专题02 动词 & 情态动词（讲练）-【上好课】2025年中考英语二轮复习讲练测（安徽专用）

专题02 动词、情态动词 动词是表示人或事物动作和状态的词。按照其语法功能，动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词及情态动词四类。行为动词又叫实义动词，分为及物动词(后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词),不及物动词(本身意义不完整，其后不能接宾语的动词)；系动词(不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语)；助动词(本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语的词，这类词表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问等)；情态动词(本身有一定意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，必须和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度和语气) 一、单项选择 1．（2024·安徽·中考真题）With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, Anhui has so much to ________ tourists. A．guard B．offer C．push D．cost 【答案】B 【详解】句意：安徽有着著名的山脉、湖泊和城镇，可以为游客提供很多。 考查动词辨析。guard保卫；offer提供；push推；cost花费。根据“Anhui has so much to…tourists”可知，此处指安徽可以提供给游客很多美景。故选B。 2．（2022·安徽·中考真题）—You can ________ between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club. —I consider going to the chess club, for I like playing chess better. A．decide B．guess C．hide D．wait 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——你可以决定参加舞蹈俱乐部还是国际象棋俱乐部。——我考虑去象棋俱乐部，因为我更喜欢下棋。 考查动词辨析。decide决定；guess猜；hide隐藏；wait等待。根据“You can...between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club.”可知，是决定参加哪个俱乐部，故选A。 3．（2021·安徽·中考真题）We should ________ the friendship that we have developed in the past years. A．value B．change C．make D．win 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我们应该珍惜我们在过去几年里发展起来的友谊。 考查动词辨析。value珍惜；change改变；make制造；win赢得。根据“the friendship that we have developed in the past years”可知，此处指珍惜友谊，故选A。 4．（2020·安徽·中考真题）— Hi, Jill. I'd like to share with you the latest news about the height of Qomolangma. —Really? Make sure the news is true before you it. A．receive B．spread C．cancel D．hear 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——嗨，吉尔。我想跟你分享关于珠穆朗玛峰高度的最新消息。——真的吗？在你传播这条消息前，要确保它是真的。 考查动词辨析。receive接收；spread传播；cancel取消；hear听到。根据I'd like to share with you the latest news about the height of Qomolangma及Make sure the news is true，可知，吉尔告诉对方，在传播关于珠穆朗玛峰高度这条消息前，要确保它是真的，所以空格处填spread。故选B。 5．（2019·安徽·中考真题）—Hello, Beijing Hotel. Can I help you? —Yes, I'd like to _____ a single room for two nights. A．enter B．move C．book D．provide 【答案】C 【详解】句意：-你好，这里是北京宾馆，我能为你做点什么？-好的，我想要预订一个单人房，住两晚。enter进入；move移动；book预订；provide提供。根据对话的意思可知，这里是给北京宾馆打电话预订房间，故应选C。 6．（2018·安徽·中考真题）——I am afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work. ——Don't worry. I will you then. A．notice B．allow C．remind D．promise 【答案】C 【详解】句意：不要担心，我会提醒你的。A. notice注意到；    B. allow 允许；   C. remind提醒；    D. promise答应；许诺；根据Don't worry可知是会提醒你；故选C 7．（2017·安徽·中考真题）（2017﹒安徽）It is necessary for schools to ____________ the need of all the students’ development. A．cut B．hide C．refuse D．satisfy 【答案】D 【详解】句意：对于学校们来说满足所有学生的发展需求是必要的。cut切割，削减；hide躲藏；refuse拒绝；satisfy满足。根据句意the need of…可知，这里是满足学生的需求，故应选D。 8．（2016·安徽·中考真题）For our own safety, it’s important to ________ the traffic rules on the way to school. A．follow B．change C．make D．break 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了我们自己的安全，在上学的路上遵守交通规则是重要的。 考查动词辨析。follow跟随，遵守；change改变，变化；make制作，使；break打碎，弄破。根据“For our own safety, it’s important to...the traffic rules...”可知，为了安全，应该是要遵守交通规则。故选A。 9．（2015·安徽·中考真题） Dreams are beautiful. However, to ______ them needs lots of time and work. A．discover B．find C．achieve D．stop 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：梦想是美好的。然而，实现梦想需要付出时间和努力。A. discover发现；B. find找到；C. achieve实现； D. stop阻止。这里them指的是梦想，根据句意，故选C。 考点：考查动词词义辨析。 10．（2014·安徽·中考真题） He is an honest boy. I have no reason to _______ what he said. A．hear B．doubt C．repeat D．believe 【答案】B 【详解】试题分析：考查动词辨析。hear听; doubt怀疑; repeat重复; believe相信。根据句意“他是一个诚实的男孩。我没有理由去 他说的话”可知选B。 11．（2014·安徽·中考真题）I don’t _______ the heat, for I’m used to hot weather. A．like B．mind C．know D．stand 【答案】B 【详解】句意：我不介意这个热度，因为我已经习惯了热的天气。 考查动词辨析。like喜欢；mind介意；know知道；stand忍受，承受。根据“for I’m used to hot weather”可知，是不介意这个热度。故选B。 12．（2013·安徽·中考真题）It is helpful to ________ a good habit of reading in language learning. A．take B．show C．develop D．match 【答案】C 【详解】句意：形成好的阅读习惯对语言的学习很有帮助。 考查动词辨析。take带走；show展现；match匹配；develop发展，形成，短语develop a habit 形成习惯；故选C。 13．（2013·安徽·中考真题）I will meet Jane at the station. Please________ what time she will arrive. A．count B．choose C．check D．catch 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我要去车站接简。请检查一下他什么时间到达。count计算，数；choose选择；check检查，核对；catch赶上，抓住。结合语境可知选C。 14．（2011·安徽合肥·中考真题）We can't do listening practice today, for Miss Zhao's tape-recorder doesn't ________. A．act B．do C．serve D．work 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们今天不能做听力练习，因为赵小姐的录音机坏了。 考查动词辨析。 A.act行动；B.do做；C.serve服务；D.work运行，结合句意可知不能做听力练习的原因是录音机坏了，也就是不工作了，故选D。 15．（2010·安徽·中考真题）—What will the weather be like tomorrow? —It ________ be sunny, cloudy or windy. Who knows! A．must B．might C．shall D．should 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——明天天气会怎么样？——可能是晴天，多云或刮风。谁知道！ 考查情态动词用法。must必须，一定；might可能；shall将要；should应该。根据“Who knows”可知明天下雨，多云或晴天都是有可能的，might表示可能性，故选B。 16．（2019·安徽·中考真题）The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _____ worry about its weight. A．must B．may C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：设计者已经尝试了所有可能的方法使机器变轻，所以你不必担心它的重量。must必须；一定；may可以；可能；can’t不能；不可能；needn’t不必，没有必要。根据句意The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light可知，设计者在努力使机器变轻，所以担心是没有必要的。故应选D。 17．（2018·安徽·中考真题）——May I watch TV, Dad? ——When your homework is finished, you ______ A．should B．can C．must D．need 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——我可以看电视吗，爸爸？——当你的作业完成的时候，你能看。A. should 应该；   B. can 能；   C. must 必须；   D. need需要；根据May I watch TV, Dad?肯定回答用can；故选B 点睛：can能，会 can’t不能，不可能，通常用于否定句的推测；should应该，shouldn’t不应该；may可以，可能，通常用于肯定句的推测，  may not可能不；must必须，一定  mustn’t必须不能。情态动词后接动词原形，变疑问句时把情态动词提前，变否定句在情态动词后加not 。must引导的一般疑问句，表示必须时，否定回答用needn’t；may引导的一般疑问句，否定回答用can’t 18．（2017·安徽·中考真题）一Mom, I've signed for the box.  What's in it? 一I'm not sure.  It be a present from your uncle. A．need B．must C．may D．will 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：--妈妈，我已经为这个盒子签字了。