专题5 第2讲 据5技巧 形同意合七选五(专题微讲Word)-【赢在微点·考前顶层设计】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习

第2讲　据5技巧　形同意合七选五 关注点 2024新课标Ⅰ卷、Ⅱ卷七选五干扰项明显加强,文章地道表达明显增多,选项中生词障碍增强。 技巧1　词汇衔接(原词、同义词、近义词、同源词复现、同类相关词) 1.原词、同义词、近义词、同源词复现,正确答案的关键词与前后句的关键词重复或呼应 2024·新课标Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——旅游 ·Get creative. The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is to go somewhere else. Though overtourism is described as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated to a small number of extremely popular spots. That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. ________ Why not try a regional alternative or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights? A. Visit during off-peak times. 核心点→在非高峰时间游玩 B. So, should we stop traveling? C. Travel for you and no one else. D. Can overtourism be avoided then? E. You can still find relatively undiscovered places. 核心点→找到相对未被发现的地方 F. You’ll find yourself virtually alone, or close to it. G. Consider giving back to the communities you’re visiting. 2.原词/同义词/近义词/反义词复现 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——认识自我、完善自我 It’s something of a cliché (陈词滥调) that most people learn not from their successes but their mistakes. The thing is, it’s true. ________ We’re all changing and learning all the time and mistakes are a positive way to develop and grow. A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. 一点自我宽恕也大有裨益 B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. 列出所有你喜欢的你自己的品质 C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. 他们甚至想尝试一下这个练习 D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. 自我原谅同样重要 E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. 忽略或遗忘所发生的事 F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. 记下任何善行 G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 无论什么错误,它都不是性格中固定的一面 3.同类相关词汇(同一语义场的相关词汇、上下义词汇) 2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——认识自我、完善自我 　　In a journal or on a piece of paper, put the heading “Personal strengths”. ________ Are you caring? Creative? Generous? A good listener? Fun to be around? They don’t have to be world-changing, just aspects of your personality that you’re proud of. Writing exercise之写下个人优点 A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 4.同类相关词复现 2022·新高考Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——社会沟通 　　Fitness Magazine recently ran an article titled “Five Reasons to Thank Your Workout Partner”. One reason was: “You’ll actually show up if you know someone is waiting for you at the gym,” while another read: “________” With a workout partner, you will increase your training effort as there is a subtle (微妙) competition. A. Your first meeting may be a little awkward. B. A workout partner usually needs to live close by. C. You’ll work harder if you train with someone else. 核心点→锻炼伙伴对你的鞭策 D. Do you want to be a better athlete in your favorite sport? E. How can you write a good “seeking training partner” notice? F. Just accept your differences and learn to work with each other. G. Any notice for a training partner should include such information. 答案与解析　 1.E　根据本段主题句“Get creative.”和“That means you have tons of less-visited options to choose from.”可知,本段建议人们要有创意,还有很多游客较少的旅行目的地可供选择。故E项符合语境。E项中的“undiscovered places”与本段中的“less-visited options”和 “lesser-known sights”为近义表达。 积累 重点词 alternative [ɔːl̍tɜːnətɪv] n.替代品　adj.替代的;其他的 合成词 over-touristed adj.游客过多的 语块 景点类:①lesser-known sights小众景点　②be concentrated to集中在　③tons of大量的 ④check out查看,看一看;结账　⑤be described as ...被描述为…… 其他:①ease pressure on减轻对...的压力　②give back to归还,回馈 2.G　前文提到“虽然大多数人都是从错误中学习而并非从成功中学习已是陈词滥调,但事实确实如此”,后文提到“我们总是在改变和学习,因此犯错是一个发展和成长的积极途径”。由此可知,无论什么错误都不是不变的→G项核心点。G项承接前文所提到的犯错的积极意义,也与后文“我们总是在改变和学习”为递进关系。选项中fixed “固定的”又与下文的changing是反义词复现; mistake是原词复现。 3.B　本段结构为:做法→举例→总结。