专题5.非谓语动词讲练-2025年福建省中考英语讲义

专题5.非谓语动词讲练 非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。 我们从中考题中分析，非谓语动词通常出现在单项选择，语法填空等考题中。 对于非谓语动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点： （1）动词不定式 （2）动名词、现在分词 考向分析：中考对于非谓语动词的考察要求考生们： （1）掌握非谓语动词的定义； （2）掌握动词不定式的用法； （3）掌握一些特殊结构。 考点一 动词不定式 形式：动词不定式基本形式由“to do”构成。它的否定形式“not to do”。有时可以省略to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义。help sb.(to) do sth. make sb. do sth. 功能 例句 说明 主语 To speak English is not easy for us.=It is not easy for us to speak English.讲英语对我们来说不容易。 不定式作主语时,常常可用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面 表语 My work is to clean the room every day.我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。 多数情况下,不定式作表语表示主语的“职业、职责”等 宾语 I wish to speak to the manager. 我想跟经理说话。 只能作某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语 宾补 She asked me not to speak Chinese in class.她让我在课上不要讲汉语。 在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to 定语 Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的吗? 不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面 状语 I’m sorry to trouble you.(表原因)很抱歉,给你添麻烦了。 I went to the library to study English.(表目的) 我去图书馆学英语了。 不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致 1.不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,常用结构为:It+be+adj.(+for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如: To learn English well is useful.→It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如: It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2.不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:would like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。如: Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如: I find it easy to read English every day. 3.不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他关小收音机。 tell,ask,want,allow,get,would like,encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如: My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 注意:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补。这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但变被动语态时,必须加上to。如: My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4.不定式作定语 ①不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系。 ②如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如: There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。 5.不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用,构成“疑问句+不定式”结构,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 如The teacher is telling the students what to do.老师正告诉同学们做什么。 He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪里。(where to go = where he should go) 6.常见的一些后跟不带to的动词不定式结构: Why not do...,Why don’t you do...,had better do...,would rather do,could/would/will you please do... I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里。 专项训练 1.I hope　 　 (find)a good job in a foreign company after I graduate from high school.  2.He found it hard　　 　　 (catch up with)his classmates.  3.Father asks me　　 　　 (not play)computer games before finishing my homework.  4.All the children like Mr. White very much because he often makes them　　 　　 (laugh).  5.Let him　　 　　 (have)a rest.I think he must be tired after the long walk.  6.We have two rooms　　 　　 (live)in,but I can’t decide which one　　 　　 (choose).  7..I prefer　　 　　 TV rather than　　 　　 a book. 我宁愿看电视也不愿意读书。 1.to find 2.to catch up with3.not to play4.laugh5.have6.to live，to choose7.to watch　，read 考点二 动名词 动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。 动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。 功能 例句 说明 主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对你的健康有害。 有时可用it作形式主语 宾 语 动词 宾语 I like playing basketball very much. 我非常喜欢打篮球。 表示一般的习惯或抽象行为 介词 宾语 Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是被用来寄信的。 / 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. =Collecting stamps is his hobby. 他的爱好是集邮。 多数情况下,动名词作表语可转换成作主语 定语 She is in the reading room. 她在阅览室里。 We should improve our teaching methods.我们应该改进教学方法。 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,置于所修饰词之前 注意:英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。初中阶段常见的有:finish,enjoy,mind,miss,be worth,be busy,practice,have fun,have trouble/problems(in),spend...(in)...,feel like,be used to 等。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词: 完成实践值得忙(finish,practice,be worth,be busy) 继续习惯别放弃(keep on,be used to,give up) 考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,can’t help,feel like) 喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind) 易混易错 1.动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 (1) Stop talking,please.请不要说话。 Stop to think about it for a moment.停下来想一会儿。 (2) I remember posting your letter.我记得把你的信寄出去了。 Please remember to post my letter.请记得把我的信寄走。 (3) I forgot to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。 I forgot bringing my homework.我忘记已把作业带来了。 (4) He tried speaking English to us.他试着用英语和我们谈话。 Please try to do better next time.下次设法做得更好些。 (5) Go on to do the other exercises after you finish this one.做完这个练习题后,接着做其他的。 Go on doing the exercises after a short rest.短暂休息之后,继续做这些练习。 (6) I regret to do this,but I have no choice.我很遗憾要这样做,但我没有办法。 I don’t regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔告诉她我的想法。 (7) I meant to go,but my father would not allow me to.我想去,但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.那样做意味着浪费时间。 2.need,require,want 后跟不定式和动名词的区别 当need,require,want作“需要”解时,后加动名词主动式等于加不定式的被动式。如: The window needs cleaning.=The window needs to be cleaned.那个窗户需要(被)擦了。 知识拓展 常见使用不定式的句型 (1)It’s time to do sth.=It’s time for sth.是该做……的时候了。 It’s time to go to bed.=It’s time for bed.到睡觉的时间了。 (2)There is no time left(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)没有时间做某事了。 There is no time left for me to think more about it.我没有时间再考虑这件事了。 (3)It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.某人花费时间做某事。 It takes me half an hour to read English every day.我每天花半个小时读英语。 (4)be+形容词+enough to do sth.足够……做某事。 The child is old enough to dress himself.这小孩够大了,能自己穿衣服了。 (5)be+too+形容词+to do sth.太……而不能做某事。 The man was too excited to speak.那个人激动得说不出话来。 (6)be ready to do sth.准备做某事。 He is ready to go shopping.他准备去购物。 (7)prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A也不做B。 He preferred to go to work on foot rather than take a bus.他宁愿步行去上班也不愿乘公交车。 注意:含有介词to的固定短语 在初中阶段的英语学习中,学生常常会遇到含有介词的短语,而其中有些短语中所含的介词为to,它后面需要接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式,学生们很容易将这种情况与不定式符号to后接动词原形混淆。 (1)devote oneself to 献身/致力于…… He has devoted himself to helping disabled people.他致力于帮助残疾人。 (2)look forward to期盼,盼望 We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.我们非常盼望再见到你。 (3)be used to...习惯……;适应…… She is quite used to working hard.她很习惯努力工作。 专项训练 1.—Bob speaks Chinese quite well. —So he does.He practices　 　 (speak)Chinese every day.  2.Before 2024 we will finish　　 　　 (build)the school.  3.She said she didn’t feel like　　 　　 (go)out with you.  1.speaking2.building3.going 考点三 分词 包含现在分词（-ing）和过去分词(-ed)。 主要区别：现在分词一般有主动或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动作已经完成的意思。 A.现在分词 1.作定语 当分词单独作定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语作定语,放在名词后。如: China is one of the developing countries.中国是发展中国家之一。 The man speaking to the teacher is my father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我的父亲。 2.作表语 表示主语所具有的特征。现在分词作表语通常可以用very或quite来修饰,动名词则不能。如: Seeing is believing.眼见为实。(其中的believing是动名词,不能用very/quite来修饰) 3.作宾语补足语 能带现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:see,feel,watch,look at, notice, hear, keep, find, get, listen to, have等。如: You often see musicians performing in the streets.你经常看到音乐家在街上演奏。 4.现在分词作状语 现在分词在句中可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步等。 ①作时间状语。如: Hearing the news, she couldn’t help crying.听到那个消息,她忍不住哭了。 ②作原因状语。如: Being sick, I stayed at home.我因病待在家中。 B、过去分词的句法功能 1.作定语 I want to talk with the boy named Jim.我想和一个叫吉姆的男孩说话。 2.作表语 The window is broken.窗户破了。 3.作宾语补足语 I heard the song sung several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 4.作状语 Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。 易混易错 1.现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别 在动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后面接不带to的不定式作宾补时,表示已经完成了的动作;接现在分词作宾补时,表示动作正在进行着。如: I heard him reading English in the next room.我听到他正在隔壁读英语。(“读英语”这个动作正在进行) I heard him sing in the classroom.我听到他在教室里唱歌了。(“唱歌”这个动作已经结束) 2.现在分词与过去分词的区别 (1)在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义。如: the surprising news令人惊讶的消息 a surprised look惊讶的神色 a moving film一场感人的电影 the moved people 被感动的人们 (2)在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。如: the rising sun正在升起的太阳 the risen sun升起来的太阳 3.have sb.do sth., have sb./sth.doing(sth.)和have sth.done的区别 (1)have sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。此处为省略to的不定式表示一次性的具体动作。如: The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。 (2)have sb./sth. doing(sth.)意为“让某人/物一直做某事”,have可以用keep代替,现在分词(doing)表示的动作往往具有持续进行的含义。如: The two men had their lights burning all night long.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。 (3)have sth. done意为“让某事被(别人)做”,即ask sb. else to do sth.。过去分词(done)表示这个动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成,含有被动意义。如: The driver had his car washed once a week.那位司机每周叫人洗一次车。 专项训练 1.The boy　 　 (stand)in the teacher’s office was found smoking yesterday.  standing 2..India is a　 　 country.印度是一个发展中国家。  developing 综合训练 1.I was surprised by the amazing views and opened the window 　　　　　　(take) photos.  答案　to take　本题考查动词不定式。此处指打开窗户拍照,应用动词不定式表示目的。 2.Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests” 　　　　　　(see) if I could “survive(挺过来)” in different situations.  答案　to see　考查动词不定式。分析句子可知,设空处为主句的一部分,主句中已有谓语,因此设空处应是非谓语动词,由语境可知,此处使用动词不定式表目的,表示“去那个国家并且做一些测试,看看我能否在不同的情况下挺过来”。因此答案为to see。 3.A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher 　　　　　　(call) Paula came and began the test.  答案　called　考查过去分词。设空处作后置定语修饰前面的名词teacher,这里的意思是“一名被叫做Paula的西班牙语老师”,因此设空处为过去分词形式。答案为called。 4.“Good for you,” his brother said. “And ask Haley if she wants 　　　　　　(go) to the skate park after you two finish the project.”  答案　to go　考查动词不定式。设空处提示词go 为动词,空前的wants跟动词不定式作宾语,故填to go。 