Unit1Honesty and responsibility【速记清单】-2024-2025学年高中英语单元速记·巧练（译林版2020选择性必修第四册）

Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility (选择性必修第四册) Unit1 核心词汇 1.　barely　 adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 2.　jaw　 n.下巴；颌 3.　diamond　 n.钻石 4.　worthwhile　 adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，令人愉快的 5.　arrest　 n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕 6.　principle　 n.道德原则；法则；信条 7.　decent　 adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的 8.　burden　 n.（义务、责任等的）重担，负担 9.　mineral　 n.矿物，矿物质 10.　superb　 adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 11.　parcel　 n.包裹，小包；一块地 vt.裹好，打包 12.　nephew　 n.侄子，外甥 13.　pause　 vi.停顿，暂停 n.停顿，停顿的时间 14.　sew　 vi.& vt.（sewed，sewn）缝，做针线活；缝上 15.　privilege　 n.荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，特别优待 16.　deadline　 n.最后期限，截止日期 17.　virtue　 n.美德；正直的品性；优点 18.　organic　 adj.有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 19.　garbage　 n.垃圾；废话 20.　saving　 n.节省物，节省；储蓄金 21.　bonus　 n.意外收获；奖金，红利 22.　harvest　 n.收成，收获量；收获季节，收割vt.& vi.收割，捕猎 阅读词汇 1.cigar n.　雪茄烟　 2.keen adj.　灵敏的，敏锐的；渴望，热切，热衷于　 3.eyebrow n.　眉毛　 4.scarfpin n.　围巾夹，领带别针　 5.collar n.　衣领；颈圈；圈，箍　 6.geophysicist n.　地球物理学家　 7.core adj.　核心的；最重要的　n.　核心，最重要的部分　 8.ward n.　病房　 9.substantial adj.　大量的，价值巨大的；结实的，牢固的　 10.embrace vt.& vi.　欣然接受；包含；拥抱　 11.phase n.　阶段，时期　 12.anchor n.　锚；给以安全感的人（或物）　 vi.& vt.　抛锚；使固定　 13.likewise adv.　同样地；也，而且　 14.integrity n.　诚实正直；完整，完好　 15.starfish n.　海星，星鱼　 16.jade n.　玉，碧玉　 17.rejoice vi.& vt.　非常高兴，深感欣喜　 18.quote n.　引语　vt.& vi.　引用，引述；举例说明　 短语 1.tear down　　拆毁，拆除 2.make one’s fortune　　发财 3.lose contact　　失去联系 4.arm in arm　　臂挽着臂 5.at the mercy of sb/sth　　任……处置；对……无能为力 6.weigh on sb/sth　　使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 7.on the beat　　在巡逻中 8.turn up　　出现，到场；卷起；调大 9.pull out　　离开，撤离；拔出 10.to one’s disappointment　　令某人感到失望的是 11.make a difference　　有影响，有关系 12.in store　　贮藏着；等待着；将要发生 13.light one’s cigar　　点燃雪茄 14.pull out a handsome watch　　掏出一块漂亮的手表 15.keep an appointment with the friend of his youth　　和他年轻时的朋友约会 16.outline the history of one’s career　　概述某人的职业生涯 17.release one’s arm　　松开某人的胳膊 18.change the shape of a man’s nose　　改变一个人鼻子的形状 19.be at the appointed place on time 　　按时到了约定地点 20.embrace the next phase of one’s life　　拥抱某人人生的下一个阶段 21.support your future development　　支持你们未来的发展 22.present one’s thoughts　　表达某人的想法 23.meet deadlines for your schoolwork　在最后期限前完成你的学业 24.go far beyond one’s studies　　远远超过学习 25.take your first step into the adult world　　迈出你进入成人世界的第一步 句型 1.句式：介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装 原句：In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit cigar in his mouth. 一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。 2.句式：where引导定语从句 原句：As you go through your daily life， you will encounter many difficult situations where things may go wrong. 在你的日常生活中，你会遇到很多事情出现各种问题的困难状况。 3.句式：“疑问词＋-ever”引导宾语从句； however引导让步状语从句 原句：Always give your best in whatever you set out to do， however difficult that might be. 总是尽你最大努力去做自己打算要做的事情，无论它有多困难。 4.句式：祈使句＋and＋陈述句 原句：Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow. 今天播下成功的种子，明天你将会拥有丰厚的收获。 语法 状语从句 知识点01 重点词汇、短语 1．appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务　appoint vt.任命，委派；约定，确定(时间、地点)　　　　 (1)have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会 have/make an appointment to do... 约时间做…… keep an appointment 准时赴约 break an appointment 违约 a permanent appointment 固定职位 first appointment 第一次任职 (2)appoint sb.(as/to be)＋职务 任命某人担任某职务 appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事 appoint sth. (date, time, place...)for... 为……确定某事(日期、时间、地点……) (3)at the appointed time 在指定时间 at the appointed place 在指定地点 ◎单句语法填空 ①I have an appointment ________ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. ②The man rang Mary up to make an ________ (appoint) with the doctor. ③The professor told him excitedly that he ________ (appoint) as the assistant professor. ④I'd like to make an appointment ________ next Wednesday afternoon. ⑤I have an appointment ________ (see) my lawyer next Saturday. ⑥Ten minutes before the ________ (appoint) time, he sat nervously outside her office. 答案：①with　②appointment　③had been appointed　④for ⑤to see　⑥appointed 2.reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的　rely v．信赖，依靠　 (1)a reliable friend 可信赖的朋友 need a reliable method 需要一个可靠的办法 information coming from a reliable source 来源可靠的消息 (2)rely on＝depend on＝rely upon 依靠；依赖；信任，信赖 rely on it that...＝depend on it that... 相信…… rely on sb./sth. to do sth. 依靠/信赖某人/某物做某事 rely on sb./sth. for sth. 依靠某人/某物提供某物 rely on sb./sth. doing sth. 依靠某人/某物做某事 ◎单句语法填空 ①If my car had been more ________ (rely), I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. ②Though he has shortcomings, he is a person ________ (rely) on. ③You can rely/depend on it ________ Peter would like to accept the suggestion. ④It's not wise always to rely ________ others' help. ⑤We should rely on ________ that everything will go well. 答案①reliable　②to rely　③that　④on/upon　⑤it 3.worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 值……，值……钱，值得做…… (1)be worth＋n. be worth doing(用主动形式表被动含义；worth前常用well修饰，表示“很值得”。) (2)be worthy of＋n. be worthy of being done be worthy to be done It is worthwhile to do sth. It is worthwhile doing sth. 这件事值得考虑。 The matter is worth consideration/considering. ＝The matter is worthy of consideration/of being considered/to be considered. ＝It is worthwhile to consider the matter. ＝It is worthwhile considering the matter. ◎单句语法填空 ①In my opinion, the book Who Moved My Cheese is well worth ________ (read) a second time. ②The novel is worthy ________ (read) a second time. ③It might be worthwhile ________ (consider) your attitude to an insurance policy. 答案：①reading　②of being read/to be read　③considering/to consider 4．suspect vt. & vi.疑有，觉得　n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象　　 (1)suspect that... 怀疑/认为……(尤指坏事可能属实或发生) suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是…… suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事 suspect sb. of telling lies 怀疑某人撒谎 (2)a murder suspect 杀人嫌疑犯 the main/prime suspect 首要嫌疑人 ◎单句语法填空 ①It seemed that the girl suspected me ________ stealing her necklace. ②The man, ________ (suspect) of stealing the jewels from the shop, was missing last night. ③The police suspected ________ she had some connection with the robbery. ④He ________ (suspect) of carrying drugs, so his bag was searched by the police. 答案：①of　②suspected　③that　④was suspected 5．legal adj.合法的；法律的　illegal adj.不合法的；非法的；违法的　legally adv.合法地；法律上　illegally adv.非法地 (1)the legal system 法律体系 take legal advice 听取法律方面的建议 reach the legal age for drinking 到喝酒的法定年龄 legal fees 律师费用 a legal adviser 法律顾问 (2)It is illegal (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是非法的。 illegal immigrants 非法移民 illegal drugs 违禁药品，毒品 illegal activities 非法活动 an illegal act 违法行为 illegal parking 违章停车 an illegally parked car 违章停放的汽车 ◎单句语法填空 ①It is ________ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol. ②Parking lot owners should be ________ (legal) responsible for protecting vehicles. 答案：①illegal　②legally 6．resign vt. & vi.辞职，辞去　resignation n．辞职；辞职信，辞呈　　　　　 (1)resign from＋工作单位(company，committee，factory，etc.) 从……辞职 resign as＋身份名词(manager，chairman，etc.) 辞去……职务 resign one's position/post/seat 辞去某人的职务 resign oneself to 顺从；听任 resign herself to her fate 她听天由命 (2)hand in your resignation 上交辞职信 a letter of resignation 辞职信 ◎单句语法填空 ①Mr Smith resigned ________ headmaster last month. ②As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends to resign ________ the company. ③He ________ (resign) his post because he had been offered a better job. ④The ________ (resign) came as a complete surprise. 