本段先介绍:写下个人优点,空后举例说明你可能会写下的个人优点——乐于助人、有创造性、慷慨、善于倾听、有趣等等。最后一句总结说明这些写下的品质不需要有多高尚,只需要写一些自己引以为傲的品质就行了。由此可知空处应列出你喜欢的自己的品质→B项核心点。B项与空前一句句式同为祈使句,且选项中的“all the characteristics”是对下文caring, creative, generous, a good listener, fun to be around的品质的概括,且与最后一句中的They呼应。characteristics与personality属于近义词复现。 4.C　上文说明与伙伴一起锻炼的理由之一“如果知道有人在健身房等你,你就会去锻炼”。 空前的“while another read” 提示空处与上文构成“一个理由是……,另一个是……”。空处应介绍另一个和伙伴锻炼的理由→锻炼伙伴对你的鞭策→C项核心点。且与下文“有一个锻炼伙伴,你将会努力训练,因为你们之间有一个微妙的竞争”构成顺承关系。选项C中的“train with someone else”与下文的“With a workout partner”语义一致, “work harder” 与“increase your training effort”语义一致,thank, increase, work harder 属于正向情感词汇。 积累 熟词生义 title v.加标题 技巧2　代词指代法 2原则 一致原则:同一段落的叙事人称一致,人对人,物对物,单复对单复。就近原则:遇代词,向前看。 确定所指 指示代词: that指代前文内容; this指代前文的某种做法(动词类居多); it指代前文的单数名词/不可数名词; one=泛指的单数名词, ones=泛指的复数名词, those=特指的复数名词。 人称代词:I、we、you、they、he、she等 　 　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　 5.2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——认识自我、完善自我 　　At the top of a second page, put the heading “Acts of kindness”. On this one, list all the positive things you’ve done for others. It might be the time when you helped a friend with their homework, when you did the ironing without being asked, or when you baked cookies after the family had had a tiring day. 　①　 Writing exercise之列出所做善行   　　You could ask a friend or family member to help add to your list. 　②　 That way, you could exchange thoughts on what makes each of you special and the aspects of your personality that shine through. In fact, don’t wait until you’ve made a mistake to try this—it’s a great way to boost self-confidence at any time. Writing exercise之亲朋好友写  A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 6.新高考Ⅱ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——善于学习 　　If you decide that you need to read the whole book, decide how much you can read at a time.________ A history book which may contain the facts in story form will be easier to read than one dealing with scientific subjects. In the former case you may be able to read a chapter. In the latter you may only be able to read one page. A. Stop to have a rest now and then. B. Spend a few minutes looking through the book. C. This depends on the type of book you are reading. 核心点→阅读速度取决于书的类型 D. Here are some tips to help improve your reading speed. E. Make a note of any page which is of special importance. F. You may find yourself having to learn something by heart. G. Keep the room cool rather than warm to avoid feeling sleepy. 答案与解析　 5.①F　本段结构为:做法→举例→总结。上文介绍:写下“善行”,并且列出一些你为他人做的好事。下文列举了一些生活中琐碎的好事的例子。本空是对本段的总结,再次重申无论这件好事是什么、有多小,要把善行记下来→F项核心点。 提示:选项中的it指代act of kindness,且write it down是祈使句,与前文的list all the positive things you’ve done for others 句式相同, 且list与write down 属于近义词。 ②C　本段介绍:你可能想要亲朋好友来帮你增加你的列表,空后提到:这样,你们就能交换想法,谈谈你们各自的特殊之处和你们个性中的闪光点。故空处应该是对此处的进一步讨论或建议:他们甚至可能喜欢尝试做这个练习→C项核心点。 C项是前文内容的递进,也是后文的过渡。选项中的They指代“a friend or family member”, “have a go”和下文的“exchange thoughts”是前后承接的关系。 提示:空前一句和空后一句中的情态动词could暗示正确选项线索——含有情态动词; That way 承接 have a go at doing the exercise “尝试做这个练习”。 6.C　上文“如果你决定要看完整本书,要确定一次能读多少”提到的是阅读速度,下文的“以故事形式包含事实的历史书比科学题材的书更易阅读”与书的类型相关;由此可知,阅读速度取决于书的类型→C项核心点。选项中的代词This代指上文提到的how much you can read at a time。 技巧3　相似句式法 空处为 段首句 其他段首句若均为祈使句→锁定祈使句选项,结合其他技巧定答案 空处为 段中句 看选项句式:问句(找答句),祈使句(表建议),否定句(找肯定关联),前后句时态(过去或现在)、情态动词的使用 7.2024·浙江高考1月·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——善于学习 　　In the past few years, online learning has become a significant part of the university and college experience. (A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses.) But are all online courses created equal? How can you be sure that digital learning is right for you? ________ We interviewed students and professors to get their advice about online courses. survey, interview提示包含问题  A. But that doesn’t mean there aren’t deadlines. B. Your motivation should be your main concern. C. Do you know that online courses are also part of your education? 