5.Finally, not only does hot pot taste wonderful, but it is the perfect way 　　　　　　(spend) time with others.  答案　to spend　本题考查动词不定式。分析句子和语境可知,此处应用不定式作后置定语,修饰空前的名词way,表示“花时间与他人在一起的最佳的方法”,故填to spend。 6.The manager of the store says the environment can help people learn to do “soul(灵魂) reading” by 　　　　　　(provide) a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention.   答案　providing　本题考查非谓语动词。设空处前的by为介词,介词后要接动名词形式,故填providing。 7.The little ant made himself at home in the elephant’s ear and kept　　　　　　(talk)to her!  答案　 talking 　本题考查非谓语动词。keep doing sth.重复做某事,因此设空处填talking。 8.Baroness Rebuck, the World Book Day founder, says, “Parents need to spend just 10 minutes a day reading and 　　　　　　(分享) stories with the children.”  答案　sharing　本题考查非谓语动词。spend some time doing sth.花时间做某事,设空处与reading是并列成分,因此也要用动名词形式,故填sharing。 9.After finishing the meal at the restaurant, I decided 　　　　　　(call) my dad.  答案　to call　本题考查非谓语动词。decide to do sth.决定做某事, 故填to call。 10.Generally, the figure⁃skaters (花样滑冰运动员) are considered 　　　　　　(be) the ice kings.   答案　to be　本题考查非谓语动词。固定短语be considered to be意为“被认为是……”。故填to be。 11.She also plans to make videos 　　　　　　(鼓励)others to start their own projects.   答案　to encourage　本题考查非谓语动词。encourage意为“鼓励”,动词,句子已经有谓语“plans”,设空处应用动词不定式作目的状语,表示“目的是鼓励他人开始他们自己的项目”。故填to encourage。 12.When facing difficult situations, people are encouraged 　　　　　　(hold) on by the effect of bamboo culture.  答案　to hold　本题考查不定式。encourage sb. to do sth.鼓励某人做某事,此处为其被动形式。故答案是to hold。 13.Papermaking technology was improved day by day, and more and more kinds of paper were developed 　　　　　　(提供) different using choices.   答案　to offer　本题考查不定式。根据句子结构和语境可知此处表目的,因此使用不定式。故填to offer。 14.Ann likes traveling to the seaside and she thinks l　　　　　　 on the beach is really comfortable.  答案　lying　句意:Ann喜欢到海边旅行,她认为躺在沙滩上非常舒服。本题考查非谓语动词。此处为动名词短语作从句主语,lie的动名词形式为lying。 中考模拟试题 一．选择填空 1．（2024·福建厦门·二模）一Would you mind me________here? —________. The seat is for Mr. Wu. A．siting; No, not at all B．to sit; Yes, I would C．sitting; Sorry, you’d better not. 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——你介意我坐这儿吗？——对不起，你最好不要。这个座位是给吴先生的。 考查非谓语动词及情景交际。sitting坐，现在分词；to sit动词不定式；No, not at all不，一点也不；Yes, I would是的，我介意；Sorry, you’d better not对不起，你最好不。mind sb. doing sth. 介意某人做某事，第一空用 sitting；根据“The seat is for Mr. Wu.”可知，是介意对方坐这儿的。故选 C。 2．（23-24八年级下·福建龙岩·期中）—What’s your plan for this weekend, Sarah? —I’m going to visit the sick kids in hospital ________ them up this Sunday. A．cheer B．to cheer C．cheering 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——Sarah，这个周末你打算做什么？——这周日我要去医院看望生病的孩子们，让他们高兴起来。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“去医院看望生病的孩子们”的目的是“让他们高兴起来”，作目的状语用动词不定式。故选B。 3．（2024·福建厦门·三模）I enjoy reading the newspaper. I hope ________ out what’s going on around the world. A．find B．finding C．to find 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我喜欢看报纸。我希望了解世界各地发生了什么。 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth.“希望做某事”，固定词组。故选C。 4．（2024·福建宁德·二模） ________ my mother a surprise, I will cook a bowl of noodles for her on her birthday. A．To give B．Giving C．Give 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了给妈妈一个惊喜，我会在妈妈生日那天给她煮一碗面条。 考查非谓语动词。根据“…my mother a surprise, I will cook a bowl of noodles for her on her birthday.”可知，煮面是为了给妈妈一个惊喜，所以应用动词不定式作目的状语，应填To give。故选A。 5．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Our government are working to develop a positive online culture ________ the teenagers. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect 【答案】C 【详解】句意：我们的政府正在努力发展一种积极的网络文化来保护青少年。 考查非谓语动词。此处在句中表示目的，用动词不定式形式，故选C。 6．（2024·福建厦门·二模）—The socialist new countryside makes farmers ________ their living conditions. —I agree. My grandparents in the village always wear smiles on their faces. A．improve B．to improve C．improving 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——社会主义新农村使农民生活条件得到改善。——我同意。我的祖父母在村里总是面带微笑。 考查非谓语动词。make sb do sth“使某人做某事”，省略to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，故选A。 7．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Before the speech contest, I couldn’t help ________ my mom’s words “Calm down, carefully organize your thoughts and then express yourself clearly!” A．remind B．to remind C．reminding 【答案】C 【详解】句意：演讲比赛前，我忍不住想起妈妈的话：“冷静下来，仔细整理你的想法，然后把自己表达清楚！” 考查非谓语动词。can’t help doing sth.“忍不住做某事”，动名词作宾语。故选C。 8．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Knowing that they have raised enough money for the children’s home, he was too excited ________ a word. A．say B．saying C．to say 【答案】C 【详解】句意：知道他们为孩子们的家筹到了足够的钱，他激动得说不出一句话。 考查非谓语动词。此处是结构too adj./adj. to do sth.“太……而不能做某事”，动词不定式作结果状语。故选C。 9．（2024·福建福州·三模）Although stamps are no longer popular, there are still many people who enjoy ________ them. A．collect B．to collect C．collecting 【答案】C 【详解】句意：虽然邮票不再流行，但仍有许多人喜欢收集它们。 考查非谓语动词。collect收集，动词原形；to collect收集，动词不定式；collecting收集，动名词形式。根据“enjoy…”可知，此处考查“enjoy doing sth.喜欢做某事”，应用其动名词形式与之搭配。故选C。 10．（2024·福建·三模）Every day he practices ________ the piano in order to realize his dream. A．play B．playing C．to play 【答案】B 【详解】句意：为了实现他的梦想，他每天都练习弹钢琴。 考查非谓语动词。