答案：①as　②from　③resigned　④resignation 7．ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧，尴尬　shame n．羞耻；羞愧；耻辱，丢脸；令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事 (1)be ashamed of oneself 为自己感到羞愧 be ashamed that... 对……感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth. 做某事而感到惭愧 (2)It is a shame that... 真遗憾…… to one's shame 令某人感到羞耻的是 What a shame! 多可惜！/真遗憾！ ◎单句语法填空 ①I think you should be ashamed ________ your rudeness. ②I am ashamed ________ (admit) that I've never read any of his books. ③The boy was ________ (shame) to tell his mother that he had failed. ④You should be ________ (shame) of your ________ (shame) behaviour at the opening ceremony. 答案：7．①of　②to admit　③ashamed　④ashamed　shameful 8.forgive vt. & vi. (forgave, forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)　　 (1)forgive sb. sth. 宽恕某人某事 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事 forgive and forget 不念旧恶，不记仇 Please forgive me... 请原谅我…… (2)excuse sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事 thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而感谢某人 praise sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而表扬某人 punish sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而惩罚某人 scold sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而责备某人 ◎单句语法填空 ①I will never forgive him ________ what he said last night. ②Expecting to ________ (forgive) is like asking someone to say thank you for the gift. ③It is obvious that he ________ (forgive) her for telling lies. ④You could be forgiven ________ thinking football is a religion here. 答案：①for　②be forgiven　③has forgiven　④for 9．disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的　　　 (1)be disappointed at/with/about/in 对……感到失望 be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而感到失望 be disappointed that... 因……而感到失望 bitterly/deeply/terribly disappointed 极为失望 (2)a disappointing result/performance 令人失望的结果/演出 (3)to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 ◎单句语法填空 ①She was disappointed ________ (learn) that she had failed the test at her first attempt. ②She was ________ (disappoint) that he never replied to her letter. ③When hearing the ________ (disappoint) news that he was banned from driving, the old man was very ________ (disappoint)． ④Much to his ________ (disappoint), his son is addicted to smoking. 答案：①to learn　②disappointed　③disappointing　disappointed ④disappointment 10.phase n．阶段，时期 in phases 分阶段 a new phase 新阶段 an opening phase 开始阶段 the design phase 设计阶段 the initial/final phase of the project 工程的初始/最后阶段 a critical/decisive phase 关键性/决定性阶段 during the first/next/last phase 在第一/下一/最后阶段 pass through three phases 经过三个阶段 begin/enter/go through a phase 开始/进入/经历一个阶段 ◎单句语法填空 ①The work will be carried out ________ phases. ②The project will enter a ________ (two) phase at the beginning of 2030. ③She is going ________ a difficult phase. 答案：①in　②second　③through 11．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕；幸运 at the mercy of sb./sth. 任……处置，对……无能为力 show mercy to sb. 对某人仁慈 have mercy on sb. 怜悯某人 ask/beg for mercy 请求/乞求宽恕 without mercy 毫不留情地，残忍地 It's a mercy (that)．.. 幸运的是…… ◎单句语法填空 ①The fishermen got lost when fishing, so they were now ________ the mercy of the wind. ②The judge had no mercy ________ the drunk driver. ＝The judge showed no mercy ________ the drunk driver. ③The woman was so foolish that she was completely ________ the mercy of him. ◎完成句子 ④曾有一段时间，一些濒危物种遭到残忍捕杀。 There was a time when some endangered animals were killed ________________. 答案：①at　②on　to　③at　④without mercy 12．guidance n．指导；导航　　　　　 (1)under one's guidance ＝under the guidance of sb. 在某人的指导下 under one's expert guidance 在某人的专业指导下 guidance on/about... 关于……的指导 career guidance 职业指导 (2)guide sb. to/through/around... 带某人到/穿过/参观…… a tour guide 导游 a guide to family health 家庭健康指南 misguide sb. 误导某人 ◎单句语法填空 ①The guide guided us ________ the gallery, pointing out the most famous painting in the collection. ②________ (guide) by the Party, we are marching from one victory to another. ③She received very little career ________ (guide) when young. ④For just a small donation you can take a tour ________ our garden guide. ⑤However, they have real impacts, as they result in ________ (misguide) use of scarce resources. 答案：①around　②Guided　③guidance　④with　⑤misguided 13.quote n．引语　vt. & vi.引用，引述；举例说明 quote me an instance 给我举个例子 quote Shakespeare 引用莎士比亚的话 a dictionary of quotations 引语词典 quote (...unquote) (用于引文的开始和结尾)引文起(……引文止) a quote from sb. 引自某人的一句话 quote from 引用自…… ◎单句语法填空 ①The president ________ (quote) in the press as saying that he disagreed with the decision. ②In my composition, there is a quote ________ the minister's speech. ③I still love to record ideas and ________ (quote) that strike me in books 答案：①was quoted　②from　③quotations 14．tear down拆毁，拆除　tear( tore, torn) v．扯破；撕破；扯掉；撕掉 Years later, we decided to tear down our ugly house and build a beautiful one with a garden. 几年后，我们决定拆掉我们那座难看的房子，建一座带花园的漂亮房子。 tear up 撕碎；拔起 tear down a notice 撕下布告 tear into tiny pieces 撕得粉碎 tear off clothes 扯掉衣服 tear the letter into/to pieces 把信撕成碎片 ◎单句语法填空 ①There are several main reasons why old buildings should be torn ________ and replaced by new ones. ②So far it ________ (tear) down to make room for a new restaurant. 答案：①down　②has been torn 15. lose contact失去联系　contact n．联系；联络；接触　vt.联系　　　 (1)lose contact with 与……失去联系 make contact with sb./get in contact with sb. 与某人取得联系 bring sb.in contact with... 让某人接触…… establish contact with sb. 与某人建立联系 be in contact with sb. 与某人联系 be out of contact with sb. 与某人失去联系 stay/keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系 physical/eye contact 身体/目光接触 (2)contact sb.immediately/directly 立即/直接与某人联系 contact sb. by email/telephone 通过电子邮件/电话与某人联系 ◎单句语法填空 ①Modern science makes it possible for us to be in contact ________ each other much more easily. ②It's unusual for a grouse to have any contact ________ people. ③Modern science makes it possible for us to keep ________ contact with each other easily. ④Taking on this challenge will bring you ________ contact with someone who shares your interests. ⑤There was no signal in that faraway village and I lost contact ________ my friends. 答案：①with　②with　③in　④in　⑤with 16．arm in arm臂挽着臂(在句中作状语) We went skipping down the street arm in arm. 我们臂挽着臂蹦蹦跳跳地沿大街走着。 (1)常用的结构类似的短语： back to back 背靠背地 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 side by side 并排地 step by step 逐步地 hand in hand 手拉手地 year after year 年年，每年 day after day 日复一日 head to head 正面交锋地 heart to heart 谈心；交心 face to face 面对面地 little by little 逐渐地 (2)“名词-介词-名词”是形容词，作前置定语。 face-to-face 面对面的 back-to-back 一个接一个的；连续发生的 heart-to-heart 敞开心扉的 head-to-head 正面交锋的；面对面的 ◎单句语法填空 ①Technology and business strategies go hand ________ hand. ②Year ________ year I have a birthday present from my parents. ③This cycle goes day ________ day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night... ④With this technology, many people are losing the opportunity to greet friends face ________ face. ⑤That night, the two of them sat side ________ side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. 答案：①in　②after　③after　④to　⑤by 17．weigh on sb./sth.使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 Don't let it weigh on your mind.你不要因此背包袱。 A heavy decision weighed on my shoulders.我肩负着一个重大决定。 (1)weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡 weigh down 使烦恼；使焦虑；使忧心忡忡 weigh in (在讨论、辩论等中)发表有分量的意见，发挥作用　　　　 weigh out 称出(一定重量的东西) (2)put on/gain weight 体重增加 watch one's weight 控制体重 by weight 按重量 in weight 在重量上 ◎单句语法填空 ①I ________ (weigh) 245 pounds last year and was out of shape. ②The boy appeared anxious, had lost ________ (weigh) and was not sleeping well. ③The responsibilities of supporting his big family weigh ________ him heavily. ④Generally speaking, fruit and vegetables are sold ________ weight. 答案：①weighed　②weight　③on　④by 18．in store (for sb.)即将发生(在某人身上)；等待着(某人) We don't know what life holds in store for us.我们不知道等待我们的将是什么样的生活。 in＋名词 in tears 流泪，泪流满面 in excitement 兴奋地 in advance 提前 in public 公开地 in person 亲身，亲自 in detail 详细地 in large numbers 大量地，大规模地 in return 作为回报 ◎单句语法填空 ①There's trouble ________ store for her. ②None of us knows what lies in store ________ us tomorrow. ③My furniture was ________ store while I was abroad. ④She left the room ________ tears so I went after her. ⑤We offer an excellent education to our students. ________ return, we expect students to work hard. 答案：①in　②for　③in　④in　⑤In 19．contribute to有助于；捐献；导致　contribution n．贡献；捐献；稿件 (1)contribute...to... 为……贡献/捐献…… contribute money to the flood-stricken area向洪水灾区捐款 contribute time to the activity把时间花在这项活动上 contribute articles to the magazine给这家杂志撰稿 (2)make a contribution/contributions to为……做出贡献；向……捐款 make a contribution to society为社会做贡献 make a contribution to charity给慈善事业捐款 ◎单句语法填空 ①3D food printing could probably contribute ________ the solution. ②He contributed his manuscript ________ the publisher. ③As the youth of the new era, we should contribute our strength ________ the construction of our motherland. ④Who made a great ________ (contribute) to the civil-rights movement in the U．S.? ⑤No doubt the theater has contributed ________ the area's development and economic growth. 答案：6．①to　②to　③to　④contribution　⑤to 知识点02 重点句型 1．完全倒装 常见的完全倒装的情况： (1)表地点的介词短语置于句首强调地点概念，谓语动词为be，stand，lie，hang，come，walk，sit等不及物动词，且句子的主语是名词时。 In the distance lies a car.远处有一辆小汽车。 Inside the parcel was a letter.包裹内有一封信。 On the wall hang two large paintings of the artist.墙上挂着这位艺术家的两幅巨幅油画。 In the front of the lecture hall sits a professor.演讲厅的前面坐着一位教授。 (2)there be句型。其中be可以换为exist，lie，live，stand，remain等动词。 Since you have repaired my phone, there is no need for me to buy a new one. 既然你把我的手机修好了，我就不需要再买新的了。 There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.山顶上有座庙。 There appeared a rainbow in the sky shortly after it stopped raining.雨停后不久，天空出现了一道彩虹。 (3)副词here，there，now，then等置于句首，谓语动词是be，come，go等，且句子的主语是名词时。Here is your letter.你的信在这儿。 There goes the bell.铃响了。 Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。 Then came the chairman.那时主席来了。 (4)表示运动方向的副词in，out，up，down，away，off，back，over等置于句首，谓语动词是come，go，follow，rush，run，fly等表示运动的不及物动词，且句子的主语是名词时。 Out rushed a boy and a dog.一个男孩和一只狗冲了出来。 In came the headteacher, with a book in his hand.校长进来了，手里拿着一本书。 Up went the arrow into the air.箭直射向空中。 Away flew the swallow.燕子飞走了。 [基础练习]单句语法填空 ①The door opened, and in ________ (come) some pupils with flowers in their hands for the teacher. ②We have to stop talking here outside. Listen! There ________ (go) the bell! ③The child tiptoed (踮着脚走 ) quietly to the bird. Away it ________ (fly) into the forest when he was about to catch it. ④We have been keeping guard for four hours and now ________ (come) your turn. [能力提升]单句写作 ⑤在桌子上有一条金项链。 ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥学校后边有条河。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 答案：1．①came　②goes　③flew　④comes　⑤On the table is a gold necklace.　⑥There is a river behind the school. 2.no matter what...无论什么…… [教材原句]Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.反正，那天晚上我们约定从那时那刻的二十年后再在这里见面，不管日后各自的情况如何，也不管我们得从多远的地方赶来。 [句式分析](1)句中的no matter what引导的是让步状语从句，相当于whatever。 (2)①引导让步状语从句的词还有： no matter where＝wherever不管什么地方 no matter which＝whichever不管哪一个 No matter where/Wherever you are, you must obey the laws.不管你在哪里，你必须遵守法律。 No matter what/Whatever I say, she won't listen.不管我说什么，她都不听。 No matter who/Whoever you are, you should respect others.不管你是谁，你都应该尊重他人。 ②whatever，whichever和whoever也可引导名词性从句。 Whoever comes first will be given a prize.谁先来，谁就得奖。 Whatever you did was right.你做的任何事都是对的。 [基础练习]完成句子 ①I tend to consult consumption ratings ________________________ (无论买什么东西)． ②Next time you take a walk, ________________________ (不管在哪里), take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. ③Nationalities may influence personalities, but at the end of the day, people are themselves, ______________________ (不管他们来自哪里)． ④__________________________________ (不管广告有多么好), you must be careful. ⑤________________________ (不管什么时候需要帮助), you can turn to me. 答案：①no matter what I purchase　②no matter where it is ③no matter where they come from 　 ④No matter how good the advertisement is　⑤Whenever you need help 3.be doing...when...正在做……，这时/突然…… [教材原句]I was passing Anne's bedroom when I heard her talking on the phone. 我经过安妮的卧室时，听到她在打电话。 [句式分析]be doing...when...是固定句式，表示在做某事的同时，突然发生另外一件事。主句的时态多为过去时。 be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时/突然…… be about to do...when...正要做……这时/突然…… had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时/突然…… I was on the point of going out when the phone rang.我当时正要出去，突然电话铃响了。 I was about to go to bed when my mom asked me to clean the floor. 我当时正要上床睡觉，这时妈妈让我扫地。 We had just arrived at the airport when the plane took off.我们刚到机场，这时飞机起飞了。 [基础练习]单句语法填空 ①I ________ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. ②Jack was working in the lab ________ the power cut occurred. ③I was about to give up ________ my father came and encouraged me to keep going. ④In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness ________ I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. 答案：①was driving　②when　③when　④when 一．语法精讲——状语从句 状语从句（讲义） （一）时间状语从句 课堂导入： One Saturday morning，when I was listening to my favorite songs①，my mother asked me to do my homework first.However，as soon as she left②，I turned on my MP3 again.I didn’t start to do my homework until I heard somebody opening the door.③Hardly had I taken out my pen when my mother came back.④ My mum said angrily，“Every time I go out⑤，you will do other things instead of doing your homework.It has been two hours since I left⑥.How much homework had you finished by the time I entered the room⑦？ You began to do other things the moment I stepped out of the room⑧，didn’t you？” It was half an hour before she stopped scolding me⑨.I hope I will get rid of the bad habits as time goes by⑩.I promise I will not do the same thing when she goes out next time①. [规则感悟]　①when当……时候 ②as soon as 一……就…… ③not...until...直到……才…… ④一……就…… ⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等 ⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时 ⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用 ⑧the moment 后面直接跟句子，意为“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly ⑨before到……为止，在……之前 ⑩as随着 1．“by＋过去的时间”引导的时间状语从句：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；主句用将来完成时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。 I had remembered about 2,000 words by the time I graduated from junior high school. 到初中毕业为止，我已经记了大约两千个单词了。 By the time you come back，we will have finished the job.到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。 2．before的特殊用法。 (1)It will be＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时) It will be four hours before his flight arrives. 要过四个小时之后，他的航班才会抵达。 (2)It＋was＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时) It was ten years before the couple met again. 十年之后，这对夫妇才再次相见。 3．since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，常用结构为“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...”(从句用一般过去时)。 