它里面是什么？--我不确定。它可能是你叔叔给的礼物。 A. need 需要； B. must表示猜测时意思是“肯定，一定”，猜测的把握比较大；C. may表示猜测意为“可能”，猜测的把握比较小；D. will将来。根据I’m not sure.，可知猜测把握小，故选C。 考点：考查情态动词的用法。 19．（2015·安徽·中考真题） –Do you have any plans for this Sunday? --I’m not sure. I ______ go to the countryside to see my grandmother. A．can B．must C．may D．need 【答案】C 【详解】——对于这个周日你有什么计划？——我不知道，我也许去乡下看望我的祖母。考查情态动词表推测。A. can表示猜测，经常用于否定句意，意思是“一定不是……”； B. must肯定，表示把握大的猜测； C. may 可能，也许，猜测的把握小；D. need需要。根据上句还没有确定，可知说话的把握小，故选C。 20．（2016·安徽·中考真题） Please don’t make so much noise. I hear the speaker very well. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：请不要发出那么多的声响。我不能很好的听到演讲者讲话。A. needn’t不必，不需要；B. mustn’t千万别，一定不要，表示禁止的意思；C. can’t 不能；D. shouldn’t不应该。结合句意，可知是不能听到演讲者讲话，故选C。 考点：考查情态动词辨析。 21．（2015·安徽·中考真题）The running water makes the stones ______ very smooth. A．sound B．taste C．smell D．feel 【答案】D 【详解】句意：流水使石头摸起来非常的光滑。 考查动词辨析。sound听起来；taste 尝起来；smell闻起来；feel摸起来，感觉起来。根据句意，可知选D。 22．（2014·安徽·中考真题）Mum, what are you cooking? It ______ so sweet. A．tastes B．feels C．sounds D．smells 【答案】D 【详解】试题分析：A. tastes尝起来；B. feels 感觉起来；C. Sounds听起来；D. Smells闻起来；根据句意; ---妈妈你正在做什么那？闻起来这么香。根据句意故选D 考点：考查系动词的辨析。 23．（2014·安徽·中考真题） —I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours? — Yes, you _______. A．can B．must C．could D．should 【答案】A 【详解】句意：-我忘了带我的字典。我可以用你的吗？-是的，你可以。can能，可以；must 必须；could能，会，是can的过去式；should应该。所以选A。 24．（2013·安徽·中考真题）You __ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous. A．wouldn't B．shouldn't C．couldn't D．mightn't 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你不应该开车这么快。太危险了。考查情态动词。wouldn't不会；shouldn't不应该，表建议；couldn't不能，表不许可； mightn't不可能，表示否定性推测。根据下文It's very dangerous.可知不应该开车这么快，故选B。 25．（2011·安徽芜湖·中考真题）—Must I go through the radiation (辐射) check when I come back from Japan at the airport these days? —Yes, you ______. A．can B．may C．might D．must 【答案】D 【详解】本题考查情态动词。情态动词must意为“必要”时，引导的问句的肯定回答用must。 句意：——这些日子当我从日本回来，我必须做辐射检查吗？——是的，你必须。 26．（2011·重庆·中考真题）–Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow?   --Sorry, you ________. A．can’t B．don’t C．needn’t D．won’t 【答案】A 【详解】考查情态动词的用法。问句为“Can…..?”时，否定答语用“…can’t”。句意为“—王先生，我明天完成作业可以吗？—对不起，不行”。故选A。 27．（2011·安徽合肥·中考真题）The food here smells good, but what does it ________ like? A．taste B．touch C．seem D．feel 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这的食物闻起来不错,但是品尝起来怎么样?考查动词辨析。A.品尝；B.触摸；C.好像；D.感觉。根据句意语境，可知BCD三项不合句意，故选A. 一、实义动词 实义动词按其后是否需要接宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词 用法 示例 及物动词 （1）带一个宾语 If you have any questions, you can raise your hands. 你们如果有问题，可以举手。 （2）带双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） 间接宾语常指人，直接宾语常指物 My parents gave me a nice gift on my birthday. 我的父母在我生日那天给了我一份精美的礼物。 （= My parents gave a nice gift to me on my birthday.） I will buy you a new dictionary. 我会给你买一本新词典。 （= I will buy a new dictionary for you.） （3）带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语） Please keep the door open. 请开着门。 Our teachers tell us to study hard. 老师告诉我们要努力学习。 不及物动词 （1）不带宾语 They are running on the playground. 他们正在运动场上跑步。 （2）后加介词+宾语 Please look at the blackboard and listen to me. 请看黑板，听我说。 在实义动词中，中考考题主要考查动词用法的辨异，经常出现在单项选择和完形填空中，是中考一大重要考点。 二、连系动词 常用连系动词 词义 例句 be 是 I’m a girl with short hair. become 成为，变得 Mike becomes interested in Chinese. turn 变得 Mr. White’s face turned red. get 变得 The weather is getting bad. smell 闻起来 The flowers smell nice. sound 听起来 The plan sounds good. taste 尝起来 The soup tastes delicious. stay 保持 The shop stays open till 8 pm. grow 成长，变得 Her hair is growing white. keep 保持 The girl keeps silent all the time. feel 感到，摸起来 The coat feels very soft look 看起来 My mother looks very young. 注意 1.连系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语 2.含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do, does, did等 三、助动词 助动词 用 法 例 句 be be(am, is, are; was, were)+动词的现在分词，用于现在进行时和过去进行时 I am washing my clothes. 我在洗衣服。 What is Tom doing? 汤姆在做什么？ We were watching TV when the alarm went off. 我们正在看电视，突然警报响了。 be(am, is, are; was, were; will be; have/has been)+动词的过去分词，用于被动语态 Is Japanese taught in your school? 你们学校教日语吗？ The building was destroyed in the earthquake. 大楼在地震中被毁。 Where will a new library be built in our city next year? 明年我们城市将在哪里建一座新图书馆？ The task hasn’t been finished yet. 任务还没有完成。 do do(does, did)用于一般现在时和一般过去时 We don’t go to school on weekends. 我们周末不上学。 What time does Jack get up? 杰克什么时候起床？ Did Mary call you this morning? 玛丽早上给你打电话了吗？ have have(has, had)+动词的过去分词，用于现在完成时和过去完成时 I haven’t been there before. 我以前没去过那儿。 Lucy has passed her driving test. 露西已通过了驾驶执照考试。 will/shall will/shall(would/should)+动词原形，用于一般将来时和过去将来时 I will visit the UK next week. 下周我要去英国。 When shall we meet again? 我们什么时候再见面？ He said he would come to see me if he was free. 他说如果他有空就来看我。 四、情态动词 情态动词 用 法 例 句 can和could (1) 表示能力，意为“能；会”，could用作can的过去式 She can drive, but she can’t ride a bike. 她会开车，但不会骑自行车。 She couldn’t speak Chinese when she came to our school last year. 去年她刚来我们学校时还不会说中文。 (2) 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”，两者皆可用，此时的could并不表示过去，只是语气比can更委婉 You can go there now. 你可以现在去那儿。 — Can/Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ — Yes, of course you can. 当然可以。（允许对方时，不可用could应答） (3) 表示客观可能性或推测，意为“可能”，can常用于否定句和疑问句中；could并不表示过去，只是表示可能性小，多用于肯定句和否定句中 The girl in the classroom can’t be Mary. She has gone to the library. 教室里的女孩不可能是玛丽，她去图书馆了。 He could be in London. 他可能在伦敦。 must和 have to (1) must表示“必须”，否定式mustn’t表示“禁止；不准；不允许” I must finish the work today. 我必须今天完成工作。 Cars mustn’t be parked here. 此处禁止停车。 (2) must表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定；准是”，只用于肯定句。在否定句和疑问句中用can’t，表示“不可能” He must be at home. The light is on. 他一定在家，灯亮着呢。 He can’t be at home. He is on business. 他不可能在家，他出差了。 (3) have to意为“必须；不得不”，表示客观实际的需要，有人称和时态的变化；must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要，无人称和时态的变化 If he misses the last bus, he will have to walk home. 如果他错过末班车，他将不得不走回家。（表示客观实际） You must stop smoking. 你必须戒烟。（表示主观意愿） (4) 否定式don’t have to表示“不必”，mustn’t表示“禁止；不准” — Must I finish all the work today? 我必须今天完成全部工作吗？ — Yes, you must. / No, you don’t have to. / No, you needn’t. 是的，必须。/ 不，不必。 You mustn’t stop your car here. 此处禁止停车。 need (1) need作情态动词，意为“需要”，后接动词原形，没有人称、数和时态的变化，常用于疑问句和否定句中。否定式needn’t，意为“不必” It’s Sunday today. You needn’t get up so early. 今天星期天，你不必起得这么早。 Need I post your books to you? 需要我把书寄给你吗？ (2) need作实义动词，意为“需要；有必要”，有人称、数和时态的变化，后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词等 Do you need any help? 你需要帮助吗？ She didn’t need to go to school yesterday. 她昨天不需要去上学。 should和 ought to (1) 表示义务、责任、建议、劝告，意为“应该；应当” Young people should respect old people. 晚辈应该尊重长辈。 You ought to talk with your father about it. 你应该和你的父亲谈谈这件事。 (2) 表示推测，意为“应该；估计” They should be home by now, I think. 我想他们现在总该到家了吧。 It ought to be Tom. 应该是汤姆。 had better 意为“最好”“应该”，后接动词原形，had通常缩略为’d。否定式为had better not You’d better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会儿。 You’d better not go there by yourself. 你最好不要一个人去那里。 used to 意为“过去经常”，后接动词原形 He used to live in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。 Did you use to be a teacher? 你过去是当老师的吗？ They didn’t use to live here. 他们过去没住在这儿。 一、单项选择 1．—I don’t think you can take photos here. Look at that sign! —Sorry, I _________ it just now. A．notice B．will notice C．haven’t noticed D．didn’t notice 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想你不能在这里拍照。看那个标志！——对不起，我刚刚没有注意到。 考查时态。根据“just now”可知，时态为一般过去时，否定句要用didn’t+动词原形，故选D。 2．---Excuse me. You shouldn’t smoke here. Look at the sign “NO SMOKING HERE”. --Sorry, I ________ it just now. A．doesn’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．hadn’t seen 【答案】C 【详解】just now 意思是“刚才”，表示过去的时间，故选C. 3．—Sir, how many bananas do you need? —Three pounds ________ OK. A．are B．were C．is D．was 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——先生，您需要多少香蕉？——三磅就可以了。 考查主谓一致。表示金钱、时间、距离、长度等的复数名词作主语时，一般被看作一个整体，谓语动词常用单数形式。句中主语是“Three pounds”，be动词应该用单数，时态为一般现在时，系动词用is，故选C。 4．—What happened? —Jack phoned me last evening, and his voice ________ strange on the phone. A．looked B．sounded C．tasted D．smelled 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——发生什么了？——杰克昨晚上给我打电话，他的声音在电话里听起来很奇怪。 考查动词词义辨析。looked看上去；sounded听起来；tasted尝起来；smelled闻起来。根据“and his voice … strange on the phone”可知，此处指声音听起来奇怪。故选B。 5．—I want to take a look at that red Qipao. — Good choice!It is beautiful and it ________ soft. A．feels B．smells C．tastes D．looks 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我想去看看那个红旗袍。——好的选择！它很漂亮并且摸起来很柔软。 考查感官动词辨析。feels摸起来；smells闻起来；tastes唱起来；looks看起来。根据soft“柔软的”，是一种触觉感受。故选A。 6．These flowers are colorful, and they __________ very nice. A．smell B．taste C．sound D．feel 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这些花儿色彩艳丽，而且闻起来很香。 考查感官动词词义辨析。smell闻，闻起来；taste尝，尝起来；sound听，听起来；feel感觉，感受到。选项中四个动词均为感官动词，也可用作连系动词。根据题干分析，nice可表示“香的”，这是嗅觉感应，即应该是闻到花香，所以动词smell符合句意。故选A。 7．—Do you like the song You and Me? —Of course. It _______ really beautiful. A．listens B．sounds C．thinks D．hears 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——你喜欢《You and Me》这首歌吗？——当然。它听起来很优美。 考查动词辨析。listens听；sounds听起来；thinks认为；hears听。此空后接形容词beautiful，此空应填连系动词sound，表示“听起来优美”，故选B。 8．—Mary, please try some beef. —-Thanks, it tastes ________. I want more. A．terrible B．well C．good D．awful 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——玛丽，请吃些牛肉。——谢谢。它品尝起来很美味。我想要更多。 考查形容词。terrible糟糕，可怕的；well好地；good好的；awful糟糕。根据“I want more ”可知表达“品尝起来很美味”，用形容词“good”做表语。故选C。 9．The strawberries ________ fresh and taste even better. A．feel B．look C．sound D．get 【答案】B 【详解】句意：这些草莓看起来更新鲜，吃起来更美味。 考查感官动词辨析。feel感觉起来；look看起来；sound听起来；get变得。根据“fresh”可知，应该是看起来很新鲜。故选B。 10．—Do you know the song Where has the time gone? —Yes. It ________ beautiful. I like it very much. A．smells B．tastes C．sounds D．looks 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你知道《时间去哪儿了》这首歌吗？——是的。这首歌听起来很好听。我非常喜欢。 考查感官系动词。smells闻起来；tastes尝起来；sounds听起来；looks看起来。根据song“歌曲”，所以应用sound，表示听起来，故选C。 11．If you can ________ what you have and do something to help others, you will find your life is full of pleasure. A．count B．value C．regret D．fix 【答案】B 【详解】句意：如果你能珍惜你所拥有的，做一些事情来帮助别人，你会发现你的生活充满了乐趣。 考查动词辨析。count数数；value珍惜；regret后悔；fix修理。根据"what you have and do something to help others可知，此处指珍惜你所拥有的东西。故选B。 12．The old man asked his son to find some treasure by drawing a map to ________ him. A．guide B．order C．force D．fight 【答案】A 【详解】句意：老人让他的儿子画一张地图给他指路，找到一些宝藏。 考查动词辨析。guide指导；order命令；force强迫；fight打斗。根据“asked his son to find some treasure”可知画地图指导找宝藏。故选A。 13．This kind of Huawei Watch _________ David’s daily needs. He wears it all the time. A．meets B．hides C．carries D．brings 【答案】A 【详解】句意：这款华为手表符合大卫的日常需求。他一直戴着它。 考查动词辨析。meets满足；hides隐藏；carries携带；brings带来。根据“This kind of Huawei Watch … David’s daily needs”可推出是满足大卫的日常需求。故选A。 14．Whenever I ________ difficulties, my classmates always offer to help me. A．hide B．meet C．miss D．accept 【答案】B 【详解】句意：每当我遇到困难，我的同学总是主动帮助我。 考查动词辨析。hide隐藏；meet遇见；miss错过；accept接受。根据“Whenever I…difficulties,”可知，此处指“遇到困难”，动词meet符合题意。故选B。 15．—It seems that the number of the new energy car has ________ a lot in China. —Exactly. China is making great efforts in developing the new energy industry. A．invented B．invited C．introduced D．increased 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——在中国，新能源汽车的数量似乎增加了很多。——确实是的。中国正在大力发展新能源产业。 考查动词辨析。invented发明；invited邀请；introduced介绍；increased增加。根据“China is making great efforts in developing the new energy industry.”可知，新能源汽车的数量“增加了”很多。故选D。 16．To build a beautiful homeland, everyone needs to _________ the rules of respecting and protecting nature. A．make B．compare C．follow D．refuse 【答案】C 【详解】句意：建设美丽家园，人人都要遵守尊重自然、保护自然的原则。 考查动词辨析。make制作；compare比较；follow遵循；refuse拒绝。根据“the rules of respecting and protecting nature.”可知，是要遵守尊重自然、保护自然的原则。故选C。 17．It’s reported that the heavy sand storm has ______ great trouble for the local people. A．solved B．avoided C．discovered D．caused 【答案】D 【详解】句意：据报道，这场强沙尘暴给当地人民带来了很大的麻烦。 考查动词辨析。solve解决；avoid避免；discover发现；cause引起。根据“the heavy sand storm has...great trouble for the local people.”可知，沙尘暴给当地人民带来了麻烦。故选D。 18．—We are going to take a trip to Kunming this summer vacation. Can you go with us? —It must cost a lot. I’m afraid I can’t ________ it at present. A．