专题13.语篇补全（六选五）解题技巧及20篇训练-2025年福建省中考英语讲义

语篇补全（六选五）解题技巧及20篇训练 考查考生对文章框架结构和对语篇逻辑关系把握的能力，要求考生根据文章内容和结构从短文后的六个选项中（通常为完整的句子），选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项。具体包括理解全篇主旨大意，识别主题句，以及句与句之间的逻辑关系，段落与段落之间的逻辑关系等。设空以逻辑关系为线索，侧重补充完整后文章情节的合理性。 (1)解题步骤： ①通读全文，掌握文章大意。考生应先通读全文，尤其是首尾两段，掌握整篇文章的主旨大意。 ②分析备选项，细读全文。通读全文之后，考生应分析备选项，找出关键词，根据文章结构、逻辑关系试填答案。要重点读设空处前后的句子，里面常含有代词、连接词、时态等有助于解题的关键线索。前面出现过的人或物，为了避免重复，后面会用相应的代词来指代；为使行文连贯，结构清晰，文中会用连接词来表明前后句子之间的关系，如because/so表因果关系，but/however表转折关系，what's more/besides表递进关系等；文章有时因为叙述的需要，也会涉及不同的时态。利用这些弄清段落之间、句子之间的关系，做题时就能有的放矢，提高准确率。 ③复读全文，验证答案。将选好的句子代入文中，重新阅读全文，从语意、语境的角度核查所选句子是否正确。 (2)解题技巧： ①首段设空 说明文的首段起总起的作用，引出所要介绍的事物，引出下文；记叙文的首段通常会交代事情发生的背景，包括人物、时间、事件等，以此来引出下文。但若是应用文(邮件、演讲、通知等)，首段/句通常是问候用语，可能还会介绍自己发邮件的目的、演讲的话题、通知的事情主题等。 ②文中设空 针对文中设空的题，考生需要联系上段或者下段所讲的内容，结合逻辑和常识找出相临近两段之间的关系(递进关系、转折关系等)或者联系点(相同/ 近的关键词)，从而选出正确答案。 ③尾段设空 尾段多会对全文的内容进行总结，可能会告诉读者所发生事件的最终结果，主人公的感受和收获，也有可能会点出文章主旨，升华主题，告诉读者一个道理或哲理。但若是应用文(邮件、演讲、通知等)，尾段/句通常是表达美好祝愿、感谢和鼓励之类的话语。 例1（2023年中考E篇） Sailing a boat is great exercise, which can be enjoyed with family or friends. Many people all over the world sail each year. With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them. 66 ● Understand the basics (基础知识). When you’re starting out in sailing, learn the basics first. 67 It works like any sailboat-with sails to catch the wind and push the boat forward. The sailor, the person working the boat, has to be able to move the sails, as well as use a rudder (舵) in order to direct the boat where they want it to go. ● Find sailing near you. The most important lesson you can learn in sailing is how to do it safely, with the help of experienced sailing coaches. 68 Then ask your parents to call them to find out what lessons or camps they have for kids in your age group. ● Prepare for your lesson. As a beginner, your lesson will start on land. You’ll learn skills, like how to raise the sails by pulling on the lines. 69 It includes the boat and a life vest (救生衣). Ask what type of shoes you should wear, and dress in clothes that will dry easily. ● 70 Remember to always wear your life vest on or near water, even when you’re on the dock (码头). Don’t go near a boat or take one out unless your parents agree, and never sail or swim alone. A. Stay safe. B. Here’s how to get started. C. You should begin on a small boat made for kids. D. The lesson should also provide most of what you need to sail. E. First, find sailing clubs and search for youth lessons near you. 例2（2024年中考E篇） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 How to give a presentation Giving a presentation is never easy. There is a lot of preparation to do. During the actual presentation, you need to appear relaxed, calm and confident (自信的). Your body language needs to show this. ____46____ Here are a few suggestions. ●Position ____47____ And try to avoid turning your back, or lowering your eyes too often if you’re looking at any notes. ●Hands Avoid touching things like your hair, nose or pens. ____48____ It may feel uncomfortable, but you’ll look relaxed. Also, avoid crossing your arms, or putting your hands behind your back or in your pockets. ●Gesture (姿态) Use gestures to help your classmates understand what you’re saying. You can use your hands to make your points clearer in your speech. Keep your feet apart and stand confidently. ____49____ Remember, look confident! ●Eye contact (交流) Remember to keep eye contact with your classmates. Choose someone to look at in one area and stay with them for a sentence or two. ____50____ Plan for success, look good, sound good and know your material! But above all, have fun with your presentation! A. And try to keep your arms by your side. B. Keep your shoulders back and your head up. C. Make sure you’re always facing your classmates. D. Then move to another area and choose someone else. E. But do you know what to do with your body during a presentation? 例3（2022年中考E篇） Cyclists need to be more careful than other road users, as it’s much easier for you to get hurt. Remember that when you are on a cycle, you have no protection from dangers around you. ___46___ Don’t use your mobile phone while cycling. This is because you need to look out for the road and other traffic. You should always wear a helmet as this can cut down the risk of getting hurt on the head in an accident. Do not change your direction suddenly. ___47___ Always look carefully before you start, stop or turn. Let drivers know you have seen them. ___48___ If not, why not? Brakes must work well in all conditions: dry and wet. Are the tyres in good condition to make sure of the safety of your trip? Traffic laws apply (适用) to you as a cyclist, as well as other road users. ___49___ It is against the law for them to take the following actions. ●Jump red lights, including lights at pedestrian (行人) crossings, unless there’s a sign showing that cyclists are allowed to do this. ● ___50___ ●Cycle the wrong way up a one-way street, unless there’s a sign showing that cyclists can do so. A. Cyclists must obey traffic laws. B. Is your bike checked from time to time? C. Here are some suggestions on how to keep safe. D. Show drivers what you plan to do in plenty of time. E. Ride across pedestrian crossings, unless you are allowed to. 中考模拟试题 1.（2024·广东深圳·一模）Lulu, a Hungarian PhD student at Tsinghua University first came to Beijing in 2017. Here she found her greatest passion-Peking Opera. 1 “I found it really amazing,” she said. “The outfits (服装) were , of course, wonderful, and the movements were so delicate (精妙的). 2 It is so much different from Western opera.” Out of interest, she joined the Peking Opera group of Tsinghua University. That made her know that Peking Opera is much more than just the looks. The group’s members practice twice a week and have a full rehearsal (排练) on Fridays. Mostly they practice singing and movement. 3 “In the beginning, my throat was in constant pain, because I was using my voice in the wrong way,” she said. 4 There are other international students in the group “I really love it that Peking Opera brings us together,” she said. “I do believe that art has no boundaries (界限) an music has no language barriers. 5 ” A．The face-painting was something I'd never seen before. B．I hope I can share this passion of mine with people outside China. C．Her favorite place to hang out is the hutong of Beijing. D．The first time she saw Peking Opera was at an opera museum E．But with the help of teachers, she has improved a lot. F．The biggest problem Lulu had was learning the Asian way of singing. 2.（2024·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个是多余选项。 Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? This saying is often used to test whether people are positive (积极的) or negative (消极的). 1 . If a man is half-empty, he is negative and always thinks about the bad things in life. 2 . Research shows that positive thinkers will experience less stress when faced with challenges. Thinking positively can make people happier and more successful. This is because positive thinkers believe their goals are achievable and within reaching. 3 . Everybody worries from time to time. 4 . It’s like a fire alarm that keeps us safe. If you never worry about how things would turn out, you won’t find risks around you. The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t huge danger to face. When this happens, you will feel hopeless. Positive thinking is usually shaped by our genes (基因) which are carried by our parents. 5 . Research has shown that it can help to write or draw a thing that’s great. For example, you can draw a picture of you playing the guitar, having passed your next term. Imagining this can encourage you to work to achieve it, such as practicing every day. A．Positive thinking often starts with self-talk. B．So, they are encouraged to work towards them. C．There are many advantages of positive thinking. D．However, everyone can learn to think positively. E．Worrying is that our brain warns us that there may be risks. F．If a man is positive about everything, he’s a glass-half-full person. 3.（2024·山东青岛·一模） Anti-Bullying Day What’s Anti-Bullying Day (反霸凌日)? Anti-Bullying Day is a special day when people talk about bullying and what we can do to stop it. A lot of children take part in activities at school and online to learn about what bullying means and what we can do if we see it happening. When is Anti-Bullying Day? The date of Anti-Bullying Day is different in different countries. In many places, it’s on 4 May (United Nations Anti-Bullying Day). In the UK, Anti-Bullying Week takes place every November. 1 What exactly is bullying? Often bullying happens when one person has more power (权力) than the other person. 2 When someone uses their power to hurt another person on purpose, especially more than once, that’s bullying. Bullying can be with words (saying mean things) or it can be physical (hitting, pushing or taking someone’s things). 3 How can we stand up against bullying? If someone is bullying you, you could ignore (忽略) them, tell them to stop or walk away. Pretend (假装) that you don’t care and try to look confident, even if you don’t feel it. Tell a friend or a classmate what’s happening and ask them to help. 4 If you see someone else being bullied, never join in with the bullying or laugh at it. That will make it even worse. 5 Tell a trusted adult about the bullying. If we all stand up against bullying, we can make it stop. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。 A．The government is paying increasing attention to the issue of bullying. B．Instead, be an “upstander” —help and support the person who is being bullied. C．Leaving someone out of a group or ignoring (忽视) them again and again is also bullying. D．Every day of the year, it’s important to stand up against bullying. E．Perhaps they’re bigger or older, or they have more friends. F．Also you could talk to your parents, a teacher or another adult you trust. 4.（2024·贵州·模拟预测）根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we? 1 Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport? 2 Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it? 3 If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon (马拉松): you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. 4 It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance. 5 Who wouldn’t want that? A．Start small! B．That way, you’ll never give it up! C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier. D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body. E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. F．If you don’t exercise for a long time, it will be useless. 5.（2024·贵州毕节·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 AI-powered speech translation (人工智能语音翻译) is nothing new nowadays. The working step is to record speech, change it into text, translate that into another language, and change it back to speech. 1 Usually, some official languages, like English or French, can be easily translated. Many other kinds of languages can’t be recorded by the system in advance. 2 After all, we note that about 3,000 languages in the world only have spoken forms. A new open-source system that can translate speech from one language into another in real time can solve this problem. With the help of technology, communication can be much easier. The new system is hoped to be used to improve communication in both the real world and the virtual (虚拟的) world. So far, the system is only able to provide easy translations between English and Hokkien. Hokkien is another name for the Minnan language. 