内容正文:
Unit 1 Home 语法 基数词和序数词精讲精练
译林版(2024) 七年级下册
一、基数词
1.定义
基数词是用于表示数量多少的词,在日常生活中用于计数、描述数量等场景。比如描述人数、物品个数、年龄等。
2.基本基数词的构成
(1)1 - 12:这 12 个基数词是独立的单词,需要逐个记忆,它们分别是 one(1)、two(2)、three(3)、four(4)、five(5)、six(6)、seven(7)、eight(8)、nine(9)、ten(10)、eleven(11)、twelve(12)。
(2)13 - 19:一般是在个位数后加 -teen 构成,但其中 thirteen、fifteen、eighteen 的拼写需要特别注意。例如:fourteen(14)、sixteen(16)、seventeen(17)、nineteen(19)。
(3)20 - 90:以 -ty 结尾,其中 twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、eighty 的拼写需单独记忆。像 sixty(60)、seventy(70)、ninety(90)。
(4)21 - 99:由 “整十数 + 连字符 + 个位数” 组成。比如 34 是 thirty - four,78 是 seventy - eight。
(5)100 及以上:先说 “几百” 用 hundred,然后加 and 连接末两位数或末位数。例如 102 是 one hundred and two,356 是 three hundred and fifty - six。如果是更大的数字,依次类推,如 1,000 是 one thousand,1,234 是 one thousand two hundred and thirty - four ;1,000,000 是 one million ;1,000,000,000 是 one billion。
3.基数词的用法
(1)表示数量:直接用于描述事物的数量。例如:There are five apples on the table.(桌子上有五个苹果。)
(2)表示年龄:用 “基数词 + years old”,也可以直接用基数词。例如:He is ten years old. 或 He is ten.(他十岁了。)
(3)表示编号:“名词 + 基数词”,如 Room 203(203 房间),Bus No. 5(5 路公交车)。
(4)表示时间:整点用 “基数词 + o'clock”,如 8 o'clock(八点);表示时刻时,如 9:10 可以表达为 nine ten。
(5)表示日期中的日:如 May 1st(五月一日),虽然这里 1st 是序数词形式,但在口语中有时也会直接用基数词,如 May one。
二、序数词
1.定义
序数词用于表示事物的顺序、排名、等级等,通常在描述顺序、日期等场景中使用。
2.序数词的构成
(1)第一至第三:分别是 first(第一)、second(第二)、third(第三),它们的拼写与基数词差异较大,需牢记。
(2)第四至第十九:一般在基数词后加 -th,但 fifth(第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)、twelfth(第十二)拼写有变化。例如:fourth(第四)、sixth(第六)、seventh(第七)、thirteenth(第十三)等。
(3)整十数:把 y 变为 i 再加 -eth。例如:twentieth(第二十)、thirtieth(第三十)、fortieth(第四十)等。
(4)21 以上的复合序数词:仅最后一个词用序数词形式。例如:twenty - first(第二十一)、thirty - second(第三十二)、one hundred and first(第一百零一)。
3.序数词的缩写
序数词的缩写通常是由阿拉伯数字加上该序数词的最后两个字母构成。例如:1st(第一)、2nd(第二)、3rd(第三)、4th(第四)、21st(第二十一)等。
4.序数词的用法
(1)表示顺序:用于描述事物的先后顺序。例如:He is the first student to arrive at school.(他是第一个到达学校的学生。)
(2)表示日期:在日期表达中,“日” 要用序数词。例如:October 1st is National Day.(十月一日是国庆节。)
(3)表示楼层:用序数词,如 I live on the fifth floor.(我住在五楼。)
三、基数词和序数词的其他用法及注意事项
1.数词的复数形式
(1)表示年代:用 “in + the + 年份复数”,例如 in the 1980s(在 20 世纪 80 年代)。
(2)表示年龄范围:用 “in one’s + 整十数复数”,例如 in his twenties(在他二十多岁时)。
2.分数表达
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时,分母用复数形式。例如:1/3 是 one third;2/5 是 two fifths;1/2 可以表达为 one second 或 a half ;3/4 可以表达为 three fourths 或 three quarters。
3.百分数表达
用 “基数词 + percent”,例如 50% 是 fifty percent。
4.倍数表达
(1)“倍数 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as”,例如 This room is three times as big as that one.(这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。)
(2)“倍数 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than”,例如 This river is twice longer than that one.(这条河比那条河长两倍。)
5.基数词和序数词前的冠词使用
(1)序数词前一般加定冠词 the,表示 “第几”。例如:He is the second child in his family.(他是他家第二个孩子。)
(2)当序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时,不用 the。例如:This is my first time to visit Beijing.(这是我第一次参观北京。)
(3)序数词前加不定冠词 a/an 时,表示 “又一,再一”。例如:He failed the exam twice, but he still wants to have a third try.(他考试失败了两次,但他仍然想再试一次。)
一、单项选择
1. There are ______ months in a year. December is the ______ month.( )
A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelfth C. twelve; twelfth D. twelfth; twelve