根据空前“practices”可知，此处考查practice doing sth.“练习做某事”，应用动名词形式playing作宾语。故选B。 11．（2024·福建泉州·二模）Ben spends half an hour ________ every day, so he is strong and active. A．exercise B．exercising C．to exercise 【答案】B 【详解】句意：Ben每天花半个小时锻炼，因此他很强壮也很有活力。 考查非谓语动词用法。spend some time doing sth.表示“某人花费多长时间做某事”，需动名词exercising。故选B。 12．（2024·福建泉州·二模）______ the people locked inside the house on fire, the firemen broke down the door. A．To reach B．Reach C．Reaching 【答案】A 【详解】句意：为了能接触到被锁在失火房屋里的人，消防队员破门而入。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，“the firemen broke down the door.”的目的是“reach the people locked inside the house on fire”，用动词不定式作目的状语。故选A。 13．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Parents always expect their children ________ a joyful life. A．lead B．leading C．to lead 【答案】C 【详解】句意：父母总是期望他们的孩子过上快乐的生活。 考查非谓语动词。expect sb. to. do sth.期望某人做某事。故选C。 14．（2024·福建莆田·一模）—The air pollution is serious now. —_________ down air pollution, we had better take greener vehicles. A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting 【答案】B 【详解】句意：——现在空气污染很严重。——为了减少空气污染，我们最好乘坐更环保的交通工具。 考查动词不定式作目的状语。根据“we had better take greener vehicles”可知，减少空气污染是目的，用动词不定式表目的。故选B。 15．（2024·福建福州·二模）—We can use “WeChat” to talk with each other on the Internet.       —Really? Will you show me ________ it? A．how to use B．what to use C．how can I use 【答案】A 【详解】句意：——我们可以用“微信”在网上互相交谈。——真的吗？你能展示给我如何使用它吗？ 考查疑问词+不定式结构。根据“Will you show me…it?”可知，如果句子是宾语从句，用陈述语序，因此排除C选项；再由“show”可知，此处描述的是如何展示，因此用how+不定式。故选A。 16．（2024·福建福州·二模）—What should I do, doctor?    —________ healthy, you should take more exercise. A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——我该怎么办，医生？——为了保持健康，你应该多锻炼。 考查非谓语动词。根据“…healthy, you should take more exercise.”可知，此处指的是“为了保持健康”，因此此处用to do不定式表示目的。故选C。 17．（2024·福建漳州·二模）“New productive forces” is a hot topic. It means that we should use modem and better ways ________ the country grow. A．help B．to help C．helping 【答案】B 【详解】句意：“新生产力”是一个热门话题。这意味着我们应该用现代的、更好的方式来帮助国家发展。 考查非谓语动词。根据“the country grow.”可知，设空处后表示目的，应填不定式作状语。故选B。 18．（2024·福建福州·二模）Some schools in Fuzhou have built gardens on the rooftops for children ________. A．relax B．relaxing C．to relax 【答案】C 【详解】句意：福州的一些学校在屋顶上建了花园供孩子们放松。 考查非谓语动词。根据“Some schools in Fuzhou have built gardens on the rooftops for children”并结合句子结构可知建花园的目的是供孩子们放松，此处应用不定式，作目的状语。故选C。 19．（2024·福建三明·二模）Live-streaming (网络直播) offers farmers chances __________ fruit and vegetables across the country. A．sell B．selling C．to sell 【答案】C 【详解】句意：直播为农民提供了在全国范围内销售水果和蔬菜的机会。 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处是指“提供了在全国范围内销售水果和蔬菜”的机会，这里应用动词不定式作后置定语，故选C。 10．（2024·福建南平·二模）—It’s important to keep ahead on safety. —Well. My advice is ________ some basic first-aid knowledge. A．knows B．knew C．to know 【答案】C 【详解】句意：——保持安全是很重要的。——嗯。我的建议是了解一些基本的急救知识。 考查非谓语动词。空前是系动词is，此处应用动词不定式作表语，描述主语advice的内容。故选C。 二．语法填空 1．（2024·上海浦东新·一模）Many countries are working together to the problem of the war between Russia and Ukraine. (solution) 【答案】solve 【详解】句意：许多国家正在共同努力解决俄乌之间的战争问题。solution“解决方法”，许多国家共同努力的目的是解决俄乌战争问题，所以动词不定式作目的状语，to后跟动词原形，solution的动词是solve。故填solve。 2．（2025·上海虹口·一模）It was impossible for the Greeks to without the help of the trick. (success) 【答案】succeed 【详解】句意：如果没有这个技巧的帮助，希腊人是不可能成功的。分析句子结构可知，此处为句型“It is＋形容词＋for sb to do sth”，意为“做某事对某人来说是……的”，it为形式主语，不定式在此为真正的主语，空处应填动词原形，因此应用success的动词形式succeed。故填succeed。 3．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）To his point, Paul presented detailed evidence in his presentation. (proof) 【答案】prove 【详解】句意：为了说明他的观点，保罗在他的报告中提出了详细的证据。根据“To … his point”结合提示词可知，此处应用动词，表示为了证明他的观点，prove“证明”，动词，不定式符号to后应用动词原形。故填prove。 4．（2023·辽宁阜新·一模）My sister enjoys (play) the piano very much. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：我妹妹非常喜欢弹钢琴。根据“enjoys”结合提示词可知，enjoy doing sth.“喜欢做某事”，因此此处应用动名词作宾语。故填playing。 5．（2024·云南昆明·一模）Please pay attention to the words correctly. (pronounce) 【答案】pronouncing 【详解】句意：请注意单词的正确发音。pay attention to“注意”，其中to是介词，后接动名词；pronounce的动名词为pronouncing。故填pronouncing。 6．（2024·西藏昌都·一模）I don’t know what (choose) among so many clothes. 【答案】to choose 【详解】句意：我不知道在这么多衣服中选择什么。choose “选择”，动词。结合提示词和空前的what可知，本题考查 “疑问词+动词不定式” 结构，所以空处应填动词不定式to choose。故填to choose。 7．（2024·江苏南京·二模）As soon as the story came out on TV in England, many children became interested in (read) this story. 【答案】reading 【详解】句意：这个故事在英国电视上一播出，很多孩子就对读这个故事感兴趣了。空处应该填动名词作宾语。故填reading。 8．（2024·江苏南京·三模）Imagine how proud and helpful you can be while (introduce) traditional Chinese culture to your foreign friends in English! 【答案】introducing 【详解】句意：想象一下，当你用英语向外国朋友介绍中国传统文化时，你会感到多么自豪和有帮助！while后面应接动词的现在分词形式，作状语。故填introducing。 9．（2024·甘肃兰州·二模）Would you mind (wait) for me for another ten minutes? 【答案】waiting 【详解】句意：你介意再等我十分钟吗？mind doing“介意做某事”，故用动名词作宾语。故填waiting。 10．（2024·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·二模）The little kid had much difficulty all the horses. After all, he was too young.(control) 【答案】controlling 【详解】句意：这个小孩很难控制所有的马。毕竟，他太小了。have difficulty (in) doing sth“做某事有困难”，动名词作宾语，故填controlling。 11．（2024·云南昆明·三模）Enjoy , children! You can get more knowledge. (read) 【答案】reading 【详解】句意：孩子们，享受阅读吧！