3 The system uses several ways to perform this task, including translating speech into acoustics (声学) and then forming wave forms from it. Next, AI models will be trained by using Standard Chinese text as a translator between English and Hok-kien. 4 According to a researcher, however, this is just the first step toward making real-time translation between languages and reality in the future. 5 Only by breaking down language difficulties, such AI technology will hopefully lead to greater understanding among speakers of different languages. A．However, this method has clear disadvantages. B．Because they don’t have standard written forms. C．There is still a long way to go for the technology. D．The translation from AI technology isn’t so good as that by human. E．At present, the system can simply translate only one sentence at a time. F．It’s a kind of local Chinese language that does not have a standard written form. 6.（2024·贵州毕节·模拟预测）The consumption concept (消费理念) and lifestyle of the younger generation are quietly changing. 1 It means that people no longer blindly buy very expensive things such as brand-name bags, but pay more attention to the cost performance (性价比). 2 Compared with traditional consumption patterns, it refuses to keep buying new products, and pays more attention to the quality of products. This concept has gradually become popular among the younger generation and has influenced their buying decisions. The younger generation is gradually realizing that material wealth does not bring true happiness. They focus (关注) more on personal growth, spiritual wealth and the building of social relationships. 3 The younger generation is also increasingly concerned about the environment. 4 As a result, they begin to reduce the influence on the environment through this new type of consumption. What’s more, the rise of reverse consumption will encourage changes in society as a whole. It is driving companies to take social and environmental responsibility more seriously, and to focus more on social interests (社会利益) in product design and production. Reverse consumption also influences people’s understanding of the quality of life. Young people value inner satisfaction more. 5 A．So they begin to pay more attention to their inner needs. B．A new term—reverse consumption—has come into being. C．Reverse consumption actually encourages people not to waste. D．They realize that blind consumption may cause environmental pollution. E．They can achieve a more meaningful life through this consumption pattern. F．Most young people spend much time shopping on the Internet when they’re free. 7.（2024·山西晋中·三模）It can be really embarrassing if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! 1 You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Speaking out loud is like showing this quiet speech. 2 When you talk to and encourage yourself, you will be more self-confident. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers put them into two groups. One group said nothing while playing. 3 They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and performed better than those in the silent group. 4 “When people talk to themselves in the third person, the way they think is more similar to how they think about others,” said Jason Moser, a professor from Michigan State University, US. This can help us see things from a different point of view, especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. Self-talk also helps improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. 5 It’s because the information is likely to become a long-term memory if said out loud. A．The other talked to themselves while playing. B．Talking to yourself is actually helpful in many ways. C．As a result, it can help us do better in different areas too. D．Talking to yourself can also help you manage bad feelings. E．If you can’t talk to yourself, you can write a note to yourself. F．It turned out that those who read aloud recalled the information the best. 8.（2024·广东深圳·三模）以下是一则短文，请阅读短文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Many factors can affect a good night’s sleep—from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. 1 You might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep. However, you can develop habits that bring you better sleep. Stick to a sleep schedule. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time each day, even at the weekend. Of course, it’s natural to have nights when you stay up later than usual, whether you’re preparing for the next morning or having fun at a party. 2 But try to go to bed at your usual time the following evening. 3 Don’t go to bed hungry or on a full stomach. Remember to avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Don’t smoke or drink alcohol (酒) either. Even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can stop you from sleeping later in the night. Get up when you can’t sleep. On some nights, it can be difficult to fall asleep or stay asleep. 4 If you toss and turn for 20 minutes or more, get out of bed and do something relaxing like reading a book or listening to music. Then return to bed and try again. Include physical activity in your daily routine (常规). A daytime routine is just as important as a bedtime routine. Including physical exercise into your routine can help you feel more tired at night and promote better sleep. You can spend some time outside every day. 5 A．It’s OK if you stay up late sometimes. B．Stress management might help you. C．Pay attention to what you eat and drink. D．However, avoid being active just before bedtime. E．It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes difficult to get. F．You may toss and turn (辗转反侧), count sheep and become upset. 9.（2024·山东烟台·一模）Bob was a student in Grade Nine. His parents went gambling (赌博) day and night. Nobody cared about him. 1 So his teachers didn’t like him, nor did his classmates play with him. Bill often slept in class because his heart was not in school. He almost gave himself up. One day, Miss Black, a new teacher, came to his class. 2 It was Miss Black’s class. She was asking a question. “I’d like the smartest boy to answer my question.” Then she said loudly, “Bob, please!” Bob was surprised and he stood up without a word. “Just try it! I believe you can!” After school, Miss Black had a long talk with him. 3 That evening Bob thought a lot. From then on he arrived at school on time every day. Miss Black helped him with his homework every afternoon. 4 She told him, “Nothing is impossible if you put your heart in it.” Later, Miss Black gave another exam. Bob did it with all his heart. 5 Now He discovered that not only could he learn, but he could do it well. A change took place in his heart. A．She even cooked delicious food for him. B．He was very excited to find that he had passed the exam. C．He loved to communicate with his parents when he got home. D．She was a smiling, beautiful woman. E．She told him that she cared about him and believed in him. F．He always failed in his exams. 10.（2024·湖北·模拟预测）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 As Chinese, we learn and use Chinese characters (汉字) all the time. 1 At first, the characters were paintings about the things people saw in their daily lives. However, it is quite impossible to describe so many things by drawing. 2 Among them, jiaguwen is the earliest kind of Chinese character. Then it developed into different forms in different times. 3 In its form, we can still find the image of a loong (龙): the part on the left is its head, while “立” is its horns (角) and eyes and “月” is its mouth, and the right part is its body. Next, is there a deeper meaning hidden behind it? In fact, there is no loong in real life. 4 It is said that the loong really played an important role in farming, so people looked up to it very much. And as time went on, the loong’s role in people’s thoughts became more and more important. 5 That’s why the ancient emperors’ clothes always had the image of “loong” while common people’s didn’t. Nowadays, we are known as the “descendants (传人) of the loong”, so “loong” also stands for China. In a word, Chinese characters are a valuable part of Chinese culture. We have the duty to study and spread them. In this way, more and more people will know China better in the future. A．One of my favorite hanzi is “龍”. B．Later, it became the symbol of power. C．But do you know their development and spirit? D．It is just an animal created in Chinese stories. E．So some hanzi may have different meanings in different times. F．So hanzi needs to develop and it turns into different forms. 11.（2024·湖北·模拟预测）阅读短文, 从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺、连贯. 选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to relax your mind Nowadays, people everywhere seem to find less and less time available to them, and more and more things to achieve. It’s quite common to find people running around like headless chickens meeting deadlines that they create. One doesn’t have to live this way, in stress and struggle. 1 Breathe—I can’t stress enough the importance of learning how to breathe properly, and not only when you’re stressed, but at all times that you can. Learning how to breathe properly at all times is essential. You should try to deepen and lengthen your breath to lower the stress level and promote relaxation. 2 Relax—We often think that just going to the gym and working out is the right way to go to relax ourselves. 3 A good hard workout is good from time to time, but you are still running at full steam ahead and not giving yourself time to relax. So lighting some fragrant candles, taking a slow hot bath or a shower, or meditating for even 10 minutes will do wonders to help you relax your mind and get out of the stress zone. Let it all out— 4 So calling or meeting up with a person who can listen to and empathize with us is often a great way to relax. It’s important that we don’t go into victim mode and get too negative. When we let out our frustrations, it should be done in a positive manner, and with light heartedness, even joking about the stress we’re under. 5 —Probably one of the most difficult skills at first to master, but in the end one of the most rewarding to learn in our fast-paced society is the attitude of gratitude. We can do some gratitude list making right on the spot to get out of our heads and to be away from all that we wish we had but don’t, and to be thankful for all that we do have. I swear learning how to do this will relax you in a way that will change your life for a better one. Hopefully this article helped you to find an answer to your question about how to relax your mind from stress. Try these techniques and let us know, what works best for you. A．Be thankful to your friends. B．Be grateful for what you have. C．But this pace doesn’t do much for our mind or stress levels. D．In this article we will present a few tips on how to relax your mind from stress. E．In addition, deeper breathing helps to get rid of harmful substances in your lungs. F．Sometimes we need to just let out our frustrations and worries to a close friend. 12.（2024·山西朔州·模拟预测）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 Joking around with someone can be a pleasing thing. However, people may see it differently. 