2. My sister is ______ years old. Today is her ______ birthday.( )
A. five; five B. fifth; five C. five; fifth D. fifth; fifth
3. What’s nine and seven?
It’s ______.( )
A. sixteen B. seventeen C. eighteen D. nineteen
4. We live on the ______ floor.( )
A. two B. second C. twoth D. twice
5. There are about two ______ students in our school.( )
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of D. thousand of
6. How do you say “4:15” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. a quarter past four B. a quarter to four C. four fifteen D. A and C
7. My birthday is on August ______.( )
A. 22th B. 22st C. 22nd D. 22rd
8. There are ______ days in a week and ______ is the first day of a week.( )
A. seven; Monday B. seven; Sunday C. sixth; Monday D. sixth; Sunday
9. The ______ lesson is very easy.( )
A. five B. fifth C. fiveth D. fifteen
10. Which class are you in?
I’m in ______.( )
A. class two grade seven B. Class Two Grade Seven C. Grade Seven Class Two D. class Two grade Seven
11. My sister is only ______. Today is her ______ birthday.( )
A. three; three B. third; three C. three; third D. third; third
12. When is your mother’s birthday?
It’s on ______.( )
A. the May 3rd B. May 3th C. May 3rd D. May the 3th
13. There are ______ people in the supermarket. It’s so crowded.( )
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of
14. How old is your grandpa?
He is ______.( )
A. seventy - five B. seventy and five C. seventieth - five D. seventieth and five
15. What time is it now?
It’s ______.( )
A. half past six B. six half C. thirty six D. six past thirty
16. My father is in his ______ this year.( )
A. forty B. forties C. fortys D. fourtieth
17. How many teachers are there in your school?
About two ______.( )
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of
18. Is your sister in the ______ grade?
Yes, she is. She’s in Class ______.( )
A. seven; Three B. seventh; Three C. seven; Third D. seventh; Third
19. The library is on the ______ floor.( )
A. three B. third C. threeth D. thirds
20. There are ______ seasons in a year. ______ is the third season.( )
A. four; Autumn B. four; Spring C. fourth; Autumn D. fourth; Spring
21. What’s two and three?
It’s ______.( )
A. four B. five C. six D. seven
22. How do you say “9:30” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. half past nine B. nine half C. thirty past nine D. nine thirty past
23. What’s your phone number?
It’s ______.( )
A. 888 - 1122 B. eight eight eight one one two two C. 8881122th D. the 8881122
24. When is Teachers’ Day?
It’s on ______.( )
A. September 10th B. October 10th C. November 10th D. December 10th
25. How do you say “3/5” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. three fifth B. three fifths C. third fifth D. third fifths
26. What class are you in?
I’m in Class ______, Grade ______.( )
A. Three; Seven B. three; seven C. Third; Seventh D. third; seventh
27. How old is your little sister?
She is ______.( )
A. five year old B. five - year - old C. five years old D. five - years - old
28. What time is it?
It’s ______.( )