It is four years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来已有四年了。 4．till/until的用法。 till/until用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until 可用于句首，而till 不能用于句首。 If you don’t understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out. 如果你有不懂的东西，你可以研究、学习以及和其他人进行交谈，直到你把它弄明白。 She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down. 直到学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。 5．表示“一……就……”的连词(短语)。 (1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly等。 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy. 我姑姑苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。 (2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我一到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。 （二）其他状语从句 课前导入： I failed to pass the exam yesterday because I was careless①.I was so sad that tears came out of my eyes.② My teacher noticed this and called me to her office.“Though you’re clever③，you didn’t perform as well as your deskmate did this time④.Why? He will make a mark where he makes a mistake⑤ and figure it out in his notebook.If you correct your mistakes⑥ as he does⑦ after the exam，you will make great progress next time.” I must learn from my deskmate so that I can pass the exam next time.⑧ [规则感悟]　①为原因状语从句 ②为结果状语从句 ③为让步状语从句 ④为比较状语从句 ⑤为地点状语从句 ⑥为条件状语从句 ⑦为方式状语从句 ⑧为目的状语从句 1．让步状语从句 (1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 Although/Though he may be troubled，he always presents a calm smiling face. 尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的笑脸。 Child as/though he is，he has helped me a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很多忙。 (2)although与though都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。 Although/Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football. 虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。 (3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。 While I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。 (4)no matter who(what，when，which，how等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“who(what，when，which，how等)＋-ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样等)”。 He keeps taking exercise no matter how cold it is.不管天气有多冷，他都坚持锻炼。 Whatever work we do，we should do our best. 不管做什么工作，我们都应尽全力。 (5)whether...or...引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管……，还是……”。 Whether he comes here or we go there，the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged. 不管他来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都会保持不变。 (6)even if/though引导的让步状语从句 even if/though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。 Tim is in good shape physically even though/if he doesn’t get much exercise. 即使蒂姆不怎么锻炼，他的身体状况也很好。 2．目的状语从句 (1)in order that与so that引导的目的状语从句 in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。 Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can all hear you. 大点声讲，以便大厅里的人都能听见。 In order that we get there on time，we should set out early. 为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。 (2)for fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句 for fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。 Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。 3．结果状语从句 (1)so＋＋that从句 He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family. 他挣如此少的钱，以至于养不起家。 (2)such＋＋that从句 He is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.＝He is so learned a person that we all admire him very much. 他是如此知识渊博的一个人，以至于我们都非常欣赏他。 注意：当“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 So anxious am I that I can’t sleep until deep into the night. 我是如此焦虑以至于直到深夜我才能睡着。 (3)so that也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。 He didn’t obey the contract，so that he was fined.他没有遵守合约，因此他被罚了款。 4．条件状语从句 if，unless，so/as long as，in case，on condition that，supposing/suppose (that)等都可以引导条件状语从句。条件状语从句要注意“主将从现”的用法。 unless意义上等于if not，在应用时如果不把握可以用if not 替换一下，讲得通的话，才能使用unless。 You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。 5．地点状语从句 where意为“在某个地方”；wherever意为“无论在哪里”。 You can sit wherever you like. 你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。 6．原因状语从句 because意为“因为”，语气强烈，表示事情发生的直接原因，常用来回答why的提问；since意为“既然，由于”，语气较弱，通常置于句首，表示说话双方都知道的原因；as表示双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，含义与since相同，但语气更弱；now that意为“既然，由于”，用已成事实的原因作为前提。 Now that you’ve grown up，you must learn to stand on your own feet. 你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。 状语从句易错题分析 误判并列句和状语从句 1. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones, ________ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. 【答案】 and 【易错分析】句子较长，造成逻辑意思理解困难，误以为定语从句或状语从句。 【解题思路】考查并列连词。GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性（完整性）、保护生物多样性、保护生态缓冲区、_____为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然金鞘（资产）”的指导原则。 2. Guide dogs offer social, physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind， training them is an expensive and long process.  【答案】 and 【易错分析】句子较长，造成逻辑意思理解困难，误以为定语从句或状语从句。 【解题思路】考查并列连词。上下文之间为转折关系。句意：导盲犬为一些盲人提供了社会，身体和心理上的好处，但是训练他们是一个昂贵而漫长的过程。 【名师点津】并列句和状语从句中的连词是语法填空题中常考点之一。连词分为并列连词和从属连词，常考的并列连词有and，but，or，so，while，when等； 状语从句的省略 1. Though ________(defeat) , he still felt sad. 【答案】defeated 【易错分析】为熟练掌握状语从句的省略用法。 【解题思路】though是连词应当引导让步状语从句，从句中无主语，可知考查状语从句的省略。观察defeat与he是被动关系，故填defeated。 【名师点津】在时间，条件，让步状语从句中，从句中的主语和主句中的主语一致，并且含有be动词时，可把从句中的主语和be动词同时省略。或只需考虑所给动词和主语的逻辑关系，主动用doing,被动则用done。 2. When ________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 【答案】comparing 【易错分析】 为熟练掌握状语从句的省略用法, 没有仔细推断主语we和compare在本句中的逻辑主被动关系。 【解题思路】由连词when及动词可知本题考查省略句。句意：当我们比较不同的文化时，我们往往只注意到差异，而没有注意到许多相似之处。主语we与compare为主动关系，故填comparing。 典例分析 1. Wang saw the lively scene ________ she was traveling in Aksu. 【答案】when/while/as 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：王在阿克苏旅游时看到了这热闹的一幕。引导时间状语从句，表示“当……时候”应用when/while/as引导。故填when/while/as。 2. The power rationing in Jiangsu also forced factories in the key manufacturing(制造业） industry to cut or even stop their operations________ the end of the month. 【答案】填until/till 【解析】考查连词。句意：江苏的限电还迫使关键制造业的工厂减产甚至停产，直到月底。根据语境可知，句子表示“江苏的限电还迫使关键制造业的工厂减产甚至停产，直到月底”，空格处意为“直到”，是until/till，故填until/till。 3．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it. 【答案】As long as 【解析】考查状语从句。句意：只要他们知道我在做什么，他们就不会介意。引导条件状语从句，表示“只要”应用as long as，句首单词首字母要大写。故填As long as。 4．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny ________ they think they are? 【答案】as 【解析】考查连词。句意：是外国人不懂英式幽默，还是英国人真的不像他们自己认为的那样有趣？根据“just not so funny”和“they think they are”可知此处要用连词，短语so...as...意为“与……一样”。故填as。 5．Much ________ I like this book, I like others much better. 【答案】as/though 【解析】考查让步状语从句的倒装。句意：虽然我很喜欢这本书，但我更喜欢其他书。分析句子可知，句子为让步状语从句，空格处单词引导从句，句子为部分倒装，构成“强调对象+as/though+主语+其他部分”，故应用“as/though”引导从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。故填as/though。 6．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity. 【答案】Whatever 【解析】考查让步状语从句。句意：不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献。由“Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity”可知，句子表示“不管真相如何，富兰克林确实对电学的研究做出了贡献”，空格处意为“无论什么”，用whatever引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填Whatever。 7．________ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. 【答案】While/Although 【解析】考查连词和让步状语从句。句意：虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链中的一员。由“a significant number of jaguars survive here”可知，句子表示“虽然大量的美洲虎在这里生存，但它们只是这片森林食物链中的一员”，空格处意为“虽然，尽管”，是while/although，引导让步状语从句，位于句首，首字母大写，故填While/Although。 8．He didn’t formally retire ______ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter. 【答案】until 【解析】考查连词。句意：他直到去年12月才正式退休，然后就飞往意大利去看望女儿了。not…until…直到……才……，是一个固定句型，引导时间状语从句，故填until。 高考模拟试题 一、单项选择 1.