小升初语法 一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）（讲义）-2024-2025学年外研版（一起）英语六年级下册

小升初英语语法：一般现在时（Simple Present Tense）全解析及练习（含答案） 在英语的学习旅程中，一般现在时是同学们最先接触的重要时态之一，它看似简单，却在日常交流和写作中频繁使用。接下来，让我们一起深入探索一般现在时的奥秘。 一、一般现在时全解析 1. 概念：一般现在时，简单来说，就是用来描述经常发生的动作、长久存在的状态，或者是客观不变的事实和普遍真理。比如，每天按时起床、每周去一次图书馆，这些日常习惯都可以用一般现在时来表达；再如，地球绕着太阳转这种永恒不变的科学事实，也得用一般现在时。 1. 构成 0. 肯定句： 1. 当主语不是第三人称单数（I、you、we、they 以及复数名词作主语）时 ，句子结构为 “主语 + 动词原形 + 其他”。像 “I play football every day.”（我每天踢足球），这里的 “play” 就是动词原形。 1. 要是主语是第三人称单数（he、she、it 以及单数名词作主语），那动词就得变成第三人称单数形式，也就是 “主语 + 动词第三人称单数形式 + 其他”。例如 “He plays football every day.”（他每天踢足球） ，“play” 的第三人称单数形式是 “plays”。 1. 还有一种情况，是用 be 动词来表示状态的句子，结构为 “主语 + be 动词（am/is/are） + 其他”。其中，“am” 与 “I” 搭配，“is” 和第三人称单数主语搭配，“are” 和第二人称 “you” 以及复数主语搭配。比如：“I am a student.”（我是一名学生） ；“She is happy.”（她很开心）；“They are in the classroom.”（他们在教室里）。 0. 否定句： 2. 行为动词作谓语时，如果主语不是第三人称单数，借助 “don't” 来构成否定，即 “主语 + don't + 动词原形 + 其他” 。例如：“I don't like apples.”（我不喜欢苹果）。若主语是第三人称单数，就得用 “doesn't”，结构为 “主语 + doesn't + 动词原形 + 其他” 。比如 “He doesn't like apples.”（他不喜欢苹果）。 2. 对于 be 动词作谓语的句子，直接在 be 动词后加 “not” ，即 “主语 + be 动词（am/is/are） + not + 其他”。例如：“I am not a teacher.”（我不是一名老师） ；“She is not at home.”（她不在家）。 0. 一般疑问句： 3. 当句子谓语是行为动词时，不是第三人称单数主语的一般疑问句，用 “Do + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？” 。例如：“Do you like music?”（你喜欢音乐吗？） 。要是主语是第三人称单数，就用 “Does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他？” 。比如：“Does he like music?”（他喜欢音乐吗？） 3. 对于 be 动词作谓语的句子，一般疑问句结构是 “Be 动词（Am/Is/Are） + 主语 + 其他？” 。例如：“Are you a student?”（你是一名学生吗？） ；“Is she happy?”（她开心吗？） 3、用法 0. 表示经常性、习惯性的动作：常常会和一些表示频率的副词或短语一起出现，像 always（总是），usually（通常），often（经常），sometimes（有时），never（从不） ，every day/week/month/year（每天 / 每周 / 每月 / 每年）等等。比如：“I usually get up at 7:00.”（我通常七点起床） 。 0. 表示现在的状态：通过 be 动词来体现主语当下的状态。比如：“The book is on the desk.”（书在桌子上） 。 0. 表示客观事实、普遍真理：不管主语是哪种人称和数量，动词都用原形（be 动词还是要根据主语变化哦）。就像 “The earth moves around the sun.”（地球围绕太阳转） 。 4、动词第三人称单数的变化规则 0. 一般情况下，直接在动词原形后面加 -s 。比如：work（工作）变成 works，play（玩）变成 plays。 0. 以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的动词，要在词尾加 -es 。例如：teach（教）变为 teaches，wash（洗）变为 washes。 0. 以 “辅音字母 + y” 结尾的动词，先把 y 变成 i，再加上 -es 。比如：study（学习）变成 studies，carry（携带）变成 carries 。 0. 还有特殊变化的，像 have（有）的第三人称单数形式是 has 。 二、一般现在时练习题（60 道） 1. She ______ to school by bike every day. A. go B. goes C. going 1. They ______ my good friends. A. am B. is C. are 1. I ______ milk. A. don't like B. doesn't like C. not like 1. ______ he ______ basketball after school? A. Do; play B. Does; play C. Does; plays 1. The sun ______ in the east. A. rise B. rises C. rising 1. My father usually ______ newspapers in the morning. A. read B. reads C. reading 1. We ______ students. We ______ hard. A. are; study B. is; studies C. am; study 1. ______ you ______ a pet? A. Do; have B. Does; have C. Do; has 1. She ______ at home now. A. isn't B. aren't C. am not 1. Tom often ______ his mother with the housework. A. help B. helps C. helping 1. ______ your sister ______ dancing? A. Do; like B. Does; like C. Does; likes 1. The children ______ games in the park every Sunday. A. play B. plays C. playing 1. I ______ busy today. I have a lot of homework to do. A. am B. is C. are 1. He ______ to school on foot. He takes a bus. A. don't go B. doesn't go C. not go 1. ______ they ______ in this city? A. Do; live B. Does; live C. Do; lives 1. My mother ______ dinner for us every day. A. cook B. cooks C. cooking 1. The birds ______ in the trees. A. sing B. sings C. singing 1. ______ it ______ a lot here in summer? A. Do; rain B. Does; rain C. Does; rains 1. We ______ classes on Sundays. A. don't have B. doesn't have C. not have 1. She always ______ a red dress. A. wear B. wears C. wearing 1. ______ your parents ______ in the same company? A. Do; work B. Does; work C. Do; works 1. The dog ______ fast. A. run B. runs C. running 1. I ______ good at English. A. am B. is C. are 1. He ______ his homework carefully. A. don't do B. doesn't do C. not do 1. ______ the students ______ the classroom every day? A. Do; clean B. Does; clean C. Do; cleans 1. My brother ______ TV after dinner. A. watch B. watches C. watching 1. The flowers ______ very beautiful. A. look B. looks C. looking 1. ______ she ______ English well? A. Do; speak B. Does; speak C. Does; speaks 1. We ______ late for school. A. aren't B. isn't C. am not 1. The teacher ______ us math. A. teach B. teaches C. teaching 1. ______ your friend ______ to the library on weekends? A. Do; go B. Does; go C. Does; goes 1. They ______ football on the playground every weekend. A. play B. plays C. playing 1. I ______ breakfast at 7:30 every morning. A. have B. has C. having 1. She ______ vegetables. A. don't like B. doesn't like C. not like 1. ______ the cat ______ mice? A. Do; catch B. Does; catch C. Does; catches 1. My father ______ to work every day. A. drive B. drives C. driving 1. The students ______ to the teacher carefully in class. A. listen B. listens C. listening 1. ______ he ______ up early every day? A. Do; get B. Does; get C. Does; gets 1. We ______ computer games on weekdays. A. don't play B. doesn't play C. not play 1. She ______ to her pen pal once a month. A. write B. writes C. writing 1. ______ your classmates ______ music? A. Do; like B. Does; like C. Do; likes 1. The old man ______ in the park every evening. A. walk B. walks C. walking 1. I ______ from China. A. am B. is C. are 1. He ______ a lot of toys. A. don't have B. doesn't have C. not have 1. ______ the children ______ to school by bus? A. Do; go B. Does; go C. Do; goes 1. My mother ______ delicious cakes. A. make B. makes C. making 1. The birds ______ in the sky. A. fly B. flies C. flying 1. ______ she ______ her homework on time? A. Do; do B. Does; do C. Does; does 1. We ______ in the same class. A. aren't B. isn't C. am not 1. The teacher ______ us many questions. A. ask B. asks C. asking 1. ______ your brother ______ a bike to school? A. Do; ride B. Does; ride C. Does; rides 1. They ______ basketball after school every day. A. play B. plays C. playing 1. I ______ a new book. A. have B. has C. having 1. She ______ to go shopping. A. don't want B. doesn't want C. not want 1. ______ the dog ______ in the basket? A. Do; sleep B. Does; sleep C. Does; sleeps 1. My father ______ the news on TV every night. A. watch B. watches C. watching 1. The students ______ English every morning. A. read B. reads C. reading 1. ______ he ______ the answer? A. Do; know B. Does; know C. Does; knows 1. We ______ junk food. A. don't eat B. doesn't eat C. not eat 1. She ______ her grandparents every weekend. A. visit B. visits C. visiting 答案 1. B 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. B 6. B 7. A 8. A 9. A 10. B 11. B 12. A 13. A 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. B 21. A 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. A 26. B 27. A 28. B 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. A 34. B 35. B 36. B 37. A 38. B 39. A 40. B 41. A 42. B 43. A 44. B 45. A 46. B 47. A 48. B 49. A 50. B 51. B 52. A 53. A 54. B 55. B 56. B 57. A 58. B 59. A 60. B 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$