A. a quarter to nine B. nine to a quarter C. a quarter nine D. nine quarter
29. How many people are there in your family?
There are ______ people. My parents, my sister and I.( )
A. three B. four C. five D. six
30. When is your birthday?
It’s on ______.( )
A. the May B. May the 5th C. 5 May D. May 5
31. What’s seven and eight?
It’s ______.( )
A. fifteen B. thirteen C. fourteen D. sixteen
32. How do you say “11:50” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. ten past eleven B. ten to twelve C. eleven fifty D. B and C
33. How many seasons are there in a year?
There are ______ seasons.( )
A. three B. four C. five D. six
34. Which is the second month of a year?
It’s ______.( )
A. January B. February C. March D. April
35. How many days are there in a week?
There are ______ days.( )
A. five B. six C. seven D. eight
36. How much is the pen?
It’s about ______ yuan.( )
A. fifteen B. fifteenth C. fifty D. fiftieth
37. What’s your room number?
It’s ______.( )
A. the 302 room B. Room 302 C. 302 Room D. the Room 302
38. How old is your grandfather?
He is ______.( )
A. eighty - one B. eighty - first C. eight - one D. eight - first
39. How do you say “2/3” in English?( )
A. two third B. two thirds C. second third D. second thirds
40. What time does the movie start?
It starts at ______.( )
A. 7:00 pm B. 7:00 am C. pm 7:00 D. 7:00 am pm
二、词汇填空
1. My father's ______ (forty) birthday is coming. We are going to have a big party for him.
1. There are ______ (twenty - four) hours in a day, and ______ (half) of them is twelve hours.
1. Please turn to Page ______ (thirty - five) and read the story.
1. December is the ______ (twelve) month of the year.
1. The ______ (nine) lesson is more difficult than the previous ones.
1. There are ______ (hundred) of people in the park on weekends.
1. She came ______ (one) in the singing competition.
1. The company has been in business for ______ (twenty) years.
1. My little brother is in Class ______ (Four), Grade Three.
1. The ______ (two) season of the year is summer.
三、句子翻译
1. 我家住在第十二层楼。
1. 他在比赛中获得了第三名。
1. 一年有十二个月,三月是第三个月。
1. 我妹妹今年五岁了。
1. 他是我们班第二高的学生。
1. 今天是我爷爷的八十岁生日。
1. 我有二十本书,其中五本是故事书。
1. 会议将在五月二十日举行。
1. 三分之一的学生喜欢打篮球。
1. 她是家里的第二个孩子。
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Unit 1 Home 语法 基数词和序数词精讲精练
译林版(2024) 七年级下册
一、基数词
1.定义
基数词是用于表示数量多少的词,在日常生活中用于计数、描述数量等场景。比如描述人数、物品个数、年龄等。
2.基本基数词的构成
(1)1 - 12:这 12 个基数词是独立的单词,需要逐个记忆,它们分别是 one(1)、two(2)、three(3)、four(4)、five(5)、six(6)、seven(7)、eight(8)、nine(9)、ten(10)、eleven(11)、twelve(12)。
