意义为“如此……以致……”，that引导的是结构状语从句，可以用so...as to“如此……以至于”改写为He studied so hard as to pass the examination.；也可以用enough to do“足够……以致能”改写为He studied hard enough to pass the examination，故填①as；②to；③pass；④enough；⑤to；⑥pass。 7．The footballer has a dream. He wants to play for a top team. 【答案】The footballer has a dream to play for a top team. 【详解】考查不定式。句意：这位足球运动员有一个梦想。他想为顶级球队效力。根据要求可知，可改写为The footballer has a dream to play for a top team，其中to play for a top team为不定式短语，在本句中作后置定语。故填The footballer has a dream to play for a top team. 8．Give me a list of the teams. They can enter the competition. 【答案】Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition. 【详解】考查句型转换。句意：给我一份球队名单。他们可以参加比赛。根据要求可改写为Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition，其中to enter the competition为不定式短语，在本句中作定语修饰前面名词the teams。故填Give me a list of the teams to enter the competition. 9．Frank became the first one in this team who was admitted into the national team.   Frank became the first one in this team into the national team. 【答案】 to be admitted 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：弗兰克成为了这支球队中第一个进入国家队的球员。admit和one是被动关系，且one前有序数词修饰，应用动词不定式的被动式作后置定语，故填①to②be③adimtted。 10．The experts who will be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad. 【答案】The experts to be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad. 【详解】考查不定式和被动语态。句意：应邀参加会议的专家是来自国内外的教授。who will be invited to the meeting是who引导的限制性定语从句，作experts的后置定语，由will be invited可知，是将来被邀请，因此用不定式的被动语态to be invited作experts的后置定语，因此句子改写为The experts to be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad，故答案为The experts to be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad. 11．The next train which is going to arrive is Shanghai-bound. → 【答案】The next train to arrive is Shanghai-bound. 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：下一班到达的列车是开往上海的。原句使用的是which引导的定语从句修饰先行词the next train，同时句子使用的是一般将来时。此处可以将定语从句替换为不定式结构，表示即将发生的事作后置定语。故答案为The next train to arrive is Shanghai-bound. 12．In 2012, Liu Yang became China’s first female astronaut who travelled into space. In 2012, Liu Yang became China’s first female astronaut . 【答案】 to travel into space 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：2012年，刘洋成为中国第一位进入太空的女航天员。分析句子结构可知，原句为定语从句，改写后的句子中，名词前有序数词时，应该替换为不定式形式作定语，定语从句中的动作为travel into space，转换为不定式应为to travel into space。故填①to②travel③into④space。 13．His eagerness that he wanted to get back home was quite obvious. →His eagerness was quite obvious. 【答案】to get back home 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他想回家的急切心情是显而易见的。根据题干要求进行同义句转换，句中was为谓语动词，设空处使用非谓语动词，此处使用不定式结构作后置定语，表示“去做某事”，故用to get back home。故填to get back home。 14．The little girl was the only one who survived the plane crash. →The little girl was the only one to the plane crash. 【答案】survive 【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这个小女孩是那次飞机失事的唯一幸存者。根据题干要求进行同义句转换，句中was为谓语动词，故使用不定式结构作后置定语，survey为动词，意为“存活”，由不定式to可知，此处应用动词原形，故填survive。 15．To tell you the truth, I take yoga classes simply because I want to stay in shape. (...my purpose...) 【答案】To tell you the truth, my purpose to take yoga classes is to stay in shape. 【详解】考查动词不定式。句意：说实话，我上瑜伽课只是因为我想保持身材。（说实话，我上瑜伽课的目的是为了保持身材。）分析可知，所给英语句子意为“说实话，我上瑜伽课只是因为我想保持身材”，即“说实话，我上瑜伽课的目的是要保持身材”，结合所给提示词和要求可知，可用“my purpose to do”表达“做某事的目的…”，作句子主语，不定式作后置定语，“is”为系动词，“to stay in shape”为不定式作表语。故填：To tell you the truth, my purpose to take yoga classes is to stay in shape. Ⅲ.翻译 1．Jane对那封信是如此的好奇以至于她提前读了它。(be curious about; so … as to …) 【答案】Jane was so curious about the letter as to read it in advance. 