1 The jokes will become worse when you show you can’t accept them. You need to catch the fine line between laughing with someone and laughing at them. 2 To make a tease (取笑) feel proper, we need to consider the relationship between each other. A healthy tease should make both sides feel relaxed. When both sides know it’s simply a joke, a feeling of understanding can be created. The environment is important for close relationships. 3 But it doesn’t matter if your sister calls you by your nickname (绰号) when you’re at home. Meanwhile, different people have different views on jokes. When making a joke, we naturally see the funny side of it. 4 We don’t know what experiences they have had, so we don’t know how they might understand the joke. Imagine a swimming party where one person doesn’t get in the pool. Others might tease him or her for not joining in or being unable to swim. But what if that person is afraid of water? Those doing the teasing might say they didn’t know. 5 Good relationships can be formed without putting others down. In our daily lives,we should pay attention to our words and actions and care about others’ feelings. A．The level of relationship is key. B．But other people might not see it in the same way. C．Sometimes it may make people feel angry and painful. D．Teasing is a good way to help people build friendships. E．People might have their own personal reasons for not seeing the funny side. F．You may not feel good when you’re called by your nickname across the playground. 13.（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Love is not a single feeling. Although we love our family and friends, sometimes we just don’t know how to show our love to them. In fact, people give love in different ways. Each way can be called a “love language”. 1 First, offering praise. 2 Praise means attention and care. “You’ve done a good job.” “These shoes look nice on you.”… Such praise will make others pleased. 3 A gift means “I care about you.” The gift does not have to be expensive. Perhaps a piece of chocolate is OK. Third, spending time together. Have a relaxing time and do things we all enjoy. Don’t be busy all the time. Have a picnic with the family. 4 Fourth, being a good listener. 5 When someone is down, what he wants is to be understood. Don’t talk about ourselves too much. These love languages help us to express love. They also make us understand love from others. 根据短文内容，将下面的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺。（每个选项只能用一次） A．This kind of language uses words to show love. B．Or visit grandparents to talk to them. C．Second, giving gifts. D．Be ready to listen and try to understand. E．Here are some love languages. F．Here is my advice. 14.（2024·海南海口·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery (抢劫) on the way to and from school. 1 Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students some advice. If you are robbed Keep calm. 2 Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later. If you are in a traffic accident If a car hits you, you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don't know how seriously you are hurt. 3 Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees. If there is a fire Run away as fast as you can. 4 Do not take the lift. If someone is drowning (溺水) If you can’t swim, don’t get into the water. 5 Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all times! A．Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. B．If it is raining hard and there is lightning (闪电). C．Cry out for help. D．How to stop danger and save lives if it really happens？ E．Fight with the robber (抢劫者). F．If you can not cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. 15.（2024·湖北十堰·三模）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public spirited young person was now a university student. 1 Bert found his love early in life. When he was around 4 or 5, he always lived to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails (凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. 2 But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to interest swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers. 3 He raised a large number of swallowtails in it over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. 4 to make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students. Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. He thought it was really meaningful. He said, “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. 5 ” Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight. A．He used to do something for the earth. B．Bert started a zinnia garden at his house. C．They develop a new appreciation (欣赏) for them. D．And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. E．And he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school F．His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future. 16.（2024·湖北十堰·二模）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The world itself is becoming smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means (通讯设备). 1 But it has brought new problems, too. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways—we see it, smell it, drink it, even hear it. People have been polluting the earth. 2 Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world. 3 It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily. 4 They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO₂ is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true that if there are few people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. 5 And something must be done to prevent the pollution from still rising at the same time. A．We must try to keep the land, water and air clean. B．They always play a part in protecting the earth. C．It makes life today much easier and much more convenient. D．Air pollution is the most serious now. E．Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. F．The more people, the more pollution. 17.（2024·山西运城·三模）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 Most people love animals. Many children’s books use animals as the main characters. 1 The love for animals may be why both children and adults enjoy going to zoos. Zoo visiting goes back to ancient times. In the past, zoos were usually started by rich people. 2 At that time, raising animals was a way for people to show their wealth and power. Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care. So many of them died or got ill. Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they are set up to protect animals and teach people as well. 3 For example, people must provide animals with a clean place to live, food and water, and health care. Besides, the visitors are not allowed to feed the animals with their own food. In this way, the rules help protect the animals well. 4 They want to do more to protect animals they love. Some of them were against the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show. They also thought the animals were not treated properly. With so many people against the shows, some zoos stopped them. People see animals in zoos. 5 Both people and animals can get a lot from each other. In this way, people could live in harmony with animals. A．Animals don’t like living in zoos. B．Zoos must follow some certain rules. C．Many people look after animals as pets. D．Some people think the rules are not enough. E．The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC． F．At the same time, they try to learn about how to protect them well. 18.（2024·山西大同·三模）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 We have a saying that “Filial piety is the most important of all virtues (百善孝为先) ”. So you know how important it is for the Chinese to love and take care of their parents. 1 It is recorded through many different stories. Chinese parents usually set a good example for children. Every week they go to visit their parents and look after them. 2 When children’s parents get sick, they do the same things. 3 Parents do so many things for children. They feed and teach their kids. It’s natural that kids want to pay them back. As teenagers, filial piety may just mean not always arguing with parents, and trying to behave well. In China, many schools have activities about filial piety. Children are asked to cook for parents. They help wash parents’ feet. These are all actions of the greatest kindness. 4 Confucius (孔子) believed that only if everyone is good to their parents can they be good to other people. Then there won’t be many fights, Then we could bring peace to the world. Filial piety is not just about loving your parents. 5 It can improve the development of the family, society, and country. A．Filial piety is a natural thing. B．Instead, it’s about loving everyone! C．Sometimes we disagree with parents. D．This traditional value has been passed down. E．Then children get the idea to care for them as well. F．Children develop stronger love for parents through them. 19.（2024·海南海口·三模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secret there. Scuba-diving is a new sport today. 1 You will find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus. 2 Some can even give out light in the dark. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and green. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water and explore the world for a long time. 3 And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water. 4 It’s cold, and it’s dark, too. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is. About3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Besides the cold and the darkness, deep sea animals are facing the danger of other animals, too. 5 Many animals eat plants. However, some feed on other sea animals. A．Some have sharp teeth. B．Animals must find food to eat. C．However, you can’t dive too deep. D．The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. E．It can take you into a wonderful undersea world. F．Scuba-diving is becoming more and more popular now. 20.（2024·湖北宜昌·三模）阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Students often ask their students which dictionary is the best. In fact, there is not one “best “dictionary. 1 , like an English-English dictionary. It explains an English word only in English instead of in Chinese or other language. 2 , but it has some big advantages of learning English. 3 . When you use an English-English dictionary, you will keep your mind only on English. The second advantage is that you will learn how to explain words in English. 4 , you can buy a “learner’s dictionary”. The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, the Longman Learner’s Dictionary, and the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary all have easy definitions (释义) and excellent example sentences. 5 , you can buy any kind of dictionary. A．One advantage is that it will help you to think in English B．If your English is already quite good C．If your English is not so good D．At last, you will find it much easier to study English by using a dictionary. E．For all students, it’s better to use a monolingual dictionary (单语词典) F．At first, using such a dictionary is difficult 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 语篇补全（六选五）解题技巧及20篇训练 考查考生对文章框架结构和对语篇逻辑关系把握的能力，要求考生根据文章内容和结构从短文后的六个选项中（通常为完整的句子），选出五个能填入文章空白处的最佳选项。具体包括理解全篇主旨大意，识别主题句，以及句与句之间的逻辑关系，段落与段落之间的逻辑关系等。设空以逻辑关系为线索，侧重补充完整后文章情节的合理性。 (1)解题步骤： ①通读全文，掌握文章大意。考生应先通读全文，尤其是首尾两段，掌握整篇文章的主旨大意。 ②分析备选项，细读全文。通读全文之后，考生应分析备选项，找出关键词，根据文章结构、逻辑关系试填答案。要重点读设空处前后的句子，里面常含有代词、连接词、时态等有助于解题的关键线索。前面出现过的人或物，为了避免重复，后面会用相应的代词来指代；为使行文连贯，结构清晰，文中会用连接词来表明前后句子之间的关系，如because/so表因果关系，but/however表转折关系，what's more/besides表递进关系等；文章有时因为叙述的需要，也会涉及不同的时态。利用这些弄清段落之间、句子之间的关系，做题时就能有的放矢，提高准确率。 ③复读全文，验证答案。将选好的句子代入文中，重新阅读全文，从语意、语境的角度核查所选句子是否正确。 (2)解题技巧： ①首段设空 说明文的首段起总起的作用，引出所要介绍的事物，引出下文；记叙文的首段通常会交代事情发生的背景，包括人物、时间、事件等，以此来引出下文。但若是应用文(邮件、演讲、通知等)，首段/句通常是问候用语，可能还会介绍自己发邮件的目的、演讲的话题、通知的事情主题等。 ②文中设空 针对文中设空的题，考生需要联系上段或者下段所讲的内容，结合逻辑和常识找出相临近两段之间的关系(递进关系、转折关系等)或者联系点(相同/ 近的关键词)，从而选出正确答案。 ③尾段设空 尾段多会对全文的内容进行总结，可能会告诉读者所发生事件的最终结果，主人公的感受和收获，也有可能会点出文章主旨，升华主题，告诉读者一个道理或哲理。但若是应用文(邮件、演讲、通知等)，尾段/句通常是表达美好祝愿、感谢和鼓励之类的话语。 例1（2023年中考E篇） Sailing a boat is great exercise, which can be enjoyed with family or friends. Many people all over the world sail each year. With some lessons and practice, you could be one of them. 66 ● Understand the basics (基础知识). When you’re starting out in sailing, learn the basics first. 67 It works like any sailboat-with sails to catch the wind and push the boat forward. The sailor, the person working the boat, has to be able to move the sails, as well as use a rudder (舵) in order to direct the boat where they want it to go. ● Find sailing near you. The most important lesson you can learn in sailing is how to do it safely, with the help of experienced sailing coaches. 68 Then ask your parents to call them to find out what lessons or camps they have for kids in your age group. ● Prepare for your lesson. As a beginner, your lesson will start on land. You’ll learn skills, like how to raise the sails by pulling on the lines. 69 It includes the boat and a life vest (救生衣). Ask what type of shoes you should wear, and dress in clothes that will dry easily. ● 70 Remember to always wear your life vest on or near water, even when you’re on the dock (码头). Don’t go near a boat or take one out unless your parents agree, and never sail or swim alone. A. Stay safe. B. Here’s how to get started. C. You should begin on a small boat made for kids. D. The lesson should also provide most of what you need to sail. E. First, find sailing clubs and search for youth lessons near you. 【答案解析】 66.B 本题设空位置在文章第一段，因而一般是比较总结性的话语，且根据下文提的四个方法或建议可推断，本题答案为B。 67.C 本题设空位置在段落中间，所以联系空格前后句子，空格前说“先学基础的技巧” 提示初学者刚开始学的建议：先在小孩子用的小帆船上练习（比较简单），核对内容后可知本题答案选C。 68.E 本题位于“Find sailing near you.” 这个主题建议下面，根据空格前面提到的 “学习sailing需要保证安全，找专业的教练学习” 和 “ 请父母帮忙询问合适的课程” 推断出要 “找帆船俱乐部，咨询学习sailing 的课程。”故答案选 E。 69.D 本题设空位置在段落中间，根据本段开头两句可知是在描述课程的细节，根据空格后面的 “It includes the boat and a life vest.” 逻辑判断前面应该讲：这课程为你提供你学开帆船的必备物件。 故答案选A。 70.A 本题设空位置在段落开头，且为单独段落，所以答案应该是一个完整的建议，在根据下面段落的描述：要穿救生衣、......不要独自学驾驶帆船，可知是提示注意安全，故答案选E。 例2（2024年中考E篇） 阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的五个选项中选出能填入短文空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，意思完整。 How to give a presentation Giving a presentation is never easy. There is a lot of preparation to do. During the actual presentation, you need to appear relaxed, calm and confident (自信的). Your body language needs to show this. ____46____ Here are a few suggestions. ●Position ____47____ And try to avoid turning your back, or lowering your eyes too often if you’re looking at any notes. ●Hands Avoid touching things like your hair, nose or pens. ____48____ It may feel uncomfortable, but you’ll look relaxed. Also, avoid crossing your arms, or putting your hands behind your back or in your pockets. ●Gesture (姿态) Use gestures to help your classmates understand what you’re saying. You can use your hands to make your points clearer in your speech. Keep your feet apart and stand confidently. ____49____ Remember, look confident! ●Eye contact (交流) Remember to keep eye contact with your classmates. Choose someone to look at in one area and stay with them for a sentence or two. ____50____ Plan for success, look good, sound good and know your material! But above all, have fun with your presentation! A. And try to keep your arms by your side. B. Keep your shoulders back and your head up. C. Make sure you’re always facing your classmates. D. Then move to another area and choose someone else. E. But do you know what to do with your body during a presentation? 【答案】46. E 47. C 48. A 49. B 50. D 【解析】本文介绍了如何演讲的身体语言建议。 46.根据“Here are a few suggestions.”和下文可知，此处引出下文的身体语言，E选项“但是你知道演讲的时候我们的身体做什么吗”符合语境。故选E。 47.根据“And try to avoid turning your back, or lowering your eyes too often if you’re looking at any notes.”可知此处介绍演讲的位置，C选项“确保你总会面对同学”符合语境。故选C。 48.根据Hands和“Avoid touching things like your hair, nose or pens.”可知此处介绍手部动作，A选项“试着把你的手臂放在身体两侧”符合语境。故选A。 49.根据“Gesture”可知此处介绍姿势，B选项“肩膀向后仰，头向上”符合语境。故选B。 50.根据“Remember to keep eye contact with your classmates. Choose someone to look at in one area and stay with them for a sentence or two.”可知此处介绍眼神交流，D选项“然后到另一个地方，选中其他人”符合语境。故选D。 例3（2022年中考E篇） Cyclists need to be more careful than other road users, as it’s much easier for you to get hurt. Remember that when you are on a cycle, you have no protection from dangers around you. ___46___ Don’t use your mobile phone while cycling. This is because you need to look out for the road and other traffic. You should always wear a helmet as this can cut down the risk of getting hurt on the head in an accident. Do not change your direction suddenly. ___47___ Always look carefully before you start, stop or turn. Let drivers know you have seen them. ___48___ If not, why not? Brakes must work well in all conditions: dry and wet. Are the tyres in good condition to make sure of the safety of your trip? Traffic laws apply (适用) to you as a cyclist, as well as other road users. ___49___ It is against the law for them to take the following actions. ●Jump red lights, including lights at pedestrian (行人) crossings, unless there’s a sign showing that cyclists are allowed to do this. ● ___50___ ●Cycle the wrong way up a one-way street, unless there’s a sign showing that cyclists can do so. A. Cyclists must obey traffic laws. B. Is your bike checked from time to time? C. Here are some suggestions on how to keep safe. D. Show drivers what you plan to do in plenty of time. E. Ride across pedestrian crossings, unless you are allowed to. 【答案】46. C 47. D 48. B 49. A 50. E 【解析】本文给出了一些骑自行车如何保持安全的建议。 46.根据“Don’t use your mobile phone while cycling.”；“Do not change your direction suddenly.”可知，此处是一些保持安全的建议。选项C“这里有一些关于如何保持安全的建议。”符合语境。故选C。 47.根据“Do not change your direction suddenly.”以及“Always look carefully before, you Start, stop or turn.”可知，此处是介绍开车时的一些建议。选项D“向司机展示您计划在充足的时间内做什么。”符合语境。故选D。 48.根据“If not, why not? Brakes must work well in all conditions:”可知，此处是在说自行车检查的一些事项。选项B“您的自行车是否经常检查？”符合语境。故选B。 49.根据“Traffic laws apply to you as a cyclist, as well as other road users.”可知，此处是和骑自行车者的交通法有关。选项A“骑自行车的人必须遵守交通法规。”符合语境。故选A。 50.根据“It is against the law for them to take the following actions.”可知，此处是说介绍一些违反交通法的行为。选项E“除非允许，否则请穿过人行横道。”符合语境。故选E。 中考模拟试题 1.（2024·广东深圳·一模）Lulu, a Hungarian PhD student at Tsinghua University first came to Beijing in 2017. Here she found her greatest passion-Peking Opera. 1 “I found it really amazing,” she said. “The outfits (服装) were , of course, wonderful, and the movements were so delicate (精妙的). 2 It is so much different from Western opera.” Out of interest, she joined the Peking Opera group of Tsinghua University. That made her know that Peking Opera is much more than just the looks. The group’s members practice twice a week and have a full rehearsal (排练) on Fridays. Mostly they practice singing and movement. 3 “In the beginning, my throat was in constant pain, because I was using my voice in the wrong way,” she said. 4 There are other international students in the group “I really love it that Peking Opera brings us together,” she said. “I do believe that art has no boundaries (界限) an music has no language barriers. 5 ” A．The face-painting was something I'd never seen before. B．I hope I can share this passion of mine with people outside China. C．Her favorite place to hang out is the hutong of Beijing. D．The first time she saw Peking Opera was at an opera museum E．But with the help of teachers, she has improved a lot. F．The biggest problem Lulu had was learning the Asian way of singing. 【答案】1．D 2．A 3．F 4．E 5．B 【导语】本文为记叙文，讲述的是一位来自匈牙利的清华留学生自来到北京后，就对京剧产生了浓厚的喜爱。因此加入了清华大学的京剧团，同时交了很多朋友。 1．根据后面提到“I found it really amazing”，说明Lulu对某件事情感到惊叹。此处为Lulu对京剧产生好感的开端也是原因，且根据第二段的整个个人观点描述可知，应是一件具体经历，选项D“我第一次看见京剧是在京剧博物馆”符合情景。故选D。 2．根据上文“The outfits (服装) were , of course, wonderful, and the movements were so delicate (精妙的).”可知，此处是Lulu在回忆那场京剧的具体细节，选项A“画脸是我从没看过的”符合情景。故选A。 3．根据下文“In the beginning, my throat was in constant pain, because I was using my voice in the wrong way,”可知，此处需要过渡句来引出Lulu由于用嗓方式不对而导致嗓子疼，选项F“Lulu在学习过程中最大的问题就是学亚洲式唱腔”符合情景。故选F。 4．根据上下文可知，此处需对上文的“唱腔唱不好”有一个总结，选项E“但是在老师的帮助下，她进步了许多”符合情景。故选E。 5．根据上下文可知，此处为本段最后一句，又因上文“I really love it that Peking Opera brings us together,”以及“I do believe that art has no boundaries (界限) an music has no language barriers.”可知，本段一直在说“艺术无界限”，而横线句应对这部分总结，选项B“我希望我可以和其他国家的人分享我的热情“符合情景。故选B。 2.（2024·海南省直辖县级单位·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，其中有一个是多余选项。 Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? This saying is often used to test whether people are positive (积极的) or negative (消极的). 1 . If a man is half-empty, he is negative and always thinks about the bad things in life. 2 . Research shows that positive thinkers will experience less stress when faced with challenges. Thinking positively can make people happier and more successful. This is because positive thinkers believe their goals are achievable and within reaching. 3 . Everybody worries from time to time. 4 . It’s like a fire alarm that keeps us safe. If you never worry about how things would turn out, you won’t find risks around you. The trouble is that sometimes it goes off when there isn’t huge danger to face. When this happens, you will feel hopeless. Positive thinking is usually shaped by our genes (基因) which are carried by our parents. 5 . Research has shown that it can help to write or draw a thing that’s great. For example, you can draw a picture of you playing the guitar, having passed your next term. Imagining this can encourage you to work to achieve it, such as practicing every day. A．Positive thinking often starts with self-talk. B．So, they are encouraged to work towards them. C．There are many advantages of positive thinking. D．However, everyone can learn to think positively. E．Worrying is that our brain warns us that there may be risks. F．If a man is positive about everything, he’s a glass-half-full person. 【答案】1．F 2．C 3．B 4．E 5．D 【导语】本文围绕积极思考这一主题，通过列举如用杯子半满或半空来判断积极或消极的例子、阐述积极思考的好处、解释担心的实质以及说明积极思考虽受基因影响但可后天学习等内容，对积极思考相关的多个方面进行了客观、条理清晰的阐释说明。 1．根据上文“Is your glass of milk half-full or half-empty? This saying is often used to test whether people are positive or negative.”和下文“If a man is half-empty, he is negative and always thinks about the bad things in life.”可知，上文用杯子半满或半空来测试人们积极还是消极，而下文提到了半空就是消极的，那么此处应提到半满的情况；选项F “如果一个人对一切都持积极态度，那他就是一个半满杯子的人。”符合语境。故选F。 2．根据下文“Research shows that positive thinkers will experience less stress when faced with challenges. Thinking positively can make people happier and more successful.”可知，阐述了积极思考者面对挑战时压力小，积极思考能让人更快乐、更成功等积极思考的好处，所以此处应引出积极思考有诸多好处这一话题；选项C“积极思考有很多优势。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据上文“This is because positive thinkers believe their goals are achievable and within reaching.”可知，既然认为目标可实现，那么就会被鼓励朝着目标努力；选项B “所以，他们被鼓励朝着目标努力。