(2)13 - 19:一般是在个位数后加 -teen 构成,但其中 thirteen、fifteen、eighteen 的拼写需要特别注意。例如:fourteen(14)、sixteen(16)、seventeen(17)、nineteen(19)。
(3)20 - 90:以 -ty 结尾,其中 twenty、thirty、forty、fifty、eighty 的拼写需单独记忆。像 sixty(60)、seventy(70)、ninety(90)。
(4)21 - 99:由 “整十数 + 连字符 + 个位数” 组成。比如 34 是 thirty - four,78 是 seventy - eight。
(5)100 及以上:先说 “几百” 用 hundred,然后加 and 连接末两位数或末位数。例如 102 是 one hundred and two,356 是 three hundred and fifty - six。如果是更大的数字,依次类推,如 1,000 是 one thousand,1,234 是 one thousand two hundred and thirty - four ;1,000,000 是 one million ;1,000,000,000 是 one billion。
3.基数词的用法
(1)表示数量:直接用于描述事物的数量。例如:There are five apples on the table.(桌子上有五个苹果。)
(2)表示年龄:用 “基数词 + years old”,也可以直接用基数词。例如:He is ten years old. 或 He is ten.(他十岁了。)
(3)表示编号:“名词 + 基数词”,如 Room 203(203 房间),Bus No. 5(5 路公交车)。
(4)表示时间:整点用 “基数词 + o'clock”,如 8 o'clock(八点);表示时刻时,如 9:10 可以表达为 nine ten。
(5)表示日期中的日:如 May 1st(五月一日),虽然这里 1st 是序数词形式,但在口语中有时也会直接用基数词,如 May one。
二、序数词
1.定义
序数词用于表示事物的顺序、排名、等级等,通常在描述顺序、日期等场景中使用。
2.序数词的构成
(1)第一至第三:分别是 first(第一)、second(第二)、third(第三),它们的拼写与基数词差异较大,需牢记。
(2)第四至第十九:一般在基数词后加 -th,但 fifth(第五)、eighth(第八)、ninth(第九)、twelfth(第十二)拼写有变化。例如:fourth(第四)、sixth(第六)、seventh(第七)、thirteenth(第十三)等。
(3)整十数:把 y 变为 i 再加 -eth。例如:twentieth(第二十)、thirtieth(第三十)、fortieth(第四十)等。
(4)21 以上的复合序数词:仅最后一个词用序数词形式。例如:twenty - first(第二十一)、thirty - second(第三十二)、one hundred and first(第一百零一)。
3.序数词的缩写
序数词的缩写通常是由阿拉伯数字加上该序数词的最后两个字母构成。例如:1st(第一)、2nd(第二)、3rd(第三)、4th(第四)、21st(第二十一)等。
4.序数词的用法
(1)表示顺序:用于描述事物的先后顺序。例如:He is the first student to arrive at school.(他是第一个到达学校的学生。)
(2)表示日期:在日期表达中,“日” 要用序数词。例如:October 1st is National Day.(十月一日是国庆节。)
(3)表示楼层:用序数词,如 I live on the fifth floor.(我住在五楼。)
三、基数词和序数词的其他用法及注意事项
1.数词的复数形式
(1)表示年代:用 “in + the + 年份复数”,例如 in the 1980s(在 20 世纪 80 年代)。
(2)表示年龄范围:用 “in one’s + 整十数复数”,例如 in his twenties(在他二十多岁时)。
2.分数表达
分子用基数词,分母用序数词。当分子大于 1 时,分母用复数形式。例如:1/3 是 one third;2/5 是 two fifths;1/2 可以表达为 one second 或 a half ;3/4 可以表达为 three fourths 或 three quarters。
3.百分数表达
用 “基数词 + percent”,例如 50% 是 fifty percent。
4.倍数表达
(1)“倍数 + as + 形容词 / 副词原级 + as”,例如 This room is three times as big as that one.(这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。)
(2)“倍数 + 形容词 / 副词比较级 + than”,例如 This river is twice longer than that one.(这条河比那条河长两倍。)
5.基数词和序数词前的冠词使用
(1)序数词前一般加定冠词 the,表示 “第几”。例如:He is the second child in his family.(他是他家第二个孩子。)
(2)当序数词前有形容词性物主代词、名词所有格等修饰时,不用 the。例如:This is my first time to visit Beijing.(这是我第一次参观北京。)
(3)序数词前加不定冠词 a/an 时,表示 “又一,再一”。例如:He failed the exam twice, but he still wants to have a third try.(他考试失败了两次,但他仍然想再试一次。)