afford B．cancel C．mention D．overcome 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——这个暑假我们打算去昆明旅行。你能和我们一起去吗？——那一定很贵。恐怕我目前负担不起。 考查动词辨析。afford付得起、承担得起；cancel取消；mention提起；overcome战胜。根据“It must cost a lot”可知，太贵了，目前负担不起。故选A。 19．It’s useful to ________ the latest technology into schools. A．change B．break C．introduce D．divide 【答案】C 【详解】句意：把最新的技术引进学校是有用的。 考查动词辨析。change改变；break打破；introduce引进；divide分离。由“It’s useful to…the latest technology into schools”可知，此处指引进新技术。故选C。 20．—I want to play with mom’s mobile phone. Do you know where it is? —No. She ________ it somewhere at home yesterday. I couldn’t find it. A．threw B．sold C．burnt D．hid 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——我想玩妈妈的手机。你知道它在哪里吗？——不知道。她昨天把它藏在家里的某个地方。我找不到它。 考查动词辨析。threw扔；sold卖；burnt燃烧；hid藏。根据“it somewhere at home yesterday. I couldn’t find it.”可知把手机藏起来了，所以找不到。故选D。 21．—My father speaks very slowly to _______ us in our home to what he will say. —In fact, he just wants to think about our feelings. He is really a good father. A．care B．repeat C．weigh D．change 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我父亲说话很慢，在家里斟酌他会说什么。——事实上，他只是想考虑我们的感受。他真是个好父亲。 考查动词辨析。care关心；repeat重复；weigh斟酌；change改变。根据“My father speaks very slowly”可知他在斟酌要说什么，所以说话很慢。故选C。 22．These sports courses are great to improve students’ strength and ________ their bodies. A．raise B．compare C．shape D．spread 【答案】C 【详解】句意：这些运动课程对提高学生的力量和塑造他们的身体非常有益。 考查动词词义辨析。raise提高，举起，抚养，筹款；compare比较，对比；shape 塑造；spread传播。根据“These sports courses…their bodies.”可知是塑造身体。故选C。 23．—Family and friends are always there for us when we are in trouble. —And that’s why we should ________ them. A．answer B．refuse C．influence D．value 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——当我们遇到困难时，家人和朋友总是在我们身边。——这就是为什么我们应该珍视他们。 考查动词辨析。answer回答；refuse拒绝；influence影响；value珍视。根据“Family and friends are always there for us when we are in trouble.”可知，我们要珍视家人和朋友，故选D。 24．—What about looking at what we’ve learned before doing our homework? We can ask each other questions to check our understanding. —Great idea! It is a good habit to ________ our lessons in time! A．review B．design C．mix D．cancel 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——做作业前先看看我们学过的东西怎么样？我们可以互相提问来检查我们的理解。——好主意，及时复习是一个好习惯！ 考查动词辨析。review复习；design设计；mix混合；cancel取消。根据“What about looking at what we’ve learned before doing our homework”可知做作业之前看今天学到的内容，这是对我们功课的复习。故选A。 25．—According to reports, the strong earthquakes in Turkey (土耳其) ________ many people so far. —What bad news! But I’m proud that China rescue team rushed to help them at once. A．killed B．are helped C．have killed   D．have helped 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——据报道，土耳其强震至今已造成多人死亡。——多坏的消息！但我感到骄傲的是，中国救援队立即赶来帮助他们。 考查动词辨析和时态。kill杀死；help帮助。根据“the strong earthquakes in Turkey (土耳其)...many people so far.”可知，地震造成了许多人死亡，且由so far可知是现在完成时“have+过去分词”。故选C。 26．—Some children in poor areas read a little because they can’t ________ to buy books. —Quite right. Let’s collect some second-hand ones for them. A．affect B．afford C．increase D．lead 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——一些贫困地区的孩子读书很少，因为他们买不起书。——很对。让我们为他们收集一些二手书。 考查动词辨析。affect影响；afford买得起；increase增加；lead引领。根据“Some children in poor areas read a little because they can’t...to buy books.”可知贫困地区孩子读书少，因为他们买不起书。故选B。 27．Too much traffic may ________ traffic jam. A．happen B．connect C．lead D．cause 【答案】D 【详解】句意：太多的车辆可能会造成交通堵塞。 考查动词辨析。happen发生；connect连接；lead导致；cause造成。横线后的交通堵塞是造成的结果，所以是cause。故选D。 28．—Excuse me, could I take the book out of the school library? —Yes, you can. But you need to ________ on the form. A．sign B．mark C．check D．draw 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——对不起，我能把这本书从学校图书馆带出来吗？  ——是的，你可以。但你需要在表格上签字。 考查动词辨析。sign标记，签字；mark做记号；check检查；draw画画。根据“could I take the book out of the school library?”可知图书馆中的书需要在表格上签字后带出，故选A。 29．—We’re going to take a trip to Kunming next month. Would you like to join us? —I’d love to, but it must cost a lot. I’m afraid I can’t ________ it at present. A．afford B．cancel C．mention D．receive 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们下个月打算去昆明旅行。你想加入我们吗？——我很想去，但是一定要花很多钱。恐怕我目前负担不起。 考查动词辨析。afford付得起；cancel取消；mention提到；receive收到。根据“it must cost a lot. I’m afraid I can’t...it at present.”可知，是指现在付不起去昆明旅游的钱。故选A。 30．—It’s important to ________ what we have learnt with our life. —You are right. We can really learn a lot from it. A．connect B．compare C．review D．discover 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——把我们所学到的东西和我们的生活联系起来是很重要的。——你说得对。我们可以从中学到很多东西。 考查动词辨析。connect使……连接，把……联系起来；compare对比；review复习；discover发现。根据“…what we have learnt with our life”可知，此处是指将所学的东西与生活“联系起来”，connect with“与……连接/联系”符合语境。故选A。 31．Chances ________ everywhere and only careful people can find them. A．hide B．decide C．guess D．cause 【答案】A 【详解】句意：机会无处不在，只有细心的人才能发现。 考查动词辨析。hide隐藏；decide决定；guess猜；cause造成。根据“Chances...everywhere and only careful people can find them.”可知，机会无处不在，故选A。 32．—Should we always ________ the crowd? —No, sometimes the right way is the one you make by yourself. A．follow B．push C．respect D．separate 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们应该一直跟从大众吗？——不，有时正确的道路是你自己选择的。 考查动词辨析。follow追随；push推；respect尊重；separate分离。根据“sometimes the right way is the one you make by yourself”可知，不能一直跟从大众。故选A。 33．People often plant plenty of trees to ______ the soil running off and protect the environment. A．avoid B．move C．break D．increase 【答案】A 【详解】句意：人们经常种植大量的树木，以避免土壤流失，保护环境。 考查动词辨析。avoid避免；move移动；break打破；increase增加。根据“People often plant plenty of trees to...the soil running off ”可知，种植大量的树木是为了避免土壤流失。故选A。 34．—We should ________ rubbish into different groups to protect the environment. —I can’t agree more. Let’s look through the Internet to learn how to do that. A．control B．support C．translate D．divide 【答案】D 【详解】句意：——为了保护环境，我们应该把垃圾分成不同的组。——我完全同意。让我们通过互联网来学习如何做到这一点吧。 考查动词词义辨析。control控制；support支持；translate翻译；divide分。根据“to protect the environment”及常识可知，此处指垃圾分类。故选D。 35．