（2024·山东·一模）—She is highly skilled at dealing with difficulties. —__________ she’s had special training, see? A．Because B．Because of C．As if D．As long as 【答案】A 【详解】考查连词和介词辨析。句意：——她非常善于处理困难。——因为她受过特殊训练，明白吗？A. Because因为；B. Because of因为；C. As if好像；D. As long as只要；根据语境和后文“see?”可知，此处说明“她善于处理困难的原因”，because of是介词短语，不接从句。故选A项。 2.（2024·天津·三模）_______ you form the habit of taking regular exercise and stick to it, you will be much healthier. A．As long as B．In case C．As if D．Even if 【答案】A 【详解】考查状语从句连接词辨析。句意：只要你养成定期锻炼的习惯并坚持下去，你就会健康得多。A. As long as只要；B. In case以防万一；C. As if仿佛，好像；D. Even if尽管。分析句子以及根据句意，此处引导的是条件状语从句，表示“只要你养成定期锻炼的习惯并坚持下去”，表示条件。故选A。 3.（2024·广东广州·二模）______hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A．Whatever B．Whichever C．However D．Whenever 【答案】C 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：不减少进食，无论你怎么努力，要减肥都是困难的。A. Whatever无论什么；B. Whichever无论哪一个；C. However无论怎样；D. Whenever无论什么时候。分析句意可知，空处为让步状语从句的引导词，意思为“无论怎样”，however =no matter how无论怎么，引导让步状语从句。故选C。 4.（2024·上海·二模）________ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown. A．Unpopular as has white been B．As unpopular white has been C．As white has been unpopular D．Unpopular as white has been 【答案】D 【详解】考查倒装结构和从句。句意：虽然白色过去不受欢迎，但目前它是婚纱的首选颜色。as是连词，引导让步状语从句时，往往使用部分倒装结构，构成“形容词+as+主语+谓语”结构。故选D。 5．（2024·天津和平·二模）You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online. A．when B．as C．whether D．once 【答案】C 【详解】考查让步状语从句。句意：你可以在几分钟内学到足够的急救知识——无论是通过读书、参加课程还是在线观看视频。固定结构：whether...or...“不管……还是……”。引导让步状语从句。结合句意及选项可知，选项C符合题意，故选C。 6．（2024·重庆一模）________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better. A．Now that B．Although C．Due to D．Despite 【答案】A 【详解】考查连词。句意：由于我的头脑清醒了，我的大脑开始运转得更好了。A. now that 既然；由于；B. although conj. 虽然；C. due to 由于；因为；D. despite prep. 尽管，虽然。根据句子结构和意思可知，这里需要连词，表示“因为，由于”的意思，引导原因状语从句。C选项的是介词短语。故选A。 7．（2024·湖南·三模）_____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A．If B．While C．Because D．As 【答案】B 【详解】考查状语从句连词。句意：尽管因特网很有帮助，但我并不认为在网上花太多时间是一个好主意。根据句意可知上下文表示转折关系，句中while相当于although/though。故B项正确。 8．（2024·北京石景山·一模）She was such a proud person that she would die she would admit she was wrong. A．since B．when C．unless D．before 【答案】D 【详解】考查状语从句。句意：她是个如此骄傲的人以至于她宁愿死也不愿承认她是错的。这里用before，这个词翻译的时候很灵活，可以是“才…，就…，还没来得及…”，也可以像这题一样翻译成表示“宁愿…，决不…，与其…，毋宁…”常与will或would连用，所以选D。 9．（2024浙江·三模）　　　　 online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A．Since B．After C．While D．Unless 【答案】C 【详解】试题分析：句意：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但是不是其所有的影响都是积极的。while引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since既然，自从；after在……之后；unless除非。故选C。 10．（2024高三·天津·三模）______ more and more people may turn to the Internet for the latest news, it is unlikely that the newspaper will disappear． A．When B．Because C．Since D．While 【答案】D 【详解】考查连词。句意：虽然越来越多的人愿意上网看最新的新闻，但是报纸也不会消失。A.When 当……时；B. Because 因为； C. Since自从。D.While尽管。分析句子可知，逗号前后两句是转折关系，所以此处用while引导让步状语从句。故选D。 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$ Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility (选择性必修第四册) Unit1 核心词汇 1.　　 adv.刚好；仅仅，勉强可能；几乎不；刚才 2.　　 n.下巴；颌 3.　 　 n.钻石 4.　 　 adj.值得花时间（或花钱、努力等），重要的，令人愉快的 5.　 　 n.& vt.逮捕，拘捕 6.　 　 n.道德原则；法则；信条 7.　 　 adj.正派的，合乎礼节的；得体的，适当的 8.　 　 n.（义务、责任等的）重担，负担 9.　 　 n.矿物，矿物质 10.　 　 adj.极佳的，卓越的，质量极高的 11.　 　 n.包裹，小包；一块地 vt.裹好，打包 12.　 　 n.侄子，外甥 13.　 　 vi.停顿，暂停 n.停顿，停顿的时间 14.　 　 vi.& vt.（sewed，sewn）缝，做针线活；缝上 15.　 　 n.荣幸；特殊利益 vt.给予特权，特别优待 16.　 　 n.最后期限，截止日期 17.　 　 n.美德；正直的品性；优点 18.　 　 adj.有机的，统一的；绿色的，不使用化肥的；生物的 19.　 　 n.垃圾；废话 20.　 　 n.节省物，节省；储蓄金 21.　 　 n.意外收获；奖金，红利 22.　 　 n.收成，收获量；收获季节，收割vt.& vi.收割，捕猎 阅读词汇 1.cigar n.　 　 2.keen adj.　 　 3.eyebrow n.　 　 4.scarfpin n.　 　 5.collar n.　 　 6.geophysicist n.　 　 7.core adj.　 　n.　 　 8.ward n.　 　 9.substantial adj.　 　 10.embrace vt.& vi.　 11.phase n.　 　 12.anchor n.　 　 vi.& vt.　 　 13.likewise adv.　 　 14.integrity n.　 　 15.starfish n.　 　 16.jade n.　 　 17.rejoice vi.& vt.　 　 18.quote n.　 　vt.& vi.　 　 短语 1.tear down　　拆毁，拆除 2.make one’s fortune　　发财 3.lose contact　　失去联系 4.arm in arm　　臂挽着臂 5.at the mercy of sb/sth　　任……处置；对……无能为力 6.weigh on sb/sth　　使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 7.on the beat　　在巡逻中 8.turn up　　出现，到场；卷起；调大 9.pull out　　离开，撤离；拔出 10.to one’s disappointment　　令某人感到失望的是 11.make a difference　　有影响，有关系 12.in store　　贮藏着；等待着；将要发生 13.light one’s cigar　　点燃雪茄 14.pull out a handsome watch　　掏出一块漂亮的手表 15.keep an appointment with the friend of his youth　　和他年轻时的朋友约会 16.outline the history of one’s career　　概述某人的职业生涯 17.release one’s arm　　松开某人的胳膊 18.change the shape of a man’s nose　　改变一个人鼻子的形状 19.be at the appointed place on time 　　按时到了约定地点 20.embrace the next phase of one’s life　　拥抱某人人生的下一个阶段 21.support your future development　　支持你们未来的发展 22.present one’s thoughts　　表达某人的想法 23.meet deadlines for your schoolwork　在最后期限前完成你的学业 24.go far beyond one’s studies　　远远超过学习 25.take your first step into the adult world　　迈出你进入成人世界的第一步 句型 1.句式：介词短语位于句首引起的完全倒装 原句：In the doorway of a store stood a man， with an unlit cigar in his mouth. 一个男人站在一家店门口，嘴里叼着一支未点燃的雪茄。 2.句式：where引导定语从句 原句：As you go through your daily life， you will encounter many difficult situations where things may go wrong. 在你的日常生活中，你会遇到很多事情出现各种问题的困难状况。 3.句式：“疑问词＋-ever”引导宾语从句； however引导让步状语从句 原句：Always give your best in whatever you set out to do， however difficult that might be. 总是尽你最大努力去做自己打算要做的事情，无论它有多困难。 4.句式：祈使句＋and＋陈述句 原句：Sow the seeds of success today and your harvest will be great tomorrow. 今天播下成功的种子，明天你将会拥有丰厚的收获。 语法 状语从句 知识点01 重点词汇、短语 1．appointment n．约定，约会；任命，委任；职务　appoint vt.任命，委派；约定，确定(时间、地点)　　　　 (1)have an appointment with sb. 与某人有约会 have/make an appointment to do... 约时间做…… keep an appointment 准时赴约 break an appointment 违约 a permanent appointment 固定职位 first appointment 第一次任职 (2)appoint sb.(as/to be)＋职务 任命某人担任某职务 appoint sb. to do sth. 委派某人做某事 appoint sth. (date, time, place...)for... 为……确定某事(日期、时间、地点……) (3)at the appointed time 在指定时间 at the appointed place 在指定地点 ◎单句语法填空 ①I have an appointment ________ Dr. Smith, but I need to change it. ②The man rang Mary up to make an ________ (appoint) with the doctor. ③The professor told him excitedly that he ________ (appoint) as the assistant professor. ④I'd like to make an appointment ________ next Wednesday afternoon. ⑤I have an appointment ________ (see) my lawyer next Saturday. ⑥Ten minutes before the ________ (appoint) time, he sat nervously outside her office. 2.reliable adj.可信赖的，可依靠的；真实可信的，可靠的　rely v．信赖，依靠　 (1)a reliable friend 可信赖的朋友 need a reliable method 需要一个可靠的办法 information coming from a reliable source 来源可靠的消息 (2)rely on＝depend on＝rely upon 依靠；依赖；信任，信赖 rely on it that...＝depend on it that... 相信…… rely on sb./sth. to do sth. 依靠/信赖某人/某物做某事 rely on sb./sth. for sth. 依靠某人/某物提供某物 rely on sb./sth. doing sth. 依靠某人/某物做某事 ◎单句语法填空 ①If my car had been more ________ (rely), I would have driven to Lhasa instead of flying last summer. ②Though he has shortcomings, he is a person ________ (rely) on. ③You can rely/depend on it ________ Peter would like to accept the suggestion. ④It's not wise always to rely ________ others' help. ⑤We should rely on ________ that everything will go well. 3.worthwhile adj.值得花时间(或花钱、努力等)，重要的，令人愉快的 值……，值……钱，值得做…… (1)be worth＋n. be worth doing(用主动形式表被动含义；worth前常用well修饰，表示“很值得”。) (2)be worthy of＋n. be worthy of being done be worthy to be done It is worthwhile to do sth. It is worthwhile doing sth. 这件事值得考虑。 The matter is worth consideration/considering. ＝The matter is worthy of consideration/of being considered/to be considered. ＝It is worthwhile to consider the matter. ＝It is worthwhile considering the matter. ◎单句语法填空 ①In my opinion, the book Who Moved My Cheese is well worth ________ (read) a second time. ②The novel is worthy ________ (read) a second time. ③It might be worthwhile ________ (consider) your attitude to an insurance policy. 