一、单项选择
1. There are ______ months in a year. December is the ______ month.( )
A. twelve; twelve B. twelfth; twelfth C. twelve; twelfth D. twelfth; twelve
【答案】C
【解析】第一个空表示数量,一年有十二个月,应用基数词 twelve;第二个空表示顺序,十二月是第十二个月,应用序数词 twelfth。所以答案是 C。
2. My sister is ______ years old. Today is her ______ birthday.( )
A. five; five B. fifth; five C. five; fifth D. fifth; fifth
【答案】C
【解析】第一个空表示年龄,要用基数词 five;第二个空表示 “第五个生日”,表示顺序,要用序数词 fifth。故答案为 C。
3. What’s nine and seven?
It’s ______.( )
A. sixteen B. seventeen C. eighteen D. nineteen
【答案】A
【解析】九加七等于十六,“十六” 的基数词是 sixteen。所以选 A。
4. We live on the ______ floor.( )
A. two B. second C. twoth D. twice
【答案】B
【解析】表示楼层时要用序数词,two 的序数词是 second。A 选项 two 是基数词;C 选项 twoth 拼写错误;D 选项 twice 表示 “两次;两倍” ,不符合语境。答案是 B。
5. There are about two ______ students in our school.( )
A. thousand B. thousands C. thousands of D. thousand of
【答案】A
【解析】当 thousand 前有具体数字时,thousand 用单数形式,且不与 of 连用。所以 “两千” 应表达为 two thousand,答案选 A。
6. How do you say “4:15” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. a quarter past four B. a quarter to four C. four fifteen D. A and C
【答案】D
【解析】“4:15” 可以用 a quarter past four(四点一刻)表示,也可以直接用 four fifteen 表示。a quarter to four 表示 “差一刻四点”,即 3:45。所以答案是 D。
7. My birthday is on August ______.( )
A. 22th B. 22st C. 22nd D. 22rd
【答案】C
【解析】22 的序数词缩写是 22nd。A 选项 22th 错误;B 选项 22st 错误;D 选项 22rd 错误。故答案为 C。
8. There are ______ days in a week and ______ is the first day of a week.( )
A. seven; Monday B. seven; Sunday C. sixth; Monday D. sixth; Sunday
【答案】B
【解析】第一个空表示一周有七天,用基数词 seven;在英语中,一周的第一天是 Sunday(星期日),而不是 Monday(星期一)。所以答案是 B。
9. The ______ lesson is very easy.( )
A. five B. fifth C. fiveth D. fifteen
【答案】B
【解析】这里表示 “第五课”,要用序数词,five 的序数词是 fifth。A 选项 five 是基数词;C 选项 fiveth 拼写错误;D 选项 fifteen 是基数词 “十五”。答案为 B。
10. Which class are you in?
I’m in ______.( )
A. class two grade seven B. Class Two Grade Seven C. Grade Seven Class Two D. class Two grade Seven
【答案】B
【解析】表示 “几年级几班” 时,班级和年级的首字母都要大写,且先说班级后说年级。所以 “七年级二班” 应表达为 Class Two Grade Seven,答案选 B。
11. My sister is only ______. Today is her ______ birthday.( )
A. three; three B. third; three C. three; third D. third; third
【答案】C
【解析】第一个空表示年龄用基数词 three;第二个空表示 “第三个生日”,用序数词 third。所以选 C。
12. When is your mother’s birthday?
It’s on ______.( )
A. the May 3rd B. May 3th C. May 3rd D. May the 3th
【答案】C
【解析】日期表达是 “月 + 日(序数词)”,且月份前不用 the,3 的序数词缩写是 3rd。A 选项 the 多余;B 选项 3th 错误;D 选项 the 位置错误且 3th 错误。答案是 C。
13. There are ______ people in the supermarket. It’s so crowded.( )
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of
【答案】C
【解析】hundred 前没有具体数字时,用复数形式且与 of 连用,hundreds of 表示 “数以百计的”。A 选项 hundred 单独使用错误;B 选项 hundreds 缺少 of;D 选项 hundred of 表述错误。答案为 C。
14. How old is your grandpa?
He is ______.( )
A. seventy - five B. seventy and five C. seventieth - five D. seventieth and five
【答案】A
【解析】表示年龄用基数词,“七十五” 的正确表达是 seventy - five。B 选项表述错误;C 选项 seventieth 是序数词,错误;D 选项表述错误。答案选 A。