你可以获得更多的知识。enjoy doing sth.“享受做某事”，此处用动名词reading“阅读”。故填reading。 12．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）When I was young, I’d listen to the radio, for my favourite songs. (wait) 【答案】waiting 【详解】句意：在我年幼的时候，我会听收音机，等着我最喜欢的歌曲。句中已有谓语动词，且动词wait与主语I为主动关系，因此应用动词wait的现在分词，表伴随状态。故填waiting。 13．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）Online museums allow people (learn) about world history at home. 【答案】to learn 【详解】句意：网上博物馆允许人们在家学习世界历史。allow sb to do表示“允许某人做某事”，为固定搭配。故填to learn。 14．（22-23八年级下·云南临沧·期末） bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. (fight) 【答案】To fight 【详解】句意：为了对抗坏人，孙悟空使用了一根有魔法的棍子。由“…bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick”可知，此处表示用魔法棍子的目的是对抗坏人，应用动词不定式表目的，位于句首首字母t需大写。故填To fight。 15．（2024·江苏南京·二模） (hold) the 9th Asian Winter Games in February 2025 successfully, people in Harbin are busy preparing for them. 【答案】To hold 【详解】句意：为了在2025年2月成功举办第九届亚洲冬季运动会，哈尔滨人民正忙着为之做准备。根据“people in Harbin are busy preparing for them.”可知，哈尔滨人民正忙着做准备，是为了在2025年2月成功举办第九届亚洲冬季运动会，此处应用动词不定式表目的。故填To hold。 16．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Earthquake last month in Turkey was a real disaster, thousands of people homeless. (leave) 【答案】leaving 【详解】句意：上个月土耳其发生的地震是一场真正的灾难，使成千上万的人无家可归。此处是指地震导致很多人无家可归，是动作的发出者，用现在分词作状语。故填leaving。 17．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Grandma gets used to a glass of milk before sleeping. (drink) 【答案】drinking 【详解】句意：奶奶习惯睡觉前喝一杯牛奶。“get used to doing sth.”表示“习惯做某事”，因此此处动词需变为动名词“drinking”。故填drinking。 18．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）Lucy is looking forward to (receive) the letter from her best friend. 【答案】receiving 【详解】句意：露西正盼望着收到她最好的朋友的来信。receive“收到”；look forward to doing sth.“期待做某事”，需用动名词作宾语。故填receiving。 19．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）Remember (write) down something important when you are reading. 【答案】to write 【详解】句意：记得在阅读的时候写下一些重要的东西。remember doing sth.“记得做过某事”，remember to do sth.“记得要做某事”；根据“Remember ... down something important when you are reading.”可知阅读时要记得写下重点，应用remember to do sth.。故填to write。 20．（2024·江苏南京·三模）As one of the most famous businessmen, he manages (run) over 100 companies. 【答案】to run 【详解】句意：作为最著名的商人之一，他经营着100多家公司。manage to do sth.“设法做成某事”。故填to run。 21．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）What great contributions he has made to his hometown! (develop) 【答案】developing 【详解】句意：他为家乡的发展做出了多么大的贡献啊！此处是短语make contributions to doing“做出贡献”。故填developing。 22．（2024·甘肃武威·二模）Mother told me (not point) at others with chopsticks at meals. It was rude. 【答案】not to point 【详解】句意：妈妈告诉我吃饭时不要用筷子指着别人。太没礼貌了。根据“told me...”可知，此处应使用tell sb.(not) to do sth.，意为“告诉某人(不要)做某事，故答案为not to point。 23．（2024·甘肃武威·二模）The little girl can’t wait (see) her birthday gifts. 【答案】to see 【详解】句意：这个小女孩迫不及待地想看她的生日礼物。根据“can’t wait...”可知，此处是can’t wait to do sth.，意为“迫不及待想做某事”，故答案为to see。 24．（2024·辽宁辽阳·二模）We haven’t decided when (visit) our grandparents. 【答案】to visit 【详解】句意：我们还没有决定什么时候去看望我们的祖父母。根据“We haven’t decided when ... our grandparents.”可知，此处考查“疑问词+动词不定式”作宾语。故填to visit。 25．（2024·辽宁辽阳·二模）Plan your time well, and you can spend more time (take) part in activities you like. 【答案】taking 【详解】句意：计划好你的时间，你可以花更多的时间参加你喜欢的活动。spend some time doing sth.“花费时间做某事”，为固定用法，所以此处应用动词ing形式。故填taking。 26．（2024·西藏日喀则·二模）My parents advised me (take) part in a volunteering activity to help others in need. 【答案】to take 【详解】句意：我父母建议我参加志愿者活动去帮助有需要的人。“advise sb. to do sth.”表示“建议某人去做某事”，因此此处应用动词不定式“to take”，作宾语补足语。故填to take。 27．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）You need to act smartly instead of what everyone else is doing. (follow) 【答案】following 【详解】句意：你需要聪明地行动，而不是随波逐流。instead of后用动名词作宾语，故填following。 28．（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）It is easy for people (travel) around Tianshui by tram (有轨电车) . 【答案】to travel 【详解】句意：人们乘坐有轨电车游览天水很方便。分析题干可知此处是it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语，故填to travel。 29．（2024·云南昭通·三模）My mother gets used to through magazines before going to sleep. (look) 【答案】looking 【详解】句意：我妈妈习惯在睡觉前翻阅杂志。look“看”。根据“gets used to”可知，get used to doing“习惯做某事”。故填looking。 30．（2024·甘肃兰州·三模）Mary suggests (play) games with the kids. 【答案】playing 【详解】句意：玛丽建议和孩子们一起做游戏。play“玩”。根据“suggests”可知，suggest doing sth.“建议做某事”，此处应用动名词作宾语。故填playing。 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ 专题5.非谓语动词讲练 非谓语动词是一些特殊的动词，它们在句中不能单独作谓语，而有谓语以外的其他语法功能，在句子中不受主语的人称和数的限制，但仍有时态和语态的变化，也可以带宾语和状语，构成非谓语动词短语。非谓语动词分不定式、动名词和分词三种。动词不定式由“to+动词原形”构成，在特殊情况下有时to可以省略。动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时也具有动词的部分特征，能充当主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语、状语等成分。动名词由动词加-ing构成，在句中作主语、宾语、表语和定语。分词分为现在分词和过去分词两种。它们在句中作定语、状语、表语和补语。 我们从中考题中分析，非谓语动词通常出现在单项选择，语法填空等考题中。 对于非谓语动词语法能力考察集中于以下两点： （1）动词不定式 （2）动名词、现在分词 考向分析：中考对于非谓语动词的考察要求考生们： （1）掌握非谓语动词的定义； （2）掌握动词不定式的用法； （3）掌握一些特殊结构。 考点一 动词不定式 形式：动词不定式基本形式由“to do”构成。它的否定形式“not to do”。有时可以省略to，这里的to 是不定式符号，本身无词义。help sb.(to) do sth. make sb. do sth. 功能 例句 说明 主语 To speak English is not easy for us.=It is not easy for us to speak English.