4．suspect vt. & vi.疑有，觉得　n．嫌疑犯，可疑对象　　 (1)suspect that... 怀疑/认为……(尤指坏事可能属实或发生) suspect sb. to be... 怀疑某人是…… suspect sb. of (doing) sth. 怀疑某人(做过)某事 suspect sb. of telling lies 怀疑某人撒谎 (2)a murder suspect 杀人嫌疑犯 the main/prime suspect 首要嫌疑人 ◎单句语法填空 ①It seemed that the girl suspected me ________ stealing her necklace. ②The man, ________ (suspect) of stealing the jewels from the shop, was missing last night. ③The police suspected ________ she had some connection with the robbery. ④He ________ (suspect) of carrying drugs, so his bag was searched by the police. 5．legal adj.合法的；法律的　illegal adj.不合法的；非法的；违法的　legally adv.合法地；法律上　illegally adv.非法地 (1)the legal system 法律体系 take legal advice 听取法律方面的建议 reach the legal age for drinking 到喝酒的法定年龄 legal fees 律师费用 a legal adviser 法律顾问 (2)It is illegal (for sb.) to do sth.(对某人来说)做某事是非法的。 illegal immigrants 非法移民 illegal drugs 违禁药品，毒品 illegal activities 非法活动 an illegal act 违法行为 illegal parking 违章停车 an illegally parked car 违章停放的汽车 ◎单句语法填空 ①It is ________ (legal) to drive after drinking alcohol. ②Parking lot owners should be ________ (legal) responsible for protecting vehicles. 6．resign vt. & vi.辞职，辞去　resignation n．辞职；辞职信，辞呈　　　　　 (1)resign from＋工作单位(company，committee，factory，etc.) 从……辞职 resign as＋身份名词(manager，chairman，etc.) 辞去……职务 resign one's position/post/seat 辞去某人的职务 resign oneself to 顺从；听任 resign herself to her fate 她听天由命 (2)hand in your resignation 上交辞职信 a letter of resignation 辞职信 ◎单句语法填空 ①Mr Smith resigned ________ headmaster last month. ②As he has no opportunity to achieve his ambition, he intends to resign ________ the company. ③He ________ (resign) his post because he had been offered a better job. ④The ________ (resign) came as a complete surprise. 7．ashamed adj.惭愧的，羞愧，尴尬　shame n．羞耻；羞愧；耻辱，丢脸；令人惋惜的事，让人遗憾的事 (1)be ashamed of oneself 为自己感到羞愧 be ashamed that... 对……感到惭愧 be ashamed to do sth. 做某事而感到惭愧 (2)It is a shame that... 真遗憾…… to one's shame 令某人感到羞耻的是 What a shame! 多可惜！/真遗憾！ ◎单句语法填空 ①I think you should be ashamed ________ your rudeness. ②I am ashamed ________ (admit) that I've never read any of his books. ③The boy was ________ (shame) to tell his mother that he had failed. ④You should be ________ (shame) of your ________ (shame) behaviour at the opening ceremony. 8.forgive vt. & vi. (forgave, forgiven)原谅，宽恕；免除(债务)　　 (1)forgive sb. sth. 宽恕某人某事 forgive sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事 forgive and forget 不念旧恶，不记仇 Please forgive me... 请原谅我…… (2)excuse sb. for (doing) sth. 原谅某人(做)某事 thank sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而感谢某人 praise sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而表扬某人 punish sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而惩罚某人 scold sb. for (doing) sth. 因为(做)某事而责备某人 ◎单句语法填空 ①I will never forgive him ________ what he said last night. ②Expecting to ________ (forgive) is like asking someone to say thank you for the gift. ③It is obvious that he ________ (forgive) her for telling lies. ④You could be forgiven ________ thinking football is a religion here. 9．disappointed adj.失望的，沮丧的　　　 (1)be disappointed at/with/about/in 对……感到失望 be disappointed to do sth. 因做某事而感到失望 be disappointed that... 因……而感到失望 bitterly/deeply/terribly disappointed 极为失望 (2)a disappointing result/performance 令人失望的结果/演出 (3)to one's disappointment 令某人失望的是 in disappointment 失望地 ◎单句语法填空 ①She was disappointed ________ (learn) that she had failed the test at her first attempt. ②She was ________ (disappoint) that he never replied to her letter. ③When hearing the ________ (disappoint) news that he was banned from driving, the old man was very ________ (disappoint)． ④Much to his ________ (disappoint), his son is addicted to smoking. 10.phase n．阶段，时期 in phases 分阶段 a new phase 新阶段 an opening phase 开始阶段 the design phase 设计阶段 the initial/final phase of the project 工程的初始/最后阶段 a critical/decisive phase 关键性/决定性阶段 during the first/next/last phase 在第一/下一/最后阶段 pass through three phases 经过三个阶段 begin/enter/go through a phase 开始/进入/经历一个阶段 ◎单句语法填空 ①The work will be carried out ________ phases. ②The project will enter a ________ (two) phase at the beginning of 2030. ③She is going ________ a difficult phase. 11．mercy n．仁慈，宽恕；幸运 at the mercy of sb./sth. 任……处置，对……无能为力 show mercy to sb. 对某人仁慈 have mercy on sb. 怜悯某人 ask/beg for mercy 请求/乞求宽恕 without mercy 毫不留情地，残忍地 It's a mercy (that)．.. 幸运的是…… ◎单句语法填空 ①The fishermen got lost when fishing, so they were now ________ the mercy of the wind. ②The judge had no mercy ________ the drunk driver. ＝The judge showed no mercy ________ the drunk driver. ③The woman was so foolish that she was completely ________ the mercy of him. ◎完成句子 ④曾有一段时间，一些濒危物种遭到残忍捕杀。 There was a time when some endangered animals were killed ________________. 12．guidance n．指导；导航　　　　　 (1)under one's guidance ＝under the guidance of sb. 在某人的指导下 under one's expert guidance 在某人的专业指导下 guidance on/about... 关于……的指导 career guidance 职业指导 (2)guide sb. to/through/around... 带某人到/穿过/参观…… a tour guide 导游 a guide to family health 家庭健康指南 misguide sb. 误导某人 ◎单句语法填空 ①The guide guided us ________ the gallery, pointing out the most famous painting in the collection. ②________ (guide) by the Party, we are marching from one victory to another. ③She received very little career ________ (guide) when young. ④For just a small donation you can take a tour ________ our garden guide. ⑤However, they have real impacts, as they result in ________ (misguide) use of scarce resources. 13.quote n．引语　vt. & vi.引用，引述；举例说明 quote me an instance 给我举个例子 quote Shakespeare 引用莎士比亚的话 a dictionary of quotations 引语词典 quote (...unquote) (用于引文的开始和结尾)引文起(……引文止) a quote from sb. 引自某人的一句话 quote from 引用自…… ◎单句语法填空 ①The president ________ (quote) in the press as saying that he disagreed with the decision. ②In my composition, there is a quote ________ the minister's speech. ③I still love to record ideas and ________ (quote) that strike me in books 14．tear down拆毁，拆除　tear( tore, torn) v．扯破；撕破；扯掉；撕掉 Years later, we decided to tear down our ugly house and build a beautiful one with a garden. 几年后，我们决定拆掉我们那座难看的房子，建一座带花园的漂亮房子。 tear up 撕碎；拔起 tear down a notice 撕下布告 tear into tiny pieces 撕得粉碎 tear off clothes 扯掉衣服 tear the letter into/to pieces 把信撕成碎片 ◎单句语法填空 ①There are several main reasons why old buildings should be torn ________ and replaced by new ones. ②So far it ________ (tear) down to make room for a new restaurant. 15. lose contact失去联系　contact n．联系；联络；接触　vt.联系　　　 (1)lose contact with 与……失去联系 make contact with sb./get in contact with sb. 与某人取得联系 bring sb.in contact with... 让某人接触…… establish contact with sb. 与某人建立联系 be in contact with sb. 与某人联系 be out of contact with sb. 与某人失去联系 stay/keep in contact with sb. 与某人保持联系 physical/eye contact 身体/目光接触 (2)contact sb.immediately/directly 立即/直接与某人联系 contact sb. by email/telephone 通过电子邮件/电话与某人联系 ◎单句语法填空 ①Modern science makes it possible for us to be in contact ________ each other much more easily. ②It's unusual for a grouse to have any contact ________ people. ③Modern science makes it possible for us to keep ________ contact with each other easily. ④Taking on this challenge will bring you ________ contact with someone who shares your interests. ⑤There was no signal in that faraway village and I lost contact ________ my friends. 16．arm in arm臂挽着臂(在句中作状语) We went skipping down the street arm in arm. 我们臂挽着臂蹦蹦跳跳地沿大街走着。 (1)常用的结构类似的短语： back to back 背靠背地 shoulder to shoulder 肩并肩地 side by side 并排地 step by step 逐步地 hand in hand 手拉手地 year after year 年年，每年 day after day 日复一日 head to head 正面交锋地 heart to heart 谈心；交心 face to face 面对面地 little by little 逐渐地 (2)“名词-介词-名词”是形容词，作前置定语。 face-to-face 面对面的 back-to-back 一个接一个的；连续发生的 heart-to-heart 敞开心扉的 head-to-head 正面交锋的；面对面的 ◎单句语法填空 ①Technology and business strategies go hand ________ hand. ②Year ________ year I have a birthday present from my parents. ③This cycle goes day ________ day: The walls warm up during the day and cool off during the night... ④With this technology, many people are losing the opportunity to greet friends face ________ face. ⑤That night, the two of them sat side ________ side at the piano. They played jazz music to celebrate their new home. 17．weigh on sb./sth.使焦虑不安，加重……的思想负担 Don't let it weigh on your mind.你不要因此背包袱。 A heavy decision weighed on my shoulders.我肩负着一个重大决定。 (1)weigh up 仔细考虑，权衡 weigh down 使烦恼；使焦虑；使忧心忡忡 weigh in (在讨论、辩论等中)发表有分量的意见，发挥作用　　　　 weigh out 称出(一定重量的东西) (2)put on/gain weight 体重增加 watch one's weight 控制体重 by weight 按重量 in weight 在重量上 ◎单句语法填空 ①I ________ (weigh) 245 pounds last year and was out of shape. ②The boy appeared anxious, had lost ________ (weigh) and was not sleeping well. ③The responsibilities of supporting his big family weigh ________ him heavily. ④Generally speaking, fruit and vegetables are sold ________ weight. 18．in store (for sb.)即将发生(在某人身上)；等待着(某人) We don't know what life holds in store for us.我们不知道等待我们的将是什么样的生活。 in＋名词 in tears 流泪，泪流满面 in excitement 兴奋地 in advance 提前 in public 公开地 in person 亲身，亲自 in detail 详细地 in large numbers 大量地，大规模地 in return 作为回报 ◎单句语法填空 ①There's trouble ________ store for her. ②None of us knows what lies in store ________ us tomorrow. ③My furniture was ________ store while I was abroad. ④She left the room ________ tears so I went after her. ⑤We offer an excellent education to our students. ________ return, we expect students to work hard. 19．contribute to有助于；捐献；导致　contribution n．贡献；捐献；稿件 (1)contribute...to... 为……贡献/捐献…… contribute money to the flood-stricken area向洪水灾区捐款 contribute time to the activity把时间花在这项活动上 contribute articles to the magazine给这家杂志撰稿 (2)make a contribution/contributions to为……做出贡献；向……捐款 make a contribution to society为社会做贡献 make a contribution to charity给慈善事业捐款 ◎单句语法填空 ①3D food printing could probably contribute ________ the solution. ②He contributed his manuscript ________ the publisher. ③As the youth of the new era, we should contribute our strength ________ the construction of our motherland. ④Who made a great ________ (contribute) to the civil-rights movement in the U．S.? ⑤No doubt the theater has contributed ________ the area's development and economic growth. 知识点02 重点句型 1．完全倒装 常见的完全倒装的情况： (1)表地点的介词短语置于句首强调地点概念，谓语动词为be，stand，lie，hang，come，walk，sit等不及物动词，且句子的主语是名词时。 In the distance lies a car.远处有一辆小汽车。 Inside the parcel was a letter.包裹内有一封信。 On the wall hang two large paintings of the artist.墙上挂着这位艺术家的两幅巨幅油画。 In the front of the lecture hall sits a professor.演讲厅的前面坐着一位教授。 (2)there be句型。其中be可以换为exist，lie，live，stand，remain等动词。 Since you have repaired my phone, there is no need for me to buy a new one. 既然你把我的手机修好了，我就不需要再买新的了。 There stands a temple on the top of the mountain.山顶上有座庙。 There appeared a rainbow in the sky shortly after it stopped raining.雨停后不久，天空出现了一道彩虹。 (3)副词here，there，now，then等置于句首，谓语动词是be，come，go等，且句子的主语是名词时。Here is your letter.你的信在这儿。 There goes the bell.铃响了。 Now comes your turn.现在轮到你了。 Then came the chairman.那时主席来了。 (4)表示运动方向的副词in，out，up，down，away，off，back，over等置于句首，谓语动词是come，go，follow，rush，run，fly等表示运动的不及物动词，且句子的主语是名词时。 Out rushed a boy and a dog.一个男孩和一只狗冲了出来。 In came the headteacher, with a book in his hand.校长进来了，手里拿着一本书。 Up went the arrow into the air.箭直射向空中。 Away flew the swallow.燕子飞走了。 [基础练习]单句语法填空 ①The door opened, and in ________ (come) some pupils with flowers in their hands for the teacher. ②We have to stop talking here outside. Listen! There ________ (go) the bell! ③The child tiptoed (踮着脚走 ) quietly to the bird. Away it ________ (fly) into the forest when he was about to catch it. ④We have been keeping guard for four hours and now ________ (come) your turn. [能力提升]单句写作 ⑤在桌子上有一条金项链。 ________________________________________________________________________ ⑥学校后边有条河。 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ 2.no matter what...无论什么…… [教材原句]Well, we agreed that night that we would meet here again exactly twenty years from that date and time, no matter what our conditions might be or from what distance we might have to come.反正，那天晚上我们约定从那时那刻的二十年后再在这里见面，不管日后各自的情况如何，也不管我们得从多远的地方赶来。 [句式分析](1)句中的no matter what引导的是让步状语从句，相当于whatever。 (2)①引导让步状语从句的词还有： no matter where＝wherever不管什么地方 no matter which＝whichever不管哪一个 No matter where/Wherever you are, you must obey the laws.不管你在哪里，你必须遵守法律。 No matter what/Whatever I say, she won't listen.不管我说什么，她都不听。 No matter who/Whoever you are, you should respect others.不管你是谁，你都应该尊重他人。 ②whatever，whichever和whoever也可引导名词性从句。 Whoever comes first will be given a prize.谁先来，谁就得奖。 Whatever you did was right.你做的任何事都是对的。 [基础练习]完成句子 ①I tend to consult consumption ratings ________________________ (无论买什么东西)． ②Next time you take a walk, ________________________ (不管在哪里), take in all the sights, sounds and sensations. ③Nationalities may influence personalities, but at the end of the day, people are themselves, ______________________ (不管他们来自哪里)． ④__________________________________ (不管广告有多么好), you must be careful. ⑤________________________ (不管什么时候需要帮助), you can turn to me. 3.be doing...when...正在做……，这时/突然…… [教材原句]I was passing Anne's bedroom when I heard her talking on the phone. 我经过安妮的卧室时，听到她在打电话。 [句式分析]be doing...when...是固定句式，表示在做某事的同时，突然发生另外一件事。主句的时态多为过去时。 be on the point of doing...when...正要做……这时/突然…… be about to do...when...正要做……这时/突然…… had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时/突然…… I was on the point of going out when the phone rang.我当时正要出去，突然电话铃响了。 I was about to go to bed when my mom asked me to clean the floor. 我当时正要上床睡觉，这时妈妈让我扫地。 We had just arrived at the airport when the plane took off.我们刚到机场，这时飞机起飞了。 [基础练习]单句语法填空 ①I ________ (drive) down to London when I suddenly found that I was on the wrong road. ②Jack was working in the lab ________ the power cut occurred. ③I was about to give up ________ my father came and encouraged me to keep going. ④In 2012, I had just recovered from a serious illness ________ I received an invitation to a writer's conference in Orlando, Florida. 一．语法精讲——状语从句 状语从句（讲义） （一）时间状语从句 课堂导入： One Saturday morning，when I was listening to my favorite songs①，my mother asked me to do my homework first.However，as soon as she left②，I turned on my MP3 again.I didn’t start to do my homework until I heard somebody opening the door.③Hardly had I taken out my pen when my mother came back.④ My mum said angrily，“Every time I go out⑤，you will do other things instead of doing your homework.It has been two hours since I left⑥.How much homework had you finished by the time I entered the room⑦？ You began to do other things the moment I stepped out of the room⑧，didn’t you？” It was half an hour before she stopped scolding me⑨.I hope I will get rid of the bad habits as time goes by⑩.I promise I will not do the same thing when she goes out next time①. [规则感悟]　①when当……时候 ②as soon as 一……就…… ③not...until...直到……才…… ④一……就…… ⑤every time后面直接跟句子，相同用法的还有the first time，next time等 ⑥since 自从……起，主句用现在完成时 ⑦by the time 到……时候为止，主句常常与完成时连用 ⑧the moment 后面直接跟句子，意为“一……就……”，相同用法的还有the minute，the instant，directly，immediately，instantly ⑨before到……为止，在……之前 ⑩as随着 1．“by＋过去的时间”引导的时间状语从句：主句用过去完成时，从句用一般过去时；主句用将来完成时，从句用一般现在时或现在完成时。 I had remembered about 2,000 words by the time I graduated from junior high school. 