15. What time is it now?
It’s ______.( )
A. half past six B. six half C. thirty six D. six past thirty
【答案】A
【解析】“六点半” 可以表达为 half past six。B 选项 six half 表达错误;C 选项 thirty six 表述错误;D 选项 six past thirty 表达错误。答案是 A。
16. My father is in his ______ this year.( )
A. forty B. forties C. fortys D. fourtieth
【答案】B
【解析】“in one’s + 整十数复数” 表示 “在某人几十多岁时”,forty 的复数是 forties。A 选项 forty 是基数词;C 选项 fortys 拼写错误;D 选项 fortieth 是序数词。答案为 B。
17. How many teachers are there in your school?
About two ______.( )
A. hundred B. hundreds C. hundreds of D. hundred of
【答案】A
【解析】hundred 前有具体数字 two 时,用单数形式,且不与 of 连用。B 选项 hundreds 错误;C 选项 hundreds of 用于没有具体数字的情况;D 选项 hundred of 表述错误。答案选 A。
18. Is your sister in the ______ grade?
Yes, she is. She’s in Class ______.( )
A. seven; Three B. seventh; Three C. seven; Third D. seventh; Third
【答案】B
【解析】第一个空表示 “第七年级”,要用序数词 seventh;第二个空表示 “三班”,用 “Class + 基数词”,即 Class Three。所以答案是 B。
19. The library is on the ______ floor.( )
A. three B. third C. threeth D. thirds
【答案】B
【解析】表示楼层用序数词,three 的序数词是 third。A 选项 three 是基数词;C 选项 threeth 拼写错误;D 选项 thirds 是复数形式,错误。答案为 B。
20. There are ______ seasons in a year. ______ is the third season.( )
A. four; Autumn B. four; Spring C. fourth; Autumn D. fourth; Spring
【答案】A
【解析】第一个空表示一年有四个季节,用基数词 four;一年中的第三个季节是秋季(Autumn),而不是春季(Spring)。所以答案是 A。
21. What’s two and three?
It’s ______.( )
A. four B. five C. six D. seven
【答案】B
【解析】二加三等于五,“五” 的基数词是 five。所以选 B。
22. How do you say “9:30” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. half past nine B. nine half C. thirty past nine D. nine thirty past
【答案】A
【解析】“9:30” 常用的表达是 half past nine。B 选项 nine half 表达错误;C 选项 thirty past nine 表达不常用;D 选项 nine thirty past 表达错误。答案是 A。
23. What’s your phone number?
It’s ______.( )
A. 888 - 1122 B. eight eight eight one one two two C. 8881122th D. the 8881122
【答案】A
【解析】电话号码直接用数字表达即可,B 选项是逐个读出数字,不符合电话号码的常用表达;C 选项 8881122th 错误;D 选项 the 8881122 错误。答案选 A。
24. When is Teachers’ Day?
It’s on ______.( )
A. September 10th B. October 10th C. November 10th D. December 10th
【答案】A
【解析】教师节是 9 月 10 日,即 September 10th。所以答案是 A。
25. How do you say “3/5” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. three fifth B. three fifths C. third fifth D. third fifths
【答案】B
【解析】分数的表达规则是分子用基数词,分母用序数词,当分子大于 1 时,分母用复数形式。所以 “3/5” 应表达为 three fifths。答案是 B。
26. What class are you in?
I’m in Class ______, Grade ______.( )
A. Three; Seven B. three; seven C. Third; Seventh D. third; seventh
【答案】A
【解析】表示班级和年级时,班级和年级的首字母都要大写,且数字用基数词。所以 “三班,七年级” 应表达为 Class Three, Grade Seven。答案是 A。
27. How old is your little sister?
She is ______.( )
A. five year old B. five - year - old C. five years old D. five - years - old
【答案】C
【解析】表示年龄 “五岁” 可以用 five years old;five - year - old 是复合形容词,常作定语,如 a five - year - old girl(一个五岁的女孩)。A 选项 five year old 表达错误;D 选项 five - years - old 表达错误。答案选 C。