【详解】考查短语、固定句型和时态。主语为Jane；表示“对……好奇”短语为be curious about，后跟the letter作宾语；表示“如此……以至于”句型为so…as to，其中不定式作结果状语；表示“阅读”用动词read；表示“提前”短语为in advance。发生在过去用一般过去时。故翻译为Jane was so curious about the letter as to read it in advance. 2．Edith激动得说不出话。 【答案】Edith was too excited to speak. 【详解】考查形容词、too...to...结构和时态。人名“Edith”直接作主语；“激动得说不出话”可以理解为“太激动而说不出话”，可以用“too...to...”结构表示，意为“太……以致不能……”，“太激动”用too excited作表语，前面添加系动词was，讲述过去的事情用一般过去时态，结果状语“说不出话”用不定式短语to speak。综上，全句译为：Edith was too excited to speak. 3．他尝试了不同的方法去寻找失踪的男孩，却发现他的尝试都没有成功。 (only) 【答案】He tried different ways to find the missing boy, only to find that none of his attempts succeeded. 【详解】考查非谓语动词和短语。主语为he；表示“尝试”应用动词try；表示“不同的方法去寻找失踪的男孩”翻译为different ways to find the missing boy；表示“结果发现……”应用only to do sth.，不定式结果状语；表示“发现他的尝试都没有成功”翻译为find that none of his attempts succeeded，that引导宾语从句，结合句意，该句描述的为过去发生的事情，所以谓语动词为一般过去时。故翻译为He tried different ways to find the missing boy, only to find that none of his attempts succeeded. 4．汪小姐踌躇满志、废寝忘食，想找到一家愿意与她合作的牛仔裤加工厂为其生意注入新鲜活力，不料四处碰壁。 【答案】Miss Wang was ambitious to find a jeans processing plant that was willing to cooperate with her to breathe new life into her business, forgetting all about eating and sleeping, only to be rejected/to be turned down by everyone/everywhere. 【详解】考查固定短语、定语从句、非谓语动词和时态。根据句意以及句子的提示词可知，表示“雄心壮志做某事”应为动词短语be ambitious to do sth.；表示“牛仔裤加工厂”应为名词短语a jeans processing plant；后接关系代词that引导的限制性定语从句对先行词plant进行修饰限定，在该定语从句中，that替代指物的先行词在从句中作主语，表示“愿意做某事”应为动词短语be willing to do sth.；表示“与……合作”应为动词短语cooperate with；后接动词不定式to do作目的状语；表示“为她的生意注入新的活力”应为动词短语breathe new life into her business；后接非谓语动词作状语，表示“废寝忘食”应为动词短语forget all about eating and sleeping，此处forget和逻辑主语Miss Wang为主动关系，所以为现在分词形式；后接only+动词不定式to do作结果状语，表示出乎意料的结果，表示“四处碰壁”可用动词短语be rejected by everyone/everywhere / be turned down by everyone/everywhere (被所有人拒绝/任何地方)翻译；结合句意可知，该句应为陈述过去发生的事情，为一般过去时。故翻译为：Miss Wang was ambitious to find a jeans processing plant that was willing to cooperate with her to breathe new life into her business, forgetting all about eating and sleeping, only to be rejected/to be turned down by everyone/everywhere. 5．那些对当地风貌期望过高的游客大老远来到山区，却发现曾经延伸到地平线的森林全都消失不见了。（expect） 【答案】Tourists who expected too much from the local scene came all the way to the mountains, only to find that the forests that once stretched to the horizon had disappeared. 【详解】考查时态、动词不定式和定语从句。表示“游客”应用tourists，表示“对当地风貌期望过高”应用expect too much from the local scene，在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为tourists，所以应用关系代词who。从句中描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。表示“大老远来到山区”应用come all the way to the mountains，此处描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。表示“却发现”应用only to find，此处用动词不定式only to do表示意料之外的结果。宾语从句中不缺少主语、宾语或表语，且不缺少意义，所以应用从属连词that。表示“森林”应用forest，“曾经延伸到地平线的”处理为修饰forest的定语从句，在定语从句中缺少主语，且先行词为forest，所以应用关系代词that，表示“延伸到地平线”应用stretch to the horizon，定语从句中描述过去的事情，应用一般过去时。表示“消失”应用动词disappear，此处强调动作发生在过去之前，所以应用过去完成时。再结合其它汉语意思，故翻译为Tourists who expected too much from the local scene came all the way to the mountains, only to find that the forests that once stretched to the horizon had disappeared. 6．一起做饭给了我们一个放松和了解彼此生活的机会。 【答案】Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and catch up on each other’s days. 【详解】考查动词时态和非谓语动词。表示“一起做饭”应用cook together，此处使用动名词形式作主语；表示“给某人某物”应用give sb sth，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为动名词短语，谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式；表示“我们”应用us；表示“一个机会”应用a chance；表示“放松和了解彼此的生活”应用relax and catch up on each other’s days，此处为动词不定式作后置定语。