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据上文“Everybody worries from time to time.”可知，每个人都会时不时担心，那么这里应解释担心的实质；选项E“担心是我们的大脑在警告我们可能有风险。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据上文“Positive thinking is usually shaped by our genes which are carried by our parents.”和下文“Research has shown that it can help to write or draw a thing that’s great.”可知，积极思考通常由父母遗传的基因决定，而下文又说研究表明通过写或画一些很棒的事有帮助，所以此处是指虽然积极思考受基因的影响，但每个人还是可以后天学习积极思考的；选项D“然而，每个人都可以学习积极思考。“符合语境。故选D。 3.（2024·山东青岛·一模） Anti-Bullying Day What’s Anti-Bullying Day (反霸凌日)? Anti-Bullying Day is a special day when people talk about bullying and what we can do to stop it. A lot of children take part in activities at school and online to learn about what bullying means and what we can do if we see it happening. When is Anti-Bullying Day? The date of Anti-Bullying Day is different in different countries. In many places, it’s on 4 May (United Nations Anti-Bullying Day). In the UK, Anti-Bullying Week takes place every November. 1 What exactly is bullying? Often bullying happens when one person has more power (权力) than the other person. 2 When someone uses their power to hurt another person on purpose, especially more than once, that’s bullying. Bullying can be with words (saying mean things) or it can be physical (hitting, pushing or taking someone’s things). 3 How can we stand up against bullying? If someone is bullying you, you could ignore (忽略) them, tell them to stop or walk away. Pretend (假装) that you don’t care and try to look confident, even if you don’t feel it. Tell a friend or a classmate what’s happening and ask them to help. 4 If you see someone else being bullied, never join in with the bullying or laugh at it. That will make it even worse. 5 Tell a trusted adult about the bullying. If we all stand up against bullying, we can make it stop. 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。其中有一项为多余选项。 A．The government is paying increasing attention to the issue of bullying. B．Instead, be an “upstander” —help and support the person who is being bullied. C．Leaving someone out of a group or ignoring (忽视) them again and again is also bullying. D．Every day of the year, it’s important to stand up against bullying. E．Perhaps they’re bigger or older, or they have more friends. F．Also you could talk to your parents, a teacher or another adult you trust. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了反霸凌日及如何对抗霸凌。 1． 根据“ In many places, it’s on 4 May (United Nations Anti-Bullying Day). In the UK, Anti-Bullying Week takes place every November.”可知，是在介绍反霸凌日的时间，选项D“一年中的每一天，站出来反对欺凌都是很重要的。”符合语境。故选D。 2． 根据“Often bullying happens when one person has more power (权力) than the other person.”可知，霸凌通常发生在一个人比另一个人更有权力的时候，选项E“也许他们更大或更老，或者他们有更多的朋友。”符合语境。故选E。 3． 根据“Bullying can be with words (saying mean things) or it can be physical (hitting, pushing or taking someone’s things).”可知，是在介绍霸凌的具体行为，选项C“把某人排除在群体之外或一再忽视他们也是霸凌。”符合语境。故选C。 4． 根据“Tell a friend or a classmate what’s happening and ask them to help.”可知，是介绍要寻求帮助，选项F“你也可以和你的父母、老师或其他你信任的成年人谈谈。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据“If you see someone else being bullied, never join in with the bullying or laugh at it. That will make it even worse.”可知，是介绍看见有人被霸凌应采取的措施，选项B“相反，要做一个‘支持者’——帮助和支持被霸凌的人。”符合语境。故选B。 4.（2024·贵州·模拟预测）根据短文内容，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 We all know that exercise is good for us, don’t we? 1 Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up! However, did you know that exercise is not all about doing sport? 2 Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. Just ten minutes of working out can leave us feeling happier. Moreover, regular exercise helps us feel fresher and get to sleep more easily. Finally, if we connect our exercise with a healthy diet, we will look healthier and feel more confident about ourselves. Sounds like a good deal, doesn’t it? 3 If exercise hasn’t been part of your life for a long time, there is no point training for a marathon (马拉松): you will soon give up and go back to your old ways! Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. Choose an activity that not only exercises your body, but that you also enjoy. Some people simply go jogging while listening to their favourite music. Others take up activities such as dancing or playing basketball with their friends. Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out. 4 It doesn’t matter how much we exercise. Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance. 5 Who wouldn’t want that? A．Start small! B．That way, you’ll never give it up! C．It’s about being healthier and feeling happier. D．For a start, exercise is not just about the body. E．But we also know that not everybody loves doing it. F．If you don’t exercise for a long time, it will be useless. 【答案】1．E 2．D 3．A 4．B 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了与运动相关的一些知识以及建议。 1．根据“Just thinking about having to run or swim a long way can be enough to make some people want to lie down and give up!”可知，光是想想要跑或游泳很远就足以让一些人想躺下放弃，说明有些人不喜欢运动，选项E“但我们也知道，并不是每个人都喜欢做运动。”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据“Moving our bodies causes our brains to give out some special chemicals that create a good feeling. ”可知，移动我们的身体会导致我们的大脑释放出一些特殊的化学物质，从而产生良好的感觉，这是锻炼对精神层面的影响，说明锻炼不仅仅对身体有影响，选项D“首先，锻炼不仅仅与身体有关。”符合语境。故选D。 3．根据“Walking and riding bikes around the local park for ten minutes every day are great ways to develop a fitness habit. ”可知，每天在当地公园散步和骑自行车十分钟是养成健身习惯的好方法，因此此处表示要从少量的运动开始，选项A“从小事开始。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“Make the experience more enjoyable as you work out.”可知，在锻炼时让体验更加愉快，此处表示愉快锻炼的好处，选项B“这样，你永远不会放弃它。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据前文“Doing regular exercise isn’t just about appearance.”可知，定期锻炼不仅仅是为了外表，选项C“它是关于更健康和更快乐。”符合语境，进一步说明锻炼的好处。故选C。 5.（2024·贵州毕节·模拟预测）阅读下面短文，从6个选项中选出能分别填入5个小题空白处的最佳选项。 AI-powered speech translation (人工智能语音翻译) is nothing new nowadays. The working step is to record speech, change it into text, translate that into another language, and change it back to speech. 1 Usually, some official languages, like English or French, can be easily translated. Many other kinds of languages can’t be recorded by the system in advance. 2 After all, we note that about 3,000 languages in the world only have spoken forms. A new open-source system that can translate speech from one language into another in real time can solve this problem. With the help of technology, communication can be much easier. The new system is hoped to be used to improve communication in both the real world and the virtual (虚拟的) world. So far, the system is only able to provide easy translations between English and Hokkien. Hokkien is another name for the Minnan language. 3 The system uses several ways to perform this task, including translating speech into acoustics (声学) and then forming wave forms from it. Next, AI models will be trained by using Standard Chinese text as a translator between English and Hok-kien. 4 According to a researcher, however, this is just the first step toward making real-time translation between languages and reality in the future. 5 Only by breaking down language difficulties, such AI technology will hopefully lead to greater understanding among speakers of different languages. A．However, this method has clear disadvantages. B．Because they don’t have standard written forms. C．There is still a long way to go for the technology. D．The translation from AI technology isn’t so good as that by human. E．At present, the system can simply translate only one sentence at a time. F．It’s a kind of local Chinese language that does not have a standard written form. 【答案】1．A 2．B 3．F 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要介绍了人工智能语音翻译技术的现状和发展前景。 1．根据前文“The working step is to record speech, change it into text, translate that into another language, and change it back to speech.”可知，此处先介绍了人工智能语音翻译已经开始运用了，并且描述了其工作步骤，结合下文，这里应指出现有方法的缺陷。选项A“然而，这种方法有明显的缺点。”符合语境。故选A。 2．根据前文“Many other kinds of languages can’t be recorded by the system in advance.”及后文“After all, we note that about 3,000 languages in the world only have spoken forms.”可知，很多其他种类的语言是系统无法提前记录的，且很多语言只有口头形式。选项B“因为他们没有标准的书面形式。”符合语境。故选B。 3．根据前文“So far, the system is only able to provide easy translations between English and Hokkien. Hokkien is another name for the Minnan language.”可知，此处介绍闽南语的特点。选项F“它是一种没有标准书写形式的本土汉语。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据前文“Next, AI models will be trained by using Standard Chinese text as a translator between English and Hok-kien.”可知，此处介绍了用于翻译英语和闽南语的人工智能语音翻译系统正在初步试验中。选项E“目前，该系统一次只能简单地翻译一句话。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据后文“Only by breaking down language difficulties, such AI technology will hopefully lead to greater understanding among speakers of different languages.”可知，最后总结人工智能语音翻译技术的前景。选项C“该技术还有很长的路要走。”符合语境。故选C。 6.（2024·贵州毕节·模拟预测）The consumption concept (消费理念) and lifestyle of the younger generation are quietly changing. 1 It means that people no longer blindly buy very expensive things such as brand-name bags, but pay more attention to the cost performance (性价比). 2 Compared with traditional consumption patterns, it refuses to keep buying new products, and pays more attention to the quality of products. This concept has gradually become popular among the younger generation and has influenced their buying decisions. The younger generation is gradually realizing that material wealth does not bring true happiness. They focus (关注) more on personal growth, spiritual wealth and the building of social relationships. 3 The younger generation is also increasingly concerned about the environment. 4 As a result, they begin to reduce the influence on the environment through this new type of consumption. What’s more, the rise of reverse consumption will encourage changes in society as a whole. It is driving companies to take social and environmental responsibility more seriously, and to focus more on social interests (社会利益) in product design and production. Reverse consumption also influences people’s understanding of the quality of life. Young people value inner satisfaction more. 5 A．So they begin to pay more attention to their inner needs. B．A new term—reverse consumption—has come into being. C．Reverse consumption actually encourages people not to waste. D．They realize that blind consumption may cause environmental pollution. E．They can achieve a more meaningful life through this consumption pattern. F．Most young people spend much time shopping on the Internet when they’re free. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．E 【导语】本文描述了年轻人的消费观念的改变，他们从重视物质财富逐渐转变为注重精神财富，注重产品的性价比，这促使企业开始注意自身的社会和环境责任。 1．根据“The consumption concept (消费理念) and lifestyle of the younger generation are quietly changing.”并结合下文可知，此处是介绍新的消费观念。选项B“一个新的术语 —— 反向消费 —— 应运而生。”符合语境。故选B。 2．根据“Compared with traditional consumption patterns, it refuses to keep buying new products,”可知，此处是介绍这种新的消费理念的特点。选项C“反向消费实际上是鼓励人们不要浪费。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“They focus (关注) more on personal growth, spiritual wealth and the building of social relationships.”可知，此处是描述年轻人消费关注点改变产生的结果。选项A“所以他们开始更加关注自己的内心需求。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据“The younger generation is also increasingly concerned about the environment.”可知，此处是描述年轻人意识到环保和消费相关。选项D“他们意识到盲目消费可能会导致环境污染。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“Reverse consumption also influences people’s understanding of the quality of life.”