在线课程也是教育的一部分吗? D. Professor Alex Davidson teaches the same course in person and online. E. The chief complaint about online courses is that they lack human interaction. F. If you take an online course, what can you do to ensure the best possible grade? 如果选择在线课程,你能做什么来确保最好的成绩? G. A survey found that 29 percent of college students registered for online courses. 答案与解析　 7.F　“...? ...? ...?” 三连问的排比句式。空前连续用了两个疑问句:“但是所有的在线课程都是平等的吗?你如何确定数字化学习适合你?”,由此可知,上文对在线课程提出疑问,本空继续提出疑问,单看选项中的疑问句就可以直接锁定C、F两个选项。F选项“如果你选择在线课程,你能做些什么来确保取得最好的成绩”能承接上文,符合题意。ensure与空前的be sure 是同义表达。 积累 重点词 interaction n.相互影响;相互作用;沟通 语块 ①register for报名参加;注册　②in person亲自;当面 技巧4　褒贬一致 褒贬 色彩 若采取褒贬一致性原则解题的话,要遵循褒义对褒义,贬义对贬义,褒义与贬义同时存在中间必有转折的原则。要注意形容词、副词、名词、动词等的感情色彩。 8.2023·新课标Ⅰ卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与自我——认识自我、完善自我 　　Taking responsibility for mistakes is a positive step, but don’t beat yourself up about them. To err (犯错) is human. 　1　 You can use the following writing exercise to help you do this. →How-to说明文  　　A. A little self-forgiveness also goes a long way. B. Now list all the characteristics you like about yourself. C. They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. D. It’s just as important to show yourself some forgiveness. E. It doesn’t mean you have to ignore what’s happened or forget it. F. Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. G. Whatever the mistake, remember it isn’t a fixed aspect of your personality. 答案与解析　 8.D　本段前两句提到“为自己的错误承担责任是积极的一步,但不要因错误而过分自责,人都是会犯错误的”。因此,既然犯错是人之常情,就不要过分自责,学会原谅自己也同样重要→D项核心点。空后一句提出自我原谅的解决办法:你可以用以下的写作训练帮你做到这一点;句中的this指代选项中的“show yourself some forgiveness”。 提示:本段的情感词汇:positive, help与D项中的important同属褒义词汇。 技巧5　标点符号法 逗号 空后/前无连词:填从句或介词短语。有连词:正确选项为无连词的句子 问号 见到问句想答句;一问一答不分家 9.2023·全国乙卷·片段　体裁:说明文　主题语境:人与社会——科普知识 　　Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much, but in many ways they are the unsung heroes of the home. ________, but studies have shown that they can promote people’s wellbeing by improving their mood (心情), reducing stress and helping their memory. What’s more, indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive. A. All plants are different 植物各不相同 B. Not only do they look beautiful 不只是美 C. There are many benefits to growing plants indoors D. Instead, they grow better inside, where it is warmer E. Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best F. Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help G. Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding 答案与解析　 9.B　空后是逗号,且空后的半句有连词but, 正确选项应是半句。前文提到室内植物可能看起来并没有做什么,后文提到研究成果:室内植物通过改善人们的心情、减压和提高他们的记忆力等提升幸福感。 空处应引出室内植物的积极作用→ B项核心点→它们不仅看起来美丽。且B项中的not only 与空后的but构成not only ... but (also) ... 并列结构。 积累 派生词 un-+sung→unsung adj.被埋没的;未被颂扬的 语块 unsung heroes无名英雄 猜测阅读障碍词的能力　(5个技巧对应片段) 重点词 alternative n. ①替代品 adj. ②替代的;其他的 interaction n. ③相互影响;相互作用;沟通 派生词/ 合成词 un-+sung →unsung adj. ④被埋没的;未被颂扬的 over+tourist+-ed →over-touristed adj. ⑤游客过多的 熟词生义 run 熟义:v. ⑥跑 生义:v. ⑦刊登;发表 title 熟义:n. ⑧标题 生义:vt. ⑨加标题 语块 lesser-known sights ⑩小众景点 unsung heroes 无名英雄 check out 查看,看一看;结账 give back to 归还,回馈 文本语法填空再开发　 Get ①creative (create). The best way to ease pressure on over-touristed destinations is ②to go (go) somewhere else. Though overtourism ③is described (describe) as a problem affecting the entire world, it’s actually concentrated ④to a small number of extremely popular spots. That ⑤means (mean) you have tons of less-visited options to choose from. You can still find ⑥relatively (relative) undiscovered places. Why not try a regional alternative ⑦or check out a popular destination’s lesser-known sights?  学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$