到初中毕业为止，我已经记了大约两千个单词了。 By the time you come back，we will have finished the job.到你回来的时候，我们将已经完成了这项工作。 2．before的特殊用法。 (1)It will be＋时间段＋before从句(一般现在时) It will be four hours before his flight arrives. 要过四个小时之后，他的航班才会抵达。 (2)It＋was＋时间段＋before从句(一般过去时) It was ten years before the couple met again. 十年之后，这对夫妇才再次相见。 3．since引导时间状语从句，表示“自从……以来”，常用结构为“It is/has been＋一段时间＋since...”(从句用一般过去时)。 It is four years since the war broke out. 自战争爆发以来已有四年了。 4．till/until的用法。 till/until用于肯定句，表示“直到……为止”，其主句谓语动词必须为延续性动词；not...until/till...表示“直到……才……”，not所在的主句的谓语动词必须为非延续性动词。until 可用于句首，而till 不能用于句首。 If you don’t understand something，you may research，study，and talk to other people until you figure it out. 如果你有不懂的东西，你可以研究、学习以及和其他人进行交谈，直到你把它弄明白。 She didn’t start the lesson until the pupils settled down. 直到学生们安静下来后，她才开始上课。 5．表示“一……就……”的连词(短语)。 (1)as soon as，the moment，the minute，the instant，immediately，directly，instantly等。 The moment my aunt gained her diploma after four years of hard work，she was filled with joy. 我姑姑苦读四年之后获得了文凭，那一刻她欣喜万分。 (2)在hardly...when...，no sooner...than...结构中，主句用过去完成时，when或than所在的从句用一般过去时。 I had hardly got to the office when my wife phoned me to go back home at once. 我一到办公室，妻子就打电话让我马上回家。 （二）其他状语从句 课前导入： I failed to pass the exam yesterday because I was careless①.I was so sad that tears came out of my eyes.② My teacher noticed this and called me to her office.“Though you’re clever③，you didn’t perform as well as your deskmate did this time④.Why? He will make a mark where he makes a mistake⑤ and figure it out in his notebook.If you correct your mistakes⑥ as he does⑦ after the exam，you will make great progress next time.” I must learn from my deskmate so that I can pass the exam next time.⑧ [规则感悟]　①为原因状语从句 ②为结果状语从句 ③为让步状语从句 ④为比较状语从句 ⑤为地点状语从句 ⑥为条件状语从句 ⑦为方式状语从句 ⑧为目的状语从句 1．让步状语从句 (1)although引导让步状语从句时，只能用正常语序；though引导让步状语从句时，可用正常语序，也可用倒装语序；as引导让步状语从句时只能用倒装语序，即将从句中的表语、状语或动词原形置于句首，若表语是单数名词，前置时要省略冠词。 Although/Though he may be troubled，he always presents a calm smiling face. 尽管他可能会遇到麻烦，但他总是露出平静的笑脸。 Child as/though he is，he has helped me a lot. 尽管他是个孩子，他却帮了我很多忙。 (2)although与though都可以与yet，still，nevertheless连用，但不能和but连用。 Although/Though it was raining hard，yet they went on playing football. 虽然雨下得很大，但他们还是继续踢足球。 (3)while引导让步状语从句时，一般置于句首。 While I admit that there are problems，I don’t agree that they cannot be solved. 尽管我承认有问题存在，但我不同意这些问题不能解决。 (4)no matter who(what，when，which，how等)引导让步状语从句时，相当于“who(what，when，which，how等)＋-ever”，表示“无论何人(什么，何时，哪个/些，怎样等)”。 He keeps taking exercise no matter how cold it is.不管天气有多冷，他都坚持锻炼。 Whatever work we do，we should do our best. 不管做什么工作，我们都应尽全力。 (5)whether...or...引导让步状语从句时，意为“不管……，还是……”。 Whether he comes here or we go there，the topic of the discussion will remain unchanged. 不管他来这儿还是我们去那儿，讨论的话题都会保持不变。 (6)even if/though引导的让步状语从句 even if/though引导让步状语从句时，表示语气更强的让步，意为“即使，即便”。 Tim is in good shape physically even though/if he doesn’t get much exercise. 即使蒂姆不怎么锻炼，他的身体状况也很好。 2．目的状语从句 (1)in order that与so that引导的目的状语从句 in order that比so that正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后；而so that引导的从句只能置于主句之后。 Speak louder so that/in order that the people in the hall can all hear you. 大点声讲，以便大厅里的人都能听见。 In order that we get there on time，we should set out early. 为了准时赶到那里，我们应该早点出发。 (2)for fear that与in case引导的目的状语从句 for fear that表示“唯恐；生怕”；in case表示“以免，以防”。 Leave your key with your neighbor in case you lock yourself out one day.留一把钥匙给你的邻居，以防哪天你把自己锁在门外。 3．结果状语从句 (1)so＋＋that从句 He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family. 他挣如此少的钱，以至于养不起家。 (2)such＋＋that从句 He is such a learned person that we all admire him very much.＝He is so learned a person that we all admire him very much. 他是如此知识渊博的一个人，以至于我们都非常欣赏他。 注意：当“so＋adj./adv.”或“such＋n.”置于句首时，主句要部分倒装。 So anxious am I that I can’t sleep until deep into the night. 我是如此焦虑以至于直到深夜我才能睡着。 (3)so that也可以引导结果状语从句，从句中往往没有情态动词，而且主从句之间常用逗号隔开。 He didn’t obey the contract，so that he was fined.他没有遵守合约，因此他被罚了款。 4．条件状语从句 if，unless，so/as long as，in case，on condition that，supposing/suppose (that)等都可以引导条件状语从句。条件状语从句要注意“主将从现”的用法。 unless意义上等于if not，在应用时如果不把握可以用if not 替换一下，讲得通的话，才能使用unless。 You’ll fail the exam unless you study hard. 除非你努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。 5．地点状语从句 where意为“在某个地方”；wherever意为“无论在哪里”。 You can sit wherever you like. 你喜欢坐哪儿都可以。 6．原因状语从句 because意为“因为”，语气强烈，表示事情发生的直接原因，常用来回答why的提问；since意为“既然，由于”，语气较弱，通常置于句首，表示说话双方都知道的原因；as表示双方已知的事实或显而易见的原因，含义与since相同，但语气更弱；now that意为“既然，由于”，用已成事实的原因作为前提。 Now that you’ve grown up，you must learn to stand on your own feet. 你既然已经长大成人，就得学会独立生活。 状语从句易错题分析 误判并列句和状语从句 1. The GPNP is designed to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, preserving ecological buffer zones, ________ leaving behind precious natural assets (资产) for future generations”. 2. Guide dogs offer social, physical and mental benefits for some people who are blind， training them is an expensive and long process.  状语从句的省略 1. Though ________(defeat) , he still felt sad. 2. When ________ (compare) different cultures, we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities. 典例分析 1. Wang saw the lively scene ________ she was traveling in Aksu. 2. The power rationing in Jiangsu also forced factories in the key manufacturing(制造业） industry to cut or even stop their operations________ the end of the month. 3．I always tell them when I’m going out clubbing ________ they know what I’m doing, they’re fine with it. 4．Do foreigners not understand British humor or are the British just not so funny ________ they think they are? 5．Much ________ I like this book, I like others much better. 6．______ the truth, Franklin did make contributions to the study of electricity. 7．________ a significant number of jaguars survive here, they are only one element of this forest’s food chain. 8．He didn’t formally retire ______ last December. Then he flew to Italy to visit his daughter. 高考模拟试题 一、单项选择 1.（2024·山东·一模）—She is highly skilled at dealing with difficulties. —__________ she’s had special training, see? A．Because B．Because of C．As if D．As long as 2.（2024·天津·三模）_______ you form the habit of taking regular exercise and stick to it, you will be much healthier. A．As long as B．In case C．As if D．Even if 3.（2024·广东广州·二模）______hard you try, it is difficult to lose weight without cutting down the amount you eat. A．Whatever B．Whichever C．However D．Whenever 4.（2024·上海·二模）________ in the past, at the moment it is a favorite choice for wedding gown. A．Unpopular as has white been B．As unpopular white has been C．As white has been unpopular D．Unpopular as white has been 5．（2024·天津和平·二模）You can learn enough first aid knowledge in a few minutes—________ it’s from reading a book, attending a course or watching videos online. A．when B．as C．whether D．once 6．（2024·重庆一模）________ my head had cleared, my brain was beginning to function much better. A．Now that B．Although C．Due to D．Despite 7．（2024·湖南·三模）_____ the Internet is of great help. I don’t think it’s a good idea to spend too much time on it. A．If B．While C．Because D．As 8．（2024·北京石景山·一模）She was such a proud person that she would die she would admit she was wrong. A．since B．when C．unless D．before 9．（2024浙江·三模）　　　　 online shopping has changed our life, not all of its effects have been positive. A．Since B．After C．While D．Unless 10．（2024高三·天津·三模）______ more and more people may turn to the Internet for the latest news, it is unlikely that the newspaper will disappear． A．When B．Because C．Since D．While 原创精品资源学科网独家享有版权，侵权必究！15 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 学科网（北京）股份有限公司 $$