备考前研(专题微讲Word)-【赢在微点·考前顶层设计】2025年高考英语大二轮专题复习

高考冲刺140+ 　必备的3个意识2个能力 阅读总原则:紧扣主旨,主旨,主旨!不管什么题型,与全文主旨和段落主旨(前者更重要)相关的选项肯定对。如文章中的举例或引用,不是考例子/引用本身[如2024新课标Ⅰ卷第27题(见第一部分专题三)、2023新课标Ⅱ卷第34题、2024浙江高考1月第30题],就是为了说明主旨。找出该主旨是答题关键。 That’s why this issue (期) of Writer’s Digest aims to help you figure out how to write the best ending for whatever kind of writing you’re doing. If it’s short stories, Peter Mountford breaks down six techniques you can try to see which one helps you stick the landing. Elizabeth Sims analyzes the final chapters of five great novels to see what key points they include and how you can adapt them for your work. (2024·全国甲卷D篇) 题干35.Why does the author mention Peter Mountford and Elizabeth Sims? →正确选项B. To stress the theme of this issue. 逻辑推断链: 第1句是主旨句:本期《作家文摘》的宗旨——指导读者如何写出最佳结局→第二、第三句为拓展句,作者分别以Peter Mountford 和 Elizabeth Sims为例,说明本期具体会介绍哪些技巧→例证是为了强调本期杂志的主题——如何写出最佳结局(与主旨一致) 在做完形填空和读后续写题时也应具备主旨意识, 解答完形填空时善于利用主旨信息(常隐含在首段中或尾段的议论中)判断正确选项(详见第二部分); 续写部分的主旨升华要与原文主旨协同一致(详见第三部分专题二) 高考阅读理解的正确选项其实就是用英语解释英语,也就是说,正确选项都是原文中的信息点(有时是某个关键词或某几个关键词)的同义转述。这种原文、题干和选项之间的同义转述有:同义词、近义词、反义词和同源词的转述、语态变化和归纳替换等。 同义、近义转述 Audio (音频) and video can feel more engaging than text, and so university teachers increasingly turn to these technologies—say, assigning an online talk instead of an article by the same person. However, psychologists have demonstrated that when adults read news stories, they remember more of the content than if they listen to or view identical pieces. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C篇) 　题干30.Why are audio and video increasingly used by university teachers? →正确选项A. They can hold students’ attention. 　逻辑推断链:so后说明结果,其前的内容说明大学老师青睐音频和视频的原因: Audio and video can feel more engaging than text (音频和视频比文本更能吸引人)。hold one’s attention 与engaging是同义替换,意为“有趣的;吸引人的”。 反义转述 Continued developments in communication technologies were once believed to make the printed page outdated. From a 21st-century point of view, the printed book is certainly ancient, but it remains as interactive as any battery-powered e-reader. (2023·新课标Ⅱ卷C篇) 　题干31.What does the author want to say by mentioning the e-reader? →正确选项 A. The printed book is not totally out of date. 逻辑推断链:转折词but后的比较:印刷书籍和电子阅读器一样具有互动性→强调与之前看法“印刷书籍很古老”相反→纸质书不完全过时,not totally out of date是outdated/ancient的反义转述。 同源词的转述 Trost thinks so. “At the end of the day all transit agencies right now are doing everything they can to improve the rider experience. So I absolutely think we will get more riders just because of short stories,” she says. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷B篇) 题干27.What is Trost’s opinion about BART’s future? →正确答案D. Its ridership will increase. 逻辑推断链:Trost 认为 BART 的乘客数量将会增加。 ridership“客流量”是rider“乘客”的派生词汇。 1.关注强转折词:强转折词后的内容是答题线索或主旨句,题目的设置往往与这些词、句相关。 ①A句+强转折词+B句　强转折词如but、however、yet、nevertheless、whereas、unfortunately、actually、in fact、on the contrary、on the other hand、even so等,B句内容含答题关键;②while/though/although引导的让步状语从句中, 主句内容是答题关键或主旨句。 2.巧用时间顺序词串联文意:如2023新课标Ⅰ卷阅读B篇中有大量表时间顺序的表述,如When John Todd was a child, When he got older, After studying agriculture, medicine, and fisheries in college, over the years等说明John对大自然自我修复的好奇→利用该原理研发生态机器→投入使用取得成效(涉及人物性格判断题和写作意图题);文中的表时间顺序的词,如First、Then、After a few weeks、Within weeks说明John对生态机器的实验过程(涉及实验目的题)。