可知，此处是描述反向消费对于年轻人生活品质产生的影响。选项E“通过这种消费模式，他们可以过上更有意义的生活。”符合语境。故选E。 7.（2024·山西晋中·三模）It can be really embarrassing if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it! 1 You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Speaking out loud is like showing this quiet speech. 2 When you talk to and encourage yourself, you will be more self-confident. A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers put them into two groups. One group said nothing while playing. 3 They found that the self-talkers showed more confidence and performed better than those in the silent group. 4 “When people talk to themselves in the third person, the way they think is more similar to how they think about others,” said Jason Moser, a professor from Michigan State University, US. This can help us see things from a different point of view, especially when we’re feeling sad or angry. Self-talk also helps improve memory. Researchers tested four different ways to memorize things: reading silently, reading aloud, listening to someone else read and listening to a recording of oneself reading. 5 It’s because the information is likely to become a long-term memory if said out loud. A．The other talked to themselves while playing. B．Talking to yourself is actually helpful in many ways. C．As a result, it can help us do better in different areas too. D．Talking to yourself can also help you manage bad feelings. E．If you can’t talk to yourself, you can write a note to yourself. F．It turned out that those who read aloud recalled the information the best. 【答案】1．B 2．C 3．A 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文主要讨论了自言自语的好处，包括增强自信、管理情绪和改善记忆等方面。 1．根据第一段“It can be really embarrassing if someone sees you talking to yourself. But don’t feel bad about it!”可知，此处应是总的说自言自语对我们有好处。B项“自言自语实际上在很多方面都有帮助。”符合语境，故选B。 2．根据第二段“You probably know that thinking is good for the brain. It helps us do things like making plans and managing our feelings. Speaking out loud is like showing this quiet speech.”可知，此处是说思考的好处。C项“因此，它也可以帮助我们在不同领域做得更好。”符合语境。故选C。 3．根据“A study invited 72 tennis players to take part in some matches. Researchers put them into two groups. One group said nothing while playing.”可知，此处是介绍另一组人。A项“另一组一边玩一边自言自语。”符合语境，故选A。 4．根据上文“'This can help us see things from a different point of view, especially when we’re feeling sad or angry.”可知，此段与情绪有关。D项“自言自语也可以帮助你控制不良情绪。”符合语境，故选D。 5．根据第五段“It’s because the information is likely to become a long-term memory if said out loud.”可知，此处与大声朗读有关。F项“事实证明，那些大声朗读的人对信息的回忆效果最好。”符合语境，故选F。 8.（2024·广东深圳·三模）以下是一则短文，请阅读短文，并从下列的六个句子中选择五个还原到原文中，使原文的意思完整、连贯。 Many factors can affect a good night’s sleep—from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses. 1 You might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep. However, you can develop habits that bring you better sleep. Stick to a sleep schedule. Try to go to bed and wake up at the same time each day, even at the weekend. Of course, it’s natural to have nights when you stay up later than usual, whether you’re preparing for the next morning or having fun at a party. 2 But try to go to bed at your usual time the following evening. 3 Don’t go to bed hungry or on a full stomach. Remember to avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. Don’t smoke or drink alcohol (酒) either. Even though alcohol might make you feel sleepy at first, it can stop you from sleeping later in the night. Get up when you can’t sleep. On some nights, it can be difficult to fall asleep or stay asleep. 4 If you toss and turn for 20 minutes or more, get out of bed and do something relaxing like reading a book or listening to music. Then return to bed and try again. Include physical activity in your daily routine (常规). A daytime routine is just as important as a bedtime routine. Including physical exercise into your routine can help you feel more tired at night and promote better sleep. You can spend some time outside every day. 5 A．It’s OK if you stay up late sometimes. B．Stress management might help you. C．Pay attention to what you eat and drink. D．However, avoid being active just before bedtime. E．It’s no wonder that quality sleep is sometimes difficult to get. F．You may toss and turn (辗转反侧), count sheep and become upset. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．F 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了几个改善睡眠的建议。 1．根据上文“Many factors can affect a good night’s sleep—from work stress and family responsibilities to illnesses”和下文“You might not be able to control the factors that affect your sleep.”可知，该处是此处介绍影响睡眠的因素，所以有时很难拥有好睡眠，而选项E“难怪高质量的睡眠有时很难获得”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据上文“Of course, it’s natural to have nights when you stay up later than usual, whether you’re preparing for the next morning or having fun at a party.”和下文“But try to go to bed at your usual time the following evening.”可知，该处是指偶尔熬夜是没有关系的，所以选项A“你有时熬夜也没关系”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据下文“Don’t go to bed hungry or on a full stomach. Remember to avoid heavy or large meals within a couple of hours of bedtime. ”可知，此处是跟饮食有关的小标题，所以选项C“注意你的饮食”符合语境。故选C。 4．根据上文“On some nights, it can be difficult to fall asleep or stay asleep.”和“If you toss and turn for 20 minutes or more, get out of bed and do something relaxing like reading a book or listening to music.”可知，此处跟翻来覆去睡不着有关，所以选项F“你可能辗转反侧，数羊，变得心烦意乱”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“Including physical exercise into your routine can help you feel more tired at night and promote better sleep. You can spend some time outside every day.”可知，该处和运动有关系，所以选项D“然而，不要在睡前活动”符合语境。故选D。 9.（2024·山东烟台·一模）Bob was a student in Grade Nine. His parents went gambling (赌博) day and night. Nobody cared about him. 1 So his teachers didn’t like him, nor did his classmates play with him. Bill often slept in class because his heart was not in school. He almost gave himself up. One day, Miss Black, a new teacher, came to his class. 2 It was Miss Black’s class. She was asking a question. “I’d like the smartest boy to answer my question.” Then she said loudly, “Bob, please!” Bob was surprised and he stood up without a word. “Just try it! I believe you can!” After school, Miss Black had a long talk with him. 3 That evening Bob thought a lot. From then on he arrived at school on time every day. Miss Black helped him with his homework every afternoon. 4 She told him, “Nothing is impossible if you put your heart in it.” Later, Miss Black gave another exam. Bob did it with all his heart. 5 Now He discovered that not only could he learn, but he could do it well. A change took place in his heart. A．She even cooked delicious food for him. B．He was very excited to find that he had passed the exam. C．He loved to communicate with his parents when he got home. D．She was a smiling, beautiful woman. E．She told him that she cared about him and believed in him. F．He always failed in his exams. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．E 4．A 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了Bob最初由于种种原因成绩不好，没有人喜欢他、和他玩，他因此也放弃了自己。此时Black老师走进了他的生活，鼓励并帮助他，让他有了转变。 1．根据后文“So his teachers didn’t like him, nor did his classmates play with him.”可知，空格处与老师与同学不喜欢他的原因有关。选项F“他考试总是不及格。”符合情景。故选F。 2．根据后文“One day, Miss Black, a new teacher, came to his class. ”可知，空格处应与对新老师的描写有关。选项D“她是一个面带微笑、美丽的女人。”符合情景。故选D。 3．根据前文“After school, Miss Black had a long talk with him.”可知，空格处和谈话的内容有关。选项E“她告诉他，她关心他，也相信他。”符合情景。故选E。 4．根据前文“Miss Black helped him with his homework every afternoon.”可知，空格处和Black对Bob的关心和付出有关。选项A“她甚至为他做了美味的食物。”符合情景。故选A。 5．根据前文“Later, Miss Black gave another exam. Bob did it with all his heart. ”可知，空格处和考试的结果有关。选项B“他非常兴奋地发现自己已经通过了考试。”符合情景。故选B。 10.（2024·湖北·模拟预测）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 As Chinese, we learn and use Chinese characters (汉字) all the time. 1 At first, the characters were paintings about the things people saw in their daily lives. However, it is quite impossible to describe so many things by drawing. 2 Among them, jiaguwen is the earliest kind of Chinese character. Then it developed into different forms in different times. 3 In its form, we can still find the image of a loong (龙): the part on the left is its head, while “立” is its horns (角) and eyes and “月” is its mouth, and the right part is its body. Next, is there a deeper meaning hidden behind it? In fact, there is no loong in real life. 4 It is said that the loong really played an important role in farming, so people looked up to it very much. And as time went on, the loong’s role in people’s thoughts became more and more important. 5 That’s why the ancient emperors’ clothes always had the image of “loong” while common people’s didn’t. Nowadays, we are known as the “descendants (传人) of the loong”, so “loong” also stands for China. In a word, Chinese characters are a valuable part of Chinese culture. We have the duty to study and spread them. In this way, more and more people will know China better in the future. A．One of my favorite hanzi is “龍”. B．Later, it became the symbol of power. C．But do you know their development and spirit? D．It is just an animal created in Chinese stories. E．So some hanzi may have different meanings in different times. F．So hanzi needs to develop and it turns into different forms. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．A 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文主要介绍了中国汉字的发展历史，并且作者以自己喜欢的汉字“龍”为例，介绍了汉字的特点和象征意义。 1．根据下文“At first, the characters were paintings about the things people saw in their daily lives.”可知，下文介绍的是汉字的含义，所以此处应该和汉字所蕴含的精神或含义有关，选项C“但是你知道它们的发展和精神吗”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据上文“However, it is quite impossible to describe so many things by drawing.”和下文“Among them, jiaguwen is the earliest kind of Chinese character. Then it developed into different forms in different times.”可知，此处应是与汉字的发展和形式有关，选项F“所以汉字需要发展，它会变成不同的形式”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据下文“In its form, we can still find the image of a loong (龙): ...”可知，此处应该和汉字“龙”有关，选项A“我最喜欢的汉字之一是‘龍’”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“In fact, there is no loong in real life.”和下文“It is said that the loong really played an important role in farming, so people looked up to it very much.”可知，此处应该是对“龙”的进一步解释，选项D“它只是中国故事中创造出来的一种动物”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据下文“That’s why the ancient emperors’ clothes always had the image of “loong” while common people’s didn’t.”可知，“龙”只能用于皇帝的衣服上，说明它代表了权力和地位，选项B“后来，它成为了权力的象征”符合语境。故选B。 11.（2024·湖北·模拟预测）阅读短文, 从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项, 使短文通顺、连贯. 选项中有一项为多余选项。 How to relax your mind Nowadays, people everywhere seem to find less and less time available to them, and more and more things to achieve. It’s quite common to find people running around like headless chickens meeting deadlines that they create. One doesn’t have to live this way, in stress and struggle. 1 Breathe—I can’t stress enough the importance of learning how to breathe properly, and not only when you’re stressed, but at all times that you can. Learning how to breathe properly at all times is essential. You should try to deepen and lengthen your breath to lower the stress level and promote relaxation. 2 Relax—We often think that just going to the gym and working out is the right way to go to relax ourselves. 