To keep healthy in the flu season, you should ________ touching your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands. A．practice B．consider C．avoid D．suggest 【答案】C 【详解】句意：为了在流感季节保持健康，你应该在洗手前避免接触眼睛、鼻子和嘴巴。 考查动词辨析。practice练习；consider认为；avoid避免；suggest建议。根据“To keep healthy in the flu season, you should…touching your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands.”可知，流感季节洗手前，应避免接触眼睛”。故选C。 36．Sarah always ________ others’ trust through her honest words and actions. A．loses B．wins C．hides D．tries 【答案】B 【详解】句意：萨拉总是通过诚实的言行赢得别人的信任。 考查动词辨析。loses失去；wins赢；hides隐藏；tries尝试。根据“others’ trust through her honest words and actions.”可知是通过诚实的言行赢得别人的信任。故选B。 37．—Many people plan to visit the Yellow Mountain in summer holiday. —Yes. To get a room in hotels, you should ________ one before your trip. A．protect B．book C．repair D．explore 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——很多人计划在假期参观黄山。——是的。要在酒店获得一个房间，您应该在旅行前预订。 考查动词辨析。protect保护；book预定；repair修理；explore探索。根据“To get a room in hotels, you should…one”可知，此处指的是预定房间。故选B。 38．—Mum, I couldn’t follow what you said. Could you speak a little more slowly? —Sorry. I thought you could ________ me well. A．hug B．believe C．catch D．praise 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——妈妈，我听不懂你说的话。你能说慢一点吗？——对不起。我以为你能理解我。 考查动词辨析。hug拥抱；believe相信；catch理解；praise赞扬。根据“Could you speak a little more slowly?”和“I thought you could...me well.”可知，以为孩子能理解，故选C。 39．—Although Tom doesn’t do well in his studies, he seems to ________ when he loses himself in painting. —Yeah, everyone has his advantages. A．fail B．share C．shine D．fall 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——虽然汤姆学习不好，但是当他沉浸在绘画中时，他好像很闪亮。 ——是的，每个人都有他的优势。 考查动词辨析。fail失败；share分享；shine发光闪亮；fall落下。根据“he seems to...when he loses himself in painting”可知，当他沉浸在绘画中时，他好像很闪亮。故选C。 40．Many college student volunteers are trying their best to help farmers to ________ product sales online. A．improve B．compare C．afford D．support 【答案】A 【详解】句意：许多大学生志愿者正尽力帮助农民提高产品的网上销量。 考查动词辨析。improve提高；compare比较；afford买得起；support支持。根据“...are trying their best to help farmers to...product sales online.”可知，他们是帮助农民提高产品的网上销售，故选A。 41．Jenny finally got the job because she ________ speak English well. A．might B．must C．could D．need 【答案】C 【详解】句意：珍妮终于得到了那份工作，因为她英语说得很好。 考查情态动词。might可能；must必须；could能，会；need需要。根据“...speak English well”可知，此处表示她具有讲好英语的能力，故选C。 42．I can’t go with you. I ________ stay at home until my parents come back. A．can B．may C．must D．could 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我不能和你一起去。我必须待在家里直到我父母回来。 考查情态动词。can能；may可以；must必须；could能。根据“I can’t go with you. I...stay at home until my parents come back.”可知不能一起去，必须要待在家里。故选C。 43．This book ______ belong to John. I saw it fall off his pocket just now. A．could B．might C．couldn’t D．must 【答案】D 【详解】句意：这本书一定是约翰的。我刚才看到它从他的口袋里掉了下来。 考查情态动词。could能；might可能；couldn’t不能；must一定。根据“I saw it fall off his pocket just now.”可知书从他的口袋里掉下来，所以书一定是他的。故选D。 44．You _________ worry about how to solve the problem. I will always be on your side. A．may not B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 【答案】D 【详解】句意：你不必担心如何解决这个问题。我永远在你身边。 考查情态动词。may not可能不；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能；needn’t不必，不需要。根据“I will always be on your side.”可知，说话人会帮助对方，所以安慰对方不必担心。故选D。 45．Readers ________ tell what the characters are like just from looking at them in a comic strip. A．must B．need C．should D．can 【答案】D 【详解】句意：读者只要在连环画中看到人物，就能知道他们是什么样的人。 考查动词辨析。must必须；need需要；should应该；can可以。根据“Readers...tell what the characters are like just from looking at them in a comic strip.”可知，读者可以知道连环画中他们是什么样的人。故选D。 46．________ I borrow your dictionary? I forgot to bring mine to school today. A．Can B．Must C．Should D．Would 【答案】A 【详解】句意：我能借你的字典吗？我今天忘了带我的去学校。 考查情态动词。can可以；must必须；should应该；would将。根据“I borrow your dictionary”可知是询问可以不可以借字典，表示允许用can。故选A。 47．Don’t stay close to the people with flu. You ________ get sick. A．may B．need C．should D．must 【答案】A 【详解】句意：不要靠近流感患者。你可能会生病。 考查情态动词。may可能；need需要；should应该；must必须。根据“Don’t stay close to the people with flu. You...get sick”可知靠近流感患者可能会让人生病。故选A。 48．The traffic is so heavy in the rush hour. You’d better ________ the road conditions ahead of time. A．check B．to check C．checked D．checking 【答案】A 【详解】句意：高峰时间的交通太拥挤了。你最好提前检查一下路况。 考查had better用法。had better do sth.“最好做某事”，所以此处用动词原形。故选A。 49．We ________ know something about the Youth Protection Law so that we can protect ourselves. A．can B．would C．may D．should 【答案】D 【详解】句意：我们应该了解一下《青少年保护法》，这样我们才能保护自己。 考查情态动词。can能；would将；may可能；should应该。根据“know something about the Youth Protection Law so that we can protect ourselves.”可知是应该了解《青少年保护法》，表示建议，应用should。故选D。 50．You ________ take an umbrella. The weather report says it might rain in the evening. A．must B．had better C．need D．may 【答案】B 【详解】句意：你最好带把伞。天气预报说晚上可能会下雨。 考查情态动词。must必须；had better最好；need需要；may可能。根据“take an umbrella. The weather report says it might rain in the evening.”可知晚上可能会下雨，所以最好带把伞。故选B。 二、完成句子 1．你应该向你的父母谈谈你的问题。 You should about your problems your parents. 【答案】 talk with 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，本题考查短语talk about sth. with sb.“与某人谈论某事”，情态动词should后接动词原形。故填talk；with。 2．我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。 We should the sharks! 【答案】 help save 【详解】句意：我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。should“应该”，是情态动词，后加动词原形；save“拯救”，是动词。help+动词原形。故填help；save。 3．如果每个人都能严格遵守规则，那起事故就不会发生。 If everyone could strictly , the accident wouldn’t happen. 【答案】follow the rules 【详解】根据语境可知，follow the rules表示“遵守规则”，动词短语，情态动词could后需填动词原形。故填follow the rules。 4．真乱啊！你最好尽快打扫一下房间。 What a mess! You’d better as quickly as possible. 【答案】clean the room 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，clean the room表示“打扫房间”；You’d better表示“你做好……”，后面接动词原形。故填clean the room。 5．这道数学题太难了，几乎没学生能做出来。（完成译句） The math problem is so difficult that few students can it . 【答案】 work out 【详解】根据题干可知，所缺内容为“做出来”，表达“做出来”用短语work out。情态动词can后跟work的原形。故填work；out。 6．学生们应该对他们的决定和行为负责。 Students should their decisions and actions. 【答案】be responsible for 【详解】对……负责：be responsible for，情态动词后加动词原形。故填be responsible for。 7．你离开房间时必须关灯。 You must the lights when you leave a room. 