讲英语对我们来说不容易。 不定式作主语时,常常可用it作形式主语,而把不定式放在后面 表语 My work is to clean the room every day.我的工作就是每天打扫这间屋子。 多数情况下,不定式作表语表示主语的“职业、职责”等 宾语 I wish to speak to the manager. 我想跟经理说话。 只能作某些动词的宾语,一般不作介词的宾语 宾补 She asked me not to speak Chinese in class.她让我在课上不要讲汉语。 在make,let,see,hear,watch等使役、感官动词后,不定式省略to 定语 Have you got anything to say? 你有要说的吗? 不定式作定语,要放在所修饰词的后面 状语 I’m sorry to trouble you.(表原因)很抱歉,给你添麻烦了。 I went to the library to study English.(表目的) 我去图书馆学英语了。 不定式作状语,其逻辑主语要和句子的主语一致 1.不定式作主语 动词不定式作主语时,常用it作形式主语,而将真正的主语放在句末,常用结构为:It+be+adj.(+for/of sb.)+动词不定式。如: To learn English well is useful.→It is useful to learn English well. It’s important for us to protect the environment. 注意:在kind,good,nice,clever等表示人的品质的形容词后,不用for而用of。如: It’s very kind of you to help me.你帮助我真是太好啦。 It’s very clever of you to do like that.你那样做真是太聪明啦。 2.不定式作宾语 ①一些谓语动词后能用不定式作宾语,常见的这类词是表示命令、打算或希望的,如:would like,want,wish,hope,decide,plan,expect等。如: Would you like to see a film this evening?你今晚想去看电影吗? ②在find,think后跟不定式作宾语时,常用it代替,而将真正的宾语放在后面。如: I find it easy to read English every day. 3.不定式作宾语补足语 不定式作宾语补足语时与宾语有逻辑上的主谓关系。如: Lucy asked him to turn down the radio.露西让他关小收音机。 tell,ask,want,allow,get,would like,encourage后常跟动词不定式作宾语补足语。如: My mother encourages me to learn Japanese.我妈妈鼓励我学日语。 注意:还有一些使役动词和感官动词也用不定式作宾补。这时不定式要省略to。这些动词有:一感(feel)、二听(hear,listen to)、三让(let,make,have)、四看(look at,see,watch,notice)。但变被动语态时,必须加上to。如: My friends were made to work the whole night by the boss.老板让我的朋友们工作了一整夜。 4.不定式作定语 ①不定式作定语时,应放在名词之后。它与名词有逻辑上的动宾关系或主谓关系。 ②如果是不及物动词,且与所修饰的词之间有动宾关系,要在不定式后加上适当的介词。如: There is nothing to worry about.没有什么可担心的。 5.不定式常和疑问词what,which,when,where,how连用,构成“疑问句+不定式”结构,在句中作主语、宾语、表语等。 如The teacher is telling the students what to do.老师正告诉同学们做什么。 He didn’t know where to go.他不知道去哪里。(where to go = where he should go) 6.常见的一些后跟不带to的动词不定式结构: Why not do...,Why don’t you do...,had better do...,would rather do,could/would/will you please do... I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里。 专项训练 1.I hope　 　 (find)a good job in a foreign company after I graduate from high school.  2.He found it hard　　 　　 (catch up with)his classmates.  3.Father asks me　　 　　 (not play)computer games before finishing my homework.  4.All the children like Mr. White very much because he often makes them　　 　　 (laugh).  5.Let him　　 　　 (have)a rest.I think he must be tired after the long walk.  6.We have two rooms　　 　　 (live)in,but I can’t decide which one　　 　　 (choose).  7..I prefer　　 　　 TV rather than　　 　　 a book. 我宁愿看电视也不愿意读书。 考点二 动名词 动名词由动词原形加词尾“ing”构成。 动名词有动词的特征,可以跟宾语,可以被状语修饰；它也有名词的特征,在句子中可以作主语、宾语(包括介词宾语)等。 功能 例句 说明 主语 Eating too much is bad for your health. 吃太多对你的健康有害。 有时可用it作形式主语 宾 语 动词 宾语 I like playing basketball very much. 我非常喜欢打篮球。 表示一般的习惯或抽象行为 介词 宾语 Stamps are used for sending letters. 邮票是被用来寄信的。 / 表语 His hobby is collecting stamps. =Collecting stamps is his hobby. 他的爱好是集邮。 多数情况下,动名词作表语可转换成作主语 定语 She is in the reading room. 她在阅览室里。 We should improve our teaching methods.我们应该改进教学方法。 只表明它所修饰的词的用途、所属关系等,置于所修饰词之前 注意:英语中有一些词后面常跟动名词作宾语。初中阶段常见的有:finish,enjoy,mind,miss,be worth,be busy,practice,have fun,have trouble/problems(in),spend...(in)...,feel like,be used to 等。我们可按下面的顺口溜记忆这些词: 完成实践值得忙(finish,practice,be worth,be busy) 继续习惯别放弃(keep on,be used to,give up) 考虑建议不禁想(consider,suggest,can’t help,feel like) 喜欢思念要介意(enjoy,miss,mind) 易混易错 1.动词后接不定式和动名词的区别 (1) Stop talking,please.请不要说话。 Stop to think about it for a moment.停下来想一会儿。 (2) I remember posting your letter.我记得把你的信寄出去了。 Please remember to post my letter.请记得把我的信寄走。 (3) I forgot to bring my homework.我忘记带作业了。 I forgot bringing my homework.我忘记已把作业带来了。 (4) He tried speaking English to us.他试着用英语和我们谈话。 Please try to do better next time.下次设法做得更好些。 (5) Go on to do the other exercises after you finish this one.做完这个练习题后,接着做其他的。 Go on doing the exercises after a short rest.短暂休息之后,继续做这些练习。 (6) I regret to do this,but I have no choice.我很遗憾要这样做,但我没有办法。 I don’t regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔告诉她我的想法。 (7) I meant to go,but my father would not allow me to.我想去,但我父亲不肯让我去。 Doing that means wasting time.那样做意味着浪费时间。 2.need,require,want 后跟不定式和动名词的区别 当need,require,want作“需要”解时,后加动名词主动式等于加不定式的被动式。如: The window needs cleaning.=The window needs to be cleaned.那个窗户需要(被)擦了。 知识拓展 常见使用不定式的句型 (1)It’s time to do sth.=It’s time for sth.是该做……的时候了。 It’s time to go to bed.=It’s time for bed.到睡觉的时间了。 (2)There is no time left(for sb.)to do sth.(对某人来说)没有时间做某事了。 There is no time left for me to think more about it.我没有时间再考虑这件事了。 (3)It takes sb.+时间+to do sth.某人花费时间做某事。 It takes me half an hour to read English every day.我每天花半个小时读英语。 (4)be+形容词+enough to do sth.足够……做某事。 The child is old enough to dress himself.这小孩够大了,能自己穿衣服了。 (5)be+too+形容词+to do sth.太……而不能做某事。 The man was too excited to speak.那个人激动得说不出话来。 (6)be ready to do sth.准备做某事。 He is ready to go shopping.他准备去购物。 (7)prefer to do A rather than do B宁愿做A也不做B。 He preferred to go to work on foot rather than take a bus.他宁愿步行去上班也不愿乘公交车。 注意:含有介词to的固定短语 在初中阶段的英语学习中,学生常常会遇到含有介词的短语,而其中有些短语中所含的介词为to,它后面需要接名词、代词或动词的-ing形式,学生们很容易将这种情况与不定式符号to后接动词原形混淆。 (1)devote oneself to 献身/致力于…… He has devoted himself to helping disabled people.他致力于帮助残疾人。 (2)look forward to期盼,盼望 We are so much looking forward to seeing you again.我们非常盼望再见到你。 (3)be used to...习惯……;适应…… She is quite used to working hard.她很习惯努力工作。 专项训练 1.—Bob speaks Chinese quite well. —So he does.He practices　 　 (speak)Chinese every day.  2.Before 2024 we will finish　　 　　 (build)the school.  3.She said she didn’t feel like　　 　　 (go)out with you.  考点三 分词 包含现在分词（-ing）和过去分词(-ed)。 主要区别：现在分词一般有主动或表示动作正在进行的意思；过去分词有被动或动作已经完成的意思。 A.现在分词 1.作定语 当分词单独作定语时,放在所修饰的名词前;如果是分词短语作定语,放在名词后。如: China is one of the developing countries.中国是发展中国家之一。 The man speaking to the teacher is my father.正与老师谈话的那个人是我的父亲。 2.作表语 表示主语所具有的特征。现在分词作表语通常可以用very或quite来修饰,动名词则不能。如: Seeing is believing.眼见为实。(其中的believing是动名词,不能用very/quite来修饰) 3.作宾语补足语 能带现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:see,feel,watch,look at, notice, hear, keep, find, get, listen to, have等。如: You often see musicians performing in the streets.你经常看到音乐家在街上演奏。 4.现在分词作状语 现在分词在句中可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步等。 ①作时间状语。如: Hearing the news, she couldn’t help crying.听到那个消息,她忍不住哭了。 ②作原因状语。如: Being sick, I stayed at home.我因病待在家中。 B、过去分词的句法功能 1.作定语 I want to talk with the boy named Jim.我想和一个叫吉姆的男孩说话。 2.作表语 The window is broken.窗户破了。 3.作宾语补足语 I heard the song sung several times last week.上周我听见这首歌被唱了好几次。 4.作状语 Praised by the neighbours, he became the pride of his parents.受到邻居们的表扬,他成为父母的骄傲。 易混易错 1.现在分词和动词不定式作宾语补足语的区别 在动词see,watch,notice,hear,feel等后面接不带to的不定式作宾补时,表示已经完成了的动作;接现在分词作宾补时,表示动作正在进行着。如: I heard him reading English in the next room.我听到他正在隔壁读英语。(“读英语”这个动作正在进行) I heard him sing in the classroom.我听到他在教室里唱歌了。(“唱歌”这个动作已经结束) 2.现在分词与过去分词的区别 (1)在语态上,现在分词表示主动意义,过去分词表示被动意义。如: the surprising news令人惊讶的消息 a surprised look惊讶的神色 a moving film一场感人的电影 the moved people 被感动的人们 (2)在时间上,现在分词表示正在进行的动作,过去分词表示已经完成的动作。如: the rising sun正在升起的太阳 the risen sun升起来的太阳 3.have sb.do sth., have sb./sth.doing(sth.)和have sth.done的区别 (1)have sb.do sth.意为“让某人做某事”,have可以用let,make代替。此处为省略to的不定式表示一次性的具体动作。如: The soldiers had the boy stand with his back to his father.士兵们让这个男孩背对他的父亲站着。 (2)have sb./sth. doing(sth.)意为“让某人/物一直做某事”,have可以用keep代替,现在分词(doing)表示的动作往往具有持续进行的含义。如: The two men had their lights burning all night long.那两个人让灯通宵亮着。 (3)have sth. done意为“让某事被(别人)做”,即ask sb. else to do sth.。过去分词(done)表示这个动作由他人(非主语本身)来完成,含有被动意义。如: The driver had his car washed once a week.那位司机每周叫人洗一次车。 专项训练 1.The boy　 　 (stand)in the teacher’s office was found smoking yesterday.  2..India is a　 　 country.印度是一个发展中国家。  综合训练 1.I was surprised by the amazing views and opened the window 　　　　　　(take) photos.  2.Then I had to go to the country and do some “tests” 　　　　　　(see) if I could “survive(挺过来)” in different situations.  3.A month later I went to Spain. A Spanish teacher 　　　　　　(call) Paula came and began the test.  4.“Good for you,” his brother said. “And ask Haley if she wants 　　　　　　(go) to the skate park after you two finish the project.”  5.Finally, not only does hot pot taste wonderful, but it is the perfect way 　　　　　　(spend) time with others.  6.The manager of the store says the environment can help people learn to do “soul(灵魂) reading” by 　　　　　　(provide) a private experience with each book that draws one’s attention.   7.The little ant made himself at home in the elephant’s ear and kept　　　　　　(talk)to her!  8.Baroness Rebuck, the World Book Day founder, says, “Parents need to spend just 10 minutes a day reading and 　　　　　　(分享) stories with the children.”  9.After finishing the meal at the restaurant, I decided 　　　　　　(call) my dad.  10.Generally, the figure⁃skaters (花样滑冰运动员) are considered 　　　　　　(be) the ice kings.   11.She also plans to make videos 　　　　　　(鼓励)others to start their own projects.   12.When facing difficult situations, people are encouraged 　　　　　　(hold) on by the effect of bamboo culture.  13.Papermaking technology was improved day by day, and more and more kinds of paper were developed 　　　　　　(提供) different using choices.   14.Ann likes traveling to the seaside and she thinks l　　　　　　 on the beach is really comfortable.  中考模拟试题 一．选择填空 1．（2024·福建厦门·二模）一Would you mind me________here? —________. The seat is for Mr. Wu. A．siting; No, not at all B．to sit; Yes, I would C．sitting; Sorry, you’d better not. 2．（23-24八年级下·福建龙岩·期中）—What’s your plan for this weekend, Sarah? —I’m going to visit the sick kids in hospital ________ them up this Sunday. A．cheer B．to cheer C．cheering 3．（2024·福建厦门·三模）I enjoy reading the newspaper. I hope ________ out what’s going on around the world. A．find B．finding C．to find 4．（2024·福建宁德·二模） ________ my mother a surprise, I will cook a bowl of noodles for her on her birthday. A．To give B．Giving C．Give 5．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Our government are working to develop a positive online culture ________ the teenagers. A．protect B．protecting C．to protect 6．（2024·福建厦门·二模）—The socialist new countryside makes farmers ________ their living conditions. —I agree. My grandparents in the village always wear smiles on their faces. A．