3 A good hard workout is good from time to time, but you are still running at full steam ahead and not giving yourself time to relax. So lighting some fragrant candles, taking a slow hot bath or a shower, or meditating for even 10 minutes will do wonders to help you relax your mind and get out of the stress zone. Let it all out— 4 So calling or meeting up with a person who can listen to and empathize with us is often a great way to relax. It’s important that we don’t go into victim mode and get too negative. When we let out our frustrations, it should be done in a positive manner, and with light heartedness, even joking about the stress we’re under. 5 —Probably one of the most difficult skills at first to master, but in the end one of the most rewarding to learn in our fast-paced society is the attitude of gratitude. We can do some gratitude list making right on the spot to get out of our heads and to be away from all that we wish we had but don’t, and to be thankful for all that we do have. I swear learning how to do this will relax you in a way that will change your life for a better one. Hopefully this article helped you to find an answer to your question about how to relax your mind from stress. Try these techniques and let us know, what works best for you. A．Be thankful to your friends. B．Be grateful for what you have. C．But this pace doesn’t do much for our mind or stress levels. D．In this article we will present a few tips on how to relax your mind from stress. E．In addition, deeper breathing helps to get rid of harmful substances in your lungs. F．Sometimes we need to just let out our frustrations and worries to a close friend. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．C 4．F 5．B 【解析】1．根据上文“One doesn’t have to live this way, in stress and struggle.”以及下文介绍的放松方法可知，此处应是引出关于如何放松的建议，D选项“在这篇文章中，我们将介绍一些如何从压力中放松大脑的小贴士。”符合语境，故选D。 2．根据上文“You should try to deepen and lengthen your breath to lower the stress level and promote relaxation.”可知，此处应是进一步说明深呼吸的好处，E选项“此外，深呼吸有助于排出肺部的有害物质”符合语境，故选E。 3．根据上文“We often think that just going to the gym and working out is the right way to go to relax ourselves.”以及下文“A good hard workout is good from time to time, but you are still running at full steam ahead and not giving yourself time to relax.”可知，此处应是说明这种锻炼方式对放松身心的效果不佳，C选项“但这种节奏对我们的大脑或压力水平没有太大作用”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据下文“So calling or meeting up with a person who can listen to and empathize with us is often a great way to relax.”可知，此处应是说明需要向朋友倾诉烦恼，F选项“有时我们需要向亲密的朋友发泄我们的挫折和担忧”符合语境，故选F。 5．根据下文“Probably one of the most difficult skills at first to master, but in the end one of the most rewarding to learn in our fast﹣paced society is the attitude of gratitude.”可知，此处应是强调要感恩自己所拥有的，B选项“对你所拥有的心怀感激”符合语境，故选B。 12.（2024·山西朔州·模拟预测）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 Joking around with someone can be a pleasing thing. However, people may see it differently. 1 The jokes will become worse when you show you can’t accept them. You need to catch the fine line between laughing with someone and laughing at them. 2 To make a tease (取笑) feel proper, we need to consider the relationship between each other. A healthy tease should make both sides feel relaxed. When both sides know it’s simply a joke, a feeling of understanding can be created. The environment is important for close relationships. 3 But it doesn’t matter if your sister calls you by your nickname (绰号) when you’re at home. Meanwhile, different people have different views on jokes. When making a joke, we naturally see the funny side of it. 4 We don’t know what experiences they have had, so we don’t know how they might understand the joke. Imagine a swimming party where one person doesn’t get in the pool. Others might tease him or her for not joining in or being unable to swim. But what if that person is afraid of water? Those doing the teasing might say they didn’t know. 5 Good relationships can be formed without putting others down. In our daily lives,we should pay attention to our words and actions and care about others’ feelings. A．The level of relationship is key. B．But other people might not see it in the same way. C．Sometimes it may make people feel angry and painful. D．Teasing is a good way to help people build friendships. E．People might have their own personal reasons for not seeing the funny side. F．You may not feel good when you’re called by your nickname across the playground. 【答案】1．C 2．A 3．F 4．B 5．E 【导语】本文讨论了取笑和开玩笑的界限，强调了在取笑他人时需要考虑彼此关系、环境和他人感受的重要性。 1．根据上文“Joking around with someone can be a pleasing thing. However, people may see it differently.”和下文“The jokes will become worse when you show you can’t accept them.”可知，和别人开玩笑是件令人愉快的事情，但有人看法不一样，可知此处指有人会觉得开玩笑不愉快。选项C“有时它可能会让人感到愤怒和痛苦。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据下文“To make a tease (取笑) feel proper, we need to consider the relationship between each other.”可知，为了让取笑让人感觉合适，我们需要考虑彼此的关系。可见此处谈论与关系相关的内容。选项A“关系的级别是关键。”符合语境。故选A。 3．根据下文“But it doesn’t matter if your sister calls you by your nickname (绰号) when you’re at home.”可知，但是如果是你的姐妹在家叫你的绰号又没什么大不了，可见此处应是说明叫人绰号让人不愉快的情境。选项F“操场对面有人叫你的绰号，你可能感觉不是很好。”符合语境。故选F。 4．根据上文“When making a joke, we naturally see the funny side of it.”和下文“We don’t know what experiences they have had, so we don’t know how they might understand the joke.”可知，我们开玩笑时会看到好笑的那一面，此处应是谈到另一面。选项B“但其他人可能不会以同样的方式看待它。”符合语境。故选B。 5．根据上文“Others might tease him or her for not joining in or being unable to swim. But what if that person is afraid of water? Those doing the teasing might say they didn’t know.”可知，此处谈到有人会说是个人原因而看不到好笑的那一面。选项E“人们可能有看不到好笑的那一而的个人原因。”符合语境。故选E。 13.（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·模拟预测）Love is not a single feeling. Although we love our family and friends, sometimes we just don’t know how to show our love to them. In fact, people give love in different ways. Each way can be called a “love language”. 1 First, offering praise. 2 Praise means attention and care. “You’ve done a good job.” “These shoes look nice on you.”… Such praise will make others pleased. 3 A gift means “I care about you.” The gift does not have to be expensive. Perhaps a piece of chocolate is OK. Third, spending time together. Have a relaxing time and do things we all enjoy. Don’t be busy all the time. Have a picnic with the family. 4 Fourth, being a good listener. 5 When someone is down, what he wants is to be understood. Don’t talk about ourselves too much. These love languages help us to express love. They also make us understand love from others. 根据短文内容，将下面的句子还原到文中空白处，使短文内容完整、通顺。（每个选项只能用一次） A．This kind of language uses words to show love. B．Or visit grandparents to talk to them. C．Second, giving gifts. D．Be ready to listen and try to understand. E．Here are some love languages. F．Here is my advice. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．B 5．D 【导语】本文主要介绍了一些“爱情语言”。 1．根据“Each way can be called a...”结合下文内容可知此处是介绍“爱的语言”，选项E“以下是一些爱的语言。”符合语境，故选E。 2．根据“Praise means attention and care”可知赞美意味着关注和关心，这也是一种“爱的语言”，选项A“这种语言用语言来表达爱。”符合语境，故选A。 3．根据上文“First, offering praise”以及下文“Third, spending time together”可知此处是说第二点。选项C“第二，赠送礼物。”符合语境，故选C。 4．根据“Third, spending time together”可知此处是关于花时间和家人在一起，选项B“或者拜访祖父母和他们聊天。”符合语境，故选B。 5．根据“Fourth, being a good learner...When someone is down, what he wants is to understanding. Don’t talk about ourselves too much.”可知是要做一个好的学习者，要多理解别人，选项D“做好倾听和理解的准备。”符合语境，故选D。 14.（2024·海南海口·一模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 According to a new survey, students’ safety has become a big problem. Nearly 50% of students say they are worried about robbery (抢劫) on the way to and from school. 1 Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students some advice. If you are robbed Keep calm. 2 Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later. If you are in a traffic accident If a car hits you, you should remember the car number. If it is a bicycle, try to call your parents before you let the rider go. This is because you don't know how seriously you are hurt. 3 Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees. If there is a fire Run away as fast as you can. 4 Do not take the lift. If someone is drowning (溺水) If you can’t swim, don’t get into the water. 5 Remember that danger is never as far away as you think. Take care of yourself at all times! A．Put wet things on your body and try to find an exit. B．If it is raining hard and there is lightning (闪电). C．Cry out for help. D．How to stop danger and save lives if it really happens？ E．Fight with the robber (抢劫者). F．If you can not cry for help or run away, give the robber your money. 【答案】1．D 2．F 3．B 4．A 5．C 【导语】本文讲述了学生安全问题，并提供了一些应对危险的建议。 1． 根据“Chen Haoyu, a teacher at Beijing No. 25 Middle School, gives young students some advice.”可知，此处应引出如何应对危险的内容，选项D“如何在危险发生时阻止危险并拯救生命？”符合语境。故选D。 2． 根据“Try to remember what the robber looks like and tell the police later.”可知，此处应是关于被抢劫时的建议，选项F“如果你不能呼救或逃跑，把钱给抢劫者。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据“Don’t stay in high places and stay away from trees.”可知，此处应是关于雷雨天气的建议，选项B“如果下大雨并且有闪电。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“If there is a fire”和“Run away as fast as you can.”可知，此处应是关于火灾时的建议，选项A“把湿的东西放在身上并试图找到出口。”符合语境。故选A。 5．根据“If you can’t swim, don’t get into the water.”可知，此处应是关于溺水时的建议，选项C“呼救。”符合语境。故选C。 15.（2024·湖北十堰·三模）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯，选项中有一项为多余选项。 Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his “green” project. This public spirited young person was now a university student. 1 Bert found his love early in life. When he was around 4 or 5, he always lived to watch different insects, especially beautiful swallowtails (凤蝶). One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad. 2 But the reason he really fell in love with them was that they were very accessible. For example, if you wanted to interest swallowtails, you planted some zinnias, a kind of bright flowers. 3 He raised a large number of swallowtails in it over the years. With the world’s swallowtail population falling, Bert wanted people to realize that if insects like swallowtails disappeared, so would all the others above them on the food chain. 4 to make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students. Part of the joy for Bert was watching the younger students get excited when running after swallowtails. He thought it was really meaningful. He said, “Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. 5 ” Bert put his efforts into the environmental educational project and made it take flight. A．He used to do something for the earth. B．Bert started a zinnia garden at his house. C．They develop a new appreciation (欣赏) for them. D．And it was also fun to watch how they came into being. E．And he also created a zinnia garden at his junior high school F．His love for insects grew deeper and he was protecting them for the future. 【答案】1．F 2．D 3．B 4．E 5．C 【导语】本文主要讲述了因为“绿色”项目而获得“青年英雄”奖项的男孩Bert热爱昆虫并保护它们的故事。 1．根据“Bert won a national prize called Young Heroes for his ‘green’ project”可知，此处应提到他这个“绿色”项目是与什么有关，F选项“他对昆虫的爱越来越深，他在为将来保护它们”符合，故选F。 2．根据“One interesting fact he learned about swallowtails was that their bright colors warned hungry animals that they tasted bad.”可知，他在观察这些动物，D选项“观察它们是如何形成的也很有趣”符合，故选D。 3．根据“He raised a large number of swallowtails in it over the years”可知，他开始饲养凤蝶，B选项“伯特在家里开了一个百日菊花园”符合，故选B。 4．根据“to make the fact clear and easy to understand for other students”可知，此处应介绍为了让其他学生更容易理解，他做了哪些事，E选项“他还在他的初中创建了一个百日草花园”符合，故选E。 5．根据“Whenever a swallowtail lands on them, the young students will soon fall in love with these cute insects. ”可知，此处应表达学生们对于这些昆虫的喜爱，C选项“他们会对它们产生一种新的欣赏”符合，故选C。 