28. What time is it?
It’s ______.( )
A. a quarter to nine B. nine to a quarter C. a quarter nine D. nine quarter
【答案】A
【解析】“a quarter to nine” 表示 “差一刻九点”,即 8:45;B 选项 nine to a quarter 表达错误;C 选项 a quarter nine 表达错误;D 选项 nine quarter 表达错误。答案是 A。
29. How many people are there in your family?
There are ______ people. My parents, my sister and I.( )
A. three B. four C. five D. six
【答案】B
【解析】根据回答 “My parents, my sister and I.” 可知家里有四个人,“四” 的基数词是 four。答案选 B。
30. When is your birthday?
It’s on ______.( )
A. the May B. May the 5th C. 5 May D. May 5
【答案】D
【解析】日期表达 “五月五日” 可以是 May 5 或 May 5th ,A 选项 the May 错误;B 选项 May the 5th 表达顺序错误;C 选项 5 May 不符合英语日期表达习惯。答案选 D。
31. What’s seven and eight?
It’s ______.( )
A. fifteen B. thirteen C. fourteen D. sixteen
【答案】A
【解析】七加八等于十五,“十五” 的基数词是 fifteen。所以答案是 A。
32. How do you say “11:50” in English?
It’s ______.( )
A. ten past eleven B. ten to twelve C. eleven fifty D. B and C
【答案】D
【解析】“11:50” 可以表达为 ten to twelve(差十分到十二点),也可以直接表达为 eleven fifty(十一点五十)。A 选项 ten past eleven 表示 “十一点十分”,不符合题意。答案是 D。
33. How many seasons are there in a year?
There are ______ seasons.( )
A. three B. four C. five D. six
【答案】B
【解析】一年有四个季节,“四” 的基数词是 four。答案选 B。
34. Which is the second month of a year?
It’s ______.( )
A. January B. February C. March D. April
【答案】B
【解析】一年中的第二个月是二月,即 February。January 是一月;March 是三月;April 是四月。答案是 B。
35. How many days are there in a week?
There are ______ days.( )
A. five B. six C. seven D. eight
【答案】C
【解析】一周有七天,“七” 的基数词是 seven。答案选 C。
36. How much is the pen?
It’s about ______ yuan.( )
A. fifteen B. fifteenth C. fifty D. fiftieth
【答案】A
【解析】这里表示价格,应用基数词。fifteen 表示 “十五”;fifteenth 是序数词 “第十五”;fifty 表示 “五十”;fiftieth 是序数词 “第五十” 。根据语境,A 选项更合适。答案是 A。
37. What’s your room number?
It’s ______.( )
A. the 302 room B. Room 302 C. 302 Room D. the Room 302
【答案】B
【解析】房间号的表达是 “Room + 房间号数字”,且不加 the。所以 “302 房间” 应表达为 Room 302。答案选 B。
38. How old is your grandfather?
He is ______.( )
A. eighty - one B. eighty - first C. eight - one D. eight - first
【答案】A
【解析】表示年龄用基数词,“八十一” 应表达为 eighty - one。eighty - first 是序数词 “第八十一”;C 和 D 选项表达错误。答案选 A。
39. How do you say “2/3” in English?( )
A. two third B. two thirds C. second third D. second thirds
【答案】B
【解析】分数表达中,分子用基数词,分母用序数词,分子大于 1 时,分母用复数。所以 “2/3” 是 two thirds。答案选 B。
40. What time does the movie start?
It starts at ______.( )
A. 7:00 pm B. 7:00 am C. pm 7:00 D. 7:00 am pm
【答案】A
【解析】表示晚上 7 点应用 7:00 pm;7:00 am 表示早上 7 点;C 选项 pm 7:00 表达错误;D 选项 7:00 am pm 表达错误。答案选 A。