故翻译成：Cooking together gives us a chance to relax and catch up on each other’s days.。 7．家庭聚餐是庆祝春节的一个重要传统。(汉译英) 【答案】A family dinner is an important tradition to celebrate Spring Festival. 【详解】考查动词时态。表示“家庭聚餐”应用a family dinner；表示“是”应用be，陈述客观事实，使用一般现在时，主语为单数名词，be动词用is；表示“一个重要传统”应用an important tradition；表示“庆祝春节”应用celebrate Spring Festival，此处为动词不定式作后置定语，修饰名词tradition。故翻译成：A family dinner is an important tradition to celebrate Spring Festival.。 8．我们学校想了很多有效的方法来全力保护学生眼睛。（go to great lengths to do） 【答案】Our school has come up with many effective ways to go to great lengths to protect students’ eyes. 【详解】考查时态、固定短语和非谓语动词。表示“我们学校”用our school，作主语，句首单词首字母大写。表示“想出”用come up with，表示已经完成的动作，时态用现在完成时，主语为第三人称单数，助动词用has。way to do sth.“做某事的方法”，表示“很多有效的方法”用many effective ways to do sth.，作宾语。表示“竭尽全力去做某事”用go to great lengths to do sth.，用不定式作ways的定语。表示“保护学生眼睛”用protect students’ eyes，用不定式，作目的状语。故翻译为：Our school has come up with many effective ways to go to great lengths to protect students’ eyes. 9．全体学生都要准时参加明天举办的会议。 (attend、to do表将来) 【答案】All the students must attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 【详解】考查动词、时态和不定式表将来。主语“全体学生”用all the students，谓语“要参加”用情态动词must加动词原形attend，宾语“会议”用名词meeting，“明天举办的”作定语，用不定式短语to be held tomorrow作后置定语，动词hold (举行) 与其逻辑主语meeting之间是被动关系，用被动式。综上，全句译为：All the students must attend the meeting to be held tomorrow. 10．减少压力的一个好方法就是与你的朋友聊聊感受。(reduce stress) 【答案】A good way to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with your friends. 【详解】考查固定短语。表示“……的好方法”短语为a good way to do sth.，不定式作后置定语；表示“减少压力”短语为reduce stress；表示“与你的朋友聊聊感受”可用短语talk about sth. with sb.，故翻译为talk about feelings with your friends，此处应用不定式作表语，说明主语的内容。陈述事实为一般现在时。故翻译为A good way to reduce stress is to talk about feelings with your friends. ( 1 / 15 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 2 Natural disasters (译林版2020必修第三册) 单元语法多题型综合练（动词不定式作定语和结果状语） Ⅰ.单句语法填空 1．Sometimes even our short-term memory can let us down. Have you ever gone into a room to fetch something, only (forget) what you wanted when you got there? This is called “The Doorway Effect”. 2．After the meeting, they parted company, never (see) each other. 3．I ran to the school, only (inform) that I wasn’t admitted by Peking University. 4．He hurried to the station, only (find) the train gone. 5．Your argument is too weak (persuade) me. 6．Would you be so kind as (do) me a favor, please? 7．“It’s good to know there’s still someone out there who cares enough (go) to that kind of trouble,” says Lisa of Ehlers’ rescue effort. 8．It is fun enough (attract) millions of people. 9．She walked too slowly (get) there on time. 10．The mission is difficult enough (require) careful planning. 11．He ran all the way to the station only (find) the train had left. 12．I was too weak (go) to school so my education suffered. 13．We arrived at the stadium, only (find) that the game had been cancelled. 14．I was 19 and too young (know) much about life. 15．Lucy rushed to the school, only (find) that it was Saturday. 16．The Yangtze River Protection Law, talking effect on March 1st, 2021, ensures that people can benefit from it for centuries (come). 17．The birds, usually around 10 to 15 in number, (gather) around her before she even had a chance (take) the bag of rice out from her handbag. 18．I am very busy. I have a very difficult problem (work) out. 19．After she completes the project, she’ll have nothing （worry）about. 20．