【答案】 turn off 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，空格处缺少“关”，对应英文短语turn off；情态动词must后跟动词原形。故填turn；off。 8．你可以在字典上查阅这个单词。 You can the word in the dictionary. 【答案】 look up 【详解】look up“查阅”，情态动词后用动词原形，故填look；up。 9．每个人都应该重视健康问题。 Everyone should the health problems . 【答案】 take seriously 【详解】take sth seriously“认真对待某事”，should是情态动词，后接动词原形，故填take；seriously。 10．青少年们应该向孙家栋这样的科学家们学习。 Teenagers should the scientists like Sun Jiadong. 【答案】learn from 【详解】根据句意可知，空处缺少“向……学习”的翻译，learn from“向……学习”，情态动词should后用动词原形，故填learn from。 11．清洁日仅剩两周，我们不能再推迟制定计划了。 Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. We can’t making a plan. 【答案】 put off 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“推迟”，其英文表达为put off；情态动词“can’t”后跟动词原形。故填put；off。 12．父母不应该把他们的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。 Parents shouldn’t their kids other children. 【答案】 compare with 【详解】“把……和……作比较”compare ... with ...。情态动词shouldn’t后接动词原形。故填compare；with。 13．无论你何时遇到生词，都可以在字典里查到。 Whenever you meet new words, you can them in a dictionary. 【答案】 look up 【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺少“查到”。固定短语look up“查询”；情态动词“can”后接动词原形。故填look；up。 14．别担心！一定有办法解决这个问题。 Don’t worry! some ways to solve the problem. 【答案】There must be 【详解】there be“有”，must“必须”，句首需大写首字母，故填There must be。 15．骑行能帮助我们节能而且不会污染空气。 Cycling can help us save energy and    cause air pollution. 【答案】 will/does/it/it not/not/won’t/doesn’t 【详解】根据汉语句意提示，“不会”可用will not+动词原形来表示；由can可知句子可用一般现在时，主语Cycling为动词名词，因此谓语动词应用其第三人称单数形式，“不会污染空气”可用does not+动词原形来表示；连词and也可连接两个并列的句子，因此可用代词it作主语，指代前文提到的“Cycling”，句子用一般将来时时，谓语动词应用won’t+动词原形；句子若用一般现在时，谓语动词应用助动词doesn’t+动词原形。故填will/does/it/it/；not/not/won’t/doesn’t。 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题02 动词、情态动词 动词是表示人或事物动作和状态的词。按照其语法功能，动词分为行为动词、系动词、助动词及情态动词四类。行为动词又叫实义动词，分为及物动词(后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词),不及物动词(本身意义不完整，其后不能接宾语的动词)；系动词(不能独立作谓语，必须与表语一起构成谓语)；助动词(本身没有词义，不能独立作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语的词，这类词表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问等)；情态动词(本身有一定意义，但没有人称和数的变化，不能单独使用，必须和实义动词一起构成句子的谓语，表示说话者的情感、态度和语气) 一、单项选择 1．（2024·安徽·中考真题）With its famous mountains, lakes, and towns, Anhui has so much to ________ tourists. A．guard B．offer C．push D．cost 2．（2022·安徽·中考真题）—You can ________ between joining the dancing club and going to the chess club. —I consider going to the chess club, for I like playing chess better. A．decide B．guess C．hide D．wait 3．（2021·安徽·中考真题）We should ________ the friendship that we have developed in the past years. A．value B．change C．make D．win 4．（2020·安徽·中考真题）— Hi, Jill. I'd like to share with you the latest news about the height of Qomolangma. —Really? Make sure the news is true before you it. A．receive B．spread C．cancel D．hear 5．（2019·安徽·中考真题）—Hello, Beijing Hotel. Can I help you? —Yes, I'd like to _____ a single room for two nights. A．enter B．move C．book D．provide 6．（2018·安徽·中考真题）——I am afraid I might forget to buy the bread after work. ——Don't worry. I will you then. A．notice B．allow C．remind D．promise 7．（2017·安徽·中考真题）（2017﹒安徽）It is necessary for schools to ____________ the need of all the students’ development. A．cut B．hide C．refuse D．satisfy 8．（2016·安徽·中考真题）For our own safety, it’s important to ________ the traffic rules on the way to school. A．follow B．change C．make D．break 9．（2015·安徽·中考真题） Dreams are beautiful. However, to ______ them needs lots of time and work. A．discover B．find C．achieve D．stop 10．（2014·安徽·中考真题） He is an honest boy. I have no reason to _______ what he said. A．hear B．doubt C．repeat D．believe 11．（2014·安徽·中考真题）I don’t _______ the heat, for I’m used to hot weather. A．like B．mind C．know D．stand 12．（2013·安徽·中考真题）It is helpful to ________ a good habit of reading in language learning. A．take B．show C．develop D．match 13．（2013·安徽·中考真题）I will meet Jane at the station. Please________ what time she will arrive. A．count B．choose C．check D．catch 14．（2011·安徽合肥·中考真题）We can't do listening practice today, for Miss Zhao's tape-recorder doesn't ________. A．act B．do C．serve D．work 15．（2010·安徽·中考真题）—What will the weather be like tomorrow? —It ________ be sunny, cloudy or windy. Who knows! A．must B．might C．shall D．should 16．（2019·安徽·中考真题）The designer has tried every possible way to make the robot light, so you _____ worry about its weight. A．must B．may C．can’t D．needn’t 17．（2018·安徽·中考真题）——May I watch TV, Dad? ——When your homework is finished, you ______ A．should B．can C．must D．need 18．（2017·安徽·中考真题）一Mom, I've signed for the box.  What's in it? 一I'm not sure.  It be a present from your uncle. A．need B．must C．may D．will 19．（2015·安徽·中考真题） –Do you have any plans for this Sunday? --I’m not sure. I ______ go to the countryside to see my grandmother. A．can B．must C．may D．need 20．（2016·安徽·中考真题） Please don’t make so much noise. I hear the speaker very well. A．needn’t B．mustn’t C．can’t D．shouldn’t 21．（2015·安徽·中考真题）The running water makes the stones ______ very smooth. A．sound B．taste C．smell D．feel 22．（2014·安徽·中考真题）Mum, what are you cooking? It ______ so sweet. A．tastes B．feels C．sounds D．smells 23．（2014·安徽·中考真题） —I forgot to bring my dictionary. Could I use yours? — Yes, you _______. A．can B．must C．could D．should 24．（2013·安徽·中考真题）You __ drive your car so fast. It's very dangerous. A．wouldn't B．shouldn't C．couldn't D．mightn't 25．（2011·安徽芜湖·中考真题）—Must I go through the radiation (辐射) check when I come back from Japan at the airport these days? —Yes, you ______. A．can B．may C．might D．must 26．（2011·重庆·中考真题）–Mr. Wang, can I finish my homework tomorrow?   --Sorry, you ________. A．can’t B．don’t C．needn’t D．won’t 27．（2011·安徽合肥·中考真题）The food here smells good, but what does it ________ like? A．taste B．touch C．seem D．feel 一、实义动词 实义动词按其后是否需要接宾语，可分为及物动词和不及物动词 用法 示例 及物动词 （1）带一个宾语 If you have any questions, you can raise your hands. 你们如果有问题，可以举手。 （2）带双宾语（间接宾语+直接宾语） 间接宾语常指人，直接宾语常指物 My parents gave me a nice gift on my birthday. 我的父母在我生日那天给了我一份精美的礼物。 （= My parents gave a nice gift to me on my birthday.） I will buy you a new dictionary. 我会给你买一本新词典。 （= I will buy a new dictionary for you.） （3）带复合宾语（宾语+宾语补足语） Please keep the door open. 请开着门。 Our teachers tell us to study hard. 老师告诉我们要努力学习。 不及物动词 （1）不带宾语 They are running on the playground. 他们正在运动场上跑步。 （2）后加介词+宾语 Please look at the blackboard and listen to me. 请看黑板，听我说。 在实义动词中，中考考题主要考查动词用法的辨异，经常出现在单项选择和完形填空中，是中考一大重要考点。 二、连系动词 常用连系动词 词义 例句 be 是 I’m a girl with short hair. become 成为，变得 Mike becomes interested in Chinese. turn 变得 Mr. White’s face turned red. get 变得 The weather is getting bad. smell 闻起来 The flowers smell nice. sound 听起来 The plan sounds good. taste 尝起来 The soup tastes delicious. stay 保持 The shop stays open till 8 pm. grow 成长，变得 Her hair is growing white. keep 保持 The girl keeps silent all the time. feel 感到，摸起来 The coat feels very soft look 看起来 My mother looks very young. 注意 1.连系动词不能单独作谓语，其后必须接形容词、名词或介词短语作表语 2.含连系动词(be除外)的句子变疑问句时一定要借助助动词do, does, did等 三、助动词 助动词 用 法 例 句 be be(am, is, are; was, were)+动词的现在分词，用于现在进行时和过去进行时 I am washing my clothes. 我在洗衣服。 What is Tom doing? 汤姆在做什么？ We were watching TV when the alarm went off. 我们正在看电视，突然警报响了。 be(am, is, are; was, were; will be; have/has been)+动词的过去分词，用于被动语态 Is Japanese taught in your school? 你们学校教日语吗？ The building was destroyed in the earthquake. 大楼在地震中被毁。 Where will a new library be built in our city next year? 明年我们城市将在哪里建一座新图书馆？ The task hasn’t been finished yet. 任务还没有完成。 do do(does, did)用于一般现在时和一般过去时 We don’t go to school on weekends. 我们周末不上学。 What time does Jack get up? 杰克什么时候起床？ Did Mary call you this morning? 玛丽早上给你打电话了吗？ have have(has, had)+动词的过去分词，用于现在完成时和过去完成时 I haven’t been there before. 我以前没去过那儿。 Lucy has passed her driving test. 露西已通过了驾驶执照考试。 will/shall will/shall(would/should)+动词原形，用于一般将来时和过去将来时 I will visit the UK next week. 下周我要去英国。 When shall we meet again? 我们什么时候再见面？ He said he would come to see me if he was free. 他说如果他有空就来看我。 四、情态动词 情态动词 用 法 例 句 can和could (1) 表示能力，意为“能；会”，could用作can的过去式 She can drive, but she can’t ride a bike. 她会开车，但不会骑自行车。 She couldn’t speak Chinese when she came to our school last year. 去年她刚来我们学校时还不会说中文。 (2) 表示请求、许可，意为“可以”，两者皆可用，此时的could并不表示过去，只是语气比can更委婉 You can go there now. 你可以现在去那儿。 — Can/Could I use your bicycle? 我可以用你的自行车吗？ — Yes, of course you can. 当然可以。（允许对方时，不可用could应答） (3) 表示客观可能性或推测，意为“可能”，can常用于否定句和疑问句中；could并不表示过去，只是表示可能性小，多用于肯定句和否定句中 The girl in the classroom can’t be Mary. She has gone to the library. 教室里的女孩不可能是玛丽，她去图书馆了。 He could be in London. 他可能在伦敦。 must和 have to (1) must表示“必须”，否定式mustn’t表示“禁止；不准；不允许” I must finish the work today. 我必须今天完成工作。 Cars mustn’t be parked here. 此处禁止停车。 (2) must表示非常肯定的猜测，意为“一定；准是”，只用于肯定句。在否定句和疑问句中用can’t，表示“不可能” He must be at home. The light is on. 他一定在家，灯亮着呢。 He can’t be at home. He is on business. 他不可能在家，他出差了。 (3) have to意为“必须；不得不”，表示客观实际的需要，有人称和时态的变化；must表示说话人主观上的看法，即主观上的必要，无人称和时态的变化 If he misses the last bus, he will have to walk home. 如果他错过末班车，他将不得不走回家。（表示客观实际） You must stop smoking. 你必须戒烟。（表示主观意愿） (4) 否定式don’t have to表示“不必”，mustn’t表示“禁止；不准” — Must I finish all the work today? 我必须今天完成全部工作吗？ — Yes, you must. / No, you don’t have to. / No, you needn’t. 是的，必须。/ 不，不必。 You mustn’t stop your car here. 此处禁止停车。 need (1) need作情态动词，意为“需要”，后接动词原形，没有人称、数和时态的变化，常用于疑问句和否定句中。否定式needn’t，意为“不必” It’s Sunday today. You needn’t get up so early. 今天星期天，你不必起得这么早。 Need I post your books to you? 需要我把书寄给你吗？ (2) need作实义动词，意为“需要；有必要”，有人称、数和时态的变化，后接名词、代词、动词不定式或动名词等 Do you need any help? 你需要帮助吗？ She didn’t need to go to school yesterday. 她昨天不需要去上学。 should和 ought to (1) 表示义务、责任、建议、劝告，意为“应该；应当” Young people should respect old people. 晚辈应该尊重长辈。 You ought to talk with your father about it. 你应该和你的父亲谈谈这件事。 (2) 表示推测，意为“应该；估计” They should be home by now, I think. 我想他们现在总该到家了吧。 It ought to be Tom. 应该是汤姆。 had better 意为“最好”“应该”，后接动词原形，had通常缩略为’d。否定式为had better not You’d better get some sleep. 你最好去睡一会儿。 You’d better not go there by yourself. 你最好不要一个人去那里。 used to 意为“过去经常”，后接动词原形 He used to live in Paris. 他过去一直住在巴黎。 Did you use to be a teacher? 你过去是当老师的吗？ They didn’t use to live here. 他们过去没住在这儿。 一、单项选择 1．—I don’t think you can take photos here. Look at that sign! —Sorry, I _________ it just now. A．notice B．will notice C．haven’t noticed D．didn’t notice 2．---Excuse me. You shouldn’t smoke here. Look at the sign “NO SMOKING HERE”. --Sorry, I ________ it just now. A．doesn’t see B．haven’t seen C．didn’t see D．hadn’t seen 3．—Sir, how many bananas do you need? —Three pounds ________ OK. A．are B．were C．is D．was 4．—What happened? —Jack phoned me last evening, and his voice ________ strange on the phone. A．looked B．sounded C．tasted D．smelled 5．—I want to take a look at that red Qipao. — Good choice!It is beautiful and it ________ soft. A．feels B．smells C．tastes D．looks 6．These flowers are colorful, and they __________ very nice. A．smell B．taste C．sound D．feel 7．—Do you like the song You and Me? —Of course. It _______ really beautiful. A．listens B．sounds C．thinks D．hears 8．—Mary, please try some beef. —-Thanks, it tastes ________. I want more. A．terrible B．well C．good D．awful 9．The strawberries ________ fresh and taste even better. A．feel B．look C．sound D．get 10．—Do you know the song Where has the time gone? —Yes. It ________ beautiful. I like it very much. A．smells B．tastes C．sounds D．looks 11．If you can ________ what you have and do something to help others, you will find your life is full of pleasure. A．count B．value C．regret D．fix 12．The old man asked his son to find some treasure by drawing a map to ________ him. A．guide B．order C．force D．fight 13．This kind of Huawei Watch _________ David’s daily needs. He wears it all the time. A．meets B．hides C．carries D．brings 14．Whenever I ________ difficulties, my classmates always offer to help me. A．hide B．meet C．miss D．accept 15．—It seems that the number of the new energy car has ________ a lot in China. —Exactly. China is making great efforts in developing the new energy industry. A．invented B．invited C．introduced D．increased 16．To build a beautiful homeland, everyone needs to _________ the rules of respecting and protecting nature. A．make B．compare C．follow D．refuse 17．