improve B．to improve C．improving 7．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Before the speech contest, I couldn’t help ________ my mom’s words “Calm down, carefully organize your thoughts and then express yourself clearly!” A．remind B．to remind C．reminding 8．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Knowing that they have raised enough money for the children’s home, he was too excited ________ a word. A．say B．saying C．to say 9．（2024·福建福州·三模）Although stamps are no longer popular, there are still many people who enjoy ________ them. A．collect B．to collect C．collecting 10．（2024·福建·三模）Every day he practices ________ the piano in order to realize his dream. A．play B．playing C．to play 11．（2024·福建泉州·二模）Ben spends half an hour ________ every day, so he is strong and active. A．exercise B．exercising C．to exercise 12．（2024·福建泉州·二模）______ the people locked inside the house on fire, the firemen broke down the door. A．To reach B．Reach C．Reaching 13．（2024·福建厦门·二模）Parents always expect their children ________ a joyful life. A．lead B．leading C．to lead 14．（2024·福建莆田·一模）—The air pollution is serious now. —_________ down air pollution, we had better take greener vehicles. A．Cut B．To cut C．Cutting 15．（2024·福建福州·二模）—We can use “WeChat” to talk with each other on the Internet.       —Really? Will you show me ________ it? A．how to use B．what to use C．how can I use 16．（2024·福建福州·二模）—What should I do, doctor?    —________ healthy, you should take more exercise. A．Keep B．Keeping C．To keep 17．（2024·福建漳州·二模）“New productive forces” is a hot topic. It means that we should use modem and better ways ________ the country grow. A．help B．to help C．helping 18．（2024·福建福州·二模）Some schools in Fuzhou have built gardens on the rooftops for children ________. A．relax B．relaxing C．to relax 19．（2024·福建三明·二模）Live-streaming (网络直播) offers farmers chances __________ fruit and vegetables across the country. A．sell B．selling C．to sell 10．（2024·福建南平·二模）—It’s important to keep ahead on safety. —Well. My advice is ________ some basic first-aid knowledge. A．knows B．knew C．to know 二．语法填空 1．（2024·上海浦东新·一模）Many countries are working together to the problem of the war between Russia and Ukraine. (solution) 2．（2025·上海虹口·一模）It was impossible for the Greeks to without the help of the trick. (success) 3．（2025·上海徐汇·一模）To his point, Paul presented detailed evidence in his presentation. (proof) 4．（2023·辽宁阜新·一模）My sister enjoys (play) the piano very much. 5．（2024·云南昆明·一模）Please pay attention to the words correctly. (pronounce) 6．（2024·西藏昌都·一模）I don’t know what (choose) among so many clothes. 7．（2024·江苏南京·二模）As soon as the story came out on TV in England, many children became interested in (read) this story. 8．（2024·江苏南京·三模）Imagine how proud and helpful you can be while (introduce) traditional Chinese culture to your foreign friends in English! 9．（2024·甘肃兰州·二模）Would you mind (wait) for me for another ten minutes? 10．（2024·内蒙古鄂尔多斯·二模）The little kid had much difficulty all the horses. After all, he was too young.(control) 11．（2024·云南昆明·三模）Enjoy , children! You can get more knowledge. (read) 12．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）When I was young, I’d listen to the radio, for my favourite songs. (wait) 13．（2024·江苏无锡·三模）Online museums allow people (learn) about world history at home. 14．（22-23八年级下·云南临沧·期末） bad people, the Monkey King uses a magic stick. (fight) 15．（2024·江苏南京·二模） (hold) the 9th Asian Winter Games in February 2025 successfully, people in Harbin are busy preparing for them. 16．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Earthquake last month in Turkey was a real disaster, thousands of people homeless. (leave) 17．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）Grandma gets used to a glass of milk before sleeping. (drink) 18．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）Lucy is looking forward to (receive) the letter from her best friend. 19．（2024·甘肃武威·三模）Remember (write) down something important when you are reading. 20．（2024·江苏南京·三模）As one of the most famous businessmen, he manages (run) over 100 companies. 21．（2024·江苏扬州·三模）What great contributions he has made to his hometown! (develop) 22．（2024·甘肃武威·二模）Mother told me (not point) at others with chopsticks at meals. It was rude. 23．（2024·甘肃武威·二模）The little girl can’t wait (see) her birthday gifts. 24．（2024·辽宁辽阳·二模）We haven’t decided when (visit) our grandparents. 25．（2024·辽宁辽阳·二模）Plan your time well, and you can spend more time (take) part in activities you like. 26．（2024·西藏日喀则·二模）My parents advised me (take) part in a volunteering activity to help others in need. 27．（2024·江苏扬州·二模）You need to act smartly instead of what everyone else is doing. (follow) 28．（2024·甘肃陇南·二模）It is easy for people (travel) around Tianshui by tram (有轨电车) . 29．（2024·云南昭通·三模）My mother gets used to through magazines before going to sleep. (look) 30．（2024·甘肃兰州·三模）Mary suggests (play) games with the kids. 试卷第1页，共3页 试卷第1页，共3页 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$