When you plan an exercise routine, the first thing (consider) is what you expect to improve: heart and lung efficiency, muscle strength or flexibility. 21．My deskmate is always the first (arrive) at school and the last (leave). 22．In the meeting, all the workers agreed to adopt a new idea (reform) the factory. 23．He made a promise (come) here on time. 24．World War I had broken out months before, but British and German soldiers put down their guns and played football together — one moment of peace (remember) during years of conflict. 25．What’s more, football has become one of the best ways for people (communicate): it does not require words, but everyone understands it. 26．That football is such a simple game (play) is perhaps the basis of its popularity. 27．I have something important (tell) you about the space project. 28．The first person (reach) the moon was Neil Armstrong. 29．Do you have anything (say) for yourself? 30．The best way (solve) the problem is to ask for help. Ⅱ.完成句子 1．He hurried to the station only . 他匆忙赶到车站，却被告知火车已经开走了。 2．He was strong enough . 他足够强壮能搬起石头。 3．Sometimes I’m busy go online. 有时我太忙了，不能上网。 4．She was when she heard the news. 当她听到这个消息时激动得说不出话来。 5．I’m nervous pay attention when he introduced himself. 我太紧张了，以至于他自我介绍时我没注意。 6．我把它当作一次学习新技能的机会。 I an opportunity to fresh skills. 7． They have a major in maintaining air and water quality. 他们在保持空气和水的质量方面起了举足轻重的作用。 8．She finally a famous dancer. 她最终实现了自己的夙愿，成了著名的舞蹈家。 9． My son told me gladly that he was the third person and the only one . 我儿子高兴地对我说他是他们班第三个完成作业并且唯一得满分的人。 10．Could you think of more ways ? 你能想出更多的方法来保护文化遗产吗？ 11．But this makes others, especially educators, worry that we are losing the ability . 但是这使得一些人，尤其是教育工作者，担心我们正在失去使用书面语甚至口语来正确沟通的能力。 Ⅲ 句型转换 1．We arrived at the stadium. We found that the game had been cancelled. 2．The ball is small enough. It fits into most sports bags. 3．The rules of the game are so simple. They make the game easy to play. 4．You are so young that you can’t learn to drive. You are to drive. You are learn to drive. 5．Tom got to the station but was told that the train had gone. Tom got to the station that the train had gone. 6．He studied so hard that he could pass the examination. He studied so hard the examination. He studied hard the examination. 7．The footballer has a dream. He wants to play for a top team. 8．Give me a list of the teams. They can enter the competition. 9．Frank became the first one in this team who was admitted into the national team.   Frank became the first one in this team into the national team. 10．The experts who will be invited to the meeting are professors from both home and abroad. 11．The next train which is going to arrive is Shanghai-bound. → 12．In 2012, Liu Yang became China’s first female astronaut who travelled into space. In 2012, Liu Yang became China’s first female astronaut . 13．His eagerness that he wanted to get back home was quite obvious. →His eagerness was quite obvious. 14．The little girl was the only one who survived the plane crash. →The little girl was the only one to the plane crash. 15．To tell you the truth, I take yoga classes simply because I want to stay in shape. (...my purpose...) Ⅲ.翻译 1．Jane对那封信是如此的好奇以至于她提前读了它。 2．Edith激动得说不出话。 3．他尝试了不同的方法去寻找失踪的男孩，却发现他的尝试都没有成功。 4．汪小姐踌躇满志、废寝忘食，想找到一家愿意与她合作的牛仔裤加工厂为其生意注入新鲜活力，不料四处碰壁。 5．那些对当地风貌期望过高的游客大老远来到山区，却发现曾经延伸到地平线的森林全都消失不见了。（expect） 6．一起做饭给了我们一个放松和了解彼此生活的机会。 7．家庭聚餐是庆祝春节的一个重要传统。 8．我们学校想了很多有效的方法来全力保护学生眼睛。 9．全体学生都要准时参加明天举办的会议。 10．减少压力的一个好方法就是与你的朋友聊聊感受。 ( 1 / 5 ) 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$