It’s reported that the heavy sand storm has ______ great trouble for the local people. A．solved B．avoided C．discovered D．caused 18．—We are going to take a trip to Kunming this summer vacation. Can you go with us? —It must cost a lot. I’m afraid I can’t ________ it at present. A．afford B．cancel C．mention D．overcome 19．It’s useful to ________ the latest technology into schools. A．change B．break C．introduce D．divide 20．—I want to play with mom’s mobile phone. Do you know where it is? —No. She ________ it somewhere at home yesterday. I couldn’t find it. A．threw B．sold C．burnt D．hid 21．—My father speaks very slowly to _______ us in our home to what he will say. —In fact, he just wants to think about our feelings. He is really a good father. A．care B．repeat C．weigh D．change 22．These sports courses are great to improve students’ strength and ________ their bodies. A．raise B．compare C．shape D．spread 23．—Family and friends are always there for us when we are in trouble. —And that’s why we should ________ them. A．answer B．refuse C．influence D．value 24．—What about looking at what we’ve learned before doing our homework? We can ask each other questions to check our understanding. —Great idea! It is a good habit to ________ our lessons in time! A．review B．design C．mix D．cancel 25．—According to reports, the strong earthquakes in Turkey (土耳其) ________ many people so far. —What bad news! But I’m proud that China rescue team rushed to help them at once. A．killed B．are helped C．have killed   D．have helped 26．—Some children in poor areas read a little because they can’t ________ to buy books. —Quite right. Let’s collect some second-hand ones for them. A．affect B．afford C．increase D．lead 27．Too much traffic may ________ traffic jam. A．happen B．connect C．lead D．cause 28．—Excuse me, could I take the book out of the school library? —Yes, you can. But you need to ________ on the form. A．sign B．mark C．check D．draw 29．—We’re going to take a trip to Kunming next month. Would you like to join us? —I’d love to, but it must cost a lot. I’m afraid I can’t ________ it at present. A．afford B．cancel C．mention D．receive 30．—It’s important to ________ what we have learnt with our life. —You are right. We can really learn a lot from it. A．connect B．compare C．review D．discover 31．Chances ________ everywhere and only careful people can find them. A．hide B．decide C．guess D．cause 32．—Should we always ________ the crowd? —No, sometimes the right way is the one you make by yourself. A．follow B．push C．respect D．separate 33．People often plant plenty of trees to ______ the soil running off and protect the environment. A．avoid B．move C．break D．increase 34．—We should ________ rubbish into different groups to protect the environment. —I can’t agree more. Let’s look through the Internet to learn how to do that. A．control B．support C．translate D．divide 35．To keep healthy in the flu season, you should ________ touching your eyes, nose and mouth before washing your hands. A．practice B．consider C．avoid D．suggest 36．Sarah always ________ others’ trust through her honest words and actions. A．loses B．wins C．hides D．tries 37．—Many people plan to visit the Yellow Mountain in summer holiday. —Yes. To get a room in hotels, you should ________ one before your trip. A．protect B．book C．repair D．explore 38．—Mum, I couldn’t follow what you said. Could you speak a little more slowly? —Sorry. I thought you could ________ me well. A．hug B．believe C．catch D．praise 39．—Although Tom doesn’t do well in his studies, he seems to ________ when he loses himself in painting. —Yeah, everyone has his advantages. A．fail B．share C．shine D．fall 40．Many college student volunteers are trying their best to help farmers to ________ product sales online. A．improve B．compare C．afford D．support 41．Jenny finally got the job because she ________ speak English well. A．might B．must C．could D．need 42．I can’t go with you. I ________ stay at home until my parents come back. A．can B．may C．must D．could 43．This book ______ belong to John. I saw it fall off his pocket just now. A．could B．might C．couldn’t D．must 44．You _________ worry about how to solve the problem. I will always be on your side. A．may not B．mustn’t C．can’t D．needn’t 45．Readers ________ tell what the characters are like just from looking at them in a comic strip. A．must B．need C．should D．can 46．________ I borrow your dictionary? I forgot to bring mine to school today. A．Can B．Must C．Should D．Would 47．Don’t stay close to the people with flu. You ________ get sick. A．may B．need C．should D．must 48．The traffic is so heavy in the rush hour. You’d better ________ the road conditions ahead of time. A．check B．to check C．checked D．checking 49．We ________ know something about the Youth Protection Law so that we can protect ourselves. A．can B．would C．may D．should 50．You ________ take an umbrella. The weather report says it might rain in the evening. A．must B．had better C．need D．may 二、完成句子 1．你应该向你的父母谈谈你的问题。 You should about your problems your parents. 2．我们应该帮助拯救鲨鱼。 We should the sharks! 3．如果每个人都能严格遵守规则，那起事故就不会发生。 If everyone could strictly , the accident wouldn’t happen. 4．真乱啊！你最好尽快打扫一下房间。 What a mess! You’d better as quickly as possible. 5．这道数学题太难了，几乎没学生能做出来。（完成译句） The math problem is so difficult that few students can it . 6．学生们应该对他们的决定和行为负责。 Students should their decisions and actions. 7．你离开房间时必须关灯。 You must the lights when you leave a room. 8．你可以在字典上查阅这个单词。 You can the word in the dictionary. 9．每个人都应该重视健康问题。 Everyone should the health problems . 10．青少年们应该向孙家栋这样的科学家们学习。 Teenagers should the scientists like Sun Jiadong. 11．清洁日仅剩两周，我们不能再推迟制定计划了。 Clean-up Day is only two weeks from now. We can’t making a plan. 12．父母不应该把他们的孩子和其他的孩子作比较。 Parents shouldn’t their kids other children. 13．无论你何时遇到生词，都可以在字典里查到。 Whenever you meet new words, you can them in a dictionary. 14．别担心！一定有办法解决这个问题。 Don’t worry! some ways to solve the problem. 15．骑行能帮助我们节能而且不会污染空气。 Cycling can help us save energy and    cause air pollution. 53 / 54 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$