二、词汇填空
1. My father's ______ (forty) birthday is coming. We are going to have a big party for him.
【答案】fortieth
【解析】表示 “某人的第几个生日”,要用序数词,forty 的序数词是 fortieth ,所以填 fortieth。
1. There are ______ (twenty - four) hours in a day, and ______ (half) of them is twelve hours.
【答案】twenty - four; half
【解析】第一个空表示数量,一天有二十四小时,用基数词 twenty - four;第二个空 “一半” 用 half。
1. Please turn to Page ______ (thirty - five) and read the story.
【答案】Thirty - five
【解析】“Page + 基数词” 表示 “第几页”,基数词首字母大写,所以填 Thirty - five。
1. December is the ______ (twelve) month of the year.
【答案】twelfth
【解析】表示顺序 “第十二”,用序数词 twelfth ,所以填 twelfth。
1. The ______ (nine) lesson is more difficult than the previous ones.
【答案】ninth
【解析】这里表示 “第九课”,要用序数词,nine 的序数词是 ninth,故填 ninth。
1. There are ______ (hundred) of people in the park on weekends.
【答案】hundreds
【解析】“hundreds of” 表示 “数以百计的”,固定搭配,所以填 hundreds。
1. She came ______ (one) in the singing competition.
【答案】first
【解析】表示 “第一名”,用序数词 first,所以填 first。
1. The company has been in business for ______ (twenty) years.
【答案】twenty
【解析】这里表示数量 “二十年”,用基数词 twenty,所以填 twenty。
1. My little brother is in Class ______ (Four), Grade Three.
【答案】Four
【解析】表示 “几班”,班级首字母大写,用基数词,所以填 Four。
1. The ______ (two) season of the year is summer.
【答案】second
【解析】表示 “第二个季节”,用序数词 second,所以填 second。
三、句子翻译
1. 我家住在第十二层楼。
【答案】My family lives on the twelfth floor.
【解析】“住在…… 楼层” 用 “live on + the + 序数词 + floor”,“第十二” 是 twelfth ,所以翻译为 My family lives on the twelfth floor.
1. 他在比赛中获得了第三名。
【答案】He won the third place in the competition.
【解析】“获得第三名” 是 “win the third place”,“在比赛中” 是 “in the competition”,所以是 He won the third place in the competition.
1. 一年有十二个月,三月是第三个月。
【答案】There are twelve months in a year and March is the third month.
【解析】“有” 用 “there be” 句型,“十二个月” 是 “twelve months”,“第三个月” 用 “the third month”,所以翻译为 There are twelve months in a year and March is the third month.
1. 我妹妹今年五岁了。
【答案】My sister is five years old this year.
【解析】“…… 岁” 用 “基数词 + years old”,所以是 My sister is five years old this year.
1. 他是我们班第二高的学生。
【答案】He is the second tallest student in our class.
【解析】“the + 序数词 + 形容词最高级” 表示 “第几最……” ,“第二高” 是 “the second tallest”,“在我们班” 是 “in our class”,所以翻译为 He is the second tallest student in our class.
1. 今天是我爷爷的八十岁生日。
【答案】Today is my grandfather's eightieth birthday.
【解析】“某人的第几个生日” 用 “one's + 序数词 + birthday”,“八十岁生日” 即 “第八十个生日”,“八十” 的序数词是 eightieth,所以是 Today is my grandfather's eightieth birthday.
1. 我有二十本书,其中五本是故事书。
【答案】I have twenty books and five of them are storybooks.
【解析】“有” 用 “have”,“二十本书” 是 “twenty books”,“其中五本” 是 “five of them” ,所以翻译为 I have twenty books and five of them are storybooks.
1. 会议将在五月二十日举行。
【答案】The meeting will be held on May 20th.
【解析】“在具体某一天” 用介词 on,“五月二十日” 是 “May 20th”,“举行” 是 “be held”,所以是 The meeting will be held on May 20th.
1. 三分之一的学生喜欢打篮球。
【答案】One - third of the students like playing basketball.
【解析】“三分之一” 是 “one - third”,“…… 的” 用 “of”,“喜欢做某事” 是 “like doing sth.”,“打篮球” 是 “play basketball”,所以翻译为 One - third of the students like playing basketball.
1. 她是家里的第二个孩子。
【答案】She is the second child in her family.
【解析】“第二个孩子” 用 “the second child”,“在她家里” 是 “in her family”,所以是 She is the second child in her family.
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