2024新课标Ⅰ卷阅读B篇中时间的衔接表达,如20 years ago, after studying the techniques for a couple of years (涉及推理判断题)(详见第一部分专题三)。 We all know fresh is best when it comes to food. However, most produce at the store went through weeks of travel and covered hundreds of miles before reaching the table. While farmer’s markets are a solid choice to reduce the journey, Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more. (2024·新课标Ⅱ卷C篇) 　题干28.What can be learned about BMF from paragraph 1? →正确答案C. It cuts the farm-to-table distance. 逻辑推断链:强转折词however后引入问题:大部分商店的农产品要经过几周的运输并跨越很长的距离才能到达餐桌; while引导让步状语从句, 主句才是答题关键:Babylon Micro-Farm (BMF) shortens it even more (缩短从农场到餐桌的距离)。 cuts the farm-to-table distance 是原文shortens it 的同义转述,其中的it指代the journey。 高考试题语篇中的障碍词汇包括熟词生义、一词多义、课标派生词和课标生僻词,能直接影响阅读的速度、理解的程度和做题的正确率。 技巧1　联想熟义推生义　语境之中定含义——熟词生义/一词多义 虽然新高考题中涉及的生词量有限制,但是对课标词汇含义的考查是没有限制的。很多单词本身有很多释义,除了我们所熟知的常用义项,还有很多其他义项,比如平时掌握的教材“熟词”在高考中却有了“新义”。 A similar process is at work in our response to information. Our formative environment as a species was information-poor, so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information. But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment. We are now ceaselessly bombarded (轰炸) with new information. (2024·浙江高考1月D篇) 　巧妙猜词义:prize 熟义:n. 奖金;奖品;宝贵的事物→生义:vt. 高度重视;珍视 微点:①formative adj. 有重大影响的　②connectivity n. 联结=connect (连接;联系)+-ive+-ity　③information (信息)+poor (缺乏某物的)=information-poor adj. 信息贫乏/闭塞的　 ④cease (停止)+-less(否定后缀)+-ly=ceaselessly adv. 不停地 技巧2　长难单词巧拆解　利用构词解其意——派生/合成/转化 2024年4套试卷的语篇中都有不少派生词、合成词和转化词,甚至选项中都有不少派生词和合成词。2024新课标Ⅰ卷B篇第26题选项中的complexity; 2024新课标Ⅱ卷D篇第32题选项中的ill-intentioned,完形的第46题。2023新课标Ⅰ卷D篇第32题选项中的underlying,第35题选项中的Dismissive; 2023新课标Ⅱ卷B篇第26题选项中的Far-reaching、Short-lived、Unidentifiable等。 巧借词缀推新义 Today, there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the U.S. Their recovery has been so successful that the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies, which would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted. (2023·全国甲卷D篇) 　巧妙猜词义:de-(除掉;去掉)+list (名单,清单)→de-list vt.把……从名单中划去 Our hope is to have a clean, attractant-free place where bears can pass through without learning bad habits. (2023·全国甲卷D篇) 　巧妙猜词义:attract(吸引)+-ant (……的人/物) +-free (没有……的)→attractant-free adj. 没有引诱物的 顾名思义猜合成 He became interested in alternative treatments 20 years ago when he suffered from terrible back pain. He tried muscle-relaxing drugs but found little relief. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷B篇) 　巧妙猜词义:拆分 muscle (肌肉)+relax (松弛;放松)+-ing=muscle-relaxing 放松肌肉的 微点:运用构词法能较为快速、准确地猜测出生词的含义。平时要多积累词根、词缀知识,学会拆解单词。注意有些单词与利用构词法猜出的含义并不相同,如前缀in-、un-通常表示“不,非,反”,但有些利用这两个前缀构成的派生词并无否定含义(如indifferent “漠不关心的”),因此利用构词法猜出词义后还要在语境中进行验证,切不可脱离语境。 2024年高考阅读和语法填空中长难句增多,句式结构变得更复杂,干扰性更强,对思维能力的要求更高,因此客观题满分的关键是会拆解长难句。阅读中不少题的答题线索都隐藏在长难句中(如2024新课标Ⅰ卷阅读C篇29题,2023新课标Ⅰ卷阅读C篇第31题)。 锁定谓语留主干 锁定句子的谓语动词,去掉各种非核心成分[插入语、定语(从句)、状语(从句)、同位语(从句)等],只留下主干(主干即答题线索)。 , than when they are reading print. (2024·新课标Ⅰ卷C篇) 根据这个理论,人们对待数字文本的态度与对待社交媒体的态度相当,数字文本通常不那么严肃,相比纸质阅读,人们投入的脑力要少。 第29题答题线索 让步状语从句 Although , implications (for group and decision-making) . (2023·新课标Ⅰ卷D篇) 尽管Navajas领导的研究存在局限性,许多问题仍待解答,但对小组讨论和决策制定的潜在影响是巨大的。 第35题答题线索 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$