16.（2024·湖北十堰·二模）阅读短文，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺、连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The world itself is becoming smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means (通讯设备). 1 But it has brought new problems, too. One of the biggest is pollution. To pollute means to make things dirty. Pollution comes in many ways—we see it, smell it, drink it, even hear it. People have been polluting the earth. 2 Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people. When the land was used up or the river was dirty in one place, man moved to another place. But this is no longer true. Man is now slowly polluting the whole world. 3 It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution. Water pollution kills our fish and pollutes drinking water. Noise pollution makes us angry more easily. 4 They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air. Pollution by SO₂ is now the most dangerous kind of air pollution. It is caused by heavy traffic. It is true that if there are few people driving, there will be less air pollution. The earth is our home. We must take care of it. 5 And something must be done to prevent the pollution from still rising at the same time. A．We must try to keep the land, water and air clean. B．They always play a part in protecting the earth. C．It makes life today much easier and much more convenient. D．Air pollution is the most serious now. E．Many countries are making rules to fight pollution. F．The more people, the more pollution. 【答案】1．C 2．F 3．D 4．E 5．A 【导语】本文讨论了现代交通和通讯手段使世界变得更小、更方便，但也带来了污染问题。文章详细描述了不同类型的污染及其危害，并提到了一些国家为应对污染所采取的措施。最后，文章呼吁人们保护地球，防止污染进一步加剧。 1． 根据“The world itself is becoming smaller by using modern traffic and modern communication means (通讯设备).”可知，现代交通和通讯设备使得世界变得更小、更方便。选项C“它使今天的生活更加容易和方便。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“Many years ago, the pollution was not so serious because there were not so many people.”可知，污染问题随着人口增加而变得严重。选项F“人越多，污染越多。”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据前文“Man is now slowly polluting the whole world.”和“It’s bad for all living things in the world, but it is not the only one kind of pollution.”可知，此处介绍一种污染类型。选项D“空气污染是现在最严重的。”符合语境。故选D。 4．根据“They stop people from burning coal in houses and factories in the city, and from putting dirty smoke into the air.”可知，许多国家正在制定法规来对抗污染。选项E“许多国家正在制定法规来对抗污染。”符合语境。故选E。 5．根据“The earth is our home. We must take care of it.”和“And something must be done to prevent the pollution from still rising at the same time.”可知，我们必须要阻止污染，保护地球。选项A“我们必须努力保持土地、水和空气的清洁。”符合语境。故选A。 17.（2024·山西运城·三模）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有一项为多余项。 Most people love animals. Many children’s books use animals as the main characters. 1 The love for animals may be why both children and adults enjoy going to zoos. Zoo visiting goes back to ancient times. In the past, zoos were usually started by rich people. 2 At that time, raising animals was a way for people to show their wealth and power. Sadly, the animals in the early zoos were not treated well. They didn’t receive enough attention or care. So many of them died or got ill. Today, zoos still bring people pleasure, but they are set up to protect animals and teach people as well. 3 For example, people must provide animals with a clean place to live, food and water, and health care. Besides, the visitors are not allowed to feed the animals with their own food. In this way, the rules help protect the animals well. 4 They want to do more to protect animals they love. Some of them were against the use of some large animals in shows. They thought the zoos didn’t have enough space for the animals to show. They also thought the animals were not treated properly. With so many people against the shows, some zoos stopped them. People see animals in zoos. 5 Both people and animals can get a lot from each other. In this way, people could live in harmony with animals. A．Animals don’t like living in zoos. B．Zoos must follow some certain rules. C．Many people look after animals as pets. D．Some people think the rules are not enough. E．The first zoo was started by a queen in Egypt in 1500 BC． F．At the same time, they try to learn about how to protect them well. 【答案】1．C 2．E 3．B 4．D 5．F 【导语】本文主要讲述了人们对动物的热爱以及动物园的历史和现状。 1．根据“Most people love animals. Many children’s books use animals as the main characters.”可知，此处是介绍人们对动物的喜爱的具体体现，选项C“许多人把动物当宠物照顾。”符合语境。故选C。 2．根据“In the past, zoos were usually started by rich people.”可知，此处是介绍动物园的历史，选项E“第一个动物园是公元前1500年由埃及的一位女王创办的。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据“people must provide animals with a clean place to live, food and water, and health care. Besides, the visitors are not allowed to feed the animals with their own food.”可知，此处是在介绍动物园应遵守的规则，选项B“动物园必须遵守某些特定的规则。”符合语境。故选B。 4．根据“They want to do more to protect animals they love.”可知，他们想要做更多来保护动物，因此空处表示这些规则是不够的，选项D“有些人认为这些规则是不够的。”符合语境。故选D。 5．根据“People see animals in zoos.”可知，人们在动物园里看动物，同时，也能试图了解如何保护动物，选项F“同时，他们试图了解如何更好地保护它们。”符合语境。故选F。 18.（2024·山西大同·三模）请阅读下面短文，根据语篇内容，从文后所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文意思通顺。选项中有一项为多余项。 We have a saying that “Filial piety is the most important of all virtues (百善孝为先) ”. So you know how important it is for the Chinese to love and take care of their parents. 1 It is recorded through many different stories. Chinese parents usually set a good example for children. Every week they go to visit their parents and look after them. 2 When children’s parents get sick, they do the same things. 3 Parents do so many things for children. They feed and teach their kids. It’s natural that kids want to pay them back. As teenagers, filial piety may just mean not always arguing with parents, and trying to behave well. In China, many schools have activities about filial piety. Children are asked to cook for parents. They help wash parents’ feet. These are all actions of the greatest kindness. 4 Confucius (孔子) believed that only if everyone is good to their parents can they be good to other people. Then there won’t be many fights, Then we could bring peace to the world. Filial piety is not just about loving your parents. 5 It can improve the development of the family, society, and country. A．Filial piety is a natural thing. B．Instead, it’s about loving everyone! C．Sometimes we disagree with parents. D．This traditional value has been passed down. E．Then children get the idea to care for them as well. F．Children develop stronger love for parents through them. 【答案】1．D 2．E 3．A 4．F 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的传统文化之一孝道。 1．根据“So you know how important it is for the Chinese to love and take care of their parents.知道爱父母、照顾父母对中国人来说有多重要。”及下文“It is recorded through many different stories.在许多不同的故事中都有记载。”可知，选项D“这一传统价值观一直传承至今。”承上启下。故选D。 2．根据“Chinese parents usually set a good example for children. Every week they go to visit their parents and look after them.中国父母通常会给孩子树立一个好榜样。每周都会去看望和照顾他们的父母。”可知孩子们耳濡目染也会照顾自己的父母。选项E“孩子们也会产生关心他们的想法。”符合语境。故选E。 3．根据下文“They feed and teach their kids. It’s natural that kids want to pay them back.他们养育和教育孩子。孩子们自然希望回报他们。”，选项A“孝是自然而然的事。”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据上文“activities about filial piety有关孝道的活动”，“cook for parents, ... wash parents’ feet为父母做饭，洗脚”可知，让孩子表达对父母的爱，选项F“通过它们，孩子对父母的爱会更深厚。”符合语境。故选F。 5．根据上文“Filial piety is not just about loving your parents.孝不仅是爱自己的父母。”及下文“It can improve the development of the family, society, and country.它可以促进家庭、社会和国家的发展。”，可知存在转折关系，选项B“相反，它是关于爱每一个人！”符合语境。故选B。 19.（2024·海南海口·三模）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。 The undersea world is very beautiful. Now more and more people want to dive in the water to find the secret there. Scuba-diving is a new sport today. 1 You will find many strange animals in the sea. Some are as large as a school bus. 2 Some can even give out light in the dark. Here, under the sea, everything is blue and green. When you have bottles of air on your back, you can stay in deep water and explore the world for a long time. 3 And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water. 4 It’s cold, and it’s dark, too. The deeper it is, the less sunlight there is. About3,000 feet, there is no light at all. It is very dark in the sea. Besides the cold and the darkness, deep sea animals are facing the danger of other animals, too. 5 Many animals eat plants. However, some feed on other sea animals. A．Some have sharp teeth. B．Animals must find food to eat. C．However, you can’t dive too deep. D．The deep sea is not an easy place to live in. E．It can take you into a wonderful undersea world. F．Scuba-diving is becoming more and more popular now. 【答案】1．E 2．A 3．C 4．D 5．B 【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲了深海潜水可以看到的海底世界和注意事项，以及海底生物生存的不易。 1．根据“Scuba-diving is a new sport today”可知，这里讲的这项新运动会有什么作用。选项E“它可以带你进入一个美妙的海底世界” 符合情景。故选E。 2．根据“You will find many strange animals in the sea”可知，这里讲的是在海里会发现很多奇怪的生物。选项A“有些有锋利的牙齿”符合情景。故选A。 3．根据“you can stay in deep water and explore the world for a long time”和 “And you must be very careful when you dive in deep water”可知，此处应表示转折，和潜水太深有关。选项C“然而，你不能潜得太深” 符合情景。故选C。 4．根据“It’s cold, and it’s dark, too”可知，海底又冷又黑，这并不容易生存。D选项“深海不是一个容易生活的地方” 符合情景。故选D。 5．根据“Many animals eat plants. However, some feed on other sea animals”可知，这里是在说海洋动物的食物。B选项“动物必须找到食物吃”符合情景。故选B。 20.（2024·湖北宜昌·三模）阅读短文，从方框内所给的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，使短文通顺，连贯。选项中有一项为多余选项。 Students often ask their students which dictionary is the best. In fact, there is not one “best “dictionary. 1 , like an English-English dictionary. It explains an English word only in English instead of in Chinese or other language. 2 , but it has some big advantages of learning English. 3 . When you use an English-English dictionary, you will keep your mind only on English. The second advantage is that you will learn how to explain words in English. 4 , you can buy a “learner’s dictionary”. The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, the Longman Learner’s Dictionary, and the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary all have easy definitions (释义) and excellent example sentences. 5 , you can buy any kind of dictionary. A．One advantage is that it will help you to think in English B．If your English is already quite good C．If your English is not so good D．At last, you will find it much easier to study English by using a dictionary. E．For all students, it’s better to use a monolingual dictionary (单语词典) F．At first, using such a dictionary is difficult 【答案】1．E 2．F 3．A 4．C 5．B 【导语】本文讨论了学生们常问的哪种词典最好，建议使用单语词典，并列举了使用这种词典的好处。 1．根据前文“Students often ask their students which dictionary is the best. In fact, there is not one ‘best’ dictionary.”可知，接下来应该介绍一种推荐的词典类型。选项E“对于所有学生来说，使用单语词典更好”符合语境。故选E。 2．根据后文“but it has some big advantages of learning English.”可知，前文应该提到使用这种词典的困难。选项F“一开始，使用这种词典是困难的”符合语境。故选F。 3．根据后文“When you use an English-English dictionary, you will keep your mind only on English.”可知，前文应该提到使用这种词典的一个好处。选项A“一个优势是它会帮助你用英语思考”符合语境。故选A。 4．根据后文“The Oxford Learner’s Dictionary, the Longman Learner’s Dictionary, and the Cambridge Learner’s Dictionary all have easy definitions (释义) and excellent example sentence”可知，英语不好的学生可以选择这些词典。选项C“如果你的英语不是很好”符合语境。故选C。 5．根据后文“ you can buy any kind of dictionary.”可知，选择任何词典的前提是英语好。选项B“如果你的英语已经很好了”符合语境，故选B。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$